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Two-Dimensional Conduction:
Shape Factors
and
Dimensionless Conduction Heat Rates
Chapter 4
Sections 4.1 - 4.3
General Considerations
General Considerations
• Two-dimensional conduction:
– Temperature distribution is characterized by two spatial coordinates,
e.g., T (x,y).
– Heat flux vector is characterized by two directional components,
e.g., qx and qy.
Note the shapes of lines of constant temperature (isotherms) and heat flow lines
(adiabats).
Solution Methods
2T 2T q x, y
0
x2 y2 k
• Solution Methods:
– Exact/Analytical: Separation of Variables
Limited to simple geometries and boundary conditions.
– Approximate/Graphical q 0 : Flux Plotting
– Of limited value for quantitative considerations but a quick aid to
establishing physical insights.
We introduce again:
T T1
T2 T1
Separation of Variables
Separation of Variables:
( x, y) X ( x).Y ( y)
• Exact and approximate results for common two- and three-dimensional systems are
provided in Table 4.1(a). For example,
Rcond 2 D Sk
1 (4.21)
The Conduction Shape Factor