:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

(Local Disaster Risk Management Plan)

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf] sfof{no
$ g+ k|b]z, gjnk/f;L
@)&$÷&÷!$
1
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b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

k|sfzsLo

ljkb\ hf]lvdsf] b[li6n] ljZj dfglrqdf g]kfn e"sDksf] !! cf}F, af9L klx/f]sf] #) cf}F, hnjfo"sf]
b[li6n] * cf}F tyf hf]lvd o'Qm d'n'ssf] rf}+yf] gDa/df kb{5 . pQm hf]lvdsf] c;/ o; gu/ If]qdf
kg'{ :jefljs} b]lvG5 . ljkb\ hf]lvdn] k'¥ofpg] c;/ Hofb} lk8fbfos / b'Mvb k"0f{ x'G5 . o;n] dfgj
hLjgsf] lbgrof{df 7"nf] cfwft k'¥ofp5 . ctM o; lsl;dsf] hgwgsf] Iflt Go"lgs/0f ug'{ xfdL ;a}
gu/af;Lsf] lhDd]jf/Lk"0f{ bfloTj x'G5 . Jojl:yt clen]v / of]hgf dfkm{t k|fs[lts ljkb\ / dfgj
;[lh{t ljkb\sf] k"j{ tof/L, ljkb\ k|ltsfo{ / ljkb\ k'g{nfesf sfddf k|ltkmn xfl;n ug{ ;lsG5 .
k|fs[lts jf u}/k|fs[lts sf/0faf6 pTkGg x'g] ljkQLk"0f{ cj:yfsf] ;[hgf eO{ hgwgsf] Ifltn]
hLjgofkgdf k|lts"n c;/ u5{ . ljkb\af6 k|efljt JolQm jf ;d'bfosf] cfˆg} >f]t / Ifdtfaf6
;dfwfg x'g g;Sg] cj:yfdf afX|o ;xof]usf] cfjZostf kg]{ x'G5 . o;} kl/j]zdf :yfgLo txx?n]
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df ug]{ cjwf/0f cg'?k b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf If]qdf k|sf]k lgoGq0f /
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f ug]{ p2]Zosf ;fy UNICEF, Practical Action / Sahamati sf] k|fljlws
;xof]udf @)&$ cfiff9 !! / !@ ut] b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v, gu/ pk—k|d'v, sfo{sf/L
clws[t, !& j6} j8fsf j8f cWoIfx?, gu/ sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:ox?, sfof{nosf sd{rf/Lx? tyf
;/f]sf/jfnf ;j}sf] ;xeflutfdf sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf u/L gu/ If]qsf !& j6} j8fdf
b:tfj]h M :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf, @)&$ ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;"rgf tYofÍ ;+sng ePsf] tYofÍsf] cfwf/df of] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg j:t'l:ylt
(Local Disaster Risk Management Plan) kq tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . cGtdf o; k'l:tsf tof/ ug{df ;+nUg ;a} sd{rf/L, j8f gful/s d~r
k|sfzs M b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf, -jb{3f6 ;':tf k"j{_ gjnk/f;L tyf o"lg;]km g]kfn, k|flS6sn PS:g, / ;xdtL nufot ;a}df ljz]if wGojfb 1fkg ug{ rfxG5' .
;jf{lwsf/ M © b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
tof/L tyf k|sfzgsf nflu
cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u M o"lg;]km, e/tk'/, ;xdtL u}8fsf]6, k|flS6sn PS;g >L k"0f{s'df/ >]i7
efiff ;Dkfbg M dfg axfb'/ v8\sf, k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t gu/ k|d'v
M >Leb| kf}8]n, n]vf clws[t b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
M cljgfz kGyL, k|zf;sLo clws[t
M w'|a cfrfo{, jftfj/0f zfvf
M ;+lutf kf}8]n, ;fdflhs ljsf; zfvf
k|yd k|sfzg M !)) k|lt
2
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b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z e"pkof]u÷agfj6 ljlzi6 ef}uf]lns jgfj6, lhNnfs} cUnf b]jr'nL / j/r'nL 8fF8fx?,
g]kfn af9L, klx/f], dfxfdf/L, cfunfuL, zLtnx/ / lxdtfn lj:kmf]6, lxd klx/f] tyf ljgfzsf/L ;dy/ kmfF6 tyf pj{/ l;+lrt hldg, xl/ofnL h+un tyf wfld{s
es"Dksf] hf]lvddf /xsf] dn's' xf] . hnjfo' kl/jtg{sf sf/0f kg]{ k|lts"n ke|fjaf6 klg g]kfn ;f+:s[lts dxTjsf If]q, ;fd'bfoLs jg cflb .
;+j]bgzLn cj:yfdf /x]sf] 5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{g k|fs[lts k|lqmof ePtf klg dfgj >[lht lqmof- 3/w'/L Pj+ hg;+Vof 3/w'/L– *,*$), hg;+Vof –$&#^*, -dlxnf !@#$@* / k'?if
snfkn] ubf{ o;sf] k|j]u b/df j[l4 NofPsf] tYonfO{ gsfg{ g;lsg] l:ylt 5 / o;af6 l;lh{t @#(#^_
k|sf]kx?;Fu h'Wg clxn]sf] k|d'v r'gf}tL /x]sf] 5 . ljZjsf] Wofg g} clxn] hnjfo' kl/jt{g tyf xfjfkfgL pi0f dg;'gL / ;dlztf]i0f xfjfkfgL .
k|sf]ksf] c;/;+u h'Wg], hLljsf]kfh{gdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] / ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f u/L ;dfg's"ng k|d'v hLljsf]kfh{gsf s[lif, kz'kfng, Jofkf/ / dhb'/L .
a9fpg ;lsG5 eGg] 5 . g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t æljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, cfwf/
@)^^Æ df Joj:yf ePadf]lhd ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] If]qdf k"j{tof/L tyf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f d'Vo hnjfo' k|sf]k e'sDk, af9L, klx/f], h+unL hgfj/ cft+s, v8]/L, cfunfuL, dxfdf/L,
sfo{nfO{ ljz]if dxTj lbOPsf] 5 . ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf ;jfnnfO{ ljsf;sf of]hgf;+u ;8s b'3{6gf, ;k{bz, r6\ofª cflb .
d'nk|jfxLs/0f u/L ljkb\ pTyfgzLn ;dfh lgdf0{f ug]{ qmddf lhDd]jf/ lgsfon] kxnsbdL lng j8f ;+s6f;Ggtf a9L ;+s6f;Gg j8fx? %, ^, $, !@, !#, !^, !&, !%, !), @ tyf
cfjZos eO;s]sf] 5 . o; kl/l:yltdf ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{ s]Gb| b]lv :yfgLo tx;Dd dWod ;+s6f;Gg j8fx? !, #,&, (, eg] sd ;+s6f;Gg j8fx? !$,
lj:tf/ u/L ;a} txsf ljsf; gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf d'nk|jfxLs/0f ug'{kg]{ oyf{ytfnfO cfTd;ft *, !! /x]sf 5g .
ub}{ lbuf] ljsf;sf] dfGotfnfO ;l'glZrt ug{ cfj:os 5 . o;} ;Gb{edf ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg cfzfltt pknAwL ;d'bfosf] ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg tyf cg's"ng Ifdtfdf a[l4eO{
of]hgf th'{df lgb]{lzsf, @)^* n] dfu{bz{g u/]sf] k|lqmof / r/0fx?nfO{ cjnDag ub}{ o;sf] hLlasf]kfh{gdf ;xof]u k'Ug] .
efjgf cg'?k o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfdf ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf tof/ kfl/Psf] 5 . ljkb hf]lvd s[lif tyf vfB ;'/Iff, hn;|f]t tyf phf{, hnpTkGg tyf cGo k|sf]k,
o; k|s[ofnfO{ d't{?k lbg UNICEF Nepal, Sahamati, Practical Action / gu/kflnsfsf] cfly{s Pjd\ Go"lgs/0f sfo{of]hgf hg–:jf:Yo, cfjfz If]q tyf Eff}lts k'jf{wf/
k|fljlws ;xof]udf ;Dej ePsf] xf] . o; sfo{of]hgf tof/Lsf] qmddf o;sf k|To]s r/0fdf :yfgLo ;DkGg x'g] ljifout
JolQmx?sf] ;s[o ;xefuLtf /x]sf] 5 ;fy} tof/L ug]{ qmddf ljleGg lgsfosf k|ltlgwLx?, :yfgLo If]q
;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k|ToIf ;xeflutfdf cGt/lqmofTds 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . pxfFx?af6 cfPsf cg'dflgt nfut ?= !,!!,^),%),)))=))
tYox?sf cfwf/df o; :yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf -LDRMP_ tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . of]hgf sfof{Gjog Gfu/kflnsfsf] g]t[Tj :yfgLo ;]jfk|bfos ;+3;+:yfsf] ;xsfo{df .
o; gu/kflnsfsf] :yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf k|ltj]bgsf] ;f/f;+nfO{ tnsf] tflnsfdf d'Vo e"ldsf÷;xof]u lh=;=;=, lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no, b}lj k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldlt, gu/kflnsf
k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 . ug{ ;Sg] lgsfox? tyf ljifout zfvf Pj+ sfof{no, l;rfO{ sfof{no, j}slNks phf{
zLif{s ljj/0f ;zlQms/0f k/f;L, u}=;=;=, :yflgo Sna, ;d"x tyf ;+3 ;+:yf, :yfgLo
Gfu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf, -jb{3f6 ;':tf k"j{_ gjnk/f;L :jf:Yo s]Gb|, /]8qm; zfvf÷pkzfvf, k|x/L sfof{no, jg pkef]Qmf ;d"x,
l;dfgf k"j{df u}8fsf]6 gu/kflnsf, klZrddf sfjf;f]tL gu/kflnsf, pQ/df UNICEF, UNDP, Sahamati, Practical Action, e"–;+/If0f sfof{no,
a'lnª6f/ ufpFkflnsf / blIf0fdf lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] dWojtL{ ;xdtL, lr=/f=gL= dWojtL{ If]q cflb .
gf/fo0fL gbL lsgf/f kb{5 .

4# 5ª
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

Ifdtf ljsf; Gfu/kflnsf, j8fx? tyf 6f]n ltgj6} txsf sfof{Gjogstf{, Joj:yfks, ljifo–;"rL
cg'udgstf{ ;d]t :yfgLo txdf ljifout Ifqsf] hgzlQm ljsf; sfo{
ul/g] . k|sfzsLo
n}+lus tyf ;fdflhs o; ljkb Joj:yfkg of]hgf th'd{ f ul/Psf] sfo{of]hgfsf lqmofsnfkx?df sfo{sf/L zf/f+z
;dfa]zls/0f ljkGg, blnt, dlxnf, tyf k5fl8 kfl/Psf ju{x?sf] kxFr
'+ tyf lgoGq0fsf] v08 ! M kl/ro!
cj:yf ;'lglZrt ul/Psf] 5 . !=! k[i7e"ld!
of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfn] o; ljkb Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] !=@ of]hgfsf] p2]Zo  @
g]t[Tj ug]{ 5 . o; of]hgfsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog / ;dGjofTds e"ldsfsf !=# of]hgfsf] cfj:ostf tyf dxTj
nflu gu/kflnsfsf] ljifout ;ldlt jftfj/0f tyf ljkb\ Aoj:yfkg !=$ of]hgfsf l;df $
;ldlt lqmoflzn /xg]5 . ;fy} :yfgLo ;d'bfo / ;+3;+:yfsf] ;xsfo{df . !=% of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f k|lqmof / ljlw $
cg'udg tyf d'NofÍg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k|ToIf ;xeflutf / lh=;=;= gu/kflnsf Pj+ jftfj/0f !=^ of]hgf sfof{Gjog /0fgLlt ^
tyf ljkb\ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf] cu'jfO{df ljkb Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf !=& of]hgfsf] cg'udg d'NofÍg tyf k'g/fjnf]sg &
sfof{Gjogsf] cg'udg cw{aflif{s tyf aflif{s ?kdf ul/g] 5 . !=* ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / :yfgLo cg's'ng of]hgfaLr cGt{;DaGw &

v08 @ M k|sf]k ;+s6f;Ggtf, Ifdtf / hf]lvd ljZn]if0f(

@=! P]ltxfl;s 36gfqmd d'NofÍg(
@=!=! k|sf]ksf] klxrfg tyf :t/Ls/0f!)
@=@ d};d kfqf]!!
@=# afnL kfqf]  !#
@=$ k|sf]k ljZn]if0f!$
@=$=! k|sf]k sf/0f / k|efj !%
@=% j8f tyf jl:tsf] ;+s6f;Ggtf ljZn]if0f !&
@=^ gu/kflnsfsf] Ifdtf ljZn]if0f @)
@=& k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ ;+:yfx?  @@
@=* hf]lvd klxrfg tyf ljZn]if0f @#
@=( hnjfo' kl/j{tg tYofÍ ljZn]if0f @%

v08 # M ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf  @&

#=! ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / k"j{tof/L of]hgf  @&
#=!=! e"sDk @(
6
r 7%
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

#=!=@ af9L  #@ tflnsf !) M k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf] If]qdf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfdf sfd ug]{ ;+:yfx? @@
#=!=# klx/f] #$ tflnsf !! M :yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f cEof; tyf ug{ ;lsg]
#=!=$ cfunfuL  #^ k|of; / pkfox?sf] n]vfhf]vf  @&
#=!=% v8]/L  #* tflnsf !@ M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx?  @(
#=!=^ h+unLhgfj/ cfqmd0f $) tflnsf !# M ljkb\sf] ;dosf lqmofsnfkx¿ #)
#=!=& ;8s b'3{6gf  $! tflnsf !$ M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx?  #@
#=!=* k|sf]k M ;k{b+z  $@ tflnsf !% M ljkb\sf] ;dosf lqmofsnfkx¿ #@
#=@ :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg tof/L sfo{of]hgf th'{df  $# tflnsf M !^ ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿ ##
tflnsf !& M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? #$
v08 $ M of]hgfsf] :jLs[lt tyf sfof{Gjog  $^ tflnsf !* M ljkb k|ltsfo{sf lqmofsnfkx? #$
$=! of]hgfsf] :jLs[lt  $^ tflnsf M !( ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿ #%
$=@ ah]6 Joj:yfkg  $^ tflnsf @) M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx?  #^
$=# of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog  $^ tflnsf @! M ljkb k|ltsfo{sf lqmofsnfkx? #^
$=$ of]hgfsf] cg'udg d"NofÍg tyf k'g/fjnf]sg  $^ tflnsf @@ M ljkb kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx? #&
tflnsf @# M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? #*
v08 % M lgisif{ / ;'emfjx?  $& tflnsf @$ M lakb kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx? #*
%=! lgisif{  $& tflnsf @% M lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf lqmofsnfkx? $)
%=@ ;'emfjx?  $& tflnsf @^ M lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf lqmofsnfkx? $!
cg';"rLx?  $* tflnsf @& M lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf lqmofsnfkx? $@

tflnsfx?sf] ;"rL lrqx?sf] ;"rL

tflnsf ! M P]ltxfl;s 36gfqmd tyf k|sf]kx?af6 ePsf] Iflt ljj/0fsf]] n]vfhf]vf  ( lrq ! M glhssf] b'/Ldf /x]sf] /fdk'/ lrtjgsf] ljut jif{x?sf] tfkqmd /
tflnsf @ M k|sf]kx?sf] :t/Ls/0f ljj/0f  !! jiff{sf] tYofÍ ljZn]if0f  @%
Tfflnsf # M df};d tyf k|sf]k kfqf] ljZn]if0f  !@
tflnsf $ M jfnL kfqf] ljZn]if0f  !#
tflnsf % M k|sf]k jf6 k|efj kg]{ ;Defljt If]qx?  !$
tflnsf ^ M k|sf]k, Iflt x'g] sf/0f / o;sf k|efj ljZn]if0f  !%
tflnsf & M j8f cg';f/sf] ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0f ljj/0f !*
Tflnsf M * Jf8f cg';f/ ;+s6f;Ggtf ljZn]if0f !(
tflnsf (M ljleGg ;|f]tx?sf] cj:yf tyf gu/kflnsfsf] Ifdtf ljZn]if0f  @!

8
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b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

v08 – ! M kl/ro
!=! k[i7e"ld M

$ g+ k|b]z sf] s]lx efu -jb{3f6 ;':tf k"j{_ / % g+ k|b]zsf] s]lx efu -jb{3f6 ;':tf klZrd_ df
kg]{ Gfjnk/f;L lhNnf ;d'G› ;txaf6 sl/a (! ld= b]lv !(#^ ld= ;Ddsf] prfO{df sl/a @!^@
ju{ ls=dL= If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] 5 . o; lhNnfsf]] k"j{—blIf0f efudf gjnk'/, klZrd—blIf0f efudf
t/fO{, pQ/–k"j{ / pQ/—klZrd efudf dxfef/t kj{t >[ªvnfsf] r'/] kxf8L If]q kb{5 . gjnk/f;L
lhNnf ef}uf]lns ?kdf klg ;DkGg Pj+ leGg} klxrfg af]s]sf] tLg tNn] lhNnfsf] ?kdf ;'kl/lrt
/x]sf] 5 . oxfF kxf8L k|b]z, leqL dw]z / t/fO{ k|b]z /x]sf 5g\ .
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf o;} lhNnfsf] gjnk'/ If]qsf] dWoefudf cjl:yt clwsf+z ;dy/ e"ld / s]xL
kxf8L If]q ;d]t ePsf] gu/kflnsf xf] . ;fljssf] lbJok'/L, b]jr'nL / k|ultgu/ uf=lj=;=nfO{
;dfj]z u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ldlt @)&!÷)!÷@% sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ 3f]lift gu/kflnsf
ldlt @)&# kmfNu'g @& sf] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o af6 ;fljs /hx/ uf=la=;=nfO{ ;dfj]z u/L
u7g ePsf] gu/kflnsf xf] . o; gu/kflnsfnfO{ !& j8fdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . !@! ju{ ls=ld
If]qkmndf km}lnPsf] o; gu/kflnsf k"j{df u}8fsf]6 gu/kflnsf, klZrddf sfjf;f]tL gu/kflnsf,
pQ/df a'lnª6f/ ufpFkflnsf / blIf0fdf lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~hsf] dWojtL{ gf/fo0fL gbLsf] rf/
l;dfgf leq cjl:yt 5 . o; gu/kflnsfsf] tfkqmd cf}ift Go"gtd % l8lu| ;]lG6|u|]8 b]lv cf};t
clwstd #* l8lu| ;]lG6|u|]8 ;Dd x'G5 eg] aiff{ ;fnfvfnf cf};t !((# dL=dL x'G5 . xfjfkfgLsf]
b[li6n] of] gu/kflnsfsf] s]lx efu pi0f / s]xL efu ;dlztf]i0f hnjfo' If]q cGt{ut kb{5 . of]
gu/kflnsf gjnk/f;L lhNnfsf] P]ltxfFl;s, ko{6sLo / ;fdflhs ;f+:s[lts ?kdf ;d]t ljlzi6
dxTj jf]s]sf] gu/ xf] . b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] ljlzi6 ef}uf]lns jgfj6, lhNnfs} cUnf b]jr'nL
/ j/r'nL 8fF8fx?, ;dy/ kmfF6 tyf pj{/ l;+lrt hldg, xl/ofnL h+un tyf wfld{s ;f+:s[lts
dxTjsf ;fy} ltj| ?kdf zxl/s/0f ePsf] If]q xf] . k"j{ klZrd /fhdfu{sf] sl/j &=% ls=ld= o;}
gu/kflnsfsf] If]q cGt{ut kb{5 .
o; gu/kflnsfsf dxTjk"0f{ ahf/x? k|ultgu/, bnbn], s]p/fgL, /hx/, wf/fkfgL kb{5g . oxfF
a|fXd0f, If]qL, du/, g]jf/, u'?Ë, blnt ;d'bfo, yf?, tfdfª, ysfnL, d'lZnd, af]6] d'zx/, s'dfn
nufPtsf hfthftLsf] a;f]jf; /x]sf] 5 .
o; gu/kflnsf eO{ aUg] d'Vo vf]nf tyf gbLx? Gf/fo0fL gbL, af}nfxf vf]nf, em/fxL vf]nf, nf]sfxf
vf]nf d's0' 8] vf]nf, ju'xL vf]nf cflb 5g eg] oxf ;–;fgf vx/] vf]nfx? klg 5g . oL vf]nfx? oxfsf]
w]/} ;d'bfosf] nflu ;|f]tsf] ?kdf /x]sf] ePtf klg o;df cfpg] af9Ln] eg] o; gu/kflnsfnfO{{

10
` 1
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
lgs} b'vM lbO/x]sf] ca:yf ;d]t 5 . ;fy} aif]{lg af9L, klx/f], dxfdf/L, cfunfuL, h+uln hgfj/sf]
cftÍ h:tf k|sf]kx?n] klg oxfFsf dflg;x? k|eflat 5g . t;{y o; gu/kflnsfsf] laBdfg lakb
hf]lvdnfO{ l;nl;n]jf/ ?kdf Go"lgs/0fsf nflu ;xlhs/0f ug{ of] of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf] .
!=@ of]hgfsf] p2]Zo M
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgfsf] d'Vo p4]Zo o; gu/kflnsfdf k|dv
' k|sf]kx?af6 lglDtg]
ljkb\hGo cj:yfdf x'g] Ifltsf] Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkg ug'{ xf] . of]hgfsf ljlzi6 p4]Zox?
b]xfo adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ .
• Gfu/kflnsfdf ePsf ljBdfg k|sf]kx? tyf To;af6 x'g] ljkb\hGo cj:yf / Ifltsf] klxrfg
u/L ltgsf] Go"gLs/0f ug{ ;dfwfgsf pkfox? klxrfg ug'{ .
• ljkb\af6 x'g] Iflt lbuf] ?kdf Go"gLs/0f ug{ :yfgLo :t/df klxrfg ePsf ljkb\ k"j{, ljkb\sf]
;dodf / lakb\ kZrft\ ljleGg lqmofsnfkx?sf] ljZn]if0f u/L of]hgf lgdf{0f u/L ;+rfng
ug'{ .
• ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fdf sfo{/t ljleGg ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L tyf cGo ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf]
e"ldsf klxrfg u/L ;dGjofTds 9+un] Plss[t?kdf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogsf] ;'lglZrttf ug'{ .
• lasf;sf laleGg lqmofsnfkx?df lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f / hnjfo' cg's'ngnfO{ ;dfj]z ug{
dfu{lgb]{zg ug'{ .
!=# of]hgfsf] cfjZostf tyf dxTj M
o; ;Gbe{df g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t æljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^Æ df Joj:yf
eP adf]lhd ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] If]qdf k"j{tof/L tyf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f sfo{nfO{ ljz]if
dxTj lbOPsf] 5 . ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf] ;jfnnfO{ ljsf;sf of]hgf;+u d"nk|jfxLs/0f u/L
ljkb\ pTyfgzLn ;dfh lgdf0f{ ug{] qmddf lhDd]jf/ lgsfon] kxnsbdL lng cfjZos eO;s]sf]
5 . o; kl/l:yltdf ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{ s]Gb| b]lv :yfgLo tx;Dd lj:tf/ u/L ;a} txsf
ljsf; gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug{' kg{] oyfy{tfnfO{ cfTd;ft ub{} lbuf] ljsf;sf] df-
GotfnfO{ ;'lglZrt ug{ k|efljt ;a} ju{ ;d'bfo Pj+ If]qsf] kxF'r / :jldTj :yflkt x'g]u/L :yfgLo
;|f]t, ;fwg tyf Ifdtfsf] clwstd\ kl/rfng ub{} ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgnfO{ ;xeflutfd"ns,
kf/bzL{ pQ/bfoL, ;dfj]zL / lhDd]jf/ agfpg ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg /fli6«o /0fgLlt, @)^^ sf]
d"n efjgf tyf dd{nfO{ cfTd;ft ub{} g]kfn ;/sf/n] æ:yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
th{'df lgb{]lzsf @)^*Æ :jLs[t u/L nfu' u/]sf] 5 .
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf laleGg k|sf]kx?jf6 aif]{gL k|eflat x'g] u/]sf] 5 . k|To]s aif{ s'g} g s'g} ?kdf
cfpg] lakbsf sf/0f wghg, ef}tLs k"jf{wf/ cflbsf] Iflt x'g] u/]sf] 5 . t;{y laleGg ;dodf
2 3
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
b'vM lbO/x]sf] k|sf]ksf] c;/nfO{ sd ug{sf nflu lglZrt of]hgf agfO sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;|f]tx?sf]
plrt afF8kmfF8 x'g uO{ ;du| gu/kflnsfsf] lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fdf cxd e"ldsf x'g ;Sb5 .
;fy} ljsf; of]hgf 5gf}6 ubf{ jf sfo{Gjog ubf{ gu/kflnsfsf] lakb hf]lvd of]hgfnfO{ ;d]t
Wofg lbO sfo{Gjog ul/of] eg] To:tf] ljsf;n] lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fnfO{ 6]jf lbG5 .
o;/L lgdf{0f ePsf] ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf o; gu/sf] ;DklQsf] ?kdf /xg]5 / o;sf]
sfof{Gjogsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ lhDd]jf/L ;DalGwt gu/kflnsfsf] g} x'g]5 . gu/kflnsfsf lgj{flrt
hgk|ltlglw, j8f ;ldlt, nufPtsf] ;xeflutfdf o; of]hgf lgdf{0f ePsf] x'Fbf pQm l;ldltn]
cfjZos ah]6sf] Joj:yfkg nufot sfof{Gjogdf ;dGjTds e"ldsf v]Ng]5 . ljkb\ Joj:yfkg
tyf hnjfo' kl/j{tg cg's'ng / Go"lgs/0fsf If]qdf sfo{/t ljleGg lgsfo tyf cGo u}x|;/sf/L
;+3;+:yfx?n] pknAw >f]tsf] pknAwtfsf] cfwf/df of]hgfsf lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ cfly{s Pjd
k|fljlws ;xof]u ug{ cfjZos klg kg]{5 . ;fy} of]hgfn] ;+s6f;Gg ;d'bfosf] klxrfg u/L
ljkb\sf] ;fdgf ug{ ljleGg cfo cfh{g tyf >f]t ;fwgsf] Joj:yfkgsf kIfnfO{ klg ;d]6]sf] x'gfn]
of]hgfsf] pkof]u ul/jL lgjf/0f tyf k|fs[lts >f]t ;fwgsf] ;+/If0fsf nflu klg ;xof]uL x'g]5 .
t;y{, o; of]hgfsf] pkof]u lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt, ;/sf/L ljifout sfof{nox?, u}/ ;/sf/L
;+3;+:yfx?, bft[ lgsfox?, lzIf0f ;+:yfx?, ;f]wstf{x?, ;d'bfo, JolQm, :jo+;]js, ;xhstf{sf
;fy} ljkb\\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fdf ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] ;Dk"0f{n] ug{ ;Sg]5g\ . of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ePsf
lqmofsnfkx?sf] sfof{Gjog >f]t ;fwgsf] pknAwtfdf lge{/ x'gfn] ;a} lqmofsnfkx? Ps} ;dodf
;DkGg ug{ ;Dej gx'g] x'gfn] x/]s jif{ ;Grfng x'g] gu/kflnsf tyf cGo ljifout sfof{non]
of]hgfnfO{ k|fyldstfsf cfwf/df ;dfj]z ub}{ ;do ;fk]If ;dGjoTds ?kdf sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
k|To]s jif{ of]hgfnfO{ gu/kflnsfn] cWofjlws ug]{ / jh]6 ljlgof]ljht ug{ cfaZos b]lvG5 .
t;{y o; of]hgfsf] 5'§} ljlzi6 dxTj /fVb5 h'g o; k|sf/ 5 .
• gu/kflnsfdf ljleGg k|sf]ksf] b[li6sf]0faf6 pRr / dWod hf]lvddf /x]sf j8fx? 5gf}6
ePsfn] cfufdL lbgdf s'g} klg ;+3;+:yf jf lgsfonfO{ sfo{ ug{ dfu{ k|z:t ub{5 .
• of]hgfdf ljleGg k|sf]ksf] If]qdf sfo{ ug]{ lhDd]jf/ ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfo klg klxrfg
ePsf]n] cfufdL lbgdf ;dGjfTds tl/sfn] sfo{ ug]{ ;3fp k'¥ofp5 .
• ljkb\sf] If]qdf sfo{ ug]x{ ?sf] nflu of] of]hgf dfu{bz{s b:tfj]hsf] ?kdf gu/kflnsfdf /xg] 5 .
• of]hgf lgdf{0f k|lqmof ljz]if u/L gu/kflnsfsf] kxndf :yfgLo :j+o;]jsx? åf/f
;xeflutfd"ns Ifdtf tyf ;+s6fled'vtf ljZn]if0f ul/ ;+sng ul/Psf] hfgsf/L cg';f/
tof/ ul/Psf]n] gu/kflnsfsf] ;lx a:t'l:ylt emNsfpb5 . t;y{ lqmofsnfkx? sfo{Gjog
cfaZostfg';f/ x'g]5 .
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
!=$ of]hgfsf l;df M
o; of]hgf :yfgLo :t/df pknAw hfgsf/L, ljutsf 36gfsf cg'ejx?, :yfgLo hgk|ltgLlw,
:yfgLo ;d'bfo tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;DaGwdf ePsf l;sfO{ / cjwf/0ffx?df
cfwfl/t eO{ tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . of]hgf lgdf{0fsf qmddf k|fs[lts tyf dfgljo sf/0faf6 eljiodf
x'g;Sg] ljleGg k|s[ltsf ljkb\x?sf] a}1flgs ljZn]if0f ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g\ . t;y{ o;sf] sfof{Gjog
ubf{ >f]t, ;fwg / k|ljlwsf] pknAwtfsf cfwf/df ;DalGwt k|sf]kx? / ltgsf Joj:yfkgsf
;Gbe{df of]hgfsf lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ cfjZos ;'wf/ / kl/dfh{g ub}{ hfg' cfjZos b]lvG5 .
• klxrfg ePsf] ;Dk"0f{ k|sf]ksf] of]hgf >f]t ;fwg / ;dosf] sf/0fn] o;df ;dfj]z ul/Psf]
5}g\ .
• :t/Ls/0fdf k/]sf & j6f k|sf]ksf] dfq ljkb\ Joj:yfkg of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] 5 .
• Gfu/kflnsfsf] k|sf]k, ;+s6f;Ggtf / Ifdtf laZn]if0f sfo{zfnf ;~rfng ubf{ ;do cjlw
5f]6f] ePsf] / ;/f]sf/jfnf ;a} pknAw gePsf]n] ;du| hfgsf/Lx?sf nflu cufdL lbgx?df
k'g{/fjnf]sg ug'{kg]{ x'g ;S5 .
• of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;Gbe{df klxrfg ePsf ;a} lqmofsnfk Ps} k6s sfof{Gjog ug{
g;lsg] x'gfn] >f]t ;fwg / Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df qmdz sfof{Gjog ub}{ n}hfg' kb{5 .
• ;dfj]z ul/Psf] ;xof]uL lgsfo / ;dofjlw ;do kl/l:ylt, cfjZostf / ;DalGwt
lgsfosf] cu|;/tf k"0f{ e/ kg{ ;Sg]5 .
!=% of]hgf lgdf{0f k|lqmof ljlw M
o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] gu/ :t/Lo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgfsf] lgdf{0f k|s[ofnfO{
k|efjsf/L Pjd\ ;dGjoTds agfpg] p4]Zon] ;xeflutfd"ns k4ltsf] canDjg ul/Psf] 5 .
;d'bfo :jodn] tof/ u/]sf] ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf a9L jf:tljstfdf cfwfl/t /
sfof{Gjogdf k|efjsf/L x'g] tYonfO{ dgg u/L o; gu/kflnsfsf] cfof]hgfdf ljleGg r/0fx?df
;d'bfo tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k|ToIf ;+nUgtfdf of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] xf] . cjnDjg ul/Psf
r/0fx?nfO{ lgDg adf]lhd /x]sf 5g\ M
s_ of]hgf lgdf{0f kl/rofTds a}7s M
of]hgf lgdf{0f k|lqmofnfO{ cl3 a9fpg b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] cfof]hgfdf ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf]
k|ToIf ;+nUgtfdf ! lbj;Lo of]]hgf th"{df a}7s cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm ;df/f]xdf b]jr'nL
gu/kflnsfsf gu/ k|d'v, gu/ pk–k|d'v, sfo{sf/L clws[t, nufot ;/f]sf/jfnf tyf :yfgLo
4 5
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
;d'bfosf] ;xeflutf lyof] . pQm a}7sdf ;d'bfo lakb hf]lvd Aoa:yfkg of]hgfsfsf] pB]Zo,
dxTj, k|s[of nufPtsf laifox?df hfgsf/L Pj+ 5nkmn ul/Psf] lyof] . of]hgf lgdf{0f k|lqmofnfO{
:yfgLo ;d'bfo tyf j8fdf ;xhLs/0f tyf ;"rgf ;+sng / ljZn]if0fsf nflu ;a} j8fsf j8f
cWoIfx? ;d]tsf] Ifdtf clea[l4sf nflu ;xeflutfd"ns Ifdtf tyf ;+s6f;Ggtf laZn]if0f
;DalGw cled'lvs/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf ljkb\;Fu ;DalGwt dxTjk"0f{ s]xL zAbfanL,
ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf lgdf{0fsf] dxTj, ;xeflutfd"ns Ifdtf tyf ;+s6f;Ggtf ljZn]if0f
ljlwx? / j8f :t/df ;"rgf ;+sng ug]{ r]slni6 cflb ;+nUg ul/Psf] lyof] .
v_ of]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu k|of]u ul/Psf] ljwL, ;"rgf ljZn]if0f tyf Joj:yfkg M
o; r/0fdf of]hgf th'{df ;xhstf{sf] ;xof]udf j8f :t/jf6 k|fKt lgDgfg';f/sf sfo{x? ;DkGg
ul/Psf] lyof] .
• Gfu/kflnsf, jg sfof{no, :jf:Yo rf}sL, s[lif sfof{no / cGo ;+3;+:yfsf j:t'ut ljj/0f
-k|f]kmfOn_ tyf k|ltj]bgx?, k|ult k|ltj]bg cfbLsf] cfwf/df of]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu cfjZos
kg]{ lålto >f]tjf6 ;"rgfx? h:t}M hg;+Vof, ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?, ;|f]t Tfyf Ifdtfx?, ljutdf
ePsf k|sf]ksf 36gfx? / Ifltsf] ljj/0f, jg tyf s[lif If]q, k|sf]k Joj:yfkgdf sfo{ ug]{
lgsfox? tyf of]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu cfjZos kg]{ cGo ;DaGwLt ;"rgfx? ;+sng .
• Gfu/kflnsf :t/Lo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf lgdf{0fsf nflu ;d'bfosf] ;fdflhs
cj:yf, ;+s6f;Ggtf, hf]lvd tyf Ifdtfsf] klxrfgsf nflu ;a} j8fx?df ;xeflutfd"ns
Ifdtf tyf ;+s6f;Ggtf ljZn]if0f (PCVA) ;~rfng ul/Psf] .
;xeflutfd"ns Ifdtf tyf ;+s6f;Ggtf ljZn]if0f nflu lgDg ljlwx?sf] k|of]u ul/Psf] lyof] .
• ;fdflhs, ;+s6f;Ggtf / Ifdtf gSzf+sg
• P]ltxfl;s 36gfqmd d'NofÍg
• k|sf]k, ;+s6f;Ggtf / Ifdtf vfsf
• ultlzn gSzf+sg
• kfqf]x? - df};dL, afnL, k|sf]k, _
• ;d:of a[If
• :yfgLo 1fg, ;Lk / k|ljlwsf] n]vfª\sg
• ;fdflhs / ;:yfut ;~hfn laZn]if0f
• w/ftlno lx8fO{ cflb .
dfly pNn]lvt lalwx? k|of]usf d'Voto ;d'x 5nkmn, :tl/s/0f, k|ToIf canf]sg cGt{jftf{ h:tf
tl/sfx?sf] k|of]u ePsf] lyof] .
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
;a} j8fx?af6 ;"rgf ;+sng ul/;s]kl5 ;"rgfsf] ljZn]if0f u/L gu/kflnsf :t/sf] ljkb\ hf]lvd
kfZj{ lrq (Disaster Risk Profile) tof/ ul/Psf] 5 . ;xeflutfd"ns Ifdtf tyf ;+s6f;Ggtf
ljZn]if0f (PCVA) af6 gu/kflnsfdf cfO{kg]{ k|sf]kx?, ltgLx?sf] :tl/s/0f, ltglx?n] k'¥ofPsf]
Iflt, ;+s6f;Ggtf, k|sf]ksf] k|efjnfO{ Go"g ug{ ;d'bfosf] Ifdtf, :yfgLo :t/df pknAw >f]t,
;fwg, lzk, 1fg tyf k|sf]ksf] hf]lvdsf] ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 . o; kfZj{ lrqn] gu/kflnsfdf
:yfgLo lakb hf]lvd Aoa:yfkg of]hgf -LDRMP_ th'{df ug{ dfu{lgb]{z u/]sf] lyof] .
u_ of]hgf th'{df uf]i7Lsf] cfof]hgf M
of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofnfO{ cl3 a9fpg b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] cfof]hgfdf ljleGg ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf]
k|ToIf ;+nUgtfdf @ lbg] sfo{zfnf cfof]]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm ;df/f]xdf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf
gu/ k|d'v, gu/ pk–k|d'v, sfo{sf/L clws[t, !& j6} j8fsf j8f cWoIf, gu/sfo{kflnsfsf
;b:o, n]vf clws[t, k|zf;sLo clws[t, gu/kflnsfsf jftfj/0f clws[t, ;fdflhs ljsf;
zfvf, sfof{nosf sd{rf/L, ;/f]sf/jfnf tyf :yfgLo ;/sf/L tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+3 ;+:yfx?af6
;xeflutf lyof] .
uf]i7Lsf] klxnf] lbg ;j} j8fx?af6 ;xeflutfd"ns Ifdtf tyf ;+s6f;Ggtf ljZn]if0faf6 pknAw
gu/ :t/sf] ;"rgfnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fO{ 5nkmn u/L ;xdt x'g] sfo{ eof] . bf];|f] lbg ;f]
laZn]if0faf6 cfPsf] hfgsf/LnfO{ Wofgdf /flv gu/kflnsfsf] sf] lakb hf]lvd Aoa:yfkg of]hgf
lgdf{0f ul/of] .
!=^ of]hgf sfof{Gjog /0fgLlt M
• gu/kflnsfaf6 :jLs[t ljkb hf]lvd Aoa:yfkg of]hgf jftfj/0f tyf ljkb Joj:yfkg ;ldlt
dfkm{t\ sfof{Gjog u/fpg k|fyldstf lbO{g]5 .
• gu/kflnsf lakb\ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltn] :jLs[t :yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Joj:Yffkg of]hgf laifout
sfof{no, ;d'bfo, ;3+;:yf tyf lghL If]q Pj+ ;d'bfo lakb Aoa:yfkg ;ldltsf] ;xof]u lnO{
sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
• s'g} klg If]qdf pTkGg lakb\n] ;+s6f;Ggtf Ifdtf / hf]lvddf kf/]sf] kl/jt{gnfO{ ;Daf]wg
ug{ k|To]s aif{ of]hgfsf] k'g/fjnf]sg u/L aflif{s sfo{qmd tyf of]hgf tof/ ul/g]5 .
• lakb hf]lvd Aoa:yfkg sfo{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg k||To]s kfFr aif{df of]hgfsf] a[xt
k'g{/fjnf]sg u/L aflif{s sfo{qmd tyf of]hgf tof/ tof/ ul/g]5 .
• :jLs[t of]hgfn] lgwf{/0f u/sf] k|fyldstf k|fKt lqmofsnfk ;~rfngsf] nflu gu/kflnsfn]
6 7
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
cfkmgf] Ifdtf cg';f/ cfaZos ah]]6 lalgof]hg ul/g]5 .
• of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu gu/kflnsfn] lhNnf b}jL k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldlt, lhNnf ;dGjo
;ldlt, laifout sfof{nox?, g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L, /fli6o tyf cGt{/fli6o uf}=;=; tyf
bft[ lgsfo;d]tsf] ;dGjo / ;xof]udf ah]6sf] Aoa:yf ug]{5 .
!=& of]hgfsf] cg'udg, d'Nofª\sg tyf k'g/fjnf]sg M
• gu/kflnsfn] aflif{s gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ubf{ :yfgLo lakb\ hf]lvd
Aoa:yfkg of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] ;d]t lgoldt cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug'{kg]{5 .
• gu/sfo{kflnsfsf] ljifout ;ldlt jftfj/0f tyf ljkb Joo:yfkg ;ldltn] :yfgLo lakb\
hf]lvd Aoa:yfkg sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsfl/tf ;d]t d"NofÍg u/L cfaZostfg";f/ gu/kflnsf
nfO{ l;kmfl/; ug'{kg]{5 .
• gu/kflnsfn] cfkm\gf] cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg k|lta]bg ;DalGwt lgsfox?df k]z ug'{kg]{5 .
• of]hgfsf] lj:t[t k'g/fjnf]sg / kl/dfh{g eg] % jif{sf] cjlwdf ug'{ kg]{5 .
!=* ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / :yfgLo cg's"ng of]hgf ljr cGt/ ;DaGw
:yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg / :yfgLo cg's"ng of]hgfsf] d'Vo pB]Zo g]kfnn] ef]lu/xg' kg]{
/ bf]xf]l//xg] af9L, klx/f], dxfdf/L, cfunfuL, lztnx/ h:tf ljgfzsf/L :fd:of tyf hf]lvdx?;+u
h'Wg pTyfgzLn ;d'bfosf] lgdf{0f ug{' /x]sf] 5 . ;fy} ;d'bfosf] Ifdtf clej[lå ug{', jt{dfg
tyf eflj hf]lvd tyf k|efjnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug{' /x]sf] 5 . o; of]hgfx? b'j}nfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n]
cg'df]bg ul/;s]sf] 5 . sfo{of]hgf agfpbf k|efljt ;j} ju{ ;d'bfo P+j If]qsf] kx+'r / :jfldTj
:yflkt x'g]u/L :yfgLo ;|f]t ;fwg tyf Ifdtfsf] clwstd kl/rfngdf Wofg lbg'kb{5 . ;fy}
;xeflutfd'ns, kf/bZfL{, pTt/bfoL, ;dfj]zL / lhDd]jf/ x'g'kb{5 . :yfgLo hnjfo' kl/jt{g
cg'sn " g / ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:ykg of]hgf b'j} 5'§f5'§} ePtfklg o;sf] pb]Zo, cfZfo of]hgf th'd
{ f,
k|lqmof / ljlwdf vf;} leGgtf b]lvb}g . lbuf] ljsf;sf] dfGotfnfO{ ;'lglZrt\ ug{ o; of]hgfx?nfO{
lgoldt ljsf;sf of]hgf;+u d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug'{kb{5 . :yfgLo cg's"ng of]hgfdf hnjfo'' pTkGg
k|sf]k Pp6f If]q ePtf klg cGo ljkb\, h:t} ljgfZfsf/L e"sDk h:tf ljkb\ hf]lvdnfO{ ;Djf]wg
gug{] ePsf]n] :yflgo cg's"ng of]hgf / :yflgo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf ;dfof]hg ug'{kg]{
cfjZostf b]lvG5 .
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

:yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof v08 – @ M k|sf]k, ;ª\s6f;Ggtf, Ifdtf / hf]lvd ljZn]if0f
r/0f–! M ;dGjo / k|f/lDes tof/L @=! P]ltxfl;s 36gfqmd d'Nofª\sg (Historical Timeline Analysis)
!=! lhNnf:t/Lo ;dGjo / gu/kflnsfsf] 5gf]6 o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf If]qleq ljleGg ljut @)#@ ;fn b]vL xfn;Dd ePsf] hnjfo'hGo / b}jL
!=@ k|f/lDes e]nf tyf ;ldlt u7g k|sf]k jf k|fs[lts k|sf]kx?sf] lg/Gt/tf tyf pQm k|sf]kx? jf6 ePsf] Iflt ljj/0fsf]] n]vfhf]vf
!=# of]hgf th'{df pk;ldlt u7g / ljZn]if0f u/L eljiodf bf]xf]l/g ;Sg] cyjf hf]lvdsf] ?kdf k6s–k6s cfpg ;Sg] ;Defjgf
!=$ Ifdtf ljsf; tflnd ePsf k|sf]kx?sf] cfsng ul/Psf] 5 - tflnsf !_ .

r/0f–% M cg'udg, d"Nofª\sg r/0f–@ M ;ª\s6f;Ggtf tyf tflnsf! M P]ltxfl;s 36gfqmd tyf k|sf]kx?af6 ePsf] Iflt ljj/0fsf]] n]vfhf]vf
/ k'g/fjnf]sg :yfgLo ljkb\ Ifdtf ljZn]if0f ldlt  k|sf]kx? Iflt ljj/0f / :yfg Iflt s}lkmot
%=! cg'udg tyf d"Nofª\sg hf]lvd Joj:yfkg @=! ljkb\ ; DaGwL ;" r gf tyf @)#@ ;fn cfufnfuL b]jr'nL–@, b'Dsf}nL #) 3/ gi6 %% nfv
%=@ of]hgfsf] k'g/fjnf]sg tyf of]hgf th'{df tYofª\s ;ª\sng @)#% ;fn cfufnfuL b]jr'nL–!%, k|ultgu/ @@ 3/ gi6 ## nfv
cBfjlws k|lqmof @=@ ;ª\s6f;Ggtf tyf Ifdtf
ljZn]if0f
@)$) ;fn cfufnfuL b]jr'nL–%, alGbk'/ !* 3/ gi6 @& nfv
@)#* ;fn Aff9L b]jr'nL–!& kmf/d, emx/]vf]nf dfgj tyf cToflws wg ! s/f]8
r/0f–$ M of]hgfsf] :jLs[lt r/0f–# M :yfgLo ljkb\
tyf kz' rf}kfP
tyf sfof{Gjog hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df @)#* ;fn Aff9L b]jr'nL–!,@,#–!^ ;Dd ef}lts Iflt ! s/f]8
$=! kl/ifb\af6 of]hgfsf] :jLs[tL #=! hf]lvd Joj:yfkg ;Dk"0f{ af}nfxf, d's'08], % nfv
$=@ ah]6 Joj:yf lqmofsnfksf] klxrfg tyf nf]sfxf vf]nf
$=# of]hgf sfof{Gjog k|fyldsLs/0f @)%) ;fn Aff9L b]jr'nL–!@, !#, !$ bnbn], @ hgf d[To'  ! s/f]8
#=@ of]hgf th'{df af}nfxf vf]nf
>f]t M :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df lgb]{lzsf, @)^* @)%* ;fn Aff9L b]jr'nL–$, emfqm], 7f8f] %) 3/ lj:yflkt  %) nfv
vf]N;f]
@)%* ;fn Aff9L b]jr'nL–%,^ d[t'Ë, af}nfxf ! hgf d[To' !) 3/ Iflt * nfv
vf]nf
@)#* ;fn / Aff9L b]jr'nL–!,!^,!&,!#,!%, !)) 3/ lj:yflkt, @ s/f]8
@)%%;fn gf/fo0fL gbL v]tLkftL tyf e"ld
aufPsf]
@)#* ;fn klx/f] b]jr'nL–%,^,!^ sLlt{k'/ @) 3/ Iflt @) nfv
afx|sf]n -s'njf;_ aGbLk'/
8 9
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

@)^# ;fn klx/f] b]jr'nL–%, aGbLk'/ -5f/] k}/f]_ vfg]kfgL ;+/rgf Iflt # nfv tflnsf @ M k|sf]kx?sf] :t/Ls/0f ljj/0f
@)&@ ;fn e'sDk sLlt{k'/–^ !)% 3/ gi6 @ s/f]8 qm= hf]lvd e"sDk Aff9L klx/f] H+funL Vf8]/L cfunfuL Dfxfdf/L ;8s r6\ofª
e'sDk alGbk'/ sbdk'/–% !@ 3/ Iflt @$ nfv ;+= hgfj/ b'3{6gf
e'sDk afx|sf]n–!^ l;~rfO{ s'nf] Iflt !* nfv ! e"sDk e"sDk e"sDk e"sDk e"sDk e"sDk e"sDk e"sDk e"sDk
@)$)÷@)&) jGohGt' lkk|x/ s'ngL !^, !& $ hgfsf] d[To', jf3 ! s/f]8
@ Aff9L Aff9L Aff9L Aff9L Aff9L Aff9L Aff9L Aff9L
;Dd tyf u}+8fsf] cfqmd0faf6
3fO{t] # klx/f] klx/f] klx/f] klx/f] klx/f] klx/f] klx/f]
jGohGt'  lkk|x/ !,!#,!%,!^,!* ds} tyf kmnkm"n, @) nfv 
t/sf/L Iflt H+funL h+unL h+unL h+unL h+unL h+unL
$
hgfj/ hgfj/ hgfj/ hgfj/ hgfj/ hgfj/
@)$@ ;fn r6\ofË b'Dsf}nL, ! k6s ! sf] d[To'  
@)%@ ;fn r6\ofË w';/L, !^ ! sf] d[To'   % Vf8]/L Vf8]/L Vf8]/L Vf8]/L Vf8]/L
@)%& ;fn r6\ofË lkk|x/, !& ! sf] d[To'  
^ cfunfuL cfunfuL cfunfuL cfunfuL
@)&$ ;fn dxfdf/L sLlt{k'/–^ emf8fkvfnfsf] dxfdf/L  
@)^$ ;fn dxfdf/L k[YjLgu/ ,,   & Dfxfdf/L Dfxfdf/L Dfxfdf/L
@)$) ;fn dxfdf/L k|ultgu/ ,,  
;8s ;8s
*
b'3{6gf b'3{6gf
@=!=! k|sf]ksf] klxrfg tyf :t/Ls/0f M
P]ltxfl;s ;do/]vf / 5nkmnsf] cfwf/df laleGg ;dodf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfnfO{ k|eflat ug]{ ( r6\ofª
d'Vo k|sf]kx?df qmdzM e"sDk, af9L, klx/f], h+unL hgfj/ cft+s, v8]/L, cfunfuL, dxfdf/L, ;8s
b'3{6gf, ;k{bz, r6\ofª d'Vo /x]sf 5g . e"sDk af6 ;a} j8fx? plQg} hf]lvddf ePklg kxf8L hDdf * & ^ % $ # @ ! )
j8fx? cem a9L k|efljt ePsf 5g . af9Laf6 ;aeGbf al9 k|eflat j8fx? !#, #, %, !%, !@,
!^, !& / ! nufPtsf x'g eg] klx/f]af6 a9L k|eflat x'g] a8fx? %, ^, $, !^, !&, / & x'g . o; @=@ df};d kfqf]
gu/kflnsfsf j8f g+ !), !, !#, !%, !#, !^, !&, !$ j8f h+unL hgfj/sf] cft+s af6 k|efljt tnsf] tflnsfnfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ ljutsf jif{x? eGbf jiff{sf lbgx? 36\b} tyf ;b}{ uPsf], hf8f]sf
ePsf j8fx? x'g . ;fy} af9L, klx/f] nufPt cGo k|sf]kx? dWo v8]/L ;j} j8fx?df k|sf]ksf] lbg 36]sf] / udL{sf lbg a9\b} uPsf] b]lvG5 . o;} u/L lxpFb] jiff{ 36]sf], v8]/Lsf] ;do klg
?kdf /x]sf] 5 eg] dxfdf/Ln] laz]ift j8f g %, ^ / !! df b'Vf lbO/x]sf] ca:yf 5 . cfunfuL ljutsf lbgx? eGbf nlDag yfn]sf] 5 . ;8s b'{36gf tyf ;k{bzsf 36gfdf a[l¢ ePsf] kfO{Psf]
klg k|fo kxf8L ;a} j8fx?df lakbsf] ?kdf kl/0ft x'g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . laleGg j8fx?df ul/Psf] 5 . ;du|df eGg'kbf{ ;Dk"0f{ df};dL kfqf]df laut eGbf clxn] lgs} kl/jt{g cfPsf] k|:6 b]lvG5 .
cWoog adf]lhd tL j8fx?sf] k|sf]k :tl/s/0f lgDg adf]lhdsf] /x]sf] kfOof] -tflnsf @_ .

10 11
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
tflnsf # M df};d tyf k|sf]k kfqf] ljZn]if0f @=# jfnL kfqf]
afnL kfqf]nfO{ lgofNbf df};d;Fu} afnLgfnLdf klg k|i6 c;/ k/]sf] b]lvG5 ;fy} v]tL ug]{ ;do /

kmfNu'0f
sflt{s
c;f]h
j}zfv

>fj0f
c;f/

d+l;/
h]i7

df3
ebf}

kf}if

r}q
qm=;++ df};d/k|sf]k cGg leqfpg] ;dodf ;d]t km/s k/]sf] 5 . wfg v]tL / sf]bf] v]tL klxn] cfiff9 klxnf] xKtfaf6}
nufOGYof] eg] clxn] cfiff9sf] dWoaf6 nufpg] ul/G5 . ds} v]tLdf eg] Jofks kl/jt{g cfPsf]
! jiff{t klxn] b]lvG5 . To:t} klxn] vfB ;+s6 sd x'GYof] clxn] a9]sf] b]lvG5 .
clxn]
tflnsf $ M jfnL kfqf] ljZn]if0f
@ hf8f] klxn] qm=

sflt{s

kmfNu'0f
c;f]h
j}zfv

>fj0f
c;f/

d+l;/
h]i7

df3
ebf}

kf}if

r}q
clxn] jfnLsf] k|sf/
;++
# lxpFb] jiff{ klxn] ! Wfg klxn]
clxn] clxn]
$ udL{ klxn] @ ds} klxn]
-tfkqmd_ clxn] clxn]
% af9L klxn] # tf]/L klxn]
clxn]
clxn]
$ ux'F klxn]
^ h+unL klxn]
clxn]
hgfj/ clxn]
cfqmd0f % bfn -d;'/f]_ klxn]
clxn]
& v8]/L klxn]
^ t/sf/L klxn]
clxn]
-xl/of] t/sf/L– clxn]
* ;8s b'3{6gf klxn] sfpnL÷;fu_
clxn] & kmnkm"n klxn]
( klx/f] klxn] clxn]
clxn] >f]t M lkmN8 ;j]{If0f tyf :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df sfo{zfnf uf]i7L, @)&#
!) ;k{b+z klxn]
clxn]

12 13
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
@=$ k|sf]k ljZn]if0f M
lautsf aif{x?sf]] k|sf]ksf] Oltxf;nfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] xfn ;Dd o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfdf af9L
klx/f]af6 slDtdf !# dflg;x?sf] d[To" eO;s]sf] 5 . ;}o'F dflg;x? 3fOt], s}o'F laufxf hUuf
hldg s6fgL, k6fgL, af6f3f6f, s"nf], k'n, aghun, laBfno cflb h:tf ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf]
Iflt, 3/kfn'jf hgfj/x? 3fOt] Pj+ d[To" cflb lgDTofO/x]sf] 5 . h+unL hgfj/sf] cfqmd0fjf6 $
hgfn] Hofg u'dfO{ ;s]sf 5g . To:t} r6\ofË jf6 # hgfsf] d[To" eO;s]sf] 5 . / s]lx j8fdf
cfunfuL / ;8s b'3{6gf jf6 ;d]t dfgjLo Iflt ePsf] 5 cfunfuLsf sf/0f d'Votof dflg;sf
3/ / ;Dkltx? k|eflat x'g] u/]sf] 5g eg] v8]/Lsf sf/0f cGgafnLdf k|ToIf c;/ u/L cGg
pTkfbgdf sld cfPsf] 5 . tnsf] tflnsfdf cfufdL lbgdf ;d]t k|sf]kn] k|efljt kfg{ ;Sg]
;Defljt gu/sf If]qx? k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf % M k|sf]kaf6 k|efj kg]{ ;Defljt If]qx?
k|sf]ksf] gfd k|sf]k jf6 k|efj kg]{ ;Defljt If]q
e'sDk • o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf leqsf hf]lvd j:tLM sLlt{k/' , ljzfn6f/, /fdjf;, d'8fjf;,
afx|sf]n, ldt'{Ë nufPtsf If]q .
• e'sDksf] hf]lvddf /x]sf ljwfno tyf ;+:yfx?df k|eft hgtf ljBfno, g]kfn
wtL{, ;/:jlt /fli6«o zf/bf, gj hfu/0f cfwf/e't ljwfno cflb .
Aff9L • pQ/ b]p;f]t vf]nf b]lv tNnf] tl6o af}nfxf vf]nfn] kf/]sf j8f g+ ^ ,!@ ,%, #,
!# j8fx? .
• /xh/ j8f g+ !^, !& sf em/fxL vf]nfaf6 afx|sf]n, uf}/Lk'/, s'nfgL, lkk|x/, s'hf}nL
x'Fb} gf/fo0fL ;Dd .
• b]jr'nL g=kf=sf] lbJok'/L emfqm], jf8{ $ b]lv ds'08] vf]nfsf] lt/ x'Fb} gf/fo0fL
lt/;Dd Iflt .
• nf]sfxf vf]nfn] jf8{ g+= !) k[YjLgu/ lt/ x'Fb} dxf/fhf dlGb/ b]lv k'n;Dd . jf8{
g+= ( 3'dfp/] b]lv k[YjLgu/ ;Dd, jf8{ g+= !% ;fn3f/L glhs tyf lk5l8Psf
d';x/ j:tL, d[t'Ë, emfqm], emx/] vf]nf glhssf j:tLx? .
• 6f]qm] gx/af6 uf]jfª l;x vfg]kfgL d"n, l;tfjf; gx/, l;tf/fd ;fd'bflos jg If]q
/ ;f] leq /x]sf] k|ultgu/ vfg]kfgL 6\ofsL, kfO{k nfO{g, b]p;f]t gx/, hgj:tL
vfg]kfgL nfO{g, d'lQmIf]q vfg]kfgL kfO{k nfO{g, u}+8Lgx/, hgj:tL gx/, v]n d}bfg,
sflnsf dlGb/ x'Fb} vf]nf 5]psf j:tLx?, /ftf] 8fF8f j]n rf}tf/L;Dd .
• jf8{ g+= !# vf]nf 5]psf j:tL ahf/, af]6]6f]n x'Fb} gf/fo0fL;Dd
• lbJok'/L jf8{ g+= % vfg]kfgL 6\of+sL, kf]v/L, v]n d}bfg, eujtL dlGb/, jf}nfxf
vf]nf k'n jf8{ g+= ! s]p/]gL gf/fo0fL;Dd .
14
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
h+unL hgfj/sf] • h+un If]q jl/k/L sf If]q h:t} ;fn3f/L, af]6]6f]n, lkk|x/, emfqm], d[t'Ë, alGbk'/,
cftË s'D;f]t, s[ltk'/, afx|sf]n .
• j8f g+=–!) sf] dxf/fhf ;fd'bflos jg / hgsNof0f ;fd'bflos jg l;dfgfaf6
af3, u}+8f, ab]n cflbåf/f 3/kfn'jf hgfjf/, afnLgfnL / dfgjLo Iflt x'g ;Sg].
• 3'dfp/] ;fd'bflos, hgr]tgf ;fd'bflos jg / gd"gf dlxnf ;fd'bflos jgaf6
lg:sg] af3, afFb/, ab]n, clh+u/ cflb h+unL hgfj/n] 3/kfn'jf hgfj/ vfO{lbg]
/ afnLgfnL gi6 ug]{ .
• Iflt kfg]{ j8f g+=–^, * / (, b]p;f]t vf]nf ;fd'bflos jg, Pstf ;fd'bflos jg / cd/
;fd'bflos jgaf6 lg:sg] h+unL hgfj/n] j8f g+= &, !@, ^ / % df c;/ kfb{5 .
• /fli6«o lgs'Gh If]qaf6 k|jz] ug]{ hgfj/x?, u}8+ f, ab]n, af3, b'D;L, do'/ cflbn] j8f
g+= !&,!^, !, !#, !$ / !% sf blIf0f j]N6 If]qx?df dfgjLo Iflt / jfnLgfnL gi6 .
klx/f] • jf8{ g+= ^ sf] sLlt{k'/, s'd;f]t, ldt'{Ë tyf gofF 5fk jf8{ !^ afx| sf]n
j]n:jf/fsf] If]q , j8f g+ % sf] jlGbk'/ If]q k|efljt .
cfunfuL • 3/, jgh+un, ljBfno, ;fj{hlgs :yn nufPt cGo h'g;'s} :yfg .
;8s b'3{6gf • o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] nf]sfxf k'nb]lv em/fxL vf]nf;Ddsf /fhdfu{ If]qdf
w]/} b'3{6gfaf6 dfgjLo Iflt . bnbn] d'08] b]lv s'd;f]t ;Dd,j/r'nL df=lj=
nufPtsf Ifq .
v8]/L • Gfu/sf ;j} j8fx?
@=$=! k|sf]kx?, sf/0f / k|efj, x'g] Iflt÷gf]S;fgL
o; gu/kflnsfsf] d'Vo k|sf]k, k|sf]ksf] k|efj / hf]lvddf /x]sf tTjx?, k|eflat x'g'sf sf/0f
;du|df lgDg adf]lhd b]vfpg ;lsG5 -tflnsf ^_ .
tflnsf ^ M k|sf]k, Iflt x'g] sf/0f / o;sf k|efj ljZn]if0f
qm;+ k|sf]k Iflt x'g] sf/0f k|efj
! e'sDk • e'sDk k|lt/f]wL ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0fdf 1fg gx'g' . • /fi6«sf] lbuf] cfly{s ;fdflhs ljsf;df c;/ kfg]{ .
• ejg lgdf{0f cfrf/;+lxtfsf] k"0f{?kdf sfo{fGjog gx'g' . • jftfj/0fLo k|b'if0f a9\g uO{ dfgj :jf:Yodf k|efj
• cfly{s cefjsf sf/0f ef}lts ;+/rgf agfpg g;Sg' . kfg]{ .
• e"ldsf] cefjsf sf/0fn] ef}lts ;+/rgf pko'Qm • /fi6«sf k'/ftflTjs ;+/rgfsf] Iflt eO{ /fi6«sf]
lsl;dsf] agfpg g;Sg' h:t} ^ w'/ hldg ePsf klxrfgdf g} c;/ kg]{ .
:yfgdf 3/sf] em\ofn, 9f]sf /fVgsf nflu vfnL 7fpF • /fi6«df clgsfn tyf dxfdf/L km}ng] -h:tf] kxf8df
/fVg g;Sg' . klx/f] uO{{ pe{/fe"dL s6fg x'Fbf ls;fg clgsfnsf]
• ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ubf{ ld>0f k|lqmof pko'Qm gx'g' . rk]6fdf kg{ ;Sg] .
15
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
@ Jff9L ÷ c;'/lIft tyf cAojl:yt tl/sfn] vf]nfgfnfsf] lt/df
• • ;fdfGo jiff{tsf] ;dodf ;d]t hgwgsf] 7'nf] Iflt
klx/f] a;f]af; tyf v]ltkflt ugf{n] .
• le/fnf] kfgL s6fg gePsf] 7fpFdf a;f]af; ugf{n] .
• vf]nf 5]pdf j[Iff/f]k0f tyf t6aGwg gu{gfn] .
• cJojl:yt l;+rfO{, gx/ / afFw lgdf{0f ePsf] sf/0fn] .
• vf]nfsf] lsgf/faf6 af6f] 3f6f] lgsf;L ePsf] sf/0fn] .
• clgolGqt 9ª\un] 9'Ëf, lu6L, afn'jf lgsf;L ugf{n] .
• vf]nfsf] 5]p5fpdf af]6 lj?jf km8fgL ugf{n] .
• vf]nfsf] lsgf/fdf clgolGqt ?kdf hldg pTvgg\
ug'{ .
• vf]nf gbL eGbf le/fnf] :yfgdf j:tL x'g' .
• a9L dfqfdf jiff{ x'g', vf]l/of km8fgL a9L x'g' .
• cAojl:yt gfln lgdf{0f ug'{ .
• af9Lsf] k"j{ ;"rgfsf] hfgsf/L gx'g' .
# cfun- • afnaflnsfn] e]6\g] 7fpFdf cfunfuLhGo j:t' h:t}
fuL ;nfO{, nfO{6/, Uof;r'nf], dl§t]n cflb /fVg' .
• 3fF;, bfp/f ug{ hfg] JolQmx?n] r'/f]6, lj8Lsf 7'6f
glgefO{sg hyfefjL kmfNgfn] .
• 89]nf] nufpFbf /fd|f] 3fF; pTkfbg -knfpg]_ eGg]
;f]rfO{n] .
• glhsdf kfgLsf ;|f]t tyf bdsnsf] Joj:yf gx'g' .
• 89]nf] nfUbf jl/k/Lsf] tfkqmd a9L x'g] x'Fbf l56f]
lgoGq0fdf lng g;Sg' .
• ;fF3'/f] af6f]sf] sf/0f bdsn k'¥ofpg g;Sbf Iflt
x'g] .
$ v8]/L • kfgLsf] d'xfg ;'Sg' .
• cgfj[i6L tyf cNkj[i6L, jiff{tsf] sdL .
• tfkqmd a[l¢ x'g' .
• l;~rfO{sf] Joj:yf gx'g' .
• v8]/Ldf klg pTkfbg x'g] ljpljhg gx'g'
• nfdv'§]sf] j[l4 x'g' .
16
x'g] .
• Vff]nf gbL ulxl/b} hfgfn] ef}lts ;+/rgf k'n jf6f],
s'nf] cflb elTsg] .
• k|fs[lts ljklQsf] ;dodf oyf;So l56f] pBf/
tyf /fxt ljt/0f ug{ ;d:of x'g ;Sg] .
• v]ltof]Uo hldg k'l/g uO{ pTkfbg 36\g ;S5
h;sf sf/0f ef]sd/L nfUg ;Sg] jf s[lif k]zf
5f]8L cGo k]zf cFufNg jfWo x'g' kg]{ .
• 3/uf]7 hNg ;Sg], hgwgsf] Iflt x'g],
• afnaflnsf tyf czQm JolQmnfO{ k|ToIf k|efj
kg{ ;S5 .
• af]6lj?jf tyf jGohGt' 89]/ gi6 x'g] .
• e"–Ifosf] hf]lvd j9\g ;Sg] 89]nf] km}ng ;Sg] .
• h}ljs ljljwtfsf] x|f;, jGohGt' nf]k x'g],
ldrfxf k|hfltsf jg:klt l56f] km}nfj6 x'g]
• cfunfuL dfkm{t Iflt kZrft\ ljkb\ Joj:yfkg
cf>o :ynsf] plrt Joj:yf gx'Fbf /f]ux?sf]
k|sf]k a9\g ;Sg] .
• s[lif pTkfbgdf sld cfpg] .
• d"No j[l4 -ljz]if u/L vfBfGgdf_
• ef]sd/L tyf s'kf]if0f x'g ;Sg] .
• /f]usf] ;+qmd0f x'g] -emf8f, jfGtf, kvfnf_
• cfuf]nfuLsf] hf]lvd x'g] .
• kz'k+IfL / jGohGt'sf] jf;:yfgdf k|efj cflb .
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
% ;8s • cg'ejL rfns gx'g', bIf gx'g' . • 3fO{t] tyf d[To' x'g' .
b'3{6gf • ;jf/L cg'dlt kq k|fKt gu/L nfk{jfxL rnfpg' . • ef}lts, zfl//Ls / dfgl;s Iflt x'g' .
• w'd|kfg, dWokfg tyf nfu' kbfy{ k|of]u u/L ;jf/L • ;+/rgfx?sf] Iflt x'g' .
rnfpg' . • cËeË x'g' .
• k|ofKt dfqfdf 6«flkms l;Ugn / 6«flkms k|x/L gx'g' . • hgwgsf] Iflt x'g' .
• ;8s km/flsnf] gx'g' .
• ;8s vfN8fv'N8L x'g'
• dflg;sf] rfk a9L x'g' .
• kof{Kt dfqfdf h]a|f qml;Ë gx'g' .
• rfns / ofq'nfO{ 6«flkms lgod / ;8s b'3{6gf af/]
hgr]tgf gx'g' .
• Ifdtf eGbf a9L ofq' / dfn;fdfg af]Sg' .
• k'/fgf–k'/fgf lju|]sf ;jf/L ;fwg rnfpg' cflb
@=% j8f tyf al:tsf] ;ª\s6f;Ggtf laZn]if0f M
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf !& j6} a8fx?sf laleGg 7fpx?df laZn]if0f ul/P adf]lhd laif]zt e'sDk,
af9L, klx/f], h+unL hgfj/ cft+s, v8]/L, cfunfuL, dxfdf/L, ;8s b'3{6gf / r6\ofª k|sf]kx?n]
o; gu/kflnsfnfO{ k|efj u/]sf] kfOG5 . oBlk laleGg lsl;dsf k|sf]kx?jf6 dflg;x? s]lx g
s]lx ?kdf k|eflat eO/x]sf 5g . e'sDksf sf/0f u|fdL0f jl:tx?, ljwfno, ;fd'bfoLs ejg /
cGo If]q ;d]t k|efljt ePsf 5g . af9L / klx/f]sf sf/0f dflg;x?, hUuf hldg, 3/, kz'klIf,
agh+un / ;d'bfodf /x]sf ef}lts ;+/rgfx? k|eflat eO/x]sf] kfOG5 . ;fy} v8]/Ln] d'Votof
s[lif / kz'kfngdf k|ToIf c;/ u/]sf] 5 . cfunfuLaf6 dflg;x?, 3/, kz'k+lIf / aghu+n
;+s6f;Gg /x]sf 5g . ;fy} vfg]kfgLsf ;|f]tx? k|b'lit x'g] / cem}kgL v'nf ?kdf lbzf lk;fj
ug]]{ ubf{ o; gu/sf laleGg ;d'bfox?sf dflg;x? k|ToIf ?kdf dfxfdf/Lsf] rk]6fdf kg{ ;Sg]
;Defjgf 5 . o;/L a9bf] k|sf]ksf] :t/n] cufld lbgx?df of] gu/kflnsfsf laleGg 7fpFx?df
k|eflat t'Nofpb} hfg] :yLlt b]lvG5 . ;fy} gofF vf]lnPsf jf6f] 3f6f]x?sf sf/0f klx/f] hfg]], e"Ifo
x'g] ;d:of j8\b} uPsf 5g .
o; gu/kflnsfdf ;j} j8fx?df clt ljkGg / ljkGGf kl/jf/ /x]tfklg j8f g+ $, %, ^, @, !^,
!% nufPt :yfgsf clwsf+z kl/jf/x? lakGg au{sf /x]sf 5g . eg] ;DkGg kl/jf/sf] ;Vof
Go"g /x]sf] kfOG5 . ltgLx?sf] ul/jL klg ;+s6f;Ggtfsf] Pp6f d'Vo sf/0f xf] . gu/kflnsfsf]
;DkGgtf :tl/s/0f lgDg adf]lhd b]lvG5 . o;/L pgLx?df AofKt ;+s6f;Ggtfn] pgLx?nfO{
lakbsf] ;fdgf k|efjsf/L ?kdf ug{ c;{dy t'NofO/x]sf] l:ylt 5 .
17
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
 18
3
1

6
2

7
5

9
8
4

13
11
12

15
10

14
j8f g+=

3
16

37
51

19
19

10
18
34

46

49
190
185
100
clt u/La
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

65

19

50
58

74
98
80
133

167

125
129

155
252

174
299
u/La

gf]S;fgL / ;dflhs k|efjnfO{ lnOPsf] lyof] .

j8f cg';f/ ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0f

73

169

512
553
433

314
201
168

107

412
108

289

459

400
449
dWod

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
8
10
10
10

97
24
pRr
ljj/0f -3/w'/L ;+Vof_
tflnsf & M j8f cg';f/sf] ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0f ljj/0f

dflg;x? Pj+ ef}lts ;+/rgfx? k|ToIf ?kdf lakb hf]lvdsf] rk]6fdf k/]sf 5g\ .
631
536

635
325

573
607

607
309
309

460
585
585

441
459

288
hDdf s}lkmot

:tl/s/0fnfO{ x]bf{ ;a} eGbf qmdzM a9L ;+s6f;Gg j8fx? %, ^, $, !@, !#, !^, !&, !%, !)
/ j8fx?df /x]sf ckfËtf ePsf AolQmx? tyf afnaflnsfx? g} ;+s6f;Gg /x]sf 5g . af9L,

laleGg j8fx?sf] ;+s6f;Ggtf / Ifdtf laZn]if0faf6 cfPsf] b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf laleGg j8fx?sf]

/x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] ;a} eGbf sd ;+s6f;Gg j8fx? !!, !$ nufPtsf b]lvG5g . o;/L j8fx?sf]

ePsf] dfgjLo If]tL k|efljt kl/jf/, If]ltu|:t 3/, v]tLkftLsf] gf]S;fgL, v]tLof]Uo hldgsf]
;+s6f;Gg laZn]if0fsf nflu laleGg ;"rsx?nfO{ cfwf/ dflgPsf] lyof] . tL ;"rsx?df lakbaf6
efUoafbL ;f]rfO, lakb hf]lvd Aoa:yfkg ;Fu ;DalGwt ;~hfn jf ;d"xsf] sdL, kxnx?sf]
sdL, ef}lts k"jf{wf/x? Go"g /x]sf] ca:yf, k"j{ ;"rgf k|0ffnL gePsf] cflbsf sf/0fn] ubf{ Toxfsf
>f]t M b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] ;DkGgtf :t/Ls/0f ;j]{If0f, @)&@

sdL / laleGg lgsfox?af6 ;xof]usf] sdL, k"j{tof/L lqmofsnfk;Fu ;DalGwt 1fg lzksf] sdL,
o;/L lakbn] t'NofPsf] lakGgtfaf6 ;d'bfosf] k'?if ;b:ox? sfdsf nflu cGoq knfPg x'g]

klx/f] lgoGq0fsf cfaZos k"jf{wf/x?sf] sdL, laleGg ;/f]sf/jfnfx? ;Fusf] ;d'bfosf] kFx'rdf

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
Tflnsf M * Jf8f cg';f/ ;+s6f;Ggtf ljZn]if0f
  dfgjLo If]tL k|efljt kl/jf/ If]tLu|:t 3/ v]ltkfltsf] gf]S;fgL v]ltof]Uo hldg s6fg ;fdflhs k|efj
s/0f jlu{s/0f I]ftLsf] jlu{s/0f I]ftLsf] jlu{s/0f jlu{s/0f I]ftLsf] jlu{s/0f
j8f I]ftLsf] c+sef/ jlu{
g+ ;"rs dfkg Ifltsf] ;"rs c+sef/ dfkg ;"rs c+sef/ dfkg ;"rs c+sef/ dfkg I]ftLsf] ;"rs c+sef/ dfkg ;"rs c+sef/ dfkg
ef/ ef/ ef/ ef/ ef/ ef/
0-1 Hfgf 0=0417 %) / ;f] eGbf 0.025 % ljufxf 0.025 % ljufxf 0.025 dflg; 0.025
sd kl/jf/ ;Dd ;Dd x/fodf
%! b]lv !)) j8fsf]
) ‐ % 3/ 0.025

2 - 3 0.0833
hgf kl/jf/ 0.05 ljufxf 0.5 ljufxf 0.5 dlxnf lx+;f 0.5 s'n hDdf ;+s6f;Ggtfsf]
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:t/
% ‐ !) % ‐ !)

25 15 15 15 15
^ ‐ !% 3/ 0.5

  4-5 0.125 b]lv #)) 0.075 k|ltzt

k|ltzt !)!kl/jf/ 0.075 k|ltzt n'6/kf6cGolx+;f 0.075 k|ltzt
hgf 3/ ljufxf 0.075 k|ltzt ljufxf
!^ ‐ %) 0.075 k|ltzt
15 !) ‐ @) !) ‐ @)

6 hgf @) ;fd'bflos
eGbf 0.25 #)! Kl/jf/ 0.099 %) eGbf 0.099 ljufxf 0.99 @) ljufxf ;+:yf 0.99
dfly eGbf dfly j9L 3/ eGbf eGbf dfly 0.99 lgl:qmo
dfly
1 0.021 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.040 cf7f}F
2 0.010 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.029 bzf}F
3 0.010 0.004 0.004 0.011 0.004 0.004 0.037 gjf} -3_
4 0.010 0.008 0.149 0.008 0.008 0.004 0.185 t[lto
5 0.021 0.011 0.149 0.011 0.011 0.004 0.207 k|yd
6 0.021 0.008 0.149 0.008 0.008 0.004 0.196 lblto
7 0.010 0.004 0.011 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.037 gjf}F - s_
8 0.010 0.004 0.011 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.037 gjf}F - v _
9 0.010 0.004 0.011 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.037 gjf}F - u _
10 0.021 0.008 0.004 0.008 0.008 0.004 0.051 ;ftf}F
11 0.000 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.019 P3f/f} -s_
12 0.010 0.004 0.075 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.100 rf}yf]
13 0.021 0.011 0.015 0.011 0.011 0.004 0.073 kfFrf} - s_
14 0.000 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.019 P3f/f} -v_
15 0.010 0.008 0.015 0.008 0.008 0.004 0.052 5}6f}F
16 0.021 0.011 0.015 0.011 0.011 0.004 0.073 kfFrf} - v_
17 0.021 0.011 0.015 0.011 0.011 0.004 0.073 kfFrf} - u_
19

>f]t M lkmN8 ;j]{If0f tyf :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df sfo{zfnf @)&$
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

@=^ gu/kflnsfsf] Ifdtf ljZn]if0f M tflnsf (M ljleGg ;|f]tx?sf] cj:yf tyf gu/kflnsfsf] Ifdtf ljZn]if0f
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsdf e}lts, dfgjLo, ;fdflhs, cfly{s / k|fs[lts ;|f]tx? /x]sf 5g . o:tf ef}lts ;|f]t cfly{s ;|f]t dfgjLo ;|f]t
;|f]tx? o; gu/kflnsfsf] Ifdtfx? x'g h;sf] plrt kl/rfng / k|of]un] ;du| gu/kflnsfsf] af6f] • gub, u/uxgf • bIf k|fljlws
• nf]sfxf vf]nfaf6 em/fxL vf]nf;Dd • hflu/ -rf}w/L pBf]u_ hgzlQm h:t} 8fS6/,
lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fdf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng ;Sg] b]lvG5 . oxFfsf j8fx?df /xsf] k'n ;8s, lkr -xfO{j]_ • em/fxL vf]nf / af}nfxf OlGhlgo/, g;{, lzIfs,
ljBfno ejg, ;fj{hflgs ejg, vfg]kfgL ljt/0f wf/f, d7 dlGb/, ;~rf/sf ;fwgx?, cflb h:tf • b]jr'nL g=kf df !% j6f lkr af6f] vf]nfaf6 lu6L, afn'jf, sd{rf/L cflb .
ef}lts ;|f]tx? x'g . cfly{s ;|f]tsf] ?kdf /x]sf] Aofkf/ Aoa;fo, art ;d"xx?, kz'kfng, s[lif{ • u|fj]n af6f] @% j6f 9'Ëf lgsf;L • o; b]jr'nL g=kf=leq
• sRrL af6f] @) j6f
cflb /x]sf 5g . dfgjLo ;|f]tdf lzIfs, sd{rf/Lx?, l;s{ld, 8sdL{ cflb / 6f]n ;'wf/ ;+:yf, • jg k}bfj/af6 cfDbfgL /x]sf af}l4s ;d'bfo
ljBfno • demf}nf snsf/vfgfaf6 / /fhg}lts bn,
dlxnf÷cfdf ;d"x, o'jf Snj h:tf ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfx? Pj+ k|s[lts ;|f]tsf] ?kdf v]tLof]Uo • pRr df=lj= % j6f
• qm;/ pBf]uaf6 ;fdflhs ;+3;+:yfx?
e"ld, agh+un, kf]v/L, tfn tn}of k|fs[lts wf/f jf d"n gbLgfnf tfn kf]v/L cflb /x]sf 5g . • df=lj= % j6f
• Jokf/, Joj;flosaf6 ;fy} • l;sdL{, 8sdL{
oBlk oL ;|f]tx? ;a} a8fx?df ?kdf k|ofKt ?kdf g/x]sf] ePtfklg ePsf hltsf] plrt kl/rfng • lg=df=lj= % j6f
• k|f=lj= !& j6f
lwtf]–d"NofÍg, w'/Ls/
ubf{ s]lx g s]lx ?kdf uf=la=;sf] lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fdf 6]jf k'/ofpg] lglZrt 5 . • P]nfgL k|lt hUuf d'Nof+sg • cfunflu lgefpg ;Sg]
dlGb/
gu/kflnsf If]q leq / aflx/ u/]/ ;d'bfonfO{ k|ToIf ;f/f]sf/ /fVg] laleGg ;:yfx? /x]sf 5g\ • b]jr'nL g=kf=leq /x]sf d7dlGb/ • ;jf/L s/ –!))
h;df s'g} ;+3 ;:yfx?;Fu ;d'bfosf] bf]xf]/f] ;DaGw /lx ;xof]ux? ;d]t h'6fPsf 5g eg] s]lx hDdf #) j6f, • ;fljs uflj;df sf]if • ;f=j=
;+u Psf]xf]/f] ;DaGw dfq /x]sf] 5 . oL ;+3 ;:yfx? ;+u ;d'bfosf] ;DaGw cem la:tf/ ePdf • rr{ % j6f ePsf] – /hx/–*
;d'bfosf] nflu lakb hf]lvd Go"lg/s0fdf k|ToIf e"ldsf v]Ng ;Qm5g . ;d'bfox?df /x]sf ;d'bfo xl:k6n • g=kf=df /fxt ljt/0f – lbJok'/L–@
• b]jr'nL c:ktfn, k|ultgu/, b]jr'nL, sf]if–@ nfv – k|ultgu/–@
:tl/o ;ldltx? klg hf]lvd sd ug{] Pp6f dxTjk"0f{ dfWod x'g ;Qm5 .
b'Dsf}nL, /hx/ :j:Yo s]Gb|, cf}ifwL – b]jr'nL–&
;d'bfon] :yflgo :t/df ;d]t lakbsf] k|efjnfO{ sd ug{sf nflu laleGg ;dodf k"j{tof/Lsf k;n cflb • kf}8L v]Ng ;Sg] –\#(
lqmofsnfkx? ub}{ cfO/x]sf 5g . o;/L ;d'bfodf lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf nflu AofKt l/ltl/jfh • rf}w/L pBf]u u|fd, cGo pBf]ux? hgf
rfnrng klg ;d'bfosf] /fd|f] ;|f]tsf] ?kdf lng ;lsG5 h;nfO{ ;d'bfon] Aoal:yt u/]df • h];LjL, l6k/–g=kf=, bdsn–sfjf;f]tL
• k|fylds pkrf/–^
PDa'n]G;
gu/sf] ;du|sf] lakb hf]lvd sd x'g] lglZrt k|fo 5 . lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf nflu ;d'bfon] • /hx/ $ j6f, b]jr'nL @ j6f,
hgf
ckgfO/x]sf] :yflgo 1fg, lzk / k|lalw tyf gu/kflnsfdf pknAw ;|f]t ;fwgx?nfO{ lgDg • l;sdL{
k|ultgu/ @ j6f
tflnsfdf b]vfpg ;lsG5 . gu/kflnsfsf j8fx?df u7g ul/Psf ;fd'bfoLs lakb Aoa:yfkg • ;ef xfp;–!, b]jr'nL %)–&) hgf • 8sdL{
• sLlt{k'/df ;fd'bflos ejg–! • e"sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/–!%
;ldltx? / tL j8fdf laleGg If]qdf tflnd k|fKt hgzlQm hf]lvd sd ug{df ;lqmo e"ldsf
• /]:So" ;fdfu|L sLlt{k'/
v]ln/x]sf 5g\ . – nfO{km Hofs]6–@ yfg, Pk|f]g–cfuf]n] • k"j{ ;"rgf k|0ffnL
g5'g], & yfg @ j8f df]6/af]6 • vf]h tyf p4f/
– 8'Ëf–! -dWojtL{ ;f=j=_
– /]:So"sf] nflu ! xfQL /x]sf]
• qm;/ pBf]udf–$
• v'Nnf If]q !–!& j8fsf]
v'Nnf If]q, kfs{, jfnpBfg –!@ j6f
* j6f kf]v/L
>f]t M :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df sfo{zfnf uf]i7L, @)&$
20 21
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

@=& k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ ;+:yf lgsfo @=* hf]lvd klxrfg tyf ljZn]if0f M
o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfdf k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f / hLljsf]kfh{gsf If]qdf tklzndf pNn]v o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf nfO{ laleGg lsl;dsf k|sf]kx?n] k|eflat ub}{ cfO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . af9L,
ul/Psf ;/sf/L tyf u}x|;/sf/L lgsfox? Tfyf ;fdflhs ;+3 ;+:yfx? /x]sf 5g . h:t} k'g{lgdf{0f kflx/f], h+uln hgfj/ cft+s, v8]/L, cfunfuL cflbn] o; gu/kflnsf nfO{ aif]{lg s'g} g s'g} ?kdf
k|flws/0f, b]j3f6 hndfkg s]Gb|, hgtfsf] t6aGw sfo{qmd, e"ldut l;+rfO{, a'6jn, 6«flkms, ahf/ k|eflat ug]{ u/]sf]] ca:yf 5 . gu/kflnsfsf laleGg j8fx?sf laBdfg k|sf]kx? lakbdf kl/0ft
Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, oftfoft Joj:yf sfof{no cflb . eO lautsf lbgx?df hgwgsf] Iflt, v]tLsf] s6fgL / k6fgL, agh+un v]t nufPt ef}lts
tflnsf !) M k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf] If]qdf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfdf sfd ug]{ ;+:yfx? k"jf{wf/x?df k|ToIf k|efj, l{hlasf]kfh{gsf] Pp6f d'Vo ;|f]tdf /x]sf] s[lif tyf kz'k+lIfx?sf] Iflt
;+:yfsf] gfd sfd÷;xof]u cflb eO{/x]sf] 5 . o;sf] kmn:j?k w]/} dflg;x?sf] cfly{s l:ylt sdhf]/ x'g uO gu/sf k'?if
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf of]hgf th'{df, ah]6 ljlgof]hg ;dGjo hgzlQmx? k]zf kl/j{tg u/L Hofnfdhb'/L ul/ cfkmgf] 3/sf] lhlasf]kfh{gdf ;xof]u ug{ afWo
k|x/L sfof{no÷;z:q k|x/L÷g]kfnL ;]gf ;r]tgf, p4f/ tyf vf]h 5g . ;fy} aghu+n h:tf] k"jf{wf/sf] Ifltsf sf/0f k|sf]ksf] :t/ emg a9L /x]sf] ca:yf 5 .
laleGg k|sf]kx?sf] rk]6fdf ;Dk"{0f dflg;x? /xg] u/]sf] ePtfklg ;d'bfodf /x]sf dlxnf, af-
b}lj k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldlt /fxt ;fdfu|L ljt/0f, k'gj{ f;sf] Joj:yfkg
nafnLsf tyf ckf+utf ePsf AolQmx? Af9L ;+s6f;Gg 5g . ;fy} ;d'bfosf agh+un, laBfno,
/]8qm; -/hx/ zfvf_ ;r]tgf, /fxt ljt/0f, PDa'n]G; ;]jf=====
v]t / afnL nufPt cGo ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?, kz'k+lIfx?, 3/x? cflb klg oL k|sf]kx?sf] rk]6fdf
dWojtL{÷;fd'bflos jg÷vfg]kfgL k|fs[lts ;+/If0f, ;r]tgf, j[Iff/f]k0f kl//x]sf 5g . d'Votof k|sf]k k"j{tof/Lsf] af/]df hgr]tgfsf sld, ufpsf k'?if dflg;x? k|fo
lzIf0f ;+:yfx? ;r]tgf, p4f/, :yfgsf] pknAwtf sfdsf nflu cGo lt/ knfPg x'g] k|a[lt, lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf laleGg ef}lts k"jf{wf/x?sf]
:jf:Yo ;+:yfx? pkrf/, cf}ifwLsf] Joj:yfkg, ;r]tgf, sld, lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf ;d'bfo :t/df k|of;df sld, ;/sf/L Pj+ u}/ ;/sf/L lgsfox?af6
PDa'n]G; ;]jf ;xof]udf sld, ;'/lIft cf>o :yn gx'g' cflb /x]sf 5g . ;fy} j8fx?df /x]sf] k|fo 3/x?sf]
l;~rfO{÷hn pTkGg k|sf]k l8=sfof{no÷e" ;+/If0f tf/hfnL pknAwtf, e";+/If0f slRr agfj6n] ubf{ dflg; 3/ Pj ;Dkltx? ;d]t ;+s6f;Gg 5g . o;sf ;fy} k|fo ;a} j8fx?df
lhNnf ljsf;÷;dGjo ;ldlt ;dGjo ;Dks{ ;'/lIft jf lakbn] k|efj ul/xfn] eg] la:yflktsf nflu a:g] 7fpsf] cefj b]lvG5 . ;fy} gu/df
6f]n ljsf; ;+:yf÷cfdf ;d"x÷o'jf Snj÷afn ;d"x ;r]tgf p4f/, cfly{s, ef}lts ;xof]u laleGg lasf; lgdf{0fsf lqmofsnfkx?df, laz]if ul/ ;8s lgdf{0f, lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fnfO{
Tolt Wofg gk'/ofpbf lasf;n] cem lakb lgDTofO/x]sf] ca:yf 5 . lakb k|eflat ;d'bfox?df
;+:yfx? SoirIM/Sahamati ;r]tgf, k|fljlws ;xof]u
lakb hf]lvd Go"g ug{sf nflu plrt ;+oGqsf] cefj b]lvG5 .
pBf]u jfl0fHo÷ahf/ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt Jofkfl/s cfly{s, ef}lts ;xof]u lautsf lbgx?eGbf clxn] cfP/ df};ddf ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f ;d'bfodf v]tLug]{ ;do / k|sf]k
k|lti7fg lakbdf kl/0ft x'g] ;do / o;sf] :t/df ;d]t kl/jt{g cfO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . cg'dfg ug{ g;lsg]
;~rf/ dfWod Happy F.M /b]jr'nL÷d's'Gb;]g Rofgn ;"rgf ;+k|]if0f, ;r]tgf df};dsf sf/0f gu/kflnsfdf v8]/Lsf 36gfx? a9L/x]sf] 5 eg] v8]/Lsf sf/0f afnLgfnL ;vfk
a}+s tyf ;xsf/L ;d"xx? cfly{s ;xof]u x'g] :yLlt cfO kl/jf/x?sf] lhlasf]kfh{gdf gfsf/fTds k|efj kl//x]sf]] 5 .
cGt/f{li6«o bft[lgsfo -Unicef_, cS;kmfd, ;r]tgf, cfly{s ;xof]u b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] Ifdtf / ;+s6f;Ggtf laZn]if0fsf] cfwf/df o; gu/sf] ;du| lakb hf]lvd
Go"lgs/0fsf nflu ef}lts, ;fdflhs / wf/0ffut Ifdtf clea[l2 ug{ cfaZos 5 .
k|flS6snPS;g, s[lif ;]jf s]Gb|, kz' ;]jf s]Gb|
tn pNn]lvt a'bfFx?nfO{ ;d]t dgg u/L gu/kflnsf / ;d'bfon] lglZrt of]hgf jgfPdf hf]lvd
>f]t M :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df sfo{zfnf uf]i7L, @)&$
sd ug{ ;xh x'g ;Qm5 .
s_ ljkb k|eflat ;d'bfox?nfO{ lakb k"j{tof/Lsf] dxTjsf af/]df ;r]t u/fO{ ef}lts ;+/rgfdf
dfq geO{ lakb cfpg' k"j{ ug'{kg]{ cGo k"j{tof/Lsf] af/]df hfgsf/L u/fpg] .
22 23
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
v_ gu/kflnsfdf laleGg gbL÷vf]nf k|0ffnL /x]sf] / gbLsf] dflyNnf] efu / ;d'bfo ;d]tdf @=( lhNnf :t/Lo hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] tYof+s ljZn]if0f
;r]tgf / k"j{ ;"rgf k|0ffnLsf] :yfkgf kxn ug{ cfjZos 5 . o;f] ubf{ ;d'bfo ;dod} k|sf]k hf]lvdsf b[li6sf]0fn] x]bf{ g]kfnsf] t/fO{ e"efudf /x]sf lhNnfx? cToGt} hf]lvddf /x]sf 5g\,
;';"lrt x'g uO{ ljkb hf]lvd sd x'G5 . o;df gjnk/f;L lhNnf klg kb{5 . g]kfn ;/sf/ jftfj/0f, lj1fg tyf k|ljlw dGqfno -tfTsflng
u_ b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf v'Nnf lbzf d'Qm 3f]if0ff eO{;s]tf klg kxf8L tyf lk5l8Psf] jl:tdf jftfjf/0f dGqfno_ n] u/]sf] hnjfo' kl/jt{g ;+s6f;Gg gSzf°g k|ltj]bgdf pNn]lvt O{08]S;sf]
cem} v'nf lb;f lk;fasf] rng /x]sf] / o;n] dxfdf/Lsf] ;Defjgf ;d]t /x]sf]n] o;sf] lj?4 cfwf/df of] lhNnf dWod hf]lvdsf] cj:yfdf -)=#%^–)=^)), Moderate Rank_ ;'lrs[t 5 .
hgr]tgf clej[l4 tyf Post ODF sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ h?/L b]lvG5 . ;f]xL k|ltj]bgsf] cfwf/df o; lhNnfsf] cf}ift aflif{s tfkqmd a[l4 )=)! l8u|L ;]N;Lo; tyf cf}ift
3_ gu/kflnsfn] ;du| ljkb Aoa:yfkgsf nflu lglZrt of]hgf agfO{ ;f]lx c'g?k sfo{qmdx? aflif{s aiff{ *=$$ ldlnld6/ /x]sf] 5 eg] af9Lsf] k|efj;+u cg's"ng x'gsf] nflu ljkb hf]lvd
;~rfng ug{ / Nofpg kxn ug'{ kb{5 . o;f] ubf{ of]hgf ul/Psf ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf Joj:yfkg tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{g of]hgf th{'df ul/ sfof{Gjogsfnflu o; lhNnfnfO{ bf];|f] bhf{df
lqmofsnfkx?nfO{ gu/kflnsfsf] ljsf; sfo{qmddf ;d]t ;dfj]; ug{ cfjZos b]lvG5 . /fvL ;kmfl/; ul/Psf] 5 . o; gu/kflnsfsf] glhs /x]sf] lrtjg lhNnf l:yt /fdk'/df /x]sf]
ª_ klx/f] k|eflat 7fpx?df Toxfsf] klx/f]sf] k|sl[ tsf] cWoog u/L klx/f] lgoGq0fsf lqmofsnfkx¿ hn tyf df};d lj1fg dxfzfvfsf] dfkg s]Gb|af6 dfkg ul/Psf] tfkqmd / aiff{sf] ljut #! jif{sf]
/ af9L k|efljt If]qdf af9L lgoGq0fsf lqmofsnfkx? ;~rfng ug'{ lgs} dxTjk"0f{ 5 . pknAw tYofÍnfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ tn u|fkm jf lrq adf]lhdsf] glthf b]lvPsf] 5 .
r_ vfg]kfgLsf] d'xfg ;+/If0f tyf z'l¢s/0f u/L :jR5 lkpg] kfgLsf] Aoa:yf ug{'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
5_ gu/kflnsf / ;d'bfon] ;d]t ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg;Fu ;DalGwt :yfgLo / lhNnf l:yt lrq ! M b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]lv glhssf] b'/Ldf /x]sf] /fdk'/ lrtjgsf] ljut
sfof{nox?;+usf] kx'r a8fO{ lakbsf] hf]lvd sd ug{ cfaZso ;xof]u h'6fpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . jif{x?sf] tfkqmd / jiff{sf] tYofÍ ljZn]if0f
h_ gu/kflnsfn] ;'/Iff lgsfo / g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO6L;Fu ;dGjo u/L ljkbsf] ;dodf k|efjsf/L
k|ltsfo{sf nflu ;f] ;DalGw laleGg ;fdfu|Lx?sf] hf]xf] ug'{ cfjZos b]lvG5 .
em_ o; b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf lgs}} 7"nf] /x]sf] / gu/df lakbsf] ;dodf u}x| vfB / vfB ;fdu|Lx¿sf]
hf]xf] u/L /fVgsf nflu 7fpFsf] ;d]t cefj /x]sf]n] gu/ If]qdf uf]bfd lgdf{0fsf] cfaZostf b]lvG5 .
`_ ljkbsf] ;dodf dflg;x?sf] :jfYo rf}ls ;+:yf kxF'r g/xg] xF'bf ;f] ;dodf plrt pkrf/sf
nflu ;d'bfod} j}slNks pkfosf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .
6_ v8]/Ln] dflg;x¿sf] cfo cfh{gdf lgs} g} gsf/fTds k|efj kl//x]sf]n] laleGg 7fpx?df
l;+rfO Aoa:yf nufot ls;fgx?nfO{ a}slNks v]tL k|0ffnLsf] nflu cled'lvs/0f u/L To:tf
v]tLx?nfO{ a9fjf lbg' kg]{ x'G5 .
7_ ;d'bfodf x'/Latf;, cfunfuL, l;tnx/ h:tf k|sf]kx?af6 ;r]tgfsf nflu laleGg lsl;dsf >f]t M :yfgLo clwstd tfkqmdsf] cj:yf -glhsdf kg]{ >f]tM :yfgLo Go"gtd tfkqmdsf] cj:yf -glhsdf kg]{
hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmdx? cufl8 a9fpg' kg]{ b]lvG5 . /fdk'/, lrtjgdf /x]sf] hn tyf df};d lj1fg dxfzfvfsf] /fdk'/, lrtjgdf /x]sf] hn tyf df};d lj1fg dxfzfvfsf]
dfkg s]Gb|af6 dfkg ul/Psf] tYofÍnfO{ ljZn]if0f cg';f/_ dfkg s]Gb|af6 dfkg ul/Psf] tYofÍnfO{ ljZn]if0f cg';f/_
8_ ljsf; / ljkb sf] cGt/;DaGw nfO{ cfwf/ dfgL jftfj/0f Joj:yfkg of]hgf lgdf{0f ug{
cfjZos b]lvG5 .
9_ gu/kflnsfdf /x]sf lawfnox? / k|sf]k k|eflat If]qsf o"jfx?nfO{ lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f
tyf ;+/If0f ;DalGw +cled'lvs/0f k|bfg ul/ ;f] s'/f km}nfpg kl/rfng ug'{kg]{ x'G5 .

24 25
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

v08 – # M ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

#=! ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f / k"j{tof/L of]hgf
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkgsf sfo{qmdnfO{ d"ne"t ¿kdf dfgj ;+;fwg tyf ;+:yfut ljsf; of]hgf, ef}lts k"jf{wf/
ljsf;, k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;+/If0f, hLljsf]kfhgdf ;'wf/, gLltut If]qdf ug'{ kg]{ sfo{x¿ tyf ljsf; sfo{df ljkb\
hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf ljlwsf] d"nk|jfxLs/0f ug]{h:tf k|d'v lqmofsnfknfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ :yfgLo ;d:of ;dfwfg
ug]{ lqmofsnfknfO{ lgDgadf]lhsf] 9fFrfdf k|fyldsLs/0f ul/Psf] 5 .
ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg tyf hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf c;/x¿sf] ;fdgf u/L kl/jlt{t ;xh hLjgofkg
ug{ ;Sg] cj:yfsf] ;[hgf ug]{ k|lqmof :yfgLo kl/l:ylt cg';f/ cNksfnLg / bL3{sfnLg cg'sn " gsf
/0fgLltx¿sf] cjnDjg ug{ ;lsG5 . o; /0flgtL tyf pkfox? cjnDjg u/L gu/kflnsfn] tof/
u/]sf] ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf ;j} ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xof]udf ;DkGg ul/g]5 .
tflnsf !! M:yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f cEof; tyf ug{ ;lsg] k|of; / pkfox?sf] n]vfhf]vf
xfn ul/Psf hf]lvd
s|=;+= hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f / cg's"ngsf ug{ ;lsg] k|of; tyf pkfox?
>f]t M:yfgLo jiff{sf] cj:yf -glhsdf kg]{ /fdk'/, lrtjgdf /x]sf] hn tyf df};d lj1fg dxfzfvfsf] k|of;
dfkg s]Gb|af6 dfkg ul/Psf] tYofÍnfO{ ljZn]if0f cg';f/_
! e'sDk • e'sDk cfpFbf ?v • ;'/lIft tl/sfn] 3/ jf6 jflx/ lg:sg],
;dft]/ a:g] . lg:sg nufpg] .
• lg:sg g;Sg] cj:yf eP vf6, 6]j'n
dflysf] # j6f u|fkmx?nfO{ ljZn]if0f ubf{ o; If]qsf] cf};t clwstd / cf};t Go"gtd tfkqmd jf cGo j:t' leq æ3'F8f 6]sL cf]t nflu
a[l4 x'g] qmd hf/L /x]sf] 5 . o;sf] ;fy} o; If]qdf x'g] aiff{sf] dfqfdf klg )=)( ldlnln6/ k|lt ;dftÆ -DCH_ cEof; ug]{ .
jif{sf] b/n] a9\b} uPsf] b]lvg cfp+5 . dflysf] tYofÍ ljZn]if0faf6 cfPsf] glthfx?nfO{ :yflgo • ljh'nLsf] d]g :jLr ckm ug]{ .
;d'bfosf] cg'ej;+u tfnd]n vfPsf] s'/f k|sf]ksf] P]ltxfl;s ;do /]vf tyf kl/jlt{t df};dL kfqf] • vfgf ksfpb}sf] cj:yfdf eP Uof;
Pj+ ;d'bfo;+usf] cf}krfl/s / cgf}krf/Ls 5nkmnaf6 cfPsf s'/fx?af6 k|i6 x'G5 . To;df klg jGb ug]{ .
jiff{sf] ;dodf sdL cfpg yfn]sf], uld{ofdsf] ;do a9\g yfn]sf], hf8f]sf] ;do 36\g yfn]sf], • e'sDk k|lt/f]wL 3/ lgdf{0f ug]{ cflb .
lxpb] jiff{df clgoldttf, s'lx/f] nfUg] ;do a9]sf] / v8]/L lgoldt tfl/sf eGbf nueu @ dlxgf @ af9L÷ • s]/fsf] vDaf k|of]u ug]{ • af9L k'j{ tof/L ;r]tgf, cld|;f] /f]kg,
hlt a9]sf] s'/f df};dL kfqf]n] k|i6 kf/]sf] b]lvG5 . ;fy} To;df klg o; gu/kflnsfdf la=;=@)#@ klx/f] • af9Ln] jufPdf 5]p5]p af+; /f]kg, l;pnL, ;hLjg, lv/L /f]kg,
hfg] jRg] . h}ljs t6aGw, jf6f] lgdf{0f, j[Iff/f]k0f
b]lv @)&$ ;Dd cfPsf] k|sf]kx?n] ;d'bfodf ePsf 3/x? eTsfPsf], af6f]3f6f] k'l/Psf], afnL gfnL
gi6 kf/]sf], v]t k'l/Psf] ;fy} kz' dfxfdf/L,dfgj dfxfdf/L,cfunfuL / v8]/L h:tf k|sf]kx?sf] • afF ; , cd[ ; f] /f] k 0f,
k|efjx? jif]{gL a9\b} uPsf] s'/f k|sf]ksf] P]ltxfl;s ;do/]vfn] tyf gu/kflnsf :t/df u/LPsf] j[Iff/f]k0fsf] ug]{
5nkmnn] b]vfp5 . • t6jGwg ug]{

26 27
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

# v8]/L • 5f]6f] ;dodf kfSg] afnL • kfgL Joa:yfkg ;DalGw ;r]tLs/0f, kfgL

;do cjlw

)–# dlxgf

)–# dlxgf
)–# dlxgf

e"sDk hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakbsf] ;dosf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
k|To]s jif{
d'xfg ;+/If0f, ;+/If0f kf]v/L lgdf0f{, cfsfz]

cfh}b]lv÷
nufPsf] .

;w}+
e"sDk hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .

k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldlt, lg/Gt/

kfgL ;+sng, kfgLsf] wf/f lgdf{0f
$ cfunfuL • :ofpnf, kfgL, df6f] , • clUg /]vf lgdf{0f, kf]v/L ;+/If0f tyf
kfgLn] lgefpg] Joj:yfkg, clUg lgoGq0f ;fdfu|L Joj:yfkg

u}x|;/sf/L ;+:yfx?
• s]/fsf] kftn] lgefpg]
•

lh=;=;= cGo
afn'jf /fVg]

jfXo

;/sf/L Pjd\
;|f]tsf] Joj:yf

Æ
Æ

Æ
Gf=kf= lhNnf b}jL
• sk8f, af] / f lehfP/
/fVg]

% H+funL • /fFsf] afn]/ nv6\g] • jGohGt' /f]syfdsf nflu d]; hfln

tflnsf !@ M ljkb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx?

cfGtl/s
hgfj/ • a'VofFrf agfP/ /fVg] Joj:yfkg

Æ
Æ

Æ
cfqmd0f • l6g ahfpg] • tf]; Joj:yfkg cflb .
• afFb/ df/]/ em'G8fpg]

Joj:yfkg ;ldlt
Gfu/ :t/Lo ljkb
d'Vo lhDd]jf/L
• ;]tf] sk8f /fVg],

ljkb Joj:yfkg
g=kf=÷ljBfno
af3af6 afRg]

g]=;=÷g=kf=

j8f÷g=kf=

cfktsflng ;fdfu|L -em6k6 emf]nf_ ;a} txdf

$ dxfdf/L • :Jff:Yo :jod+ ;]ljsf, • 9n lgsf;, kmf]xf]/ Joa:yfkg, dfgj :jf:Yo

;ldlt

;'/lIft cf>o :yn tyf cfjf; u[x g=kf=

% l;sdL{, 8sdL{ tflnd -e"sDk k|lt/f]wL g=kf=

:jf:Yo rf}sL, d]l8sn ;DalGw ;r]lts/0f, ´'n ljt/0f, kmf]xf]/
hfg] Joa:yfkg, kf]if0f o'St vfg ;DalGw tflnd,
lzz' :oxf/ sfo{sd, :jf:Yo l;lj/ ;+rfng,

ljsf; of]hgf tyf gLlt lgdf{0f tyf

:jf:Yo rf}sLdf ;'Ts]/L Joj:yf,

@ e"–sDk k|lt/f]wL cfjf; tyf j:tL

>f]t M :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Aoj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df sfo{zfnf uf]i7L, @)&$

ejg lgdf{0fsf nflu_

ljkb k"j{ tof/Lsf

!= ;r]tgf clej[l4, ;a} txdf

-;fj{hlgs 3/_
ljkb\sf] ;ª\s6f;Ggtf, Ifdtf / hf]lvd ljZn]if0faf6 k|fKt kl/0ffdadf]lhd cTolws hf]lvd /x]sf

# v'nf ;'/lIft :yn klxrfg

lqmofsnfkx?
;d'bfo jf j8fdf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0fsf nflu ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{ lqmofnfknfO{ ljkb\ klxn] ul/g]

lgdf{0f

tof/L
lqmofsnfksf] ¿kdf k|fyldsLs/0f ul/Psf] 5 . o; r/0fdf ug'{ kg]{ sfo{nfO{ lgDg b'O{ v08fdf
ljefhg u/L k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

#=!=! k|sf]k M e"sDk

sfof{Gjog
qm=
;+=

^
28 29
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
 tflnsf M !# ljkb\sf] ;dosf lqmofsnfkx¿

30
qm ;+ ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ;do cjlw
ljkb k|ltsfo{sf lqmofsnfkx? d'Vo lhDd]jf/L
cfGtl/s jfXo
! ;'/lIft :yndf hfg]÷n}hfg], ;'/Iffsf ;d'bfo lhNnf b}jL
pkfo ckgfpg], Uof;, ljB't aGb, vf]h k|sf]k p4f/ ;ldlt,
cfh}b]lv÷
tyf pkrf/, bdsn, PDj'n]G; af]nfpg] lh=;=;= cGo ;/sf/L
lg/Gt/
Pjd\ u}x|;/sf/L
;+:yfx?
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

@ cfkt\sflng j}7s, 3fO{t] tyf x/fPsf gu/kflnsf÷;'/Iff ,, ,, )–!

ljj/0f ;+sng, cf}ifwL Joj:yfkg, vf]h lgsfo
tyf p4f/, o'y ;dGjo
# vf]h, pkrf/, p4f/, ;'/lIft ;]jf k|x/L ,, ,, )–&
cf>o÷lzlj/df n}hfg], z'4 kfgL tyf
vfg]kfgL k|jGw
$ 6]lnkmf]g ;~rfng, vf]h, p4f/, pkrf/, ;;q k|x/L, ,, ,, )–@$
nf; Joj:yfkg, /fxt tyf vfBfGg :jf:Yo ;+:yf
ljt/0f, ;+3;+:yf ;dGjo
% p4f/ tyf /fxt, 6]lnkmf]g, ljB't, x/]s 6f]n ;ldlt ,, ,, @$–$*
vfg]kfgL ;~rfng
^ p4f/, /fxt tyf k'g:yf{kgf cfdf ;d"x, ljkb\ ,, ,, $*–&@
Joj:yfkg ;ldlt
& /fxt tyf k'g:{yfkgf ,, ,, ,, &@ 306fb]lv
& lbg

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
* /fxt tyf k'g:{yfkgf, ckfËtf ;xfos ,, ,, ,, & lbg–@
;fdfu|L Joj:yf, c:yfoL l;sfO{ s]Gb| :yfkgf xKtf
( e'sDk k|lt/f]wfTds cfjf; lgdf{0f ,, ,, ,, @ xKtf–
k|f/De, ;]g]6/L Kof8, n¶L cflb /fVg] !dlxgf
e"sDk hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿ tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf

tflnsf M !# ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿

qm= k|fyldstf k|d'v ;d:of ljkb hf]lvd ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg
d'Vo lhDd]jf/L ;do cjlw
;+= qmd tyf hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f lqmofsnfk cfGtl/s jfXo
! ! sLlt{k/' –^, • e'sDk;DaGwL hgr]tgf hufpg], gu/kflnsfsf] sfof{no, gu/kflnsf cGo tTsfn z'?
s'D;f]t–^, • df6f] kl/If0f u/L 3/ lgdf{ 0 f j8f ;ldlt, :jb]zL tyf ug]{ To;nfO{
jf/sf]n–!^ u/fpg], j8fdf ePsf ;+3 ;+:yfx? ljb]zL ;+3 lg/Gt/tf
alGbk'/–% • k| f ljlwssf] ;Nnfx ljgf 3/ e"sDk hf]lvd If]qx?sf] ;+:yfx? lbg]
/ ;Dk"0f{ gagfpg], cWoog ug]{
gu/kflnsf • ;dy/ e"–efudf dfq 3/ agfpg], k|jlns/0f ;DalGw
leqsf sRrL • k|To]s j8fdf bIf hgzlQmsf] hgr]tgf hufpg]
3/x?, pTkfbg ug]{, gS;f kf; ug,]{
cJojl:yt • 7]Sbf/x?nfO{ tflnd lbO{ 7]Ssf lbg],
3/x?sf] lgdf{0f sfddf k|fljlws ;Demf}tf u/L sfd
le/fnf] hldgdf ;dodf g} ug],{
3/ ePsf]n] • gd"gf 3/sf] k|bz{gL ug]{
;snf df=lj=
nufPtsf
k|jlns/0f ug'k{ g]{
31

ljBfno .
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
 #=!=@ k|sf]k M af9L

32
Aff9L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !$ M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx?
qm= ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf
ljkb k"j{ tof/Lsf lqmofsnfkx? d'Vo lhDd]jf/L ;do cjlw
;+= cfGtl/s jfXo
!= ;r]tgf clej[l4, ;a} txdf g=kf=÷ljBfno ljkb Gf=kf= lhNnf b}jL cfh}b]lv÷
Joj:yfkg ;ldlt k|sf]k p4f/ lg/Gt/
@p4f/sdL{ tflnd÷kf}8L tflnd, 9'Ëf, nfO{km Hofs]6, g]=;=÷g=kf= ,, ;ldlt, )–# dlxgf
8f]/L, cf}ifwL Joj:yfkg lh=;=;=
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

# t6aGwg tyf j[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ ,, ,, cGo )–# dlxgf

$ PDa'n]G; tyf k|fylds pkrf/ k|jGw ug]{ ,, ,,
% ljkb Joj:yfkg sf]if :yfkgf ,, ,, ;/sf/L Pjd\
^ k"j{ ;"rgf k|0ffnL h8fg ug]{ ,, ,, u}x|;/sf/L
;+:yfx?
Aff9L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakbsf] ;dosf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !% M ljkb\sf] ;dosf lqmofsnfkx¿
qm ;+ lqmofsnfkx? d'Vo lhDd]jf/L ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ;do cjlw
cfGtl/s jfXo
ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt,
! ;"rgf ug]{, vf]hL, p4f/, pkrf/, PDa'n]G;, k|x/LnfO{ vj/ lhNnf b}jL )–!
sfo{kflnsf, k|sf]k p4f/
@ ;"rgf ug]{, vf]hL, p4f/, pkrf/, PDa'n]G;, k|x/LnfO{ vj/ ug]{ ;d'bfo ,, )–&
;'/lIft cfjf;df n}hfg], kfgL tyf vfgf cfjf;sf] ;ldlt,
# Gf]=;= Gfu/kflnsf, ;d'bfo lh=;=;= )–@$
Joj:yf ldnfpg] cGo
$ kfgL, vfgf, cf>o Joj:yfkg, nf; Joj:yfkg ug]{ ,, ;/sf/L @$–$*
% p4f/, /fxt ,, Pjd\ $*–&@
p4f/, /fxt ,, u}x|;/sf/L &@–& lbg
^ k'g:{yfkgf ,, ;+:yfx? & lbg–@ xKtf
& p4f/, /fxt, k'g:{yfkgf ,, @ xKtf–Ps dlxgf

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
* p4f/, /fxt, k'g:{yfkgf ,, ! dlxgf–# dlxgf

Aff9L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿ tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf M !^ ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿
qm= k|d'v ;d:of ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f d'Vo ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg ;do
k|fyldstf qmd
;+= tyf hf]lvd lqmofsnfk lhDd]jf/L cfGtl/s jfXo cjlw
! jf}nfxf • af]6]6f]n, 3f]nsf @@ 3/ aufpg] • af]6 lj?jf nufpg] gu/kflnsf gu/kflnsf hgtfsf] t6aGw
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
vf]nf ;Defjgf • t6jGw ug]{ sfo{qmd
!#,^,%, • sflnsf 6f]n !& 3/ hf]lvd • ;Defljt If]q lgl/If0f, p=jf=;+3,
!@,!,# • r'xf8 / d[To'Ësf ljBfyL{ k9\ghfg cg'udg ug]{ . dWojtL{
;d:of, b]lj:yfg cf;kf; .
@ em/] vf]nf • ;fd'bflos l;~rfO{ jfw t6jGw k|To]s • jf9L ;DalGwt • gu/kflnsf • gu/kflnsf cfO{=Pg=lhcf]=, % jif{
j8f g+= jif{ aufpg] . k|lzIf0f lbg] • ;d"xdf • cfGtl/s Pg=lh=cf]=,
!& • em/]vf]nf ;fd'bflos jg aufpg] • ;Defljt If]qdf /x]sf p7fO{g] z'Ns hgtfsf] t6jGw,
• afx|sf]n hfg] af6f] aufpg] lzIffd"ns ;8s ;+3;+:yfx? p=jf=;+3
• s'n]gL ufpF agfpg] ;Defjgf gf6s ;d]t ug]{ • lhNnf
• 7f]s/ agfpg] e"–;+/If0f
# ds'08] • w';/L ufpFdf c;/ • j:tL ;'/lIft :yfgdf • o;df k/]sf • gu/kflnsf lgs'~h % jif{
@,!^ • k'g{jf; ufpF aufpg] ;Defjgf ;fg'{ j8fx? • ;f]lx vf]nfsf Pg=lh=cf]=,
• pj{/fe"ld jufPsf] • jf]6lj?jf nufpg'÷ • d]3f l/;f]6{ 9'Ëf, jfn'jf s/ cfO{=Pg=lhcf]
•
t6jGw ug'{ p=jf=;+3
Pn=Pg=lhcf]=
;+:yfx?
$ nf]sfxf • ef]6L vf]nfdf ufpFnfO{ c;/ • af9Lsf af/]df • gu/kflnsf • gu/kflnsf Pg=lh=cf]=,
vf]nf j8f • ;fn3f/L ufpF aufpg] ;Defjgf hgr]tgf hufpg] • ;DalGwt • ljktsf nflu cfO{=Pg=lhcf]=
g+= !),!% • k[YjLgu/ af6f]nfO{ c;/ sfo{qmd Nofpg] jf8{sf p7fO{Psf z'Ns
• pj{/fe"ld aufPsf] • :k/ agfpg] Snj;Fu
• !) gDj/ jf8{df ljBfyL{ k9\g hfg • af]6lj?jf nufpg] ;+:yfx?
• p=jf=;+3
g;Sg]
• lhNnf
e";+/If0f
33
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
 #=!=# k|sf]k M klx/f]

34
klx/f] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !& M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx?
qm= ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ;do
ljkb k"j{ tof/Lsf lqmofsnfkx? d'Vo lhDd]jf/L
;+= cfGtl/s jfXo cjlw
!= ;r]tgf clej[l4, ;a} txdf g=kf=÷ljBfno ljkb Gf=kf= lhNnf b}jL cfh}b]lv÷
Joj:yfkg ;ldlt k|sf]k p4f/ lg/Gt/
@ p4f/sdL{ tflnd÷kf}8L tflnd, 9'Ëf, nfO{km g]=;=÷g=kf= ,, ;ldlt, )–# dlxgf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

Hofs]6, 8f]/L, cf}ifwL Joj:yfkg lh=;=;=

# t6aGwg tyf j[Iff/f]k0f ug]{ ,, ,, cGo )–# dlxgf
$ PDa'n]G; tyf k|fylds pkrf/ k|jGw ug]{ ,, ,, ;/sf/L
% ljkb Joj:yfkg sf]if :yfkgf ,, ,, Pjd\
^ k"j{ ;"rgf k|0ffnL h8fg ug]{ ,, ,, u}x|;/sf/L
;+:yfx?
Kflx/f] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu ljkb k|ltsfo{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf !* M ljkb k|ltsfo{sf lqmofsnfkx?
qm ;+ ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ;do cjlw
lqmofsnfkx? d'Vo lhDd]jf/L
cfGtl/s jfXo
! ;"rgf ug]{, vf]hL, p4f/, pkrf/, PDa'n]G;, ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt, g=kf= ,, )–!
k|x/LnfO{ vj/ sfo{kflnsf ;d'bfo
@ ;"rgf ug]{, vf]hL, p4f/, pkrf/, PDa'n]G;, ,, ,, ,, )–&
k|x/LnfO{ vj/ ug]{
# ;'/lIft cfjf;df n}hfg], kfgL tyf vfgf ,, ,, ,, )–@$
cfjf;sf] Joj:yf ldnfpg]

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
$ kfgL, vfgf, cf>o Joj:yfkg, nf; ,, ,, ,, @$–$*
Joj:yfkg ug]{
% p4f/, /fxt ,, ,, ,, $*–&@
p4f/, /fxt ,, &@–& lbg
^ k'g:{yfkgf ,, & lbg–@ xKtf
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
& p4f/, /fxt, k'g:{yfkgf ,, @ xKtf–Ps dlxgf
* p4f/, /fxt, k'g:{yfkgf ,, ! dlxgf–# dlxgf
klx/f] hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿ tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf M !( ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿
k|fyldstf k|d'v ;d:of tyf ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg
qm=;+= d'Vo lhDd]jf/L cfGtl/s jfXo ;do cjlw
qmd hf]lvd lqmofsnfk
sLlt{k'/–^, • 3/j:tL aufpg ;Sg] • vf]l/of kmfl8 • gu/kflnsfsf] • gu/kflnsf • e"–;+/If0f tTsfn z'?
s'D;f]t–^, • af6f] aufpg ;Sg] le/kfvfdf sfof{no sfof{no ug]{ / To;nfO{
alGbk'/–%, • v]tLof]Uo hldgx? a;f]af; ug{ glbg] • lhNnf • :jb]zL lg/Gt/tf lbg]
afx|sf]n–!^ aufpg] • vfnL le/kfvfdf e"–;+/If0fsf] tyf ljb]zL
/fdjf; • l;~rfO{ gx/ aufO{ j[Iff/f]k0f u/fpg] sfof{no ;+3;+:yfx?
l;~rfO{ v] t L ug{ g;Sg] • cJojl:yt ?kdf
• kfO{k ;+/If0f / d'08]
! gx/sf] 5]p–& af]6lj?jf gsf6\g]
e't] /xsf] sLlt{ k/
' ;8s af6f] • le/fnf] efudf u/f
d[t'Ë l;~rfO{ afFw
kfvf]–* agfO{ v]tL ug]{
s'd;f]t vfg]kfgL
d[t'Ë–^ kfO{k • le/ kfvfdf u]ljg

emfqm]–% • lbJok'/L vfg]kfgL

tf/, t6aGwg ug]{
• kfvfdf h/f km}ng]
;+:yf
35

lj?jf nufpg]
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
 #=!=$ k|sf]k M cfunfuL

36
cfunfuL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf @) M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx?
qm= d'Vo ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg
ljkb\ k"j{ tof/Lsf lqmofsnfk cfGtl/s afXo ;do cjlw
;+= lhDd]jf/L
! ;r]tgf clej[l4 g=kf, ;+3;+:yf g=kf=, ;f=jg= c;f]haf6 lg/Gt/
@ rf}8f ;8so'Qm j:tL ljsf; gLlt gu/kflnsf ,, # dlxgfb]lv lg/Gt/
tyf sfof{Gjog
# bdsn nufot cGo kmfo/ gu/kflnsf ,,
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

kmfO{6/sf] Joj:yfkg
$ cUgL lgoGqs tflnd tyf ;fdfu|L ,, ,,
Joj:yfkg
% cUgL /]vf lgdf{0f tyf emf8L gu/kflnsf, ,,
Joj:yfkg ;fd'bflos jg
^ kfgL ;+sng kf]v/L x/]s j8fdf gu/kflnsf ,,
Joj:yfkg ug]{
& vfB tyf u}/ vfB ;fdfu|L e08f/0f ,,
cfunfuL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu ljkb k|ltsfo{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf @! M ljkb k|ltsfo{sf lqmofsnfkx?
d'Vo ;|f]tsf] Joj:yf ;do cjlw
qm ;+ lqmofsnfkx? cfGtl/s jfXo
lhDd]jf/L
! ljkb k|ltsfo{sf lqmofsnfkx? tyf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg g=kf= ;d'bfo )–!
;d'bfo k|x/LnfO{ vj/ ug]{ ;ldlt, sfo{kflnsf
@ cfuf] lgefpg], p2f/ tyf /fxt / pkrf/ ,, ,, )–&
# dfly pNn]lvt sfo{ ub}{ pkrf/ kfgL vfgf÷n'uf / ,, ,, )–@$
cf>o :ynsf] Joj:yfkg ug]{
$ vf]h÷p4f/ pkrf/÷nf; Joj:yfkg ,, ,, @$–$*

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
% p4f/ tyf /fxt lg/Gt/tf ,, ,, $*–&@
^ p4f/, /fxt tyf k'g:{yfkgf ,, ,, &@–& lbg
* /fxt tyf k'g:{yfkgf ,, ,, &@ xKtf
( k'g:{yfkgf tyf k'g{lgdf{0f ,, ,,
!) k'g:{yfkgf tyf k'g{lgdf{0f ,, ,,
cfunfuL hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿ tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf

tflnsf M @@ ljkb\ kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx¿

qm= k|d'v ;d:of ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg ;do
k|fyldstf qmd d'Vo lhDd]jf/L cfGtl/s jfXo
;+= tyf hf]lvd lqmofsnfk cjlw
! ;Dk"0f{ • wghgsf] Iflt • cfuf] nfUg glbg / cfuf] nfUgfn] • 3/jfnf :jod\ • gu/kflnsf • :jb]zL tyf tTsfn
gu/kflnsf x'g] x'g] Ifltsf] hgr]tgf hufpg] cfkm} ;fydf • ;fd'bflos ljb]zL ;+3 z'? ug]{ /
leqsf 3/ clg • ;fd'bflos • h+undf k|j]z ubf{ ;nfO{, r'/f]6, ;fd'bflos h+un ;+:yfx? To;nfO{
h+undf -ljz]if h+undf 89]nf] nfO{6/ n}hfg glbg] h+unsf] ;ldlt • jg sfof{no lg/Gt/tf
sRrL 3/, uf]7 nflu h+unL • v'Nnf 7fpFdf cfuf] gkm'Sg], • gu/kflnsf lbg]
ePsf] 7fpFdf_ hgfj/x? dg]{ km'sL;s]kl5 /fd|f];Fu lgefpg]
tyf lj:yflkt • cfuf]n] l6Kg] j:t'x? hyfefjL
x'g] g/fVg] / k|of]u ubf{ Wofgk"j{s k|of]u
ug]{
• Jojl:yt kfs{ u[x lgdf{0f clgjfo{

u/fpg]
• bIf sfl/uf/4f/f 3/ jfO{l/Ë u/fpg]

• jgh+undf 89]nf] ;DaGwL lgod

sfg'g agfpg] Pj+ hgr]tgf

hufpg]
37
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
 #=!=% k|sf]k M v8]/L

38
Vf8]/L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf @# M lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx?
qm= ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg ;do cjlw
ljkb\ k"j{ tof/Lsf lqmofsnfk d'Vo lhDd]jf/L
;+= cfGtl/s afXo
! ;r]tgf clej[l4 g=kf, ;+3;+:yf lg/Gt/
@ kfgL d'xfg ;+/If0f, kf]v/L lgdf{0f tyf ;+/If0f gu/kflnsf, ;d'bfo # dlxgfb]lv lg/Gt/
# Jfiff{tsf] kfgL ;+sng tyf l/rfh{ Aoj:yfkg gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

$ cUgL lgoGqs tflnd tyf ;fdfu|L Joj:yfkg

% cUgL /]vf lgdf{0f tyf emf8L Joj:yfkg gu/kflnsf, ;f= jg
& vfB tyf u}/ vfB ;fdfu|L e08f/0f
Vf8]/L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf @$ M lakb kZrftsf lqmofsnfkx?
qm= k|d'v ;d:of tyf ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f d'Vo ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg ;do
k|fyldstf qmd
;+= hf]lvd lqmofsnfk lhDd]jf/L cfGtl/s jfXo cjlw
! sbdk'/, • v]tjf/L afemf] x'g' • Ogf/, l8k jf]l/Ë, yf]kf • lhNnf s[lif l;~rfO{ • b]jr'nL • lhNnf ! jif{
efqm], • kfgL lkpg ;d:of l;~rfO{sf] ;+sngaf6 sfof{no, :yfgLo gu/kflnsf l;~rfO{ leq
s]p/]gL, /hx/, x'g' Joj:yfkg ug'{kg]{ ljsf; sfof{no, sfof{no
wf/fkfgL • s[lifhGo pTkfbgdf • j[Iff/f]k0f ug'{kg]{ b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf • :yfgLo

sld x'g' • v8]/Lsf] ;dodf x'g] ljsf;

ljpljhg pTkfbg ug'{kg]{ sfof{no
• tfn, tnfp, kf]v/L vGg]

tyf Joj:yfkg ug'{kg]{

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
@ jf/sf]n, • lkpg of]Uo • Ogf/, l8k, af]l/Ë, • lhNnf vfg]kfgL b]jr'nL • vfg]kfgL @ jif{
d[Tt'Ë, sLlt{k/' , kfgLsf] sld vGg'kg]{ tyf l;~rfO{ gu/kflnsf l8lehg leq
alGbk'/, • kfgL b'lift x'g' • wf/fsf] Joj:yf pkef]Qmf ;ldlt, sfof{no
efqm], sD;f]b, ul/g'kg]{ vfg]kfgL l8lehg
wf/fkfgL • tfn, tnfp, kf]v/L sfof{no,
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf

vGg'kg]{ b]jr'nL
gu/kflnsf
# b]jr'nL • s[lif pTkfbgdf • j[Iff/f]k0f ul/ • s[lif l;+rfO{, b]jr'nL • vfg]kfgL $ jif{
gu/kflnsf sld x'g', d'No g'kg]{, k|fs[lts :jf:Yo gu/kflnsf l8lehg leq
;a} jf8{x?df j[l4, kfgLsf ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f gu/kflnsf, sfof{no,
-!–!&_ ;|f]tx? ;'Sg], ul/g'kg]{, v8]/L d'Qm vfg]kfgL :yfgLo
dxfdf/L /f]usf] ljpljhg pTkfbg l8lehg sfof{no ljsf;
k|sf]k, d'No j[l4 ul/g'kg]{, j}slNks sfof{no
Joj:yf ckgfpg],
cfsfz] kfgLsf]
Joj:yf / k|of]u, s[lif
k|fljlwssf] Joj:yf
39
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
 #=!=^ k|sf]k M h+unLhgfj/ cfqmd0f

40
Vf8]/L hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf @% M lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf lqmofsnfkx?
qm= k|fyldstf k|d'v ;d:of tyf ljkb hf]lvd ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg
;+= qmd hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f lqmofsnfk d' V o lhDd] j f/L ;do cjlw
cfGtl/s jfXo
! • j8f g+=!% • dfgjLo Iflt • ljB'tLo • gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL • /fli6«o
sf] ;fn3f/L tyf v]tLjfnL tf/hfnL tyf gu/kflnsfleq lgs'~h
If]q gi6 nufot ;DalGwt ePsf • jkm/ hf]g
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

• j8f g+= • 3/kfn'jf d];hfnLsf] jf8{x? ;+3;+:yfx? • Pg=lh=cf]=

!$ sf] hgfj/sf] Iflt Joj:yfkg ug]{ • dWojtL{ • cfO{=Pg=lhcf]
tNnf] efu • v]tLjfnL • tf]; tyf pkef]Qmf • ;fd'bflos
/fhdfu{af6 gf]S;fg vfN6f] vGg] ;ldlt jg
tNnf]leq • h+unleq • l;;jf/ • lhNnf jg
• j8f g+= !#
3fF;] d}bfgsf] pkef]Qmf sfof{no
sf] blIf0fk§L
;Dk"0f{ efu Joj:yfkg ug]{ ;ldlt
• h+unleq tfn • ;fd'bflos
• j8f g+= ! /
@ sf] tNnf] tn}ofsf] klg jg
efu Joj:yfkg ug]{ pkef]Qmf
• j8f g+= !^ • h}ljs tf/jf/ ;ldlt
/ !& sf] • cfjfh lbg] • lrtjg

blIf0fsf] efu ;fwg / cGo /fli6«o

• j8f g+= !) u/L k|of]u ug]{ lgs'~h
j8f g+= • lhNnf jg
$,%,^,( sfof{no

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
#=!=& k|sf]k M ;8s b'3{6gf
;8s b'3{6gf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf @^ M lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf lqmofsnfkx?
ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg ;do
qm=;+= k|fyldstfqmd d'Vo lhDd]jf/L cfGtl/s jfXo
lqmofsnfk cjlw
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf

! Zjf:jt wfd, • 6«flkms ;+s]t, 6«flkms k|x/L / h]a|f oftfoft Joj:yfsf] b]jr'nL oftfoft Joj:yf # dlxgf
k|ultgu/ qml;Ë /flvg'kg]{ sfof{no, 6«flkms k|x/L, gu/kflnsf ljefu, 6«flkms leq
rf]s, bnbn] • ;do ;dodf k=;+= r]s tyf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf, rfns k|x/L, /]8qm;
rf]s, s]p/]gL ;jf/L cg'dtL k|fKt kq x]l/g'kg]{ ofq'
rf]s
@ b]jr'nL • ;8s km/flsnf] agfO{g'kg]{ ;8u ljefu, b]jr'nL b]jr'nL ;8s ljefu ! jif{
gu/kflnsf & • a9L df]8 ePsf] x'Fbf ;8ssf] af6f] gu/kflnsf, rfns, ofq' gu/kflnsf leq
/ ( hf]8\g] u/L km/s agfO{g'kg]{
3'DtL • df]8df ePsf zf}rfno x6fO{g'kg]{
# b]jr'nL–%, ;snf • h]j|f qml;Ësf] Joj:yf ul/g'kg]{ 6«flkms k|x/L, b]jr'nL b]jr'nL 6«flkms k|x/L # dlxgf
df=lj=, b]jr'nL–!&, • ;jf/L cg'dlt k|fKt kq tyf ltj| gu/kflnsf, rfns, ofq' gu/kflnsf oftfoft Joj:yf leq
j/r'nL df=lj=, ult r]s ul/g'kg]{ ljefu
b]jr'nL–!!, gd"gf • df=kf=;]= r]s tyf xf]l8Ë jf]8{
df=lj=, b]jr'nL–!^, /flvg'kg]{
s'df/jtL{ df=lj=, • :jf:jt wfd cufl8 kfls{Ësf]
sflnsf df=lj= Joj:yf ug]{
$ ljBfno If]q, • df=kf=;]= r]s, cg'dlt kq r]s, 6«flkms k|x/L, oftfoft b]jr'nL oftfoft Joj:yf ! jif{
ahf/ If]q tyf 6«flkms k|x/L, 6«flkms alQ, h]a|f Joj:yf ljefu, b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf ljefu, 6«flkms leq
leqL ;8s qml;Ësf] Joj:yf gu/kflnsf, ;8s ljefu, k|x/L ;8s ljefu
• yf]/} dfn;fdfg / ofq' af]em rfns, ofq'
Go"lgs/0f ul/g'kg]{
41
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
 #=!=* k|sf]k M ;k{b+z

42
;8s b'3{6gf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkgsf nflu lakb k"j{sf lqmofsnfkx? tnsf] tflnsfdf k|:t't ul/Psf] 5 .
tflnsf @& M lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf lqmofsnfkx?
qm= k|d'v ;d:of tyf ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f ;|f]tsf] Joj:yfkg ;do
k|fyldstfqmd d'Vo lhDd]jf/L
;+= hf]lvd lqmofsnfk cfGtl/s jfXo cjlw
! j8f g+= #,$,%,^,&,* • ;k{b+zsf] k|d'v • ;k{b+z pkrf/ s]Gb| • b]jr'nL b]jr'nL lhNnf ! jif{
,(,!),!!,!@,!#,!$,! ;d:of eg]sf] vf]Ng' kg]{ gu/kflnsf gu/kflnsf :jf:Yo leqdf
%,!^ / !& -b]jr'nL 6f]sfO{n] dfgj Iflt • k|fylds pkrf/sf] nflu • k|fylds s]Gb|, :yfkgf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

gu/kflnsfsf] ;a} / 3/kfn'jf hgfj/ / tflndsf] Joj:yf :jf:Yo s]Gb|, gjnk/f;L ul/
j8fx?_ Iflt x'g ;S5 eGg] • 3/ jl/k/L emf8L x6fpg], b'Dsf}nL ;Sg'
• cfly{s ?kn] / vfN6f v'N6L k'g{] / ;/;kmfO{ kg]{
;fdflhs ?kn] kl5 ug's{ f] ;fy} hgr]tgfd"ns
k/]sf] ju{ / ;d'bfo sfo{qmd ug]{ .
hf] ;Fu cfly{s • 3/sf] em\ofn 9f]sfx?df

cefj 5 lt JolQmx? hfnL kNnf nufpg]

;k{b+zsf] 6f]sfOaf6 • /ftLdf lx8\bf uda'6
csfndf d[To' x'g nufpg]
;S5 . h:t}+ af]6] • ;'Tg] a]nfdf em'n 6fFu]/

6f]n, d';x/ j:tL, ;'Tg]

alGbk'/, sLlt{k'/, • dfly pNn] l vt sfo{

afx|sf]n cflb ug{ s f] nflu :yfgLo

7fpFx? . cfdf ;d" x x? dfkm{ t
hgr]tgfd"ns sfo{qmd
ug]{

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
#=@ :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg tof/L sfo{of]hgf th'{df
;d'bfo;Fusf] k|ToIf 5nkmn / cGt/lqmof cg';f/ agfOPsf oL of]hgfx?sf] ljz]if dxTj5 . oL ;a} ljkb Joo:yfkg
tyf cg's"ngsf of]hgfx?n] ;d'bfosf] ;+s6f;GGtf sd ug{ / hLljsf]kfh{gsf ;|f]t k|ltsf] kx'Fr :yfkgf ug{ dxTjk"0f{
e"ldsf v]N5g . 5f]6f] ;dodf k|efjsf/L ;]jf k|bfg ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf, yk ljsNkx?sf] kof{Kttf, nlIft ju{df k'¥ofpg
;Sg] ;sf/fTds k|efj, ul/jtyf ljkGg ;d'bfo -;+s6f;Gg ;d'bfo_ jf 3/w'/Lsf] cfjZostf, ;do l;dfdf cfwfl/t /x]/
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf

zL3| ug{ ;lsg] / vr{ ldtJolotfsf cfwf/x? ljZn]if0f u/L k|fyldstfdf k/]sf cg's"ngsf pkfox?nfO{ ;d]6L o; ljkb\
Joj:yfkg tof/L of]hgfx? th'{df ul/Psf] 5 -tflnsf @*_ .
tflnsf @* M :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg tof/L sfo{of]hgf–2074
2074/075 2075/076 2076/077 2077/078 2078/79      
qm=; lqmofsnfk
OsfO{
kl/df0f
b/÷xhf/

kl/df0f hDdf kl/df0f hDdf kl/df0f hDdf kl/df0f hDdf kl/df0f hDdf s'n hDdf j:tL lhDd]jf/L
1. hgr]tgf tyf k|rf/ k|;f/
e' s Dk k| l t/f] w L
1 gd'gf ejg / 3/ k6s 5 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 500 !–!& j8fsf ;a} gu/kflnsf
lgdf{0f tflnd
h} l js ljiffbL pT-
kfbg, cuf{lgs v]lt gu/kflnsf,
2 k6s 5 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 250 !–!& j8fsf ;a}
tyf ;'V' vf ;xg] jfnL s[lif sfof{no
ljsf; tflnd
89]nf] tyf cfunfuL
gu/kflnsf,
3 lgoGq0f tflnd tyf k6s 5 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 1 50 250 !–!& j8fsf ;a}
;f=jg=
;dfu|L ljt/0f
;k{b; k|fylds
4 k6s 3 50 1 50 1 50 ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ 1 50 150 !–!& j8fsf ;a} :jf:Yo s]Gb|
pkrf/ tflnd
;8s b'3{6gf
5 Go"lgs/0f tyf 6|flkms k6s 5 25 1 25 1 25 1 25 1 25 1 25 100 !–!& j8fsf ;a} gu/kflnsf
;r]tgf tflnd
kmf]xf]/d}nf
Joj:yfkg tflnd
6 tyf 6f]n ;'wf/;+:yf k6s 5 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 1 100 500 !–!& j8fsf ;a} gu/kflnsf
cled'lvs/0f
sfo{qmd
43
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
 2. t6jGwg tyf a[Iff/f]k0f

44
s_ af}nfxf vf]nf
j8f g+ %, &, !#,

2500
t6jGwg tyf ld= 100 500 100 500 100 500 100 500 100 500 100 250000
!@, #, !
a[Iff/f]k0f
v_ em/fxL vf]nf

1500
t6jGwg tyf ld= 100 300 100 300 100 300 100 300 100 300 100 150000 j8f g= !^,!&
a[Iff/f]k0f
u_ nf]sfxf vf]nf

1500
t6jGwg tyf ld= 100 300 100 300 100 300 100 300 100 300 100 150000 j8f g= (,!),!% gu/kflnsf,
a[Iff/f]k0f hn pTkGGf
3_ d's'08] k|sf]k lgoGq0f

500
vf]nf t6jGwg ld= 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 50000 j8f g= !^,@ laefu,
7 tyf a[Iff/f]k0f dWojtL{
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

ª_ klx/f] If]q, lhNNff

500
hf]lvd lgoGq0f, j8f g+ %,^,$,&, e";+/If0f
x]= 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 50000
e";+/If0f tyf !^,!& sfof{no,
a[Iff/f]k0f g]kfn ;/sf/
ª_ au'xL vf]nf

250
t6jGwg tyf ld= 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 50 100 25000 j8f g= !#
a[Iff/f]k0f
r_ gf/fo0fL
glb lsgf/f j8f g= !&,!^,@,
ld= 5000 s]Gb|Lo of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug]{
t6jGwg tyf !,!#,!$,!%
a[Iff/f]k0f
3= vfg]kfgL d'xfg ;+/If0f
s_ k|ultgu/
j8f g= !)
vfg]kfgL d'xfg j6f
b]lv !%
;+/If0f
v_ lbJok'/L
vfg]kfgL d'xfg j6f j8f g= ! b]lv %
;+/If0f vfg]kfgL ;+:yf,
8 u_ b]jr'nL 25 500 5 2500 5 2500 5 2500 5 2500 5 2500 12500 gu/kflnsf,
If]qsf ;Dk"0f{ g]kfn ;/sf/
j6f j8f g= ^ b]lv (
vfg]kfgL d'xfg
;+/If0f
u_ /hx/ If]qsf
;Dk"0f{ vfg]kfgL j6f j8f g+ !^, !&
d'xfg ;+/If0f

b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
$= l;+rfO{ gx/ dd{t tyf ;+/If0f
gu/kflnsf,
s_ l;+rfO{
j8f g= ! b]lv l;rfO{
gx/ dd{t tyf j6f 25 500 5 2500 5 2500 5 2500 5 2500 5 2500 12500
!& l8lehg
;+/If0f
sfof{no
9
jf8{ g+= !,@,#,$,%
v_ l8k jf]l/ª
sf] tNnf]j]N6 &, (,
lgdf{0f tyf j6f 15 500 3 500 3 500 3 500 3 500 3 500 7500
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
 
!), !!, !@, !#,
;+/If0f
!$, !%, !^, !&

%_ jGohGt' /f]syfd tf/ hfln Joj:yfkg

jGohGt'
/f]syfd tf/
hfln Joj:yfkg lr=/f=lg=dWojtL{
- /fli6o lgs'~h, If]q,
10 ld= 4000 100 800 100 800 100 800 100 800 100 800 100 400000 j8f g= ^
dWojtL{ If]q g]kfn ;/sf/,
glhssf j8f g+ gu/kflnsf
!), !#, !$, !%,
(, !^, !&, !, @ _
^_ kf]v/L lgdf{0f tyf ;+/If0f
s_ kf]v/L lgdf{0f jf8{ g+= *, & /
j6f 17 200 5 1000 5 1000 3 600 3 600 1 100 3400
tyf ;+/If0f (, %, !@
11 `_ lkslgs If]q, gu/kflnsf
v'nf :yfg tyf j6f 17 200 5 1000 5 1000 3 600 3 600 1 100 3400 ;j} j8fx?
kfs{ Joj:yfkg
12= u|fld0f;8s lgdf{0f tyf :t/pGgtL
s_ sbdk'/
j8f g+ %
jlGbk'/ ;8s
v_ d'08] s[ltk'/
;8s s]Gb|Lo of]hgfdf ;d]t ;dfj]z ug]{
j8f g= ^ gu/kflnsf,
12 u_ /hx/ j6f 4 80000 j8f g+ !^, !& g]kfn ;/sf/
jfx|sf]n ;8s  

3_ cGo ;8s
45
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
v08 – $ M of]hgfsf] :jLs[lt tyf sfof{Gjog
$=! of]hgfsf] :jLs[lt
o; :yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf, @)&$ nfO{ b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] gu/ sfo{kflnsfdf
k|:t't u/L 5nkmn ul/g] 5 . gu/ sfo{kflnsf af6 cfj:os k|so[ f ;lxt :jLs[t u/L gu/kl/ifb\af6
;d]t :jLs[t eP kZrft nfu' ul/g] 5 .
$=@ ah]6 Joj:yfkg
:yfgLo ljkb\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf, @)&$ sfof{Gjogsf nflu b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfsf] cfufdL
gu/ kl/ifb jf6 jh]6 ljlgof]hg ul/g] 5 . jl:t, 6f]n tyf j8f :t/jf6 of]hgf th'{df ubf{ o;
sfo{of]hgfnfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ of]hgf lgdf{0f ul/g] 5 . ;fy} laifout zfvf tyf sfof{nox?,
;+usf] ;dGjo / ;xsfo{df ah]6 Joj:yfkg u/L sfof{Gjog ul/g] 5 .
$=# of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsfn] o; ljkb Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] g]t[Tj ug]{ 5 . o; of]hgfsf]
;kmn sfof{Gjog / ;dGjofTds e'ldsfsf nflu gu/kflnsfsf] ljifout ;ldlt jftfj/0f tyf ljkb\
Aoj:yfkg ;ldlt lqmoflzn /xg]5 . ljkb Joj:yfkg of]hgfsf sfo{x?nfO{ ;d'bfodf :yfkLt eO{
lqmofl;n /x]sf ljBdfg ;d'x, ;+:yf, Sna tyf pkef]Qmf ;ldltx? dfkm{t sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
cfj:ostf cg';f/ sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu :yfgLo ;xhstf{x?sf] kl/rfng ug{ ;lsg]
5 . oL ;xhstf{x?n] ;fdflhs kl/rfngsf sfo{x? / sfo{Gjogsf nflu cfj:os ;xhLs/0fsf
sfo{x? ug]{5g . sfo{qmd sfo{Gjog x'g' k'j{ sfo{fGjogsf nflu cfjZos lj:t[t jh]6 tof/L, l86]n
l8hfO{g tyf Ol:6d]6 tof/L, pkef]Qmf ;ldlt u7g, ;d'x / Snax? ;+u ;xdtL Pj+ ;Demf}tf ul/
sfo{Gjog ul/g] 5 . sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] qmddf cfo Joosf] ljj/0f tyf ;DalGwt clen]vx?
kf/blz{ ?kdf /flvg]5 .
$=$ of]hgfsf] cg'udg d"NofÍg tyf k'g/fjnf]sg
o; gu/kflnsf cGt{ut ljkb Joj:yfkg of]hgfdf ;d]l6Psf ;j} 3/w'/L tyf ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k|ToIf
;xeflutf / jftfj/0f tyf ljkb\ Aoj:yfkg ;ldltsf] cu'jfO{df ljkb Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf]
cg'udg cw{aflif{s tyf aflif{s ?kdf ul/g] 5 . To;}ul/ % jif{ kl5 clGtd d'NofÍg u/L k'gMcfufdL
lbgsf] d'NofÍg of]hgf tof/ ul/g]5 . sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] qmddf sfo{qmd u'0f:t/Lo tyf p2]Zo d'ns
jgfpg ;DjlGwt nfeflGjt ju{ tyf ;DjlGwt ;/f]sf/jfnf ;+:yfx?sf] ;'emfjnfO{ ;Djf]wg ul/g] 5 .
sfo{qmd ;Dkfbg kZrft ;DjlGwt lqmofsnfksf] ;fa{hlgs n]vf kl/If0f ul/g] 5 .
46
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
v08 – % M lgisif{ / ;'emfjx?
%=! lg:sif{
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf laleGg k|fs[lts Pjd\ dfgj l;lh{t k|sf]kx?jf6 x/]s aif{ k|eflat x'g] u/]sf]
5 . lalzi6 ef}uf]lns cjl:yltsf sf/0f gu/kflnsfsf] tNnf] e"–efu af9L tyf 8'jfg af6 k|efljt
x'g] u/]sf] 5 . af9Laf6 ;aeGbf al9 k|eflat j8fx? !#, #, %, !%, !@, !^, !& / ! nufPtsf x'g .
dflyNnf] e"–efu klx/f] tyf cfunfuL jf6 w]/} k|efljt 5 . klx/f]af6 a9L k|eflat x'g] a8fx? %,
^, $, !^, !&, / & x'g . k|sf]k :t/Ls/0f tyf k|fyldlss/0fsf lx;fjn] qmdzM e'sDk, af9L, klx/f],
h+unL hgfj/ cft+s, v8]/L, cfunfuL, dxfdf/L, ;8s b'3{6gf, ;k{bz, r6\ofª d'Vo /x]sf 5g .
o; gu/kflnsfsf j8fx?+ !), !, (, !%, !#, !^, !& h+unL hgfj/sf] cft+s af6 k|efljt ePsf
j8fx? x'g . lakbsf sf/0f wghg, ef}tLs k"jf{wf/, k|fs[lts ;|f]t ;fwg cflbsf] If]tL x'g] u/]sf]
5 . laleGg j8fx?sf] ;+s6f;Ggtf / Ifdtf laZn]if0faf6 cfPsf] :tl/s/0fnfO{ x]bf{ ;a} eGbf
qmdzM a9L ;+s6f;Gg j8fx? %, ^, $, !@, !#, !^, !&, !%, !), @ /x]sf] b]lvG5 eg] ;a} eGbf
sd ;+s6f;Gg j8fx? !!, !$ nufPtsf b]lvG5g . oBkL ;j} j8fx? s'g} g s'g} ?kn] k|sf]ksf]
hf]lvddf /x]sf j8fx? x'g . lautsf lbgx?eGbf clxn] df};ddf ePsf] kl/jt{gsf sf/0f v]tL ug]{
;do, k|sf]k lakbdf kl/0ft x'g] ;do / o;sf] :t/df ;d]t kl/jt{g cfO/x]sf] b]lvG5 . cg'dfg
ug{ g;lsg] df};dsf sf/0f gu/kflnsfdf lakbsf 36gfx? a9L/x]sf 5g . hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf]
If]qdf sfd ug]{ ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yf tyf lgsfox? / bIf hgzlQm kof{Kt dfqfdf gx'g' tyf ePsf
;+:yfx? ;+u klg ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ x'g g;Sbf Go"lgs/0fsf sfo{x? k|efjsf/L jGg ;s]sf 5}gg\ .
ctM o; :yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgfdf klxrfg ul/Psf ;j} k|sf/sf ;|f]t, ;fwg,
l;k tyf hgzlQm kl/rfng u/L :yfgLo ;d'bfo, ;+3 ;+:yf tyf ;/f]sf/jfnf ;j}sf] ;lqmo
;xeflutfdf of]hgfj¢ tj/n] cfufdL kfFr aif{sf nflu o; sfo{of]hgfsf] ;kmn sfof{Gjog ug{
;s]df :yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f / Joj:yfkgdf 6]jf k'Ug] b]lvG5 .
%=@ ;'emfjx?
• gu/kflnsfn] ;du| lakb Aoa:yfkgsf nflu o; :yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf
c'g?k sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug'{ kb{5 . o;f] ubf{ lakb hf]lvd Go"lgs/0fsf lqmofsnfkx?nfO{
gu/kflnsfsf] lasf; sfo{qmddf ;d]t ;dfj]; ug{ cfaZos b]lvG5 .
• gu/kflnsf tyf ljifout ;ldlt jftfj/0f tyf ljkb Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf] g]t[Tjdf x/]s
j8fdf j8f:tl/o ljkb Joj:yfkg ;ldlt u7g u/L sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ug'{ kb{5 .
• ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] k|ToIf ;xeflutf / cu'jfO{df ljkb Joj:yfkg sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf]
cg'udg u/L cfjZos k[i7kf]if0f tyf k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{kg]{ b]lvG5 .
47
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

cg';"rL ! % sbdk'/ s[i0f l;njfn b'uf{ dlGb/ kl/;/  

k|sf]k hf]lvd Go"lgs/0f tyf ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;"rgf cu'jf tyf d[t'ª a]naxfb'/ 7f8f b'uf{ dlGb/ kl/;/  
cNksflng k'g:yf{kgf :ynx?sf] ljj/0f aGbLk'/ nfnl;+x ufxf wlt{ k|f=lj= :s"n  
j8f g++ 6f]n c'ujfsf] gfd :yn kmf]g g+= xs{k'/ xf]daxfb'/ l8;'jf rr{  
! s]p/]gL ahf/ 6f]n b]jLnfn b]jsf]6f b'uf{{ dlGb/ kl/;/ 9847238750 gofF ufFp b'uf{axfb'/ b]uf ;fd'bflos jg  
kf]v/L 6f]n x]ddfof lh=;L= ;fd'bflos jg  
hfu[lt 6f]n afa'/fd dfemL gjhfu/0f k|f=lj= 9847073776
df}nf y'DsL kxnaxfb'/ k'nfdL ;d"x ejg  
x]Nykf]i6 rf]s 6f]n b]jL ;'j]bL b]jr'nL pk–:jf:Yo rf}sL   kflt:jf/f ledaxfb'/ l8'jf ledaxfb'/ l;;'jf  
ldng 6f]n nId0f e08f/L b]jr'nL pk–:jf:Yo rf}sL 9855029700 ^ s'D;f]t r'/fd0fL ufxf ;/:jtL k|f=lj=  
;kmf/L 6f]n s'nk|;fb l3ld/] ldng rf]s   lslt{k'/ ldgaxfb'/ ;f]tL a;kfs{ 9845067620
b]jL u}/f 6f]n wgaxfb'/ s]=;L= b]jLu}/f rf]s   kf/L 6f]n v8\uaxfb'/ ;'gf/L sfe|f]sf] af]6 d'gL 9817584167
/fddlGb/ 6f]n g]6axfb'/ dxtf] /fd dlGb/ 9847271103 a]ny/ a]naxfb'/ a/fn lslt{k'/ / a]Ny/sf] bf]af6f] 9814464104
ub{jf 6f]n /f]zg kf}8]n ub'{jf rf]s   k}5fo g/axfb'/ 7f8f du/ elnjn u|fpg 9812954310
e6s 6f]n an/fd u}/] e6s rf]s 9847484755 d'08] 5naxfb'/ ufxf afnls/0f k|f=lj=  
@ b'Dsf}nL 6f]n odgfy jf:tfsf]6L s'df/jtL{ dlGb/ 9847042331 & eLd;]g :s"n 6f]n aln/fd ;fksf]6f eLd;]g :s"nsf] rf}/ 9845067436
k'gjf; 6]saxfb'/ dfemL k'g{jf;   P;df]8 6f]n wd{axfb'/ >]i7 wd{sf] 3/ cuf8Lsf] vfnL 7fFp 9806957312
cd[t 6f]n n]vaxfb'/ clwsf/L Ejg   zflGt 6f]n 1fgnfn kf08] 1fgnfnsf] cfug 9817434374
b'Dsf}nL xfO6 sfzLgfy vgfn rf}w/L pBf]u u|fd k"jL{ u]6   ;Ltfaf; 6+sL rf]s vdnfn kf}8]n 6+sL cuf8Lsf] vfnL 7fFp 9847121657
;Ltfaf; 7f8f] 6f]n bnaxfb'/ sfˆn] bnaxfb'/sf] cfug 9811544262
xdfn rf]s /fdeQm l;Ub]n Snj ejg  
;Ltfaf; rf]s ;Ltf yfkf ;Ltf yfkfsf] 3/ 9814425676
d]3/fh 6f]n 5Gg'/fd dxtf] Snj ejg  
/fdaf; rf]s b]jLnfn k/fh'nL /fdaf; Snjsf] 3/ 9811465017
# c:ktfn rf]s v]dnfn kf}8]n x]Ny kf]i6   b]jr'nL rf]s hfg'sf lj=s= lji0f' lj=s= sf] cfug 9817546969
s]p/]gL rf]s nIdL k|;fb kf}8]n s]p/]gL rf]s 9867027170 b]jr'nL :s"n rf]s v]daxfb'/ em]8L b]jr'nL :s"nsf] rf}/ 9841719832
w'dfp/f] af6f] OlGb/f jfUn] 3'dfp/] af6f] rf]s   uf=lj=;= rf]s n]vaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;+o'Qm j8f sfof{nosf] k|fË0f 9806936837
cfDaf; rf]s OZj/ /]UdL cfDaf; rf]s   /fdaf; rf]s 6f]n Clif/fd g]kfnL Clif/fdsf] cfug 9806958435
9f]sfg rf]s l6sfdfof s'dfn 9f]sfg rf]s 984784629 8f8fF 6f]n /fdaf; /fdrGb| lj=s= /fdaf; rf]ssf] Snj ejg 9817593961
$ k/fgk'/ ljBf axfb'/ lj=s= a}4 u'Djf 9804219782 /fdaf; aLr 6f]n k|ydf ;f]tL dgaxfb'/ yfkfsf] cfug 9817528841
emfFqm] afns[i0f b/fO{ cfdf ;d"x ejg   /fdaf; dflyNnf] 6f]n s'naxfb'/ km]jfnL s'naxfb'/sf] 3/ 9806902743
zflGt 8fF8f g}gbQ nD;fn k/fgk'/ rf]s   /fdaf; k"j{ 6f]n u+uf e§/fO{ ydaxfb'/sf] cfug 9804214761
zflGt u}/f l;tf/fd 9sfn r'jf8L   ;Ltfaf; k"j{ 6f]n s[i0f lj=s= s[i0f lj=s=sf] cfug 9807426457

48 49
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

* b]jr'nL 6f]n g'gk|;fb afr] wgdfof afr]sf] 3/sf] cfug 9844785988 !! s'gf3f6 rf]s /d]z a= 7f8f lbJoHof]lt lg=df=lj= 9847053137
d':sfg rf]s cf]d/fh >]i7 ldlnh'nL k|f=lj= 9806946609 ;[hgf 6f]n df]xbQ ;'j]bL lbJoHof]lt lg=df=lj=  
wf/fkfgL 6f]n afa'/fd l3ld/] k|ultgu/ ;fd'bflos k':tsfno kl/;/, 9847038409
b]jr'nL :s"n rf]s nfnaxfb'/ ;f? u'?Ësf] 3/ k5fl8sf] vfnL 7fpF 9847073378
b]jk|ult 6f]n lx/faxfb'/ ;'j]bL led;]g p=df=lj=  
uf=lj=;= rf]s n]vaxfb'/ kf}8]n ;+o'Qm j8f sfof{nosf] rp/ 9806936837 k[YjLgu/ 6]saxfb'/ a/fn ;"o{ ls/0f k|f=lj=, ;]G6/ Kn6 9847042355
cf/g rf]s u'gdfof lj=s= ;+o'Qm j8f sfof{nosf] rp/ 9811476440 kfj{tL rf]s gj/fh e';fn g=kf= ejg 9857040884
tNnf] d'8faf; nfnl;+ n'+u]nL ldgaxfb'/ ;f]tLsf] vfnL hUuf 9815486775 s}nfz rf]s lhjnfn >]i7 gd"gf df=lj= 9857041231
larsf] d'8faf; sdnf ;f]tL k|lbk d]UdLsf] 3/ cuf8Lsf] vfnL 7fFp 9809159139 cf>d 6f]n k'ikf a:ofn ;"o{ ls/0f k|f=lj= 9857041282
dflyNnf] d'8faf; /fdaxfb'/ lrtf}/] k|lbk d]UdLsf] 3/ cuf8Lsf] vfnL 7fFp 9803144958 ;ft3/] 6f]n OZj/ a/fn lbJoHof]lt lg=df=lj= 9807441613
( ljzfn6f/ rf]s lji0f'k|;fb Gof}kfg] 3'dfp/] jg p= ; ejg 9803847319 !@ nIdLk'/ d]3nfn s8l/of ;]G6/Kn6 9847058042
s'gf3f6 s[i0f e§/fO{ lbJoHof]lt lg=df=lj 9847057063
vlgof rf]s g/axfb'/ c:nfdL 3'dfp/] jg p= ; 9807488974 d'lQmIf]q e'kfn kf08] gfukf]v/L afnpBfg 9867013066
:s"n rf]s /fdk|;fb >]i7 sflnsf df=lj= 9817472479 lbJogu/ eujtL lj=s= lbJo Hof]lt lg=df=lj= 9808049405
tLg3/] rf]s 6]saxfb'/ ufxf sflnsf df=lj= 9807488360 k|ult6f]n hfgsL Gof}kfg] uf}8L rf]s 9806870248
u0f]z rf]s x]daxfb'/ /fjn sflnsf df=lj= 9815407325 u}8L g]q e';fn u}8L rf]s 980802527
ldlnh'nL rf]s ledbQ bjf8L ldlnh'nL k|f=lj= 9815478739 sflnsf 6f]n k"0f{eb| e08f/L u}8L rf]s 9806978111
hgj:tL lzj k/fh'nL u}8L rf]s 9807206725
kf]v/]nL rf]s 6f]naxfb'/ ;f? vfg]kfgLsf] sfof{no 9804469298
!# efUok'/L ahf/ If]q /fwfb]jL kf}8]n hgHof]lt gd"gf df=lj= 9847073055
dgsfdgf rf]s uugl;+ cfn] jgsf] sfof{no 9811485129 af]6] 6f]n u0f]z af]6] s'f/jtL{ lg=df=lj= 9816417969
nfOG; rf]s wgdfof s8l/of dgsfdgf k|f=lj= 9812818412 af}nfxf vf]nf df]xgs'df/ kf}8]n s'df/jtL{ lg=df=lj= 9847242077
hu[t rf]s v]dgf/fo0f k+u]gL hfu[t o'jf Snj ejg 9807522151 gjhfu[lt 6f]n nIdL kf}8]n s'df/jtL{ lg=df=lj 9845178098
dlGb/ rf]s lgdk|;fb /fgf dlGb/ kl/;/ 9807534273 !$ k|ult 6f]n v]d/fh ;fksf]6f g=kf= ejg 9857041094
dxf/fhf rf]s s[i0faxfb'/ If]qL ldlnh'nL k|f=lj= 9806984095 hgHof]lt dfu{ x]d/fh bjf8L hgHof]lt gd"gf df=lj= 9844778578
!) k[YjLgu/ -k"j{6f]n_ odk|;fb e';fn k[YjL df=lj= km'naf/L rf]s dfu{ 5Gbk|;fb vgfn hgHof]lt gd"gf df=lj=  
9857040404
xfO dfu{ ;"o{ bjf8L afNdLls k|f=lj= 9857040524
k[YjLgu/ -ljr6f]n_ t'n;L/fd 3lt{ du/ k[YjL df=lj= 9847096819
afNdLls dfu{ uf]df b]jL Gof}kfg] afNdLls k|f=lj= 9847483495
eujtL 6f]n l8nf/fd e';fn ufpF3/ SnLlgs ÷gj g]kfn k|f=lj= 9847215960 hgsNof0f 6f]n l8ndfof /fgf afNdLls k|f=lj= 9847094940
hgHof]lt dfu{ kz'{/fd /]UdL hgHof]lt p=df=lj= 9847096740 kl/jt{g rf]s lx/f nfld5fg] afNdLls k|f=lj= 9847216038
s[lif dfu{ ldng rf]s zzLw/ /]UdL ufpF3/ SnLlgs/k[YjL df=lj= 9857040317 l;l4 ljgfos 6f]n ab|L kf}8]n l;l4ljgfos dlGb/ kl/;/ 9845151083
wf}nflu/L 6f]n r08Lk|;fb ;fksf]6f hgHof]lt p=df=lj= 9847216205 3'D6L 6f]n gf/fo0f 9sfn afNdLls k|f=lj= 9847539014
lz;f}3f/L nfOg d'lQm Gof}kfg] hgHof]ltsf] hUuf   SofDk; rf]s a;GtL s'j/ hgHof]lt p=df=lj=  

50 51
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf :yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

!% k|ultgu/ ahf/ g]qnfn >]i7 hgHof]lt p=df=lj= 9847213791 cg';"rL @

x]dGt >]i7 9847110006 :yfgLo ljkb hf]lvd Joj:yfkg th'{df sfo{zfnf uf]i7Ldf pkl:ylt ljj/0f
hfu[lt 6f]n hogf/fo0f ;fksf]6f dxf/fhf ;f=jgsf] ejg 9847041711
xf]dgfy h};L 9847073270
kz'klt 6f]n /f]zg s'df/ /fpt kz'klt ;f=cf=;=df=lj= 9806970452
kl/jt{g 6f]n Zofds'df/ >]i7 k|ult d=;f=jgsf] sfof{no 9847462636
gf/fo0fL k|f=lj=
gf/fo0fL 6f]n a;Gt kf]v/]n k|ult lg=df=lj= 9857040099
uf]bfjf/L 6f]n lnnaxfb'/ lj=s= k|ult lg=df=lj=  
a'4 ky 6f]n pBf]uaxfb'/ >]i7 hgHof]lt p=df=lj= 9847514666
;'j0f{ 6f]n nIdL ef/tL k|ult ;f= jgsf] sfof{no 9811536462
gofF jhf/ 6f]n Ps gf/fo0f k'8f;}gL 9805430195
!$ g+ 6f]n /Tg k|;fb ;fksf]6f 9817483960
!^ 6fuLsf]6 6f]n s[i0ff If]qL 9841590719
;[hgf 6f]n nIdL hd/s6]n 9811525279
b]jr'nL 6f]n nfnk|;fb clwsf/L  
kmf/d 6f]n 7fs'/ k|;fb l3ld/] 9845038485
l5k]gL 6f]n odnfn l3ld/] 9846651427
!& l;;jf/ 6f]n s[i0f k|;fb bfxfn 9845080643
kmf/d rf}tf/L lvdfgGb 1fjnL 9847208703
uf}/Lk"/ s[lif kmf/d 6f]n egf l;+ afr] 9807275141
Pstf 6f]n k"0f{eb| s+8]n 9814493665
>f]t M ljkb\ Joj:yfkg kfZj{lrq, @)&!

52 53
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf
:yfgLo ljkb\\ hf]lvd Joj:yfkg of]hgf

54
b]jr'nL gu/kflnsf