DETAILED LESSON PLAN

I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to:
1. Define the meaning of concentration of solution in their own understanding correctly;
2. Identify the importance of concentration of solution in our daily life and;
3. Solve percentage by mass and volume related problems.

II. Subject Matter:

A. Topic: Concentration of Solutions: Percentage by Mass and Volume
B. Reference: Principles of General Chemistry by Patricia Amateis pp. 130,214
C. Materials: Alcohol bottle, GSM bottle, Iodine bottle, Cartolina
D. Skills: Problem solving
E. Values: Patience, Honesty
F. Concept: The concentration of solutions may be expressed in terms of percentage of parts solute in 100 parts
solution.

III. Procedure:
Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity
A. Preliminary Activities

Greetings
Prayers
Checking of Attendance
Classroom Management

B. Review

Before we proceed to our lesson, let’s have a Sir, last meeting we have discussed about solubility.
recap from what we have discussed last
meeting.

Very Good, what else? Sir, we have also discussed about the factors that
affect solubility.

Okay, So what is solubility? Sir, solubility refers to the extent to which a solute
dissolves in a given solvent.

Very well said. And what are the factors that Sir, the factors that affects solubility are: the nature of
affect solubility? solute and solvent, temperature and pressure.

You’re right! How does the nature of solute
and solvent affects solubility?
Sir, solubility of a solute in a solvent purely depends
on the nature of both solute and solvent. A polar
solute dissolved in polar solvent. Solubility of a non-
polar solute in a solvent is a large. A polar solute has
low solubility or insoluble in a non-polar solvent.

Very good. How about temperature? Sir, for an endothermic solution, increasing the
temperature increases the solubility of solid and liquid
 solvent. However for gases, an increase in
temperature decreases solubility.

Precisely, So, how about pressure? Sir, increasing the pressure increases the solubility of
gases in liquid as it allows more gas molecules to be
intact with the solvent.

Very good!

C. Motivation

Class, I have here an ethyl alcohol, a beta Sir, they have volumetric measurement.
dine, and a Ginebra San Miguel containers.
What can you observed about their labels?

Yes. Aside from that, what else? Sir, they are examples of solution.

Good, but I am asking for what have you Sir, there are percentage of solutions and proofs
observed about their labels. Okay, what else? indicated.

Definitely! What do these percentages Sir, it means that the solution is concentrated.
implies?

You’ve go it!

D. Developmental Activities

So, what is concentration of solution? Sir, concentration of solution refers to the amount of
solute in a given amount of solvent or solute.

What do you think is the importance of Sir, it is important in the field of medicine because it
concentration of solutions in our daily life? indicate the solute needed for making medicines in
the appropriate amount needed by body of a patient.

Sir, it is important it indicates the intensity of the

Very good! What else? solution needed. For example in muriatic acid, the
concentration there is indicated to know where to use
it. Because the higher concentration, the very
corrosive it is?

Sir, dilute and concentrated.

The amount of concentration of solute in a
given amount of solvent can be expressed
qualitatively. And what are they?
Sir, dilute is a solution that contains a small
Exactly! What is dilute? proportion of solute relative to solvent.

You’re right!

A more accurate way of expressing the

amount of solute in a given amount of solvent
is in terms of percentage, molarity, molality,
normality, parts per million, and parts per
billion. But for today will be dealing with
percentage by mass and volume.
What is the formula in solving for the
percentage by mass/weight?
That’s it! Where weight of solution is equal to
weight of solution plus weight of solvent.
For example, a solution that is labeled 5%
NaCl means that there are 5g of NaCl for
every 95g of solvent or 100g of solution.
Take note that 1g is equivalent or equal to 1
mL.
Okay, let’s have a problem solving.
What is the percentage by mass of a salt
solution prepared by dissolving 11g of salt in
80g of solution?
Check. Very good!
Let’s have another example.
Express the concentration of a solution
prepared by dissolving 40g of salt in 160g of
water.
Kindly explain your work.
wt/wt %=[(mass of solute)/(mass of solution)] x
100%
Given: wt. of solute = 11g
wt. of solution = 80g
Formula:
wt/wt % = [(mass of solute)/(mass of solution)] x
100%
Solution: % by wt = 11g x 100
80g
= 0.1375 x 100
= 13.75%
Substitute the given values in the formula, 11g over
80g times 100, cancel the units of measure, 11
divided by 80 is o.1375 multiplied to 100 is 13.75%.
Given: wt. of solute = 40g
wt. of solution = 40g + 160g = 200g
Formula:
wt/wt % = [(mass of solute)/(mass of solution)] x
100%
Solution: % by wt = 40g x 100
200g
= 0.20 x 100
= 20%
Notice that there was no weight of solution given. So,
what we are going to do is to add the weight of the
solute and the solvent, 40g + 160g is 200g. Substitute
the given values in the formula, 40g over 160g times

Check. Very good!
Can you follow class?
Let’s move on to percent by volume. This is
generally used when the solute is a liquid or
gas.
What is the formula in solving the percentage
by volume?
Very good! This is widely used in determining
the alcohol content of alcoholic drinks.
The amount of alcohol in alcoholic beverages
is expressed as…..what?
That’s right! And what is the formula used for
solving the proof number?
Let’s solve.
A solution is prepared by mixing 50ml of
C2H5OH in 300 ml of distilled water. What is
the percent by volume concentration and the
proof number of the solution?
Kindly explain your work.
100, cancel the unit of measure, 40 divided by 200 is
0.2 multiplied to 100 is 20%.
Yes sir.
v/v % = [(volume of solute)/(volume of solution)] x
100%
Sir, proof number.
Sir, 2(%by volume)
Given: Vol. of solute = 50 ml
Vol. of solution = 300ml
Formula: v/v % = [(volume of solute)/(volume of
solution)] x 100%
Solution: %by vol.= ____50 ml____ x 100
50 ml + 300 ml
= 50 ml x 100
350 ml
= 0.1428 x 100
= 14.28%
Proof No. = 2(14.28)
= 28.56
The volume of the solute is 50 ml and notice that only
the volume of the solvent is given not the volume of
the solution. So, what we are going to do is to add the
volume of the solute and the volume of the solvent to
come up with the volume of the solution, 50 ml plus
300 ml is equal to 350 ml. Substitute the given and
computed values in the formula, 50 ml over 350 ml
times 100, cancel the unit of measure, 50 divided by
350 is 0.1428 multiplied to 100 is 14.28 %. To get the
proof number of the solution, we have to multiply it
 by 2, so, the answer is 28.56 proofs.

That’s correct!

Okay class, can you follow? Yes sir.

Very good. That’s the right thing to solve

when one of the values is unknown.

E. Application

Direction: Solve the following problem in

your notebook.

1. What is the percentage by mass of a sugar

solution prepared by dissolving 40g of
sugar in 120g of water?
2. A man drinks 500ml of an 86 proof wine
per week. What is his total alcohol intake
per week?
3. What weight of solute will be required to
produce 400g of a 10% solution? How
many ml be needed?

Solve on the board. 1. Given: wt. solute = 40g

wt. of solvent = 120g
Solution:

%by wt. = ______wt. of solute______ x 100

wt. of solute + wt. of solvent

= ___40g____ x 100
40g + 120g

= 40g x 100
160g

= 0.25 x 100

= 25%

2. Given: proof = 86
wt. of volume = 500ml
vol. of solute = (unknown)
%by volume = unknown

Solution:

Proof = 2(%by volume)

86 = 2(%by volume)
2 2

%by volume = 86
2
 =3

v/v % = vol. of solute x 100%

vol. of volume

3 = vol. of solute x 100%

500

Vol. of solute = 3 (500ml)

100

= 1500 ml
100

= 15 ml

3. Given: wt. of solution = 400g

%by wt. = 10g
wt. of solute = (unknown)

Solution:

% by wt. = ______wt. of solute____ x 100

wt. of solute + wt. of solvent

10 = wt. of solute x 100

400g

wt. of solute = 10(400g)

100

= 4000g
100

= 40g

Very good! All your answer are correct.

F. Generalization

Okay class, who can summarize the gist of our Sir, we discussed about concentration of solutions and
discussion this day? computation of percentage by mass and volume.

How to solve percentage by mass and volume Sir, in solving for the percentage by mass, we have to
in a given solution? use the formula

% by wt. = _______wt. of solute_____ x 100

Wt. of solute + wt. of solvent

And to solve for the percentage by volume, we have

to use the formula

v/v % = [(volume of solute)(volume of solution)] x

100%
 Very good! How about for the proof number Sir, in solving the proof number of alcoholic
for alcoholic beverages? beverages, we have to multiply the percentage by
volume by 2.

Precisely!

IV. Evaluation

Direction: In a 1 whole sheet of paper, answer the following.

Teacher’s Activity Learner’s Activity

1. How many grams of NaCl are present in a

250g of salt solution containing 9% NaCl?

2. How many ml of pure alcohol can be obtained

from 300ml of an n80 proof solution?

1. Given: wt. of solution = 250g

% solute in solution = 9
Wt. of solute = (unknown)

Solution:

%by weight= wt. of solute x 100

wt. of solution

9= wt. of solute x 100

250g

wt. of solute = 9 x 250g

100

= 2250g
100

= 22.5g

2. Given: proof = 80
Vol. of solution = 300 ml
Vol. of solute = (unknown)

P= 2(% by volume)

80 = 2(%by volume)
2 2

% by volume = 40

% by volume = vol. of solute x 100

vol. of solution

40 = vol. of solute x 100

 300 ml

Vol. of solute = 40(300ml)

100

= 12000ml
100

= 120 ml

V. Assignment

Search on the definition of molarity, molality, and normality. Write it in 1 whole sheet of paper.

Prepared by:

GLEN B. MILLAR
BSED II – General Science

Presented to:

MS. MALOU CABANAG

Subject Professor