Professional Documents
Culture Documents
CIVL4320 Assignment+1+Solution+-+2013
CIVL4320 Assignment+1+Solution+-+2013
2
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Determine the maximum design tension
at the right‐hand support RR
Case 1: Dead Load + Imposed Load
Taking moment about point A,
20
RR x 4 + 25 x 4 + 20 x 6= 0 0
25
RR = ‐55 kN (no net tension)
A B
RR
Case 2: Dead Load + Wind Load 1.4 x 5
Taking moment about point A,
1.4 x 5
RR x 4 + 25 x 4 + 20 x 6 = 1.4 x 5 x (4 + 8 + 12)
1.4 x 5 20
RR = ‐13 kN (no net tension)
25
A B
RR
1.2 x 5
Case 3: Dead Load + Imposed Load + Wind Load
1.2 x 5
Taking moment about point A,
RR x 4 + 25 x 4 + 20 x 6 = 1.2 x 5 x (4 + 8 + 12) 1.2 x 5 20
0
RL = ‐19 kN (no net tension)
25
A B
RR
3
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Determine the maximum design compression
at the right‐hand support RR
Case 1: Dead Load + Imposed Load
Taking moment about point A,
RR x 4 = 1.4 x 25 x 4 + 1.4 x 20 x 6 + 1.6 x 50 x 8
1.4 x 20
1.6 x 50
RR = 237 kN (Control)
1.4 x 25
A B
RR
Case 2: Dead Load + Wind Load 1.4 x 5
Taking moment about point A,
1.4 x 5
RR x 4 = 1.4 x 25 x 4 + 1.4 x 20 x 6 + 1.4 x 5 x (4 + 8 + 12)
1.4 x 5 1.4 x 20
RR = 119 kN
1.4 x 25
A B
RR
1.2 x 5
Case 3: Dead Load + Imposed Load + Wind Load
1.2 x 5
Taking moment about point A,
1.2 x 5 1.2 x 20
RR x 4 = 1.2 x 25 x 4 + 1.2 x 20 x 6 + 1.2 x 50
1.2 x 50 x 8 + 1.2 x 5 x (4 + 8 + 12)
1.2 x 25
RL = 222 kN A B
RR
4
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Summary
RL (kN) RR (kN)
Loading Case Tension Compression Tension Compression
1) Dead Load + Imposed
69 25 237
Load
2) Dead Load + Wind Load
31 67 No net tension 119
3) Dead Load + Imposed
83 56 222
Load + Wind Load
Maximum design tension at the left‐hand support RL = 83 kN
Maximum design compression at the left‐hand support RL = 67 kN
Maximum design tension at the right‐hand support RR = 0 kN
Maximum design compression at the right left‐hand support RR = 237 kN
5
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Question 2
The tributary area for the exterior pair of central hanger at each floor is given as shown
in the figure
Tributary area = 16.8 x ( 3.3 + 11.1 / 2 ) = 16.8 x 8.85 = 148.68 m2
Part A – Dead Load
Various distributed dead loads to be applied uniformly on the plan:
1) Self weight of concrete = 24 x 0.1 (slab thickness to be 100 mm) = 2.4 kPa
2) Average self weight of floor steel framing = 0.5 kPa
3) Weight of ceiling and finishing = 1.0 kPa
Total = 3.9 kPa
Distributed dead load to be applied uniformly on elevation:
1) Cladding (glazing) = 0.3 kPa
With a storey height of 4.2 m, the single glazing cladding exerts a uniform distributed line
load acting along the exterior edge of the floor slab at the value of 0.3 x 4.2 = 1.26 kN/m
Since there are six storeys in the third block of floors,
total dead load carried by the hanger can be given as follows,
DL = 6 x (148.68 x 3.9) + 6 x 16.8 x 1.26
= 3606.1 kN
6
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Part B – Imposed Load
Minimum imposed load given = 3.0 kP
Total imposed load carried by the hanger
IL = 6 x 148.68 x 3 = 2676.2 kN
Part C – Design Load
Factored design tension load for the top pair of hangers
= 1.4 DL + 1.6 IL
= 1.4 x 3606.1 + 1.6 x 2676.2
= 9330.5 kN
7
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Question 3
Determine the most critical net tension area of the bolted member
an = a g − ∑ td + ∑ 0.25s 2t / g
where a g = 320 × 22 = 7920mm 2
si = 60mm, t = 22mm, g i = 50mm
By inspection, a number of potential fracture paths can be eliminated. Three
independent critical fracture paths can be identified as follows.
Case 1: fracture through 3 holes
a n = 7920 − 3 × 22 × 22 = 6468 mm 2
Case 2: fracture through 4 holes
a n = 7920 − 4 × 22 × 22 + 2 × 0.25 × 60 2 × 22 / 50 = 6776 mm 2
Case 3: fracture through 4 holes
a n = 7920 − 5 × 22 × 22 + 4 × 0.25 × 60 2 × 22 / 50 = 7084 mm 2
Hence, case 1 gives the most critical fracture path with an = 6468 mm2
For S355 steel with thickness of 22mm, py = 345 N/mm2 (Table 3.2)
Ke = 1.1 (Cl. 9.3.4.4)
Effective area a e = K e a n = 1.1 × 6468 = 7114.8 mm 2 < a g
N kN
Tension capacity Pt = p y Ae = p y a e = 345 2
× 7114.8 mm 2 × = 2454.6 kN
mm 1000 N
8
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Question 4
Part A – Determine the most critical tension member
500 kN
B
C
D E
F G
By inspection, members AB, BD and DF are potentially critical tension members.
Since the moment arm for calculating the tension force on BD is shorter than that for
member DF, the tension force on member BD is deemed more critical than that on
member DF.
Consider the following free body diagram,
A
B 1.6 x 500 kN
FAB C
FAC
Angle ABC = tan‐1 (4/7) = 29.7o
Take moment about point C,
3000 × 1.6 × 500 = 4000 × sin(29.7 o ) × FAB
FAB = 1209.3 kN
9
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Consider the following free body diagram,
A
B
1.6 x 500 kN
FBD 63.4o
E
Angle BDE = tan‐1 (4/2) = 63.435o
Take moment about E,
5000 × 1.6 × 500 = 4000 × sin(63.435o ) × FBD
FBD = 1118.0 kN
As a result, the most critical tension member is AB and
its factored design tension is Tf = 1209.3 kN
Part B – Design of Tension Member
For a pair of channels connected back to back on both sides of a gusset plate
28mm holes
Assume 2mm clearance,
Diameter of hole = 26+2 = 28mm
12mm
Assume that the channel thickness is less than 16 mm,
set py = 275 N/mm2 and Tf = Pt
10
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Since Pt = pyAe, the required effective area for the tension member can be given as
follows
1209.3 kN 1000 N
Tf / py = 2
× = 4397 mm2
275 N / mm kN
Try a pair of 200 x 75 x 23 channel sections, (Ag = 2 x 29.9 x 100 = 5980 mm2)
t = 6.0 mm, T= 12.5 mm, D = 200 mm,
py = 275 kN/mm2 (same as the assumed value) (Table 3.2)
Gross area of section, ag = 2 x (29.9 x 100) = 5980 mm2
Gross area of connected element, a1 = 2 x (200 x 6) = 2400 mm2
Gross area of outstanding legs, a2 = 5980 – 2400 = 3580 mm2
For grade S275 steel, Ke = 1.2 (Cl. 9.3.4.4)
Effective area of elements:
Connected web element, ae1 = 1.2 x (2400 – 4 x 28 x 6) = 2073.6 mm2 < a1=2400
Outstanding legs, ae2 = a2 = 3580 mm2
Total effective area, ae = ae1 + ae2 = 5653.6 mm2
For double channel sections connected back‐to‐back on both sides of a gusset plate
The tension capacity, Pt = p y (ae − 0.25a2 ) (Cl. 8.6.4)
11
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Question 5
Part A – Determine the most critical tension member
P P P
1 4
RR
RL 2 3
By inspection, the most critical loading condition is due to the combination of dead and
imposed loads
P = 1.4 x 30 + 1.6 x 60 = 138 kN
Support reaction, RL = RR = 3 x 138 / 2 = 207 kN
By inspection, members 1, 2, 3 and 4 are potentially critical tension members. Due to
symmetry, members 1 & 4 should have the same tension load and so do members 2 & 3.
A P B P P
O
RR
RL 1 4
2 3
A B
Introduce a cut along section A‐A, consider the following free body diagram
∑ Fy = 0 ⇒ F1 × cos 45o = 207 F1
F1 = 293kN 207
Make a cut along section B‐B, consider the following free body diagram,
O
∑ M O = 0 ⇒ 3.5 × F2 + 3.5 ×138 = 10.5 × 207
F2 = 483kN F2
207
12
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
Therefore, the most critical tension member is the central bottom chord member and
its factored design tension load is 483 kN.
Part B – Design of Tension Member
(a) With bolted connection
Check the adequacy of a 90x90x12 equal leg angle.
leg size A = 100 mm, t = 12 mm, py = 275 kN/mm2 (Table 3.2)
2
Gross area of section, ag = 20.3 x 100 = 2030 mm
Gross area of connected leg, a1 = 90 x 12 = 1080 mm2
Gross area of outstanding leg, a2 = 2030 – 1080 = 950 mm2
For S275 steel, Ke = 1.2 (Cl. 9.3.4.4)
Effective areas of elements:
Connected leg, ae1 = 1.2 x (1080 – 22 x 12) = 979.2 mm2 < a1
Outstanding leg, ae2 = a2 = 950 mm2
Total effective area, ae = ae1 + ae2 = 1929.2 mm2
For a bolted single angle connected through one leg,
Tension capacity, Pt = p y (ae − 0.5a2 ) (Cl. 8.6.3)
13
CIVL 4320 – Structural Steel Design
Solution for Problem Set No. 1 2013 Fall
(b) With welded connection
Check the adequacy of a 90x90x12 equal leg angle.
leg size A = 100 mm, t = 12 mm, py = 275 kN/mm2 (Table 3.2)
Gross area of section, ag = 20.3 x 100 = 2030 mm2
Gross area of connected leg, a1 = 90 x 12 = 1080 mm2
Gross area of outstanding leg, a2 = 2030 – 1080 = 950 mm2
Effective areas of elements
Connected leg, ae1 = a1 = 10800 mm2
Outstanding leg, ae2 = a2 = 950 mm2
Total effective area, ae = ae1 + ae2 = 2030 mm2
For a welded single angle connected through one leg,
Tension capacity, Pt = p y (ae − 0.3a2 ) (Cl. 8.6.3)
14