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CMYK

14 •ÝÝíÎ[¿Ý •ÎÝÝíÅÝ
Sandesh RAJKOT SUNDAY, 23•06•2019

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31,000 Âè©¿Ýâ ŒšÝ݇ ÒÝÊâÊ¿ÝÝ „^•ÝÝíÇÝÝ^

ÅÝ¿ÝÝÑÝÑÝÝ¿Ýâ ÑÝñ¤ÝÝÞ¿ÝüÝí¿Ýâ ²ÝñÈÝÝÊâ


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„ݲÝ^üâ ×æÇÝÎÝÝí µÝÈÝÝí ײÝÝí µÝÒÝí ƒ ÖÝ^ÒÝÝí¾ÝüÝí
23 œè¿Ý, 1985¿ÝÝ ÊÝíœ „íÊ ‡Þ¿[ÈÝÝ¿ÝÝ

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ÇÝÝíÞ¿©øÈÝÎݵÝâ ÎÝ^[¿Ý µÝ‡ ¿ÝÑÝâ Þ¶Î×â „ÝÑÝ¿ÝÝÊ ÞÑÝÇÝÝ¿Ý
„ݲÝ^üâ ×æÇÝÎÝÝ¿Ýæ^ ÞÒÝüÝÊ µÝÈÝæ^ ײÝæ.^ 9,400 ÇÝâ©Ê
„í©ÎÝí üí 31,000 Âè©¿Ýâ ŒšÝ݇ ÁÝÊ „Ý ÞÑÝÇÝÝ¿ÝÇÝÝ^
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ÖÝÊÆÝÊ üÊÑÝÝ œí šÝâ¿Ý¿Ýâ „íü×µµÝ^æ ÖݳÝÝ „^•Ýí
›í, œí ×ÝÎÝÇÝÝ^ üÝ^‡ ×ÏÑÝæ^ µÝÝÈÝ „íÇÝ ÎÝݕݲÝæ^ ÖÝÇÝÈÝ•ÝÝÏÝí ÎÝÝ^ÅÝÝí ×ÝíÈÝ ²ÝÝí, ²Ýí ÅÝâ| ÞÑÝÓÑÝ ÈÝæ¹ šÝâ¿Ý¿ÝÝí ÁÝ[üÝÊ ¦âÎÝâ ÊÜÝæ^ œ±ÝÝÈÝ ›í. „µÝÑÝÝ ²ÝÝí „íÑÝæ^ ÁÝ±Ý ÅÝ¿Ýâ ÒÝüí üí šÝâ¿Ý „íü ÞÎÝÞÅÝÈÝÝ „¿Ýí „Â˜ÝÝÞ¿ÝÖ²ÝÝ¿ÝÇÝÝ^ ”ÝšÝÝùÏ „¿Ýí ÞšÝ^²ÝÝ ÊݔݲÝÝ ×ÝíÈÝ „íÑÝÝ „¿ÈÝ ¶íÒÝÝí ÖÝݵÝí ²Ýí¿Ýâ
¿ÝµÝâ. „íü ÇÝæ¸í ÅÝ^¿Ýí ÅÝÝœæ„Ýí ÖÝ×ÇÝ²Ý ›í üí ²Ýí„Ýí ÅÝݶ „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ „¿Ýí ÖÝÝíÞÑÝÈÝí²Ý ÖÝ^˜Ý ÑÝššÝí ‹ÆÝÝ Þ¿ÝÕÂÏ ÈÝæ¹ÇÝÝ^ ÅÝÏœÅÝÊâÁÝèÑÝùü¿Ýâ ÖݳÝÝ¿Ýâ ÆÝÝ•Ýâ¶ÝÊâ ÇÝœÅÝè²Ý üÊí. šÝâ¿Ý ÆÝÝʲݿÝí ÖÝݵÝâ
ÆÝèÊÝœüâÈÝ ÖÁݾÝÝùÇÝÝ^ ÂÖÝÝÈÝíÎÝÝ ›í „¿Ýí ²Ýí¿ÝÝí µÝÈÝíÎÝÝ ÖÝ^˜ÝÕÝùµÝâ „ÎÝ•Ý ü‡ Êâ²Ýí ×Ýí‡ ÒÝüí ? ÞÅÝ¿ÝÞÑÝÑÝÝÞ¶²Ý ÑÝÝÊÖݶÝÊ ²ÝÊâüí ×ÝÎÝ¿Ýâ ÖݶâÇÝÝ^ „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿Ýæ^ ÖµÝÝ¿Ý Î݇ ÎÝí ÇÝÈÝÝù¶Ý ÖÁÝÕ© œ±Ý݇ „ÝÑÝâ ›í. šÝâ¿Ý ÁÝ±Ý ÅÝ¿ÝÝÑÝÑÝÝ ¿ÝœÊ üʲÝæ^ ¿ÝµÝâ. „í œ ÁÝèʲÝæ^ ›í üí
‰üíÎÝ Þ¿ÝàÑÝÑÝݶ „íü üí ÅÝâ|¿ÝÝ ÁÝ÷ÆÝæ²ÑÝ ÖÝݵÝí 2030ÇÝÝ^ „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿ÝÝ ¡[âÁÝâ¿Ýí šÝâ¿Ý ¢ÈÝÝÊí ¶ÝÑÝÝ¿Ýâ ÅÝ×ÝÊ ÁÝ•ÝÊ±Ý ÇÝÝ^[ÉÝ ›í, ²ÈÝÝÊí ÆÝÝÊ²Ý ²Ýí¿Ýâ ÞÑÝÊÝí¾Ýâ²ÝÝ¿Ýæ^ ÖÝݵÝâ ¿Ý×ã ÅÝ¿Ýâ ÒÝüí.
„ÝÑÝÒÝí. ÇÝæ”ÈÝ ÖݳÝÝ„Ýí¿Ýæ^ ¦èÇÝ”ÝÝ¿Ýæ^ ÇÝÝÏ”Ýæ^ „Ý^ÅÝâ œÒÝí „íÇÝ ÎÝÝ•Ýí ›í, ²ÈÝÝÊí „ÝàµÝü ÇÝÝíÊšÝí šÝâ¿Ýí ÁÝ±Ý ÞÑÝÊÝí¾Ýâ ÁÝÑÝ¿Ý ÖÝÝÇÝí ¦ãü ¦âÎÝÑÝâ ÁÝ[â „í ÆÝÝʲݿÝí „¿ÝæüÏ è ×ÝíÑÝæ^ |퇄í.
¿ÝÅÝÏæ^ ×ÝíÑÝÝ¿ÝÝ ÇÝæ¸í ÅÝ×æ¾Ý÷Þæ ÑÝÈݲÝÝ ÈÝÝí•ÈÝ ›í, „í |í‡„í ²ÝÝí šÝâ¿Ý „¿Ýí „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ ÎÝ•ÝÆÝ•Ý ›í, ²ÝíµÝâ „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ- šÝâ¿Ý¿ÝÝ ÖÝ^˜ÝÕÝù¿ÝÝí ÁÝ[›ÝÈÝÝí „ÝÁݱÝÝ ÖÝÇÝüÝÎÝâ¿Ý ÞÑÝÓÑÝÇÝÝ^ „ÝÁݱÝí
ÁÝ±Ý ÖÑÝâüÝÈÝù ¿ÝµÝâ, ÁÝÊ^²Ýæ 1815ÇÝÝ^ ÞÑÝÈÝí¿ÝÝ „íüÅÝâ|¿Ýí ÇÝϲÝÝ „ÝÑÝí ›í.üêÞ´ÝÇÝ ÅÝæÞ¹, ÁÝÝ›ÎÝÝ ÒÝâ²ÝÈÝ湿Ýâ œ[ ü«ÝíʲÝÝ ÖÝݵÝí „¿ÈÝ ÇÝÝí©Ý ÆÝÝ•Ý¿ÝÝ œí ÁÝ[üÝÊÝí ¦âÎÝâ„í ›â„í, ²Ýí
”ÝݲÝí¿Ýâ üÝî•Ý÷Öí ÝÇÝÝ^ ÈÝæÊÝíÞÁÝÈÝ¿Ý ÇÝÝÏ”Ýæ^ œí Êâ²Ýí ~ÑÝÝí¿©ÇÝ üÇÁÈÝæß©•Ý „¿Ýí „í[ÑÝÝ…¿Ö[ … ²ÝÇÝÝÇÝ ÖÝÅÝ^¾ÝÝí ÁÝÊ ÁÝ[ÒÝí ¿Ý×ã. üæ¶Ê²Ýâ Êâ²Ýí ÞÑÝÊÝí¾ÝÝÆÝÝÖÝâ „¿Ýí ÁÝÞÊÇÝݱÝÇÝÝ^
•ÝÝí«ÑÝÝÈÝæ^ ›í, ²Ýí¿Ýâ œ ÖÝÇÝüÝÎÝâ¿Ý „ÝÑÝêÞ³Ý „íÑÝæ^ ÎÝí~©øÝÞí ¿Ý~ÖÝ œíÑÝâ ¿ÝÑÝâ ©íü¿û ÝÝíÎÝÝí¡ “Ýí´ÝÝíÇÝÝ^ ÑÝÝ[¿Ýâ „íü ÅÝÝœæ Ê×íÑÝæ^ üí ÅÝâ¡ ÅÝÝœæ ²Ýí¿Ýâ ÑÝñÞÓÑÝü ›í. ²Ýí Â~²Ý ÊÝÕ©øâÈÝ ÁÝ÷ÈÝÝÖݵÝâ ‰üíÎÝâ
ÞÖµÝÊ „Ý^²ÝÊÊÝÕ©øâÈÝ ÇÝÝÏ”Ýæ^ ›í. ÆÝÝÊí ÊÝíüÝ±Ý üÊâ¿Ýí šÝâ¿Ý „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿Ýâ ÁÝÖÝ^¶•Ýâ¿Ýâ ÇÝݕݱÝâÇÝÝ^ ÆÝÝʲÝí ÁÝ÷Þ²ÝüÝÊ üÊÑÝÝÇÝÝ^ ÒÝüÝÈÝ „íÇÝ ¿ÝµÝâ. ÇÝæ”ÈÝ ÖݳÝÝ„Ýí ½ÝÊÝ
„íÑÝâ „Ý•ÝÝ×â üÊ݇ ײÝâ üí „Ý ¿ÝÑÝâ ©íü¿û ÝÝíÎÝÝí¡üÎÝ ÒÝÞ~²Ý¿Ýí ÁÝ±Ý „Ý^ÅÝâ œÒÝí „íÇÝ ÖÝÂϲÝÝ ÇÝíÏÑÝÑÝâ |퇄í üíÇÝüí „²ÈÝÝÊí ²ÝÝí ÑÝÝ[ ޿ݶïÞÒÝ²Ý „Ý^²ÝÊÊÝÕ©øâÈÝ ÁÝ÷Þ²ÝÆÝÝÑÝÇÝÝ^ ÊÝÕ©ø
„ÝÑÝêÞ³Ý „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿ÝÝí üÝÈÝÝüÎÁÝ üÊÒÝí. „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ ÎÝÝ•Ýí ›í ©íü¿û ÝÝíÎÝÝí¡üÎÝ “ÝÇݲÝÝ ÆÝÎÝí ÁÝ÷ÆÝÝÑÝü ÁÝÝí²Ýí œ ”ÝÊÝÅÝ „¿Ýí ÅݶÎÝݲÝâ Ê×í ›í. ÆÝÝʲݿÝÝ ÖÝÝÇÝíÎÝ µÝ‡ ÒÝüí ¿Ý×ã. ~ÎÝÝ…ÇÝí© šÝí¿œ,
ÒÝâ²Ý ÈÝæ¹üÝÏÇÝÝ^ ÖÝÝíÞÑÝÈÝí²Ý ÖÝ^˜Ý¿ÝÝí ÁÝ[üÝÊ ×²Ýâ, ÁÝÊ^²Ýæ ÖÝÝíÞÑÝÈÝí²Ý ÖÝ^˜Ý¿ÝÝí ¡[âÁÝâ „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿ÝÝ ÞײÝÝí „íü üʲÝÝ^ ÑݾÝæ ÖÝÅÝ^¾ÝÝí¿ÝÝ ÑݲÝæÏ
ù Ýí¿Ýí „Ý•ÝÏ ÑÝñÞÓÑÝü „ÝÊÝí•ÈÝ ÇÝ×ÝÇÝÝÊâ, ÖÝÝÈÝÅÝÊ ÞÑÝÓÑÝ¿ÝÝí
¦âÎݲÝæ^ ײÝæ,^ „í Êâ²Ýí ×ÝÎÝÇÝÝ^ šÝâ¿Ý¿ÝÝí ÁÝ[üÝÊ ¡[âÁÝâ¿ÝÝ 40 ©üݵÝâ ~ÈÝÝÊíÈÝ ÑݾÈÝÝí ¿ÝµÝâ, ²ÝíµÝâ ÑݾÝÝÊÑÝÝ ÇÝÝ©í „ÖÁÝÕ© ÆÝèÊÝœüâÈÝ ÞÖµÝ޲ݿÝí „Þ¿ÝÈÝ^Þ´Ý²Ý ÞÑÝüÝÖÝ, ÅÝÝÈÝÝí ©íüû¿ÝÝíÎÝÝí¡ „¿Ýí
¦âÎÝâ ÊÜÝæ^ œ±ÝÝÈÝ ›í. „µÝÑÝÝ ²ÝÝí „íÑÝæ^ ÁÝ±Ý ÅÝ¿Ýâ ²Ýí „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿Ýí „Ý^ÅÝâ ÒÝ~ÈÝæ^ ¿Ý ײÝæ.^ ÑݾÝæÇÝÝ^ ¢ÈÝÝÊí „¿ÝæÍÁÝ ¿ÝâÞ²Ý ˜Ý[ÑÝâ |퇄í. œè¿ÝÝ ÁÝèÑÝù - ÁÝÞ] „ÑÝüÝÒÝ “ÝÇݲÝÝ „¿Ýí ÖÝÝÇÝèÞ×ü ÞÑÝ¿ÝÝÒÝ¿ÝÝ
ÒÝüí üí šÝâ¿Ý „íü ÞÅÝ¿ÝÞÑÝÑÝÝÞ¶²Ý ÑÝÝÊÖݶÝÊ ²ÝÊâüí šÝâ¿Ý „¿Ýí „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ ÑÝššÝí •Ýݯ ÊÝíüÝ±Ý „¿Ýí ÇÝ, ‰³ÝÊ - ¶Þ“Ý±Ý œíÑÝÝ ÞÑÝÆÝÝœ¿Ý ×ÑÝí ÑݾÝæ¿Ýí ÒÝÖ´Ý„Ýí¿ÝÝ ÂíÎÝÝÑÝÝ œíÑÝÝ ÇÝݵÝí ¦Ïæ^ÅÝâ Ê×íÎÝÝ
×ÝÎÝ¿Ýâ ÖݶâÇÝÝ^ „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿Ýæ^ ÖµÝÝ¿Ý Î݇ ÎÝí. לæ ÑÈÝÝÁÝÝÊ ÖÝÅÝ^˜Ý ײÝÝ, ²Ýí ×ÑÝí ÅÝ^¿Ýí ÑÝššÝí ÑÈÝÝÁÝÝÊ ÑݾÝæ „ÁÝ÷Ö²Ýæ²Ý ÅÝ¿Ýâ •ÝÈÝÝ ›í üíÇÝüí ²Ýí„Ýí „Ýœí |í”ÝÇÝÝí¿ÝÝ ‰üíÎÝ ÒÝÝí¾ÝÝÈÝ „íÑÝâ ÖÝÇÝݿݲÝÝ¿ÝÝ
„í ÖÁݾÝÝù¿Ýæ^ ÁÝÞʱÝÝÇÝ „ÝÑݲÝÝ^ ÑÝÝÊ ÎÝÝ•Ýí, ÁÝ±Ý „¿Ýí ÊÝíüݱݿÝÝ ÖÝÅÝ^¾ÝÝí ÆÝÝ•ÈÝí œ Ê×íÒÝí, œí ÅÝ^¿Ýí ÁÝ±Ý „ÝÁݱÝâ ÞÑݶíÒÝ ¿ÝâÞ²Ý ‰ÁÝÊ ÁÝ÷ÆÝÝÑÝ ¾ÝÊÝÑÝí ÞÖݹÝ^²ÝÝí¿Ýí ÇÝÝ¿Ý „ÝÁÝí „íÑÝâ ÖÝ×ÇݲÝâ „¿Ýí
²ÈÝÝ^ ÖÝæ¾ÝâÇÝÝ^ ÞÑÝÓÑÝ ÅÝí¾Ý÷Ñæ ÝâÈÝ ÅÝ¿Ýâ Ê×â ÒÝüí. ¶íÒÝÝí ÇÝÝ©í ÇÝæÒüíÎÝ „¿Ýí ÁÝâ[ݶÝÈÝü ÅÝ¿Ýâ Ê×íÒÝí. ›í. „ÝÁݱݿÝí „íÑÝâ ÆÝÝ•Ýâ¶ÝÊâ¿Ýâ œÍÊ ›í, œí ÅÝ×æÁÝ“ÝâÈÝ ÁÝ÷Þ’ÈÝÝ ÁÝÊ „ݾÝÝÞÊ²Ý ÖÝ×üÝÊ¿ÝÝ
šÝâ¿Ý¿ÝÝ ÞÑÝÓÎÝíÕÝüÝí„í „íÑÝÝí ÑÈÝè× ˜Ý[â üݯÉÝí ›í „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿Ýâ œíÇÝ šÝâ¿Ý ÁÝÝÖÝí ÑÝñÞÓÑÝü Ö²ÝÊí ÑݾÝæ¿Ýí ÑݾÝæ ÇÝæ¸Ý „ݾÝÝÞÊ²Ý ×ÝíÑÝÝ ÖÝݵÝí ÆÝÝʲݿÝâ ÁÎÝí©ÂÝíÇÝù ½ÝÊÝ œ „í ÒÝ~ÈÝ ›í. ÅÝÏœÅÝÊâ
üí œíÇÝÝ^ šÝâ¿Ý ÒÝ̈́ݲÝÇÝÝ^ ÁÝÞ]ÇÝ ÁÝíÞÖÝÞÂü ÖÝݵÝâ„Ýí „¿Ýí ²Ýí¿ÝÝ µÝݱÝÝ ¿ÝµÝâ, ÁÝÊ^²Ýæ ÅÝíΩ „ÝàµÝü „¿Ýí ÖÝæÊ“ÝÝ¿ÝÝ ÞײݿÝí „Ý•ÝÏ ÑݾÝÝÊâ „Þ¿ÝÑÝÝÈÝù ›í, ÁÝÊ^²Ýæ ¶íÒÝ¿Ýâ ÑÝ•Ý ÑݾÝÝÊÑÝÝ ÇÝÝ©í
“Ýí´ÝÇÝÝ^ ÁÝÝí²ÝÝ¿Ýæ^ ÁÝ÷ÆÝæ²ÑÝ ÖµÝÝÁÝí „¿Ýí „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ¿Ýí „í¿[ ÊÝí[ …Þ¿ÝÞÖÝ„íÞ©ÑÝ µÝüâ ²Ýí ÑÝñÞÓÑÝü Ö²ÝÊí ²Ýí ÁÝ±Ý ²ÝÝ±Ý ×í«Ï ›í „¿Ýí ²Ýí¿ÝÝ ÁÝ•ÝÎÝÝ^ ×^ÇÝíÒÝÝ^ ÇÝ[Ý•ÝÝ^« šÝÝÎÝæ Ê×â ÒÝüí ›í. ÒÝæ^ „Ý ÇÝ[Ý•ÝÝ^« üí ÁÝíÎÝÝ ¶íÒÝÝíÇÝÝ^ ²Ýí¿ÝÝ üíÞ¿¼²Ý µÝÑÝÝ¿Ýí ÅݶÎÝí ÒÝüí „íÑÝâ ×ÝíÑÝâ |퇄í. „Ý ÖÝ^¶ÆÝï üí©ÎÝâü „í ÁÝèʲÝ⠿ݵÝâ. „Ý ÁÝ÷üÝÊ¿ÝÝ ÁÝ[üÝÊÝí¿Ýí
„Ý•ÝÏ ¾ÝüíÎݲÝÝ œ‡ , ÑÝñÞÓÑÝü ÁÝ÷ÆÝæ²ÑÝ ÖµÝÝÁÝ¿ÝÝ ÊšÝÑÝÝ ÇÝÝ•Ýí ›í, œí ÖÝÇÝÈÝ œ²ÝÝ^ ²Ýí¿ÝÝ ÇÝÝ©í „Ý‡ÁÝâ„íÖÝ„ÝÊÇÝÝ^ ¶ÒÝÝùÑÝíÎÝÝ ‰¸íÒÝ ÖÝݵÝí ÑÝñÞÓÑÝü Ö²ÝÊí ÑÈÝÝ”ÈÝÝÞÈÝ²Ý µÝÒÝí üí üí ÆÝÝÊ²Ý œíÑÝâ ×ÝÎÝ¿ÝÝ „Ý^²ÝÊÊÝÕ©øâÈÝ ÑÝÎݱݿÝâ ÎÝÝ“ÝÞ±Ýü²ÝÝ ÆÝÝ•Ýâ¶ÝÊâ„Ýí ÅÝâ| üʲÝÝ^ ÑݾÝæ ÇÝ׳ÑÝ¿Ýâ „¿Ýí „Ý^²ÝÊÊÝÕ©øâÈÝ ÁÝ÷Þ²ÝÆÝÝÑÝ „ÝÁÝÑÝÝÇÝÝ^ ¿Ýí²ÝÝ•ÝâÊâ
ÇÝÝ©í „Ý•ÝÏ ÑݾÝÒÝí. ÖÝæÊ“ÝÝ¿Ýæ^ ÁÎÝí©ÂÝíÇÝù ÅÝ¿Ýâ Ê×íÒÝí. ÊÞÒÝÈÝÝ¿Ýâ ÅÝ^¾ÝÅÝíÖݲÝÝ ×Ýí²ÝÝ ¿ÝµÝâ. ÞÑÝüÖݲÝâ ÖݳÝÝ¿Ýí ²ÝíÇÝ¿ÝÝ ÞײݿÝí „Ý•ÝÏ „Ý üí ²Ýí ¶íÒÝÇÝÝ^ üíÞ¿¼²Ý µÝÑÝÝ¿Ýí ÅݶÎÝí ÊÝœüâÈÝ, ÇÝèÎÈÝÑÝÝ¿Ý ×ÒÝí, ÁÝÊ^²Ýæ ²Ýí ÇÝÝ©í ÞÑÝÒÝíÕÝ ÅÝ¿Ýâ ÅÝÏæüâ ×ÝíÈÝ „í ÑݾÝæ œÍÊâ ›í.

û ÇÝíÞÊüÝ ½ÝÊÝ ÁÝ×íÎÝâ œè¿Ýí ÅÝ×ÝÊ ÁÝ[íÎÝÝ Þ×ÎÝšÝÝÎÝ šÝâ¿Ý ÖÝݵÝí |í[ݱݿÝâ ¿Ý¡ü ›í, œí ²ÝíµÝâ, „ÇÝíÞÊüÝ „¿Ýí šÝâ¿Ý¿ÝÝ ÖÝÅÝ^¾ÝÝí¿Ýæ^ ÑݾÝÝÊÑÝÝÇÝÝ^ ²Ýü ÇÝÏÒÝí ? „ÝàµÝü „¿Ýí ÖÝñ¿ÈÝ ÖݳÝÝÇÝÝ^ ÑÝ×îšÝÝÈÝíÎÝâ Ê×íÒÝí. Ê×íÑÝÝ¿Ýâ œÍÊ ¿ÝµÝâ. ÆÝÝÊ²Ý ÅݶÎݲÝÝ ÞÑÝÓÑÝ ÖÝÝÇÝí ¦¦èÇÝâ ÊÜÝæ^ ›í,
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Q…SX·FF¿F : ³FBÊX dQ»»Fe IYF¹FFÊ»F¹F : 23359961-62, ³FûEOXF IYF¹FFÊ»F¹F : 0120-3915800, E-mail: delhi@nda.jagran.com, R.N.I. No. DELHIN/2017/74721 * BXÀF AaIY ¸FZÔ ´FiIYFdVF°F ÀF¸FÀ°F ÀF¸FF¨FFSXûÔ IZY ¨F¹F³F E½Fa ÀFa´FFQ³F WZX°F„ ´Fe.AFSX.¶Fe. E¢MX IZY Aa°F¦FÊ°F CXØFSXQF¹FeÜ ÀF¸FÀ°F d½F½FFQ dQ»»Fe ³¹FF¹FF»F¹F IZY A²Fe³F WXe WXûÔ¦FZÜ WX½FFBÊX VF„»IY Ad°FdSX¢°FÜ
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Skewed relationship with power


daily news & analysis
Alternate Histories

Bhau Daji Lad adds Many precepts of feudalism colour Indian society & functioning of its organs, including the police
colours to Bombay It is not unusual to
find police person-
Makes important contributions to the growth of the city nel beating citizens.
A video of them
In one corner As mentioned earlier, he was a thrashing two Sikhs
of Byculla in scholar of Sanskrit and possessed a is currently doing
Mumbai stands huge collection of manuscripts in the rounds on social
the Bhau Daji Pali, Sanskrit and other languages. media. The clip be-
Lad Museum – His love for history and what we gins with the older
rechristened term today as ‘Indology’ was well Samir Nazareth Sikh chasing the
from its origi- known. A collector of coins and ar- police with a sword.
nal Albert & tefacts, Bhau Daji Lad traversed the When the police get hold of him and begin
Victoria Muse- length and breadth of India collect- thrashing him, the younger Sikh rams
Aneesh Gokhale um. Elsewhere, ing manuscripts and copper plate their vehicle into the police.
there are roads inscriptions and deciphered them. Given the varied roles and responsi-
and squares named after him; to Although a doctor by profession, he bilities of the police in India, one would
anyone in Mumbai, it is a familiar still presented scholarly papers at assume the powers that be would see val-
name. But who indeed was this Bhau the Bombay Asiatic Society on top- ue in training. Nationally, in 2014-15 only
Daji Lad? ics as varied as ancient Indian (San- 1.46% of police expenditure was on train-
Bhau Daji Lad, or to use his real skrit) numerals or genealogy of the ing.
name – Ram Krishna Lad was from Guptas! He was contributing to ar- Is this enough, given a police person-
a poor family based in Goa. Born in chaeology studies in India at a time nel’s work environment is a miasma of
1822, he moved to Mumbai (then when it was considered almost the their biases, languages, cultures, attitudes
Bombay) in 1832. Here, says an anec- sole preserve of Europeans! and socio-economic stratifications.
dote, his intelligence and prodigal Dr Bhau Daji Lad used his schol- Consider the impact of feudalism, Police passing out parade at Marol Training Camp in Mumbai  File photo
skills were noticed by the Governor arship to determine entire genealo- something difficult to wean a country off
of Bombay at a chess tournament! It gies and also deciphered the age in in a few decades of democracy. Many pre- those who have it. Simultaneously, they gratified by this form of instant justice?
was no less than the Bombay Gover- which poet Kalidas lived. From Jain cepts of feudalism continue to colour In- are pragmatic enough to see the benefits There is another reason for such vio-
nor who encouraged his father to Pattavalis to cave inscriptions in dian society and the functioning of its of being obsequious to those who wield lence. When the common person ques-
give him a sound western education. north India, Dr Bhau Daji Lad’s con- organs, including the police. power. tions or undermines a policeman’s au-
He was then admitted to Elphin- tribution to the study of ancient In- Even in democratic India the feudal Thus the battle between the Indian’s thority, it is seen as an assault to their
stone College, recently established dia was immense. He also served as mindset views authority, and its power attitude towards authority and law and feudal tinged self-image. The beatings are
by the efforts of Jagannath Shan- the Vice President of the Asiatic wielded over others, as an unquestioned order and the sense of old-style privilege a cathartic way to regain the lost respect
karsheth, and managed to ace every Society for some time. privilege of a few. The rest of the populace that those in authority assume they have and instil fear so that such transgressions
exam. But it is from a few years later It was perhaps fitting then, that are supposed to accept and pay obeisance is unavoidable. are not repeated.
that his remarkable career graph when the British government to this authority or face the threat of re- This disorder that afflicts Indian soci- Such events are understandable,
starts. thought of establishing a museum prisal. Policemen often function on simi- ety is made worse by the snail-paced work- though not justifiable when one looks at
In 1845, arguably Mumbai’s most in Mumbai, Bhau Daji Lad’s name lar lines. ing and amorphous machination of the the lower ranks of the police force. Many
famous medical college – Grant would figure prominently. Today, One manifestation of the traditional other organs of law. The judicial process come from less-privileged families and
Medical – was established. this museum has his name! functioning of authority within today’s is a dark tunnel with no light at the end of therefore may have only experienced the
Bhau Daji formed part of the first A public meeting at the town hall police is the willingness to use its abilities it. Who would want to willingly engage It could also be that the police see this feudal concept of power and authority
batch of the prestigious college – one in 1858, chaired by Jagannath Shan- to coerce, instead of protecting. This is with a system that has 3.5 crore pending as an alternative to the ineffectiveness of before joining the police force.
of only three Hindus in a class of karsheth, with Bhau Daji Lad and done by weaponising laws against the cases in subordinate courts? the courts. On the other hand, such beat- In a turn of events, the same society
twelve! Parsis and Christians form- Sir George Birdwood as Secretaries citizen. There are enough stories of post- Is it any wonder then that both the po- ing could be a symptom of their unwill- and institutions that ignored and subju-
ing the rest. The reason being the decided to raise funds for the ‘Victo- ings to prime police stations being auc- lice and the common person would rather ingness to complete paperwork, which gated them now gives them the accoutre-
traditional aversion of the then ria and Albert Museum’. Through tioned because of the quantum of ‘hafta’ avoid paperwork and the soul-sapping converts them into hamsters on the legal ments of power and the authority to wield
Hindu society to dissecting dead Bhau Daji Lad’s efforts, over a lakh that can be squeezed out of local business routine of being present for court hear- treadmill. it over them. No amount of training can
bodies; forgetting that Sushruta was rupees were raised from the citizens in that jurisdiction. ings? In some ways, their conniving does It would not be wrong to assume that undo the subliminal teaching of their pre-
performing surgeries two thousand of Mumbai for the museum. An However, freedom and democracy have a favour for the overburdened judicial policemen also believe the public beatings police life experiences, which they then
years before. Be that as may, as of the equal amount was contributed by given the common person the opportunity process by finding other ways to resolve are not just punishment for the crime re-enact intheir new avatar.
nineteenth century, a Hindu per- the government. Fourteen years to break free from the stranglehold of feu- matters. committed, but serve a greater social pur- The police force is not only combating
forming dissections of a human later the museum was inaugurated. dal diktats. However, this freedom from Thus the police and the common per- pose, as a deterrent for society at large. criminals and lazy citizenry but is also
body was looked down upon by the A time in which Bhau Daji Lad twice the generationally-imposed subservience son tango. The police use the threat of Such acts may also forestall any possible fighting against entrenched mindsets and
society. Hence, Bhau Daji Lad’s served as Sheriff of Bombay. Also, has been taken to extremes to include court cases to extract bribes and the com- increase in police work in the future. their own circumstances.
achievement has more significance. important to note that during this disavowing and dispensing with law and mon person willingly succumbs to such One can image the pressure on police- How successful will adding curriculum
In 1851, he became one of the first same time span, the walls of the old order and cooking a snook at the police threats knowing what the future holds if men given the ratio of policemen to to police training be, if the environment
few graduates of the Grant Medical ‘Fort’ in Bombay were torn down and other forms of authority. It would al- the bribe is not paid. 1,00,000 people is either 138 or 141 depend- that they work in makes such training
College, becoming Dr Bhau Daji Lad and its iconic buildings such as the most seem that the increase in sense of Besides bribery, the other way in ing on who you want to believe. Who redundant and ineffective? It is not
in an era where clearing the matric- Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus, liberty is directly proportional to the which police perform the duties of judge wouldn’t want an easy way out? enough to train the police force. The entire
ulation exams was considered ‘suf- Mumbai University and the General number of rules ignored or broken. and executioner is when they beat peo- I have intervened in two such incidents law and judicial machinery need to be
ficiently educated’. Post Office were built. In short, the Indian’s have a skewed relationship ple. One could argue that this option un- in Delhi where everyone else remained overhauled, as does the mindset that be-
Dr Bhau Daji Lad became a re- ‘town’ area of Mumbai with its with power and its trappings. They all de- doubtedly provides a quick resolution to mute spectators. Does it go to show that sets Indian society.
nowned physician and surgeon. At planned streets and Gothic – Indian sire it but they despise, and undermine, an issue. people don’t seem to mind, and are even Author has worked in the development sector
the same time, he was a reputed San- architecture came up at this time. Dr
skrit scholar. His greatest achieve- Bhau Daji Lad, along with Jagan-
ment lies in marrying the two and nath Shankersheth and George Bird-
giving India and the world a cure for wood, thus made important contri- oddit
leprosy! On encouragement from his butions to the growth of the city.

Social media in the times of World Cup


former professor and mentor Dr The middle of the nineteenth
Morehead, Bhau Daji Lad studied century was a time when India
hundreds of scriptures and formed was transiting from native to Brit-
a cure for leprosy. Over painstaking ish rule. The Bombay Association
research and experiments conduct- was formed at this time, with Dr
ed across many years, he zeroed in
on Kawath or Kauty oil as the cure.
Unfortunately, he died before he
Bhau Daji Lad, along with others
such as Jagannath Shankarsheth
and Dadabhai Navroji as the
Be it for criticism, popularity or satire, these platform have played a crucial role
could put his findings in public and founders. Rutvick Mehta tweet that said, “Another strike on Paki- hal conducts cheeky interviews of vari-
in medical journals. However, his Thus, having made contribu- rutvick.mehta@dnaindia.net stan by #TeamIndia and the result is ous Team India players to provide a
results – in the form of cured pa- tions in the fields of medicine, his- same.” glimpse of their personality away from
tients were there to show – and Kau- tory, Indology, town planning and What sets this 2019 ICC World Cup apart Incidentally, it was in the aftermath the cricket field.
ty or Kaulmogra oil continued to be politics, Dr Bhau Daji Lad died in from most of its previous editions is the of the Indo-Pak match that social media It’s this aspect that most overseas
the cure for leprosy till 1941! 1874, aged just 52. role social media has played, which has was buzzing the most. players use social media for as well,
been contrasting for many teams. Fans slammed the Pakistan players flaunting their sense of humour.
While Pakistan have been at the re- for their lack of fight, many even put- Top on the list is New Zealand’s Jim-
ceiving end of some heavy trolling and ting up pictures of players enjoying an my Neesham, part of a rare breed of
backlash from fans for their poor show evening with their respective families to current professional cricketers who
in the tournament so far, the Men in suggest their lax approach. don’t take themselves too seriously. Af-
Blue have used it as a tool to bring the Their captain Sarfaraz Ahmed has ter picking up his career-best 5/31 in the
team closer to the fans. A lot of other been at the centre of much of the ire, his game against Afghanistan a couple of
players, meanwhile, treat it as a medium yawning image the butt of many a weeks ago, the all-rounder tweeted: “I’ve
to lighten their mood off the field in be- memes while a video of a fan confront- always been a 5 wicket taking bowler, it
tween the gruelling on-field action. ing and calling him “fat as a pig” in a just usually takes me seven games”.
Not just players and fans, celebrities mall in the UK going viral across all plat- Star England cricketer Ben Stokes
and politicians have also taken to social forms. was at it too, when, tired of being tagged
media to share their feelings during the Pakistan pacer Hasan Ali was forced on a viral joke on India captain Virat
World Cup. to delete a tweet to an Indian journalist Kohli yelling an expletive Hindi term
Pakistan’s 1992 World Cup-winning predicting India winning the World Cup, after every wicket, he tweeted last week:
captain and current Prime Minister Im- wherein his reply read: “Hogi ap ki dua “I may delete Twitter just so I don’t have
ran Khan, in a series of tweets, gave a pori congratulation (Your wish will be to see another tweet reading “He’s say-
pep talk to his country’s players before fulfilled congratulations)”. ing Ben Stokes”(when he’s clearly not)
the mega India-Pakistan clash and ad- The Indians, though, have no such in reply to a video of Virat saying you
Dr Bhau Daji Lad raised Rs 1 lakh for the museum  File photo viced the team to win the toss and bat controversial issues, instead using so- know what... it was funny the first
first, only for the team management to cial media to bridge the gap between 100,000 times”.
ignore it. India’s Home Minister Amit players and the fans. Criticism, politics, popularity or sat-
Shah, on the other hand, celebrated In- The popular “Chahal TV” is a big hit ire, social media sure is the 12th man of
send your feedback to editor@dnaindia.net dia’s thrashing of the arch-rivals with a on Twitter, where leggie Yuzvendra Cha- this World Cup.

Soulful singer Lakshmi makes the east meet the west


I remember the name conferred by the Mahatma on the es, the book cries out for a glossary of only in encountering other dance/mu- the west, in concerts, and under Ravi
day my mother man who edited his “Harijan” journal). names. However, the indeterminate tone sic genres, but unknown languages and Shankar’s baton.
took me walking With wife Visalakshi, Sastri belonged to of not being able to identify the intend- customs. Marriage at age fifteen to The most intriguing chapters show-
from our flat in a group of intellectuals including states- ed audience as the initiated or the unini- twenty-one years older Rajendra case Lakshmi’s versatility in adapting
Santacruz, Mum- man Rajaji and my grandfather, cult tiated, Indian or western, is offset by Shankar, (brother to Uday Shankar and to diverse cross-cultural genres. With In-
bai, to her child- writer Kalki Krishnamurti. They held sincere research and easy style. The in- Ravi Shankar, later sitar maestro) en- dian orchestral music (Festival from In-
hood friend’s intense discussions on wide-ranging troduction by sitar artiste Anoushka sured freedom to continue her career dia) masterminded by Ravi Shankar,
home close by. I topics. Mother recalled a meeting on the Shankar (Lakshmi Shankar’s niece) as a performing artiste, in the era when and the Shankar Family Album pro-
was 12 and misera- moonlit Mahabalipuram beach, where adds warmth and intimacy. husbands insisted that wives remain duced by Beatle George Harrison. The
Gowri Ramnarayan ble, having just khadi-clad Visalakshi expressed strong The narrative opens at a vibrant mo- merely homemakers. megascale Dark Horse tour has Laksh-
lost all my friends views on satyagraha, peppered with ment: Lakshmi at a London screening The financial collapse of the Almora mi doing what millions would have died
in being shifted from my comfort zone songs of freedom. of Richard Attenborough’s classic film experiment directs the couple to Bom- for- singing live with the Beatle before
school in Madras to a Mumbai convent. My mother said, “When she got Lak- ‘Gandhi’, listening to her own voice in bay filmdom - Rajendra as scriptwriter, humongous, frenzied crowds she had
The girl with two plaits and butter- shmi trained in Bharatanatyam, Vis- the back score raised in alaap and song, Lakshmi as actor and playback singer. never seen before.
fly bows who opened the door had a alakshi Amma broke the ban on women bringing to life the glory and tragedy of Fame (but not commercial success) ar- Das shows how sorrows – particular-
smile as welcoming as her mother’s from privileged classes learning music spotlight. In her ‘Poignant Song’ (Harp- the Mahatma’s life in a spectacular in- rives with innovative ballets (Nehru’s ly losing daughter Viji to cancer - both
hug. As young Viji and I began to play and dance. Lakshmi could also sing er Collins, 2019), biographer Kavita Das ternational production. A goosebump Discovery of India, Tagore’s Samanya clogged and released Lakshmi’s creativi-
in the verandah, I heard the tanpura Carnatic music well. My father, a re- too describes Lakshmi Shankar as “one experience for the quiet, publicity-shy Kshati) where Lakshmi’s dancing ty, and how a deep spirituality nour-
anchoring a voice that lifted the clouds. doubtable art critic, hailed her as a ris- whose voice reached across continents artist. amazes as much as Ravi Shankar’s ished her music and her soul till the
I didn’t know that I was listening to ing star. And indeed Lakshmi’s talent and cultures, yet who remains largely “Poignant Song” then flashes back to original score. But pleurisy blocks Lak- very end. She does more: brings a forgot-
Lakshmi Shankar, an eminent Hin- and Visalakshi’s courage inspired my unsung”. establish Lakshmi’s roots in Tamil shmi’s progress and eventually allows ten era back into the present when east-
dustani musician. But I felt that I could parents into making me learn the “im- The biography does not avoid eulogy Nadu, before moving to other regions only the pursuit of music. Daringly, west cross-cultural encounters in music
be happy again, the new city may not moral” art form.” and hero worship prompted by the long with father’s work commitments, and this Carnatic vocalist opts to learn Hin- were rare, often meaningful, not always
be so alien after all. Years later, I realised that the woman standing empathy of personal bonding. Lakshmi’s own radical step of joining dustani music and perseveres until she successful, but always motivated by cre-
On the way home my mother told me I had seen as a family friend was an art- With its large cast of characters from contemporary dance celebrity Uday wins accolades from doughty northern ativity, not commerce.
that Lakshmi was the daughter of fami- ist extraordinaire, though paradoxical- many parts of the world who add con- Shankar’s Almora Institute as reperto- critics. She plays a significant role in The author is a playwright, theatre director,
ly friend Harijan Sastri (the prefix to his ly, she seemed to have never hit the siderable spice to the different sequenc- ry artist. A drastic cultural shift, not introducing Hindustani vocal music to musician and journalist

Vol 12 n Issue No. 229 RNI: GUJENG/2007/22424. Printed and Published by Rajendra Bathula on behalf of Diligent Media Corporation ltd. Printed at Bhaskar Printing Press, Survey No.148 P, Nagdevta Mandir, Changodar, Bavla Highway, Sanand, Ahmedabad (Gujarat) and Published at Diligent Media Corporation
Limited, Venus Atlantis Building, Unit No. 201 to 208, 2nd Floor, 100 Feet Road, Prahladnagar, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380015. Phone: 079 4060 2000. Editor: Anto T Joseph Responsible for selection of news under PRB Act.
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રાજકોટ, રવિવાર, 23 જૂન , 2019
II

હાર્વર્ડ બિઝનેસ રિવ્યૂ કામ કરવાની એ રીત અપનાવો જેને ડોનાલ્ડ ટ્રમ્પના પ્રમુખપદના ચૂંટણી અભિયાનમાં
પહેલાં ક્યારેય અપનાવાઈ નહોતી 7 હજાર કરોડ રૂપિયા ખર્ચ કરવાની યોજના
કર્મચારીઓને સતત પ્રયોગ કરવા માટે પ્રોત્સાહિત કેમ કરવા જોઈએ તે જાણો હાર્વર્ડ
બિઝનેસ રિવ્યૂથી. એ પણ જાણો કે કાર્યસ્થળે પોતાનું મહત્ત્વ જાળવી રાખવું કેમ જરૂરી છે.
2020નું અભિયાન સંપૂર્ણપણે ટ્રમ્પની આજુબાજુ કેન્દ્રિત રહેશે
પ્રયોગાત્મક વાતાવરણ કર્મીઓમાં સકારાત્મક વિચારથી તણાવ દૂર કાર્યસ્થળે તમે લોકોને કેટલા { સોશિયલ મીડિયા પર આક્રમક
લીડરશિપની સમજ પેદા કરે છે થાય છે તથા સ્વાસ્થ્ય સુધરે છે પ્રભાવિત કરી શકો છો? સાડા ત્રણ કરોડ મતદારો સાથે સંપર્ક
સૌથી રચનાત્મક તથા પરિવર્તનાત્મક કંપનીઓ સકારાત્મકતાના પોતાના ફાયદા છે. અનેક શોધ કાર્યસ્થળે લોકો તમારાથી કેટલાક પ્રભાવિત પ્રચાર કરવાની શરૂઆત વિદેશીઓની ઘૂસણખોરી અને ટ્રેડવોર જેવા
મુદ્દા પર લોકોને જોડવા સરળ છે. માર્ચમાં ગ્રાન્ડ
પોતાના કર્મચારીઓને પ્રયોગ કરવા માટે જણાવે છે કે સકારાત્મક વલણ તણાવ દૂર કરે છે છે તે કોઈ પદથી નક્કી થતું નથી. તમારો બ્રાયન બેનેટ
પ્રોત્સાહિત કરે છે. જો તમે પણ પોતાની ટીમને અને સ્વાસ્થ્યમાં સુધારો કરે છે જ્યારે અમુક એ પણ અનૌપચારિક પ્રભાવ જાણવા માટે એક રેપિડ્સ, મિશિગનમાં એક રેલીમાં ટ્રમ્પે મેક્સિકો
વધારે ઉદ્યમી બનાવવા માગો છો તો આ ઉપાય જણાવે છે કે જીવનમાં સકારાત્મકતા અપનાવી સાધારણ ઓડિટ કરી શકાય છે. એ 10 લોકોના અમેરિકાના પ્રમુખ ડોનાલ્ડ ટ્રમ્પે તેમના પુન:ચૂટં ણી સરહદ બંધ કરવાની ધમકી આપી. ટ્રમ્પના
કરી શકો છો. લોકોને પ્રોત્સાહિત કરો કે તે તમે વધારે પૈસા કમાઈ અને બચાવી શકો છો. નામ લખી લો જે તમને કામમાં મદદ કરે છે અને અભિયાનના કેન્દ્રમાં ફરી એક વખત પોતાની ટિ્વટર એકાઉન્ટ પર ત્રણ ટિ્વટમાં કહેવાયું હતું
પોતાની બાહ્ય રુચિઓને પણ કામ પર લઈને તમારી અંદર સકારાત્મકતા પેદા કરવા માટે તમારી નિર્ભરતા તેમના પર કેટલી છે તે આધારે સ્વાભાવિક પ્રવૃત્તિઓને વોટરો સામે રાખવાની કે આગામી સપ્તાહે સરહદનો મોટો ભાગ સીલ
આવે. અે જાણવાનો પ્રયાસ કરો કે તેમના શોખ પોતાની અંદર કૃતજ્ઞતા વિકસિત કરો. દરરોજ તેમને એકથી 10 નંબર આપો. મુક્ત મને રણનીતિ અપનાવી છે. 2020નું અભિયાન કરી દેવાશે. વેબ પર આ બધું સર્ચ કરાવા લાગ્યું.
ઓર્લેન્ડોમાં 18 જૂને ચૂંટણી અભિયાન શરૂ કરતા ટ્રમ્પની ટીમે ઘૂસણખોરી અને ઈમિગ્શ રે ન પર
શું છે અને વીકેન્ડ્સ પર તેઓ શું કરવાનું પસંદ કરે સવારે ઊઠ્યા પછી એવી ત્રણ વસ્તુઓ વિશે વિચારો કે તે તમારા માટે શું કરે છે- કારકિર્દીમાં સંપર્ણ
ૂ પણે ટ્રમ્પનો શો જ હશે. તેમણે, ટાઈમને ડોનાલ્ડ ટ્રમ્પ.
છે? કામની બહાર તે શું છે જેનાથી તે પ્રભાવિત વિચારો જેના માટે તમે કૃતજ્ઞ છો. આ રીતે તમે સલાહ આપે છે કે ભાવનાત્મક સમર્થન આપે જણાવ્યું, અભિયાન સાથે સંકળાયેલા લોકો અને ડિજિટલ જાહેરાત બુક કરી દીધી. પછી પ્રમુખ
થાય છે? જે કર્મચારી ખુદને સહજતા સાથે વ્યક્ત એક સકારાત્મક દિવસની શરૂઆત કરી શકો છો. છે? તેમની તરફથી ખુદને નંબર આપો. હવે સ્ટાફ સાથે મારી અનેક વખત ચર્ચા થઈ ચૂકી છે, તૈયાર છે. મારા સમર્થકોનો આધર ખૂબ જ મજબૂત પાછા હટી ગયા. પરંતુ આગામી 9 સપ્તાહ સુધી
કરી શકે છે તે જ નવા વિચાર લાવવામાં વધારે પોતાનાં લક્ષ્ય તરફ વધવાની રીત શોધો, લોકોને વિચારો કે તમે તેમના માટે શું કરો છો અને પરંતુ હું સામાન્ય રીતે મારા કામ પોતે જ કરું છુ.ં છે.ટ્રમ્પના ચૂટં ણી અભિયાન મેનજે ર બ્ડરે પાર્સકેલ ફેસબુક જાહેરાતો અને ગૂગલ સર્ચની ક્લિક પર
સમર્થ હોય છે. પ્રયોગાત્મક વાતાવરણ કર્મીઓમાં ખુદ સાથે જોડી રાખવા તે તમારી પ્રાથમિકતા હોવી તમારા સ્થાને કોઈ અન્યનું આવવું તેમના માટે પ્રમુખના સ્ટાફને જણાવી દીધું છે કે જ્યારે તે ટિ્વટર કહે છે કે તમારે લોકોની વિચારસરણી બદલવી રૂપિયા આપવા માટે અઢી લાખ ડોલરથી વધુ ખર્ચ
લીડરશિપની સમજ પેદા કરે છે. (હાઉ ટુ એનકરેજ જોઈએ. (ધ ફાઈનાન્શિયલ અપસાઇડ ઓફ બીઈંગ કેટલું મુશ્કેલ હોઈ શકે છે. (હાઉ ટુ ફિગર આઉટ પર નવી નીતિની જાહેરાત કરે અથવા રેલીમાં પડશે. તેમના મનમાં વિશ્વાસ જગાવવો પડશે. કરી નાંખ્યા. ટ્રમ્પની ટીમે ત્રણ કરોડ 50 લાખ
આંત્રપ્રિન્યોર થિન્કિંગ ઓન યોર ટીમ, સર્જેઈ રેવઝિન) એન ઓપ્ટિમિસ્ટ, મિશેલ ગીલન) હાઉ મચ ઈન્ફ્લૂએન્સ યુ હેવ એટ વર્ક, મેક્સિમ સિચ) આક્રમક વલણ અપનાવે તો દરેક તેને આગળ પરંત,ુ આંતરિક વર્તુળો માને છે કે આ રસ્તો મુશ્કેલ મતદારોની યાદી બનાવી લીધી છે.
વધારે. પણ છે. 2016માં ટ્રમ્પે ડેમોક્રેટિક પક્ષના ત્રણ વર્ષ પછી ચૂટં ણી અભિયાન મેનજે રની નિમણૂક કરી
2016ની સરખામણીમાં આ વખતે ટ્રમ્પનું કિલ્લા - મિશિગન, પેન્સિલવેનિયા, વિસ્કાંસિન દીધી હતી. તે અત્યાર સુધીમાં 10 કરોડ ડોલરનો
અભિયાન વધુ યોજનાબદ્ધ હશે. ટ્રમ્પની સર કર્યા હતા. આ સફળતાનું પુનરાવર્તન કરવું ખર્ચ કરી ચૂક્યા છે. જૂનમાં એક સ્વતંત્ર એજન્સીને
ઈન્સ્પિરેશન ફ્રોમ ગ્રેટ પર્સનાલિટીઝ અભિયાન સમિતિ લગભગ 7 હજાર કરોડ રૂપિયા પડશે. તેમણે, હિલેરી ક્લિન્ટનની ખામીઓ અને જણાયું કે વ્હાઈટ હાઉસના સિનિયર સલાહકાર
ખર્ચ કરવાની યોજના બનાવી રહી છે. તેમની ટીમ નારાજ મતદારોને આકર્ષીને વિજય મેળવ્યો હતો. કૈલીએન કોનવે મીડિયા ઈન્ટર્વ્યૂ અને ટિ્વટર પર
નામ - આન્દ્રે રસેલ વ્યવસાય - જમૈકન ક્રિકેટર. નેટવર્થ - 2018માં લગભગ 38 કરોડ રૂપિયા આંકવામાં આવી હતી. કોઈ અન્ય પ્રમુખની સરખામણીમાં ફરીથી ચૂટં ણી ટ્રમ્પનું ઓનલાઈન પ્રચાર અભિયાન ખૂબ જ ટ્રમ્પના પ્રતિસ્પર્ધીઓ પર સતત પ્રહાર કરી રહ્યા છે.
તેમના અંગે એટલા માટે વાંચો - ધમાકેદાર ખેલાડી, પરંતુ વર્લ્ડ કપમાં ઈજાથી પરેશાન લડવા પર પહેલાં કરતાં વધુ ખર્ચ કરી ચૂકી છે. ટ્રમ્પ વિસ્ફોટક અને આક્રમક છે. પ્રિન્સ્ટન યુનિવર્સિટીના આ રીતે સરકારી કર્મચારી રાજકારણમાં આ પ્રકારે

માતા ઈચ્છતી હતી કે ખૂબ અભ્યાસ કરે, પરંતુ ગેલપ સરવેના ઈતિહાસમાં એકમાત્ર પ્રમુખ છે
જેમને ક્યારેય પણ 50% રેટિગ ં નથી મળ્યું. તેમનું
કહેવું છે કે તે આ વારસને પાછળ છોડવા માટે
ઈતિહાસકાર જુલિયન જેલિજર જણાવે છે કે ટ્રમ્પની
રણનીતિ હેઠળ બધાં ભાષણ અને નીતિઓ ભીડની
આજુબાજુ કેન્દ્રિત છે.ટ્રમ્પે પ્રમુખપદે ચૂટં ાયાના એક
ભાગીદારી કરી શકે નહીં.
(સાથે ટેસા બેરને સન, મેસિમો કેલાબ્રેસી, એડવર્ડ
ફેલસેન્થાલ, એબી વેસોલિસ)

આન્દ્રે રસેલ સ્કૂલ બંક કરી ક્રિકેટ રમતો હતો પરફેક્શન પર વધુ ભાર આપવાથી અનેક નુકસાન પણ
આન્દ્રે રસેલનો જન્મ 29 એપ્રિલ 1988ના રોજ સામેલ કરાય છે, પરંતુ રસેલને પહેલા ટેસ્ટ મેચમાં
કિંગસ્ટન, જમૈકામાં થયો હતો. પિતાનું નામ
તેના જીવનમાંથી આ શીખામણ મળે છે રમવાની તક અપાઈ હતી. વન-ડે મેચમાં પણ રસેલે છે. સ્ટેનફોર્ડ યુનિવર્સિટીના મનોવિજ્ઞાની કેરોલ
1. સફળ થવું હોય તો
રચેલ સિમન્સ
હૃદયની બીમારીઓનું જોખમ
માઈકલ રસેલ અને માતાનું નામ સેન્ડ્રા ડેવિસ છે. ડેબ્યૂ કર્યું, તો સીધા વર્લ્ડ કપમાં. 2011ના વર્લ્ડ 2007માં મનોવિજ્ઞાનીઓ ગ્રેગરી મિલર અને ડ્વેક દ્વારા તૈયાર માઈન્ડ સેટ એજ્યુકેશન સમગ્ર
રસેલ નાનો હતો ત્યારે તેના પરિવારની આર્થિક પોતાના પર વિશ્વાસ કપમાં આયર્લેન્ડ વિરુદ્ધ તે પહેલી વન-ડે મેચ રમ્યો અનેક યુવાન વિશ્વાસ કરે છે કે આકરી મહેનત કારસ્ટન વ્રોસ્ચે એક સ્ટડીથી નિષ્કર્ષ કાઢ્યો કે દુનિયામાં નિષ્ફળ ગયુ.ં પરંતુ 2018માં એક
સ્થિતિ ખૂબ જ ખરાબ હતી તેથી તેની માતા સેન્ડ્રા જરૂરી છે. હતો. આ મેચમાં તે બેટિગ ં માં ખાસ દેખાવ કરી મારફત તે પોતાના જીવનની સ્થિતિઓ પર અસંભવ લક્ષ્ય છોડવાનો ઈનકાર કરનારી વિશ્લેષણમાં જણાયું કે યોગ્યતાની સરખામણીમાં
ઈચ્છતી હતી કે રસેલ ભણી-ગણીને કોઈ સારી 2. મહેનતથી જીવનમાં શક્યો નહીં, પરંતુ તેની બોલિંગ ઘણી જ અસરકારક નિયંત્રણ કરી શકે છે. આ અજેય રહેવા જેવી કિશોરીઓના શરીરમાં સીઆરપી (પ્રોટીન) પ્રયાસોની વધુ પ્રશંસા કરવાથી આર્થિકરૂપે નબળા
નોકરી કરવા લાગે. બધું જ મેળવી શકાય છે. રહી હતી. આગામી અનેક મેચોમાં તેની બેટિગ ં થી માનસિક્તા છે. મેં અનેક વિદ્યાર્થીઓમાં નોટિસ નું સ્તર વધી ગયું. તેનો સંબંધ ડાયાબિટીસ, વિદ્યાર્થીઓને લાભ થઈ શકે છે, પરંતુ જરૂરી નથી
માતાના વિચારોથી એકદમ વિપરીત તેને આન્દ્રે રસેલે પોતાને એક પાવર હીટર સાબિત કરી કર્યું કે જીતવાથી અને સફળ થતા તે શક્તિશાળી હૃદયરોગો અને અન્ય બીમારીઓ સાથે છે. કે દરેકને તેનાથી મદદ મળે.
ભણવામાં જરા પણ મન નહોતું લાગતુ.ં તે મોટા ખ્યાલ આવી ગયો હતો કે રસેલ આજે નહીં તો દીધો હતો. તેના શાનદાર ઓલરાઉન્ડ પરફોર્મન્સને અને સ્માર્ટ હોવાનું અનુભવે છે. પરંતુ જ્યારે 2014માં લુથર અને એમિલી લાઈમેનના ગયા વર્ષે સુનિયા લુથર અને નીના કુમારે
ભાગે સ્કૂલ બંક કરીને મેદાનમાં ક્રિકેટ રમવા કાલે જરૂર સફળ થશે. 2007માં પહેલી વખત જોઈને 2012ની આઈપીએલમાં તેનું નામ જોડવામાં ઈચ્છિત સફળતા ન મળે ત્યારે તે તૂટી જાય છે. એક સ્ટડીએ અમીર યુવાનો વચ્ચે પરફેક્શન એક રિસર્ચ પેપરમાં જણાવ્યું કે સમૃદ્ધ લોકો વચ્ચે
નીકળી જતો હતો.રસેલે નિર્ણય કરી લીધો હતો કે આન્દ્રે રસેલને ફર્સ્ટ ક્લાસ ક્રિકેટમાં જમૈકાની ટીમ આવ્યું. શરૂઆતમાં તેણે દિલ્હી ડેરડેવિલ્સ સાથે કરી આપણે મોટા ભાગે એવા યુવાનોની વાત મેળવવાની પ્રવૃત્તિઓ અને હીનતાની પ્રોત્સાહન, પ્રેરણા અને લગનની અછત મોટી
તે ક્રિકેટની રમતમાં જ પોતાની કારકિર્દી બનાવશે. તરફથી રમવાની તક મળી. વરનાર્ડ્સ ગ્રીન ક્રિકેટ હતી. 2012 અને 2013માં દિલ્હી ડેરડેવિલ્સમાં કરીએ છીએ જેમને માતા-પિતાના વધુ લાડ-પ્રેમના ભાવનાઓ વચ્ચે સંબંધ દર્શાવાયો છે. સમસ્યા નથી. તેના બદલે પરફેક્શન પર ભાર
પરંતુ તે ઘરવાળાને નિરાશ પણ કરવા માગતો ક્લબમાં પોતાના જોરદાર ઓલરાઉન્ડ પરફોર્મન્સ રમ્યા પછી તે કોલકાતા નાઈટરાઈડર્સમાં જોડાયો. કારણે નિષ્ફળતાનો સામનો કરવામાં મુશ્કેલી પડે આપવો અને સિદ્ધિઓ મેળવવા માટે પૂરો ભાર
નહોતો, તેથી તેણે માતાને કહ્યું કે જો તે બે વરન્ષ ી સાથે જ તેણે વેસ્ટ ઈન્ડિઝના સિલેક્ટર્સનું ધ્યાન પણ 2014 પછીથી તે આ જ ટીમ સાથે જોડાયેલો છે. છે. પરંતુ અતિ ખાસ યુવાનો વચ્ચે એક ખોટી છે. મનોવૈજ્ઞાનિકોએ આ સિદ્ધાંતના આધાર પર આપ્યા પછી પીછેહઠ કરવામાં મુશ્કેલીના અભવાથી
અંદર આ રમતમાં સફળ નહીં થઈ શકે તો તે આકર્ષિત કર્યું. નવેમ્બર 2010માં શ્રીલકં ા વિરુદ્ધ આઈપીએલ અને વેસ્ટ ઈન્ડિઝ ટીમ સિવાય પણ ધારણા પણ બને છે. તેમને જણાવાય છે કે તે જો માઈન્ડ સેટ રિસર્ચ કરી. તેમાં જણાયું કે બાળકોના સમસ્યા ઊભી થાય છે. તેનાથી શારીરિક અને
જેમ કહેશે તેવું જ કરશે. આ દરમિયાન ક્રિકેટનો રમાનારી ટુર્નામને ્ટમાં આન્દ્રે રસેલનો પહેલી વખત તે બિગબેશ લીગ, પાકિસ્તાન સુપર લીગ અને કામ કરવાની ઈચ્છા દર્શાવે તો કંઈ પણ થઈ શકે પ્રયાસોની પ્રશંસા કરવાથી શૈક્ષણિક દેખાવ સુધરે ભાવનાત્મક દબાણ પેદા થઈ શકે છે.
અભ્યાસ કરવા માટે તેણે દિવસ-રાત એક કરી વેસ્ટ ઈન્ડિઝની ટીમમાં સમાવેશ કરાયો હતો. કોઈ બાંગ્લાદેશ પ્રીમિયર લીગની જેમ અલગ અલગ (© 2019 Time Inc.) સર્વઅિધકાર સુરક્ષિત |ટાઈમ મેગેઝિનથી અનુવાદીત અને Time Inc. ની મંજૂરીથી પ્રકાશિત |મંજૂરી વિના કોઈ પણ ભાષામાં સંપૂર્ણ કે આંશિક પ્રકાશન પર પ્રતિબંધ | ટાઈમ
દીધા હતા. તેની મહેનતને જોતા તેમના પરિવારને પણ ખેલાડીને પહેલી વખત વન-ડે અથવા ટી-20માં લીગ્સમાં રમે છે. મેગેઝિન અને ટાઈમ મેગેઝિન લોગો Time Inc. નું રજિસ્ટ્રડ ટ્રેડમાર્ક છે. તેનો ઉપયોગ મંજૂરીથી કરાયો છે.

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ભારતનું, દરરોજ 3500 બાળકનાં મોત
{ બાળકોનાં મૃત્યુના
દુનિયામાં બાળકોનાં
મૃત્યુની સંખ્યા
ભારતમાં બાળકોનાં
મૃત્યુની સંખ્યા
મામલામાં ભારત 1953થી નબળી સ્વાસ્થ્ય વ્યવસ્થા અને બાળકોનાં મોતની પાછળ ત્રણ મોટાં કારણ 58.46 લાખ
પાંચ વર્ષથી ઓછાં
10.92 લાખ
પાંચ વર્ષથી ઓછા
સતત સૌથી આગળ બજેટની અછત ડોક્ટરોની અછત 10.29 લાખ 1.70 લાખ
બિહારના મુઝફ્ફરપુરમાં એક્યુટ
એન્સેફ્લાઈટિસ સિન્ડ્રોમ 10 વર્ષથી સ્વાસ્થ્ય માટે બિહારમાં 10 હજારે માત્ર 5થી 14 વર્ષ 5થી 14 વર્ષ
(એઈએસ)ના કારણે અત્યાર સુધી
થયેલાં 135થી વધુ બાળકોનાં મોતે જીડીપીના 1.5 ટકાથી પણ ત્રણ ડોક્ટર, 10ની જરૂર 68.76 લાખ 12.63 લાખ
કુલ મૃત્યુ કુલ મૃત્યુ
આખા દેશને હલબલાવી નાંખ્યો છે.
આટલી મોટી સંખ્યામાં બાળકોનાં ઓછું ભંડોળ મળે છે મેડિકલ કાઉન્સિલ ઓફ ઈન્ડિયા મુજબ
2017ના અંત સુધીમાં દેશમાં અંદાજે 10 લાખ
મૃત્યુ થવાના કારણે દેશની આરોગ્ય દેશના કુલ બજેટના અંદાજે 1.2-1.3 ટકા જ રજિસ્ટર્ડ એલોપથિક ડોક્ટર હતા. તેમાંથી 8
સેવાની ફરી એકવાર ચર્ચા થઈ સ્વાસ્થ્યના ભાગમાં જાય છે. સ્વાસ્થ્ય ખર્ચની લાખ સક્રિય છે. એટલે લગભગ 1300 લોકો 43.35 8.75
રહી છે. બાળકોનાં મૃત્યુના
કેસમાં ભારતનો રેકોર્ડ હંમશ ે ા
જીડીપીમાં ભાગીદારી છેલ્લાં 10 વર્ષથી 1.5
ટકાથી નીચે રહી છે. 2014-15માં તો તે એક
પર એક ડોક્ટર છે. વિશ્વ સ્વાસ્થ્ય સંગઠન
મુજબ 1000 લોકો પર એક ડોક્ટર હોવો
લાખ લાખ
નવજાત મૃત્યુ પામનાર નવજાત મૃત્યુ પામનાર
આવો જ રહ્યો છે. યુનિસફે ના ટકાથી પણ ઓછી (0.98%) હતી. 2017-18 જોઈએ. એટલે કે સંખ્યામાં મામલામાં સ્થિતિ બાળકોની સંખ્યા 2017માં બાળકોની સંખ્યા
અહેવાલ પ્રમાણે દેશમાં 2017માં
14 વરન્ષ ી ઉંમર સુધીનાં 12.63
માટે પણ બજેટ અંદાજ જીડીપીના 1.28% જ
રહ્યો. કેન્દ્રીય સ્વાસ્થ્ય મંત્રી હર્ષવર્ધને તે વધારી વીમાની ઊણપ, મોંઘી દવાઓ અને સારવાર બરાબર છે, પરંતુ ડોક્ટરોની ઉપલબ્ધતા
સમગ્ર દેશમાં સમાન નથી. ઉદાહરણરૂપે
દુનિયામાં 2017માં ભારતમાં
લાખ બાળકોનાં મૃત્યુ થયાં, એટલે
કે વિશ્વમાં મૃત્યુ પામનારાં કુલ
2.5% કરવાની વાત કહી છે. આ વૃદ્ધિ છતાં
તે સંરક્ષણ બજેટથી 75 ટકા ઓછું જ હશે. દેશમાં જેનેરિક દવાઓ 25થી 30% સુધી મોંઘી છે બ્રિટિશ મેડિકલ જર્નલનો રિપોર્ટ જણાવે
છે કે બિહારમાં 10 હજાર લોકો પર માત્ર આ સંખ્યા દર વર્ષે ઘટી રહી છે. 2016ની તુલનાએ 2018માં
બાળકોના 18.37%. ભારતમાં વચગાળાના બજેટમાં સરકારે સંરક્ષણ બજેટ દેશમાં દર્દીઓને અંદાજે 63% ખર્ચ પોતાના આપવાની યોજના છે અને 70 કરોડ લોકો 3 ડોક્ટર છે. જે ડોક્ટર છે પણ તેમાં યોગ્ય આ સંખ્યામાં 4 ટકાનો ઘટાડો નોંધાયો. ગત 10 વર્ષમાં
ન્યુમોનિયા અને ડાયેરિયાથી જીડીપના 10.6 ટકા કરવાની વાત કરી હતી. ખિસ્સામાંથી જ કરવાનો હોય છે. તેની પાછળ હાલ યોજનાથી બહાર જ રહેશે. બીજી બાજુ ડોક્ટરોની સંખ્યા ઓછી છે. નેશનલ સેમ્પલ લગભગ 60 ટકાનો ઘટાડો નોંધાયો.
સૌથી વધુ લોકોનાં મોત થાય છે, બીજા દેશોની સરખામણી કરીએ તો અમેરિકા મોટું કારણ સ્વાસ્થ્ય વીમા કરાવનારાની દવાઓની વધુ કિમતો પણ સમસ્યા છે. સેન્ટર સર્વે 2016 મુજબ અંદાજે 25% એલોપેથિક
નવજાત બાળકોની સંખ્યા છે દુનિયામાં
જ્યારે બિહારની ઘટનાઓથી સ્વાસ્થ્ય સેવાઓ પર જીડીપીના 18% અને ઓછી સંખ્યા પણ છે. નેશનલ હેલ્થ પ્રોફાઈલ ફોર ગ્લોબલ ડેવલપમેન્ટનો તાજેતરનો રિપોર્ટ ડોક્ટરો પાસે જરૂરી યોગ્યતા નથી. હોસ્પિટલ
2017માં મૃત્યુ પામનારા
ચર્ચામાં આવેલા એન્સેફ્લાટિસથી બ્રિટન અંદાજે 10% ખર્ચ કરે છે. બીજી બાજુ 2018 મુજબ 2016-17માં માત્ર 34 ટકા જણાવે છે કે ભારત જેવા વિકાસશીલ દેશોમાં પણ ઓછી છે. નેશનલ હેલ્થ પ્રોફાઈલ 2018
છેલ્લા ચાર દાયકામાં 25 હજાર ભારત સરકાર દ્વારા જાહેર નેશનલ હેલ્થ લોકોના સ્વાસ્થ્ય વીમા હતા. સરકારે જેનેરિક દવાઓની કિંમતો અન્ય દેશોની મુજબ દેશમાં 23,582 સરકારી હોસ્પિટલ
બાળકોનાં મૃત્યુ થઈ ચૂક્યાં છે. પ્રોફાઈલ મુજબ સરકાર 2015-16 સુધીમાં 2017માં આયુષ્માન ભારત યોજના શરૂ સરખામણીમાં 20થી 30 ગણા સુધી મોંઘી છે. છે. એટલે કે અંદાજે 56 હજાર લોકો પર બાળકોનાં મૃત્યુના કારણ : ડાયેરિયા
દેશમાં એઈએસનો પહેલો મામલો
1956માં મદ્રાસ પ્રેસિડેન્સીમાં સામે
પ્રત્યેક વ્યક્તિના સ્વાસ્થ્ય પર સરેરાશ 1112
રૂપિયા ખર્ચ કરતી આવી છે.
કરી જે એક પ્રકારની સ્વાસ્થ્ય વીમા યોજના
જ છે. તેના હેઠળ 50 કરોડ લોકોને લાભ
જરૂરી રસીઓ પણ બધાં બાળકો સુધી પહોંચી
નથી શકતી.
એક સરકારી હોસ્પિટલ, જ્યાં લોકો સસ્તી
સારવારની આશાએ જાય છે.
અને ન્યુમોનિયા સૌથી મોટા હત્યારા
આવ્યો હતો. 1978માં આ બીમારી એઈડ્સ 0.4% મગજનો તાવ 4.2%
ઉત્તર પ્રદેશમાં જોવા મળી અને
2005માં ત્યાં 1,300 બાળકનાં છેલ્લાં 15 વર્ષમાં આ પાંચ કિસ્સામાં બેદરકારીને કારણે માસૂમ બાળકોના જીવ ગયા ડાયેરિયા 22.6% ન્યુમોનિયા 28.2%
મોત થયાં ત્યારે તેની ઘણી ચર્ચા
થઈ. દેશમાં બાળકોના મૃત્યુદરમાં
2017, ગોરખપુર 2014, મુઝફ્ફરપુર 2013, સારણ 2013, કોલકાતા 2004, કુંભકોણમ મલેરિયા 0.3% અન્ય રોગ 30.5%
છેલ્લા દસકાઓમાં ઘટાડો થયો છે, ઓક્સિજન સિલિન્ડર ન મગજના તાવથી 379 મિડ-ડે મીલમાં ઝેર, 23 હોસ્પિટલમાં એક મહિનામાં સ્કૂલમાં જીવતા સળગી
ગયાં હતાં 94 બાળકો ખસરા 5.2% ઈજા 7.9%
પરંતુ આંકડા દર્શાવે છે કે 1953થી
સતત ભારત આ મામલામાં સૌથી
હતાં, 60 બાળકનાં મોત બાળકોએ જીવ ગુમાવ્યા બાળકનાં મૃત્યુ થયાં 122 બાળકનાં મોત
ગોરખપુરની બીઆરડી મેડિકલ બિહારમાં પહેલાં પણ બિહારના સારણ જિલ્લામાં જુલાઈ ઓગસ્ટ 2013માં કોલકાતાની તમિલનાડુના કુંભકોણમમાં 16 (બીમારીના આંકડા એક મહિનાથી 5 વર્ષ સુધીનાં બાળકોના)
આગળ છે. બાળકોના વધુ મોત એન્સિફેલાઈટિસથી બાળકોનાં મૃત્યુ 2013માં ઝેરી ખોરાક ખાવાથી 23
માટે વસતી વધુ હોવાનો તર્ક પણ કોલેજમાં ઓક્સિજનની કમીના આસપાસના વિસ્તારોના કુલ જુલાઈ, 2004ના રોજ એક ભારતમાં આ સ્થિતિમાં ગત 18 વર્ષોમાં કોઈ
કારણે આશરે 60 બાળકના મૃત્યુ થઈ ચૂક્યાં છે. 2014માં એક જ બાળકનાં મૃત્યુ થયાં હતાં. મિડ- 890 બાળકને કોલકાતાની કે.બી. સ્કૂલમાં આગ લાગી, જેમાં 94
નિરાધારા છે કારણ કે, ભારત કરતાં મહિનાની અંદર આ બીમારીથી ડે મીલમાં અનેક જંતુનાશકો મળી વિશેષ પરિવર્તન જોવા મળ્યું નથી.
વધુ વસતીવાળા ચીનમાં 2017માં થયાં હતાં. તેમાં મોટા ભાગનાં સી. રોય ચિલ્ડ્રન હોસ્પિટલમાં બાળક જીવતા સળગી ગયાં હતાં. ન્યુમોનિયા અને ડાયેરિયાથી થતાં મોતમાં
નવજાત શિશુ હતાં. એવો આરોપ 379 બાળકે જીવ ગુમાવ્યા હતા. આ આવ્યાં હતાં. એ ખોરાકથી કુલ ભરતી કરાયાં હતાં, જેમાંથી સરકારે પીડિતોને વળતર આપ્યું,
14 વરથ્ષ ી ઉંમરના આશરે 65 બીમારીથી 2015માં 90, 2016માં 48 બાળક બીમાર થયાં હતાં. આ ફક્ત 3 ટકાનો ઘટાડો નોંધાયો છે.
હજાર અને પાંચ વર્ષથી ઓછી હતો કે વેન્ડરને પૈસા ચૂકવાયા 122નાં મૃત્યુ થયાં. 2016માં પણ જેને લઈને પીડિતોના પોતાના
નહીં હોવાથી ઓક્સિજન સપ્લાય 103, 2017માં 54 અને 2018માં ઘટનાથી દેશભરમાં હંગામો થયો ઓગસ્ટમાં જ 110 બાળકનાં મૃત્યુ વકીલ પર ગોટાળાનો આરોપ
ઉંમરનાં 1.7 લાખ બાળકોનાં મૃત્યુ 33 બાળકનાં મૃત્યુ થઈ ચૂક્યાં છે. હતો.
થયાં. એટલે કે, આપણાથી 81% નહોતો થયો થયાં હતાં. લગાવ્યો. 194 દેશોમાંથી 135 દેશોમાં કોઈપણ
ઓછાં. આ આઘાતજનક આંકડા શું થયું: ઓગસ્ટ 2018 સુધી શું થયું: કેન્દ્રીય આરોગ્ય મંત્રી ડૉ. શું થયું: આ ઘટના માટે જવાબદાર શું થયું: પશ્ચિમ બંગાળના ગ્રામીણ શું થયુ:ં સ્કૂલ સ્થાપકને આજીવન બાળકનું મૃત્યુ મલેરિયાથી થયું નથી.
અત્યંત નબળા આરોગ્ય તંત્રના છે, નવ લોકોની ધરપકડ થઈ. તેમાંથી હર્ષવર્ધને 100 બેડની હોસ્પિટલ સ્કૂલ પ્રિન્સિપાલ મીનાકુમારીને 17 ક્ષેત્રોમાં હોસ્પિટલોની કમીના કેદની સજા આપવામાં દસ વર્ષ વીતી
જે બાળકોથી લઈને વૃદ્ધો તમામને પાંચને છોડી દેવાયા, જ્યારે બાકીના બનાવવાની જાહેરાત કરી, જેનું વર્ષની જેલ થઈ. તેમના પતિને કારણે મોટી સંખ્યામાં બાળકો આ ગયાં. સુપ્રીમકોર્ટે કૌભાંડ કરનારા સ્ત્રોત : યુનિસેફનો ફેબ્રુઆરી 2019માં અપડેટ કરેલો રિપોર્ટ.
અસર કરે છે. જેલમાં છે. કામ હજુ શરૂ નથી થયું. મુક્ત કરી દેવાયા. હોસ્પિટલમાં દાખલ કરાતાં હતાં. વકીલને રૂ. 50 લાખનો દંડ ફટકાર્યો. રિપોર્ટમાં બધા આંકડા 2017 સુધીના છે.
ક્યાંક વરસાદ તો 16 ¾, રાજકોટ, રવિવાર, 23 જૂન, 2019

ક્યાંક દુષ્કાળ... તેલંગાણા, ઓડિશા, બિહાર, ઝારખંડ અને પૂર્વ યુપીમાં વરસાદ, મધ્યપ્રદેશમાં તોફાન અને વરસાદનું એલર્ટ
રાહત : લૂનો કેર સહન કરી રહેલા રાજ્ય અનુમાન : મહારાષ્ટ્ર સહિત 4 રાજ્યોમાં સ્થિતિ : 10 રાજ્યોમાં અત્યાર સુધી
બિહારના પટણા સહિત 5 શહેરોમાં વરસાદ ચાર દિવસ ભારે વરસાદની આશંકા પ્રી-મોન્સૂનનો 43% ઓછો વરસાદ
લૂનો કેર સહન કરી રહેલા બિહારમાં તસવીર ચેન્નઈની છે. અહીં વરસાદ માટે દેશના 36 સબ ડિવિઝનમાંથી 22માં અત્યાર
મોનસૂન પહોંચતા રાહત મળી છે. પટણામાં પૂજા-પાઠ કરાયા હતા. જ્યારે હવામાન સુધી સામાન્યથી 43 ટકા ઓછો વરસાદ
શનિવારે ધોધમાર વરસાદ પડ્યો જેનાથી વિભાગ મજુ બ મોનસૂન આગામી 24 નોંધાયો છે. તેમાં કર્ણાટક, તમિલનાડુ,
અનેક વિસ્તારોમાં ત્રણ ફૂટ સુધી પાણી ભરાઈ કલાકમાં બિહાર અને ઝારખંડને કવર કરી કેરળ, ગજુ રાત, મધ્યપ્રદેશ, છત્તીસગઢ,
ગયું. ઉપરાંત ભાગલપુર, ગયા, મુઝફ્ફરપુર લેશ.ે આગામી ચારથી પાંચ દિવસ સુધી ઓડિશા, બિહાર, પંજાબ અને હરિયાણા
અને પૂર્ણિયામાં વરસાદ થયો. રાજ્યમાં લૂથી કેરળ, કર્ણાટક, ગોવા અને મહારાષ્ટ્રમાં સામેલ છે. પ્રી-મોનસૂન સિઝનમાં 9 વરમ્ષ ાં
250થી વધુ લોકો મૃત્યુ પામી ચૂક્યા છે. ભારે વરસાદની આશંકા છે. સૌથી ઓછો વરસાદ થયો છે.

મહારાષ્ટ્ર, ગોવા, કેરળમાં ભારે વરસાદ


અડધા ભારતમાં ચોમાસંુ, પણ
ચેન્નઈમાં પીવાનું પાણી નથી સુધી 250થી વધુ લોકો મૃત્યુ પામી
{ ચેન્નઈમાં ટ્રેનથી રોજ એક ચૂક્યા છે. આ દરમિયાન છત્તીસગઢ
કરોડ લિટર પાણી પહોંચશે સહિત 5 રાજ્યોમાં પ્રી-મોનસૂન
એજન્સી | નવી દિલ્હી વરસાદ થયો. હવામાન વિભાગે
જણાવ્યું કે ઉત્તર-પશ્ચિમ રાજસ્થાનથી
10 દિવસના વિલંબથી આગળ ટ્રફ લાઇન બંગાળના અખાત તરફ
વધી રહેલા મોનસૂન હવે મૂડમાં છે. ઝડપથી આગળ વધી રહી છે. તેનાથી
તે શનિવારે તેલગ ં ાણા, ઓડિશા, રાજસ્થાન, યુપી, બિહાર, ઝારખંડ
બિહાર, ઝારખંડ અને પૂર્વાંચલના
રસ્તે યુપી પહોંચ્યું હતુ.ં ચોમાસુ આવી
અને પ.બંગાળ સુધી નીચું દબાણ ક્ષેત્ર
સર્જાઈ રહ્યું છે જ્યાં વરસાદની આશંકા
ચેન્નઈનાં ચારે જળાશય સૂકાયાં
તસવીર ચેન્નઈના પુઝલ જળાશયની છે જે
પહોંચતા સંપર્ણ ૂ મહારાષ્ટ્ર અને છે. જોકે તમિલનાડુમાં ચોમાસાનો સૂકાઈ ગયું છે. શહેરને પાણી આપનારાં
ગોવામાં પણ ધોધમાર વરસાદ પડ્યો વરસાદ વરસ્યો જ નથી. ચેન્નઈમાં બાકી ત્રણ જળાશયોમાં પણ પાણી નથી.
હતો. મોનસૂનથી સૌથી વધુ રાહત સરકારે એક કરોડ લિટર પાણી ટ્રેનથી શહેરને હવે ટ્રેનથી પાણી પહોંચાડાશે.
બિહારને મળી છે જ્યાં લૂથી અત્યાર પહોંચાડવાની વાત કહી હતી.

મુંબઈની લોકલ ટ્રેનોમાં મહિલા કોચનું


FATFમાં પાક.ને બ્લેકલિસ્ટ દિલ્હીમાં ટ્યૂશન ટીચરે 3
બાળક- પત્નીની હત્યા કરી
કરવા ભારતે મોશન મૂ વ કરી
ઈન્ટિરિયર બદલ્યું, પેઈન્ટિંગથી શણગાર્યું

ચીન આંતરરાષ્ટ્રીય સ્તરે ફરી એક વખત પાકિસ્તાનને બચાવવા આગળ આવ્યું


મુંબઈ | મુંબઇમાં લોકલ ટ્રેનમાં મહિલા પ્રવાસીઓને
ભારતીય રેલવેએ મોટી ભેટ આપી છે. લોકલ ટ્રેનમાં
એજન્સી | નવી દિલ્હી મહિનાનો નેગોશિએશન પીરિયડ છે. પર યોગ્ય રીતે લગામ લગાવવામાં પાક. આતંકી સંગઠનો
પરંતુ 27 માપદંડોમાંથી 24 પર હજી પાકિસ્તાન નિષ્ફળ રહ્યું છે. એફએટીએફે તેની પાછળનું કારણ હાલ જણાવ્યું
ખાસ કરીને મહિલાઓ માટે લગાવાતા કોચમાં ભારતે ત્રાસવાદ મુદ્દે પાકિસ્તાનને ફરી પણ તે નિષ્ફળ રહ્યું છે. હવે પાકિસ્તાનને કહ્યું હતું કે આતંકી ફંડિંગ રોકવા માટે જે
પર પગલાં લેવામાં નિષ્ફળ { પોતાને ડિપ્રેશનથી નથી. દક્ષિણ દિલ્હીના ડીસીપીએ
ઈન્ટિરિયરને મહિલા પ્રવાસીઓની પસંદગીને અનુરૂપ પાકિસ્તાને આ વ્યૂહાત્મક
તૈયાર કરાયું છે. કોચના જુદા જુદા ભાગોને મહિલાઓની
એક વખત સાણસામાં લેવાનો પ્રયાસ ઓક્ટોબર સુધીનો સમય મળ્યો છે. એક્શન પ્લાનની ડેડલાઈન જાન્યુઆરી
ખામીઓ દૂર કરવા માટે કામ પીડિત ગણાવ્યો જણાવ્યું કે ઉપેન્દ્રની ધરપકડ કરી
કરતાં એફએટીએફમાં તેને બ્લેક લિસ્ટ એફએટીએફએ પાકિસ્તાનને 2019 હતી તેના પર પણ પાકિસ્તાને એજન્સી | નવી દિલ્હી લેવાઈ છે અને તેની પૂછપરછ
પસંદગીનાં પેઇન્ટિંગથી શણગાર્યા છે. કોચની કોઈ કરવું જોઈએ. પાકિસ્તાન
કરવાની મોશન મૂવ કરી હતી. પરંતુ આતંકવાદીઓને ફંડિંગ કરનારા થોડી જ પ્રગતિ દર્શાવી છે. પાકિસ્તાનને કરાઈ રહી છે. પોલીસે હત્યામાં
દીવાલ પર સમુદ્રમાં તરતી માછલીઓ દેખાય છે તો આતંકી સંગઠનો દાએશ,
ફરી એક વખત ચીન આંતરરાષ્ટ્રીય મંચ શંકાસ્પદ દેશની યાદીમાં નાંખ્યું ચેતવણી આપતા તેણે મે 2019 સુધી રાજધાની દિલ્હીના મહરૌલીમાં એક ઉપયોગમાં લેવાયેલ ચપ્પુ જપ્ત કરી
કોઈ દીવાલ પર પ્રાકૃતિક સુંદરતા દર્શાવવા માટે સુંદર અલ કાયદા, જમાત-ઉદ-દાવા
પર પાકિસ્તાનની મદદે આવ્યું છે. ચીને છે. એફએટીએફ દેશોના આતંકી ટાર્ગેટ પૂરો કરવાના નિર્દેશ આપ્યા હતા. વ્યક્તિએ શનિવારે વહેલી સવારે લીધું છે. આજુબાજુના લોકોનું કહેવું
પુષ્પ અને પતંગિયાં બનાવાયાં છે. ટ્રેનના બાહ્ય ભાગમાં અને તેનો જ ભાગ ફલહ-
તેના મિત્ર પાકિસ્તાનને ફાઈનાન્સિયલ ફંડિંગ રોકવા પર નજર રાખે છે, તેણે ભારતના પ્રયાસોના પગલે તેની પત્ની અને ત્રણ બાળકોની છે કે ઉપેન્દ્ર છેલ્લા કેટલાક સમયથી
આધુનિક મહિલાને દર્શાવતી તસવીરો પણ બનાવાઈ છે એ-ઈન્સાનિયત ફાઉન્ડેશન,
એક્શન ટાસ્ક ફોર્સ (એફએટીએફ)માં ફેબ્રુઆરી 2019માં પાકિસ્તાનને સ્પષ્ટ પાકિસ્તાન આ સંસ્થા દ્વારા અગાઉ ચપ્પાથી ગળુ કાપીને હત્યા કરી ડિપ્રેશનથી પીડિત હતો. ઉપેન્દ્ર
જેથી સરળતાથી જાણી શકાય કે આ મહિલા કોચ છે. લશ્કર-એ-તોયબા, જૈશ-એ
બ્લેક લિસ્ટ થતાં બચાવી લીધું છે. સંભળાવતા ચેતવણી પણ આપી હતી. આતંકવાદના મુદ્દે ગ્રે લીસ્ટમાં મૂકાયું નાંખી. ઉપેન્દ્ર શુક્લા (42) નામની પોતે પણ કહ્યું કે તે ડિપ્રેશનમાં છે.
મોહમ્મદ, હક્કાની નેટવર્ક અને
કોલકાતામાં વૃદ્ધ મહિલાની દેખરેખ હાલ ગ્રે લિસ્ટમાં ચાલી રહેલા ફાઈનાન્શિયલ એક્શન ટાસ્ક ફોર્સે કહ્યું હતુું. ભારતે પાકિસ્તાનને વારંવાર
તાલિબાન સાથે સંકળાયેલા
આ વ્યક્તિ ટ્યુશન ભણાવે છે. તેણે જે ઘરમાં તેણે બધાને મારી નાંખ્યા
કરવાને બદલે નર્સે 4 મહિના મારઝૂડ કરી પાકિસ્તાને આતંકી ફંડિંગ પર લગામ હતું કે તોયબા, જૈશ અને જમાત-ઉદ- તેના દેશમાં આતંકી જૂથોને કામ કરતા તેની પત્ની અર્ચના શુક્લા અને તે ઘરમાં તેની સાસુ રહેતી હતી.
લોકોના જોખમોનું યોગ્ય
લગાવવાની છે અને તેના માટે 18 દાવા જેવા આતંકી સંગઠનોના ફંડિંગ અટકાવવા ચેતવણી આપી છે. ત્રણ સંતાનોની હત્યા કરી નાંખી. તેમણે જોયું કે સવારે ઉપેન્દ્રએ ઘણા
કોલકાતા | એક વૃદ્ધ મહિલાની દેખરેખ માટે રખાયેલી આકલન બતાવતું નથી.
બાળકોની વય 6 વર્ષ, 5 વર્ષ અને મોડા સમય સુધી દરવાજો ખોલ્યો
નર્સ સંજુક્તા પાઈકની શુક્રવારે પોલીસે ધરપકડ કરી 2 મહિના હતી. નહીં. પછી તેણે પડોશીઓને કહ્યું.
હતી. પોલીસે કહ્યું કે ગાંગુલીબાગાન ક્ષેત્રમાં 85 વર્ષીય
ઉત્તરપ્રદેશમાં દુષ્કર્મના ઉપેન્દ્રે પોતે નોંધ લખીને ત્યાર પછી પડોશીઓએ પોલીસને
વૃદ્ધ મહિલા સુકુમારી સાહાને બ્રેઈન હેમરેજ હોવાને લીધે
દેખરેખ માટે તેમના પરિજનોએ ચાર મહિના પહેલાં
સંજુક્તાને રાખી હતી. એક દિવસ પરિજનોએ જોયું
જોધપુરમાં ધૂળભરી આંધી કેસમાં બસપા સાંસદ
હત્યાની વાત કબૂલી છે, પરંતુ તેણે

CM કમલનાથે સરકારી હોસ્પિટલમાં


જાણ કરી.

કે વૃદ્ધ મહિલાના ચહેરા પર ઈજાનાં નિશાન હતાં તો અતુલ રાય કોર્ટની શરણે
તેમણે રૂમમાં સીસીટીવી કેમેરા લગાવ્યા. તેના પછી
જાણ થઈ કે નર્સ વૃદ્ધ મહિલાની મારઝૂડ કરતી હતી. 07 દિવસ પછી જયપુરમાં પારો ફરી 40 પાર એજન્સી | વારાણસી આંગળીનું ઓપરેશન કરાવ્યું
પછી વૃદ્ધ મહિલાના દીકરા ઉત્તમ સાહાએ પોલીસમાં
ફરિયાદ કરી. 43.8 ડિગ્રી સાથે ચૂરુ સૌથી ગરમ ઉત્તરપ્રદેશના ઘોસીથી બસપા સાંસદ
અતુલકુમાર સિંહ ઉર્ફ અતુલ રાયે
વર્લ્ડ વિન્ડો શનિવારે કોર્ટમાં શરણાગતિ સ્વીકારી
લીધી હતી. તેમને 14 દિવસની
કમ્બોડિયા : 80% બની ચૂકેલી સાત ન્યાયિક હિરાસતમાં લઈને જેલ
મોકલાયા હતા. આરોપી સાંસદ
માળની ઈમારત ધસી, 3નાં મોત કોર્ટમાં શરણે આવશે એવી શંકા થતાં
જ લંકા પોલીસે તેમની ધરપકડ કરવા
માટે કચેરીમાં જવાનો ગોઠવી દીધા
હતા, પરંતુ તેઓ અસફળ રહ્યા હતા. ભોપાલ | સામાન્ય રીતે નેતાઓ સરકારી હોસ્પિટલોમાં સારવાર કરાવતા
અતલ ુ રાયે વકીલોના ડ્રેસમાં તેમના ખચકાય છે, પરંતુ મધ્ય પ્રદેશના મુખ્યમંત્રી કમલનાથે શનિવારે તેમની
જયપુર | રાજસ્થાનમાં પ્રી-મોનસૂનના વરસાદથી નીચું ગયેલું તાપમાન ફરી વધવા લાગ્યું છે. શનિવારે જયપુરમાં દિવસે પારો 4 ડિગ્રી વકીલોની સાથે જ કોર્ટ પરિસરમાં આંગળીનું ઓપરેશન મધ્ય પ્રદેશની હમીદિયા હોસ્પિટલમાં કરાવ્,યું જે સફળ
વધી 40.1 પર પહોંચી ગયો હતો. 7 દિવસ પછી અહીં તાપમાન 40ને પાર ગયું છે. 43.8 ડિગ્રી સાથે ચૂરું સૌથી ગરમ શહેર રહ.્યું આવીને મેજિસ્ટ્રેટ સામે શરણાગતિ રહ.્યું ભૂતપૂર્વ મખુ ્યમંત્રી શિવરાજસિંહ ચૌહાણે તેમના આ પગલાંની પ્રશંસા કરી
આ દરમિયાન જોધપુર જિલ્લાના ગ્રામીણ વિસ્તારો પર શનિવારે સાંજે 5 વાગ્યે ધૂળની ડમરીઓ છવાઈ ગઈ હતી. લોહાવટ, બાપ, સ્વીકારી હતી. રાયે એક વીડિયો સંદશ
ે હતી. સીએમઓના નિવેદન મજુ બ કમલનાથના ડાબા હાથની આંગળી અકડાઈ
તિંવરી, ઓસિયાં, મથાનિયા, ફલોદીમાં ઝડપી પવન ફૂંકાયો હતો અને લગભગ એક કલાક સુધી આકાશમાં ધૂળ જ ધૂળ જોવા મળી થકી કોર્ટ પર વિશ્વાસ વ્યક્ત કરીને ગઈ હતી અને તેમને દુખાવો થતો હતો આથી તેઓ યોગ દિવસના કાર્યક્રમમાં
નોમ પેન્હ | કમ્બોડિયામાં શનિવારે સવારે સાત માળની હતી. હાઈવે પર થંભી ગયા હતા અને જન-જીવન અસ્તવ્યસ્ત થઈ ગયું હત.ું નિષ્પક્ષ તપાસની અપીલ કરી હતી. ભાગ લઈ શક્યા નહોતા.
ઈમારત ધસી પડતાં ત્રણ લોકો મૃત્યુ પામ્યા. 21 લોકો
ઘવાયા હતા. પ્રિયાહ સિંહનુક પ્રાંતના ગવર્નર યૂં મિને બાલાકૃષ્ણન રાજ્યમાં માકપાના પ્રદેશ મહાસચિવના હોદ્દે કાર્યરત શ્રેણીબદ્ધ બોમ્બ વિસ્ફોટો પછી શ્રીલંકા હજુ પણ એલર્ટ
જણાવ્યું કે ઇમારત ધસી પડતાં લગભગ 50થી વધુ લોકો કર્ણાટકમાં સીએમનું ગામોમાં રોકાવાનું અભિયાન
ઘટનાસ્થળે હાજર હતા. કાટમાળ નીચેથી 19ને બચાવી
લેવાયા હતા. અધિકારીઓ મુજબ ઇમારતનું લગભગ માકપા નેતા બાલાકૃષ્ણનના પુત્ર કુમારસ્વામી સ્કૂલની જમીન પર શ્રીલંકન રાષ્ટ્રપતિ સિરિસેનાએ
80 ટકા નિર્માણકાર્ય પૂરું થઈ ગયું હતું.
અફઘાન : સુરક્ષાદળો અને આતંકીઓ પર દુષ્કર્મ-છેતરપિંડીનો આરોપ સૂઈ ગયા, કહ્યું- આ 5 સ્ટાર નથી બીજી વાર કટોકટી કાળ વધાર્યો
વચ્ચે અથડામણ, 14 લોકોનાં મોત { માકપા મહાસચિવ વયસ્ક છે અને પરિવાર સાથે અલગ
રહે છે. તેણે જે કંઈ કર્યું છે તેના માટે તે { હજુ થોડો સમય સેનાના ગોઠવાયો હતો. આ વિસ્ફોટોમાં 258
લોકોનાં મૃત્યુ થયાં હતાં જ્યારે અનેક
બાલાકૃષ્ણને કહ્યું - પુત્રને જવાબદાર છે. માકપા નેતાએ કહ્યું કે વ્યાપક અધિકારો જાળવી ઘાયલ થયા હતા. સિરિસેનાએ કહ્યું
હું કે મારો પક્ષ નહીં બચાવે બિનોય ક્યાં છે એ વિશે હું કશું નથી
જાણતો. મારા પરિવારના કોઈ સભ્યે રાખવા સમય વધારાયો હતું કે મારા માનવા પ્રમાણે દેશમાં
સાર્વજનિક કટોકટી હતી અને તે
એજન્સી| તિરુવનંતપુરમ પીડિત મહિલાનો સંપર્ક કર્યો હતો, એ એજન્સી | કોલંબો વધારવાનો હેતુ સાર્વજનિક સુરક્ષા
આરોપ હું ફગાવું છું. અધિનિયમના નિયમો લાગુ કરવાનો
કેરળમાં માર્કસિસ્ટ કોમ્યુનિસ્ટ પાર્ટી બિનોય વિરુદ્ધ ફરિયાદ કરનારી શ્રીલંકાના રાષ્ટ્રપતિ મૈત્રીપાલ છે. શંકાસ્પદોને પકડવા માટે પોલીસ
(માકપા)ના મહાસચિવ કોડિએરી મહિલા મુંબઈની પૂર્વ બાર ડાન્સર બેંગલુરુ | કર્ણાટકના મુખ્યમંત્રી પડ્યા હતા. કુમારસ્વામીએ ગામમાં સિરિસેનાએ શનિવારે દેશમાં અને સુરક્ષાદળોને વ્યાપક અધિકાર
કાબુલ | અફઘાનિસ્તાનના તગબ જિલ્લામાં સુરક્ષાદળો બાલાકૃષ્ણનના પુત્ર બિનોય કોડિએરી છે. તેનો આરોપ છે કે બિનોયે લગ્ન એચ.ડી. કુમારસ્વામીએ શુક્રવારે પ્રેસ કોન્ફરન્સ કરીને કહ્યું હતું કે લાગુ કટોકટીનો કાળ વધારી દીધો આપનારા આ સખ્ત કાયદા શનિવારે
અને આતંકીઓ વચ્ચે અથડામણમાં 12 આતંકી માર્યા વિરુદ્ધ મુંબઈ પોલીસે એક મહિલાની કરવાનું વચન આપીને મારી સાથે યાદગિર જિલ્લાના ગુરમિટકલ આખરે 5 સ્ટાર સુવિધાઓ શું હોય છે. શ્રીલંકામાં આ વર્ષે એપ્રિલમાં સમાપ્ત થવાના હતા. એ પહેલાં જ આ
ગયા. આ દરમિયાન બે સુરક્ષાકર્મી પણ શહીદ થઇ ગયા ફરિયાદને પગલે દુષ્કર્મ અને દુષ્કર્મ કર્યું છે. તેની સાથેના સંબંધથી ગામમાં ગ્રામ વાસ્તવ્ય 2.0 શરૂ છે? આ 5 સ્ટાર સુવિધા નથી, પરંતુ ઈસ્ટરના રોજ થયેલા બોમ્બ વિસ્ફોટો નિર્ણય લેવાયો હતો. આ દરમિયાન
હતા. પોલીસ પ્રવક્તા અબ્દુલ શકીક શુરાષે જણાવ્યું કે છેતરપિંડીનો કેસ દાખલ કર્યો છે. જોકે, અમારો આઠ વર્ષનો એક પુત્ર પણ છે. કર્યું હતું. આ અભિયાન હેઠળ તેઓ હું તો રસ્તા પર સૂવા પણ તૈયાર છું. પછી સુરક્ષા કારણસર કટોકટી જાહેર સિરિસેનાએ અમેરિકા, ઓસ્ટ્રેલિયા,
તાલિબાની આતંકીઓએ તગબ જિલ્લાના શાપગિલી અને હાલ બિનોય ફરાર છે. આ મામલામાં આ કેસમાં પોલીસે બિનોયને નોટિસ તેમના રાજ્યનાં વિવિધ ગામોમાં હું વિપક્ષને પૂછવા માંગુ છું કે શું મને કરાઈ હતી. કટોકટી હેઠળ સમગ્ર કેનેડા, જાપાનના રાજદૂતોને કહ્યું
નાવા વિસ્તારમાં હુમલો કર્યો હતો. જવાબમાં સુરક્ષાદળોએ બાલાકૃષ્ણને કહ્યું કે બિનોયનો બચાવ ફટકારીને 72 કલાકમાં હાજર થવાનો રોકાશે. પહેલા દિવસે કુમારસ્વામી જરૂરી સુવિધા લેવાનો પણ હક નથી? દેશમાં એરપોર્ટ, પ્રાર્થના સ્થળો અને હતું કે દેશમાં સુરક્ષાની સ્થિતિ 99%
ગોળીબાર શરૂ કર્યો. આ અથડામણ 12 કલાક ચાલી હતી. ના તો હું કરીશ, ના તો મારો પક્ષ. તે આદેશ કર્યો છે. એક સ્કૂલમાં પથારી કરીને સૂતા નજરે આ રીતે રોજિંદુ કામ કેવી રીતે કરીશ? સ્કૂલ-કોલેજમાં ચાંપતો બંદોબસ્ત સામાન્ય છે.
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12
नई दिल्ली
रनववार, 23 जूि, 2019

नतब्बत की हकीकत तिब्बिी रफकमकार और लेखक पेमा सेदेन इन


रदनों शरमिंदा महसूस कर रहे हैं। वषोिं िक
उन्होंने चीनी के साथ-साथ अपनी रिब्बिी
और कृरिि में उसकी रिब्बिी पहचान केंद्रीय
थथान रखिी है। और उनकी यह थवीकारोरति
उस रवरोधाभास के बारे में भी बिािी है,
की रफकमों में बहुसंख्यक हान चीनी समुदाय
का शायद ही कोई चररि हो। लेरकन िमाम
रिब्बिी इस बाि पर लगभग सहमि हैं रक पेमा
संवेदनशील है। लाल सेना ने 1951 में रिब्बि
पर कब्जा कर रलया, और िभी से वह चीन
द्वारा शारसि है। हालांरक 2008 में वहां रथथरि

निखाता एक नफल्मकार भाषा में बेहद सहजिा से कहारनयां और


रफकमों की पटकथाएं रलखीं। लेरकन बाद के
रदनों में रफकमों और रवज्ञापनों की भारी
रजसका सामना चीन में प्ररशरिि रिब्बिी
रफकमकारों की नई पीढ़ी को रोज ही करना
पड़िा है। उनचास साल के पेमा चीन में काम
की रफकमें इस अथम में दुलभम हैं रक वे रिब्बि
पर रिब्बरियों की सोच को सामने लािी हैं।
पेमा की रफकमें रिब्बि की सीधी-सरल, और
रबगड़ी, जब रिब्बरियों ने चीनी कब्जे का
रवरोध रकया, रजसका बीरजंग ने ित्काल दमन
रकया। उसकी प्ररिरिया में अनेक रिब्बरियों ने
व्यथििा के बीच उनके पास रसफफ उस चीनी करने वाले ऐसे पहले रिब्बिी रफकमकार हैं, कभी गुथसैल छरव को रचरिि करिी हैं। आत्मदाह कर रलया। ऐसी रथथरि में चीन द्वारा
भाषा में रलखने का ही रवककप रह गया, जो न रजसने रिब्बिी भाषा की एक पूरी रफकम की 'पेमा सेदेन की रफकमें इस अथम में प्रामारणक हैं सरकारी आवेदन पि के रलए दबाव डालना
केवल उनकी दूसरी भाषा है, बरकक कभी- शूरटंग चीन में की है। वह प्ररसि बीरजंग रफकम रक वे उन सामारजक मुद्दों पर फोकस करिी भी कुछ रिब्बरियों को अपना अपमान जैसा
कभी वह रिब्बिी पर चीनी भाषा को िरजीह एकेडमे ी से ग्रेजएु ट होने वाले पहले रिब्बिी हैं, जो सभी रिब्बरियों को जोड़िे हैं,' शेररंग लगिा है।
भी देिे रहे हैं। रफकमकार भी हैं। शातय कहिे हैं, जो यूरनवरसमटी ऑफ रिरटश पेमा की ज्यादािर कहारनयां वथिुिः उनके
एमी नकि अपनी मािृभाषा रिब्बिी की उपेिा का िीव्रिर वह अपनी िरह के अकेले रफकमकार हैं, जो कोलंरबया में रिब्बिी सारहत्य और समाज के अपने अनुभव ही हैं, जो रिब्बि के पठारी
भाव हाल के रदनों में उनमें िब आया, जब मौजूदा दौर में रवरल है। आटट रफकम बनाने प्रोफेसर हैं। शातय इस संदभम में पेमा की थणललण इलाके रकंघाई में एक गड़ेररये के बेटे के िौर पर
© The New York Times 2019 उन्होंने खुद को एक ऐसी रकिाब के लोकापमण वाले वह ऐसे रनदमेशक हैं, जो सेंसर करने वाली रफकम का उकलेख करिे हैं। यह एक ऐसे बचपन गुजारिे हुए उनके जीवन का रहथसा
के अवसर पर मंच पर पाया, जो उन्हीं की चीनी चीन की िानाशाही व्यवथथा में भी उिनी ही गड़ेररये की कहानी है, जो अपने एकांि पहाड़ी था। वह कहिे हैं रक उनके दुगमम गांव में
भाषा में रलखी पुथिक थणललण थी, रजसका रकसी सहजिा से काम करिे हैं। आज भी वह ऐसी गांव से रनकलकर शहर में आिा है, लेरकन रकिाबें इिनी दुलभ म थीं रक एक रडतशनरी
नतब्बत की संविे िशीलता को िेखते हुए नकसी ने रिब्बिी में अनुवाद रकया था। 'रकसी दूसरे कहारनयों पर रफकमें बनािे हैं, जो एक ओर रिब्बि पर हो रहे चीनी दमन के रवरोध में वहां उसे सरकारी पररचय पि पाने के रलए खरीदने के रलए एक याक बेचना पड़िा था।
नफल्मकार के नलए नतब्बत की हकीकत बतािा आसाि व्यरति ने मेरे उपन्यास का मेरी मािृभाषा में आम दशमकों को संबोरधि होिी है, िो दूसरी मुखरिा से अपनी बाि रफकमों में रखें। हालांरक ररजथट्रेशन करवा लेने के रलए कहा जािा है। रिब्बिी संथकृरि से जुड़ने का श्रेय वह अपने
काम िही् है। इसके बावजूि पेमा सेििे अपिी नफल्मो् अनुवाद रकया, जो सुनने में बेहद अजीब लगिा िरफ चीन की कम्युरनथट सिा पर बांध दी गई उनकी सभी रफकमों की पृटठभूरम रिब्बि या इस पर वह सरल गड़ेररया जवाब देिा है, दादा जी को देिे हैं, जो थकूल से लौटिे ही उन्हें
है,' मिंपण और थणललण जैसी बेहद चरचमि रफकमों हदबंरदयों से बाहर होिी हैं। वह लगािार रफकमें रिब्बिी इलाके हैं, जो रक चीन में बेहद 'आप जानिे हैं रक मैं कौन हूं। तया इिना बौि धमम से जुड़ी पांडरु लरपयों को कॉरपयों में
मे् समकालीि राजिीनत या िलाई लामा का नजक्् नकए के मृदभ ु ाषी रनदमेशक पेमा सेदने ने हाल ही में बना पा रहे हैं, िो इसरलए रक अपनी रफकमों में संवदे नशील रवषय है। लेरकन उन रफकमों में काफी नहीं है?' उिारने का काम देिे थे। पढ़ाई के बाद रकंघाई
बगैर नतब्बनतयो् के िमि को स्वर िे पा रहे है,् तो यह एक इंटरव्यू के दौरान कही। वे राजनीरिक संदभोिं को परोि रूप से ले आिे दलाई लामा का रजि नहीं है, रजन पर चीनी पेमा की रफकमों में रिब्बि को देखकर रजस में ही थकूल माथटरी, रफर रसरवल सरवमस में एक
बहुत बड्ी बात है। खुद को दोषी मानने की बाि एक ऐसे व्यरति हैं। बावजूद इसके रक रवदेशों में रहने वाले रिब्बि की आजादी के रलए गोपनीय ढंग से ठंडेपन का एहसास होिा है, रथथरि उससे दशक खपाने के बाद वह रफकम के अध्ययन
के मुहं से सुनी जा रही है, रजसके व्यरतित्व अनेक रिब्बिी उन पर दबाव बनािे हैं रक वह काम करने का आरोप लगािे हैं। ऐसे ही पेमा अरधक िनावपूणम और राजनीरिक रूप से के रलए बीरजंग चले गए।

सरकार के भीतर सरकार


आज हम नजस मुख्य चुिौती का सामिा कर रहे है्, वह िीनत निम्ायण िही् है। आज जो मुख्य चुिौती है, वह िीनत बिािे को लेकर िही्
है। यह िीनत के कुशल, नकफायती और उत्कृष् काय्ायन्वयि मे् है।
नमस्कार ह र सरकार िब हैरि में पड़ जािी है, जब उसका रवचार कर सकिे हैं, कोई नीरिगि नाकामी नहीं थी।
यशवंत व्यास सामना रकसी गंभीर संकट से होिा है। इसमें रकसी रकसी भी सरकार की नीरि होिी है, थवाथथ्य सुरवधाओं
न रकसी की िो गलिी होिी है, लेरकन कोई रजम्मेदारी पी नचिंबरम और अथपिालों का रनमामण िथा संसाधनों और

गन्िा, लीची, बच््े,


नहीं लेिा। आरखर में रजम्मेदारी सरकार के मुरखया यानी कममचाररयों का इंिजाम करना; शहरों और कथबों में
मुख्यमंिी या प्रधानमंिी पर ही आिी है। हालांरक गहरी पूव्य के्द्ीय मंत्ी गुणविा युति ढांचे का रनमामण करना और सौंदयीमकरण
जांच से पिा चलेगा रक वह पहले व्यरति नहीं हैं, रजन्हें इत्यारद। रवधारयका और कायमपारलका (मंिीगण) नीरि
रजम्मेदार ठहराया जाना चारहए। बनािे हैं और थवाभारवक रूप से चाहिे हैं रक उस पर

श््ाि आनि-इत्यानि क्रूर मौतें


इंसफे ले ाइरटस के प्रकोप ने रबहार के मुजफ्फरपुर में 140
अमीर नगर रनगमों में से एक सूरि की रविीय िमिा से
बाहर की चीज है, इसके बावजूद साि गरीब व्यरतियों
प्रभावी िरीके से अमल हो। लेरकन इरादे और अमल के
बीच बड़ा अंिर है। तयों? हम इसका जवाब देने में
रहचकिे हैं, लेरकन कहना जरूरी है ः सरकार यानी

अ ापने तया कभी गन्ना काटा है? बीड़, मराठवाड़ा की मजदूररनें अपने
परि के साथ रमलकर ठेकदे ार से एक करार करिी हैं। एक टन गन्ने
काटने के ढाई सौ रुपये। कुल चार से पांच महीनों का काम रजसमें
बच्चों को लील रलया है, रजस पर गौर रकया जाना
चारहए। केंद्रीय थवाथथ्य मंिालय के मैनज े मेंट इन्फममेशन
रसथटम के मुिारबक रजले में रथथि सभी 103 प्राथरमक
को मरने रदया गया। (2011 से 2018 के दौरान भारि
के सभी राज्यों में कुल 114 सफाई कममचाररयों की मौि
हो गई।)
गवनममटें (रजसमें 'जी' केरपटल है) के भीिर एक और
गवनममटें (थमॉल 'जी') है। इस थमॉल-जी गवनममटें ने
रबग-जी गवनममटें के साथ ही, कम से कम भारि में,
िीन सौ टन काटकर रमले पैसों से साल भर उनकी गृहथथी चलेगी। इसरलए थवाथथ्य केंद्रों और एकमाि सामुदारयक थवाथथ्य केंद्र को लोगों को भी रवफल कर रदया है। दो रवरोधाभासी
एक रदन भी छूट जाए िो तया हो? और वह भी जब, मारसक धमम के चलिे पांच में से शून्य रेरटंग रमली थी, तयोंरक वे मूकयांकन के आहत करने वाली उपेक्षा उदाहरणों से मैं इसे थपटट करिा हूं। नोटबंदी एक बड़ी
हो िो तया हो? उन चार रदनों के बदले पांच सौ रुपये रोज की पेनकटी रलए अरनवायम आवचयकिाओं (रचरकत्सा अरधकारी, नसम एक और आहि करने वाला अरवचवसनीय आंकड़ा हैः नीरिगि भूल थी; रजन मंरियों ने इस नीरि पर रवचार
लगेगी और पैसा कट जाएगा सो अलग। िो मजदूररन तया करे? वह कोख और आया) को पूरा नहीं करिे थे। मुजफ्फरपुर के रदकली में रोजाना औसिन चार लोगों की सड़क हादसों रकया और रबग-जी गवनममटें का रनमामण रकया उन्हें
के उस रहथसे से ही मुति हो जािी है, रजसके चलिे जीवन का यह चि श्रीकृटण मेरडकल कॉलेज और अथपिाल की बाल में मौि हो जािी है। आप ककपना कर सकिे हैं रक चार इसकी रजम्मेदारी लेनी चारहए। दूसरी ओर जीएसटी एक
उसके जीवन को जीवन बनाने के रलए बनािा है। गांव के गांव - जहां रचरकत्सा इकाई, जहां प्रभारवि बच्चों का इलाज रकया लोग कल मारे जाएंगे, चार परसों और इसी िरह से चार अच्छी नीरि है। इसके बावजूद इसने नोटबंदी जैसी
औरिों ने गभामशय रनकाल रदए हैं। सजमरी के रलए भी ठेकदे ार एडवांस देने गया था, बाल रचरकत्सा से संबरं धि आईसीयू के रूप में के औसि से लोग रोजाना अकेले रदकली में मारे जािे हैं। परेशानी पैदा की, िो इसकी रजम्मेदारी थमॉल-जी गवनममटें
को िैयार बैठा है। उधार कटाओ, मुति हो जाओ। अहमिा प्राटि करने के मापदंड पूरा नहीं करिी। इन िथ्यों पूरी दुरनया में एक साल के दौरान हवाई हादसों में मारे को उठानी चारहए। थवच्छ भारि एक अच्छी नीरि है,
गन्ना कट रहा है। रमलों में जा रहा है। शतकर बन रही है। आपकी जीभ की के आधार पर रकसे रजम्मेदारी उठानी चारहए? कोई इसके जाने वालों की संख्या इस आंकड़े का छोटा-सा रहथसा लेरकन राज्यों और गांवों में खुले में शौच करने की रथथरि
रमठास में जो शतकर आिी है, उसमें एक कोख की चीख भी होिी है। पर रलए िैयार नहीं, इसरलए हम एक छोटे (और थवारदटट) भर होिी है! आरखर हवाई यािा के रलए िो कड़े रनयम से संबरं धि गलि आंकड़े अंरकि हैं और यह थमॉल जी-
आपको सुनाई नहीं देिी। फल को रजम्मेदार ठहराएंगे, रजसे लीची के नाम से जाना हैं, लेरकन सड़क यािा के रलए रशरथल रनयम तयों हैं? गवनममटें की धोखेबाजी को ही दशामिा है। उज्ज्वला एक
चीख के एक िरफ गन्ना है, जािा है! डॉतटर कहिे हैं रक लीची का रसफफ उन बच्चों (2011 से 2017 के दौरान रदकली में सड़क हादसों में अच्छी नीरि है, लेरकन एक वषम में िीन रसलेंडर बदलने
दूसरी िरफ लीची है। मीठे से पर बुरा असर होिा है, रजन्होंने राि को भोजन नहीं रकया। 12,724 लोगों की मौि हो गई।) जाने की दर थमॉल-जी गवनममटें की नाकामी है।
मीठे का भाग दो िो कुल िो उन बच्चों ने राि को भोजन तयों नहीं रकया? इसरलए तया आपने कभी रदकली के बारापुला फ्लाईओवर से हम जब वोट देिे हैं, िो हम लोग रबग-जी गवनममेंट के
रकिना मीठा बचा? सयाने तयोंरक वे गरीब हैं और उन्हें भोजन नहीं रमल सका। तया होकर यािा की है, रजस पर रदकली सरकार का रलए वोट देिे हैं। वहां एक थमॉल-जी गवनममेंट भी होिी
कहिे हैं मुजफ्फरपुर में भूखे कोई चीज इससे भी अरधक हिाशाजनक और पीडब्कयूडी रवभाग 'गवम' करिा है और रजसे िैयार होने में है, रजस पर हम लोगों का कोई बस नहीं होिा। उसके
बच्चे लीची खा जािे हैं, पीड़ादायक हो सकिी है? (2008 और 2014 के दौरान बरसों लग गए? यह एक औसि फ्लाईओवर है, इसकी चयन, रनयुरति, प्ररशिण, िरमक रवकास, पदथथापना,
इसरलए उसके जहर से मर इंसफ े ले ाइरटस से 6,000 मौिें हुईं।) रडजाइन भी औसि है, यहां का सफर भी औसि ही है मूकयांकन या पदोन्नरि में हमारी कोई भूरमका नहीं होिी।
जािे हैं। ‘चमकी बुखार’ का अभी कुछ रदन पहले गुजराि में वडोदरा के नजदीक और इसका रनमामण भी बहुि खराब है। जरा राथिे में वाहन हम इसे ऐसे ही नहीं चलने दे सकिे। हमें थमाल-जी
कोई इलाज नहीं है, वो िो एक होटल के सेरटटक टैंक की सफाई करिे समय साि के दोनों ओर की दीवारों पर नजर डालें, िो पिा चलेगा गवनममेंट को रफर से गढ़ना होगा। रजस िरह से हम लोग
एक सुबह बीड् मे् होती है, गन्िे मरेंग।े ये िो सालाना उत्सव है। सफाई कममचाररयों की मौि हो गई। यह पहला मौका नहीं रक ये या िो रचपट गई हैं या टूट गई हैं, ऊंचाई असमान रबग-जी गवनममेंट और उस पर कारबज लोगों को हर
के खेतो् के बीच। एक सुबह इसमें सरकार बेचारी तया था, जब ऐसी िासदी हुई और दुखद है रक यह आरखरी है, थलैब उखड़ गए हैं, बहुि ही खराब ढंग से टलाथटर और पांच साल में पुरथकृि करिे हैं या दंरडि करिे हैं, उसी
करे? जैसे होली, रदवाली, ईद बार नहीं है। सेरटटक टैंक की सफाई कोई रॉकेट साइंस रंग-रोगन रकया गया और कुल रमलाकर यह बहुि िरह से हमें हर पांच साल या उससे पहले थमाल-जी
मुजफ्फरपुर मे् होती है, आिी है, वैसे ये भूखे बच्चों नहीं है। इसकी सफाई के रलए मशीनें उपलब्ध हैं और बदसूरि है। इसके बावजूद यह सभी गुणविा परीिण पास गवनममेंट और उस पर कारबज होने वालों को दंरडि या
अस्पताल की िेहरी पर। एक की लीची-मौि भी आिी है। केरल के एक थटाटट अप ने इसका एक भारिीय संथकरण कर गया और ठेकदे ार को भुगिान भी कर रदया गया और पुरथकृि करने का राथिा िलाशना होगा।
सुबह अलवर मे् होती है, तार- ररपोटट र ‘चमकी’ से िथि
आईसीयू में घुस गए हैं,
िैयार रकया है। यरद रकसी वजह से सीवर और सेरटटक
टैंक की सफाई के रलए कममचाररयों की रनयुरति जरूरी
2010 में फ्लाईओवर का उद्घाटन भी हो गया। अरधक
रदन नहीं हुए जब इसे मरम्मि के रलए बंद करना पड़ा।
आज हम रजस मुख्य चुनौिी का सामना कर रहे हैं, वह
नीरि रनमामण नहीं है। आज जो मुख्य चुनौिी है, वह नीरि
तार बच््ी की शक्ल मे्। एक डॉतटर कांप रहे हैं, बच्चे ही हो जाए, िो इसके रलए रवशेष िरह के कपड़े, माथक बनाने में नहीं है। यह नीरि के कुशल, रकफायिी और
सुबह निल्ली मे् भी होती है। बेहोश हैं, मांएं रो रही हैं, और ऑतसीजन रसलेंडर उपलब्ध हैं। ऐसे रकसी इरादे और अमल उत्कृटट कायामन्वयन में है।
नचंतक पर नचंता का सरकारें भरे पेट लीची खा रही उपकरण की न िो कमी है और न ही गुजराि के सबसे इन सारे मामलों में, और आप ऐसे दूसरे मामलों पर भी Licensed by The Indian Express Limited
हैं।
‘ओवरलोड’ है। भरे पेट खाने पर लीची ज्यादा

पय्यटि से नबगडती पानरस्सिनतकी


मीठी और अरिररति िौर पर हो जािे हैं। खाने-पीने के बाद फेंके जाने वाले
थवारदटट लगिी है। िब आपको अथपिाल, बीमारी, गरीबी, डॉतटर, इंिजाम, टलारथटक भी पहाड़ के रलए संकट का कारण बन गया
मृत्यु, जीवन आरद पर उत्कृटट रवचार आिे हैं। भूखों ने गलिी की। भूखे है। अगर आज हमने कोई ठोस रनणमय नहीं रलया, िो
हमेशा गलिी करिे हैं, तयोंरक वे भूखे हैं। वे पेट भर लेिे िो लीची जैसी पहाड़ में भी वही रथथरियां पैदा हो जाएंगी, जो मैदानी
लजीज चीज को बदनाम करने से बच जािे। इलाकों में हैं।
उधर गन्ने की रमठास ये है रक मांएं कोख हटवा रही हैं, इधर लीची की मैिािो् मे् गन्मययां बढ्ते ही आजकल लोग पहाड्ो् का र्ख करिे लगे है्, नजससे पहाड्ो् मे् समस्याएं खड्ी होती है्, यह रकिनी बड़ी रबडंबना है रक पयमटक रहमालय में
रमठास ये है रक जो कोख से दुरनया में आ गए, वे मरकर लौट रहे हैं। ये तो पय्यटको् को भी जाम और िूसरी मुसीबतो् से जूझिा पड्ता है। पानी की बोिलें लेकर आिे हैं। जो रहमालय गंगा,
अजन्मों से जनमे हुए सच की दरांिी है, रजसने सीना चाक कर रदया है। यमुना िह्मपुि और िमाम नरदयों को पानी रपलािा है,
मगर सीना चाक करने के मुहावरे को उड़ाकर सेर भर ज्ञारनयों ने सवा सेर पहाडों को टूररथट डेरथटनेशन के रूप में बनाने की छाप रनरचचि रूप से छोड़ दी और शायद अगली बार वहां पयमटकों को पानी की बोिल लेकर तयों चढ़ना
रमवटी लेकर मन के कुम्हारों का आंगन देख रलया है। सरकारें उस चाक पर कवायद हमेशा ही रही है। कुछ हद िक शायद यह वे सोच-समझ कर ही पहाड़ का रुख करेंगे। पड़िा है? ऐसे में, इस सवाल का खड़ा होना लारजमी
अपने ज्ञान के बिमन बनाए जा रही हैं। पहाड़ों की आवचयकिा भी रही है, जहां रोजगार के रोजगार के रूप में पयमटन की समीिा करने का समय है रक आरखर हम हर सौ मीटर पर अपने ही पानी को
उधर कुछ सवा सेर ज्ञानी हैं वे रशकपग्राम के ‘बुटीक’ रकथम के चाक लेकर ज्यादा साधन नहीं हैं। उिराखंड के केदारनाथ, आज आ चुका है। ढेर सारी संख्या में पयमटकों के रफकटर करके पयमटकों को पानी तयों नहीं रपला सकिे।
राजधानी में सुरारहयां बनाने बैठ गए हैं। बुरि के रेथटोरेंट में ये जनिा से बदरीनाथ, गंगोिी व यमुनोिी में लाखों श्रिालु हर साल आवागमन, रहने-खाने और अन्य व्यवथथाओं को पानी के इस व्यापार को हम अपने रहथसे में तयों नहीं
जुड़ी रमवटी के माककेरटयर हैं। सुरारहयों में रवचारधारा का ठंडा पानी है, रपयो धारममक पयमटक के रूप में आिे हैं। लेरकन कुछ समय कहीं-कहीं हकके में रलया जािा रहा है। हमने रख सकिे? उससे दो बड़े फायदे होंगे। एक िो बड़े
और द्वंद्वात्मक भौरिकवाद से ऊपर उठ जाओ। से एक नई प्रवृरि शुरू हुई है। जैसे ही मैदानी इलाकों केदारनाथ की घटना के बाद भी नहीं सीखा रक हमें रोजगार के रूप में पानी हमारे बीच में होगा। और दूसरा
एक सुबह बीड़ में होिी है, गन्ने के खेिों के बीच। एक सुबह मुजफ्फरपुर में गमीम जोर पकड़िी है, लोग रेगूलेटेड टूररज्म यानी रवरनयरमि पयमटन पर यह रक बोिलों के कचरे से हम मुति हो जाएंगे। हमें
में होिी है, अथपिाल की देहरी पर। एक सुबह अलवर में होिी है, िार-िार पहाडों का रुख कर लेिे हैं। इस ध्यान देना चारहए। पहाड़ों पर लोग पहले भी यह भी सोचना होगा रक पयमटकों को अगर पहाड़ों पर
बच्ची की शतल में। एक सुबह रदकली में भी होिी है। रचंिक पर रचंिा का साल अब िक 28 लाख लोग आिे रहे हैं, लेरकन गारड़यों की आकर रचटस ही खाने हैं और कोकाकोला ही पीना है,
‘ओवरलोड’ है। लोधी गाडटन से हवाखोरी करके िृटि हुए चवान को रखलािा पहाड़ पर पहुंच चुके हैं। कई संख्या अब ज्यादा है। औसिन िो रफर पहाड़ की पहचान कैसे बनेगी। बेहिर होगा रक
हुआ रचंिक, फौरजयों के साथ ड्यूटी पर िैनाि, योग करिे चवान पर मायनों में पयमटन पहाड़ों के एक जाम अगर चार घंटे का भी पहाड़ जो िमाम िरह के फलों व अनाज के उत्पादक
लिीफा सुनािा है और हे-हे करके िांरि का उबला हुआ नाचिा करिा है। रलए सीधे रोजगार का बड़ा अनिल प््काश जोशी हुआ और उसमें 1,000 भी हैं, उन्हीं के उत्पाद पयमटकों को उपलब्ध कराए
अब वह बलात्कार, लूट, मौि, भूख, मुठभेड़ सबको पहले रवचारधारा की काम करिा ही है और इसने गारड़यां फंसीं, िो इसमें िेल जाएं। इससे हमारा रोजगार बढ़ेगा और हमारे संसाधनों
टेथट-ट्यूब में डालेगा और मनमारफक रंग आने पर राटट्र पर खिरे का रकया भी है। सबसे बड़ी बाि डीजल/पेट्रोल की खपि के राथिे खड़े होंगे और साथ में इस कुड़े-कचरे से भी
बुलरे टन जारी करेगा। मैदान के लोगों का पहाड़ को लगभग खड़े-खड़े ही 16,000 हम मुति हो जाएंगे।
दो सयाने रो रहे हैं, अध्यि इथिीफे पर अड़े हैं। उन्हें मना लें, पीछे देश देख।ें समझने का दृरटटकोण भी इसमें ही होिा है। पर पहाड़ों लीटर होगी। यही नहीं, ये गारड़यां 2.5 रकलोग्राम के उिर सके। ऐसे ही पहाड़ी पयमटन थथलों पर कूड़ा एक इस अव्यवथथा का एक बड़ा कारण यह भी है रक हमने
दो दीवाने रो रहे हैं, सीबीआई रबठा दी है, उसके रखलाफ आंदोलन सैट कर में इस बार दोनों ही िरफ बड़ी चोट पहुंची है, जो रहसाब से 32,000 रकलो काबमन डाई ऑतसाइड बड़ी समथया है। यािी कूड़ा-कचरा लेकर आिे हैं और आज िक पयमटन कौशल घर गांव के बीच में रवकरसि
लें, पीछे देश देख।ें दो अज्ञानी रो रहे हैं, देश में गन्ना है, देश में लीची है, अप्रत्यारशि भीड़ के रूप में हमारे बीच में आई। जैसे उगल देगी। इसमें एक िरफ जहां आरथमक नुकसान पहाड़ों पर कूड़े का एक बड़ा पहाड़ खड़ा कर देिे हैं। नहीं रकया। हम एक टाथक फोसम बना सकिे हैं, रजससे
देश में चवान हैं, देश में बच्चे हैं, देश में औरिें हैं, देश में ये देश है और यही ही इस बार की गमीम ने मैदानों को रिलरमलाया, दो-चार जुड़ा है, वहीं दूसरी िरफ प्रदूषण की मार भी पड़िी है इसके रनथिारण की व्यवथथा का अभाव रनरचचि रूप रथकल डेवलपमेंट ट्रेरनंग से रोजगार के रलए भटक रहे
देश है। इसे देख,ें पीछे कोई और देश देख।ें रदन के रलए सबने पहाडों का रुख कर रलया। और समय की बबामदी इससे अलग। ऐसी रथथरि में से रहमालय को एक नए खिरे की िरफ धकेल देगा। युवाओं के रोजगार का यह एके माध्यम बने।
बेचारे ‘अज्ञानी’ फीकड में हैं। वही िो फीकड में होंग।े ज्ञानी िो बतसे में उिराखंड और रहमाचल प्रदेश का शासन-प्रशासन इस पयमटकों की आथथा और आनंद हवा हो जाएंगे। इस रथथरि में खासिौर से दो िीन बािों को ध्यान में ये बड़ी चुनौरियां हैं, रजन पर बड़ी गंभीरिा से शासन
बैठिे हैं और लीची खािे हैं। चैनल से उिर रववटर पर उड़िे हैं रफर गन्ने बाि के रलए किई िैयार नहीं था और न ही यह चूंरक आज सब अपनी गाड़ी से पहाड़ों की ओर दौड़ रखना होगा। एक यह रक जब भी पयमटक मैदानों से और आम आदमी को सोचना पड़ेगा। आज अगर हम
का रस पीकर मधुशाला का फोटो ववीट करिे हैं। ककपना की गई थी रक पहाड़ में पयमटकों की िादाद पड़िे हैं, ऐसे में, टूररथट सरकफट बनाना जरूरी है। पहाड़ों की िरफ रवाना हों, वहां पर एक मैकेरनज्म हो, इसका लाभ नहीं उठा पाए, िो पयमटक रजस उत्साह से
गन्ना काटिी औरि, लीची खािे भूखे बच्चे, रनटठा के साथ सन्नि चवान - इिनी बढ़ जाएगी। दूसरी िरफ जो लोग उिराखंड व दुरनया भर में पयमटन 17 फीसदी रोजगार का कारण है, रजससे इस िरह के कूड़े पर रनयंिण कर रदया जाए। हमारे बीच में आिे हैं, उनको हम रहमालय के बारे में
यह सब िो आरद-इत्यारद हैं। रहमाचल प्रदेश को देखने और आनंद लेने की इसरलए इसे हकके में नहीं रलया जा सकिा। ऐसे में, उदाहरण के रलए, लाखों की संख्या में पयमटक नहीं समझा पाएंगे और न ही खुद समझ पाएंगे रक हम
बोरलए - अपेिाओं से आए थे, उन्हें असुरवधा हुई, तयोंरक कई पयमटकों की बढ़िी भीड़ को पहाड़ के चंद पड़ावों की बोिलबंद पानी का इथिेमाल करिे हैं और पानी पीने के कहां पर रकस िरह से रवफल हुए। सच िो यह है रक
ऊँ पूणमण दः पूणमण मदं पूणणणत्पूणमण दु च्यते। रकलोमीटर लंबे घंटों के जाम के साथ िमाम िरह की ही िरफ न झोंककर अन्य थथानों को भी रवकरसि बाद वे बोिल गंगा-यमुना और छोटे-छोटे गड्ढे-गदेरों पयमटन में कड़े कानूनों की व्यवथथा भी करनी होगी,
पूणस्ण य पूणमण णदणय पूणमण वे णवमिष्यते।। अव्यवथथाओं व असुरवधाओं ने उन पर गलि िरह की रकया जा सकिा है, जो पयमटकों की अपेिाओं पर खरा में, सड़क के रकनारे, जंगल में कचरे के रूप में जमा िारक रहमालय और दशमनाथीम सुररिि रह सकें।

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16 FAQ DELHI THE HINDU


SUNDAY, JUNE 23, 2019
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Why is the litchi toxin causing deaths?


Why is Methylene Cyclopropyl
Glycine lethal for malnourished
children? What can be done?
R. Prasad

The story so far: Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in
Bihar’s Muzaffarpur, Vaishali, Sheohar and East
Champaran districts has so far claimed the lives of over
100 children. More than 400 children with AES have
been admitted to various hospitals. Most of the deaths
Two sides: “Libra may have a few things working in its have been attributed to low blood sugar level
favour. But going by the opposition to the idea, it is not (hypoglycaemia).
going to be smooth sailing.” Representations of virtual
currency in front of the Libra logo  REUTERS/DADO RUVIC/
* What is acute encephalitis syndrome?
ILLUSTRATION AES in short, it is a basket term used for referring to
hospital, children with clinical neurological
manifestations which include mental confusion,
Libra unveiled disorientation, convulsion, delirium or coma.
Meningitis caused by virus or bacteria, encephalitis
(mostly Japanese encephalitis) caused by virus,
What is Facebook’s plan to empower encephalopathy, cerebral malaria, and scrub typhus
caused by bacteria are collectively called acute
billions? What is Libra’s technology? encephalitis syndrome. 
Is this cause for worry? While microbes cause all the other conditions,
encephalopathy is biochemical in origin, and hence very
Sriram Srinivasan different from the rest. There are different types of
encephalopathy. In the present case, the encephalopathy
The story so far: On June 18, Facebook announced that is associated with hypoglycaemia and hence called Hypoglycaemic falling ill are from families How does the toxin cause coma and even death in
it is going to launch a global digital currency by the first hypoglycaemic encephalopathy. encephalopathy can camping in orchards to children?
half of 2020. The currency has been named Libra. It will harvest the fruits. These The toxin acts in two ways to harm the brain and even
be easily treated. A
be run by the Libra Association, a Geneva­based entity Is encephalitis different from hypoglycaemic children tend to collect and cause death. Because of the toxin, the body’s natural
that has over two dozen founding partners, including encephalopathy? full and complete eat the fruits that have mechanism to correct low blood glucose level is
Facebook, Mastercard, Visa, Uber and the Vodafone Yes. The two conditions show very different symptoms recovery can be fallen on the ground. prevented thus leading to a drop in fuel supply to the
group. Almost immediately, concerns were raised by and clinical manifestations. achieved if affected Hypoglycaemic brain. This leads to drowsiness, disorientation and even
some lawmakers, commentators and even the co­ Fever on the first day is one of the symptoms of children are infused encephalopathy outbreaks unconsciousness. When the toxin stops the fatty acid
founder of Facebook, Chris Hughes, who is now one of encephalitis before the brain dysfunction begins. While are restricted to April­July, conversion into glucose midway, amino acids are
with 10% dextrose
the foremost critics of the social media network he fever is seen in children in the case of hypoglycaemic with a peak seen in June. released which are toxic to brain cells. The amino acids
helped create. encephalopathy, fever is always after the onset of brain within four hours This is because litchi is cause brain cells to swell resulting in brain oedema. As a
dysfunction (actually due to the brain dysfunction). And after the onset  harvested during this result, children may suffer from convulsions, deepening
Why does the world need Libra? not all children exhibit fever. Some children have no of symptoms period.  coma and even death.
A white paper released by the Libra Association says its fever, while others may have mild or very high fever.
mission “is to enable a simple global currency and The blood sugar level is usually normal in children Is litchi fruit Can hypoglycaemic encephalopathy be prevented
financial infrastructure that empowers billions of with encephalitis but is low in children with responsible for causing in undernourished children?
people”. The point it makes is this: in a world with cheap hypoglycaemic encephalopathy. hypoglycaemic encephalopathy? Yes, by making sure that undernourished children do not
data and smartphones, about 1.7 billion adults are still In the case of encephalitis, fever (due to virus In 2012­2013, a two­member team headed by virologist eat plenty of litchi fruit, ensuring that they eat some food
outside the organised financial system in the world. This, infection) for a day or two is followed by the onset of Dr. T. Jacob John suspected, and confirmed the next year, and not go to bed on an empty stomach. Since 2015, the
despite a billion of them having mobile phones and symptoms caused by the brain getting affected. However, a toxin found in litchi fruit that was responsible for prevention strategy as recommended by Dr. Jacob John’s
nearly half a billion having Internet access. in hypoglycaemic encephalopathy, children go to bed causing hypoglycaemic encephalopathy. In 2017, an team has helped in sharply reducing the number of
The reasons for this are high fees, lack of access, and without any illness but manifest symptoms such as India­U.S. team confirmed the role of the toxin called deaths from hypoglycaemic encephalopathy in
absence of documentation. Libra is being pitched as a vomiting, convulsion and semi­consciousness early next methylene cyclopropyl glycine (MCPG). Muzaffarpur. In 2017, the India­U.S. team published a
solution to this. The promise is of financial inclusion on a morning (between 4 a.m. to 7 a.m.). At that time, the Early morning, it is normal for blood sugar to dip after paper corroborating these findings and
global scale. blood sugar level is low, hence the name hypoglycaemic several hours of no food intake. Undernourished children recommendations.
The white paper says: “Moving money around globally encephalopathy. The most important difference between who had gone to sleep without a meal at night develop
should be as easy and cost­effective as — and even more the two is the presence of white blood cells in the hypoglycaemia. The brain needs normal levels of glucose Can hypoglycaemic encephalopathy be treated?
safe and secure than — sending a text message or sharing cerebrospinal fluid. In encephalitis, there are more white in the blood. The liver is unable to supply the need. So Yes, hypoglycaemic encephalopathy can be easily
a photo, no matter where you live, what you do, or how blood cells per unit volume of cerebrospinal fluid, which the alternate pathway of glucose synthesis, called fatty treated. A full and complete recovery can be achieved if
much you earn.”  is a reflection of inflammation in the brain. In contrast, acid oxidation, is turned on. That pathway is blocked by children with hypoglycaemic encephalopathy are infused
no increase in white blood cells is seen in hypoglycaemic MCPG. with 10% dextrose within four hours after the onset of
It is apparently being built on the block chain encephalopathy as there is no inflammation in the brain. Litchi does not cause any harm in well­nourished symptoms. 
technology. How similar is it to Bitcoin? children, but only in undernourished children who had Infusing 10% dextrose not only restores blood sugar to
It is true that Bitcoin and Libra are both based on block What killed so many children in Bihar? eaten litchi fruit the previous day and gone to bed on an a safe level but also stops the production of amino acid
chain technology, which refers to a form of distributed In a majority of cases, children died due to empty stomach. that is toxic to brain cells by shutting down the body’s
ledger — not centralised — of transactions. These are hypoglycaemic encephalopathy. According to a Press attempt to convert fatty acid into glucose.
created by complicated math functions that make them Information Bureau (PIB) release ( June 18) , Why is the toxin more dangerous for Together with dextrose infusion, infusing 3% saline
almost incorruptible. But beyond this, there is very little hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar level) was reported in a undernourished children? solution helps in reducing oedema of the brain cells. The
in common between Bitcoin and Libra. “high percentage” of children who died in Muzaffarpur. In well­nourished children, reserve glucose is stored as concentration of ions in the fluid outside the brain cells
Libra is an initiative of 28 influential corporate Unlike hypoglycaemic encephalopathy, encephalitis does glycogen (glucose polysaccharide) in the liver. Whenever becomes more than what is inside the cell; this causes the
entities. Bitcoin, which the world first came to know of in not cause low blood sugar level so death in a high the glucose level goes down, glycogen is broken down fluid from the cells to come out thus reducing oedema
2008, is seen as a product of libertarian values. Its percentage of children couldn’t have been due to into glucose and circulated in the blood for use. But and damage to brain cells. 
founder, whose identity encephalitis. undernourished children lack sufficient glycogen reserve Using 5% dextrose, as is the norm in cases of general
remains a mystery to this that can be converted into glucose. Therefore, the natural low blood sugar level, may help children with
Facebook, with its day, is referred to as Why has it affected only young children? mechanism in undernourished children is unable to hypoglycaemic encephalopathy recover from
over 2 billion users, Satoshi Nakamoto. It is an observed fact that malnourished children correct the glucose level in blood, leading to hypoglycaemia, but the accumulation of amino acid is
In Bitcoin: The Future of between two to 10 years fall ill and die due to hypoglycaemia.  not turned off. And so, even if children survive, they will
and its partners has
Money?, Dominic Frisby hypoglycaemic encephalopathy. It is not known why Normally, when glycogen reserve in the liver is have brain damage.
acceptability.  imagines what would older children or adults do not suffer the same way. This exhausted or is not sufficient, the body converts the fatty If dextrose infusion is not started within four hours
Also, unlike Bitcoin, happen if Bitcoin becomes clear discrimination by age is also a reason why the acid (non­carbohydrate energy source) into glucose. But after the onset of symptoms, the brain cells may not
the Libra Association  somehow globally underlying cause of the illness cannot be a virus. A virus in the presence of the litchi toxin, the conversion of fatty recover but will die. As a result, even if they survive,
is promising to play  preferred: “In a flash, the does not discriminate by age, and children younger than acid into glucose is stopped midway. As a result, no children suffer from various aspects of brain damage —
ability for a government to two years too are affected by Japanese encephalitis. glucose is generated and the low blood glucose level is speech getting affected, mental retardation, muscle
by the regulatory 
fund itself through the It has also been documented that most of the children not corrected by the body. stiffness/weakness and so forth.
rule book  manipulation of money
disappears. You can’t

How will Jet’s insolvency process play out?


obfuscate bitcoin supply —
inflation is transparent.
You can’t ‘quantitatively
ease’ bitcoins... Central banks and private banks can’t
create bitcoins when it suits them, and government can’t Will potential buyers be interested in capitalising on the airline’s brand value and try to relaunch the carrier?
print bitcoins. It all means you don’t have to pay the
price for the mistakes of governments and banks.” Prashanth Perumal J. the confidence to infuse more money in case they decide
Libra is going to be nothing like Bitcoin. The to make the airline fully operational. The removal of the
association white paper says, “We believe that The story so far: Jet Airways, the troubled private old management may also make Jet more endearing to
collaborating and innovating with the financial sector, airline that has failed to meet its huge debt obligations, buyers who prefer to wrest full control over it. It is worth
including regulators and experts across a variety of was admitted to the National Company Law Tribunal noting that Jet shares soared on Thursday after the
industries, is the only way to ensure that a sustainable, (NCLT) on Thursday. This happened after a consortium of company was admitted to the NCLT. This suggests that
secure and trusted framework underpins this new lenders led by State Bank of India (SBI) that had lent investors expect value to be extracted out of Jet through
system.” money to the airline over the years approached the NCLT the bankruptcy proceedings.
Those are just some of the differences.  to begin insolvency proceedings. Shares of the airline
soared more than 120% on Thursday after news broke What lies ahead for the airline and its lenders?
Though Bitcoin has come a long way, it has that the airline has been admitted by the NCLT for Jet Airways is the first airline company in India to be
remained a niche currency. Why should Libra’s bankruptcy proceedings.  admitted to undergo bankruptcy proceedings under the
fate be any different? In accordance with the procedures laid out under the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016. In contrast to
Bitcoin, though built on a sound technological base, has Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, the court ordered other companies that have previously undergone
had to encounter challenges relating to regulation across an interim resolution professional to take control of Jet bankruptcy proceedings under the bankruptcy code, Jet
the world. Governments of the world, including India, Airways. The professional appointed by the court will has very few assets, especially when compared to the size
PTI
have been wary of it functioning outside the ambit of now look at ways to salvage the most value out of the of its debt obligations. Many of the airline’s aircraft have
organised finance. With huge swings in value, it remains airline so that the money can be used to pay back lenders. the battle for market share. But unlike Air India, Jet does already been seized by lenders after Jet stopped making
one of the most volatile currencies. not have the government to bail it out of its financial payments. This leaves banks such as the SBI with very
Libra immediately has a few things working in its Why did Jet Airways fail? trouble. little to salvage from the
favour. A currency, to be a success, needs to have It was founded by Naresh Goyal in 1992, and began flying airline, so it is very
acceptability amongst many people. Facebook, with its a year later. It was one of the earliest private entrants into What made lenders approach the bankruptcy The airline has very doubtful whether Jet’s
over 2 billion users, and its partners could tick this box. India’s airline industry after the government slowly began court? few assets compared lenders will be able to make
Also, the Libra Association is promising to play by the to liberalise the economy. The opening up of the airline It is estimated that Jet may owe about ₹20,000 crore in to its debt any significant recovery of
regulatory rule book. industry to more private companies in the ensuing years the form of short­ and long­term debt obligations to an obligations. Many of their debts just by selling
Plus, to make it a relative stable currency, not prone to caused a boom in air travel in the country. At the same array of lenders. A consortium of lenders that loaned its aircraft have off its assets. 
wild fluctuations, the creators of Libra are backing this time, greater competition put increasing pressure on money to Jet has already been in talks with some The resolution
up with a reserve of real assets. Still, going by the airlines to either deliver better services to justify their potential buyers such as Etihad (UAE) and Tata Sons who already been seized professional in charge of Jet
opposition to the idea, it isn’t going to be a smooth sail high prices, or cut costs to operate more efficiently as could invest capital in Jet in order to make the airline fully after it stopped may thus want to keep the
for Libra. budget airlines. Jet, which was unable to adapt to operational once again. However, these talks have failed making payments. airline running as a going
changing market conditions, suffered losses for many to materialise into an actual deal given the high level of This leaves banks with concern so that it might
Why is Libra being opposed? consecutive years. The unpredictability of the price of oil debt on Jet’s balance sheet. It is worth noting that buyers little to salvage fetch the best value for
Bloomberg has reported that the French Finance in the global market also played a role in messing up its of troubled companies are generally reluctant to take lenders in the long run.
Minister, Bruno Le Maire, has called on the Group of cost calculations. In the first quarter of financial year responsibility for the debt of the troubled entity as it will Potential buyers may be
Seven central bank governors to “prepare a report on 2018, Jet posted a loss of ₹1,323 crore.  affect their own return from the investment. The lender interested in capitalising on
Facebook’s project for their July meeting. His concerns Since that huge loss, its management has tried to pump consortium led by the SBI, on the other hand, may the airline’s brand value and trying to re­launch the
include privacy, money laundering and terrorism additional money into the airline to meet its operating believe that it can salvage more value from the failed carrier by infusing fresh capital. Buyer interest, however,
finance”.  costs and has also announced various aggressive airline through the insolvency proceedings carried out will depend largely on the amount of debt that lenders
Markus Ferber, a German member of the European measures to cut down costs. But all this may have come a under the purview of the court.  are willing to write off. The sale of Air India earlier this
Parliament, has also been reported as saying that little too late. Lenders, seeing the writing on the wall, Further, the lenders may also be able to gain greater year failed to attract any bids due to the airline’s heavy
Facebook could become a “shadow bank” and that have refused to keep throwing good money after bad just control over Jet’s management by approaching court. Mr. debt burden that the lenders were unwilling to write off
regulators should be on high alert. to keep the airline afloat. Kingfisher and Sahara are two Goyal’s resignation from the airline’s board in March may before the sale. If no buyer shows interest in purchasing
Facebook’s co­founder Hughes, terming the digital other private airlines which failed under the pressures of have been in expectation of unilateral action by the Jet as a going concern, the only option left may be to sell
currency “frightening”, has said it is a shift of power competition. Air India, which is again burdened by a huge lender consortium to take it to the doorstep of the each of Jet’s assets individually. Jet will then cease to exist
from central banks towards multinational corporations. amount of debt like Jet, was another prominent loser in bankruptcy court. Mr. Goyal’s exit may give Jet’s lenders as a company.
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THE HINDU
SUNDAY, JUNE 23, 2019
DELHI

SCIENCE  &  TECHNOLOGY 17


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CAPSULE
IIT Guwahati uses water-repelling Why did woolly rhino,
mammoth go extinct?
cotton for sustained drug release Yak dung analysis helped to map out the
different plants and trees in the area
Dialogues in the brain Duration of drug release can be tuned by varying the water­repelling property of cotton Aswathi Pacha
Imagining a scene requires a
dialogue between different R. Prasad drug­containing  ethanol. A pile of dung may irk many, but
regions of the brain, a new When  the  cotton  is  re­ not these researchers who spend
study finds. While the region Sustained  release  of moved, the ethanol evap­ days  analysing  yak  dung  to  un­
called ventromedial prefrontal drugs  for  as  long  as  110 orates leaving behind the derstand the vegetation and cli­
cortex selects the elements days  has  now  been drug molecule on the cot­ mate of the past and the connec­
for a scene, the hippocampus achieved  by  researchers ton.  Superhydrophobici­ tions they have to extinct mega
constructs the scene imagery.
at  the  Indian  Institute  of ty  returns  once  ethanol herbivores  such  as  the  woolly
The researchers imaged the
Technology (IIT) Guwaha­ evaporates. rhino and mammoth.
brains of participants who
ti  by  immobilising  the The wild yak is an endangered
were asked to imagine novel
scenes or single objects.
drugs on cotton that is ex­ How it works species  restricted  to  the  higher
tremely  water  repelling When the cotton contain­ Himalayas  of  Asia,  the  Tibetan
(superhydrophobic).  A ing  the  drug  comes  in plateau and parts of North Rus­
team led by Uttam Manna contact  with  water,  the sia. It can tolerate temperatures Endangered : The wild yak is
from  the  Department  of air  that  is  trapped  gets as low as ­40 degrees Celsius and restricted to higher Himalayas of
Chemistry  found  that displaced.  Water  slowly is associated with the Himalayan Asia, the Tibetan plateau and
30%  of  the  drug  was  re­ starts penetrating the cot­ tahr  and  White­bellied  musk parts of North Russia..
leased  within  48  hours ton and comes in contact deer. The most non­invasive way
and  the  remaining  drug with  the  drug  molecule to study its diet and the local ve­ mans,”  explains  Swati  Tripathi,
over a period of 110 days. and dissolves it. The dis­ getation  is  by  examining  its one of the authors of the paper
Small world of fish Two drugs — aspirin and solved  drug  diffuses  out dung.  published in PLOS  ONE. “Giant
New research finds that global tetracycline — were tested of the cotton and thus the During  the  summer  of  2017, mammoth  and  woolly  rhino
fish populations behave like a for  sustained  drug slow release of drug over researchers from Birbal Sahni in­ which used to live with the yak
small world network, with release. a period  of  over  three stitute  of  Palaeosciences,  Luck­ about  18,000­20,000  years  ago
currents carrying populations months is achieved. now  set  out  to  the  hilly  terrain were not able to adapt to these
far and wide. The researchers
Collaboration When  cotton  is  su­ which  is  about  25  km  from  the changes  and  thus  went  extinct.
modelled how currents
“We  have  extended  this premely  water  repelling, Dronagiri village in Chamoli dis­ This is a classic example of ‘sur­
distribute the larvae of about
approach  [use  of  super­ Tuning in: We can tailor water repellency from 125 to 150 degrees so that the drug is there is sustained release trict of Uttarakhand and collect­ vival of the fittest’. Our humble
700 species of fish. Using
network analysis, they
hydrophobic cotton coat­ released in a sustianed manner over several days, say (from right) Uttam Manna, for  about  110  days  after ed the dung samples. This exer­ yak proved to be the fittest one.” 
ed with the drug for sus­ Arpita Shome and Adil Rather. the  burst­release  in  the cise was repeated in the winter The  yak  dung  analysis  also
assessed the distribution. This
has implications for global tained  release]  to  make first  48  hours.  When  the season too.  helped to map out the different
conservation and management bandages for wound heal­ moderately  water­repell­ and  when  ethanol  is  ad­ surface  energy  coating cotton is moderately wa­ plants  and  trees  in  that  area,
of fish and food supplies. ing,”  says  Dr.  Manna. ing (125 degrees), 64% of ded  it  forms  nanoparti­ that makes the cotton in­ ter­repelling, 64% of drug Diverse diet thus, generating modern botani­
“Animal  studies  will  be the drug was released ov­ cles, which get embedded ert  so  it  does  not  react is  released  in  48  hours Once back in the laboratory, they cal analogue for palaeo environ­
undertaken  soon.  The er  48  hours  and  the  re­ on  the  cotton.  The  BSA with water,” says Dr. Man­ and  the  remaining  over carried  out  the  macro­  and  mi­ mental  studies  in  higher  Hima­
collaborative  work  with maining  drug  was  re­ nanoparticles  are  made na.  In  this  case,  the  BSA the next 50 days. cro­botanical analyses to decode layas. 
the  Delhi­based  Interna­ leased over 50 days in the to  bind  to  each  other  to nanoparticles provide the Both the drugs were re­ its diet. A good diversity of pol­
tional Centre for Genetic case  of  both  the  drugs form a 3D coating on the required topography and leased in a similar fashion len, spores and phytoliths (silica Mega herbivores
Engineering and Biotech­ tested,”  Arpita  Shome cotton  with  the  addition the  long  hydrocarbon and the bioactivity of the bodies  found  in  plants)  were “Across  the  globe,  many  re­
nology (ICGEB) has alrea­ from  IIT  Guwahati  and of  a  cross­linker  (5ACl). chain  of  the  alkyl  amine tetracycline  released  at seen.  This  meant  that  the  yak searchers are working on copro­
dy begun.” first author of a paper pu­ “The residual acrylates of makes the cotton inert. one, three and seven days preferred a variety of food — sim­ lite or fossilized dung of extinct
The researchers found blished in the journal ACS 5ACl are further exploited “We  can  tailor  water was  examined.  “The ple  grass  to  leaves  and  fruits  of animals.  A  comparison  of  the
Medicine munchers that the duration of drug Sustainable  Chemistry  & to  react  with  amine­con­ repellency to varying de­ bioactivity was similar to woody trees. This diversity was present  results  with  the  extinct
Researchers have shown how a
release  can  be  tuned  by Engineering. taining long­chain hydro­ grees — 125­150 degrees — the native drug at all three high during summer and the yak ones can help understand more
person’s gut microbiome can
varying the degree of wa­ carbons. The long hydro­ by  selecting  an  appro­ time  periods.  Tetracy­ could walk up to 50 km in search about  ancestor  climatic  factors
interact with the medication
ter  repelling  property  of Altering properties carbon chain of the alkyl priate alkyl amine to react cline was able to prevent of food. and  other  adaptation  strategies
taken. They used levodopa,
the Parkinson's disease drug
cotton.  For  instance, To  make  the  supremely amine  renders  hydro­ with  the  residual  acry­ the  proliferation  of  both This  also  indicated  that  the of mega herbivores. 
and pointed out that when  water  repellence water­absorbing cotton to phobicity to cotton,” says lates on the BSA nanopar­ E. coli and Streptococcus yak was able to modify its diet ac­ “These  animals  mostly  de­
Enterococcus faecalis in the was reduced from 155 de­ repel water the research­ Shome. ticles,” Dr. Manna says. aureus,” says Dr. Manna. cording to the climatic change of pend  on  the  regional  flora  and
gut was able to degrade the gree  to  125  degrees,  the ers coated the cotton with “Two essential criteria The drug to be loaded The antibacterial study the past. “The end of the Pleisto­ studies  can  throw  light  on  the
drug. This reduced the amount duration  of  drug  release a naturally occurring pro­ are needed for achieving onto the extremely water­ was done in collaboration cene  epoch  (11,700  years  ago) past vegetation of an area,” adds
of drug reaching the brain, reduced sharply from 110 tein — bovine serum albu­ extreme water repellence repelling  cotton  is  dis­ with  Prof.  Biman  Man­ and  the  start  of  Holocene Dr.  Sadhan  Kumar  Basumatary,
making patients take a higher days  to  over  50  days. min (BSA). The BSA pro­ — topography  which  can solved in ethanol and the dal’s  group  at  IIT  Guwa­ brought about a change in vege­ corresponding  author  of  the
dose leading to side-effects. “When  the  cotton  was tein is dissolved in water trap a layer of air and low cotton  is  soaked  in  the hati. tation  and  also  introduced  hu­ paper. 

Controversial telescope to be
built on sacred Hawaiian peak 
Bhubaneswar becomes 0.5 degree C hotter due to urbanisation
Cuttack and Bhubaneswar have seen the most incresase in local temperature while warming in rural areas is less 
Press Trust of India summit.
But opponents say the
After  years  of  protests telescope  will  desecrate R. Prasad ties in the State during the pe­ paper had found 83% increase The  northeast  part  of  the
and legal battles, officials sacred  land  atop  Mauna riod 2001 to 2010 solely due to in  urbanisation  of  Bhubanes­ State has witnessed the great­
have  announced  that  a Kea,  a  place  of  religious How  urbanisation  of  cities  in urbanisation. war between 2000 and 2014. est  change  in  land  use  and
massive  telescope  which importance  to  Native the last decade can sharply in­ In the case of smaller cities The rapid increase in urbani­ land  cover  during  the  period
will  allow  scientists  to Hawaiians. crease  the  local  temperature and  town  in  the  State  of  Od­ sation was at the cost of dense 2001­2010. During the period
peer into the most distant State officials arrived at has been well documented by isha,  the  change  in  local vegetation  and  crop  fields. 1991­2000, the western part of
reaches  of  our  early  un­ the summit to remove Na­ a recent study undertaken by warming caused by urbanisa­ While  dense  vegetation  re­ the State saw the most change
iverse  will  be  built  on  a tive  Hawaiian  structures researchers at the Indian Insti­ tion  or  changes  in  land  use duced  by  89%,  crop  fields in  land  use  and  land  cover
Hawaiian  volcano  that that  had  been  built  on tute  of  Technology  (IIT)  Bhu­ and land cover has been about shrunk by 83%. causing more warming in that
some consider sacred. land where the telescope baneswar.  25%. region.  However,  during  the
Hawaii Governor David will be constructed. Blame  it  on  increased  ur­ Cropping patterns period  2001­2010,  the  trend
Ige said it was the final le­ Native Hawaiians have banisation,  the  local  surface Thirty-year data The  study  shows  that  across shifted to northeast as changes
gal  step  in  a  long,  often used  the  structures  for temperature  in  large  cities  in The team used 30 years of sur­ the State of Odisha, changes in in  land  use  and  land  cover
contentious, process, and years,  said  Kealoha  Pis­ Odisha — Cuttack and Bhuba­ face  temperature  measure­ cropping pattern and urbani­ were more pronounced in that
that  construction  is  ex­ ciottaa a Native Hawaiian neswar — has increased by as ments taken from over 22 sites sation  have  together  had  a part of the State causing more
pected to begin sometime activist whoconsiders the much  as  40­50%  during  the over  the  state  of  Odisha  cou­ clear effect on long term tem­ warming in northeast Odisha.
this summer. removal of the structures period 2001­2010. While tem­ pled  with  Earth  Observation perature  changes.  For  in­ “Our study provides crucial
Scientists say the sum­ to  be  desecration  and perature  has  increased  by data and model output to ex­ Hot days: The local surface temperature in large cities in Odisha, stance,  the  cropping  pattern information for policy makers
mit is one of the best plac­ discriminatory. about 0.9 degree C due to re­ plore  the  effect  of  land  use such as Cuttack and Bhubaneswar, has increased by 40-50% has  seen  a  clear  shift  from to understand the relative con­
es  on  Earth  for  astrono­ The new telescope will gional warming, which is a glo­ land cover and its changes. during the period 2001-2010. ASHOKE CHAKRABARTY
*
Kharif crops ( July­October) to tribution  from  each  land  use
my. The telescope would allow  astronomers  to bal  phenomenon,  urbanisa­ “When  compared  with  ru­ Rabi  crops  (October­March). type  to  surface  temperature,
be three times as wide as reach  back  13  billion tion  or  changes  in  land  use ral areas, the local warming in the journal Scientific Reports. local  temperature  in  Bhuba­ Compared  with  2004,  Kharif we  believe  this  information
the  largest  existing  visi­ years, to the time just af­ and land cover alone has con­ cities in Odisha is double due “The local warming due to ur­ neswar can be traced back to crop  cultivation  area  in  2010 would  help  with  future  land
ble­light telescope in the ter  the  big  bang,  and tributed  40­50%  of  that  in­ to urbanisation,” says Dr. V. Vi­ banisation in Odisha in 2001­ rapid urbanisation of the city had  reduced  by  28,000  sq. use planning in the state of Od­
world,  with  nine  times scientists  say  it  will  help crease in these cities. In other noj from the Institute’s School 2010 is comparable to any oth­ in  about  15  years.  An  earlier km,  whereas  there  has  been isha,”  Prof.  J.  Dash  from  the
more  area.  Several  tele­ answer  fundamental words,  there  has  been  a  0.5 of  Earth,  Ocean  and  Climate er  developed  region  of  the study by the team led by Dr. D. an increase of 38,000 sq. km University  of  Southampton,
scopes and observatories questions  about  the  ad­ degree C increase in absolute Sciences  and  corresponding world.” Swain  from  IIT  Bhubaneswar in  Rabi  crop  cultivation  area UK and a co­author of the pap­
are  already  on  the vent of the universe. local  temperature  in  large  ci­ author of a paper published in The 0.5 degree C increase in and  a  co­author  of  the  latest during the same period. er says in a release. 

Remotely sensed indices unreliable in informing elephant forage


Grass abundance, which indicates elephant fodder, tends to be low in locations with dense canopy cover
Shubashree Desikan sults. The work is published the  red  and  near  infrared dance in a multi­storeyed for­
in the journal Biotropica. <
> We found that NDVI
was negatively components  of  light  reflect­ est  with  a  low  proportional
A field study by researchers “There  is  a  need  to  esta­ ed by objects, from, say, a sa­ abundance of food species.”
correlated to grasses.
from Bengaluru shows that a blish  this,  because  the  ob­ tellite. Since healthy vegeta­ Grasses form a large compo­
This means grass
popularly used index that re­ vious  has  not  been  under­ tion strongly absorbs red and nent of food of elephants and
motely  estimates  density  of stood,” says Ajay Desai who abundance tends to reflects  near  infrared  light, also  ungulates  (hoofed  ani­
vegetation  does  not  yield  a is a consultant to World Wil­ be low in locations this  difference  can  indicate mals) like deer, sambar and
reliable  estimate  of  food dlife  Fund,  India,  and  an where NDVI is high the presence of healthy vege­ gaur. 
abundance  for  elephants  in expert on Asian elephants.  and vice-versa. tation  and  map  it  into  a  co­ “NDVI  is  extremely  use­
tropical  forests.  In  fact,  re­ The researchers were led T.N.C. Vidya lour code.  ful… and has been used to in­
Evolutionary and Organismal Biology Unit,
searchers  show  that  this  in­ by T.N.C Vidya from the Evo­ JNCASR
form  the  ecology  of  various
dex  has  a  negative  correla­ lutionary  and  Organismal Negative correlation species, from elephants and
tion with graminoids (grassy Biology  Unit  of  Jawaharlal forest  types:  moist  decidu­ “We found that NDVI was ne­ red deer to mosquitoes and
food  –  grasses,  sedges  and Nehru  Centre  for  Advanced ous, dry deciduous and teak gatively  correlated  to  grass­ birds. But it is known to per­
rushes  –  preferentially  con­ Scientific  Research forests.  “We  found  that  the es.  This  means  grass  abun­ form  badly  to  help  assess
sumed by elephants) in trop­ ( JNCASR), Bengaluru.  abundance of food plants is dance  tends  to  be  low  in changes in primary produc­
ical forests.  They carried out the study not  correlated  with  NDVI. locations where NDVI is high tivity of plants under a dense
in  the  Nagarhole  National This should be a prerequisite and  vice­versa,”  says  Dr  Vi­ canopy,” says Nathalie Petto­
Monitoring vegetation Park,  in  the  Nilgiris­Eastern before using NDVI as a proxy dya.  Though  this  is  counte­ relli, a conservation ecologist
For both academic and prac­ Ghats in southern India and of  food  abundance,”  says rintuitive,  she  explains  why from  Zoological  Society  of
tical  purposes,  there  is  the Out of reach: Grazing elephants that cannot reach up to the level of the canopies mostly feed sampled five 20m X 5 m ve­ Hansraj  Gautam,  the  first this  occurs:  “While  canopy London and an expert on re­
practice  of  remotely  moni­ on the grassy species. KABINI ELEPHANT PROJECT
*
getation  plots  along  each  of author  of  the  paper,  who  is cover and shrub abundance mote  sensing  and  manage­
toring  vegetation  in  an  area 17  transects  (lines  along also at JNCASR. contribute  positively  to ment  of  natural  resources.
and representing it in terms which is measured remotely mals,  for  example,  ele­ sume.  However,  this  work which the regions to be sam­ The NDVI is a simple indi­ NDVI,  they  negatively  affect “The results do not surprise
of  maps  and  parameters. from satellite data. This has phants. The NDVI is used, for clearly  establishes  that  this pled  can  be  marked  out)  in cator which tells how much grass abundance. Because of me… this pattern was shown
One such parameter used is been  used  to  estimate  the instance, in attempts to track can be misleading, and field­ the wet season in 2011 and 22 of the ground is covered with the  poor  correlation,  NDVI in other settings [in Poland,
the  normalized  difference amount  of  food  abundance the presence of elephants us­ based  studies  are  the  ones transects  in  the  dry  season. vegetation. It basically calcu­ cannot be reliably used as a in  deciduous  forests],”  she
vegetation  index  (NDVI) available to herbivorous ani­ ing the vegetation they con­ which can yield definitive re­ The transects included three lates the difference between measure  of  forage  abun­ adds. 
CM A ND-NDE
https://t.me/SSC4Exams
YK https://t.me/Banking4Exams https://t.me/UPSC4Exams
https://t.me/TheHindu_Zone_official
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18 OPEN PAGE DELHI THE HINDU


SUNDAY, JUNE 23, 2019
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Why we often get it wrong


Snap judgments made intuitively on the basis of limited information invariably lead you to trouble
Baddam Aravinda Reddy 2 thinking  is  a  deliberate  thinking ment was made on the basis of a li­ think through things.  biases in human thinking which lead
process in which lot of information is mited  amount  of  information  and But  modern  life  affords  humans to wrong judgments. The list of bias­
es include the contrast effect, the fear

A
few years back I used to expe­ gathered and options are considered. this  led  to  lot  of  trouble.  System  1 the luxury of security, time and abun­
rience  thumping  palpitations If  we  analyse  the  two  cases  men­ thinking  was  best  suited  when  hu­ dant  information  to  use  System  2 of  regret,  loss  aversion,  reciprocity,
in  my  heart  whenever  I tioned  above,  the  first  case  was  an man  beings  were  wandering  in  the thinking. Unfortunately for many of the anchor effect, the sleeper effect,
climbed  steps.  This  condition  came outcome  of  System  2  thinking.  Op­ African  savanna.  He  had  to  make  a us,  System  1  thinking  is  the  default story bias, the halo effect, the availa­
about suddenly without any advance tions  were  searched  and  the  better quick  judgment  whether  the  figure thinking mode. We use it constantly bility bias and so on. 
warning.  I  consulted  a  noted  physi­ option was chosen. The second case lurking behind a bush was a lion or a and make many mistakes.  The  common  theme  running
cian  in  my  town,  and  after  doing is an example of Sys­ harmless deer. In his daily life he had Rolf  Dobelli,  the  Swiss  author,  in through all these biases is snap judg­
blood  and  other  tests  he  diagnosed tem  1  think­ neither the time nor the security to his book The Art of Thinking Clearly, ments made intuitively on limited in­

Towards my problem as rheumatic heart dis­
ease.  He  prescribed  drugs  and
warned  me  that  I  had  to  be  on  life­
ing.  A
snap  judg­
puts  together  a
hundred
formation. Most of our purchases of
branded goods are influenced by the
halo effect. Our minds are mesmer­

mindfulness long  medication.  I  was  totally  de­


pressed.  Friends  and  relatives  sug­
gested that l should consult another
ised by the aura built around them.
We purchase them without examin­
ing quality parameters. 
doctor for a second opinion. The se­ Knowing  full  well  that  System  1
Ashwin Shanker cond  doctor  was  a  cardiologist.  He thinking  leads  us  to  make  mistakes
ordered an echocardiogram test and we can’t free ourselves from System 1
thinking. From morning to evening in

I
t  happened  during  yet  another  terrible found  a  lump  of  tissue  in  my  left
day  at  work.  I  was  frustrated  with  my atrium. I had left atrial myxoma. our daily life we have to make hun­
boss, who simply wouldn’t listen to my After  the  tumor  was  surgically dreds of judgments. We can’t sit on
suggestions  to  better  the  code  we  were removed, my problem was gone.  each event and ponder over options.
cracking,  and  would  favour  my  partner’s Not long ago I purchased a piece If we do that, we’ll be stuck. Many of
opinion  over  mine.  Despondent  thoughts of land in a bustling town. The pur­ our decisions are snap decisions and
crept  into  my  mind  —  the  politics,  the  fa­ chase  decision  was  made  without most of the time it is ok with these de­
vouritism, the bullying, all of which seem to much  thought,  on  the  advice  of  a cisions. When it’s a big event such as
come to no end. I thought I was about to ex­ friend.  choosing  a  life­partner,  choosing  a
plode, and I quickly retreated to the wash­ Those  days  real  estate  prices career, leaving a job, buying a home,
room.  I  closed  the  door  behind  me  and were shooting up by the day and l making a large investment or any in­
pulled the lid down to sit on the commode. I was in a tearing hurry to get on to stance of substantial stake, we have
wanted to tear up, but the rage wouldn’t let the  real  estate  bandwagon.  After to sit up and play System 2 thinking. 
me give in to my vulnerability.  the purchase was made, I realised There is no guarantee that when
It was at that moment when I observed that  the  land  had  no  proper  ac­ we use System 2 thinking, we’ll get
the slow ticking of the second hand of my cess and that the seller had a pre­ the best outcomes. In spite of the
watch.  vious  agreement  with  another time and effort put into System 2
It was the right kind of rhythm that my buyer. With great difficulty and thinking,  sometimes  the  result
mind  needed  amid  the  chaos  around  my some  financial  loss  I  could  fi­ may be contrary to expectations.
work life.  nally get rid of the land.  A big black swan may come up to
I thought about how the deliberate and ir­ Daniel  Kahneman,  econo­ thwart our expectations. In such
reverent movement of time, captured in this mist and psychologist, a Nobel cases,  we  have  to  console  our­
tiny device, would have witnessed both the prize  winner,  in  his  book, selves by remembering that the
happiest and the saddest periods of my life. Thinking Fast and Slow,  slots world is its own master and that
The  slow,  rhythmic  movements  of  the  se­ the  human  thinking process we cannot  control  it.  Life
cond hand tell me that this too shall pass. All into two categories. could  throw  up  sur­
I had to do was to hold on.  System  1  thinking prises.  We  have  to
Regardless of how uplifting or upsetting wherein the brain take  them  in  our
that particular moment is in our life, there is takes snap and in­ stride and move on. 
no option but to accept the fact that things tuitive  judgments
could change for the better or for the worse based  on  limited aravindareddyb
in the very next second. The moment can­ knowledge.  System @gmail.com
not be controlled, but the mindset can be.  ILLUSTRATION: J.A. PREMKUMAR
The calming realisation woke me up from
my mindless slumber, and as I walked back

A lone golfer waiting for a weekend game


to  my  desk  I  realised  that  most  people
around me are living their lives asleep. 
I am glad that I listened to the timeless ad­
vice that my watch gave me, instead of react­
ing to my impulses. The ticking helped cut
off the emotional time bomb.  at 2.34 p.m., and you may per­ driver, take practice swings. surely  pace.  While  walking 100­yard drive.  hip  turning  ninety  degrees.
The  second  hand  is  all  about  bringing
What could have haps join them.  The  three  senior  gentle­ they  talk  about  their  grand­ “Good  shot!  Straight  and The club hits your back as you
your mind from a state of chaos to one of or­ been a blissful time You  sit  on  a  bench  under men, all well past their seven­ children, the annual baby­sit­ long.  Must  be  easily  100 complete the swing. A typical
der. The minute hand will, however, shar­ the shade watching team after ties, are however in no hurry ting trips to San Jose or Atlanta yards.” pro­like golf swing.
pen your focus by bringing your attention to
on the course... team tee off. The first few mi­ to reach the tee box. They are or  New  Jersey,  President “What  do  you  mean  100 They exchange glances with
a dial that almost looks stationary, but is also nutes of watching are interest­ in fact always the last to tee off. Trump and local politics, stop­ yards? It must be a minimum ‘Are­you­thinking­what­I­am­
moving forward, every minute. It has a hyp­ T.P. Kannan ing — two OBs, one water ha­ With  no  group  behind,  they ping  in  between  to  say  ‘good of 280 yards. I can’t even see thinking?’  kind  of  expression
notic effect.  zard, two hitting the trees and play the game at their own lei­ shot’ when one of them hits a the ball.” on their faces. Decision made

A
Have you ever wondered how many times fter a busy week in the one powerful air shot with in­ “That’s  because  you  have but still they had a question.
a day you check the time? A study by a U.S. office,  the  least  that  a termittent  fairway  shots.  But cataract.” “What  is  his  handicap?”
newspaper  showed  that  Americans  on  an golfer worth his salt may as time passes you get restless. Presently they are strolling one of them asks.
average check their watch once every 12 mi­ look  forward  to  at  the  wee­ The shade is not of much help. towards the first tee box. Look­ “He  says  twelve,”  replies
nutes. What if you could convert those mo­ kend is a round of golf. Blissful It’s a hot day. The penultimate ing  at  their  tired  walk,  one the marshal.
ments into those of mindfulness?  four hours, devoid of the bane group  on  the  tee  box  leaves. would think they have just fin­ The marshal starts towards
By  simply  observing  how  each  second of the stressful office and dom­ And the last group you are to ished playing 18 holes.  you.  Seeing  him  come,  you
passes  by,  we  could  reach  a  certain  calm estic preoccupations. The blue join is nowhere to be seen.  The  marshal  walks  up  to climb up the tee box and place
state. Then every moment would not be just sky above, just green grass be­ The tee box is now desert­ them and asks, “Sir, that gen­ the tee, not wanting to lose a
about  knowing  what  time  it  is,  but  about low, a cool breeze...  ed.  You  are  sitting  there  all tleman over there, he is alone minute  more  after  the  one­
what best we could make of that time gifted But  try  getting  a  game­slot alone on the bench getting an­ and wants a game. Can he now hour wait. You are all geared
to us.  on  a  Saturday  or  Sunday  on xious, with only a skinny dog join you?”  up to hit the tee shot. You see
Zen master Osho believed that by simply your  own.  This  is  what  will that  is  enjoying  an  afternoon They  stop  where  they  are, the  threesome  approaching
observing and moving our attention to one happen. nap  under  a  nearby  tree  for to take a good look at you, now you, and giving them a friend­
thing, we could raise our state of self­aware­ You  couldn’t  book  one  be­ company. The breeze seems to doing  your  pre­game  stretch­ ly  smile,  you  extend  your
ness; it morphs to a form of mindfulness.  cause  the  slot  booking  rules have  stopped.  Exasperated, ing exercise — you in your ear­ hand.  “Good  afternoon,  gen­
Remember  that  mindfulness  can  never demanded  that  you  give  at you go up to the marshal, who ly­40s,  neatly  tucked  T­shirt tlemen. I am...”
be something to be achieved or something least three players’ names, but hates coming out of his cabin, with  matching  shorts,  brand­ That’s  when  the  marshal
to be desired for, because every desire has a you are a loner. You go to the and ask, “Where are they?” ed  golf  shoes  and  black  cap would  interrupt  you  to  say,
chance  of  being  a  disappointment  if  not course  around  1.30  and  tell He  looks  towards  the  car with a premier logo. They also “Sorry sir, their fourth ball is
met.  the marshal you would like to park through the window and see  your  new  expensive  golf joining  them  after  two  holes.
play.  He  asks  you  to  wait  as announces, “They’ve arrived, bag leaning majestically on its And  at  weekends  you  cannot
shankerashwin66@gmail.com there  are  several  four­ball sir.”  Ah,  finally!  You  get  up stand. As they watch, you take play alone.”
groups. One three­ball, the last with a sigh of relief, flex your a practice  swing  with  your
group, is scheduled to tee off muscles  and,  pulling  out  the arms  fully  stretched  and  the tpkann@gmail.com
ILLUSTRATION: SREEJITH R. KUMAR

Live and let live: some thoughts on a sustainable future


Humans are not my  daughter,  titled  Millions
of Cats.  It’s  an  old  classic,
Dead  zones  —  areas  in  the
ocean that can no longer sus­
such  as  straws  and  plastic
water bottles. Eating locally
what they imagine printed  as  far  back  as  1928. tain  growth  —  are  gradually grown, organic foods and re­ More on the Web
thehindu.com/opinion/open-page
themselves to be Although the book’s subject
matter deals with aesthetics,
increasing. Species are grow­
ing  extinct  at  an  alarming
ducing  meat  consumption
will go a long way in address­
a few  lines  stood  out  in  my rate. More and more of ma­ ing environmental concerns. 
Vidula Chopra Rastogi mind. A very old man was re­ rine life are being found with A few nights ago, when de­ The visual carnival
turning  home  with  millions plastic in their bodies. Fish is bating  the  advantages  and The days of voyeuristic reading are here,

A
nyone  who  has  ever of cats. They came to a pond. getting  progressively  unsafe disadvantages  of  a  vegetar­ with words seemingly overshadowed by pictures
bought a plant from a Each cat took a sip, and the to eat and pregnant women ian  diet,  a  friend  declared P. DALAI
nursery, watered it ev­ pond  was  gone.  When  they are cautioned against eating that, much like the beautiful
ery day and watched in dis­ were  hungry,  each  ate  a many  forms  of  seafood  be­ lion, we are at the top of the
may  as  it  failed  to  thrive, mouthful  of  grass  on  a  hill, cause of concerns about the food chain and can eat wha­ A profession and a passion
knows  that  gardening  isn’t and not a blade was left.  mercury level in them. If our tever we want. The survival­ The portrait of an acclaimed artist
easy. Even if you manage to Humans  have  been water is growing unfit to sup­ of­the­fittest argument is old
in an unlikely life-setting
grow  a  plant  successfully, around for an estimated two port marine life, how will it and tired. We don’t eat meat UMESH PATRA
growing food is another ball­ ILLUSTRATION: SATWIK GADE lakh years by some accounts. support us? for  survival,  we  eat  it  for
game altogether. Vegetables leaves  and  filled  up  the  en­ convinced  it  tasted  better Think about it. It took thou­ We  buy  things  we  don’t pleasure.  But  that  aside,
such as bitter gourd and to­ tire length of my planter in a than any they had ever tast­ sands  of  centuries  to  reach need, often tire of them, and there is a fundamental diffe­ Perils of excessive screen-time
mato  grow  almost  like matter of days. Flowers blos­ ed. Not a crumb was wasted.  the level of a billion people, throw them away, without a rence between lions and hu­
weeds, but others are trick­ somed,  and  before  long  I If  only  we  looked  at  all and  today we  are  at  7.5  bil­ thought to all the resources it mans. The lion is a predator.
Why early action by vigilant elders could
ier.  They  have  varied  water spotted  a  tiny  pumpkin,  as food in the same manner, for lion. Have we ever wondered took  to  make  them.  The It takes what it needs without help youngsters avoid the digital trap
RAJESH KRISHNAN
needs, soil requirements and big as an avocado. The chil­ every fruit or vegetable that just how many people earth numerous  artefacts  we  gift destroying the environment.
temperature  and  sunlight dren were beside themselves makes its way to us has been can  take?  How  many  can  it each  other  make  no  sense, On  the  other  hand,  a  tape­
preferences. In the event you with excitement.  grown painstakingly by some feed  before  there’s  just  a serve  no  purpose  and  des­ worm lives in our intestine,
get all of this right, you still We watched it grow each farmer somewhere. One bad mouthful left for each of us?  troy  the  environment.  Eve­ sucks  nutrition  and  slowly
need  to  protect  them  from day, and I helped it along by monsoon  can  ruin  a  crop, We  presume  we  have  an rything, from fast fashion to destroys us — and itself. 
pests. Finally, after weeks or cutting  back  the  vine  and but we always have food on endless  supply  of  food,  but fast  food,  is  a  burden  the It’s  time  we  realised  that Contributions to this page may be emailed to openpage@thehindu.co.in to a
length of up to 700 words. Please provide the postal address and a brief descrip-
months of care and patience, snipping  off  the  browning our tables and find it difficult the truth is that the quality of earth shouldn’t have to bear. we should change; we’re not tion of the writer. An email id that is provided could be considered for publication.
Certify in writing that it is original material; The Hindu views plagiarism as a serious
your plants may yield just a leaves. When we finally cut it to  imagine  that  a  day  may our  soil  is  deteriorating We can do a lot to help — the  magnificent  predators issue. Also confirm that the submission is exclusive to this page. Taking into ac-
few kilograms of vegetables.  off, it weighed a good 4 kg. come when we may not. The thanks to the large­scale use not  just  the  earth  but  our­ we imagine ourselves to be. count the volume of material being received, we regret our inability to acknow-
ledge receipt, or to entertain telephonic or other queries on the status of a submis-
Recently, I watched in as­ In our home of seven, the truth is, that day may arrive of pesticides and toxins that selves — by gardening, com­ We’re actually the parasites.  sion. If a submission is not published within eight weeks, consider it to be out of the
tonishment  as  a  vine  took fruit of our labour didn’t last sooner than we think.  enter  the  soil  and  water posting,  planting  trees, reckoning — in most cases owing to dearth of space. The publication of an article is
not to be seen as The Hindu endorsing the viewpoint in any way.
root in my balcony, sprouted long,  but  the  children  were There was a book I read to through  garbage  disposal. avoiding  single­use  plastic vidulachopra@yahoo.co.uk

CM A ND-NDE
YKhttps://t.me/SSC4Exams https://t.me/Banking4Exams https://t.me/UPSC4Exams
https://t.me/TheHindu_Zone_official

08 OPINION THE TRIBUNE


CHANDIGARH | SATURDAY | 22 JUNE 2019

Pompeo’s to-do list


THE TRIBUNE established in 1881
Time has come for India to choose: Russia or America, what will it be?
this better on the American side than
their ambassador in New Delhi, Ken-
neth Juster, who co-founded a govern-

Kullu tragedy ment-to-government High Technolo-


gy Cooperation Group. He was one of
the key architects of the Next Steps in
Yet another bus mishap, no lessons learnt Strategic Partnership initiative which

A
eventually led to the N-deal.
S many as 44 lives were snuffed out when an overloaded bus KP NAYAR
During the negotiations, Jaishankar,
rolled down a nullah in Himachal Pradesh’s Kullu district on STRATEGIC ANALYST who was the point person for the US in
Thursday. The mishap comes barely two months after 12 per- the Ministry of External Affairs, was

V
sons were killed when a bus on its way from Pathankot to Dalhousie AJPAYEE once said when- tough as a nail. Ronen Sen, then
had fallen into a gorge near the Naini Khud area in Chamba district. ever important Americans ambassador in Washington, deployed
In September last year, about 60 persons had died after an over- visited him, he had a fore- the skills he acquired in dealing with
crowded roadways bus plunged into a ravine near Shanivarapet vil- boding that they were com- the Kremlin for almost 15 years, when
lage in Telangana. At least 30 passengers were drowned when a ing with an invisible ‘to-do’ list. They the Soviet Union was the fountain-
speeding private bus had plunged into a canal in Karnataka’s would tick them one by one in their head of India’s most important for-
Mandya district in November 2018. mind with an imaginary blue or red eign policy priority. They got the best
Every major bus mishap hits the headlines, triggering a public pencil, depending on whether the SANDWICHED: The US means business, and will extract its pound of flesh. out of the US for India.
outrage for a day or two before the dust inevitably settles. Inquiries item had been approved or not. The Trump administration’s diplo-
No high-ranking American visiting macy machine and its media man-
are conducted, families of the victims receive compensation, a cou-
India in recent times is likely to have
Pompeo has adopted the dictum that it is easy to create agement apparatus have worked
ple of officials are suspended for dereliction of duty, but on the
whole, things remain the same on the ground. Overloading, speed-
come with a clearer wish list than a storm in Delhi. Can we withstand the impact? overtime to create an impression that
Michael R Pompeo, the most formida- Pompeo’s visit is about India’s S-400
ing and driver fatigue are identified as the key reasons for bus acci- ble Secretary of State since Henry missile deal with Russia which the
dents, but little is done to prevent their recurrence. Though human Kissinger and James Baker. His main night earlier, and had a ringside view of poll campaign, many Indians squealed US wants abrogated. Another smoke-
error is the prime culprit more often than not, the need for safer road interlocutor in New Delhi, External Libya-related events till he left in Janu- in delight, which lasted for the remain- screen being created is that two
infrastructure, proper signage for motorists, and a robust public Affairs Minister S Jaishankar, will be ary 2015 to become Foreign Secretary. der of the 2016 presidential poll season. major items on the agenda are Iran
transport system can’t be overemphasised. Strict law enforcement acutely aware that Pompeo’s trophy In 2014, Pompeo became a member of In the inner recesses of Raisina Hill, and an unfolding trade tariff war.
and zero tolerance to negligence also have to be ensured at all costs. as a four-term Republican Congress- the House Select Committee to probe there is awareness of this weakness The US, in reality, wants India to
Unfortunately, our politicos consider road safety an insignificant man from Kansas includes the head the Benghazi events. The committee among Indians for praise from abroad, shoulder greater responsibility in
issue, even though about 1.5 lakh casualties take place every year in of Susan Rice and that he severely wound up a month after Trump was especially from the US and how it mentoring and safeguarding the
mishaps across the country. According to a report of the World damaged Hillary Clinton’s bid to elected President, but not before it impacts popular perceptions of exter- Indo-Pacific, and not merely the free-
Health Organisation, road traffic continues to represent a major become America’s 45th President. ruined Clinton’s election prospects. nal affairs. When Americans made a dom of navigation in this region that is
In 2012, President Obama wanted She was Secretary of State when the mountain of an invitation to Manmo- vital to global commerce, while the US
development issue, a public health problem and a leading cause of
to appoint Rice as Secretary of State. Benghazi events occurred. han Singh in 2009 and talked ‘ad nau- busies itself with a potential crisis in
death and injury around the world, with the majority of the fatali-
US ambassador to Libya J Christo- Preparing for his India visit, it is seum’ about how the Indian PM was the Arabian Gulf and Gulf of Oman.
ties occurring in developing countries. In 2015, India had signed the pher Stevens had just been killed in clear that Pompeo has adopted the dic- the first guest of President Obama for a It is an insult to US strategic vision
Brasilia declaration, committing itself to reducing the number of a terror attack in Benghazi, and tum that it is easy to create a storm in White House state dinner, several as a superpower to suggest that it will
road accidents and deaths to half by 2020. The target, however, Rice, the then America’s Perma- Delhi. This dictum was propounded members of Singh’s entourage private- make its thriving ties with India
seems to be a bridge too far unless this vital issue of public concern nent Representative to the UN, was by Robin Raphel, Assistant Secretary ly lamented this national weakness for hostage to the S-400 deal with Russia.
is accorded due priority and tackled proactively. the public face of the Obama admin- of State for South Asia and a veteran of praise, in return for which, Washington What the US military industrial com-
istration’s defence in the episode. US diplomacy in the subcontinent. gets away with substantive conces- plex, working with the Trump admin-
With his experience as a member of One afternoon in the early 1990s, she sions. Israel, for instance, does hard bar- istration, wants is for India to aban-
the House of Representatives Intelli- proved this theory by raising doubts gaining with the US, often getting don its defence relationship with

Root of the problem gence Committee, Pompeo was one of


the Republicans on Capitol Hill who
made the fiercest attacks on Rice over
about the validity of Kashmir’s instru-
ment of accession to India. The storm
she unleashed raged for a decade until
exactly what it wants. Singapore does
the same. The Saudi royal family has
bought its way into the US, getting out
Russia and switch lock, stock and bar-
rel to US weapons and technology.
Earlier this month, Alice Wells, act-
Felling exposes timber mafia-forest official nexus intelligence failures leading to the Bill Clinton closed that chapter during of situations which seemed impossible ing Assistant Secretary of State for
murder of Stevens. Pompeo later his presidential visit to India in 2000. and securing the kingdom’s interests. South Asia, said: ‘A strategic choice

P
UNJAB’S scalding cauldron of troubles is foaming and frothing became director of the CIA. About 10 days ago, Pompeo quoted The only time in recent memory has to be made about partnerships
over the brim. It is stark as much for its pointedness as for the In December 2012, three months after the ruling party’s slogan, ‘Modi hai to when Indians got exactly what they and a strategic choice about what
telling character of the state’s law-enforcers. The abiding chal- the Benghazi attack, Rice removed her- mumkin hai’, in a speech and swept wanted was during negotiations on the weapons systems and platforms a
lenges are on multiple fronts of farm distress, drugs, gun culture, illic- self from consideration as Secretary of Indians off their feet by employing the Indo-US nuclear deal and in the run country is going to adopt.’ For Trump
it sand mining, and now, timber mafia. There is no sustainable solution State. Jaishankar had arrived in Wash- dictum. When Trump said, ‘I am a big up to it through step-by-step high- and Pompeo, the time has come for
in sight. Political will folds up soon after a vacuous assurance and a ington as ambassador to the US a fort- fan of Hindu’ (sic) in the course of his technology cooperation. No one knows India to make such a choice.
weak resolve to put up a determined fight. And here, the political class
is content to let the matter rest. There is no calibrated, multipronged

One king better than a thousand


response at all levels of government. In a glaring case of felling of khair
trees in Gujjar-dominated villages of Ropar district, 500-odd trees have
been axed illegally. The official figure puts it at under 250.
That the illegal activity has been going on, one, undetected; two, on
forest land mutated in names of individuals and panchayat forest; MR Anand democracy drab, colourless and ing. They ruled in accordance with cost of his subjects. To think of liv-
three, 25 km from the Punjab Civil Secretariat; and four, for the past unappealing. Our teacher was on the advice of their spiritual masters ing under one person, the king is

A
several months, is a reflection of the incompetence of the forest CHILD knows what monar- the minority side, backing democ- and instructions of scriptures. They unthinkable to many. But what we
department. Village residents point to the connivance between the chy is. A child knows who is racy. When the question was put were accessible to each and every are we doing now? Are we not liv-
timber mafia and some officials in violation of the Punjab Land king, who is queen and who before me, my mind drifted to the subject, including even animals. ing under a thousand kings? Min-
Preservation Act and Forest Act. They may be closer to the truth. The is the prince and princess. But he wonderful stories of the golden There is a story about how a king isters, MPs, members of state
issuance of permits in January to cut nearly 5,000 trees has been clear- does not know what democracy is days when kings ruled from their of the Chola dynasty of Tamil Nadu Assemblies, and even members of
ly misused to cover large-scale unauthorised felling. ‘Departmental and won’t understand it easily, golden thrones, dressed in star- put to death his own son for having municipal and corporation coun-
action’ — against a forester and guard — is a familiar platitude. It is even if you explain this complex studded coats, decorated with glit- caused the death of a calf under the cils are living and behaving like
but a mild rap, and a poor substitute for real action. system of governance. I am 64 years tering jewels, wearing crowns stud- wheels of his recklessly driven kings. They have their own king-
old, but still love monarchy. I love ded with gems. Even before I read chariot after the mother-cow rang dom, durbars, lackeys, and clowns,
Further probe may follow, but will run into the sand if felling resur-
the good old days of just kings, my first history lessons, I started the bell installed in the palace to too. Many of them are wealthier
faces after a pause, here or elsewhere. Gross damage is already done.
compassionate and graceful reading Chandamama, the fasci- draw the king’s attention to this act than kings of those days. Then,
Bringing down a tree is a half-hour effort. A tree takes long years to grow queens, romantic princes and beau- nating magazine for children, full of injustice. only the king and queen were
in all its glory. Unlawful felling has been going on in Shivalik hills for tiful princesses. of stories of kings and kingdoms of Authority should be in descend- above law. Now, few of our elected
long. Alarm bells have been sounded, often and loud, to no avail. Forest There was once a debate in our our nation’s hoary past. I loved the ing order, from the supreme lord to representatives agree to be placed
plunderers are enjoying covert impunity. There is no end to greed, and history class in which we discussed personal touch and interaction spiritual master; from spiritual under the law. The one question
that is where the state must step in. It must adopt effective and early merits and demerits of monarchy those kings had with their subjects. master to king; and from king to his these modern-day democrats ask
measures, else it will be mistaking the wood for the trees. and democracy. Most of my class- Only once, in a very rare while, a ministers and officers. In democra- when they encounter resistance
mates, including myself, were in king turned out to be a tyrant. cy, it is topsy-turvy. to their arrogance is, ‘Do you
favour of monarchy. We considered Mostly, they were just and God fear- A king lives a luxurious life at the know who am I?’

❝ ❞
thought for the day letters to the editor
Caution is the eldest child of wisdom. A prejudiced view One election makes sense
lence. The violence during the Jat prisons, it is time to institutionalise
— Victor Hugo The editorial ‘March of discontent’ reservation stir in Haryana was so Refer to ‘One nation, one election’ these visits in prisons.
(June 20) wrongly comments on the severe that it scared non-Jats, com- (June 21); India has a distinct ISHAN CHAUHAN, JALANDHAR CANTT
Hong Kong protests and blames Chi- pelling them to come together to polit- demography, culture and ethnicity,
na for discouraging HK’s democracy ically oust the Jats. The Congress tried ranging from the cold Himalayas to
on this day...50 years ago and freedom. As a special adminis- liberal appeasement, but the game of the hot Rajasthan; technology hub Men, change mindset
trative region of China, HK’s affair is creating animosity among minority Bengaluru to traditional Assam; Apropos ‘Nightmare on street’
China’s domestic affair, and we are upper and lower castes against the cultural Hindus to party-loving (June 21), when stringent laws were
strongly against outside interven- socially dominant caste proved might- Punjabis. Politicians make head- enacted, everybody expected it to
tion. Since its return to China, the ier than the so-called secular nuances lines daily. Here, conducting elec- ensure women’s safety. But it did
policy of ‘one country, two systems’ of power aspirations. tions is never easy. One reason is not have a lasting influence on
ambala, sunday, june 22, 1969
has been fully implemented. HK ABHIMANYU MALIK, JIND different elections for different lev- goons who felt encouraged because
enjoys high degree of autonomy and els of government. Another reason of the authorities’ failure to imple-
RHODESIA TO BECOME REPUBLIC ON NOV.11 its citizens’ democratic rights and is that elections are a long-drawn ment laws in letter and spirit. Most
SALISBURY, June 21 (Reuter and AP)—Prime Minister Ian Smith gave a clear freedom have been fully protected as What worked for BJP process. If we can have simultane- people with wealth and political con-
indication today that Rhodesia would declare itself a Republic in November 11 per law. We hope The Tribune can Refer to Nous Indica, ‘Beyond manu- ous polls, we can save millions of nections go scot free, emboldening
next—the fourth anniversary of its seizure of independence from Britain. take an objective and fair view on the factured identities’ (June 21); it is true rupees, violence can be margin- others to indulge in criminal acts.
Speaking at a news conference following his Government’s landslide win in issue. In early June the paper pub- that the political aspirations of the alised, and parties will focus their Moreover, men must change their
yesterday’s constitutional referendum, Mr. Smith was asked when he would lished a special page on the Tianan- minor sub-caste groupings drove energy on better governance. ingrained patriarchal mindset.
take the step of declaring a Republic. “We’ve not decided yet,” he said. Asked men incident, which also took a prej- them away from the hegemony of VAIBHAV SINGLA, BY MAIL VIMAL SETHI, KAPURTHALA
whether the date could be November 11, he replied: “I find it difficult to find udiced view against China. dominant caste combinations like the
anything wrong with that date.” Figures early morning showed that 44,464 voters JI RONG, PRESS COUNSELLOR, CHINESE Mahagathbandhan. The real reason of
favoured a Republic and 10,764 were opposed. The vote on the constitution EMBASSY IN INDIA BJP’s phenomenal success lies else-
Conjugal visits in jail Laws meaningless
reforms stood at 43,886 for and 16,219 against. Twelve of the nation’s 50 where. In fact, the party has spread its Reference to ‘Institutionalise pris- Apropos the editorial ‘Nightmare
constituencies were yet to be heard from but they could not change the results. outreach to voters through its panna oners’ conjugal visits’ (June 21); on street’, the slogan ‘Beti bachao,
Caste in power politics pramukhs — a unique concept in elec- food, sleep and physical intimacy beti padhao’ sounds appealing, but
Punjab Varsity Not To Go To Court Of Law ‘Beyond manufactured identities’ tioneering. Add to this, myriad mass are the basic needs of a human. In loses relevance when we read about
From Our Special Correspondent (Nous Indica, June 21) explicitly programmes like Ayushmaan Bharat, Western countries, conjugal visits the countless incidents of crime
CHANDIGARH, June 21—The Punjab University Syndicate today decided not explains how the old social attitudinal national security hype and the pride in prisons are a norm and also against women. Perpetrators are
go to any court of law to challenge the Punjab Government’s May 13 notification fault lines of caste and religion are generated through Balakot gave the serve as a tool to curb crimes like seldom brought to book and usual-
extending the jurisdiction of Punjabi University, Patiala, and thereby restricting being used for political purposes. party an unparalleled lead. Due to sodomy. In 2015, the Punjab and ly manage to get away with their
the scope of Punjab University. The Vice-Chancellor, Mr. Suraj Bhan, reported Caste divisions, now, starkly permeate these factors, the BJP swept the elec- Haryana High Court held that the brutality. It is useless to have a
that the Central Government had advised that the matter should be solved political, social and bureaucratic tions in states like MP, Rajasthan and right to procreation survives incar- plethora of stringent laws when
through negotiation rather than through litigation. It was explained that even at spheres. Ironically, power politics has Chhattisgarh, where it was routed less ceration and falls within the ambit they are not enforced in earnest
its last meeting the Syndicate was not particularly keen to go to a court of law. rendered society more vulnerable to than a year ago in state elections. of Article 21 of the Constitution. In and with alacrity.
The resolution authorising the V-C to go to a court of law was only an “enabling virulent caste and communal vio- LR SHARMA, SUNDERNAGAR view of the rising sexual crimes in ROSHAN LAL GOEL, LADWA
decision”. Never in the history of the University have so many colleges been
granted affiliations in one sitting of the Syndicate as were given today. Letters to the Editor, typed in double space, should not exceed the 200-word limit. These should be cogently written and can be sent by e-mail to: Letters@tribunemail.com

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THE TRIBUNE
CHANDIGARH | SATURDAY | 22 JUNE 2019 OPED 09

Checks and balances of military command


also reveal individual or collective fail- happen at nighttime and during the
ures; strict action, either disciplinary wee hours, troops are resting in the bar-
or administrative, is initiated against racks while sentries man the perimeter
those responsible. Lapses could be of posts. Detachments are also returning
omission or commission and both are from night patrols and ambushes at the
considered for award of corrective and same time. There are elaborate proce-
exemplary punishment. The armed dures to identify friend or foe, but the
forces are arguably the swiftest and chances of terrorists sneaking in
MAJ GEN AMRIT PAL SINGH (RETD)
surest in the initiation of inquiries and dressed in similar uniform are very
MILITARY COMMENTATOR the meting out of punishment which high, especially if a distraction has been
have sometimes resulted in cashier- created just before the incursion. All

M
ILITARY command and ing and discharge from service. posts and bases have well-set drills
its intangibles/variables Command of troops and combat deci- which the commanders review and
are starkly different from sions are unique. The forces take ‘com- change frequently to avoid the enemy
heading a government mand responsibility’ very seriously as from using deceit and new tactics.
department or an office. The recent command of troops is a sacrosanct The corrective actions taken by the
reports of the government having com- duty, the dereliction of which invites internal systems of the armed forces
municated its recommendation to the strict and swift action. The fact that a have been applied. In some cases,
Army regarding action to be taken wrong command or directive can lead commanders have been removed from
against the senior leadership in com- to the loss of life and limb is ingrained command, which in itself is the
mand of the Uri brigade, Sunjuwan mil- in the training and grooming of young biggest humiliation a commander can
tary base and the Nagrota Cantonment officers and JCOs right from their com- PROMPT: The armed forces are arguably the swiftest and surest in the initiation of investigations and meting out of punishment. face. The implementation of the gov-
are glaring in their inability to recognise missioning. It is also well known that ernment’s recommendation will tan-
this basic difference. The government’s the services have a steep pyramidical sion had reportedly initiated identifica- uation, the same yardsticks must not tamount to double jeopardy as correc-
recommendation suggests that the structure and officers rise to higher
The onus is on the Army tion in various departments of corrupt, apply to military commanders. tive disciplinary and administrative
commanders put in their resignation ranks by selection and merit which to continue with the non-performing officers and those with The Pakistani establishment, and the actions have already been taken. The
papers and retire prematurely. Thirty- always factor in the command poten- questionable integrity for compulsory Pakistani army in particular, is focused reports suggest that earlier too the
six soldiers were martyred in the three tial and failings of the officers at each practice of swift and stern retirement. In the case of the bureau- on using border action teams of special government had attempted action
attacks — Uri and Nagrota (2016) and
the Sunjuwan base (2017).
level of promotion. Command reports
of officers and JCOs are of two types —
action against dereliction crats who were fired in mid-June, there
have been grievous and repeated cases
troops, sometimes with a mix of terror-
ists, to attack posts and bases along the
against commanders. However, the
military has resisted these attempts in
The Army conducts internal command in peace stations and ‘field’ of duty or negligence which against them; the sacking has evoked a Line of Control (LoC). Many such the interests of operational effective-
inquiries and after-action reports are areas. Command in field areas, where seemingly positive response from attacks are thwarted with heavy loss to ness. Let’s hope that the system takes
made to analyse all incidents such as there is direct contact with the enemy is a risk to security and bureaucrats in general. There seems to the enemy but these don’t make the cognisance of the peculiar and opera-
IED attacks on convoys and counter-
terror operations in the hinterland. In
or terrorist actions, is given more
weightage and there is focus on moral
lives. Any dilution or be a tilt of the bureaucrats towards
culling unproductive and corrupt mem-
news. In areas where enemy and terror-
ist actions are imminent, there are mul-
tional differences of military com-
mand in counter-terror and conven-
all cases, lapses are identified, lessons and physical courage along with tacti- compromise on such bers of their flock rather than accept lat- tiple layers of command that come into tional operations from that of a case of
drawn out and standard operating cal and operational acumen. Unlike the eral entries who, they argue, could also play in a single action. The firefight corruption, inefficiency or departmen-
procedures suitably modified at all other central services where officers action will only give a fall prey to corruption and inefficiency. starts at the machine gun-post or sen- tal failure. Equally, the onus is also on
levels from the battalion to divisional
and higher to improve defensive and
get promoted as a batch, here, the fail-
ings and recorded field reports are giv-
handle to the government The armed forces, on the other hand,
have a continuous weeding-out process
try-post level and quickly escalates to
the company commander and base
the Army to continue with the practice
of swift and stern action against dere-
offensive aspects of operations. These en primacy so that no act of command to intervene in in their selection of higher commanders. commander levels. Various detach- liction of duty or negligence which is a
lessons are imparted to battalions failure or lack of courage — both moral Corruption and lack of leadership quali- ments swing into action and there is risk to security and lives. Any dilution
inducting into the disturbed areas in and physical — goes unnoticed. military matters. ties top the list of the ‘reject criteria’. urgency to seal the breach even in the or compromise on such action will
the battle schools where troops and Earlier this year, the Cabinet secretari- The selection process is different and so face of lack of information which some- only give a handle to the government
commanders are trained. The lapses at and the Central Vigilance Commis- are the service conditions. In such a sit- times leads to casualties. In attacks that to intervene in military matters.

Climate change gaining ground as poll issue


I
N the recent General Election in DC, where climate has long been rel- (NCAP) into a ‘mission’, the Congress
Denmark, the Social Democrats egated to third-tier status. Now, the promised to strengthen the NCAP to
won amid a wave of two very dif- lawmakers in the US can no longer tackle pollution. Both the BJP and
ferent issues — climate change avoid the issue. Nearly every Demo- Congress promised to create a new
and immigration. Well, are the issues cratic candidate for the 2020 presi- ministry of water to address the water
of environment and climate so serious, dential nomination has endorsed the crisis. This is a remarkable change
even politically, in today’s world? Green New Deal and candidates are from the 2014 elections.
ATANU BISWAS Apparently, yes. Polls show that 46 per painting themselves as climate war- Politicians all over the globe have to
cent of the Danish voters treated cli- riors. And Republicans also can’t act according to the mindset of their
PROFESSOR, INDIAN STATISTICAL
INSTITUTE, KOLKATA mate change as their top concern in bypass the issue. electorates. Unfortunately, however,
2019, while this percentage was only 27 What's the position in India? India is environment is not yet a priority for a
in 2017. Younger people, in particular, home to the world's top 10 cities with majority of the voters in this country.
Environment is not yet a are deeply concerned about the rising
seas and global warming. And this
the worst air quality, with Delhi being
the world’s most polluted capital city.
Public understanding of the long-
term health consequences of poor air
priority for a majority of the has happened in a country which rou- According to a recent report by the quality is low, and public discussions
tinely belongs to the class of the environmental organisation, the Cen- tend to focus on short-term personal
voters in India. Public world’s happiest, wealthiest and most tre for Science and Environment protection, such as wearing face
understanding of the egalitarian nations.
There is an increasing attempt to put WORLDWIDE PHENOMENON: Air pollution and climate change have risen to
(CSE), life expectancy in India has
gone down by 2.6 years due to deadly
masks, rather than on long-term
solutions such as a ban on burning
long-term health the environment issue in the politi- the top of the political agenda in most countries. diseases caused by air pollution. A trash. Greta Thunberg is still a girl
cians’ court throughout the world. Is recent study by The Lancet found that from the wonderland to us. Also,
consequences of poor air it the ‘Greta Thunberg effect’? This sary response to school climate strik- mitigation — a decision which was 77 per cent of India’s 140 crore people although the media discussed and
quality is low. Public 16-year-old Swedish climate activist
came into news last August, when she,
ers and groups like Extinction Rebel-
lion. In the preceding week, both
criticised heavily by the world, includ-
ing many in the US.
were exposed to air far dirtier than the
recommended limits. In 2018, the
debated various issues like national-
ism, unemployment, economy,
discussions tend to focus then a ninth-standard student, staged Corbyn and UK Environment Secre- In contrast, climate is going to be Central Pollution Control Board iden- demonetisation, political dynasty,
a solitary and recurring protest called tary Michael Gove were among the one of the major issues in the 2020 US tified a total of 351 polluted river there was insignificant discussion on
on short-term personal Skolstrejk för klimatet (school strike MPs who met Thunberg at the presidential election, for sure. Credit stretches. Of the 640 districts in the the climate issue in the backdrop of
protection, such as wearing for the climate) outside Riksdag, the
Swedish parliament. Or, is Thunberg
British parliament. Corbyn went on
to say that the decision by the Com-
goes to the New York Congresswoman
Socialist Democrat Alexandria Oca-
country, the groundwater in 276 is pol-
luted due to fluoride, in 387 due to
the Lok Sabha elections.
Hope the people in our country will
face masks, rather than on herself a product of such growing con- mons to pass the motion without a sio-Cortez, who, along with Massachu- nitrate, in 113 due to heavy metals, soon understand that air pollution and
sciousness over environment and cli- vote “can set off a wave of action setts Senator Ed Markey, unveiled the and in 61 districts, it’s due to urani- climate change are emergency issues.
long-term solutions, such as mate across the globe? from parliaments and governments idea of a package called ‘Green New um. So, pollution and climate change Otherwise, our grandchildren will be
a ban on burning trash. The Thunberg effect has been
tremendous these days. There is no
around the globe”.
It’s another story across the
Deal’, which has already affected the
political landscape in a big way. More
should apparently be a major electoral
issue in this country as well.
fighting on a dying planet. Cassandra,
in Greek mythology, used to make
doubt that air pollution and climate Atlantic, and it’s more political. In than 70 per cent of Americans now During the 2019 Lok Sabha elec- prophecies. One of her remarkable
change have risen to the top of the 2016, Hillary Clinton and Donald understand that climate change is tak- tions, promises to combat air polluion prophecies was regarding the fall of
political agenda worldwide. On May Trump didn’t field a single question ing place, according to data from the featured in the manifestos of the Troy. Has Thunberg emerged as the
1, MPs in the UK parliament about climate change in their presi- Yale Programme on Climate Change major political parties, such as setting modern-day Cassandra in the context
endorsed a Labour motion to declare dential debates. And, in June 2017, Communication. deadlines, introducing new emission of climate change? Remember that the
a formal climate and environment Trump announced that the US would A push for the congressional reso- standards, promoting electric vehi- 16-year-old wonder-girl has said, “We
emergency. Labour leader Jeremy cease all participation in the 2015 lution has changed the conversation cles. While the BJP promised to turn cannot solve an emergency without
Corbyn hailed the move as a neces- Paris Agreement on climate change on climate change in Washington the National Clean Air Programme treating it like an emergency.”

quick crossword su do ku calendar forecast


ACROSS JUNE 22, 2019, SATURDAY SUNSET: SATURDAY 19:29 HRS
1 Summarise (6)
4 Hard to understand (8) 3 4 ■ Vikrami Samvat 2076
SUNRISE: SUNDAY 05:20 HRS

9 Mental sharpness (6) ■ Shaka Samvat 1941


10 Infatuated (8)
12 Ignoble (4)
13 Malice (5)
1 9 5 2 ■ Aashadh Shaka

■ Aashadh Parvishte
1
8
Sunny Partly Cloudy Cloudy
CITY MAX
Rainy
MIN
Foggy

14 Disparaging comment (4)


■ Hijari 1440
Chandigarh 40 26
17 Intricacy (12)
20 Domestic management (12) 9 8 ■ Krishan Paksh Tithi 5, up to 9:27 pm
New Delhi
PUNJAB
40 29
23 Deceased (4) ■ Vishak Yoga up to 8.51 pm
24 Amusing (5) Amritsar 30 26
25 Indirect suggestion (4)
28 A guarantee (8)
1 8 7 ■ Dhanishtha Nakshatra up to 9:08 pm

■ Moon enters Aquarius sign 7:39 am


Bathinda
Jalandhar
42
40
26
24
29 Persian Gulf sheikdom (6) Ludhiana 39 25
■ Panchak starts 7:39 am
30 Quick witty reply (8)
31 Firmly established (6) 6 4 2 5 HARYANA
Bhiwani 42 27
DOWN YESTERDAY’S SOLUTION
1 Disadvantage (8) Hisar 42 26
2 Macabre (8)
3 Originate (4) 7 5 4 8 3 6 5 2 9 7 1 4 Sirsa
HIMACHAL PRADESH
42 26
5 Astounding (12) 7 9 4 8 6 1 3 2 5
Dharamsala 30 17
6 Horse’s steady pace (4)
7 Innumerable (6)
8 To last (6)
5 4 2
4
1
7
5
2
7
1
3
8
4
6
8
5
6
9
9
3
Manali
Shimla
25
26
11
15
11 Reusable earth-orbiting craft (5,7) JAMMU & KASHMIR
6 8 9 2 5 3 1 4 7
15 Flower (5)
16 Wish for enviously (5) 2 1 4 3 1 5 3 4 9 7 2 8 6
Jammu
Leh
40
21
24
09
YESTERDAY’S SOLUTION 18 Combative (8) Srinagar 29 13
19 Overwrought (8) 9 2 1 6 7 5 4 3 8
Across: 1 Shrug, 4 Deposit, 8 Rip, 9 Fairy tale, 10 Portent, 11 Onset, 13 Enamel, 15
Edward, 18 Steep, 19 Pompous, 21 Life story, 23 Ear, 24 Overdue, 25 Ready.
21 Stare angrily (6)
22 Agitate (4,2)
7 2 3 4 7 9 1 8 6 5 2
UTTARAKHAND
Dehradun 33 23
Down: 1 Scruple, 2 Reportage, 3 Gaffe, 4 Dainty, 5 Payload, 6 Spa, 7 Treat, 12 26 Passable (4)
5 6 8 3 4 2 9 7 1 Mussoorie 23 13
Soap opera, 14 Exposed, 16 Destroy, 17 Oppose, 18 Salvo, 20 Mayor, 22 Fee. 27 Wife of Jupiter (4) HARD TEMPERATURE IN OC

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10 DEMOCRACY AT WORK
>
MUMBAI | 23 JUNE 2019

DID THEY REALLY SAY THAT?


CHATTERBOX

Foes or friends? CHECKLIST


From friends to enemies at one fell swoop? Telangana Chief
Minister K Chandrasekhar Rao thought that the Bharatiya
MAMATA BANERJEE: THE ENFANT TERRIBLE OF INDIAN POLITICS?
Janata Party (BJP) was a friendly ally till the Lok Sabha elec- n
2016: Banerjee locked herself up at the state November 8 to December 31, 2016.Banerjee’s
tions, when BJP candidates defeated his daughter and sitting government secretariat “guarding our response: “Why only account details from Nov
MP Kavitha in Nizamabad and his trusted aide B Vinod Kumar democracy” and claimed that the Indian Army’s 8? Just 3 weeks. Why not last 2 1/2 years all
in Karimnagar. Speaking to his newly elected Lok Sabha mem- presence at toll plazas in the state was akin to a details? PM Ji you think you alone are
bers in Hyderabad earlier this week, he is said to have military coup. She even accused the Army of intelligent…and the rest are … ??? After your 21
observed: “We are neither friends nor enemies with the BJP. lying. The Army had to immediately clarify via days of note bandi, the whole country is ghar
They don’t need our support as they have sufficient strength Twitter that the presence of soldiers was a part of bandi , so why this farce?”
in the Lok Sabha, so expect them to be lukewarm to our the routine exercise in all northeastern states. n
During the 2019 election campaign: “Where
demands or requests.” n
On demonetisation: During a dharna in Patna, will the country go if Narendra Modi comes to
BJP’s Telangana unit President K Laxman has added to the growing distance Banerjee flayed Bihar Chief Minister Nitish power again? He is the greatest danger of the
between the two groups. After a meeting with Amit Shah in Delhi earlier this week, Kumar. Without naming Kumar, she called him country. West Bengal is a place where all
Laxman is said to have commented that the BJP would definitely come to power in a gaddar and said, “gaddari karne walon ko religions co-exist. I will give my life to see that
the state in 2023. “Now our focus is on Telangana and we will make every effort to nahin chhodenge (betrayers will not be no riot takes place in the state”.
capture power from TRS,” Laxman told reporters. spared)”. Kumar openly supported n
After electoral losses and TMC defections in
It hasn’t helped that KCR wanted to meet Prime Minister Narendra Modi to invite "Sanskrit is in the DNA of India, it is now limited demonetisation and boycotted any opposition 2019: “The TMC is not a weak party. If our MLAs
to the work of priests."
him for the inauguration of the Kaleswaram irrigation project and was ready to come group protesting against the move. want to leave, they can. I do not care if 15-20
UP CM, Yogi Adityanath on why UP government press
to Delhi, except that Modi‘s office communicated that the PM had no time to meet releases will now be issued in Sanskrit in addition to
n
On Narendra Modi: The Prime Minister asked councillors quit the party by accepting cash. We
the Telangana CM. KCR was so annoyed that he called off his Delhi tour altogether Hindi, English and Urdu, Lucknow, 17 June all BJP MPs and MLAs to submit details of the don’t want thieves in TMC. If one person leaves,
and as a result, skipped the NITI Aayog meeting of chief ministers as well. bank transaction done by them during I will prepare 500 more”.

common understanding of terrorism and their No country can be forced to make a strategic
OPINION interests in Afghanistan have some conver- choice. India’s national interest will be jeop-
gences. Even though Russia now appears to ardised if it makes a jump into the US strate-
SHAKTIKANTA DAS be ready to have the Taliban on the peace table gic plans of isolating Russia and containing
that India still resists, the end goal of a stable China. The US does not have equal relations
Afghanistan is of common interest to India with countries. They have primarily different

Role of central and Russia. India has to leverage Russia for levels of client states. India will have to resist
deepening development partnerships in US pressure. India can only do this if they are
Central Asia and Afghanistan. determined to continue with strategic auton-

bank is important, Russia has an interest in the Indian Ocean omy. This is possible with counter pressure
as a zone of peace. The interests of great pow- and retaining multiple choices. The Russians
ers increased in the Indo Pacific with differ- are not pressurising India not to diversify

crisis or no crisis
ences between China and the US. The US their relations, because they respect india’s
wants to engage India in its plans. India has sovereign choices.
been taking tiny steps like the partnership of
the QUAD (USA, Australia, Japan, India) India According to the Russian constitution,
and Russia need to collaborate in the Asia this is President Putin's last term in office

T
hough there is no unique solution to these policy issues
confronting the global economy, we could clearly draw Pacific and Arabian Sea and the Gulf. They and Russia will elect a new President in
three broad inferences: can work with Vietnam and oth- 2024. Jockeying for power
n
First, the central banks’ role is important, both during normal ers in the Pacific also. appears to have begun
as well as crisis times. While mandates for the central banks n
Transport Corridors: The most already. Who are the leaders

ILLUSTRATION BY BINAY SINHA


broadly remain same during both the periods, weightage critical aspect on which India in line to become Putin's
attached to competing objectives and the choice of policy instru- and Russia have been negotiat- successor and what are the
ments become crucial in the crisis periods. ing is the International North implications for the internal
n
Second, communication by the central banks is very impor- South Corridor. Given the huge politics of Russia? Especially
tant that may be different in crisis times than in normal times. plans of the Chinese Belt and ANURADHA CHENOY in the light of the country's
Not only it helps convey decisions in a more transparent way, it Roadway Initiative (BRI), and economic problems and
Retired professor, School of
also signals the present and future policy stance of the central India staying away from it, India specifically, unpopular
International Studies, JNU
banks. In fact, unconventional monetary policy measures should no longer do a “go slow” pension reforms?
undertaken by the central banks during the crisis period worked on this. President Putin, is likely Putin who had high popularity
mainly through the confidence and signaling channels. The Anuradha Chenoy, retired professor, School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru to talk of this. ratings, suddenly sees a decline in his popu-
US Federal Reserve’s statement on December 16, 2008 provided University, and former director and chairperson, Centre for Russian and Central Asian Studies, n
Energy: India has major interests and invest- larity. He is concerned about his legacy. Yes,
a clear forward guidance for the markets. On the other hand, tells Aditi Phadnis how India and Russia can deepen their strategic relationship and not look at it ment in Russian hydro carbons. These inter- it is clear that he led the revival of the Russian
only a mere hint of monetary policy normalisation by the US through either the United States or Pakistan lens. Edited excerpts: ests have been under the radar, but are state and stabilised it politically and econom-
Fed (popularly known as taper tantrum) in May 2013 triggered important to both. The two heads of state ically. He has challenged the liberal democra-

'India needs to walk


portfolio outflows from some emerging market economies need to review if Indian investments in cies through the concept of ‘sovereign democ-
(EMEs). This led to high volatility in equity, debt and currency Sakhalin I and II have been beneficial and set racy’. The pension reforms have been
markets. In fact, such market volatilities in EMEs could have rules for Russia as a player in the private ener- unpopular but he has tweaked them, especial-
been avoided through clear advance communication. gy market in India. ly after Russian women and others resisted
In the Indian context, the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) com- n
Economic and trade issues: There will be and criticised these. Russia has big problems
municates its monetary policy decisions in terms of changes in
the policy repo rate and stance based on an assessment of the
current and evolving macroeconomic situation. The stance of
the monetary policy is communicated as neutral, accommoda-
tive or calibrated tightening in consonance with the mandate
a tightrope with US' discussion on the hurdles on increasing trade of stagnation, multiplied because of sanctions.
and investment especially in the context of China is making big inroads by dumping
sanctions. In this light, it would be useful for cheap goods and connecting roads to Europe
India and Russia to consider a debt swap and through Russia. But at the same time Russian
trade in national currencies. While it was manufacturing has improved. Education and
of achieving the medium-term inflation target of 4 per cent ± 2 Vladimir Putin was the first leader to and economically closer to China. China is the tried earlier as rupee rouble, the old experi- health is better.
per cent, while keeping in mind the objective of growth. The congratulate Prime Minister Narendra only power that has expressed outrage against ence minus the problems is worth looking at As far as successor goes Putin will try and
RBI’s approach to communicate the policy stance is to explain Modi on his re-election. On the same day, CAATSA and has the capacity to impose more so because Russia and China have put his own man in the Kremlin. Opposition
it with rationale, information and analysis to enable market the spokesperson of the Russian MFA counter sanctions, tariffs and withstand trade worked out a good deal on this. Further coun- leader Alexei Navalny has been working hard
participants and stakeholders to have better clarity. spoke at length on the recent wars. China has put pressure on Russia to tries blocked by the US like Venezuela, Iran in difficult conditions. What and who
n
Third, the global financial crisis was also a testimony to the intensification of Russia’s contacts with improve its relations with Pakistan. and others are engaging with Russia and emerges, time will tell. This is always a prob-
fact that coordination of policies both at the global and domestic Pakistan. What, if anything, should we Russia also needs Pakistan to fulfil its pol- China in local currencies. Of course, India lem with centralised political systems.
level is important for macro-financial stability. It is only through read into this? icy for a stable Afghanistan and Central Asia. would not like to anger the US, but it needs
better coordination between the central banks and between In the current fast track international system So Russia is balancing China-Pakistan without to keep an Indian perspective. A key element in India-Russia ties is the
monetary and fiscal authorities in the domestic sphere that with transitional geopolitics where multiple upsetting its relations with India. Similarly, Defence platforms in India remain struc- relationship between Russia and the US.
adverse consequences of spillovers and spillbacks could be con- powers exercise leverage, both Russia and despite the US raising tariffs on Indian exports, turally aligned with Russia, despite Indian Do you expect conditions to improve? or
tained. The fact remains that as most policy makers have India have to craft multiple options in foreign India is balancing its relations between the US diversification. It is likely that the Indian side deteriorate further?
domestic mandates, international cooperation may be hard to policy. This means that influencer powers like with Russia, by seeking to accommodate its would like not just transfer of technology in President Trump has tried to contest the
engender if international outcomes militate against domestic India and especially Russia cannot depend on defence purchases with Russia by seeking spe- defence sectors but also to commercial sectors. structural animosity of the US State and
policy preferences. Therefore, success of coordination depends singular relations. India has developed strong cial exemptions from the US on CAATSA on There have been proposals that Russia Military Industrial economy against the US.
on deft calibration of policies by major stakeholders. relations with the US, EU, Japan and others. the one hand, while offering the US low hang- should accept Indian migrant and skilled His plan was that China is the main competi-
But there is clarity in India (so far) that each ing fruit like new defence deals with the US labour. This will be a major opening for India tor of the US and the US can no longer afford
Issues in the current context relation should not be at the cost of others. and Israel and others. with high unemployment levels and Russia two major antagonist powers. He therefore
Even after more than a decade of global financial crisis and six Especially Russia. with labour shortage. Missing out on this will has been trying to refigure US relations with
years after taper-tantrum, the global economy is still not on a Russia is in a different position. They have Will this come up on the sidelines of the G be a hugely missed opportunity. Russia. But the allegations of his personal
stable growth path. Following an upward swing in 2017, there fewer options. The deep state in the US is 20 conference when the two leaders close relations with the Putin regime,
has been growing evidence that global growth and trade is weak- structurally in opposition to Russia. Even meet? The US principal deputy assistant American outrage at the alleged intervention
ening. Unsettled trade tensions and developments around though President Donald Trump tried chang- India cannot afford to link foreign relations secretary for South and Central Asia, in elections (as if the USA has never inter-
Brexit are imparting further downside risks to the outlook. While ing this in a limited way. The US and others and ties through the Pakistan lens. If she did, Alice Wells recently stated at a vened in any other countries elections) etc
signs of weakening world industrial production and trade vol- have imposed unilateral sanctions on Russia. how could she develop relations even with the congressional hearing that Washington have made a firewall for Trump. So
ume were discernible in early 2019, other business confidence Further, they also threaten to impose sanc- US that has been Pakistan’s major supporter had 'serious concerns' over the USD 5 US-Russia relations have worsened with
indicators have also dampened in many OECD countries. tions on third states that trade with Russia and still treats it as a client state? billion deal signed with Russia in sanctions. India will have walk a tightrope
Taking cognisance of these factors, projections of world growth through their 2017 law called Countering India and Russia have important issues October 2018 to procure the S-400 Air to understand and maintain their relations
for 2019 have been revised down by the IMF, World Bank and America’s Adversaries Through Sanctions Act that include: Defence Systems. Will India be forced to with the US and their strategic partnership
the OECD in their latest assessments. (CAATSA). This has driven Russia strategically n
Strategic issues: India and Russia share a choose between Russia and the US? with Russia.
While the global economy is still to recover to the pre-crisis
growth path, India has continued to exhibit robust growth driven
by consumption and investment demand in the last three years.
However, we have seen a loss of speed in the second half of 2018-
19 as some drivers of growth, notably investment and exports,
slowed down. On the supply side, activity in agriculture and
manufacturing moderated sharply. It is expected that the end
Lives that should matter vide to the family of the deceased worker, but
also education and housing. However, the
state openly flouts the SC ruling by providing
either a compensation less than the requisite
of political uncertainty associated with an election season and amount or employing the wife in the same job.
continuation of economic reforms would lead to a reversal of The death of seven workers in a manhole in Gujarat “The state machinery basically acts like a
the current weaknesses in some of the indicators in our economy. mediator. Once they enter into the job, the
To reinvigorate growth by improving investment climate, a has yet again brought to focus state apathy towards families are forced to decline on the compen-
healthy financial sector, inter alia, plays an important role. In
this context, the RBI has accorded high policy attention to reform
manual scavengers. Despite an SC ruling, availability sation. They are made to believe how benefi-
cial they have been by getting a ‘job’. The fam-
both banking and non-banking sectors. We have been taking of modern methods of sewer cleaning, there's a clear ilies are in no position to ask for their
several steps to strengthen the regulatory and supervisory frame- compensation,” Singh adds.
works in order to increase the resilience of the banking system. sign of neglect and don't care attitude among the Both Singh and Wilson lament the fact that
New guidelines have been issued for resolution of stressed assets, despite being an illegal activity since 1993,
which will sustain the improvements in credit culture.
state machinery, writes Sneha Bhattacharjee there have been no policy on eradication of
In the non-banking sector, the RBI has recently come out manual scavenging. “Instead there is a delib-

I
with draft guidelines for a robust liquidity framework for the n February this year when Prime Minister Karmachari Andolan, Bezwada Wilson , calls erate shift towards building more toilets and
NBFCs. We are also giving a fresh look at their regulatory and Narendra Modi washed the feet of sanita- it the state government’s denial to accept that declaring states open defecation free,” says
supervisory framework. It is our endeavour to have an optimal tion workers at Kumbh Mela, his gesture manual scavenging is prevalent. Citing the Singh. No questions are raised on where the
level of regulation and supervision so that the NBFC sector is was seen as symbolic of his support for them. example of Gujarat incident, Wilson says, “the “shit” is going? According to Singh, not a single
financially resilient and robust. The RBI will continue to monitor However, a symbolic gesture does not neces- government is downplaying the incident. city can boast of having direct connection to
the activity and performance of this sector with a focus on major sarily amounts to benefits for san- They do not want to accept any sewer lines. “How is human waste being
entities and their inter-linkages with other sectors. itation workers across the country, machinery help or rehabilitation cleaned then?” she asks.
who risk their lives day in and day drive for the workers.” “We are willing A classic example of the state apathy is the
Interplay between inflation and growth objectives out without any protective gear. to offer solutions to them, but the declining allocation to the Self Employment
At the end, let me highlight the role of the RBI in the context of Take the recent case of seven safai karmachari commission in the As per the Prohibition of Employment as Scheme for Rehabilitation of Manual
the mandate under the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934: “to reg- workers — three employees and state has to be open to accepting Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Scavenger, launched in 2007 by the govern-
ulate the issue of Bank notes and the keeping of reserves with a four sanitation workers — who them. They don’t want to because Act, 2013, the practice of manual scavenging ment of India (GoI). In FY 2013-14, the GoI had
view to securing monetary stability in India and generally to died after inhaling toxic fumes that would destroy their image of a is referred to as “manually or barehanded allocated ~70 crore, it decreased to ~47 crore
operate the currency and credit system of the country to its while cleaning the sewer of a hotel model state,” he adds. cleaning, carrying, disposing of, or otherwise in FY2014-15 and further to only ~5 crore in
advantage”. This mandate has been interpreted over time as to in Vadodara, Gujarat. The incident THE OTHER It is not just the denial of the gov- handling in any manner, human excreta from FY 2015-16.
maintain price stability, financial stability and economic growth has invoked angry reactions from ernment but also the notion of “they the insanitary latrines”. The Act disallows all “Instead of focusing on how to construct
with the relative emphasis between these objectives governed several people on social media. INDIA were born to do this job” that has kinds of employment that force individuals to sewage management systems, research and
by the prevailing macroeconomic conditions. This role of the Mahindra Group Chairperson, been reverberating in the minds of engage with human excreta in any form man- develop more on this sector, we are running
RBI has been restated as per the amendment in the RBI Act in Anand Mahindra, sharing the the state machinery. “Log toh mil he ually. However, the Act does not mention any towards building toilets that are lying unused,”
May 2016 according to which “the primary objective of the mon- news on Twitter, questioned what was stop- jayenge (you will find people any way) is the provisions related to the death of manual scav- Wilson says. He adds that declaring a state
etary policy is to maintain price stability while keeping in mind ping the authorities from employing safety standard mindset. Caste plays an important engers and despite most deaths being caused open defecation free will not serve a purpose.
the objective of growth”. Therefore it has been our endeavour measures. He even offered funds if that was role in determining this mindset too. There is by lack of safety equipment, it fails to explain The government has to look at human per-
in the RBI to ensure price stability under the flexible inflation the reason for the authorities’ unwillingness no point of all the modernisation when every- what qualifies as an “appropriate safety gear”. spective — who is cleaning those toilets, how
targeting regime and simultaneously focus on growth when to adopt safer methods of cleaning manholes. thing revolves around the fact that there are In 2014, the Supreme Court while expanding are they doing it, do they have the requisite
inflation is under control. But is it really a lack of funds that’s stopping some castes that are born to be manual scav- the contours of the Act, declared ~10 lakh as machinery? “A safai karmachari is not keen
the governments to adopt mechanical meth- engers,” says the author of the book Unseen: compensation in case of death. on going into a manhole that stinks, it is the
Edited excerpt from a speech by RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das at the Lal ods of sewage cleaning or is there more than The Truth about India’s Manual Scavengers, Singh notes, it is not just the compensation notion that they are born to do this, which
Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration, Mussoorie, June 17 meets the eye? National Convenor, Safai Bhasha Singh. that the state machinery is supposed to pro- needs to change,” he observes.

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>
OPINION 11
Volume XIII Number 14
MUMBAI | 23 JUNE 2019

dled by Calibra, which will do verifications This also means that it would be widely the unbanked - reason why it is unlikely to be

Facebook’s Libra gamble on a “permissioned” blockchain. The


blockchain will be open-source. But access
acceptable to all sorts of vendors, and easily
vetted by central banks.
available to customers in India, one of the
world's largest remittance markets. Though
to carry out transaction verifications will This could dramatically reduce transac- it could, among other things, save non-resi-
RBI should stay firm in not allowing it in India be restricted to Association members. tion fees in many domains, by for example, dent Indians huge fees and commissions on
Calibra has invented a new computer lan- charging a small flat fee for every transac- the $80 billion they are expected to remit in
guage, Move, for the specific purpose of tion, regardless of the transaction size. Unlike 2020, the Reserve Bank of India is unlikely to

F
acebook’s planned 2020 launch of Mastercard, PayPal, Uber, Lyft, Spotify,
Libra will mark a paradigm shift by Coinbase, Vodafone, and several large handling Libra-related activities. bitcoin, or ethereum, or other cryptocurren- grant it permission despite India being
taking the cryptocurrency concept Venture Capital firms. Any reputable entity The social network has said there will be cies, a stablecoin also rules out wild specula- Facebook’s largest user-base. Privacy is also
mainstream. The Libra will be can join by paying $10 million into the a “Chinese Wall” between the parent tion that characterises cryptocurrencies a huge concern, particularly in view of
backed by a basket of assets. By enabling fast, reserves. Facebook, and Calibra, to prevent Facebook backed by nothing. The supply of Libra Facebook's dubious record in this respect. In
seamless cross-border transactions and The Association will take independent accessing sensitive transaction data. In a depends on the value of reserves held by any case, the central bank has been dead-set
micro-payments, it could substantially reduce decisions on currency management. Libra nod to the practices in bitcoin, and other Libra, implying non-volatile exchange ratios against cryptocurrency and in April 2018
transaction costs and address the needs of will be a “stablecoin” issued on the curren- cryptocurrencies, users may own multiple depending on the movements of fiat curren- had given regulated entities a three-month
the unbanked. Facebook has a user base of cy board principle: Every coin will be Calibra wallets used under pseudonyms. cies. This also means it is easily and seam- deadline to stop dealing in virtual currencies
over 2 billion and it has signed up some of the backed by assets. The reserves will consist This would help them maintain secrecy lessly convertible back to fiat currency. The due to associated risks. The argument in
biggest names in financial services to join the of a basket of fiat currencies, gold, etc, and from other users, although Calibra would social network is also setting up a technical favour of Libra has been that it is a stablecoin
new initiative. While FB will back the initiative it will be regularly audited. Libra would be be able to map transactions and wallets back and organisational structure that complies — a cryptocurrency whose value is pegged to
through its subsidiary, Calibra, the currency issued to all Association members against to the owner's KYC, preventing easy money- with both local and international regulations, be as stable as the dollar. But the RBI should
will be managed by an independent founda- the membership fees payable. The digital laundering. Putting together the financial and anti-money-laundering norms. stay firm in its decision not to allow any
tion, the Libra Association. It is based in wallets will be issued by Calibra to users of muscle and reach of the Association mem- Questions remain, of course. For exam- form of cryptocurrency due to legitimate
Geneva, and other members will have voting Facebook Messenger and WhatsApp, after bers, Libra would be available to nearly 3 ple, it's not clear how Libra intends to com- concerns around tax evasion, money laun-
rights. The Association already includes Visa, KYC certification. Transactions will be han- billion individuals scattered across the globe. ply with the know-your-customer norms for dering and fraud.

Juggling competing interests How to ramp up global


India will need to strengthen ties with Russia and China while simultaneously maintaining its strategic
relationship with the United States
climate finance flows
PTI RAJASREE RAY & J M MAUSKAR rules governing climate finance — identifi-
ANITA INDER SINGH cation of ex ante and ex post information on

F
rom the 1992 Rio Conference to the financial support provided and mobilised
fficialese usually conceals more complex situa- Katowice Conference in 2018, the by developed countries. This stressed greater

O tions than it reveals. The invitations India


received at the Shanghai Cooperation
Organisation (SCO) meeting in Bishkek from China
United Nations Framework granularity in reporting — type of sectors for
Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) which support is provided, type of financial
witnessed a remarkable journey, with the instruments, etc. Apparently, the outcome
and Russia to strengthen trade ties should not deflect adoption of a number of agreements, the was tilted towards developed countries with
attention from New Delhi’s need to craft a strategy to latest being the Paris Agreement, which aims wording such as “as available” and “an indi-
have good ties with them, while simultaneously main- to strengthen the global response to the cation”, with regard to projected levels of
taining its strategic partnership with the US. And the threat of climate change. Every nation was financing and new and additional resources
communiqué’s call to end terrorism was preceded by called upon to submit its nationally deter- respectively. Financial instruments such as
China’s advice that India should not make an issue of mined contribution (NDC), to achieve the loans and equity were allowed to be count-
Pakistan, which is also a member of the SCO. Obviously Convention’s objectives. India’s NDC was on ed as climate finance and developed coun-
India and China have differences over how to handle a “best efforts basis”, keeping in mind devel- tries were asked to report the grant equiva-
Pakistan’s training and export of extremists. opmental imperatives, envisaging availabil- lence on a voluntary basis only.
When it comes to trade ties, the SCO commu- ity of international public finance. In effect, the long-standing demand for
niqué’s call to protect multilateral trade was preced- Climate finance is indisputably a key ensuring clarity in climate finance flows was
ed by a Chinese call asking India to team up to ward pillar in enabling climate actions. The not delivered. The commitment of finance
off America’s bullying trade practices. India’s Convention mandates developed coun- by developed countries has also been dilut-
response will strengthen or weaken India’s ties with tries to take the lead in mitigation actions ed because the $100 billion per year origi-
China, Russia — or the US. The fact that India will and provide financial resources to devel- nally meant for mitigation now includes
retaliate against the US withdrawal of duty-free ben- oping countries for climate actions. For adaptation also. In essence, the Katowice fi-
efits under its Generalised System of Preferences the first time since 1992, climate finance nance outcome was thus a bit of an anti-cli-
does not imply that that it is somehow taking sides was quantified in Copenhagen in 2009, to max. Since Katowice, the IPCC Report is
with China and Russia against the US. induce developing countries to scale up being used to urge all nations including
After all, India has a border dispute with China. their mitigation actions and a flow of $100 developing countries to ramp up their
Should it ever come to the crunch, America’s global billion a year by 2020 by the developed already submitted NDCs even before they
weight will count with India, because the US is the countries was mooted. start implementing it from January 1, 2021.
only country which can counter China’s growing mil- Article 9 of the Agreement stipulates However, it is evident that any increase in
itary and economic clout singlehanded. that developed countries shall provide ambition will need to be accompanied by an
India’s attitude to the US is at variance with those financial resources to devel- increase in climate finance, on
of Russia and China. Unlike India, Russia and China oping countries. While the It is essential to an equal footing.
are challenging US global primacy. And one of the Agreement was hailed by explore innovative Some processes tend to put
aims of their strategic partnership is to limit American many, all agreed that a new instruments to private finance on a higher
influence in what they see as their own spheres of collective goal from the cur- supplement public pedestal. The private sector is
influence. For Russia this implies the Eurasian coun- rent floor of $100 billion per finance, such as likely to invest where returns
tries that emerged from the collapse of the Soviet year be set in 2025. interest subsidies are high and risks are low.
Union in 1991; for China, the South China Sea and There have been various and sovereign Precisely for this reason, Article
more generally, the western Pacific. Unlike India, claims about progress towards guarantees, which 9.3 of the Agreement noted the
Russia supports China's claim to the South China Sea. the Copenhagen goal of $100 can catalyse significant role of public
At another level, for all the talk in some Indian cir- billion. Just before the Paris private finance finance. Yet, it is essential to
cles about Russia being India’s tried and trusted negotiations in 2015, an Indian explore innovative instruments
friend, Moscow is neutral on the Sino-Indian con- ministry of finance paper questioned the to supplement public finance, such as inter-
flict. It has also advised India to join China’s Belt and credibility and accuracy of the reported fig- est subsidies and sovereign guarantees,
Road Initiative, which India views as a unilateral ures. According to a UNFCCC report, total which can catalyse private finance.
push to advance China’s interests and a threat to climate-specific finance flows (self-reported Lastly, a great deal of stress is being laid
India’s sovereignty, because it cuts across disputed figures) from developed countries in 2016 upon inter-generational equity (the rights
turf in Pakistani-occupied Kashmir. were only about $38 billion. Estimates sug- and welfare of future generations) in regard
On the US-Russia front, India should not view last Prime Minister Narendra Modi at the recent Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Summit in Bishkek, gest that implementing developing-country to emergent climate actions proposed to be
October’s deal to buy Russia’s S-400 missile as imply- Kyrgyzstan. Both Russia and China sought closer economic collaboration with India at the meeting NDCs would require $4.4 trillion. Therefore, taken by the present generation. However,
ing that Russia has done it a unique favour. The mis- how this quantum jump would be achieved the imperatives of intra-generational equity,
sile will help India to track aircraft beyond its borders ence in Russia and Central Asia. It has built railways thought that the International North-South Corridor was the foremost question in everybody’s such as eradication of poverty and equitable
and project power in the Indian Ocean, where Beijing in Russia and constructed railway lines connecting (INSTC) could counter China’s BRI. Founded in 2002 mind after the Paris Agreement. socio-economic development, cannot be
has grown increasingly assertive. But Russia has Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and by India, Iran and Russia, the INSTC was inaugurat- Besides agreeing on new rules of brushed-aside.
always had two irons in the fire. Moscow offered Turkmenistan to China. Earlier this year, their con- ed in January 2018. Apart from India, all other mem- accounting and a reporting framework for The next Conference is to be held in
Beijing the S-400 in 2015 and started delivering the nectivity was further strengthened by the building of bers of the INSTC, which include Iran, Eurasian climate finance, the Katowice outcome was Chile in December 2019. The UN Secretary
missile to China in 2018. Delivery to India of the S-400 a railway bridge across the Amur Russia and its “near abroad” in Central Asia, the expected to improve the acceptability of General, in his World Environment Day
will start in 2020 — if India does not back out of the India has a River, linking the Russian Far Caucuses and Europe, have joined the BRI. Each has the reported numbers. message on June 5, stated: “There is no
deal under American pressure to buy the F-35 with border dispute East with northeast China. stronger trade and investment ties with China than In the run-up to Katowice in 2018, time to lose. This is the battle of our lives.
the intent of advancing interoperability between with China. In a The Russia-China call for with India. And Indian media reports have missed the India’s ministry of finance had released a Solutions exist”. Implementation of NDCs
Indian and US forces. crunch situation more Indian investment and listing of the INSTC in the Annex to the joint com- paper, 3 Essential ‘S’s of Climate Finance — will apparently hit a roadblock in the face
Even if India sticks to the deal, the outstanding America’s global trade is welcome. But China is muniqué issued after China’s Second Belt and Road Scope, Scale and Speed: A Reflection. The of an uncertain future in the provision-
point is that the S-400 deal will not upset Sino- weight will already the top trading partner Forum on April 27 — though it is not specified what paper analysed post-Paris Agreement ing of climate finance. Under these cir-
Russian ties. In fact, India and Russia signed the deal count with of the Russian-led Eurasian projects China will carry out along the Corridor. developments and the seriousness of dis- cumstances, effectively addressing the
as Moscow and Beijing extolled the highest levels of India, since it is Economic Union (EEAU). In The SCO meeting highlights the necessity for New course needed in the international climate three “Ss” of climate finance — scope,
their ties, and hailed the golden age of their partner- the only country 2016, India ranked in 18th place Delhi to build bilateral ties with Beijing and Moscow. finance arena. In essence, the paper scale and speed — is necessary for a real-
ship just before the SCO summit. that can counter in the EEAU’s imports and 15th But as it tries to maxmise its diplomatic options, it observed that coverage of climate finance istic hope of achieving the goals of the
India’s strategy pundits should also take note of China’s clout place in the EEAU’s exports. must reconcile India’s need with its wish to strength- was ambiguous, the quantum was insuffi- Paris Agreement.
other factors that strengthen Russia-China ties. Unfortunately, India’s efforts to en its strategic partnership with the US, whose glob- cient and pace of delivery of finance was
China’s need for gas and oil entails amicable ties with connect with Russia and Central Asia are hampered al ascendancy is challenged by China and Russia. slow. The paper also identified essential Ray is Economic Advisor, Department of
neighbouring Russia, which is one of the world’s by the absence of shared borders with any country in elements required for a robust and trans- Economic Affairs, Ministry of Finance. Mauskar
biggest energy producers. Also, with Moscow’s con- the region. The writer is Founding Professor, Centre for Peace and parent accounting of climate finance flows. is former Special Secretary, Ministry of
sent China has established a sizeable economic pres- At another level, some in New Delhi wrongly Conflict Resolution, New Delhi The Katowice decision came out with Environment & Forests. The views are personal

> OTHER VIEWS


‘One country-one election’ Holistic farm budget needed A beginning for Congress
move needs rigorous debate Ad-hoc policies must be replaced Karnataka a prelude to wider change?
The Central government is our agricultural ecosystem. The dissolution of the Narasimha Rao and Sitaram
The government must accord higher reportedly planning a big This will take a holistic Karnataka PCC on Kesri — could neither rebuild
boost for the rural and farm approach towards deciding Wednesday is the first major the organisation nor retrieve
priority to other electoral reforms economy in its first budget. goals as well as allocating step the Congress has initiated lost ground. Sonia Gandhi, the
The interim budget for 2019- scarce resources. For exam- after its drubbing in the gen- undisputed party chief for
The decision to form a committee to examine the issue of 20 presented in February this ple, can the government eral election nearly a month nearly two decades since the
holding simultaneous elections to the Lok Sabha and the State year had committed a total think of a way to incentivise ago. Hopefully, Karnataka late 1990s, was successful
Assemblies is a significant step towards achieving Prime spending of ~4.6 trillion for the farmers/clusters with regu- marks a beginning for the in keeping the party reason-
Minister Narendra Modi’s objective of synchronising elections ministries of agriculture, con- larly updated soil health card Congress leadership towards ably intact.
across the country. Advocates of such elections point to poten- sumer affairs, food and public based farming practices in its reorganising itself and facing Now Rahul Gandhi’s
tial benefits. There is the obvious advantage of curbing the distribution, food processing PM-KISAN scheme? Can rural up to the challenge posed by attempt to explain his resig-
huge expenditure involved and reducing the burden on the and rural development. Most employment guarantee or the BJP. The Congress contin- nation as party chief within
manpower deployed. The second point in its favour is that rul- of the money spent by these procurement programmes be ues to be the largest the framework of accounta-
ing parties can focus more on governance and less on cam- ministries goes to the rural tailored to larger goals of envi- Opposition party in the coun- bility has threatened to dis-
paigning. But there are challenging questions of feasibility economy. However, it can be ronmental sustainability? try and its conduct will have a rupt the leadership model
that the political system must contend with. First, it may said that the government will The short point is Indian bearing on political institu- the Congress has subscribed
require the curtailment or extension of the tenure of state leg- down a minority regime by mandating a fixed tenure just to do well to use its historic man- farms and farmers will con- tions and the democratic to for many years. Karnataka,
islatures to bring their elections in line with the Lok Sabha poll have simultaneous elections. The interests of regional parties date to unveil some radical tinue to be mired in crisis process itself. While the KPCC a state where the Congress is
dates. Another question is: what happens if the government at may take a beating, as regional issues may be subsumed by reforms in agriculture, not unless the silo-based and ad- restructuring may shed light in office, offers an opportuni-
the Centre falls? national themes in a common election. Given these chal- only in the often discussed hoc agricultural policies are on the Congress strategy to ty to institutionalise inner-
In terms of principle, the main issue is whether getting all lenges, there is simply no case for hastening the introduction areas of improving market replaced with goals which rebuild, the party’s decline is party democracy and intro-
elections to coincide undermines representative democracy of simultaneous elections. The government must accord pri- linkages, but also tackle long- have empathy for the Indian the result of a process that duce fresh blood in the
and federalism. In a parliamentary democracy, the executive ority to other electoral reforms. term challenges, especially farmer as well as foresight. dates back to the late 1960s. organisation.
is responsible to the legislature; and its legitimacy would be those regarding climate The non-dynasts who helmed
undermined by taking away the legislature's power to bring The Hindu, June 21 change and sustainability of Hindustan Times, June 21 the party in the 1990s — The Indian Express, June 21
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