Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Marathi Tarnslation
Marathi Tarnslation
My father's name is Gour Sundar Sarkar - सससससस सससससससस ससस ससस ससससस ससससस ससस
My mother's name is Sipra Sarkar - सससससस सससस ससस सससससस ससससस ससस
There are four members in our family- सससससस सससससससस ससस ससससस
सससस
Long time no see - ससस सससससस ससससस सससस (khup divasāt bhetalo nāhi)
What's your name? सससस ससस ससस ससस? (tujha nāv kāy āhe) inf
सससस ससस ससस ससस? (āpale nāv kāy āhe) frm
My name is ... सससस ससस ... ससस(māzha nāv ... āhe)
Where are you from? ससस ससससस सससस? (āpaṇ kōthale āhāt?)
I'm from ... ससससस ...ससस सससस (amhi ... hun āhot) m
सस ...ससस ससस (mi ...hun āhe) f
Pleased to meet you सससससससस ससससस सससस सससस (tumhālā bhetūn ānanda jhālā)
Please speak more slowly ससससस ससस ससस सससस (kṛupayā jarā haḷu bolā)
Do you speak Marathi? सससससससस ससससस ससससस सससस सस?(tumhāīā marāṭī boltā yete kā?)
Yes, a little सस, सससस सससस(ho, thode yete)
New Year greetings सससस ससससससससस ससससससस सससससससस(navīn varṣācyā hārdik śubhecchā)
Since time unknown, people have been possessive with the things they belong . ( Hey , This is my cave and
my wife …..you go away ) . Who doesn’t like claiming an ownership over things around us ? We use possessive
adjecitve for this purpose . English has only one first person possessive adjective “ My “. Marathi has 3 – सससस
,सससस ,सससस . Hindi has 3 –सससस ,सससस ,सससस
सससस , सससस , सससस = सससस , सससस , सससस = My
Your introduction in Marathi
As the picture tells us, the suffix of the verb is different for masculine and feminine gender. For masculine: all
verbs in present tense end with “सस” and for feminine: all verbs end with “सस”.
Introduction (Male) :
Describing others in Marathi
सस = You, सस= He,सस = She,सस = It
and
सससस is used when you are describing a Masculine object and “सससस” while describing a feminine
object. This has 1:1 correspondence with सस / सस of Hindi.
Telling who “WE” are in
Marathi
The accompanying verb has to modify itself for plural pronouns. Lets see this with examples.
” ससस ” is a “Be” verb in Marathi.It is like “is” and ” am” of English. More can be read here : Be verbs in
Marathi.
Simple it is, but a slight modification is there when you will use “ससस” for plural form of pronouns. In
English, we would say, We are Indian,You are Indian and They are Indian. The grammar rule tells us to
use “are” for all plural form of pronouns. However the Marathi be verb “ससस” takes a suffix behind
depending on the person you are describing.
“ससससस सससस ” and ” सससससस सससस “.
Our-Your-Their
Telling your “Daily Routine” in
Marathi
Welcome to the very first class on ” Introduction to Marathi verbs”. Let’s learn Marathi verbs in present tense first.
Verbs show action. They show what main actor of your sentence is doing or what is happening around him.
The main actor (noun) of this sentence is doing the action of “eating”.
The root verb here is ” To eat”. The root form is called infinitive form.
In English the infinitive of a verb is always ‘to ___’, i.e to read, to speak, to walk etc. No matter which tense you are talking in,the infinitive form remains same. It is
the main identity of the verb.This form takes a different suffix in different tenses. Like in present tense ,to eat is used as “eat” , in past tense it becomes “ate” and in
continuous tense it becomes “eat-ing”. Marathi is no different.The infinitive form of verb ends with “सस”. For example : सस-सस (to wake ) , सस-सस(to eat) etc.
Very similar to Hindi सस-सस or सस-सस.
This infinitive form of the verb will take different suffixes in different tenses. In present tense, you say ” सस सस-सस ( I wake up) or “सस सस-सस” (I eat) . The use of
suffix ” सस-सस-सस depends upon the gender of actor of your sentence. e.g. ” सससस सस-सस ” & ” सससस सस-सस”.
Lets study only those Marathi verbs first which can be used in your day-to-day life.
Telling ” What you are doing
now ” in Marathi
What do you do when you convert a sentence in simple present tense in English into a present continuous tense ?
If the sentence is ” Ajay verb snakes ” . To make it into present continuous, you use a ” be verb ” and put -ing behind the verb.
If the initial format is ” Ajay + verb + snakes ” it becomes ” Ajay + be verb + verb-ing + snakes.
As shown in the picture, “सससस” becomes “सससस ससस”. similarly सससस becomes सससस ससस.
Lets read the following sentences to get the more clear picture.
Transitivity of Marathi verbs
Before you move to the past tense , you must know the concept of ” transitivity of verbs “. English lack it
but Hindi has it. If you speak Hindi regularly, knowingly or unknowingly you are using it.
1) I ran
2) I ate
1) A :I ran.
B : What ?
It is meaningless. There is no answer for this stupid question. In this case, the verb ” RUN ” is called an
intransitive verb.
2)A :I ate.
B : What ?
A :A Pizza
Now the question is, what is so great being a transitive verb ? Why do I have to bother about them?
The answer is, in past tense, transitive verbs have to listen to the objects present in the sentence.
In present tense:
“To wake” is an intransitive verb since asking “WHAT” to above sentences is meaningless.
For all intransitive verbs : -सस becomes -सस and -सस becomes -सस in past tense.
सस सससस-सस (I stop) -> सस सससस-सस (I stopped) and सस सससस-सस -> सस सससस-सस
In present tense:
This is wrong Marathi.People will laugh and tell you to visit mindurmarathi.com regularly.
Unlike intransitive verbs, transitive verbs obey to the object and not the subject.
Transitive verbs will obey to the object : Snake ,not the Subject : Ajay.
If the gender of the object is masculine , then verb takes the suffix -सस , if feminine then suffix-सस and if
plural then it takes suffix -सस
To talk is Talk-ed
To walk is Walk-ed
To Poke is Pok-ed.
Marathi is no different. You put –सस/सस behind the verb in present tense.Now you have to attach suffix –
सस/सस behind the root form of the Marathi verb to make it work in the past tense. This suffix as usual
depends upon the gender you are referring.
A boy would say verb-सस/सस
All these above rules apply for intransitive verbs. Visit the lesson “the theory of transitivity” to know what are
transitive and intransitive verbs.
Enough with the theory lets learn a few more verbs and their past tense form.
Past tense in Marathi (
Transitive verbs)
We know the difference between transitive and intransitive verbs. This was covered in the chapter
” Theory of transitivity“.
Previous chapter we dealt with the intransitive verbs:those verbs which do not consider the presence of
an object in a sentence.
Now lets study some transitive verbs and their use in the Past tense.
Transitive verbs listen to the object in a sentence; not to the subject. Lets see this with an example.
The verb सस-सस is listening to the objects in the sentences. It is independent whether Ramesh is eating
or Rani is eating. It is rather dependent on what you are eating. If you are eating an Masculine object, the
it takes the suffix -सस and if feminine then it takes the suffix -सस. For neuter or plural suffix -सस is used.
Now lets study some commonly used transitive verbs and their usage in the past tense.
Past tense III
Lets learn a few more rules related to transitive verbs in Past tense
Pronouns or nouns remain in their original form when you use for intransitive verbs in the past tense.
But the scene is entirely different for transitive verbs. Lets take our favorite transitive verb: To eat
GRAMMAR
Marathi Pronouns – I
Marathi Pronouns –II
Singular
Object pronouns
There are two types of pronouns. Subject pronouns and Object pronouns.
The above sentences have one object: Snake. Snake doesn’t do anything. It only receives action from
Ajay. The role of an object is to receive actions from the subject.
Now, as we know, pronoun is a word that substitutes for a noun in a sentence. Lets read above
sentences by substituting pronouns in place of nouns.
Ajay being a subject noun got replaced with a subject pronoun : He.
Snake being an object noun got replaced with an object pronoun : Them.(Not they)
Me,you,him,her,it,them,us are all object pronouns in English. In Marathi also, object form of a pronoun
look different from its subject form.
“सस” doesn’t stay “सस”. It becomes “ससस”. All marathi pronouns in their object form look same like what
they are in subject form except they all get a suffix “सस” behind them.
Tenses – I
Tenses II
Present continuous tense
Questions ?
Pre/Post positions
Adjectives in Marathi
Adjectives are those words which describe nouns. You are familiar with English adjectives : small, big , tall , short etc. There is a slight difference between English
adjectives and Marathi adjectives. English adjectives do not modify themselves for the noun they describe.
For example, 1)Big girl, Big girls.
2)Big boy, Big boys.
The adjective “Big” stays unchanged with the gender as well as the multiplicity of the noun.
In Marathi, this rule is slightly different.
There are two types of adjectives in Marathi. Inflecting adjectives and non-inflecting adjectives. Let us go through each one of them in detail.
Inflecting adjectives.
Inflecting adjectives change itself to agree with the noun that follows it. Consider following sentences.
Non-inflecting adjectives.
These adjectives don’t care about the gender or multiplicity of the noun. They stay as it is; just like English adjectives.
See following sentences :
Conjunctions & Fillers
Cases in Marathi
In grammar, case relates noun or pronoun to the verb present in a sentence. In order to do that, noun or pronoun is distorted/inflected to match with the action of
the verb.
for example
1. ससस ससससस. (Ram kills)
2. सससससस ससससस. (Ram killed)
3. सससससस ससससससस ससससस. (Ram killed Ravana)
4. सससससस ससससससस सससससस ससससस.(Ram killed Ravana by an arrow)
The highlighted letters are called case endings that show how subject or object is altered to relate itself to the action. Indian languages including Hindi have ways
of altering subjects or objects to mark roles which are not there in English. If you are a Hindi speaker, knowingly or unknowingly you are using it. Marathi case
endings and Hindi case endings look very similar.
To
From
Can is an auxiliary verb.Marathi equivalent of can is “सस-सस” similar to “सस-सस” in Hindi. However, when you want to say ” I can do it” in Marathi, you have to
do one more task apart from putting “सस-सस/सस/ससस” in the sentence. You have to put the sound of “oooooo” or “स” behind the root form of the verb.
The sentence becomes what it is shown in the picture : सस (root verb) + स सस-सस/सस.
सस (सस) + स सस-सस/सस.
सस ससस सस-सस/सस.
The root verb ” सस” becomes “ससस”, “ससस” becomes “सससस” and “सस” becomes ” ससस”.
Read the following table to quickly learn the use of ” Can” in Marathi
If you want to make a question using “Can”. It is very very simple .All you have to do is to put ” सस” behind the sentence.
I like….
Answering to the question
“When?”
Telling “When Your Birthday
is” in Marathi……..
Up and Down
Asking for directions in
Marathi II
-Colors-
Conversation :
Adjectives are inflected to match with the gender.
Adjectives are further inflected when used to describe a noun with a preposition.
for example : सससस सससस (Nile aakash) = blue sky
सससससस सससससस.(Nilyaa aakaashat)= In the blue sky
Numerals-
You must know the inflecting and non-inflecting adjectives before moving ahead into this lesson
-Size and Quantities-
-Food and Taste-
-Appearance-
Requests
Orders