XUDLO\D\
XUDLO\D \ XCUC K@BO@KOUÁC 5858-3 
\O\KÜ@ 32?=; 

‗ Cód no gc _`kvorscgkzclkü` no gc \cgun  

‑

_@KVOU\KNCN ^OL@DGÜBKLC NOG XOUÚ 

Xroso`tclkü` nog ^rcecjd Fk`cg  

^rcecjd quo ldad pcrto nog lursd no Xrdlosds pcrc K`bo`korác proso`tc` gds cgua`ds  

Lursd: 

XUDLO\D\ XCUC K@BO@KOUÁC

Lctonrãtkld: 

BD@ZCGO\ LCGGO, F rony C eog

eogc
crnd Lün. L8533< 

Cgua`d: 
C@NUCNO B_OVCUC, J k aay C`td`k 
C `td`k  
UCAD\ \KM_CLDGGD, Gdurno
Gdurnoss O s togc 
ogc
ZOVCGGD\ ^KLCLCGC, Xon
Xonrd
rd Guks

5858 
 

Dejotkvd Bo`orcg:

Xd`or o` prãltklc gds toacs cpro`nknds o` og lursd no Xrdlosds pcrc gc

K`bo`korác.

Dejotkvds Ospoláfklds
Xroso`tclkü` 3:
3. Notorak`cr gc fu`lkü` nog drbc`kbrcac
5. Notorak`cr og tkpd no prdlosd, y adnogd XOX\L ldrrospd`nko`to.
<. Notorak`cr gc akskü` y vkskü`, ldad
ldad pcrto no gds ogoao`tds nog pgc`ocako`td
ostrctëbkld.

Xroso`tclkü` 5:
3. Xrdpd`or cltkvkncnos
cltkvkncnos quo cpdrto` cgbú` vcgdr pcrc
pcrc to`or
to`or u`c vkskü` aãs lgcrc
nog prdnultd/sorvklkd. Aonkc`to gc lgcskfklclkü` no Xrdlosds ostrctëbklds,
lgcvo y sdpdrto.

5. Xcrc rocgkzcr u` NCX to`oads ldad dejotkvd ospoláfkld deto`or gds

skbuko`tos nctds:
c. Lc`tkncn no actorkcg
e. Nkstc`lkc Uoldrrknc
l. ^koapd no ^rcecjd rocgkzcnd
n. Oqukpd utkgkzcnd

<. Adstrcr dporclkd`os o k`spollkd`os no ac`orc lrd`dgübklc ldaek`cnc

ldaek`cnc pcrc
ofoltucr y ldaprdecr gc ofklko`lkc nog prdlosd.
>. \kapgkfklcr aonkc`to gc roproso`tclkü` brãfklc no prdlonkako`tds ggübklds,
übklds, gds
gds
prdlonkako`tds yc ostcegolknds ld` og fk` acxkakzcr gc ldaproskü` nog
prdlosd.

Xroso`tclkü` <:
3. Ld`dlor og
og fu`lkd`cako`td nog tcegord
tcegord ic`eca pcrc ogkak`cr nospornklkds no
tkpd A_NC.
5. Uocgkzcr u`c pgc`kggc
pgc`kggc no k`spollkü` pcrc notorak`cr prdegoacs o` u` skstoac.
<. Ld`dlor gc fkgdsdfác Justd c ^koapd (JK^).
>. Ld`dlor gc utkgkncn nog nkcbrcac no Xcrotd y ldad osto kno`tkfklc u` orrdr.

 
 DUBC@KBUCAC 
Gc kapdrtc`lkc no ostds osquoacs rcnklc o` quo aonkc`to oggds,
so puono ld`dlor o` fdrac prolksc og sktkd d gubcr quo go ldrrospd`no c lcnc
k`nkvknud no`trd no gc drbc`kzclkü`9 csá, tc`td gds cgtds ojolutkvds ldad og rostd
nog porsd`cg, (ospolkcgao`to og rolko`toao`to k`ldrpdrcnd), pdnrã cprolkcr
nü`no o`lcjc o` gc drbc`kzclkü` nü`no ostã ueklcnd, luãg os gc ostrulturc

bo`orcg no gc oaprosc, c qukë`os tko`o o` u` `kvog suporkdr y c qukë`os tko`o

ecjd su `kvog9 os nolkr, c quko` noeo deonolor yc qukë`os puono ac`ncr,
fclkgktc`nd gc drko`tclkü` ld` rospoltd c gd quo sorã` sus rogclkd`os no
k`torcllkü` gcedrcg, notorak`c`nd gcs jorcrquács oxksto`tos o` gc drbc`kzclkü`.
Os kapdrtc`to pcrc tdnc oaprosc, pdrquo k`nklc og pcpog d rdg quo
q uo
vc c nosoapoócr tdnd k`tobrc`to. cg prolkscr c lcnc k`nkvknud, og gubcr quo go
ldrrospd`no no`trd no gc drbc`kzclkü` bo`orcg. Xcrc luapgkr ld` acydr
ofoltkvkncn ostc fu`lkü` o` u` drbc`kbrcac, soc lucg fuoro su tcacód, noeorã
mclorso u`c oxmkeklkü` nog drbc`kbrcac o` u` gubcr vkskego pcrc tdnd og porsd`cg.

Ostc oxmkeklkü` cnoaãs no luapgkr ld` su akskü` prk`lkpcg y prkadrnkcg. no

drko`tcr cg porsd`cg, poraktkrã c gc voz drko`tcr c cquoggcs porsd`cs, lgko`tos,
vksktcs quo tko`o` cgbu`c rogclkü` ld` gc oaprosc.

Drbc`kbrcac vortklcg no gc oaprosc no ogoltrdndaëstklds

‗OGOL^UDGK@OC‑ 

 
 Gcs dfklk`cs no Csosdrác o` Acriotk`b, Csosdrác Gobcg cg kbucg quo og
nopcrtcao`td no k`fdraãtklc so ueklc` pdr noecjd no gc Boro`lkc
B oro`lkc Bo`orcg y pdr
o`lkac no gcs rcakfklclkd`os pdrquo sd` ãrocs quo noeo` erk`ncr cpdyd c tdnds
t dnds
gds nopcrtcao`tds no gc oaprosc.

F_@LKD@O\

  Fu`lkü` no gc Boro`lkc Bo`orcg. -  Gc boro`lkc os u` lcrbd quo dlupc og
nkroltdr no u`c oaprosc gd l
lucg
ucg tko`o n
no`trd
o`trd no sus aúgtkpgos fu`lkd`os,
roproso`tcr c gc sdlkoncn fro`to c torlords y lddrnk`cr tdnds gds rolursds c
trcvës nog prdlosd no pgc`ocako`td, drbc`kzclkü` nkrollkü` y ld`trdg c fk` no
gdbrcr dejotkvds ostcegolknds.
  Fu`lkü` no gc Csosdrác o` Acriotk`b. - Ostc dfklk`c  tko`o ldad
rospd`scekgkncn gc k`vostkbclkü`, og noscrrdggd y gc kapgoao`tclkü` no
ostrctobkcs pcrc quo gc oaprosc puonc cglc`zcr sus dejotkvds, soc no vo`tcs
v o`tcs
d skapgoao`to pdsklkd`cako`td no gc acrlc.
  Fu`lkü` no gc Csosdrác Gobcg. - Os og ürbc`d no csosdrcako`td rospd`scego
no csosdrcr y oaktkr dpk`kü` sdero gds csu`tds no lcrãltor juránkld c gc Cgtc
Nkrollkü` y c gcs noaãs dfklk`cs.
  Fu`lkü` no gc dfklk`c no K`fdraãtklc.
K `fdraãtklc.- Os og ãroc rospd`scego no cto`nor gcs
`oloskncnos no lüaputd, tcgos ldad gc csosdrác o` og ac`ojd no sdftwcro,
ld`fkburclkü` no oqukpd pcrc kaproskü` d ld`oxkü` c K`tor`ot, ac`to`kako`td
nog oqukpd no lüaputd k`stcgcnd y no togoldau`klclkd`os, cpdyd o` gc
nkbktcgkzclkü` no actorkcgos pcrc gc ogcedrclkü` no proso`tclkd`os ld` fk`os
ndlo`tos, puegklclkü` d cgkao`tclkü` no ecsos no nctds, y sdpdrto tël`kld
pcrc gc drbc`kzclkü` y rocgkzclkü` no nkforo`tos ovo`tds.
  Fu`lkü` nog Ãroc no Ldaprcs.  - _`d no gds pcpogos nog nopcrtcao`td no
ldaprcs os prdpdrlkd`cr tdnds gds actorkcgos `oloscrkds pcrc gc
prdnullkü` d gcs
g cs dporclkd`os nkcrkcs
n kcrkcs no gc oaprosc. Cnoaãs, os og
o`lcrbcnd no rocgkzcr
r ocgkzcr u`c
u `c ovcguclkü` ld`tk`uc
l d`tk`uc no sk gds actorkcgos
actor kcgos
rolkeknds luo`tc` ld` og aojdr prolkd pdskego,   ld` og dejotkvd no acxkakzcr
gds eo`ofklkds. Ostd puono sor noscfkc`to pcrc u`c poquoóc oaprosc quo
puono ldaprcr o` lc`tkncnos ao`dros quo u` brc` vo`nondr, cnoaãs quo
`d rolkekrã og aksad tkpd no nosluo`tds. [ sorã u` trcecjd ggovcnd o`

 
 ld`ju`td ld` og nopcrtcao`td no ld`tcekgkncn, csoburã`ndso no quo mcy
sufklko`to lcpktcg ldad pcrc ldaprcr gds sorvklkds d prdnultds `oloscrkds.  
  Fu`lkü` nog Ãroc no Vo`tcs.  - \o csoburc` no quo gds ldaprcndros ostë`


fogklos, csá ldad

l dad no k`to`tcr cuao`tcr gcs vo`tcs
v o`tcs no gds aksads. Gc
nkvkskü` ostã o` ld`tcltd ld`tk`ud ld` gds lgko`tos c trcvës no o`luostcs,
dfortcs ospolkcgos o k`to`tc rosdgvor gds prdegoacs quo puonc` lcuscr c

gc oaprosc gc përnknc no lgko`tos. 

lgko`tos.  
  Fu`lkü` no gc Dfklk`c no Cgaclë`. - \o o`lcrbc` no gc roloplkü` no gc


aorlc`lác, quo ld`sksto o` ncr o`trcnc c gcs aorlc`lács quo o`vác` gds
prdvoondros. ^caekë` so o`lcrbc` nog cgaclo`cako`td prdpkcao`to nklmd
quo os ueklcr gc aorlc`lác o` gcs zd`cs knü`ocs pcrc cllonor c oggcs
fãlkgao`to, pcrc gd lucg usc` aonkds fkjds ldad ostc`torács y aonkds no
trc`spdrto k`tor`d ldad lcrrotkggcs d ogovcndros. [ so o`lcrbc` no gc
ld`sorvclkü` y ac`to`kako`td. Dtrc fu`lkü` lgcvo ld`sksto o` notorak`cr gc
lc`tkncn no lcnc prdnultd y gc froluo`lkc ld` gc quo so sdgklktc lcnc ponknd

vorkfklc`nd og ICUNO] pcrc u`c euo`c ofklko`lkc o` og cecstolkako`td.

  Fu`lkü` no gc dfklk`c no Ld`tcekgkncn. - Os  rospd`scego nog ld`trdg no


bcstds o k`brosds y no gc sktuclkü` fk`c`lkorc no gc oaprosc,

o aprosc, cnoaãs no sceor
gds lderds y pcbds po`nko`tos . 
  Fu`lkü` no gc dfklk`c no Uolursds Muac`ds.
  “  \us fu`lkd`os so puono`
nkvknkr o`:  
  Fu`lkü` no oapgod 
Ostc fu`lkü` tko`o ldad dejotkvd prdvoor c gc oaprosc no gds rolursds
muac`ds knü`ods o` ecso c u`c cnolucnc pgc`oclkü`, tc`td o` lc`tkncn
ldad o` lcgkncn, pcrc noscrrdggcr tdnds gds prdlosds nog `obdlkd.
Ldapro`no gc ojolulkü` no gds prdlosds skbuko`tos:
3. Uolgutcako`td: ld`sksto euslcr y ctrcor sdgklktc`tos lcpclos pcrc luerkr
gcs vclc`tos quo so proso`to`.
5. \ogollkü`: C`cgkzcr gcs mcekgkncnos, cptktunos, lcpclkncnos y
lucgkncnos no gds sdgklktc`tos c fk` no nolknkr, sdero ecsos dejotkvcs, luãg
tko`o` acydr pdto`lkcg pcrc og nosoapoód no u` puostd y pdskekgkncnos
no u` noscrrdggd futurd, tc`td porsd`cg ldad no gc drbc`kzclkü`.
drbc`kzclkü`.

 
 <. Ld`trctclkü`: Fdracgkzcr ld` cpobd c gc Goy gc futurc rogclkü` no trcecjd
pcrc bcrc`tkzcr gds k`torosos, norolmds y noeoros tc`td nog trcecjcndr
ldad no gc oaprosc.
>. K`nullkü`: Xrdpdrlkd`cr cg oapgocnd no `uovd k`brosd k`fdraclkü`
rogctkvc c gcs k`stcgclkd`os no gc oaprosc, puostd no trcecjd y brupds
sdlkcgos oxksto`tos c fk` no gdbrcr u`c kno`tkfklclkü` ld` gc drbc`kzclkü`.

?. Vo`lkako`td no ld`trctd no trcecjd y nospknd: Bostkd`cr gc

nosvk`lugclkü` nog oapgocnd ld` su puostd no trcecjd y gc oaprosc.
  Fu`lkü` cnak`kstrclkü` nog porsd`cg 
Ld`sksto o` bostkd`cr gds trãaktos no lcrãltor juránkld y cnak`kstrctkvd
rogclkd`cnds ld` og porsd`cg, so k`tobrc` cltkvkncnos o`tro gcs quo
nostclc`, gc sogollkü` y fdracgkzclkü` no gds ld`trctds quo so suslrkeo`
ld` gds trcecjcndros. ^rcaktclkü` no `üak`cs y soburds sdlkcgos. Ld`trdg
no gds norolmds y noeoros no gds trcecjcndros (poraksds, vclclkd`os,
advkgkncn, scgun gcedrcg, soburkncn o mkbko`o o` og trcecjd, otl.). Ld`trdg no

csksto`lkc. Cspoltds rogctkvds c gc nkslkpgk`c nog porsd`cg.

Ostc fu`lkü` porskbuo ac`to`or y aojdrcr gcs euo`cs rogclkd`os muac`cs
y gcedrcgos o`tro oapgocnd y oapgocndr.
  Fu`lkü` \oburkncn o Mkbko`o o` og trcecjd 
Os og ld`ju`td no ld`dlkako`tds y tël`klcs nonklcncs c rold`dlor, ovcgucr
y ld`trdgcr cquoggds fcltdros nog caeko`to, pskldgübklds d to`skd`cgos, quo
prdvko`o` nog trcecjd y puono` lcuscr o`foraoncnos, cllkno`tos d
notorkdrcr gc scgun. Noscrrdggcr y ac`to`or k`stcgclkd`os y prdlonkako`tds
pcrc provo`kr cllkno`tos no trcecjd y o`foraoncnos prdfoskd`cgos.

  Fu`lkü` no gc Dfklk`c no Xrosupuostds. - \o rogclkd`c ld` og Ld`trdg

fk`c`lkord no gc drbc`kzclkü`. Og ld`trdg prosupuostcrkd os og prdlosd no
nosluerkr quë os gd quo so ostã mclko`nd, ldapcrc`nd gds rosugtcnds
ld` sus nctds prosupuostcnds ldrrospd`nko`tos
ldrrospd`nko`tos pcrc vorkfklcr gds gdbrds d
roaonkcr gcs nkforo`lkcs.  
 

^KXD NO XUDLO\D\

  Xrdlosd s
sobú`
obú` su dejotkvd: N O \ O U V K L KKD
dejotkvd: D\ 

(pdr erk`ncr u` sorvklkd, u` eko` k`tc`bkego).

  Xrdlosd sobú` su lc`tkncn y brcnd no porsd`cgkzclkü`: O @ GK @ O C  
lc`tkncn
(Noeknd c quo gds rolursds so drbc`kzc` o`tdr`d c u` sorvklkd,
ostc`ncrkzcnd y cgaclo`cnd osporc`nd og adao`td o` quo og lgko`to
mcbc u` ponknd).

 ^KXD NO O@FDS_O: O @ F D S_
S_O N O X U D L O \ D \  

3. Uobkstrcr lgko`to
5. Uobkstrcr prdnultds
<. Uobkstrcr ponknd no lgko`to
>. Ld`sugtcr lctãgdbd no p
prdnultds
rdnultds (pcrc vorkfklc
vorkfklcrr oxk
oxksto`lkc
sto`lkc no
prdnultd)
?. Cprdecr nosluo`td c ponknds (boro`lkc bo`orcg)
6. Lc`logcr ponknds o` ofoltkvd
2. Lc`logcr ponknds ld` tcrjotc
=. Og no
nopcrtcao`td
pcrtcao`td no lc
lcjc
jc bo`o
bo`orc
rc gc edgotc n
no
o lc`
lc`logclkü`
logclkü` cg lgko`to.
;. Cgaclo`os, propcrc og nospclmd no crtálugds pcrc og lgk
lgko`to
o`to
o`trobã`ndgds cg nopcrtcao`td no ‗O`trobc cg lgko`to‑. 
lgko`to‑.  
38. Og cgaclë` noslcrbc no su Icrnox gc lc`tkncn no prdnultds
o`trobcnds cg lgko`to.
33. Og noptd. no ‗O`trobc cg Lgko`to‑,
L gko`to‑, vorkfklc gds prdnultds c o`trobcr cg
lgko`to.
35. Og Nptd. no ‗o`trobc cg lgko`to‑, vorkfklc gd lc`logcnd o` gc edgotc no
 vo`tc ld` gds prdnultds c o`trobcr.
3<. Og noptd.
noptd. no ‗O`trobc cg Lgko`to‑, robkstrc gc o`trobc mclko`nd fkracr cg
lgko`to u`c ‗Buác no o`trobc‑.

AK\KD@ [ VK\KD@

\dadss u`
\dad u`c
c oa
oaprpros
osc
c ld
ld`
` gc ao
aojdjdrr cg
cgto
tor`
r`ct
ctkv
kvc
c no
nogg ao
aorrlc
lcnd
nd
poruc`
por uc`d,
d, o` gc vo`
vo`tc
tc no pr
prdnu
dnultd
ltdss ogo
ogoltr
ltrdnd
dndaës
aëstkl
tklds
ds no cgt
cgtc
c
lcg
cgkn
kncn
cn,, bcr
crc
c`tk
tkzzã`
ã`nd
ndgo
go u` oxlo loggo`
o`to
to y rãp ãpkn
kndd sosorv
rvkl
klkd
kd,,
sctksfclko`nd gcs `oloskncnos no `uostrds lgko`tos.

\or o` gds prüxkads ? códs gánor nog pcás, o` gc vo`tc no

ogoltrdndaëstklds y nkvorskfklcr ld` `uovcs tol`dgdbács o` prdnultds
acrlc`
acr lc`ndnd cgt
cgtcs
cs to`
to`no`
no`lkc
lkcss no vo
vo`t
`tcs
cs y sor
sorvkl
vklkds
kds no cgt
cgtc
c lc
lcgkn
gkncn,
cn,
fknogkzc`nd
fknogkzc`nd c `uostrds lgko`tos.

  5.- ACXC NO XUDLO\D\

_` acpc no prdlosds os u` nkcbrcac no vcgdr quo roproso`tc, c ac`orc no k`vo`tcrkd

brãfkld, gds prdlosds no u`c drbc`kzclkü` o` fdrac k`torrogclkd`cnc. Og acpc no prdlosds roldbo
gc k`torrogclkü` no tdnds gds prdlosds quo rocgkzc u`c drbc`kzclkü`.

^kpds no Xrdlosds:

3. Xrdlosds lgcvos: sd`
lgcvos: sd` cquoggds nkroltcao`to vk`lugcnds c gds eko`os prdnulknds d c gds
sorvklkds quo so prostc` y, o` ld`soluo`lkc, drko`tcnds cg lgko`to/usucrkd. Lo`trcnds o`
cpdrtcr vcgdr, su rosugtcnd os porlkeknd nkroltcao`to pdr og lgko`to d usucrkd. Xdr gd bo`orcg,

o` gc ojolulkü` no ostds prdlosds k`torvko`o`

k`torv ko`o` vcrkcs ãrocs fu`lkd`cgos
fu`lkd`cg os y sd` gds quo oapgoc`
 gds acydros rolursds.
5. Xrdlosds ostrctëbklds: sd`
ostrctëbklds: sd` cquoggds ostcegolknds pdr gc cgtc nkrollkü` pcrc nofk`kr lüad
dporc og `obdlkd y lüad so lroc vcgdr. Ld`stktuyo` og sdpdrto no gc tdac no nolkskd`os
rogclkd`cncs ld` gc pgc`kfklclkü`, gcs ostrctobkcs y gcs aojdrcs o` gc drbc`kzclkü`. ^caekë`
prdpdrlkd`c` nkroltrklos y gáaktos cg rostd no gds prdlosds. Ojoapgds no prdlosds
ostrctëbklds sd` gc ldau`klclkü` k`tor`c, gc ldau`klclkü` ld` og lgko`to, og acriotk`b, og
nksoód, gc rovkskü` nog skstoac, gc pgc`kfklclkü` ostrctëbklc, og nksoód no pgc`os no ostunkds,
o`tro dtrds.

<. Xrdlosds no cpdyd d sdpdrto: sd`

sdpdrto: sd` cquoggds quo skrvo` no sdpdrto c gds prdlosds lgcvos y
c gds prdlosds ostrctëbklds. O` aulmds lcsds, ostds prdlosds sd` notorak`c`tos pcrc
ld`sobukr gds dejotkvds no gds prdlosds nkrkbknds c luerkr gcs `oloskncnos y oxpoltctkvcs no
gds lgko`tos d usucrkds. Ojoapgds no prdlosds no cpdyd d sdpdrto: fdraclkü`, ldaprcs,
cunktdrács k`tor`cs, k`fdraãtklc, otl.

ACXC NO XUDLO\D\ XCUC OG LC\D NO GC VO@^C NO OGOL^UDNDAO\^KLD\

 

NO\CUUDGGD NOG NCX

NCX XCUC
 XCUC OG LC\D NO GC VO@^C NO OGOL^UDNDAO\^KLD\
OGOL^UDNDAO\^KLD\  

Os u`c roproso`tclkü` brcfklc skaedgklc no u` trcecjd rocgkzcnd, nd`no so vo og tkoapd y nkstc`lkc quo roldrro gc prdnullkü` d
sorvklkd, kno`tkfklc`nd gc dporclkü`, trc`spdrto, noadrc, k`spollkü`, cgaclë`. Os nolkr auostrc tdncs gc otcpcs no u` prdlosd.

>.NDX XCUC OG LC\D NO VO@^C NO OGOL^UDNDAO\^KLD\

Og nkcbrcac no Dporclkd`os nog Xrdlosd, os gc roproso`tclkü` brãfklc no eko` d sorvklkd adstrc`nd gcs
dporclkd`os ldaek`cncs o k`spollkd`os, nd`no sdgd so auostrc` gcs prk`lkpcgos
prk`l kpcgos dporclkd`os ogkak`c`nd
gds ggcacnds ‗lorrds‑ nog NCX pcrc vorkfklcr su ofklko`lkc. Lgcrkfklc, aojdrc gc nkspdsklkü` o kno`tkfklc gc
actorkc prkac y solu`ncrkc.

K@KLKD

Ld`sugtcr og 3º ogoao`td no
prdnultd o` og k`spollkü`
cgaclë`

Uobkstrcr og 3º ogoao`td
ponknd nog no dporclkü`
 prdnultd

Ld`sugtcr 5º ogoao`td
fclturc d
edgotc
no dporclkü`

Uobkstrcr <º ogoao`td

Xcbd nog
ponknd
no dporclkü`

Cltucgkzcr no 5º ogoao`td no
Icrnox d
k`vo`tcrkd k`spollkü`

Xropcrcr crtklugd <º ogoao`td no

o`vdgvkë`ndgd y k`spollkü`
robkstrc`nd

Vorkfklcr gc >º ogoao`td no

lc`logclkü`
no gc edgotc
dporclkü`

Uobkstrcr ?º ogoao`td no
”Buác no
o`trobc‛ nog
dporclkü`

O`trobcr k`cg 6º ogoao`td

no
edgotc/fcltur
no dporclkü`
 

FK@

FG_JDBUCAC XCUC OG LC\D NO GC VO@^C NO OGOL^UDNDAO\^KLD\

OGOL^UDNDAO\^KLD\  

Os u`cprdlonkako`tds.
ostds roproso`tclkü`Luo`tc
brãfklc ld`
quo vcrkcs
os ogcedrcnd pcrc desorvcr
skaedgdbács desorvcr gds
pcrc quo prdlonkako`tds
to`bc gübklds, su fk`cgkncn
u` aojdr o`to`nkako`td os gc  skapgkfklclkü` y ldaproskü` no
nog prdlosd.
 

^OULOU CVC@LO NOG ^UCECJD FK@CG  

Oaprosc Jdm`sd` & Jdm`sd` nog Xorú \.C. Oaprosc nonklcnc c gc ac`ufclturc
no prdnultds no sc`kncn, lukncnd y gkapkozc ostëtklc pcrc ld`trkeukr ld` gc
scguerkncn púegklc, o`trobc`nd
o`trobc `nd prdnultds no cgtc lcgkncn pcrc og aojdr eo`ofklkd
c`tksëptkld, no lukncnd fclkcg y dtrds.
3. Noscrrdggd no gc prkaorc cltkvkncn. 
Fdraugcr u` tcegord Ic`eca pcrc ogkak`cr 5 tkpds no nospornklkds nog
tkpd A_NC o` u`c oaprosc no tkpd K`nustrkcg.
K`n ustrkcg. 
Og tcegord Ic`eca `ds cyunc c vksucgkzcr,
cnak`kstrcr y rocgkzcr u` sobukako`td no
gcs cltkvkncnos kapdrtc`tos pcrc noscrrdggcr
ofklko`toao`to og prdlosd.
O` ostc cltkvkncn so noscrrdggcrã pcrc
ogkak`cr
5 tkpd no nospornklkds tkpd A_NC. Osto tkpd
no nospornklkd os luc`nd so utkgkzc` aãs
rolursds no gd aá`kad quo so roqukoro,
puono` sor
rolursds no (tkoapd, actorkcgos, trcecjd, otl.). Ojoapgd: Cskb`cr u` tkoapd
acydr cg dporcndr o` su cltkvkncn, sceko`nd quo osc cltkvkncn so noscrrdggc
o` ao`ds tkoapd. Cnqukrkr aãs k`suads no gd quo so `olosktc pcrc noscrrdggcr
noscrrdgg cr
u`c cltkvkncn.

O` og skbuko`to lucnrd so vo gcs auncs quo so ogkak`crd` o` osto prdlosd ld`

Ic `eca. 
og tcegord Ic`eca.
 
@º  NO\XOUNKLKD\ ^KXD A_NC  ^KXD A_NC 

Ogkak`clkü` no gcs nofklko`lkcs o` og prdlosd

3  No ‗Nofoltds‑.
no ac`ufclturc pcrc gc lcgkncn nog prdnultd. 

Ogkak`clkü` no gc sderoprdnullkü` pcrc u`c

5  No ‗\deroprdnullkü` ‑. 
ofklko`to prdnullkü` o` gcs noac`ncs. 
 

 
^kpd Aunc: No Nofoltds

@daero nog prdlosd:

Ld`trdgcr y Vorkfklcr nofoltds o` gc Xrdnullkü`.

Xcrc rocgkzcr gc prdnullkü` no jced`os no tdlcndr o` gc oaprosc ] so roqukoro

no ncr u` ld`trdg y vorkfklclkü` o` gds prdlosds no prdnullkü` pcrc ncrgo gc euo`c
lcgkncn tko`o `uostrc acrlc o` og aorlcnd, pcrc lucg so noeo ojolutcr u`c
sorko no prdlosds, quko` so o`lcrbc og Nopcrtcao`td no Xrdnullkü`:

c) Uoloplkü`cr no gc `uovc actorkc prkac (Brcsc

(Brcsc C`kacg, Clokto Vobotcg,
\dsc Lcustklc, Ldgdr @cturcg, Crdac) nog <8 no jugkd cg <3 no jugkd.  
e) Vorkfklcr no lcgkncn no gc actorkc prkac, quo so o`luo`tro o` gcs
ld`nklkd`os ldrroltcs nog 3 no cbdstd cg 5 no cbdstd. 
l) \cpd`kfklcr y ndskfklcr c gc actorkc prkac,
prkac, ogkak`c`nd gc pcstc quo
quo `d mkzd
rocllkü` nog < no cbdstd cg > no cbdstd. 
n) Cld`nklkd`cr, ld`trdgcr gc muaoncn, so ogkak`ü gds pogos d gd`jcs quo `d
luapgkord` ld` gc muaoncn nog ? no cbdstd cg 6 no cbdstd. 
o) Oxtrukr, Vorkfklcr og Ldrto y ^rdquogcnd. \o ogkak`ü gds oxlono`tos no gds
trdquogcnds nog 2 no cbdstd cg = no cbdstd. 
f) Oapcquotcr, vorkfklcr og oapcquotcnd pcrc gc vo`tc nog 38
oapcquotcnd nog prdnultd pcrc
no cbdstd cg 33 no cbdstd.
cb dstd. 

Ostcnds nog Xrdlosd:

 C. Uoloplkü`cr Actorkc Xrkac.
E. Vorkfklcr Actorkc Xrkac.
L. \cpd`kfklcr prdnullkü`.
N. Cld`nklkd`cr prdnullkü`.
O. Oxtrukr no prdnullkü`.
F. Oapcquotcr no prdnullkü`.

 
 ^CEGOUD IC@ECA “ OGKAK@C@ND NO\XOUNKLKD NO ^KXD A_NC NO ‗NOFOL^D\‑

@DAEUO NOG UOLOXLKÜ@CU VOUKFKLCU \CXD@KFKLCU CLD@NKLKD@CU O]^U_KU OAXCS_O^CU

XUDLO\D AC^OUKC XUKAC AC^OUKC XUKAC XUDN_LLKÜ@ XUDN_LLKÜ@ XUDN_LLKÜ@ XUDN_LLKÜ@

Nosno og 3
no cbdstd cg
LD@^UDGCU 5 no cbdstd Nosno og < Nosno og ? Nosno og 2 Nosno og 38
[ VOUKFKLCU Nosno og <8 no cbdstd cg no cbdstd cg no cbdstd cg
no cbdstd cg
NOFOL^D\ no jugkd cg <3 Cvc`lo: 28%
> no cbdstd 6 no cbdstd = no cbdstd 33 no cbdstd
nog <8 no no jugkd Fcgtc: <8% Cvc`lo 8% Cvc`lo 8% Cvc`lo 8% Cvc`lo 8%
 jugkd cg 33 no Cvc`lo 388%
cbdstd Adtkvd: \o
Fcgtc 388% Fcgtc 388% Fcgtc 388% Fcgtc 388%
o`ld`trü
A.X. o` acg
ostcnd

^kpd no Aunc: No \deroprdnullkü`

@daero nog prdlosd:

Ld`trdgcr y ogkak`cr oxlosds no sderoprdnullkü`.

Xcrc rocgkzcr u`c prdnullkü` ldrroltc y `d nospornklkcr o` oxlosds pdr fcgtc no

ld`trdg o` gcs lc`tkncnos noac`ncncs, so roqukoro to`or u` ld`trdg o` og
prdloscako`td pcrc cglc`zcr y `d sderopcscr gc lc`tkncn no jced`os quo roqukoro`
`uostrds lgko`tos, so noeo` ojolutcr u`c sorko no prdlosds, gds lucgos sd`
ojolutcnds pdr og Nopcrtcao`td no Xrdnullkü`.

c) K`broscr gcs `uovcs noac`ncs no ldaprc pcrc gc prdnullkü`, (zd`c: Gkac

Aotrdpdgktc`c, Xrdvk`lkc, Oxtorkdr) nog 3? no jugkd cg 5? no jugkd  
e) Vorkfklcr gcs acquk`crkcs pcrc u` ldrroltd fu`lkd`cako`td y luerkr
ofklko`toao`to gcs noac`ncs. Nog 56 no jugkd cg 5= no jugkd 
l) K`klkcr og prdloscako`td no gc actorkc prkac nog < no cbdstd cg > no
cbdstd. 
n) Ld`trdgcr gc prdnullkü` o` gdtos poquoóds y akxtds. Nog > no cbdstd cg =
 no cbdstd.
o) Oqukgkercr y Ecgc`locr gc gá`oc no prdnullkü` nog = no cbdstd cg ; no
cbdstd.
f) ^orak`cr gc prdnullkü` noac`ncnc. Nog 38 no cbdstd cg 33 no cbdstd.

Ostcnds nog Xrdlosd:

 C. K`broscr noac`ncs.
E. Vorkfklcr gcs acquk`cs.
L. Xrdloscr Actorkc
Actorkc Xrkac.
N. Ld`trdgcr gdtos poquoóds y akxtds.
O. Ecgc`locr prdnullkü`.
F. ^orak`cr prdnullkü`.

^CEGOUD IC@ECA “ OGKAK@C@ND NO\XOUNKLKD NO ^KXD A_NC NO ‗\DEUOXUDN_LLKÜ@‑

@DAEUO NOG K@BUO\CU OVCG_CU XUDLO\CU LD@^UDGCU ECGC@LOCU ^OUAK@CU

XUDLO\D NOAC@NC\ ACS_K@CUKC\ AC^OUKC XUKAC GD^O\ XUDN_LLKÜ@ XUDN_LLKÜ@

Nosno og 38
no cbdstd cg
33 no cbdstd
LD@^UDGCU Nosno og 3? Nosno og < Nosno og > Nosno og =
Nosno og 56 Cvc`lo: ;?%
[ OGKAK@CU no jugkd cg 5? no cbdstd cg no cbdstd cg no cbdstd cg
no jugkd cg 5=
\DEUOXUDN no jugkd > no cbdstd = no cbdstd ; no cbdstd Fcgtc: ?%
no jugkd
_LLKÜ@ nog
Cvc`lo 388% Cvc`lo Cvc`lo 388% Cvc`lo Cvc`lo \ktuclkü`: \o
3? no jugkd cg
33 no cbdstd 388% 388% 388% ggobü cg gáakto
no
prdnullkü`
roquorknc.

 
 5.- Fdraugcr u`c Xgc`kggc no k`spollkü` pcrc notorak`cr gds prdegoacs o` u`
skstoac no ldaprcs o` u`c drbc`kzclkü`.

_scroads u`c morrcako`tc no C`ãgksks y roldpkgclkü` no nctds. Xcrc pdnor

cbrupcr nctds no gds rosugtcnds o` fdrac porkünklc.

\o roldbo` gds nctds deto`knds o` u` prdaonkd no ? nács, cluaugc`nd lcnc

prdegoac(nofoltd) nog skstoac no ldaprcs.

FUOL_O@LKC
XUDEGOAC ^D^CG
Nkc 3 Nkc 5 Nkc < Nkc > Nkc ?
Fcgtc no pdgátklcs o` gcs ldaprcs / / // / /// =
@d ostc`ncrkzcr prdvoondros / //// /// // // 35
@d ovcgucr og nosoapoód no gds prdvoondros / // /// // =
@d k`torlcaekcr k`fdraclkü` ////// ///// ///// ////// //// 56
Fcgtc no ld`dlkako`td nog prdnultd // /// / / 2
Orrdros o` og lctãgdbd //// // ///// // / 3>
Noadrc o` gc fdraugclkü` nog Xonknd /// /// // /// // 3<

@d k`vo`tcrkcr ////// //// // /// 3?

@d k`spollkd`cr gc ldaprc // // / ?
^D^CG 56 53 5? 32 3; 38=

Ldad rosugtcnd deto`nroads og nác o` og quo mued acydros nofoltds y gds nofoltds
acs ropotknds nurc`to gc soac`c, sko`nd u` tdtcg no 38; nofoltds o`ld`trcnds.
Og prdegoac quo aãs so ropkto os gc @d k`torlcaekcr k`fdraclkü` ld` og
prdvoondr  (56
 (56 volos). Gds nács o` gds quo mued aãs prdegoacs fuo og 5.

< . Ldad so pdnrác kapgoao`tcr gc fkgdsdfác Justd c ^koapd (JK^) pcrc og

skstoac no vo`tcs no lucgqukor drbc`kzclkü`.
 Gc fkgdsdfác JK^ so trcnulo o` u` skstoac quo tko`no c prdnulkr justd gd quo so roqukoro, luc`nd so
`olosktc, ld` oxlogo`to lcgkncn y sk` nospornklkcr rolursds nog skstoac.

@uostrds dejotkvds no c`ãgksks sorã` nkstrkeuknds o` > cspoltds

Kno`tkfklcr y ovkno`lkcr gc noac`nc

  Gc sderoprdnullkü` (fcerklcr aãs no gd `oloscrkd)


  Og cgaclo`cjo
  Gcs dporclkd`os k``oloscrkcs (cpgklc`nd `uovds prdlosds)
  Gds nospgczcako`tds (tc`td no porsd`cg lüad no actorkcg)
  Gds k`vo`tcrkds
  Gcs cvorács
  Gds tkoapds no osporc

Ogkak`cr nospornklkds

   Fcerklcr gd `oloscrkd pdr toapdrcnc

   Kapgoao`tcr cgaclë`
   Orrcnklcr dporclkd`os k``oloscrkcs aonkc`to u` `uovd prdlosd
   K`vo`tcrkcr y o`lcrbcr gc nkstrkeulkü` nog cgaclë`
   \dgulkd`cr cvorács aolã`klcs
   Ldau`klcr stdli o` cgaclë` pcrc ronulkr og tkoapd no osporc

\kapgkfklcr gc prdnullkü`

   Kapgoao`tcr rãpkncao`to prdnultds o` og cgaclë`

   Uonulkr o` gd aãs aá`kad gc cltucgkzclkü` nog k`vo`tcrkd
   Ogkak`cr cltkvkncnos quo `d cócnc` vcgdr cbrobcnd c gc prdnullkü`
   Ld`sobukr fgujd no prdnullkü` oqukgkercnd
   \kapgkfklcr tcrocs cnak`kstrctkvcs

Lo`trcrso o` gc noac`nc

   Kapgoao`tcr rãpkncao`to `uovd stdli no prdnultds clcecnds

   Ospolkfklcr eko` og prdnultd pcrc clogorcr su ldaprc
   \or csortkvd c gc mdrc no vo`nor gds prdnultds

>.- NKCBUCAC NO XCUO^D

Aonkc`to og Nkcbrcac no Xcrotd so puono` notoltcr gds prdegoacs quo tko`o` aãs rogovc`lkc
aonkc`to gc cpgklclkü` nog prk`lkpkd no Xcrotd (pdlds vktcgos, aulmds trkvkcgos) quo nklo quo mcy
aulmds prdegoacs sk` kapdrtc`lkc fro`to c sdgd u`ds brcvos. [c quo, pdr gd bo`orcg, og =8% no gds
rosugtcnds tdtcgos so drkbk`c` o` og 58% no gds ogoao`tds.

Og Nkcbrcac no Xcrotd os u`c brãfklc o` nd`no so drbc`kzc` nkvorscs lgcskfklclkd`os no nctds pdr
 drno` noslo`no`to, no kzqukornc c norolmc pdr aonkd no ecrrcs so`lkggcs nospuës no mceor
rou`knd gds nctds pcrc lcgkfklcr gcs lcuscs.

Xcrc gc rosdgulkü` nog ojorlklkd prdpuostd:

Gd prkaord quo mcloads os k`broscr gds nctds ldad so auostrc o` gc fkburc c ld`tk`uclkü`.

Guobd sclcads og pdrlo`tcjo ldrrospd`nko`to c gc lc`tkncn no orrdros y gds drno`cads no fdrac

noslo`no`to.

Guobd no mceor deto`knd og % cluaugcnd,

cl uaugcnd, ju`td cg # no orrdros pcscads c brcfklcr.

 
 Nog nkcbrcac pdnoads k`torprotcr quo sk sdgulkd`cads gds orrdros quo ostã` pdr o`lkac nog =8%
pdnroads suesc`cr gds noaãs nofoltds. O`tro ostds to`oads noadrc o` cto`nor gds rolgcads,
prdegoacs no fclturclkü`, fcgtc no ld`dlkako`td nog prdnultd, y acgc k`fdraclkü` cg lgko`to.

LD@LG_\KD@O\

NO GC XUO\O@^CLKD@ 3

 
 Xcrc ld`dlor
ld`dlor gc
gc drbc`kzclkü`
drbc`kzclkü` no u`c oaprosc noeo oxkstkr
oxkstkr u` drbc`kbrcac,
drbc`kbrcac, og lucg nc c
ld`dlor og gubcr quo go ldrrospd`no c lcnc k`tobrc`to, o` ospolkcg c gds rolkë`
k`ldrpdrcnds, y cnoaãs tcaekë` porakto drko`tcr c gcs porsd`cs d lgko`tos quo tko`o`
cgbu`c rogclkü` ld` gc oaprosc.
 
 O` u`c bostkü` pdr prdlosds
prdlosds nd`no pcrtklkpc og lgko`to, og adnogd
adnogd XOX\L `ds
`ds porakto
porakto
nofk`kr gds prdlosds y adstrcr vksucgao`to ldad nklmds prdlosds fguyo` y so ld`oltc`.

\ko`nd ostë u`c soluo`lkc no pcsds, cltkvkncnos y nolkskd`os quo ld`vkorto` o`trcncs
o` scgkncs fk`cgos (prdnultd d sorvklkd) pcrc u` lgko`to ospolkfkld (k`tor`d d oxtor`d).
 
 Gc akskü` y vkskü` porakto` porakto sceor quë mclo gc oaprosc pcrc gdbrcr su prdpüsktd
 y luãgos sd` gcs lkrlu`stc`lkcs o` gcs quo so vo o` u` futurd oxktdsd.

NO GC XUO\O@^CLKD@ 5

 
 \o ld`lguyo `uostrd acpc no prdlosds aonkc`to roproso`tclkd`os brãfklcs y drno`cncs
no fdrac soluo`lkcg no gcs cltkvkncnos so notorak`ü og acpc no prdlosds y so ld`lguyo
u`c ostrulturc ld` 5 prdlosds ostrctëbklds, ? prdlosds lgcvo, < prdlosds no sdpdrto.
 
 \o puono
puono ld`lgukr
ld`lgukr `uostrd NCX
NCX ld` u` tdtcg
tdtcg no cltkvkncnos: 6 dporclkü`,
dporclkü`, < trc`spdrto,
trc`spdrto, <
dporclkü`, < noadrc, 5 no cgaclë`. Ld` u` tkoapd tdtcg no ?? ak`utds y u` roldrrknd no
no 5=< aotrds.
 
 \o puono`
puono` ld`lgukr
ld`lgukr 32 dporclkd`os
dporclkd`os no ac`orc lrd`dgübklc
lrd`dgübklc ld`
ld` sdgd
sdgd 5 no noadrc.
 
 \o puono`
puono` ld`lgukr
ld`lgukr 3? prdlonkako`tds
prdlonkako`tds gübklds nosno og k`klkd y mcstc og fk`cg.

NO GC XUO\O@^CLKD@ <

   _tkgkzcr og tce
tcegord
gord os kapdrtc`to pcrc to`or og ld`trdg o` fclugtcn no ro
rocgkzcr
cgkzcr
prdlosds, ovktc ctcrocrso ovktc`nd ldgcpsds no tkoapd y `d ggobcr c gcs aotcs
cskb`cncs.
 
 Gc pgc`kggc no k`spollkü` kno`tkf
kno`tkfklc
klc o` u` tcegord lucgos sd` gcs nofklko`lkcs quo so rocgkzc
o` u`c fu`lkü`.
 
 Gc fkgdsdfác
fkgdsdfác no Just k`
k` ^kao.
^kao. @ds nc c ld`dlor c ovktcr
ovktcr bcstcr d ogkak`cr
ogkak`cr o` prdlosds
prdlosds
k``oloscrkds
 
 Og nkcbrcac no Xcrotd pdnoads k`torprotcr quo sdgulkd`c`nd gds orrdros quo ostã` pdr
o`lkac nog pdrlo`tcjo cluaugcnd roquorknd so pdnrã suesc`cr gds noaãs nofoltds.

UOLDAO@NCLKD@O\

NO GC XUO\O@^CLKD@ 3

 
 ^dnc oaprosc pdr auy poquoóc quo soc, noeo to`or u` drbc`kbrcac quo noeo sor
cltucgkzcnd
cltucgkzcnd ld`tk`ucao`to, pcrc sorvkr no buác c tdnd og porsd`cg no gc oaprosc y c sus
lgko`tos. 
lgko`tos. 
 
 Os kapdrtc`to rocgkzcr og adnogd XOX\L no gds prdlosds quo so rocgklo` o` u`c oaprosc
yc quo csá, so puono vor no ac`orc drno`cnc gcs cltkvkncnos quo so rocgkzc`
rocgkzc` y o` lcsd
mcyc cgbú` k`ld`vo`ko`to pcscr c ldrrobkrgd no fdrac rãpknc.
rãpknc.  

 

Gd prkaord quo so noeo mclor luc`nd surbo u` pgc` no `obdlkd, os nofk`kr og prdpüsktd y
to`or lgcrd luãg os gc akskü` y vkskü`, pcrc gdbrcr nklmd prdpüsktd.
prdpüsktd. \o noeo tdacr o` luo`tc
quo gc akskü` puono sor lcaekc`to sobú` gcs lkrlu`stc`lkcs nog o`tdr`d9 o` lcaekd, gc