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0.35 20 mm f @ 20 mm f @ 10 mm f @
17.0 cm c/c 25.0 cm c/c 14.0 cm c/c
0.35 m
20 mm f @ Corner 20 mm f @
19 cm c/c 19.0 cm c/c
20 mm f @ 20 mm f @
25 cm c/c 25.0 cm c/c
10 mm f @ Hench 10 mm f @
14 cm c/c 14 cm c/c
20 mm f @ 20 mm f @ 10 mm f @
13.0 cm c/c 21.0 cm c/c 14 cm c/c
pk_nandwana@yahoo.co.in
DESIGN
NAME OF WORK :- PKN
DESIGN DATA :
The barrel shall be subjected to maximum loading under the bank at the lowest possible
level of the barrel as indicated below in the following section:-
R.L. = 100.00 m
t = 0.35 m
3.50
R.L. = 96.15 m
R.L. = 95.80 m
8.05
(3) Design
As the barrels are rigidly joined, they should be designed as a continuous structure. Hardy Cross
method of moment distribution shall be used for design.
Thickness of top / bottom slab 0.35 m
Thickness of side wall 0.35 m
The effective length of horizontal member = 3.85 m
The effective length of vertical member = 3.85 m
Distribution factors
At joint A
3.85
For member AB = = 0.50
3.85 + 3.85
3.85
For member AD = = 0.50
3.85 + 3.85
At joint D
3.85
For member DA = = 0.50
3.85 + 3.85
3.85
For member DC = = 0.50
3.85 + 3.85
(i) Loads
Consider one meter length of barrel
Depth of dry earth over barrel = 100.00 - 100.00 = 0.00 m
Depth of saturated earth = 100.00 - 100.00 = 0.00 m
Weight of dry and saturard earth = 0.00 X 1.80 + 0.00 X 2.00
= 0 t/m2
Weight of top slab = 0.35 X 2.50 = 0.875 t/m2
Live load and dead load = 4.50 + 1.20 = 5.70 t/m2
Weight on the top slab including its own weight = 0 + 0.875 + 5.70
= 6.58 t/m2
Weight of the barrels per metre of length
=( 1 X 3.85 + 2 X 3.85 )x 0.35 X 2.50
= 10.11 t
Total dead load/m length of barrels = = 10.11 + 0.00 X 3.85 + 5.70 x 3.85
= 32.05 t
Net upward pressure on the base slab = = 32.05 / 3.85 = 8.33 t/m2
8.33 t/m2
3.85
D C F
4.21
D 2.31 t/m2
t/m2 8.33 t/m2
(i) On span AB = 12 = 12
= 8.13 t-m
wl2
8.33 X 3.85 2
(ii) On span CD = 12 = 12
= 10.29 t-m
(iii) On span AD fixed end moments in the wall at each end due to rectangular portion
wl2 1.90 X 3.85 2
= 12 = 12
= 2.35 t-m
Fixed end moments due to triangular portion
2.31 X 3.85 2
MAD = 30
= 1.15 t-m
MDA = 2.31 X 3.85 2
20
= 1.72 t-m
Total fixed end moments at A = 2.35 + 1.15
= 3.50 t-m
Total fixed end moments at D = 2.35 + 1.72
= 4.07 t-m
(iv) Distribution of moments
Joints C D A B
Member Dc DA AD AB
Distribution factore 0.33 0.67 0.67 0.33
Fixed end -10.29 10.29 -4.07 3.50 -8.13 8.13
moments
Balance -2.08 -4.15 3.09 1.55
Carry over -1.04 1.54 -2.07 0.77
Balance -0.52 -1.03 1.38 0.69
Carry over -0.26 0.69 -0.51 0.35
Balance -0.23 -0.46 0.34 0.17
Carry over -0.12 0.17 -0.23 0.09
Balance -0.06 -0.11 0.15 0.08
8
= 12.182 t-m
Fixing moments at centre = 5.64 + 9.34
2
= 7.4887 t-m
Net sagging moments at centre = 12.182 - 7.489
= 4.694 t-m
Span CD
8.33 X 3.85 8.33 X 0.175 2
Sagging moments at face = -------------------- X 0.175 - ----------------------------
2 2
= 2.677 t-m
Fixing moments at face= 3.675
7.41 + ( 11.70 - 7.41 )
3.85
= 11.507 t-m
Net fixing moments at face = 11.507 - 2.68
= 8.83 t-m
Sagging moments at centre = 8.33 X 3.85 2
8
= 15.425 t-m
Fixing moments at centre = 11.70 + 7.41
2
= 9.5553 t-m
Net sagging moments at centre = 15.425 - 9.555
= 5.87 t-m
Span AD
(a) Due to rectangular portion
1.90 X 3.85 1.90 X 0.175 2
= X 0.175 -
= X 0.175 -
2 2
= 0.611 t-m
MOMENTS
Span
At face At centre
AB 7.05 t-m (hogging) 4.69 t-m (sagging)
CD 8.83 t-m (hogging) 5.87 t-m (sagging)
AD 6.47 t-m (hogging) -0.82 t-m (sagging)
Ö Ö
M 8.83 X 105
d = =
bQ 100 X 12
= 27.65 cm
Adopt overall thickness of all the members = 35 cm
Then effective thickness = 30 cm
(clear cover = 5.0 cm )
The reinforcement required at various points is given below :
(vii) Reinforcement
20 mm f @ 17.0 cm c/c
20 mm f @ 17 cm c/c
10 mm f @ 14.0 cm c/c
A 20 mm f @ 25 cm c/c B E
0.35
D F 0.35
C
20 mm f @ 13 cm c/c clear cover = 5.00 cm
20 mm f @ 21 cm c/c
0.35 3.50 m 0.35 3.50 0.35
20 mm f @17.0 cm c/c
10 mm f @ 14.0 cm c/c
20 mm f @ 25 cm c/c cm c/c
20 mm f @ 21 cm c/c
10 mm bars @
20 mm f @ 19 cm c/c 14 cm c/c
10 mm bars @ 14 cm c/c
3.50
20 mm f @ 21 cm c/c
20 mm f @ 13 cm c/c 10 mm bars @
14 cm c/c