1 CHAPTER I

2 INTRODUCTION

4 Background of the Study

5 Using commercial floor wax could be harmful to the environment and especially to

6 people since it contains chemicals that are harmful once inhaled or absorbed to the human body.

7 It is therefore essential to produce an organic floor wax as an alternative to commercials ones

8 since organic floor wax could be less harmful if inhaled.

9 With this, the researchers would like to conduct investigatory research on banana peeling

10 as an alternative ingredient for making floor wax. Since our community has an abundant

11 plantation of banana, making floor wax out of banana peel will not be expensive, also

12 considering that people are not using the peeling productive. Instead, people throw the banana

13 peeling away after consuming the fruit. Moreover, producing an alternative floor wax is very

14 important for the people who are using floor wax in making their floors shine especially that our

15 country is currently facing inflation. This research will help them in saving money and will be

16 beneficial to their health. This is to inform the respondents to create floor wax out of banana

17 peels and to innovate them to lessen environmental waste.

18 With this background, the researcher would like to investigate whether banana peelings

19 can be used an alternative ingredient in making a floor wax and its effectivity compared to

20 ordinary synthetic floor wax that people usually buy in the market.

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1
 1 Theoretical Framework

2 Commercial floor wax is meant to protect the floors, increase its durability and scuff

3 marks (George, 2012). It has a great use especially to the household, which has a cement floor

4 since it has a solution that can be used to make the floor radiant, glossy and shiny. It helps

5 protect the floor from everyday wear and tear of foot traffic. Also, commercial floor wax is an

6 important way to maintain any non-carpeted floor and should be applied periodically in order to

7 ensure that the protective barrier remains intact (CleanItSupply, n.d). The most common

8 ingredients used in commercial waxes include shellac, polyurethane, lacquer, perchloroethylene,

9 toluene, and phenol. Commercial floor finishes do not require reapplication as frequent as

10 homemade or natural formulas (TCFC Solutions Inc, 2016).

11 Although floor wax has good benefits, it also has its health hazards. It is toxic especially

12 if the chemicals used contain hazardous solvents. It is tempting to purchase commercial floor

13 wax, but this can be very harmful when used around children or pets. Commercial floor wax

14 often contains hazardous solvents such as 2-butoxyethanol and ethanolamine. If these are

15 misused and in areas with poor ventilation, the air concentration may be high enough to cause

16 symptoms not just among the cleaning staff, but in other workers in the space (reliasmedia, n.d.).

17 One can use coconut, oil, and vinegar, cooking oil as alternative ingredients in making

18 floor wax. According to Masato Takihira (2013), the Coco- wax, which is made from the

19 coconut fruits is recommended as a commercially viable wax nowadays due to its superiority in

20 terms of quality, cost and production rate as compared to the commercial wax today. Using

21 coconut meat in rubbing the floor can make it shine brightly. Another organic method is using oil

22 and vinegar. Oil and Vinegar is the most common homemade substitute for floor wax. It is a

23 mixture of equal parts of vegetable oil and vinegar. This recipe is recommended by both the

2
 1 Earth Easy website (https/eartheasy.com/) and the Frugal Fun website (www.frugalfun.com).

2 Another is using cooking oil, which is according to Dalton (2009), using cooking oil as floor wax

3 increased the moisture of the samples and a little increase in its intensity of shine.

4 The banana plant may also be used as an alternative ingredient to floor wax. Banana peel

5 is known for its slippery effect. Bananas are fast-growing herbaceous perennials arising from

6 underground rhizomes. The banana is of high nutritional value. It contains Vitamin C - 8mg and

7 a high-grade protein, which includes 3 of the essentials amino acids. It is one of the earliest crops

8 cultivated in the history of human agriculture. The origin of this particular plant family stretches

9 from India to Papua New Guinea, which includes the Southeast Asian region (Arvanitoyannis

10 and Mavromatis, 2009). It is the common name for an edible fruit produced by several kinds of

11 large herbaceous flowering plants of the genus Musa.

12 According to Tacio (2013), the Philippines is considered as the third largest producer of

13 banana in the world. Banana is considered as the most economically important fruit crop in terms

14 of volume of production and export earnings as it contributes significantly not only to the

15 national income but also to employment. Among the most cultivated varieties of banana in the

16 country are the latundan, lacatan, saba/cardaba and bungulan. The most popular variety is the

17 Musa balbisiana or commonly known as “cardaba” or “saba”.

18 Bellini (2014) states that it is possible to slip when stepping on a banana peel. Since

19 banana peel decreases the friction of the shoe sole by one-fifth of it, according to Liesl (2013),

20 the banana peel can also be natural alternative sources of shoe polisher, floor shiner, and teeth

21 whitener. According to scientific research, banana peels are not just used polishing silverware,

22 leather shoes, but some scientist discovers that banana peels can also be a water purifier and that

23 it can perform better than in purifying metals ( American Chemical Society, 2011).

3
 1 The price is often an important factor in the commercial floor wax. Based on Shoppee, an

2 online buy and sell website, a commercial floor wax in the Philippines namely “Red Dye Wax”

3 (450g) and the “Colorless Floor Wax” (450g) cost one to pay Php 99.00 pesos. While the 90g of

4 “red dye wax” and colorless floor wax cost 18.50 pesos, based on Honestbee online shopping

5 site.

7 Conceptual Framework

8 Figure 1 shows how the researchers processed the input data to acquire the output

9 successfully. The inputs were the specific banana peel extract (latundan), candle wax, and

10 kerosene gas. The processes were orderly arranged according to its steps.

11

12
PROCESS
INPUT OUTPUT
13
 Banana  Cutting the banana Effectivity of
14 peel banana peel
peels(latundan)  Boiling (latundan) as a
15  Squeezing the source of
 Candle Wax banana peel using a making floor
16
cloth wax.
 Kerosene gas  Melting the wax
17
 Mixing
18  Molding
 Gathering data using
19 survey questionnaire
 Analyzing the data
20
 Interpreting the data
21

22 Figure 1 Schematic diagram of alternative banana peel floor wax

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4
 1 Statement of the Problem

2 This investigatory study aims to answer the following questions:

3 1. Is banana peeling effective as an alternative ingredient in making floor wax?

4 2. Is banana peelings acceptable as an alternative floor wax in terms of;

5 a. Smell

6 b. Texture

7 c. Hardness

8 d. Ability to make the floor slippery

9 e. Ability to make the floor shiny

10

11 Hypothesis

12 Null Hypothesis:

13 1. Banana peeling is not effective as an alternative ingredient in making floor wax.

14 2. Banana peeling is not acceptable in terms of smell, texture, hardness, slipperiness and

15 shiny.

16 Alternative Hypothesis:

17 1. Banana peeling is effective as an alternative ingredient in making floor wax.

18 2. Banana peeling is acceptable in terms of smell, texture, hardness, slipperiness and

19 shiny.

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 1 Significance of the Study:

2 This study was conducted in order to find substitute ingredients to replace dangerous

3 ingredients that might harm user’s health, and this study involves making a cheap alternative to

4 commercially available floor wax using banana peels, kerosene and candle wax. Instead of just

5 throwing the banana peels away, the researchers have thought to put them to good use by making

6 floor wax out of them. This project highlights that floor wax made from banana peels. This study

7 aims to create floor wax out of banana peels in which it will be beneficial to the following:

8 Household: It will be beneficial to a household because they can create a homemade floor wax

9 that is less expensive and less harmful.

10 Community: The result of this study will help the community in preventing air pollution caused

11 by garbage and waste materials by using the banana peelings in a productive way instead of

12 throwing it away on the streets.

13 Future researcher: This study will be the guide or the basis for further research about

14 making an alternative floor wax. It will give them some idea about the innovation of floor

15 wax, which is out of banana peels.

16 Students and public teachers: They can save money by making floor wax out of banana peel.

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 1 DEFINITION OF TERMS

2 The following terms are used in the context of the study;

3 Alternative - another way of making a floor wax out of banana peel.

4 Banana - is an edible fruit where the researchers get their main ingredient

5 Banana peeling - it is used as substitute ingredients in making floor wax

6 Color - the product as perceived through the sense of sight or eyes of the customers.

7 Effectiveness - refers to the capability of the banana peeling in making the floor shines. The

8 quality of the product that has been produced.

9 Kerosene - one of the ingredients in making banana peel floor wax and to make the floor wax

10 not so sticky.

11 Shiny - The condition of the floor that is smooth after being polished by the product

12 Smell - The property of the product whether it is not harmful to smell or toxic, which gives

13 health hazards.

14 Wax - One of the ingredients that used for shining floor.

15

16 SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

17 The study is focused only on making an alternative floor wax out of banana peel

18 (latundan) and determining the effectiveness of it through convenience sampling (grade 12

19 students). This study will be conducted on the first semester of the school year 2018-2019.

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 1 CHAPTER II

2 METHODOLOGY

3 This chapter deals with the research design used, the locale of the study, equipment used,

4 procedures, survey, research subjects, research instruments, data gathering procedure, and

5 statistical treatment of data.

7 Research Design

8 This research design uses an experimental method to produced alternative floor wax

9 made of banana peel and descriptive-normative method. The experimental method is a

10 systematic and scientific approach to research in which the researcher manipulates one or more

11 variables and controls and measures any change in variables (Blakstad, nd). The descriptive-

12 normative method was used in gathering of data and determining the acceptability of the

13 alternative banana peel (latundan) floor wax.

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15 LOCALE OF THE STUDY

16 This research study will be conducted at the Palompon Institute of Technology,

17 Evangelista Street, Palompon, Leyte. Specifically at the annex room 107 Language Department.

18

19 PREPARATION OF PRODUCT

20

21 A. Materials

22 Gather all the materials needed in producing the alternative floor wax. Place all the

23 ingredients in a flat surface table namely: the banana peel (latundan) that is from the household

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 1 after eating or from the market, candle wax and the kerosene. In producing the product, you need

2 some tools on kitchen utensils like casserole, knife, chopping board and small

3 container/cellophane for the molding of the product.

4 B. Procedures

5 Preparation in making alternative banana peel floor wax. The preparation in making the banana

6 peel floor wax took at least eight steps in proper sequence.

7 Step 1. Cut the banana peel (latundan).

9 inhabitat.com

10 Step 2. Boil the banana peel (latundan) for fifteen minutes.

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1 Step 3. Get the banana peel (latundan) extract by using a piece of cloth then squeeze.

4 Step 4. Put the banana peel extract set aside in a safety place.

6 Step 5. Melt the candle wax in low heat to avoid any accidents.

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1 Step 6. After melting, mix all the three ingredients; add 18 ml of banana peel extract (latundan), 6

2 ml of kerosene in the melted one candle wax.

4 Step 7. Boil the three mixed ingredients for 1 to 2 minutes in a low fire.

6 Step 8. Pour the mixture in a small container for cooling before putting it into the cellophane.

11
 1 Survey

2 For this study, a descriptive-normative survey was used to achieve the main objective of

3 the study and will be distributed to 20 students of grade-12 of Palompon Institute of Technology.

4 Also, this also aims to evaluate the effectiveness of banana peel as an alternative floor wax.

5 Research Subjects

6 Using convenience-sampling method, twenty students of grade 12 HUMMS A (ages 17 to

7 18 years old) of Palompon Institute of Technology, Evangelista Street, Palompon, Leyte were

8 asked to participate in the study to give some of their time to evaluate the effectiveness of the

9 researcher's product. Convenience sampling (also known as availability sampling) is a specific

10 type of non-probability sampling method that relies on data collection from population members

11 who are conveniently available to participate in the study (research-methodology.net).

12 Research Instruments

13 The research instruments used in the study were wiping rags and a survey questionnaire.

14 The rags were used to wax the floor in order for the banana peel floor wax to spread out. The

15 survey questionnaire was used in collecting data in order to determine the effectiveness of

16 banana peel floor wax in terms of the following;

17  Smell of the banana peel floor wax

18  Texture of the banana peel floor wax

19  Hardness of the banana peel floor wax

20  The ability of the banana peel floor wax to make the floor slippery

21  The ability of the banana peel floor wax to make the floor shiny

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 1 Data Gathering Procedure

2 In collecting of data needed for determining the effectiveness of banana peel floor wax

3 the researchers used convenient sampling method in getting participants of the study. This results

4 in twenty students of grade 12 HUMMS A were picked because of their availability of time.

5 After data gathering, the researchers organized and tabulated the data gathered. The

6 results were evaluated quantitatively, which was subjected to statistical treatment in order to

7 answer the statement of the problem of the study.

8 Statistical Treatment of Data

9 Quantitative Assessment uses weighted mean. The data gathered was presented by pie

10 chart that provides the respondents respond.

11 Weighted mean - In which each item being averaged is multiplied by a number (weight) based

12 on the item's relative importance. The result is summed and the total is divided by the sum of the

13 weights (weighted average.businessdictionary.com, 2019). The equation simply as:

14

15 _

16 Where: X - weighted mean

17 Wi - is the allocated weighted value

18 Xi – is the observed values

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 1 CHAPTER III

2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3 In this chapter, the data information are presented, analyzed and interpreted to shed light

4 in the questions posed in the study. The pie chart enabled the researchers to identify the

5 responses of the respondents.

6 The pie chart in figure 1 shows the total respond of 20 students. The respondents were

7 asked about how they will rate the smell of banana peel floor wax with the scale of 1-5, 5 being

8 the fragrant and 1 being the foul. The data below shows that 85% of the total respondents agreed

9 that the smell of banana peel floor wax was fragrant. It was followed by 15% of the total

10 respondents in which they strongly agreed. The mean of the total respond was 4.4. Based on the

11 weighted mean, it indicates that majority of the respondents were strongly agreed for the smell of

12 banana peel floor wax. The result implies that the banana peel floor wax was acceptable in terms

13 of its smell.

Strongly
Agree
15%

Agree Mean: 4.4

85%

Figure 1. Graph showing the ratings of the respondents

14
about the smell of the banana floor wax.

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 1 The pie chart in figure 2 shows the total respond of 20 students. The respondents were

2 asked about how they will rate the texture of the banana peel floor wax being smooth or being

3 coarse with the scale of 1-5, five being smooth and one being coarse. The pie chart in figure 2

4 shows the total respond of 20 students. The data below shows that 55% of the total respondents

5 agreed that the banana peel floor wax was smooth. It was followed by 35% of the total

6 respondents in which they were neutral. However, 10% of the total respondents strongly agreed.

7 The mean of the total respond was 3.85. Based on the weighted mean, it indicates that the

8 majority of the respondents agreed that the texture of the banana peel floor wax was smooth. The

9 result implies that banana peel floor wax can be used and acceptable in terms of its texture.

Neutral
35%

StronglyAgree
10%
Agree
55%

Mean: 3.75

Figure 2. Graph showing the ratings of the respondents

10
about the texture of the banana peel floor wax

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 1 The pie chart in figure 3 shows the total respond of 20 students. The respondents were

2 asked about how they will rate the hardness of the banana peel floor wax being soft or being hard

3 with the scale of 1-5, five being hard and one being the sof. The data below shows that 70% of

4 the total respondents agreed. It was followed by 20% of the total respondents in which they were

5 neutral. However, 10% of the total respondents strongly agreed. The mean of the total respond

6 was 3.9. Based on the weighted mean, it indicates that the majority of the respondents agreed

7 about the texture of the banana peel floor wax. The result implies that the hardness of the banana

8 peel floor wax is somehow fine.

Neutral
20% Strongly Agree
10%

Agree
70%
Mean: 3.9

Figure 3. Graph showing the ratings of the respondents about the

9 hardness of the banana peel floor wax.

10

11 The pie chart in figure 4 shows the total respond of 20 students. The respondents were

12 asked about how they will rate the ability of banana peel floor wax for making the floor slippery

13 with the scale of 1-5, five being the highest and one being the lowest. The data below shows that

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 1 75% of the total respondents agreed that the banana peel floor wax could make the floor

2 slippery. It was followed by 20% of the total respondents in which they were neutral. However,

3 5% of the total respondents strongly agreed about the ability of banana peel floor wax for

4 making the floor slippery. The mean of the total respond was 3.85. Based on the weighted mean,

5 it indicates that the majority of the respondents agreed for its ability in making the floor slippery.

6 The result implies that it is effective and capable for making the floor slippery.

Neutral

Agree Strongly Agree

5%

Mean:3.85

Figure 4. Graph showing the ratings of the respondents

7
about the ability of the banana peel floor wax to make the floor
8 slippery.

9 The pie chart in figure 5 shows the total respond of 20 students. The respondents were

10 asked about how they will rate the ability of banana peel floor wax for making the floor shiny

11 with the scale of 1-5, 5 being the highest and 1 being the lowest. The data below shows that 60%

12 of the total respondents agreed. It was followed by 40% of the total respondents in which they

13 strongly agreed. The mean of the total respond was 4.4. Based on the weighted mean, it indicates

17
 1 that the majority of the respondents strongly agreed for the ability of banana peel floor wax for

2 making the shiny. The result implies that it is effective and capable of making the floor shiny.

3
Strongy Agree
Agree 40%
60%
4

6
Mean: 4.4

Figure 5. Graph showing the ratings of the respondents about the

8 ability of banana peel floor wax to make the floor shine.

10 The data gathered through the descriptive-normative method was subjected. The

11 respondent’s responses for each question were added together to compute the highest and lowest

12 mean of occurrence. The highest rating among the five questions is questions number 1 and 5

13 which is about the smell and the ability of the banana floor wax to make the floor shiny. The

14 reason why the respondent’s responses strongly agreed about the smell of the banana peel floor

15 wax is not toxic and harmful to smell as perceived to the nose. The banana floor wax can make

16 the floor shiny as well. The lowest rating among the five questions is number four which is the

17 texture of the banana peel floor wax. Because the texture of the banana peel floor wax was

18 getting harder by harder compared to the first day of the product that was produced. The

19 maximum time of the product is ranging only from 1 to 2 weeks; after that, it will get harder by

20 harder.

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 1 CHAPTER IV

2 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

3 Conclusion

4 Banana peel has its many uses. One of these is as an alternative source in making floor

5 wax. The researchers tried to make an alternative floor wax out of the banana peel, and it went

6 successful in terms of its smell, effectivity, hardness, shiny, texture and ability to make the floor

7 slippery. The experiment took time to work, but the result was well worth the researcher’s time

8 and efforts. The researchers can assure everyone that it is effective to use and not expensive at

9 all. A floor wax on can be made using this ingredients, instead of throwing the peels. The banana

10 peel floor wax is affordable and has a nice fragrance.

11

12

13 Recommendations

14 Based on the findings, the researchers offer the following recommendations:

15 1. The results are pointing to the fact that the banana peel of Musa sapientum (latundan)

16 that is used by the researchers by doing their research study can be an ingredient for

17 making a floor wax. Hence, it is suggested that a similar study is conducted to prolong

18 the usage of it. Because its usage takes the only up to 10 to 14 days, in order to widen

19 the knowledge of rural people to become more resourceful and responsible with proper

20 information dissemination and guidance, the findings of this study can be used as the

21 guide for new alternative product enthusiasts and manufactures.

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 1 2. To further enhance the value of the alternative floor wax, it is also recommended that

2 another study is conducted to prolong its shelf life as well as the effectiveness of it.

3 3. For future researchers, it is recommended that based on this study, they should take the

4 lead in pursuing parallel studies. By doing so, they will not only save money but also

5 lessen the waste of banana peels.

6 4. We highly recommend using banana peel floor wax because it is affordable that fits in

7 our budget, and has a pleasant fragrance.

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 1 BIBLIOGRAPHY

2 Internet

3 American Chemical Society (April 13, 2011) “Banana peels get a second life as water purifier”.
4 https://www.sciencedaily.com
5 Arvanitoyannis, Ioannis: Mavromatis Athanasios (February, 2009) “Banana is one of the earliest
6 crops cultivated in the history of human agriculture”
7 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4252442/
8 Bellini, Jarrett ( September 19,2014) “Apparently this matters: slipping on banana peels”.
9 www.cnn.com
10 CleanItSupply(N.D) “floor wax is an important way to maintain any non-carpeted floor”
11 https://www.cleanItsupply.com
12 Liesl,Clarlk (2013) “Apparenty this matters: slipping on banana peels”
13 <https://www.slideshare.net/manonginday/effectiveness-of-banana-peel
14 Dalton,Dennis (March 21,2009)“Using cooking oil as floor wax increased the moisture of the
15 samples and a little increase on its intensity of shine” http://dennis-dalton.blogspot.com
16 George (September 20, 2012) “Commercial floor wax is meant to protect the floors, increase its
17 durability and scuff marks” <http://greenshieldfloors.com/floor-wax/>
18 Reliasmedia (N.D) “Commercial floor wax often contain hazardous solvents such as 2-
19 butoxyethanol And ethanolamine” https://www.reliasmedia.com.
20
21 Tacio, Henrylito.D. (February 10,2013)“the Philippines is considered as the third largest
22 producer of banana in the World” <https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/269430>

23 Takihira, Masato (November 5, 2013) “the Coco- wax which is made from the coconut fruits is
24 recommended as a commercially” https://com/a6pg2rvn2vup/coconut-cocos-nucifera-
25 used-as-floor-wax/

26 TCFC Solutions Inc (September 30, 2015) “common ingredients used in commercial waxes
27 include shellac, polyurethane, lacquer, perchloroethylene, toluene and phenol”
28 https://www.tcsfloors.com/
29

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21
1 APPENDIX

2 The table below contains the summary of responses for each question and below of the

3 table is the total mean or the weighted mean.

Question no. (figure no) Mean Rank Interpretation

1. The smell of the banana peel 4.4 1 Strongly Agree

floor wax.

2. The texture of the banana 3.75 4 Agree

peel floorwax

3. The hardness of the banana 3.9 2 Agree

peel floor wax

4. The ability of the banana peel 3.85 3 Agree

floor wax to make the floor

slippery

5. The ability of the banana peel 4.4 1 Strongly Agree

floor wax to make the floor

shiny?

4 Total mean: 4.06 Agree

5 Legend Nguli (2018):

1 - 1.80 - strongly disagree 3.41 - 4.20 - agree

1.81 - 2.60 - disagree 4.21 - 5 - strongly agree

2.61 - 3.40 - neutral

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