BI-10-02399: YANBU DISTRIBUTION HUB

YANBU, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

UNDERGROUND UTILITY MAPPING

SURVEY REPORT
Job No. GCL-1/7183JO/14625/16

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Prepared for

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Prepared by:
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GULF CONSULT
SURVEY DIVISION

MAY 2016

0 Issue for Approval CVC BRR SGM 08-5-2016

Rev. No. Description Prepared by Checked by Approved by Issue Date
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BI-10-02399: YANBU DISTRIBUTION HUB

YANBU, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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TABLE OF CONTENTS

DESCRIPTION Page

TRANSMITTAL LETTER ii

□ INTRODUCTION 1

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□ SCOPE OF WORK 2

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□ METHODOLOGY 3-4

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□ PRINCIPLES OF GPR 5
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□ DATA ACQUISITION 6

□ FIELD DATA COLLECTION 7

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□ DATA PROCESSING AND VISUALIZATION 8

□ RESULTS 9
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□ CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 10-11

□ LIMITATIONS 12
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□ REFERENCES 13

□ APPENDIX 1: ISSUED DRAWING 14-19

□ APPENDIX 2: GPR PROFILE IMAGES 20-23

□ APPENDIX 3: CAD DRAWINGS 24-104

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MUSTANG HDP Date: 08th May 2016

Al-Tuwairki Tower, Khobar-Dammam Highway Ref. Job No.: GCL1/7183JO/14625/16
P. O. Box 3863, AL-KHOBAR 31952, KSA
T+966 13 866 3963 & M+966 50 013 9025
E Ahmed.AlHatem@mustanghdp.com

Attention: MR. AHMED AL-HATEM

Project Manager

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Subject: UNDERGROUND UTILITY MAPPING SURVEY REPORT FOR THE PROJECT BI-

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10-02399, YANBU DISTRIBUTION HUB, YANBU, KINGDOM OF SAUDI
ARABIA
Dear Sir,

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We are submitting herewith our GPR report on Underground Utility Mapping Survey for BI-10-
02399, YANBU Distribution Hub which was executed between 04th April 2016 and 29th of April
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2016 for your review and reference.

This report presents the methodology, collection of data, analysis, interpreting, mapping and
plotting of field survey.
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Should there be any questions regarding the contents on this report, please call us at your most
convenient time.
Very truly yours,
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For GULF CONSULT Prepared by:

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SAID G. MIKHAEL CRIS V. CALVELO

General Manager Survey Controller

BERN RAMOS
PM, Survey Division

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Geotechnical Division: E-Mail: geotech@gulfconsult.com Website: www.gulfconsult.com

Head Office: P.O. Box 684-Al Khobar 31952 Tel: +966 3 8944468 / 8955036 / 8949872 Fax: +966 3 8949015
Jubail Support Industry: P.O.Box 10113 – Jubail 31961 Tel: +966 3 3410018 Fax: +966 3 3410017
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INTRODUCTION
GULF CONSULT was commissioned by MUSTANG HDP for the execution of Underground
Utility Mapping Survey for the project BI-10-02399, YANBU Distribution Hub, Kingdom of Saudi
Arabia. The project site as shown in figure 1 is located about 300km North of JEDDAH. Its
geographic location is 23° 57' 40.38” North Latitude and 38° 18' 45.44” East Longitude.

The objective of this survey work is to locate any suspected underground utilities within the
survey limit that are existed within the area which may obstruct and affect the Project.

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Figure 1: Exhibits the location of project site in YANBU, KSA

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SCOPE OF WORK

This scope calls for non-destructive underground utility mapping survey for the project BI-10-
023996, YANBU Distribution Hub to detect and locate the suspected u/g utilities, cables, and
pipelines including buried objects such as concrete ducts, substructures, leftover construction
materials and among others.

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Figure 2: Shows the project route plan for underground detection survey in YANBU.

Field work was performed by setting out the GPR survey limit with typical 5m x 5m grid to map
out underground anomaly based on the given drawing and location which was issued by the
Client.

The site was surveyed, measured, recorded and plotted for underground utility mapping survey.
These include the natural & man-made aboveground objects pertaining to underground utilities
within the area of survey.

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The project focused on using GROUND PENETRATING RADAR (GPR) to scan the subsurface
profile at a maximum depth of 4 meters. At the request of the CLIENT, the WORKS were
performed by scanning the ground surface on typical 5m x 5m grids around the project locations
in YANBU, KSA.
The data collected from the field equipment along with visual observations have been analyzed,
interpreted and reported.

METHODOLOGY

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The underground survey is divided into four (4) major phases:
• Phase 1: Pre-survey Planning;

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• Phase 2: Field Data Collection;
• Phase 3: Processing and Interpretation; and
• Phase 4: Review and Reporting;
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Phase 1: The relevant surface, subsurface information and drawings of the project site
have been collected from the client for reviewing and reference. The project
areas being surveyed were set into smaller, more manageable section.
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Designated labels were attached to each sub-area and were provided to the
field crew along with required grid densities. Any critical area identified by the
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client were earmarked for more stringent subsurface investigation such as but
not limited to denser grids and overlapping sub-area.
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Phase 2: Using on-site temporary benchmarks, the crew marked the pre-
established sub-areas and grids. These marks were used as guides for
GPR scanning and RD survey. Data collected by the GPR were
recorded as digital files and sent to GULF CONSULT experienced
engineers for processing and interpretation.

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Figure 2a: Exhibits the 400MHz Utility Scan and Radio Detection device.

The GPR utilized by GULF CONSULT operates using a 400 MHz antenna that

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transmits polarized pulses of electromagnetic energy in every traversed meter
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into the subsurface. The reflected energy is then recorded as a digital profile of
the subsurface. Data collected by the GPR can be comprehensively investigated
and interpreted in the office. While radio detection device operates in the
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microwave part of the radio freq spectrum and it was used to detect the
position of metal objects only.
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Phase 3: Starts with processing the data collected by the field crew including that from
GPR digital files, field notes, and visual observations. Processed data were then
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run through a thorough interpretation procedure whereby suspected

Underground Utilities (UGUs) are identified, confirmed through exhaustive
examination of scanned profiles, and then peer reviewed by an experienced
engineer.

Phase 4: Review and Reporting. The final step of this survey reexamines the
interpretation of the field data and details its findings. This report along with
drawings developed by CAD experts is submitted to the CLIENT.

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PRINCIPLES OF GPR
The GPR method uses electromagnetic (radar) pulses that are directed into the ground
from an antenna. Reflections of these pulses from subsurface features are produced
where there is a contrast between the electrical properties of subsurface objects, such as
fractures, voids, and caverns, and the surrounding soil. The reflected electromagnetic
pulses are received by the antenna, converted into an electric signal, and recorded by the
GPR unit. The GPR unit compiles these pulses to produce a cross-section or profile image
of the subsurface beneath the path of the antenna, Figure 3. GPR technology is useful in

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detecting suspected anomalies/utilities such as metallic pipes, cables, and liquid-filled

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PVC pipes.

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PIPE

Figure 3: GPR Concepts

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DATA ACQUISITION
EQUIPMENT

All GPR data were collected under the foundation with a control unit and an antenna
(transmitter and receiver) with central frequency of 400 MHz as shown in Figure 4.

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Figure 4: Ground Penetrating Radar Equipment with Control Unit & Antenna
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GPR SURVEYING LINES ARRANGEMENT & ACQUIRED DATA

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GPR investigation has been carried out for the underground utility mapping survey in
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Saudi Aramco project BI-1-02399, YANBU Distribution Hub, KSA. When the site

preparation and its surrounding area have been completed, these lines were
established as profile lines for GPR scan.

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FIELD DATA COLLECTION

Data collected by the GPR equipment at the field, as shown in Figure 5 were recorded
on digital files and were sent to the experienced engineers of GULF CONSULT for
filtering, processing, data analysis and strict interpretation.

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Figure 5: Survey crew personnel scanning along the profile line using the GPR & RD
Equipment with control unit, survey wheel & antenna

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DATA PROCESSING AND VISUALIZATION

GPR data were filtered, processed, analyzed and interpreted by experienced engineers
using GPR software, shown below.

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Figure 6: GPR data are being processed by GPR Software
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Figure 7: Shows geophysical experts & engineers who are involved in GPR data analysis
GPR processed data are then produced into images where anomalies are being
investigated for the possibility of presence of underground utilities. This procedure
involves reprocessing and filtering to remove the unwanted noises for a better
understanding of GPR images.

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RESULTS

Careful interpretation of processed GPR scan images revealed underground utilities

which crisscrossed the proposed delineated sections in the YANBU Distribution Hub,
KSA. These are marked as having suspected underground utilities or some unknown
anomalies with varying depths from 0.30m ~ 1.80m below the ground surface.
However, numbers of expected underground lines and unknown objects were
delineated on the survey drawing which were based on the field condition. These

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unknown objects could be debris, boulders or left-over of construction materials.

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These suspected & expected underground utilities at the surveyed area are
presented in APPENDIX 3: CAD DRAWINGS

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CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

After strict processing of the collected data with filtering in the radar analyzer, there are
underground anomalies/parabolas that can be concluded as having possible presence of
utilities. These can be metallic pipes, cables, rebar or unidentified metallic or non-
metallic objects which are present in the actual site.
The illustration in Figure 8 below shows a sample of GPR profile excerpt taken from
actual site. This profile shows number of suspected underground utilities. Data acquired

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from the site were collected, filtered, analyzed and interpreted to visualize and trace the
interconnection of these suspected underground utilities within the surveyed section.

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SUSPECTED UGUs from

0.30m~1.00m depth
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Figure 8: Shows the actual GPR image of suspected underground anomalies in the site

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It is imperative to know and identify that UGU’s are categorized into two: suspected
and expected underground utilities. Suspected UGUs are those which were detected by
non-destructive testing methods. Expected UGUs are those that are not detected but are
predicted to exist due to visual field condition.

The deepest underground utility suspected is 1.80m and the shallowest is 0.30m. In
order to confirm the presence of underground objects or utilities, it is highly

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recommended to apply exploratory 1.2m x 1.2m slit hand excavation.

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LIMITATIONS

GULF CONSULT has provided the latest technologies and services to its client.
However, for every technology, there are corresponding technical limitations which are
present, and some are as follows:

1. The maximum depth of observation is 4m below ground surface in ideal

subsurface conditions.

2. Underground anomalies located in soils of high moisture content, wet clay/shale,

below the groundwater table, contaminated soils and/or highly conductive soil

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conditions are difficult to detect due to high salinity of the subsoil.

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3. UGUs will be detected to within ±0.5m on the horizontal scale and ±0.3m on the
vertical scale.

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4. Material type and diameter of the UGUs cannot be determined from the collected
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data.

5. UGUs made on non-metallic material such as but not limited to fiberglass, fiber
optic cable and PVC are difficult to detect. If the utilities transport liquids such as
water or hydrocarbons during the scanning process, the possibility of detecting
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them is increased.

6. UGUs located under metal targets (e.g. underground storage tanks) cannot be
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detected; and

7. Aboveground structures or obstructions (e.g. fences, posts, buildings, etc.) will

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impede the ability to scan the surface to within 1.0m from the structure.

8. Operating communication gadget or heavy equipment interferes with GPR

images.

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REFERENCES

• BI-10-02399, YANBU DISTRIBUTION HUB, Scope of Work for Underground

Utilities Survey, drawing no.: SOW-CI-101, sheet 1-11, revision C.

• Standard Guide for Using Surface Ground Penetrating Radar Method for
Subsurface Investigation, ASTM D6432-99 (2005)

• Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc., User’s Manual for SIR system-3000

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BI-10-02399: YANBU DISTRIBUTION HUB

YANBU, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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APPENDIX 1: ISSUED DRAWING
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Figure 9 shows the location plan for item #1

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Figure 10 exhibits the location plan for item #2

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Figure 11 displays the location plan for item #3

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Figure 12 shows the location plan for item #4
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Figure 13 exhibits the location plan for item #5

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BI-10-02399: YANBU DISTRIBUTION HUB

YANBU, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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APPENDIX 2: GPR PROFILE IMAGES
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Suspected UGU @ 1.0m depth Suspected UGU @ 1.0m depth
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Suspected U/G Utility @ 1.0m depth Suspected UGU @ 1.1m depth

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Suspected UGU @ 0.9m depth Suspected UGU @ 0.3m depth
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Suspected UGU @ 0.3m depth Suspected Obj. @ 0.5m depth

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Suspected OBJ. @ 0.7m depth Suspected UGU @ 1.5m depth
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Suspected UGU @ 0.6m depth Suspected UGU @ 0.9m depth

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BI-10-02399: YANBU DISTRIBUTION HUB

YANBU, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

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APPENDIX 3: CAD DRAWINGS
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CAD Drawings

Underground utility mapping/drawing was prepared based on the collection of data,

processing, analysis and interpretation of data including the present site condition. The
presentation of the underground utilities, objects and other traced anomalies are
reflected in the survey drawing.

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