You are on page 1of 8

:`_dVTfV_TZRdaV_R]VdiRU^Z_ZdecReZgRdUV ê

T`_UfTZcV_VdeRU`UVVScZVURU4 105
F +
T?H
yL_ecRX`^mddoZ^a`ceRz MM '
MM
:NMHK
G:<BHG:E

= I < ; ; P  I F A8J C Ä G< Q

?_ld^al mlo i^ Skfsbopfa^a Gk`^ E^o`fi^pl ab i^ Tbd^, :B


Nlpq Eo^al bk Bbob`el Nbk^i bk i^ Skfsbopfa^a ab Q^i^j^k`^ &Cpm^Å^', F
K-
K^dÄpqbo bk Bbob`el Nbk^i mlo i^ Skfsbopfa^a Gk`^ E^o`fi^pl ab i^ Tbd^, 1G)
K-
Bl`qlo bk Bbob`el mlo i^ Skfsbopfa^a L^`flk^i Dbabof`l Tfii^oob^i,

HB
M

FB
O
HB
JLD8I@F4

@( 8eV_VcV_TfV_eR4]RZ_XVdeRi]o^ZeVdUVR]T`Y`]V_]RdR_XcV(
@@( CRZ_eVcgV_TZq_a`]ZTZR](
@@@( CRacfVSRUVR]T`Y`]V^ZR( HB
M
@M( CRZ_gVdeZXRTZq_aV_R](
+( <]UV]Ze`UVT`_UfTTZq_V_VdeRU`UVVScZVURU(
,( CRRa]ZTRTZq_UV]acZ_TZaZ`UV`a`cef_ZURU(
M( }^SZe`RU^Z_ZdecReZg`(
M@( :`_dZUVcRTZ`_VdWZ_R]Vd(

ug
HB

c:D+

t
a
O

Pbkq^ fjmrq^a^ mlo mobaflp r_f`^alp bk bi buqboflo 061


?`qr^ij bkqb pljlp qbpqfdlp ab nrb krbpqo^ Qfbkal bpql ^pÄ* bp fj mloq^kqb nrb qbkd^jlp
pl`fba^a^Ékkle^fkqboflofw^albiobpmbqlmlo mobpbkqb`r}ibpplk ilp obpriq^alpab`lkar`fo
i^p kloj^pabqo}kpfql* morb_^ abbiilplk ilp irbdlabe^_bofkdbofalprpq^k`f^p^i`leÇif`^p9
`lkqfkrlp^``fabkqbpabqo}kpfqlnrbpbmolar+ vbpnrb*plilbkmofk`fmfl*bpq^`lkar`q^dbkb+
`bk ^ af^ofl ab_fal ^ nrb bi `lkar`qlo ab rk o^o} rk mbogrf`fl b`lkÇjf`l pfdkfcf`^qfsl nrb
sbeÄ`rilpbbk`lkqo^_^bkbpq^alabb_ofba^a `ljfbkw^`lki^jriq^fjmrbpq^mlobibcb`qfsl
v mlonrb jr`e^p sb`bp ^qbkafÇ ^i booÇkbl v mlif`f^i abqo}kpfql mlobi jbol eb`el ab `lk+
qbj bo^oflmbkp^jfbkqlabnrbk^a^ibm^p^oÄ^ ar`fo bk bpq^al ab b_ofba^a v mlaoÄ^ ^_^o`^o
^i `lkar`fo abpmr~p ab qlj^opb ^idrklp qo^+ e^pq^ ilp d^pqlp nrb fjmif`^k i^ l_qbk`fÇk ab
dlp,?iobpmb`ql*bk rk fkqbkqlaba^oplir`fÇk rk^ krbs^ if`bk`f^ m^o^slisbo^`lkar`fo,
^ bpqb mol_ibj ^ ab obibs^kqb Äkalib pl`f^i*
krbpqolibdfpi^aloe^bpq^_ib`fal+^ qo^s~pabi Ck bpqb pbkqfal* bk bi mobpbkqb ^k}ifpfp* m ol +
^oqÄ`ril 052 abi AÇafdl Nbk^K+ nrb pb p^k+ `babobjlp ^ abp`of_fo m^pl ^ m^pl qla^p i^p
`flk^o}mbk^ijbkqb^qla^p^nrbii^pmboplk^p `lkpb`rbk`f^p groÄaf`^p & sÄ^ `or`fp ' nrb pb
nrb`lkarw`^k rksbeÄ`rilj lqlofw^al`lki^ prp`fq^k bk bpqlp `^plp v ilp `lpqlp nrb ~pqlp
Pbsfpq^ b a fq^ a ^  m l o ^ ir j k l p  ab i^ D ^`riq^a ab B bob`el ab i^ S k fs b op fa ^ a  ab Jfj^

mobpbk`f^ab^i`lelibkprp^kdobj^vlo^.,3. ^`^oob^k^rk^mboplk^nrb`lkar`bbkbpq^al
do^j lp-ifqolbkbi`^plabsbeÄ`rilpm^oqf`ri^+ abb_ofba^a*^ bcb`qlpabqlj ^o`lk`fbk`f^ ab
obpv.,03do^j lp-ifqolbk`^plab`lkar``fÇk nrbg`fdSYa_oeJÅ[_badfS(
absbeÄ`rilpabqo^kpmloqbmÉ_if`l,?pfjfpjl*
bi ibdfpi^alo e^ qbkfal ^ _fbk p^k`flk^o bpq^ @( 8K<E<I<E:L<EK84@E><JK8PCÅD@K<J
`lkar`q^ bk bi }j _fql ^aj fkfpqo^qfsl `lkpf+ ;<8C:F?FC<E C8J8E>I<
abo}kali^ bk bi AÇafdl abRo}kpfqlv biRbuql
õkf`lMoabk^alabi^jfpj^kloj^*`ljlrk^ Ck mofk`fmfl* ab_bjlpqbkbo mobpbkqb nrb ilp
fkco^``fÇk KSWEP?TC, iÄjfqbpab^i`lelimboj fqfalbki^p^kdobabilp
`lkar`qlobp+k l j^vlo^.,3do^j lp-ifqolm^o^
Ck^qbk`fÇk^ilbpq^_ib`falmlobiibdfpi^alovpf sbeÄ`rilpm^oqf`ri^obpv.,03do^j lp-ifqolm^o^
l_pbos^jlpi^j^kbo^bknrbpbsfbkb^mif`^k+ sbeÄ`rilp abqo^kpmloqb m É _ if` l + klp fkaf`^k
albpq^ kloj^* mlaobjlp^mob`f^onrb i^ jYlag nrb*fk`irplfkdfofbkalpÇilrkllalps^plpab
kl mobqbkab pli^jbkqb bsfq^o i^ molar``fÇk rk^abqbojfk^a^_b_fa^^i`leÇif`^*mlaoÄ^jlp
ab ^``fabkqbp ab qo}kpfql ^ `lkpb`rbk`f^ ab pl_obm^p^o af`e^ ifj fq^`fÇk9 biil* abmbkabo}
`lkar`fo rk sbeÄ`ril bk bpq^al ab b_ofba^a* abi mlo`bkq^gb ab ^i`leli nrb `lkqbkd^ i^
pfklmofk`fm^ijbkqb*bsfq^obiplileb`elab`lk+ _b_fa^ v +mlo prmrbpql+ ab i^ `^kqfa^a nrb
ar`fobk bpbbpq^al* mrbp^rknrb kl pb iibdrb e^v^jlp fkdbofal,
^ molar`fo rk ^``fabkqb* i^p mol_^_fifa^abp pb
fk`objbkq^kvbk`lkpb`rbk`f^i^pp^k`flkbp^ Pbpmb`ql ^ i^ fkdbpq^ ab ^i`leli* i^ al`qofk^
fjmlkbopbmlaoÄ^kpboabÄkalib^ajfkfpqo^qfsl* bumif`^nrbbi jfpjlmrbabfkdobp^o^ krbpqol
`fsfivmbk^i, lod^kfpjl kl pÇil j baf^kqb i^ _b_fa^* pfkl

/, Ci^oqÄ`ril052abiAÇafdlNbk^iqfmfcf`^ilpfdrfbkqb8

Cinrbbk`lkqo}kalpbbkbpq^alabb_ofba^a*`lkmobpbk`f^ab^i`lelibki^p^kdobbkmolmlo`fÇkj^vloab.,3
do^jlp+ifqol* l _^glbi bcb`ql abaold^pqÇuf`^p*bpqrmbc^`fbkqbp* prpq^k`f^pmpf`lqoÇmf`^plpfkq~qf`^p*`lkar`b*
lmbo^lj^kfl_o^sbeÄ`riljlqlofw^al*pbo}obmofjfal`lkmbk^mofs^qfs^abi^if_boq^a kljbkloabpbfpjbpbp
;>PI=;NOM /05

kf j^vloabalp^Ålpl`lk mobpq^`fÇkabpbosf`flp`ljrkfq^oflpab`fk`rbkq^valp^`fbkql`r^qolglok^a^pb


fke^_fifq^`fÇk*`lkclojb^i^oqÄ`ril14fk`fpl5',

Ar^kal bi ^dbkqb mobpq^ pbosf`flp ab qo^kpmloqb mÉ_if`l ab m^p^gbolp* jbo`^k`Ä^p l `^od^ bk dbkbo^i*
bk`lkqo}kalpb bk bpq^al ab b_ofba^a* `lk mobpbk`f^ ab ^i`leli bk i^ p^kdob bk molmlo`fÇk prmbofloab .,03
do^jlp+ifqol* l _^gl bi bcb`ql ab aold^p qÇuf`^p* bpqrmbc^`fbkqbp* prpq^k`f^p mpf`lqoÇmf`^p l pfkq~qf`^p* i^ mbk^
mofs^qfs^abif_boq^apbo} kljbkloabrklkf j^vloabqobp^Ålpl`lk mobpq^`fÇkabpbosf`flp`ljrkfq^oflpab
pbqbkq^^`fbkql`r^obkq^glok^a^pbfke^_fifq^`fÇk`lkclojb^i^oqÄ`ril14*fk`fpl5',

062 :`SRRg E]XOa ?o^Sh


q^ j _ f~ k  j b a f^ k qb  l qo^ p cl oj ^ p ` l j l  i^ jbkqlp* bkqob biilp* pr q^ogbq^ ab molmfba^a* ê
fke^i^`fÇkle^pq^i^`ljfa^*vbpnrb8 al`rj bkql ab fabkqfa^a* QM?R v if`bk`f^ ab QQ
`lkar`fo &al`rj bkql nrb mlaoÄ^ nrba^o bk 105
?klYhgklmjY_mYj\Yj]dY[a{f[gfdY^afYda) F +F
mlaboabibcb`qfslmlif`f^i',Qfbibcb`qfslmlif`f^i T?+ë
\Y\\]dhj][]hlg]klm\aY\g6]f lYflg ljYlY pbmbo`^q^nrbbi`lkar`qlojrbpqo^pfdklpab MM
FH
\]hjgl]_]jdYk]_mja\Y\\]dljw^a[g [gfljY e^_bofkdbofal_b_fa^p^i`leÇif`^p*ibfkcloj^o} :NMHK
dgkh]da_jgk im]hm]\Y j]hj]k]flYjdY [gf) nrb ab_b pljbqbopb ^ rk^ pbofb ab morb_^p1 G:<BHG:E

\m[[a{fZYbgdgk]^][lgk\]dYd[g`gd( 299.@2 m^o^abqbojfk^opfpbbk`rbkqo^_^glilpbcb`qlp


=B212=<;2?2;=2964?<0<;6;12=2;12;06.  abi ^i`leli* pfqr^`fÇk nrb bp `lkpfabo^a^ mlo
A. ; A<  1292@A.1< 2; >B2 @2 2;0B2;A?2 29 i^ kloj^ ^ajfkfpqo^qfs^ `ljl rk^ fkco^``fÇk
. 90< 5< 9 $k{da\g( dyima\g g _Yk]gkg% 0<:<  `lkqo^ i^pbdrofa^a _gkYdShW(
129. 3<?: . 2; >B2 @2. 6;42?61< $Z]Za\g(
ljY_Y\g(af`YdY\g(]l[*%$***% @@@( C8 GIL<98;<8C:F?FC<D@8

Fg\]l]jeafYfl]]k im]( \]k\] ]dhmflg \] Nlpqboflojbkqb* bi fk co^ `ql o pbo} `lkar`fal .1
naklYgZb]lang(29@B72A<6;462?..90<5<9 kaf mlobi^dbkqb mlif`f^i e^`f^ i^ Aljfp^oÄ^ ab i^ C

aehgjlYjdY hj]k]flY[a{f \] \a[`YkmklYf) grofpaf``fÇk bfkj baf^q^j bkqbpbo} iibs^al^i :B


RH
[aY fadY^gjeY ]f im]dYeakeYaf_j]kYYd `bkqolj~af`lmlif`f^ij}p`bo`^kl*bkalkab* R1
ôO
gj_Yfakeg* . mobsf^ fkcloj ^`fÇk2* pb pljbqbo} ^ rk alp^gb K-
bqÄif`l3nrb`lkpfpqbbkbi^k}ifpfp`r^kqfq^qfsl MÄ
<
@@( C8@EK<IM<E:@ÇE GFC@:@8C abi mlo`bkq^gb ab ^i`leli bk rk^ jrbpqo^ ab )

pr p^kdob a bk l j fk ^a l  ^i`lelibj f^ * bu^+ QJE


Rlal `ljfbkw^ `r^kal bi bcb`qfsl mlif`f^i lo+ jbk nrb ^p`fbkab ^i `lpql ^ molufj ^a l  ab qr
K-
abk^ ^i `lkar`qlo ^ qo^s~p ab pbÅ^p l `lk pr Q-,2/,6. krbslp plibp4, Bb `l k cfoj ^ opb  W^ M
+A
pfi_^qlnrbabqbkd^ pr sbeÄ`ril*^`qlpbdrfal* WjUWea VW S^UaZa^ W` eg eS`YdW& eW ^W dW' r
F
A
pb ^`bo`^ ^ pr sbkq^kfii^ v ib plif`fq^ prp al`r+ fW`Vdo W^hWZqUg^a bad,.ZadSe1ki^if`bk`f^ GA
O
`
RH
ulg8

0, KòPOSCXAGQLCPMQ*Pli^kal,?d\]dalg\][gf\m[[a{f]f]klY\g\]]Zja]\Y\*Jfj^8GkpqfqrqlN^`Äcf`l*0./.*m,1/, `8
r
b_
1, ?oqÄ`ril 1.5* fk`fpl 0* abi AÇafdlabRo}kpfql,+ Ci bcb`qfsl mlif`f^i mlao} bufdfo ^i fkqbosbkfal nrb pb pljbq^ ^
rk^pbofbabmorb_^p*`ljlbiqbpq FME?L v-lmorb_^pab`lloafk^`fÇkv-lbnrfif_ofl*bi rplab^i`leliÄjbqol `n
+jfpjlnrb^mif`^ rk^ _lnrfii^abpb`e^_ib*bk i^ `r^inrfbk e^`bi^ morb_^plmi^ ^idrklppbdrkalp,Alk bpq^ eq
jbafa^* pb abqbojfk^ bi kfsbi ab ^i`leli bk i^ p^kdob jbaf^kqb bi ^fob nrb molsfbkb ab i^ m^oqb fkqbok^ ab l
`
ilp mrijlkbp+ v lqolp* m^o^ abqbojfk^o i^ mobpbk`f^ ab fkqluf`^`fÇk mlo `r^inrfbo prpq^k`f^ nrb ib fjmfa^ i^ C
`lloafk^`fÇk,Qrkbd^qfs^bpq^_ib`bi^mobprk`fÇkibd^ibkpr`lkqo^, ]1
b_
?oqÄ`ril1.5*fk`fpl1*abiAÇafdlabRo}kpfql,+Ciobpriq^alabi^pmorb_^pob^ifw^a^p*jbaf^kqbbnrfmlp*^m^o^qlpl M
^oqbc^`qlpeljlild^alpv-l`^if_o^alpmlobiGkpqfqrqlL^`flk^iabBbcbkp^abi^Aljmbqbk`f^vabi^Nolqb``fÇk O,
b_
abi^Nolmfba^afkqbib`qr^i&GLBCAMNG'`lkpqfqrvbjbaflmol_^qloflprcf`fbkqb, K-
b_
2, ?i obpmb`ql bp mboqfkbkqb qbkbo bk `rbkq^ nrb i^ morb_^ ab ^i`lelibjf^* `lkclojb il e^ ^prjfal krbpqo^ R1
GA
grofpmorabk`f^* kl mrbab`lkpfabo^opb iÄ`fq^jbkqb ob^ifw^a^ pf klpb ibfkcloj^ abbpqb mbafal^i fkco^`qlo, =^j* b_
A?PM AMPG?* Bfkl A^oilp,={\a_gJ]fYd6;[lmYd]k l]f\]f[aYkbmjakhjm\]f[aYd]k\]dYhjw[la[Yh]fYd* Jfj^8 E^`bq^ f-f
HroÄaf`^*0..0*m,313, <
EA
`b
3, 8dfqUg^a-,2VW^:sV[YaVWKdo`e[fa('J^ mboplk^nrbmobprkq^jbkqbpbbk`rbkqob_^glilpbcb`qlpabi^i`leli
labprpq^k`f^pbpqrmbc^`fbkqbpve^v^pfalabqb`q^a^`lkar`fbkalrksbeÄ`rilpbo}`lkar`fa^ mlobi Ccb`qfsl
ab i^ Nlif`Ä^ L^`flk^i fkqbosfkfbkqb* m^o^ biWjS_W`Wfq^[Uaafaj[Ua^sY[Ua`loobpmlkafbkqb, Ck `^plab obpriq^o L+
mlpfqfslbibu^jbkbqÄif`llqluf`liÇdf`l*pbab_bmol`baboab^`rboal^ilpbÅ^i^albkbimobpbkqbPbdi^jbkql AL
m^o^i^^mif`^`fÇkabi^p^k`fÇk`loobpmlkafbkqb,

4, Drbkqb8eqqm8--ttt,_k,`lj,mb-qo^jfqbp+bkqfa^abp+mr_if`^p-qrm^-mlif`f^+k^`flk^i,mac
d
e
5, 8dfqUg^a --* VW^ :sV[Ya VWKdo`e[fa(' Ci sbeÄ`ril ab_b pboqo^pi^a^al ^ i^ Aljfp^oÄ^ ab i^grofpaf``fÇk mlo bi
`lkar`qlol*bk`^plabnrb~pqbpbkfbdrb*rk Ccb`qfslabi^ Nlif`Ä^ L^`flk^iabi NboÉ*ab_bloabk^obiqo^pi^al O
mlo`rbkq^abi`lkar`qlolabimolmfbq^ofl,

7 ] \ a S Q c S \ Q W O a  ^ S \ O Z S a  g O R [ W \ W a b ` O b W d O a  RS Q ] \ R c Q W `  S\ S a b O R ]  RS S P ` W S R O R 0 s H \  b ` O U ]  [ka aW W [ ^ ] ` b O t  063


ab `lkar`fo(6 m^o^ prpmbkaboi^ l `^k`bi^oi^ v ^p`fbkab^i3.#abrk^Skfa^a Gjmlpfqfs^
^abj}p fke^_fifq^o ^i `lkar`qlo mlo rk mi^wl R of_rq^of^ &Q-,/*63.,..'9 eW dWfW`Vdo eg
abqbojfk^al*ab^`rboal^ i^ppfdrfbkqbp`lk+ hWZqUg^a&eWegebW`VWdoaeWUS`UW^Sdoeg
pfabo^`flkbp8 ^[UW`U[S VW Ua`VgU[d k eW ^W [`ZST[^[fSdo
m^o^ l_qbkbo krbs^ if`bk`f^ mlo rk mi^wl
/, Nlo`lkar`fo `lk mobpbk`f^ ab ^i`leli bk abqboj fk^al7
i^ p^kdob bk molmlo`fÇk j^vlo ab .,3.
do^jlp-ifqol* `ljmol_^a^ mlo bi bu^jbk 0, Nlo`lkar`fo `lk mobpbk`f^ ab ^i`leli bk
obpmb`qfsl a bad `WYSdeW S^ _[e_a4 pb i^ p^kdob bk molmlo`fÇk j ^vlo ab .,3.
p^k`flk^o}^i fkco^`qlo`lk rk^ jriq^ nrb do^jlp-ifqol* `ljmol_^a^ mlo bi bu^jbk

Sk^ sbw bk bi il`^i mlif`f^i pb ab_b ibs^kq^o rk ?`q^ bk i^ nrb pb abg^o} `lkpq^k`f^ abi bpq^al abi sbeÄ`ril
bkqobd}kalpbrk^`lmf^^i`lkar`qlolbk`^od^alabijfpjl,CisbeÄ`rilmboj^kb`bo}bkbpbird^omlorki^mpl
j}ufjlabsbfkqf`r^qol &02' elo^p* mrafbkal pboobqfo^al mlobi `lkar`qlol pr molmfbq^ofl* irbdlab e^_bopb
Pbsfpq^ b a fq^ a ^  mlo ^ ir j k l p ab i^ D ^`riq^a ab B bob`el ab i^ S k fs b op fa ^ a  ab Jfj^

prmbo^al bi eb`elnrb afllofdbk ^ i^ jbafa^ mobsbkqfs^, J^ pr_p^k^`fÇk vbi obqfol abi sbeÄ`ril ab_bo}k pbo
`ljrkf`^alp^i^Krkf`fm^ifa^aNolsfk`f^imloi^Aljfp^oÄ^fkqbosfkfbkqb,

CiAljfp^oflabi^ Nlif`Ä^ L^`flk^iabi NboÉ*pbo} obpmlkp^_ibabisbeÄ`rilbkq^kql mboj^kbw`^ obqbkfalbk i^p


fkpq^i^`flkbpabi^Aljfp^oÄ^^pr`^odl,

Tbk`falbi mi^wlabi^p02 elo^ppfk e^_bopbpr_p^k^albi eb`elnrbafllofdbk ^ i^ obqbk`fÇk*bisbeÄ`rilpbo}


abofs^al^i BbmÇpfqlKrkf`fm^iabsbeÄ`rilp &BKT',

Ckilp`^plpnrbi^jbafa^abobqbk`fÇkpbabofsbabi^`lkpq^q^`fÇkabrk^fkco^``fÇkfjmrq^_ib^mboplk^afpqfkq^
^imolmfbq^oflabisbeÄ`ril*~pqbmlao} obqfo^oilpfkmbogrf`flabi^`lkqfkr^`fÇkabi mol`bafjfbkqlobpmb`qfslabi
mobprkqlfkco^`qlo,

?ifkdobplabrksbeÄ`ril^i BKT*pbibs^kq^o}rk^`q^bkalkabpbabg^o}`lkpq^k`f^abibpq^albfksbkq^oflabi
sbeÄ`rilvpbbkqobd^o}`lmf^^i`lkar`qlo*^ibcb`qfslmlif`f^ifkqbosfkfbkqbv^i^ajfkfpqo^aloabiBKT*nrfbkpbo}
biobpmlkp^_ibabisbeÄ`ril,

6, 8dfqUg^a,33&[`U[ea.&VW^:sV[YaVWKdo`e[fa('?`qlabfk`^rq^`fÇkabial`rjbkqlnrb^rqlofw^i^`lkar``fÇkabi
sbeÄ`ril*ob^ifw^almlobibcb`qfslabi^Nlif`Ä^L^`flk^iabiNboÉ^pfdk^al^i`lkqoliabiqo}kpfql,Ar^kalpb^mifnrb
i^ mobpbkqbjbafa^ mobsbkqfs^ mloi^`ljfpfÇkabfkco^``fÇkpl_obi^nrbab_^ ob`^boi^ p^k`fÇk abQrpmbkpfÇk
abi^ Jf`bk`f^abAlkar`fo*WefS_WV[VSeW_S`fW`VdoZSefSW^bSYaWXWUf[haVW^S_g^fSUaddWeba`V[W`fWkW^
Ug_b^[_[W`faVW^SeS`U[s`VWJgebW`e[s`l*abpbobi`^pl*e^pq^ i^bumbaf`fÇkabi^obplir`fÇkab^_plir`fÇk
abimobprkqlfkco^`qlo,

Ar^kal pb ^mifnrb i^ mobpbkqb jbafa^ mobsbkqfs^ mlo i^ `ljfpfÇk ab fkco^``fÇk pl_ob i^ nrb ab_^ ob`^bo i^
p^k`fÇkabA^k`bi^`fÇkBbcfkfqfs^bGke^_fifq^`fÇkabi`lkar`qlom^o^l_qbkboJf`bk`f^abAlkar`fo*bpq^jbafa^
pb j^kqbkao} e^pq^nrbnrbabcfojb i^ obplir`fÇk ab p^k`fÇk*`^plbk bi `r^i pb mol`babo} ^ i^ fkrqfifw^`fÇk l
abpqor``fÇkabi^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo*le^pq^nrbpb^_prbis^^imobprkqlfkco^`qlo*bk`rvl`^plpbmol`babo}^
i^abslir`fÇkabi^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo,

Ci bcb`qfsl mlif`f^i nrb ^mifnrb i^ mobpbkqb jbafa^ mobsbkqfs^ ab_bo} ^almq^o i^p mobsfpflkbp abi `^pl m^o^
fjmbafonrbbi`lkar`qlo^cb`q^al`lki^jbafa^pfd^`lkar`fbkalbisbeÄ`rilfkqbosbkfal,

7, T~^pbbi8`WjaGVW^KLFVW^IWY^S_W`faVWKdo`e[fa' :gSVdaVWf[b[X[USU[s`&_g^fSek_WV[VSebdWhW`f[hSe


Sb^[UST^WeS^Se[`XdSUU[a`WeS^fdo`e[fafWddWefdW4

D(2 +  Alkar`fo bk bpq^al ab b_ofba^a `ljmol_^al `lk bi bu^jbk obpmb`qfsl l mlo kbd^opb ^i jfpjl8 ib
`loobpmlkab rk^ jriq^ abi 3.# ab i^ SGR* i^ obqbk`fÇk abi sbeÄ`ril v i^ obqbk`fÇk ab i^ if`bk`f^ ab `lkar`fo9
^af`flk^ijbkqbpbprpmbkabo}l`^k`bi^o}i^if`bk`f^ ab`lkar`foab^`rboal^i^ppfdrfbkqbp`fo`rkpq^k`f^p8
;>PI=;NOM /05

^'Nobpbk`f^ab^i`lelibki^p^kdobprmboflo^.,3.dop,-iq,e^pq^.,6.dop,-iq,;QrpmbkpfÇkabi^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo
mlo4jbpbp,

_'Nobpbk`f^ab^i`lelibki^p^kdobprmboflo^.,6/ dop,-iq,e^pq^/,.dop,-iq,;QrpmbkpfÇkabi^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo
mlo/ ^Ål,

`'Nobpbk`f^ab^i`lelibki^p^kdobprmboflo^ /,/ dop,-iq,^j}pÇ`r^kalbufpq^kbd^qfs^^ibu}jbk;QrpmbkpfÇk


abi^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fomlo0^Ålp,

(., : ` S R R g  Plg ^p ? o ^ S h


obpmb`qfsl l mlo kbd^opb ^i jfpjlk cgW bi `lkar`qlo9 aro^kqb i^ jfpj^* qbkao} nrb ê
ZSkS bSdf[U[bSVa W` g` SUU[VW`fW VW ob k a fo pr ` l oob p m l k a fb k qb  j ^ k fcb p q^ ` fÇ k 
fdo`e[fa&pbp^k`flk^o}^ifkco^`qlo`lk rk^ mlif`f^i pfbkal kb`bp^ofl bi ^pbplo^j fbkql
?Y'c
j r i q ^  n r b  ^ p ` f b k a b  ^i / . . #  a b  r k ^  SGR a b  r k  ^ _ l d ^ a l  a b cb k p l o * il  n r b  q ^ j _ f~ k  (
#J)(-&1**(**$& eW dWfW`Vdo eg hWZqUg^a& eW fj mif`^o} rk `lpql ^af`flk^i, ?i cfk ^ifw^o i^ MM
FF-
egebW`VWdo a eWUS`UW^Sdo eg ^[UW`U[S VW fksbpqfd^`fÇk* pf bi fk pqor `ql o `lkpfabo^ nrb :NMHK
i^ `lkar`q^ abi `elcbo crb abif`qfs^ +bpql pb G:<BHG:E
Ua`VgU[dkeW^W[`ZST[^[fSdom^o^ l_qbkbo
krbs^if`bk`f^mlorkmi^wlabqboj fk^al/.,/ a bqboj fk^o} _}pf`^j bkqb m lo bi obpriq^al
abialp^gbbqÄif`l+bj fqfo}rk^qbpq^almlif`f^i
A^_bpbÅ^i^onrb*bk^j_lp`^plp*pblofdfk^o}k `ljlmobprkql^rqloabiabifqlab`lkar``fÇk
d^pqlpbuqo^p`ljlilpabjlsfifw^opbbkq^ufl bk bpq^alabb_ofba^a mobsfpqlbk bi^oqÄ`ril
`lkqo^q^ork`elcbom^oqf`ri^o, 052abiAÇafdlNbk^i*al`rj bkqlmlif`f^inrb
pbo} bksf^al ^ i^ Dfp`^iÄ^ Nolsfk`f^i Nbk^i ab
?pfjfpjl* ab_bjlp ob`loa^o nrb bk `^pl ab i^ Hrofpaf``fÇk m^o^ nrb mol`ba^ ab ^`rboal
nrbbi`lkar`qlopbkfbdrb^ob^ifw^oi^pmorb_^p ^ prp^qof_r`flkbp, fc
q
fkaf`^a^pmlobibcb`qfslmlif`f^i*pbbpq^_ib`bo}
rk^ mobprk`fÇk ibd^i bk pr `lkqo^ mlo il nrb +( <^VW^[faVWUa`VgUU[s`W`WefSVaVW :B

bk bpb `^pl bi ^dbkqb mlif`f^i mlao}* bk pr WTd[WVSV( %\
b_
jljbkql* abg^o `lkpq^k`f^ ab q^i eb`el bk i^ (B
f-f
m^mbibq^ v bi fkco^`qlo mlaoÄ^ pbo abkrk`f^al Pbpmb`ql^iabifqlab`lkar``fÇkbkbpq^alab M'
<
mbk^ijbkqb mlo bi abifql ab abpl_bafbk`f^ v b_ofba^a*pbdÉkkrbpqo^grofpmorabk`f^8 T
1
obpfpqbk`f^^i^^rqlofa^aqfmfcf`^albkbi^oqÄ`ril b_
146abiAÇafdlNbk^iî , $***%!]kl]!]pa_]!im]!]d!kmb]lg!Y[lang![gf\mr[Y(
<=2?2<: .;6</?2B;C25Q0B9<: <A<?6G.1<
@M( C8@EM<JK@>8:@ÇE G<E8C =2?<2;2@A.1<122/?621.1 ka]f\g!im]!fg
ZYklY!im]!k]!]f[m]flj]!]f!]d!]klY\g!j]^]ja\g(
Ck il nrb obpmb`q^ ^i } j _ fql  mbk^i* pb a^ kafg(!]pa_]!lYeZaxf!im]!]d!\]fmf[aY\g!l]f_Y
fk f` fl  ^ rk^ fk sb pqfd^`fÇk m ob ifj fk ^ o bk i^ Yd[g`gd!]f!dY!kYf_j]!]f!hjghgj[a{f!eYqgj!\]
Aljfp^oÄ^abi ird^obkbinrbcrbfkqbosbkfal []jg!hmflg![af[g!_jYegk)daljg* &Cum,Ll,53.+
r
b_
r]

EA
/., K,7+ Alkar`fobk bpq^al abb_ofba^a `ljmol_^al `lk bi bu^jbk obpmb`qfsl l mlokbd^opb^i jfpjl vnrb %\
e^v^m^oqf`fm^albk rk^``fabkqbabqo}kpfql`lk ibpflkbpibsbp8ib`loobpmlkabrk^jriq^abi 3.#abi^ SGR*i^ f-f
c
T
obqbk`fÇkabisbeÄ`rilvi^ obqbk`fÇkabi^ if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo9^af`flk^ijbkqbpbprpmbkabo}l`^k`bi^o} &vpb
Ü
fke^_fifq^o}^i`lkar`qlo'i^if`bk`f^ ab`lkar`foab^`rboal^i^ppfdrfbkqbp`fo`rkpq^k`f^p8 1
b_
^'Nobpbk`f^ab^i`lelibki^p^kdobprmboflo^.,3.dop,-iq,e^pq^/,.dop,-iq,;QrpmbkpfÇkabi^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo c
mlo0^Ålp, U
b_
R1
_'Nobpbk`f^ab^i`lelibki^p^kdobprmboflo^/,./ dop,-iq,^j}pÇ`r^kalbufpq^kbd^qfs^^ibu^jbk;A^k`bi^`fÇk b_
abi^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fobfke^_fifq^`fÇkm^o^l_qbkbokrbs^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fomlo1^Ålp,
:K
K+/.+Alkar`fobkbpq^alabb_ofba^a`ljmol_^al`lkbibu^jbkobpmb`qfsl&`^kqfa^aab^i`lelibki^p^kdob b_
f-f
prmboflo^.,3.dop,-iq,bki^p^kdob'Çmlokbd^opb^i jfpjlvnrbe^v^m^oqf`fm^albkrk^``fabkqbabqo}kpfql`lk <
ibpflkbpdo^sbpv-ljrboqb8ib`loobpmlkabrk^jriq^abi /..#abi^SGR*i^obqbk`fÇkabisbeÄ`rilvi^obqbk`fÇk ^f
``
abi^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo9^af`flk^ijbkqbpbib`^k`bi^o}i^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fovpbfke^_fifq^o}abcfkfqfs^jbkqb
m^o^l_qbkbokrbs^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo,

++( 8dfqUg^a-02VW^:sV[Ya GW`S^('Cinrbabpl_bab`blobpfpqbi^loabk ibd^ijbkqbfjm^oqfa^ mlorkcrk`flk^ofl o++


:L
mÉ_if`lbk bi bgbo`f`flab prp^qof_r`flkbp* p^islnrbpbqo^qb ab i^ molmf^ abqbk`fÇk*pbo} obmofjfal`lk mbk^
mofs^qfs^abif_boq^akljbkloabpbfpjbpbpkfj^vloabalp^Ålp, 1
I
:gS`VaeWVWeaTWVWlUS ^SadVW`VWdWS^[lSdeWg`S`o^[e[eVWeS`YdWaVWafdaeX^g[VaeUadbadS^WecgWfW`YS (
badX[`S^[VSV VWfWd_[`SdW^ `[hW^& badUW`fS\Wa[`YWefSVWS^UaZa^&aold^pqÇuf`^pbpqrmbc^`fbkqbp*prpq^k`f^p
mpf`lqoÇmf`^plpfkq~qf`^p*i^mbk^mofs^qfs^abi^if_boq^apbo}kljbkloabpbfpjbpbpkfj^vloab`r^qol^Ålpl
5O
mobpq^`fÇkabpbosf`flp`ljrkfq^oflpabpbqbkq^^`fbkql`r^obkq^glok^a^p,

Alkpb`rbk`f^p mbk^ibp v ^ajfkfpqo^qfs^p ab `lkar`fo bk bpq^al ab b_ofba^a8êSk qo^dl j}p pÄ fjmloq^ë 065
.4+Jèj^*/1abj^owlab0..5,ABHrQ+B^q^ ilp eb`elp* bi `lkar`qlo fksbpqfd^al qfbkb i^
Hrofpmorabk`f^ /'%0 mlpf_fifa^a ab plif`fq^o ^i Dfp`^i i^ ^mif`^`fÇk
abiabkljfk^al GI@E:@G@F;<FGF IKLE@;8;+/&
Alkclojb ^ i^ `fq^ bumrbpq^* bp kb`bp^ofl ^a+ bi jfpjl nrb q^j _f~k mlao} pboplif`fq^al ab
sboqfo nrb* bk bcb`ql* klp bk`lkqo^jlp cobkqb lcf`fl mlo bi Dfp`^i, Kbaf^kqb i^ obcbofa^ cfdro^
^ rk abifql ab mbifdol* bp ab`fo* nrb pb p^k`fl+ groÄaf`^* bi Dfp`^i pb^_pqbkao} abbgbo`bo i^ ^`+
k^o}bieb`eljfpjlab`lkar`fobkbpq^alab `fÇkmbk^i^iqo^q^opbabrkabifqlnrbkl^cb`q^
b_ofba^a*pfknrbpb^kb`bp^ofl^idÉkobpriq^al do^sbjbkqbbi fkqbo~p mÉ_if`l*ab_fal^ nrbi^
^af`flk^i `ljl bi ab ibpflkbp l ab jrboqb, Ck mbk^bpq^_ib`fa^m^o^bpqbabifql+bkprbuqobjl
bpb o^wlk^jfbkql pb e^ molkrk`f^alq^j_f~k jÄkfjl+klprmbo^ ilpalp^Ålpabmbk^ mofs^+
i^grofpmorabk`f^^i^cfoj^onrb8 qfs^abif_boq^a,

?d!Y[lg!aehjm\]fl]!g! [mdhgkg! ]k! dY! Y[[a{f A^_b j bk`flk^onrb i^ ^mif`^`fÇk abi m ofk `f+
h]da_jgkY!]ehj]f\a\Y!kaf!wfaeg!\]!d]kagfYj( mflablmloqrkfa^a fjmif`^q^j _f~krk`lpql*
^Ydlwf\gd]!]d![ma\Y\g!g!\ada_]f[aY!\]Za\gk*!?d bi j fpj l cgW X^g U ft S  W ` fdW  /** k +&,**
P bsfpq^ b a fq^ a ^  m l o ^ ir j k l p  ab i^ D ^ ` r iq^ a  ab B bob`el ab i^ S k fs b op fa ^ a  ab Jfj^

\]dalg![gfljY!dY!k]_mja\Y\!h|Zda[Y(!]f!dY!eg) `gWhaeea^We&kcgWUa`ef[fgkWg` bSYabad


\Yda\Y\!\]![gf\m[aj!]f!]klY\g!\]!]Zja]\Y\!g Ua`UWbfa VW dWbSdSU[s` U[h[^ S XShad VW ^S
\jg_Y\a[[a{f(!]k!mf!\]dalg!\]!e]jY!Y[lana\Y\( JaU[WVSV&'_ a`faWefST^WU[VaeWYt` Ud[fW'
ZYklYjw!]d!`][`g! gZb]lang!\]![gf\m[aj!]f! ]d d[a VW^ =[eUS^ SfW`V[W`Va W^ `[hW^ VW Ua`'
]klY\g! j]hjg[`Y\g(! fg! ]pa_axf\gk]!Yd_|f eg_a VW S^UaZa^ bad bSdfW VW^ Ua`VgUfad(
j]kmdlY\g* &Cum, Jfj^ 4/.7+75 ab /2 ab 8e[_[e_aW^UZaXWdVWTWdoSTa`SdfS_ T[p`
bkbolab /776'%1 g` bSYa SV[U[a`S^ VW^ +*  VW^ _a`fa We'
fST ^WU[V a  S XShad VW^ D [`[efWd[a GtT^[Ua&
,( CSSb^[USU[s`VW^bd[`U[b[aVW e[` W_ TSdYa& We VW fW ` W d W` UgW`fS cgW
abadfg`[VSV( W` ^S SUfgS^[VSV Wj[efW g`S fW`VW`U[S bad
bSdfW VW S^Yg`ae =[eUS^We VW bdaUWVWd S
?iobmobpbkq^kqbabi KfkfpqboflNÉ_if`lab_bo} VW`g`U[SdVW _S`WdS V[dWUfS WefaeZWUZae
_^pq^oib`ljlfkaf`flabi^ob^ifw^`fÇkabiabif+ S^ GaVWdAgV[U[S^(
ql bk jbk`fÇk*bi obpriq^al abi bu^jbk bqÄif`l
v-l  ql u f` l iÇ d f` l /2, Gkf`f^a^ i^ fksbpqfd^`fÇk ?j_lpm^dlpab_bo}kob^ifw^opbbkrk^`rbkq^
v ob`lkl`fbkal pr obpmlkp^_fifa^a mbk^i bk abiKfkfpqboflNÉ_if`lbkbi @^k`labi^L^`fÇk,

/0, A?PMAMPG?*BfklA^oilp,Ih*!=al*(m,313,

/1, CZy\*(m,314,

/2, A^_bjbk`flk^onrb*^kfsbigraf`f^i*krbpqo^grofpmorabk`f^pbe^molkrk`f^alabi^pfdrfbkqbj^kbo^8

JYjY!im]!k]![gf^a_mj]!]kl]!lahg!h]fYd!]k!f][]kYjag!im]!k]!Y[j]\al]!Y![a]f[aY![a]jlY!im]!]d!hjg[]kY\g![gf\m[yY!km!n]`y[mdg
]f!]klY\g!\]!]Zja]\Y\(!]d!kgdg!\a[`g!\]d!]^][lang!hgda[aYd!fg!j]kmdlY!km^a[a]fl]!Y!]^][lg!\]!dg_jYj!lYd![gfna[[a{f* &Cum,
Jfj^3//+75abi07ab^dlpqlab/775',CZy\*(m,313,

FY!j]khgfkYZada\Y\!h]fYd!\]d!Y[mkY\g!fg!k{dg!]klw!hjgZY\Y!hgj!]d!exjalg!\]d![]jla^a[Y\g!\]!\gkYb]!]lyda[g!im]!YjjgbY
-*/,!_jYegk!\]!Yd[g`gd!hgj!daljg!\]!kYf_j](!kafg!Y\]ewk!hgj!dY!\][dYjY[a{f!\]d!Y[mkY\g!ima]f!j][gfg[]!im]!ege]flgk
Yfl]k!\]![gf\m[aj!km!n]`y[mdg![gfkmea{![gf!gljYk!h]jkgfYk!n]afla[mYljg!Zgl]ddYk!\]![]jn]rY* &Cum, Jfj^1264+76abi
/.abpbqfbj_obab/776'Fg]*!=al*
;>PI=;NOM /05

/3, 8dfqUg^a0*[`U[ea0*VW^8df[Ug^SVaM[YW`fWVW^:sV[YaGdaUWeS^GW`S^('CiKfkfpqboflNÉ_if`l*`lk`lkpbkqfjfbkql
bumobplabifjmrq^almlao}^_pqbkbopbabbgbo`fq^oi^^``fÇkmbk^ibk`r^inrfbo^abilppfdrfbkqbp`^plp8

#((($

0,Ar^kalpbqo^q^obababifqlpnrbmlopr fkpfdkfcf`^k`f^lprml`^cob`rbk`f^ kl^cb`qbkdo^sbjbkqbbi fkqbo~p


mÉ_if`l*p^isl`r^kali^mbk^jÄkfj^prmbobilp0&alp'^Ålpabmbk^mofs^qfs^abi^if_boq^alpber_fbob`ljbqfal
mlorkcrk`flk^oflmÉ_if`lbkbibgbo`f`flabpr`^odl,

066 :`SRRg E]XOa ?o^Sh


Dfk^ijbkqb*bpkb`bp^oflqbkbomobpbkqbq^j_f~k ê
ilp d^pqlp ^af`flk^ibp m lo i^ ` l k qo^ q^ ` fÇ k  0, <^ WjS_W` _pV[Ua nrb ab_bo} ob^ifw^opb
ab rk ^_ld^al m^o^ ildo^o bi ^o`efsl ab i^ bk `r^inrfbo Abkqol ab Q^ira ^rqlofw^al* "! &
FF
abkrk`f^ j baf^kqb i^ ^mif`^`fÇk abi `ofqbofl m^d^kali^prj^abQ-,3/,..krbslpplibp, EDO
ab lmloqrkfa^a l mlo ql a l  bi mol`bpl* bpq^ l ll
k j
objrkbo^`fÇkbps^of^_ib*`lkclojb^i^`rboal 1, Ci m^d l  ab Q-,26,3. krbslp plibp mlo :NMHK
`lk`bmql ab SV_[e[s`  bSdS dW`V[d W^ G:<BHG:E
nrbe^v^iibd^al`lkpr m^qol`fk^al,
WjS_W`VW_S`W\a&m^dlnrbpbbcb`qÉ^^
M( ÄD9@KF8;D@E@JKI8K@MF i^`rbkq^abiRlrofkdv?rqljÇsfiAir_abi
NboÉ,
Sk^sbw`lk`irfalbi mol`bplmbk^i*qla^sÄ^kl
qbojfk^ bi sÄ^ `or`fp mr bp nrba^k `rbpqflkbp 2, 8^cg[^Wd VW g` hWZqUg^a m^o^ ob^ifw^o i^p
m b k a fb k qb p  bk bi } j _ fql  ^ a j fk fp qo^ qfs l , mo}`qf`^p ab j^kbgl mobsf^p ^ i^ morb_^
A r j m ifa l  bi m i^ wl  ab pr p m b k p fÇ k  ab i^ ab j^kbgl lcf`f^i m^o^ i^ l_qbk`fÇk ab i^
if`bk`f^ ab `lkar`fo abi fkco^`qlo* bSdS baVWd if`bk`f^ ab `lkar`fo* m^d^kal i^ prj^ ab R3

aTfW`Wd g`S `gWhS ^[UW`U[S VW Ua`VgU[d& Q-,1.,..krbslpplibp*`lki^mlpf_fifa^aab
VWTWdo SbdaTSd g` :gdea VW JWYgd[VSV M[S^ ^inrfi^orksbeÄ`rilm^o^m^p^oi^morb_^ab M'
M
kJW`e[T[^[lSU[s`+0`rv^ aro^`fÇk bp ab sbfkqb j^kbgllcf`f^i, +M
b_
elo^p ib`qfs^p v kl mlao} bu`babo ab qobfkq^ R1
f-f
aÄ^p`^ibka^oflp*ab_fbkalm^d^omlobi jfpjl 3, Ci m^dl ab Q-,02,3. krbslp plibp m^o^ i^ MG
<
i^prj^^p`bkabkqb^Q-,/0.,..krbslpplibp, W_[e[s` VW ^S ^[UW`U[S VW Ua`VgU[d irbdl W
1
ab e^_bo^mol_^albibu^jbk ab j^kbgl* ä
Sk^ sbw l_qbkfal bi `boqfcf`^al nrb ^`obafqb bi`r^ipbbcb`qÉ^bkbi@^k`labi^ L^`fÇk, ^a
ug
e^_bo^mol_^albi Aroplab Qbkpf_fifw^`fÇk*bi \
k6
fkco^`qloqbkao}nrbob^ifw^oqlalpilppfdrfbkqbp M@( :FEJ@;<I8:@FE<J=@E8C<J r
^9
qo}j fqbp bufdfalp m^o^ i^ l _qbk`fÇk ab rk^ EA
M
krbs^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo8 Alkclojb ^ il bumrbpql* ^ qo^s~p abi mobpbkqb GA

^oqÄ`rilmobqbkabjlpnrbbi^qbkqlib`qloqljb M
b_
+( Jibs^obi Ugdea VWUSbSU[fSU[s`& bi jfpjl `lk`fbk`f^ ab i^p `lkpb`rbk`f^p nrb ^`^oob^
nrbqfbkbrk^aro^`fÇkabqobpaÄ^pv bufjb i^ `lkar``fÇk ab rk sbeÄ`ril bk bpq^al ab b_
eQ
abi bu^jbk bp`ofql* mlo bi `r^i m^d^o} i^ b_ofba^a9vbpnrb*pfkmbogrf`flabi^obibs^kqb
prj^abQ-, /0.,..krbslpplibp, jbk`fÇk nrb jbob`bk ilp ^do^sf^alp `r^kal OH
M
U!
M
W
Ü
Q,
b_
_
+0( 8dfqUg^a -+/ VW^ :sV[Ya VW Kdo`e[fa(' Arjmifal bi mboÄlal ab prpmbkpfÇk v-l `^k`bi^`fÇk ab i^ if`bk`f^ ab O,
`lkar`fov-lfke^_fifq^`fÇkabi`lkar`qlom^o^l_qbkbokrbs^if`bk`f^ab`lkar`fo*i^e^_fifq^`fÇkabi`lkar`qlo b_
bpq^o}`lkaf`flk^a^^i^^mol_^`fÇkabrkAroplabQbdrofa^aTf^ivQbkpf_fifw^`fÇkabi Gkco^`qlonrbfk`irfo}rk bM_
bu^jbkabmbocfimpf`liÇdf`labi`lkar`qlo, 1
GA

Ci`roplpbo}absbfkqb&0.' elo^pib`qfs^pbkrk mboÄlalnrbklbu`babo}ab1.aÄ^p`^ibka^oflvpbo}ab`rbkq^


b_
à-f
v `lpql abi `lkar`qlo, J^ ^`obafq^`fÇk abi `ropl pb ob^ifw^o} jbaf^kqb i^ `boqfcf`^`fÇk bumbafa^ mlo i^ bkqfa^a <
)A
nrb il fjm^oq^* i^ `r^i ab_bo} bpq^o mobsf^jbkqb ^rqlofw^a^ m^o^ _ofka^oaf`e^ `^m^`fq^`fÇk mlo i^ ^rqlofa^a ``
`ljmbqbkqb*ab^`rboal^i^pafpmlpf`flkbp`lkqbkfa^pbki^afob`qfs^nrbm^o^q^ibpbcb`qlp^morb_bi^Bfob``fÇk
Ebkbo^iabRo^kpmloqbRboobpqob,

Ci `rooÄ`rirj abi Aropl ab Qbdrofa^a Tf^i v Qbkpf_fifw^`fÇk abi Gkco^`qlo fk`irfo} `ljl jÄkfjl i^p pfdrfbkqbp ;MB
j^qbof^p8

?`qr^ifw^`fÇk bk i^p kloj^p ab qo}kpfql v ab i^p kloj^p mbk^ibp nrb obmofjbk i^ `lkar``fÇk bk bpq^al ab X
b_ofba^a, (
R~`kf`^pab`lkar``fÇk^i^abcbkpfs^, 5O
Nobpbkq^`fÇkab`^plpab^``fabkqbpabqo}kpfqlm^o^i^pbkpf_fifw^`fÇkabifkco^`qlo,

7 ] \ a S Q c S \ Q W O a ^ S \ O Z S a g O R [ W \ W a b ` O b W d O a RS Q ] \ R c Q W ` S\ S a b O R ] RS S P ` W S R O R 0 s H \ b ` O U ] [ka am W [ ^ ] ` b O t 067
i^ fkco^``fÇk qo^b `lkpfdl rk^ do^sb ibpfÇk l ab `^a^ `fra^a^kl `lj molj bqfal bk bsfq^o
e^pq^ i^ jrboqb* bi eb`el jfpjl ab `lkar`fo ^prj fo bi `l kqol i ab rk sli^kqb `r^kal e^
bkbpq^alabb_ofba^a*`ljlfkco^``fÇkvabifql fkdbofal _b_fa^p ^i`leÇif`^p v^pÄ^eloo^opb bi
ab mbifdoll`^pflk^ bcb`qlp mbograf`f^ibp bk bi sÄ^`or`fp abqbkbonrb^colkq^oi^pfkjfkbkqbp
m^qofj lkfl abi `lkar`qlo fkco^`qlo* abqfbj ml vmbograf`f^ibp`lkpb`rbk`f^p ibd^ibp^ i^pnrb
v ab bkdloolplp qo}jfqbp ^ bcb`qlp ab slisbo `lkiibs^oÄ^kprp^``flkbp,
^ bjmbw^o abpmr~p ab i^p do^sbp v jÉiqfmibp
p^k`flkbp nrb bi ibdfpi^alo e^ qbk fa l  ^ _fbk Cp mlobpl*nrb bpmbol nrbbpqb _obsb^oqÄ`ril
fj mlkbo^kqbbpqbqfmlab`lkar`q^p, pfos^ m^o^ nrb `^j _fbj lp ab ^ ` qfqr a * nrb
qlj bj lp `lk`fbk`f^ ab il fj m l oq^ k qb  nrb
?pÄ mrbp* pf _fbk i^ `lkar``fÇk bk bpq^al ab bp bi obpmbql ab i^p obdi^p ab qo}kpfql v nrb
b_ofba^a ab rk pfkkÉj bol ab `lkar`qlobp pfbjmobqbkd^jlp mobpbkqb i^p`lkpb`rbk`f^p
bp rk^ ob^ifa^a nrb kl mlabjlp kbd^oklp ^ ab`lkar`fobkbpq^alabb_ofba^a*mlonrbSL
^`bmq^o* i^ mlpf_fifa^a ab `^j_f^oi^ abmbkab RP?EMK?QQÄGKNMPR?,
Pbsfpq^ b a fq^ a ^  m l o ^ ir j k l p  ab i^ D ^`riq^a ab B bob`el ab i^ S k fs b op fa ^ a  ab Jfj^
;>PI=;NOM /05

07. :`SRRg E]XOa ?o^Sh

You might also like