sagani : istoriis filosofia

Tbilisis saxelmwifo universiteti, humanitarul mecnierebaTa fakulteti, filosofiis saswavlo-

samecniero instituti.

bakalavriati

leqtori mamuka doliZe

Semodgomis semestri 2020 w.

leqcia 9

istoria, rogorc yofierebis manifestaciis safexurebi. haidegeri

nicSes msgavsad, me-20 saukunis didi moazrovnis, martin haidegeris Sexedulebac

istoriis sazrisis Sesaxeb, arsebiTad warsulis kvlav dabrunebis wreze trialebs.

istoria arc kanonzomieria (tradiciuli gagebiT) da arc SemTxveviTi. is xdomilebaTa

bedisweris aucileblobaa. adamiani ar gvevlineba istoriis Semoqmedis rolSi,

uaryofs ra pirovnebis Tavisuflebas. haidegeri emijneba egzistencionalizms (upirvelesad,

Jan pol sartrs).

haidegeris azriT, adamianis misia aris yofierebis mosmena, maSinac ki, roca yofiereba
dums.

gonebas ar Seaqvs sazrisi arsebobaSi. pirovnebis samyaroSi yofna niSnavs mis

miyuradebas yofierebis mimarT. Tavad subieqti, viT cnobieri arseba, TviTrefleqsirebadi
yofierebis gansakuTrebuli saxea, e.w. munyofierebis egzistencia.

adamianis TandaswrebiT, misi cxovrebis bedis trialiT Tavad yofiereba avlens Tavis
Tavs. Cvens mowesrigebul samyaros azri ar miewereba subieqturi cnobierebis zemoqmedebis
ZaliT.

yovelive arsebulis arsebobis azri TviTon yofierebis wiaRidan gamomdinare

mniSvnelobaa, romelic adamianis samyaroSi yofnis gziT ganicdis realizacias istoriuli
movlenebis saxiT.

am sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT mniSvnelovania, rom Eedmund huserls fenomenologiaSi

azrovnebas transcendentze orientirebuli mizanmimarTuleba axasiaTebs.

haidegeri, huserlis mowafe, misi mimdevari, magram masze ufro Sors mimavali
mkvlevari egzistencialur fenomenologiaSi, gvmoZRvravs, rom araTu azrovnebas axasiaTebs
unari gavides gonebis farglebs gareT da miwvdes transcendents (realur sagans), aramed TviTon
adamianis yofierebas, azrovnebis msgavsad, SeuZlia mizanmimarTuli, intencionaluri gasvla
sakuTari Tavis gareT samyaroSi.

samyaroSi yofna adamianis egzistenciis arsebiTi swrafvaa,… yofierebis istoriis mimarT

misi Riaobis dadasturebaa.

Cveni cxovreba, Cveni bediswera da iRbali unda gadaiqces samyaros istoriulobis

Semadgenel fenomenebad.

am gardasaxvaSi mniSvnelovani faqtia, rom subieqti miyuradebulia yofierebas, yofiereba

ki droSi arsebobs, e.w. “drois eqstazis” mixedviT avlens Tavis Tavs.

esaa istoria – egzistencis TviTgamovlena droSi.

“axal ontologiaSi”, tradiciuli metafizikis uaryofiT, haidegerma faqtiurad yofierebas

substancia gamoacala. mis post-fenomenologiur filosofiaSi yofiereba ar Seicavs uzogades ideas-
yofierTa simravlis gamaerTianebel safuZvels. yofiereba mTeli sisruliT Tavis individualur
gamovlinebebSia mocemuli. arsebulis arsebulTan integraciaSi ara gvaqvs gvar-saxeobiTi
ierarqia (rogorc es iyo germanul klasikur idealizmSi).

mravalferovan yofierTa Zirgamoclili, usubstancio samyaro saSualebas ar gvaZlevs

azrovnebaSi gamovimuSaoT uzogadesi cneba, romelic erTi ideis safuZvelze gaaerTianebda
yovelive arsebuls. yofiereba arafers emyareba, araferze dgas; araraa is ufskruli, romlis Tavzec
samyaroa gadmokidebuli.

Tuki samyaro “yofierobs “ mis calkeul gamovlinebebSi, romlebic gansxvavdebian

erTmaneTisagan, da Tuki ar arsebobs substancia, romelic am gansxvavebebs
gaaerTmniSvnelianebs garkveuli ideis mixedviT, maSin araviTari garantia ar aris, rom
samyaroSi damyardes wesrigi da savsebiT SesaZlebelia, rom qaosi gamefdes.

am problemidan gamosavals haidegeri poulobs drois intencionalobaSi. misi “axali

ontologiis” Tanaxmad, gansxvavebul yofierTa mowesrigebis gzaa maTi droSi Tanaarseboba.
qveyniereba droSi mimdinareobs. egzistencis droiToba ki warmoSobs istoriis sazriss. istoriis
fenomeni Cndeba politikur movlenaTa im arsebiTi cvalebadobis dros, roca adamianSi, rogorc
egzistencSi TviT yofiereba alaparakdeba.

es xdeba swored maSin, roca individis sakuTar xvedrSi samyaros bediswera

gamoanaTebs; roca aryofnis ufskrulidan amomZvrali yofiereba Tavisi pirovnuli individuaciis
mwvervals aRwevs, saidanac mosCans rogorc samyaros warsuli, aseve misi momavalic.

aseTi saxis istoria ar SeiZleba iyos faqtebis sworxazobrivi mimdevroba. istoria droSi
viTardeba, magram istoria rom drois mdinaresaviT ganumeorebeli da sworxazobrivi iyos, maSin
istoriuli faqti mxolod am faqtis Tanamedrove samyaros centralizacias da mowesrigebas
SeZlebda.

Tuki istoriis ganviTareba cikluri xasiaTisaa da wreze (ufro swored, spiralze) trialebs,
maSin istoria, rogorc yofierebis arsis TviTgamovlena, wesrigSi moiyvans ara mxolod awmyo
droSi arsebul realobas, aramed ganapirobebs droTa kavSirs da moicavs mTel samyaros, mis
warsuls, awmyos da momavals.

iqneb, amitomac arsebobs istoria da mniSvnelobs istoriis sazrisi, raTa drois

ganumeorebel dinebaSi gaCndes erTgvari ganmeorebadoba, cikluroba da adamiani, rogorc
istoriuli arseba erTxel mainc Sevides yofierebis sicocxlis maradganaxlebad mdinareSi.

warmodgenili leqciis da miTiTebuli literaturis safuZvelze,

studentma SeiZleba moamzados es Tema Sualeduri da finaluri
gamocdebisTvis.

sakiTxavi literatura.

1. ramiSvili valeri. wigni: filosofia. gv. 415 gamomcemlobaM”meridiani”, Tbilisi, 2009

w.
2. XX saukunis burJuaziuli filosofia. gamomcemloba “ ganaTleba” Tbilisi, 1970 gv.
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