DIVINE WISDOM SCHOOL OF PALMAYO

Resettlement Area, Floridablanca, Pampanga

ESP 5 – St. Michael’s the Archangel

Name:__________________________________________ Date:_________________________
2nd Quarter – Lesson 5 Week 5
Paggalang sa Katutubo at Dayuhan
Ang paggalang ay isa sa mga katangian na dapat taglayin ng isang indibiwal. Sa pamamagitan
nito, naipapakita natin ang respeto natin hindi lamang sa ating sarili kung hindi pati na rin sa
ibang tao. Narito ang ilan sa pagpapakita ng paggalang sa mga katutubo at dayuhan:
1. Igalang at irespeto ang kanilang mga kaugalian.
2. Maging mapanuri sa kapaligiran at tanungin kung okay lang ba sa kanila ang gagawing
pagkilos.
3. Pagtrato sa kanila ng pantay at tama.
4. Pagbibigay ng respeto sa lahat ng pagkakataon.
5. Maaari ring gumamit ng mga salita tulad ng "please", "mister", or "miss" upang ipahayag
ang paggalang sa mga dayuhan.
Panoorin ang video sa ibaba:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tbIo9qztEn0

Sagutin ang mga sumusunod na tanong:

1. Bakit mahalaga na respetuhin ang ibang tao?
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2. Palagay ninyo ano ang binulong ng mahiwagang perlas sa dalwang bata?
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3. Ano ang natutunan ninyo sa kwento?
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Prepared by: Mrs. Lourdes M. Manansala

2nd Quarter - Lesson 5 Page 10

 DIVINE WISDOM SCHOOL OF PALMAYO
Resettlement Area, Floridablanca, Pampanga
HEKASI 5 – St. Michael’s the Archangel
Name:__________________________________________ Date:_________________________
2nd Quarter – Lesson 5 Week 5
KRISTIYANISMO
Malaki ang papel na ginampanan ng Simbahan sa pagpapatupad ng kolonyalismo. Isa sa mga
layunin na ito ay paigtingin ang paglaganap ng relihiyon. Naging pakipakinabang ang ideyang ito sa mga
Espanyol sapagkat nagkaroon sila ng dakilang dahilan ng kolonisasyon. Sa pamamagitan ng kolonisasyon
ay maililigtas ang kaluluwa ng mga katutubo sa pamamagitan ng pagtanggap nila sa bagong relihiyon at
pilit ipinaunawa na di dapat ipagpatuloy ang katutubong relihiyon na paganismo.
Ang Unang Misyon
PRAYLE
Ang mga pinadala ng Spain sa paglaganap ng Kristiyanismo sa isang misyon.
KRISTIYANISASYON
Tawag sa pagmimisyon ng mga prayle.
Miguel Lopez de Legazpi
Dumating noong 1565 sa Pilipinas at kasama niya si Andres de Urdaneta at limang paring
Augustinian. Sinundan pa ito ng iba pang paring Augustinian para italaga sa partikular na lugar na
magmimisyonan.
KURAPAROKO
Paring namumuno sa parokya.
CEBU
Unang lugar na pinagmisyonan ng mga prayle kung saan unang tumanggap ng Kristiyanismo ang
pamangkin ni Rajah Tupas na si Isabel. Sinundan ng pagbibinyag sa pito o walong batang malapit nang
mamatay, at ilan pang nagpalit ng paniniwala noong 1566 kasama rito ang isang muslim mula sa Borneo
na si Camotuan, kasama ang kanyang anak, manugang, at apo. Kalaunay, nagpabinyag din si Rajah Tupas
at ang kanyang anak na si Pisuncan at iba pang pinuno, noong Marso 1568.
Ang Pagpapatuloy ng Misyon
Lugar na pinagmisyonan
 Maynila (Tondo at Pasig)
 Gitnang Luzon
 Timog Luzon
 Ilocos
 Bahagi ng Visayas
Misyonerong Prayle
1. Augustinian (1565)
2. Franciscan (1577)
3. Jesuit (1581)
4. Dominican (1587)
5. Recollect (1606)
Mga Pagbabago at Pagpapatuloy sa Paniniwalang Panrelihiyon
1. Kung dati ay marami silang mga espiritung sinasamba, sa Kristiyanismo ay isa na lamang ang diyos na
dapat sambahin.
2. Kung dati ay nasa kababaihan ang pamumuno sa larangan ng espirituwal, sa Kristiyanismo ay nasa
kapangyarihan ng kalalakihan ang pagiging pari at walang karapatang humawak ng kapangyarihang
panrelihiyon ang kababaihan.
3. Kung dati ay walang tiyak na lugar na sambahan ng mga espiritu, sa Kristiyanismo ay mahalaga ang
pagpapatayo ng simbahan bilang banal na espasyo ng pagsamba ng mga mananampalataya.
Pinili ng mga prayle na panatilihin ang sinaunang paniniwala ng mga katutubo para maging
katanggap-tanggap ang nagong relihiyon.
1.Ang rituwal upang pasalamatan ang mga espiritu ay pinalitan ng PIYESTA kung saan ang itinatanghal
ay ang mga santo.
2. Ang paniniwala sa espiritu ay pinalitan din ng paniniwala sa santo na may kani-kaniyang larangan ding
pinangangasiwaan.
3. Ang paggamit ng holy water ay tila pagpapatuloy lamang ng kinagisnang pagpapahalaga sa tubig sa
paglilinis ng katawan at kaluluwa ng mga katutubo upang makamtan ang ginhawa.

2nd Quarter - Lesson 5 Page 9

 Malinaw ang naging pamamaraan ng mga prayle sa paglaganap ng Kristiyanismo at tanggap ito
maging ng pamahalaang kolonyal na malaki ang papel na ginampanan ng mga prayle sa paglaganap ng
kolonyalismo, kung kung nabihag ng mga conquistador ang pisikal na katawan ng mga katutubo ay
nabihag naman ng mga prayle ang kanilang mga paniniwala.
Ipinalabas ng mga Espanyol na dapat tanggapin ang kolonisasyon dahil kaakibat nito ang
kaligtasan ng kaluluwa dahil kung hindi nila sinakop ang Pilipinas ay patuloy pa ring nasa panahon ng
kadiliman ang mga katutubo kung saan sumasamba diumano ang mga katutubo sa mga demonyo at hindi
sa kinikilalang tunay na diyos.

Gawin.
Sumulat ng isang kaugalian na isinasagawa pa rin sa kasalukuyan na nagpapatunay ng sinaunang
paniniwala sa espiritu sa kapaligiran sa kabila ng pagpalaganap ng Kristiyanismo. Ipaliwanag ang iyong
sagot.
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Prepared by: Mrs. Lourdes M. Manansala

2nd Quarter - Lesson 5 Page 10

 DIVINE WISDOM SCHOOL OF PALMAYO
Resettlement Area, Floridablanca, Pampanga
HEKASI 6 – St. Therese of the Child Jesus
Name:__________________________________________ Date:_________________________
2nd Quarter – Lesson 4 Week 4

Si José Paciano Laurel y García o kilala sa pangalang Jose P. Laurel ay

ipinanganak noong Marso 9, 1891 at yumao noong Nobyembre 6, 1959. Si Jose
P. Laurel ay nanilbihan sa bansang Pilipinas bilang politiko, hukuman, at
presidente ng ikalawang republiko ng Pilipinas noong taong 1943 hanggang
1945. Ang ikalawang republiko ay ang puppet state na itinatag ng mga Hapon
noong ikalawang digmaang pandaigdig. Noong lumikas ang administrasyon ni
Manuel L. Quezon patungong Estados Unidos ay inilagay sa posisyong pangulo
si Jose P. Laurel. Hindi pa natatapos ang termino ni Manuel L. Quezon ay
nagsimula na ang termino ni Jose P. Laurel sa pagkapangulo ng bansa.

Isyu na kinaharap
Ang pagkapangulo ni Jose P. Laurel ay isa sa mga pinaka-kontrobersyal
na termino ng pangulo sa buong kasaysayan ng Pilipinas. Kilala si Jose P. Laurel
na puppet president ng mga Hapon. Ang tanging presidenteng inilagay sa
posisyon ng mga hapon para sumunod ang mamayang Pilipino sa utos nila.
Napagtanto ng mga banyagang sumakop na hindi makiki-lalahok ang mga
Pilipino sa kanilang mga layunin kung sakanila mang-gagaling ang utos. Kaya
naman ay naglagay sila ng marangal at karespe-respetong indibidwal na
magtatatag ng kanilang layunin para sa bansang Pilipinas.

Matapos ang ikalawang pandaigdigang digmaan ay kinilala si Jose P.

Laurel na taksil sa sariling bayan. Ang mga alegasyon tungkol kay Laurel ay
hindi rin nag tagal dahil sa Amnesty Proclamation ni Manuel Roxas. Sa kabila ng
pagiging kilala sa mga alegasyon na ibinato sakanya ay siya’y nabigyang
parangal sa kaniyang pag suporta sa kalayaan ng bansang Pilipinas. Nung siya’y
tinanong kung siya ba ay Pro-American o Pro-Japanese; ang kaniyang sagot ay
‘Ako’y Pro-Filipino’.

Panoorin ang maikling videong ito tungkol kay Quezon

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u5v65jzP0-E
2nd Quarter - Lesson 4 Page 9
Tanong:
Ano ang masasabi mo tungkol kay José Paciano Laurel y García?
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Prepared by: Mrs. Lourdes M. Manansala

2nd Quarter - Lesson 4 Page 10
pDIVINE WISDOM SCHOOL OF PALMAYO
Resettlement Area, Floridablanca, Pampanga
EPP 5 – St. Michael’s the Archangel
Name:__________________________________________ Date:_________________________
2nd Quarter – Lesson 4 Week 4
PAG- AALAGA NG SARILING KASUOTAN
 Ingatan ang palda ng uniform o anumang damit na may pleats.

 Huwag itong hayaang magusot sa pag- upo.

 Huwag umupo kung saan- saang lugar nang hindi marumihan ang damit o pantalon.

 Kapag namantsahan o narumihan ang damit, labhan ito kaagad para madaling matangal
at hindi gaanong kumapit sa damit ang dumi o mantsa.

 Magsuot ng angkop na kasuotan ayon sa gawain.

 Huwag gawing panlaro ang damit na pamasok sa paaralan.

 Ugaliing magsuot ng tamang damit na pantuog tulad ng pajama, daster at shorts.

 Kapag natastas ang laylayan ng damit, tahiin ito kaagad pag- uwi sa bahay upang hindi
na lumaki.

 Alagaan ang mga damit at iba pang gamit sa pamamagitan ng paglalagay ng mga ito
sa tamang lagayan.

Piliin at bilugan ang tamang sagot.

1. Alin sa sumusunod ang dapat isinusuot bilang pantulog?

2. Alin sa sumusunod ang dapat isinusuot bilang pantulog?

3. Alin sa sumusunod ang dapat isinusuot bilang pambahay?

2nd Quarter - Lesson 4 Page 6

4. Alin sa sumusunod ang dapat isinusuot bilang pambahay?

 5. Alin sa sumusunod ang dapat isinusuot bilang damit pamasyal?

6. Alin sa sumusunod ang tamang pangangalaga sa damit?

7. Alin sa sumusunod ang tamang pangangalaga sa damit?

2nd Quarter - Lesson 4 Page 7

DIVINE WISDOM SCHOOL OF PALMAYO
Resettlement Area, Floridablanca, Pampanga
TLE 6 – St. Therese of the Child Jesus
Name:__________________________________________ Date:_________________________
2nd Quarter – Lesson 4 Week 4
SEWING OF HOUSEHOLD LINENS (Kinds of Fabric)
Fabric
refers to the materials that resembles cloth. Quality of a fabric should be considered in making a
project. An easy way to tell the quality of a fabric is by its, appearance, weight and feel. A good fabric
has fine finish. The weave is even and close. The warp and woof of threads are of the same size and the
thread runs at a right angle.
Cloth/Fabric comes from plant fibers, animal fibers, or manmade synthetic fibers (nylon, darcon,
rayon).
Different Kinds of Fabrics:
1.Cotton- is best to wear in tropical countries for it absorbs perspiration and comfortable. This cloth can
be used best in shirt, blouses, duster, pajama, pillow cases and handkerchief.
Examples of cotton are: katsa, calico, viole, oxford, crepe and percale.
2. Linen – the oldest kind of fabric used in golden age. It comes from flax plant which are grown in cold
countries. It also absorbs perspiration like cotton and is comfortable to wear, some of them are thick
and thin, shiny or not.
3. Wool – This comes from the fur of lamb or sheep. It is rough, thick and warm to the body and is good
to wear on cold weather.
4. Silk – it is shiny, fine and smooth. It comes from the house or cocoon of the silkworm.
Example of this fabric are satin, brocade and taffeta.
1. Synthetic – this is a manmade fabric. It is commonly used because of the texture that doesn’t
crumple easily. It is a wash and wear kind of fabric.
Ways of Preparing Clothes/fabric for Cutting:
1.Perfecting thread fabric – it is when one thread carries the ends of the fabric from one selvage to
another. This could be done by pulling out the first thread that goes all the way across the fabric.
2.Shrinking the fabric – (unless the label states that the fabric has been pre-shrunk) it is a must that a
fabric must be shrink before sewing the garments.
Steps:
*Fold the fabric evenly in lengthwise manner with wrong side out
*Soak in lukewarm water until fabric is thoroughly saturated.
*Hang fabrics to squeeze out excess water without twisting it.
3. Pressing the fabric – test the fabrics pressing effect. Place the fabric so that it will not be creased or
stretched out or shape during pressing. Always press along the lengthwise grain of the wrong side of the
fabric.

QUESTIONS
1. What is your preferences in choosing a clothes/ linens, quality or design? Why?
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2. Why do we need to choose the right kind and quality fabric? What are the kinds of fabrics? To
what sewing project it is suited for? How to prepare clothes for cutting?
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2nd Quarter - Lesson 4 Page 7

DIVINE WISDOM SCHOOL OF PALMAYO
Resettlement Area, Floridablanca, Pampanga
Personality Development 12 - St. Matthew
Name:__________________________________________ Date:_________________________
2nd Quarter – Lesson 4 Week 4
What are Family Legacies?
All families have a set of beliefs, values, and attitudes that are passed down from generation to
generation through the messages that children receive from their parents.These then become part of the
growing child’s worldview. These beliefs are frequently conveyed unconsciously by parents and internalized
by children unknowingly and without being evaluated in terms of their validity, truthfulness, or usefulness.
They are blindly accepted. Although most obvious during the holidays, the transmission of family legacies
occurs all year long through the small events and interactions of daily living. Many of these legacies,
therefore, can be passed along without a lot of reflection on the part of the parent.
For example, you might have grown up in a house where “children were to be seen but not heard.”
Without even realizing it, you might be acting on this idea by not encouraging or even allowing your children
to voice opinions, and you may not engage in discussions and conversations with them. Without evaluating
the belief that children should not speak their minds, you may not even consider a more open approach to
hearing your children’s thoughts. You simply do what has always been done.
 Evaluating Family Legacies
Positive Legacies
Family legacies can be worth treasuring and passing on to the next generation or they may be
unhealthy and merit discarding. Being aware of your family legacies can help you to decide which beliefs and
attitudes you cherish and which you want to make a conscious effort to change.
For example, if you were raised in a family that valued “together time,” your parents may have
taught you why they thought this was important, spent time with you and your siblings, included you in
decisions about outings and vacations, and encouraged you to set aside time to be with your family. As an
adult, you may want to continue to teach and model this value for your own children. This is an example of
being aware of a positive tradition that remains important to you and that you have consciously decided to
maintain.
 Negative Legacies
On the other hand, there may be some values passed down that you decide you want to modify.
For example, you may have been raised by parents who were very strict in their discipline; they were quick to
punish, did not allow you to explain your point of view, and used humiliation as a discipline tool. As an adult
you may decide that you want to reverse that legacy. Instead of using discipline that shames your children,
you choose methods that maintain their self-esteem and your relationship with them.
 Conflicting Family Legacies
Sometimes parents are at odds with each other because they each bring their own family legacy to
the parenting table. It may not be a matter of one being right and the other wrong; they are just different
options.Yet, because parents have not stepped back and evaluated the messages they received, they may
assume that there is a “best” way to do things (their family’s way) and that any other choice is inferior.
For example, you may believe in making birthday celebrations a full day event with elaborate
planning and lots of guests, while your co-parent believes in a low-key dinner with a cake and just the
immediate family. With these different expectations and assumptions, disappointment or anger can easily
take over.
 Changing Family Legacies
If you find yourself at odds with your parenting partner or frequently frustrated with your children,
then it may be a sign that you need to look at some of your underlying beliefs.If you hear yourself repeating
words your parents said to you that you swore you would never say, you can stop and ask yourself, “What do
I really believe about this?” Once you become aware of your family legacies, you can then choose to keep,
modify, or discard them. Making changes in the messages you send to your children is not always easy and
can cause stress: new behavior may not come naturally to you; it may feel like you are being disloyal to your
parents because you are rejecting some of their values by doing things differently; and family members may
feel threatened by and resist the changes you are trying to make.
 What You Can Do
Surround yourself with people who support your growth.
Make shifts in approach gradually and thoughtfully. You want to be careful not to throw the proverbial baby
out with the bath water. There will probably be some parts of your family legacy that you choose to preserve
even as you discard other parts.
Acknowledge the struggles other family members may have with the changes you are making. Remember
that they may have been quite happy with how things were!
2nd Quarter - Lesson 4 Page 7

Gather information about healthy parenting strategies and approaches.

 
A Parting Thought
By replacing some of the negative messages you absorbed as a child with ones that are more in line with how
you want to live, you can pass on to your children more positive messages which they in turn can use when
they raise their children. You have the power to change and improve upon your family’s traditions and
heritage for generations to come!

HERE IS AN EXAMPLE OF A PERSONAL LEGACY:

To find happiness, fulfillment, and value in living, I will seek out and experience all of the pleasures and joys
that life has to offer. My core values are not limitations restraining me on this hedonistic quest for fun. Rather,
they provide a framework for identifying, pursuing, and achieving those pleasures that last the longest and are
the most satisfying. The greatest joy of all is being worthy of the respect and admiration of family, friends, and
business associates.

—Ronnie Max Oldham

QUESTION:
What Does Family Legacy Mean to You?
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What will your family legacy be?
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Prepared by: Mrs. Lourdes M. Manansala

2nd Quarter - Lesson 4 Page 8

DIVINE WISDOM SCHOOL OF PALMAYO, INC.
Resettlement Area, Floridablanca, Pampanga
Discipline in Social Science 11 - St. Paul
Name: _________________________________ Date: __________
2nd Quarter – Lesson 4 Week 4
What is Rational Choice Theory?
Rational choice theory can apply to a variety of areas, including economics, psychology and
philosophy. This theory states that individuals use their self-interests to make choices that will provide
them with the greatest benefit. People weigh their options and make the choice they think will serve
them best.How individuals decide what will serve them best is dependent on personal preferences. For
example, one individual may decide that abstaining from smoking is best for them because they want to
protect their health. Another individual will decide they want to smoke because it relieves their stress.
Although the choices are opposite, both individuals make these choices to get the best result for
themselves. Rational choice theory conflicts with some other theories in social work.
For example, psychodynamic theory states that humans seek gratification due to unconscious
processes. Conversely, rational choice theory states that there is always a rational justification for
behaviors. Individuals try to maximize their rewards because they’re worth the cost.
History of rational choice theory
Rational choice theory origins date back centuries. His essay “An Inquiry into the Nature and
Causes of the Wealth of Nations,” from 1776, proposed human nature’s tendency toward self-interest
resulted in prosperity. Smith’s term “the invisible hand” referred to unseen forces driving the free
market. Smith used the work of philosopher Thomas Hobbes’ “Leviathan” (1651) to influence his own
work. In “Leviathan,” Hobbes explained that political institution functioning was a result of individual
choices. Philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli, who wrote “The Prince” in 1513, also introduced ideas related
to rational choice theory in his treatise. Moving from economics to the social sciences, in the 1950s and
1960s, sociologists George C. Homans, Peter Blau and James Coleman promoted rational choice theory
in relation to social exchange. These social theorists stated that a rational calculation of an exchange of
costs and rewards drives social behavior.  Rational choice theory in social interactions explains why
people enter into or end individual and group relationships.
Assumptions of rational choice theory
In order to fit the criteria for rational choice theory, the following assumptions are made. All
actions are rational and are made due to considering costs and rewards. The reward of a relationship or
action must outweigh the cost for the action to be completed. When the value of the reward diminishes
below the value of the costs incurred, the person will stop the action or end the relationship. Individuals
will use the resources at their disposal to optimize their rewards. Rational choice theory expresses that
individuals are in control of their decisions. They don’t make choices because of unconscious drives,
tradition or environmental influences. They use rational considerations to weigh consequences and
potential benefits.
Applications of rational choice theory
Rational choice theory has a wide variety of applications in all types of spheres affecting human
populations.
Economics and business: Rational choice theory can explain individual purchasing behaviors.
Politics: Rational choice theory can be used to explain voting behaviors, the actions of politicians and
how political issues are handled.
Sociology: Rational choice theory can explain social phenomena. This is because all social change and
institutions occur because of individual actions.
Addiction treatment: Rational choice theory can be used to identify addiction motivations and provide
substance alternatives that are equally beneficial to patients.
When there’s a need to describe, predict and explain human behavior, rational choice theory can be
applied.
Strengths and weaknesses of rational choice theory
Rational choice theory can be helpful in understanding individual and collective behaviors. It
helps to pinpoint why people, groups and society as a whole move toward certain choices, based on
specific costs and rewards. Rational choice theory also helps to explain seemingly “irrational” behavior.
Because rational choice theory states that all behavior is rational, any type of action can be examined for
underlying rational motivations. Rational choice theory can promote inquiry and understanding, helping
differing parties, like a client and a therapist, to recognize the other’s rationale. A limitation of rational
choice theory is that it focuses on individual action. While one could say that individual action drives
large social structures, some rational choice theory critics argue the theory is too limited in its
explanation. Another weakness of rational choice theory is that it doesn’t account for intuitive reasoning
or instinct. For decisions that must be made in an instant, such as decisions that influence survival, there
may not be time to weigh the costs and benefits.
How Does Rational Choice Theory Apply to Social Work?
In social work, rational choice theory helps social workers understand the motivations of those
they work with. Using rational choice theory, social workers can uncover why their clients do certain
things and have gotten into certain situations, even when they seem unfavorable. Rational choice theory
can also help social workers when they’re designing interventions and treatments. Knowing that their
clients will make decisions based on what benefits them, social workers can use that understanding to
guide their interactions with and recommendations for their clients.
Social workers can use rational choice theory to:
Investigate the meaning behind their clients’ relationships, including with friend groups and
romantic partners, including when those relationships are abusive or seem toxic. Examine why their
clients behave in certain ways, including engaging in self-destructive behaviors and addictions.
Understand how family dynamics and social interactions affect their clients. Create a better relationship
between themselves and their clients, by positioning their work in a way that benefits the client.
Promote interventions and create treatments that their clients will want to engage in because they see
the benefits. Position resources so that clients understand how those resources will benefit them. To
optimize the use of rational choice theory in social work, social workers will need to create a thorough
assessment that takes into consideration the details of the motivations behind their clients’ behavior.
Criticism of Rational Choice Theory
One potential is that it doesn’t account for non-self-serving behavior, such as philanthropy or
helping others when there’s a cost but no reward to the individual. Rational choice theory also doesn’t
take into consideration how ethics and values might influence decisions.Another criticism is that rational
choice theory doesn’t comment on the influence of social norms. An argument against rational choice
theory is that most people follow social norms, even when they’re not benefitting from adhering to
them. Also, some critics say that rational choice theory doesn’t account for choices that are made due to
situational factors or that are context-dependent. Factors like emotional state, social context,
environmental factors and the way choices are posed to the individual may result in decisions that don’t
align with rational choice theory assumptions. Some critics also state that rational choice theory doesn’t
account for individuals who make decisions based on fixed learning rules, in that they do things because
that’s the way they’ve learned to do them—even when the decision has higher costs and fewer benefits.

QUESTIONS:
How does rational choice make decisions?
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When can a choice be called rational?

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Prepared by: Mrs. Lourdes M. Manansala

2nd Quarter - Lesson 4 Page 8