Maths G-6 P-II S

.
Ks;h
6 fYa%Ksh
II fldgi
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
i
m<uq jk uqøKh 2014
fojk uqøKh 2015
f;jk uqøKh 2016
isõjk uqøKh 2017
miajk uqøKh 2018
yhjk uqøKh 2019
y;ajk uqøKh 2020
ish¨ ysñlï weúßKs'
ISBN 978-955-25-0256-9
wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska

rcfha uqøK kS;s.; ixia:dfõ
uqøKh lrjd m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,È'
ii
Y%S ,xld cd;sl .Sh
Y%S ,xld ud;d

wm YS% ,xld" kfuda kfuda kfuda kfuda ud;d
iqkaor isßnßkS" iq/òs w;s fidanudk ,xld
OdkH Okh fkl u,a m,;=re msß ch N+ñh ruHd
wmyg iem isß fi; iokd Ôjkfha ud;d
ms<s.kq uek wm Nla;s mQcd
kfuda kfuda ud;d
Tn fõ wm úoHd Tn u h wm i;Hd
Tn fõ wm Yla;s wm yo ;=< Nla;s
Tn wm wdf,dafla wmf.a wkqm%dfKa
Tn wm Ôjk fõ wm uqla;sh Tn fõ
kj Ôjk foñfka ks;sk wm mqnqÿ lrka ud;d
{dk ù¾h jvjñk /f.k hkq uek ch N+ñ lrd
tl ujlf. ore le, neúkd
huq huq ù fkdmud
fm%au jvd ieu fNao ÿ/r Þ kfuda kfuda ud;d
iii
iv
v
f,aLl iy ixialdrl uKav, igyk
2015 j¾Ifha isg l%shd;aul jk kj úIh ks¾foaYhg wkql+, j yh jk fY%aKsfha

isiqka i|yd fuu fmd; iïmdokh lr we;'
ksmqK;d mdol lr.;a m%fõYhla iys; j fuu fm<fmd; ilia lrk ,È' tu.ska
.Ks; ixl,am ms<sn| oekqu orejkag ,nd§u fuka u tu oekqu tÈfkod Ôú;fha
§ Ndú;h ms<sn| l=i,;d j¾Okh ùu o wfmalaId flf¾' zz.Ks; úIh ;udg
fyd¢ka m%.=K l< yels hZZ hk wdl,amh orejka ;=< j¾Okh lsÍug fuu fmd;
iïmdokfha § wms W;aidy .;af;uq'
.Ks; ixl,am yeoEÍfï uQ,sl wä;d,u úêu;a j f.dvke.Sfï wjYH;dj fuu

fm<fmd; ieliSfï § úfYaIfhka ie,ls,a,g .kakd ,È' fuu fmd; yqfola mdi,a
wjêfha meje;afjk úNd. b,lal fldg.;a bf.kqï fuj,ula u fkdfõ' th
orejd ;=< j¾Okh úh hq;= ;¾ldkql+, Ñka;kh" ksjerÈ oelau yd ks¾udKYS,s;ajh
jeä ÈhqKq lrk udOHhla f,i i,ld iïmdokh lrk ,È'
tfukau orejd ;=< .Ks; ixl,am ;yjqre lsÍug fuys we;=<;a fndfyda l%shdldrlï"
ksoiqka yd wNHdi tÈfkod Ôú;fha w;aoelSï iuÕ .<md iïmdokh lr we;'
tu.ska .Ks;h tÈfkod Ôú;hg fld;rï jeo.;a úIhla o hkak orejkag ;yjqre
jkq we;' fuu fm<fmd; fj; orejka fhduq lrk .=reNj;=kag fuu fmdf;ys
wvx.= oE mokï lrf.k orejdf.a bf.kqï rgdjg yd uÜgug .e<fmk ;j;a
bf.kqï fuj,ï ilid .; yels h'
fuu fm<fmdf;ys tla tla mdvfuka orejd bf.k .; hq;= oE ms<sn| woyila tu
mdvu wdrïNfha" § we;' mdvug wod< iqúfYaIS lreKq u;lhg k.d .ekSug iEu
mdvula u wjidkfha tys idrdxYh we;=<;a lr we;' mdi,a jdrhla ;=< § lrk
,o jev mqkÍlaIKh i|yd tla tla jdrhg wod< mdvï wjidkfha § mqkÍlaIK
wNHdihla ne.ska" § we;'
.Ks; ixl,am wjfndaO lr .ekSfï § iEu orejl= u tlu olaI;djla fmkakqï

fkdlrhs' tneúka" ish m%ùK;d uÜgug wkqj tla tla orejd okakd foa weiqfrka
fkdokakd foa fj; fhduq lrùu wjYH fõ' th jD;a;Sh uÜgfï .=rejrhl=g
uekúka isÿ l< yels nj wms úYajdi lruq'
bf.kqï l%shdj,shl § orejdg ;ksj hula is;d th m%.=K lsÍug ld,h ,nd Èh hq;=
h' tfuka u .Ks;fhys kHdhd;aul oekqug muKla u iSud fkdfldg w;aoelSfuka
o .Ks;h m%.=K lsÍug bv m%ia;dj ie,ish hq;= h'
lemùfuka .‚;h úIhh bf.k f.k ;¾ldkql+, Ñka;khlska fyì nqoaêu;a

mqrjeishl= ùug orejkag yels fõjd hkak wmf.a m%d¾:kh hs'
f,aLl iy ixialdrl uKav,h
vi
kshdukh yd wëlaIKh

- wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßia ckrd,a
mS' tka' whs,mafmreu
fufyhùu
- wOHdmk m%ldYk flduidßiaa îxj¾Ok&
ví,sõ' ta' ks¾u,d mshiS,s
iïnkaëlrKh
- iyldr flduidßia
tÉ' pkaÈud l=udß o fidhsid
à' ã' iS' l,aydß .=Kfialr - iyldr flduidßia
ixialdrl uKav,h
- fcHaIaG lÓldpd¾h
wdpd¾h wd¾' à' iur;=x.
.‚; wOHhkdxYh" úoHd mSGh
fld<U úYajúoHd,h
wdpd¾h k,Ska .fkaf.dv
.‚; úoHd wOHhkdxYh
jHjydßl úoHd mSGh
Ys% chj¾Okmqr úYajúoHd,h
ví,sõ' tï' m%{do¾Yk
wOHdmk mSGh
fld<U úYajúoHd,h
- wOHlaI
î' ã' Ñ;a;dkkao ìhkaú,
.Ks; wxYh" wOHdmk wud;HdxYh
- lÓldpd¾h
tï' tka' mS' mSßia
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
tia' rdfÊkaøka - lÓldpd¾h
cd;sl wOHdmk wdh;kh
tÉ' pkaÈud l=udß o fidhsid - iyldr flduidßia
- iyldr flduidßia
à' ã' iS' l,aydß .=Kfialr
vii
f,aLl uKav,h
- lÓldpd¾h
î' t,a' iurfialr
.‚; wOHhkdxYh" úoHd mSGh
fld<U úYajúoHd,h
î' t,a' ñ;%md, - iyldr wOHdmk wOHlaI
l,dm wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" ylauK
- .=re WmfoaYl ^msßfjka&
wkqr ã' ùrisxy
ud;r Èia;s%lalh
- .=re WmfoaYl
î' tï' ìfida ue‚fla
fldÜGdY wOHdmk ld¾hd,h" jdßhfmd,
u¾úka refíre .=Kfialr - úÿy,am;s ^úY%dñl&
- .=re fiajh
tA' Ô' wkqr
;j,u úoHdrdc úoHd,h" ;j,u
- .=re fiajh
hQ'Q t,a' ms%hxld fmf¾rd
Ydka; f;f¾id nd,sld uyd úoHd,h"
we,amsáh
tï' tia' tï' r*s;= - .=re WmfoaYl ^úY%dñl&
- úÿy,am;s
hQ' úfõldkkaoka
isxy, úoHd,h" ÈlaTh
NdId ixialrKh
- .=re fiajh ^úY%dñl&
YS%u;S uqKisxy
- iydh ixialdrl"
ch;a mshoiqka
kuialdr i`.rdj" f,alayjqia" fld<U 10
Ñ;% yd rEm igyka ks¾udKh
- fcHaIaG wNHdi bxðfkare
tï' tia' wd¾' m%kdkaÿ
,xld c¾uka ld¾ñl wNHdi wdh;kh"
fudrgqj
mß.Kl wlaIr ixfhdackh
î' tA' p,ks hqrx.d - wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
ví' tA' mQ¾Kd chñ‚ - wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
fÊ' tÉ' ufkdaßld m%shx.kS - wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
iqjka;%s lgqjmsáh - wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j
msgljr ks¾udKh
- f;dr;=re ;dlaIK YdLdj"
wd¾' tï' rð; iïm;a
viii
mgqk
msgqj
12' ir, f¾Çh ;, rEm 1
13' oYu 10
14' ixLHd j¾. yd ixLHd rgd 25
15' È. 39
16' øj ñkqï 59
17' >k jia;= 70
mqkÍlaIK wNHdih - 2 jdrh 82
18' ùÔh ixfla; 86
19' ùÔh m%ldYk f.dvke.Su yd wdfoaYh 91
20' ialkaOh 97
21' wkqmd; 109
22' o;a; /ia lsÍu yd ksrEmKh 121
23' o;a; w¾:l:kh 133
24' o¾Yl 142
25' j¾.M,h 148
mqkÍlaIK wNHdih - 3 jdrh 156
ix
12 ir, f¾Çh ;, rEm
fuu mdvu wOHhkh lsÍfuka Tng"
² ;s%fldaKh" RcqfldaKdi%h" iup;=ri%h" ;%mSishu" iudka;rdi%h
hk ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmj, ,laIK y÷kd .ekSug yelshdj ,efí'
12'1 ;, rEm

wms uq,ska u ;,hla ms<sn| j wjOdkh fhduq lruq'
l¿,E,a," lEu fïih iy oekaùï mqjrej jeks tla tla tAjdfha u;=msg
tl u ;,hl msysghs'
oeka wms f¾Ld LKav ms<sn| j u;la lr .ksuq'

my;ska oelafjkafka ir, f¾Ld LKavhla iy jl% f¾Ld LKavhla fõ'
ir, f¾Ld LKavhla jl% f¾Ld LKavhla

ir, f¾Ld LKav iy jl% f¾Ld LKavj,ska iukaú;" tl u ;,hl w¢k
,o rEm .‚;fha § ;, rEm f,i y÷kajkq ,efí' my; oelafjkafka
;, rEm lsysmhls'
fnda,hl u;=msg iu;, fkdjk ksid" fnda,h u;= msg we|

we;s rEmhla ;, rEmhla fkdfõ'
fnda,hla
fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 1
12'2 ixjD; ;, rEm iy újD; rEm
f¾Ld LKavj,ska iïmQ¾Kfhka u jg ù we;s my; oelafjk wdldrfha
;, rEm ixjD; ;, rEm fõ'

f¾Ld LKavj,ska iïmQ¾Kfhka u jgù fkdue;s my; oelafjk
wdldrfha rEm újD; rEm fõ'
12'1 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk rEmj,ska ixjD; ;, rEm f;dard" tAjdfha wlaIr ,shd
olajkak'
(a) (b) (c)
(d) (e) (f)
(g) (h) (i) (j)
2 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

12'3 ir, f¾Çh ;, rEm
ir, f¾Ld LKavj,ska muKla iukaú; ixjD; ;, rEm lsysmhla i|yd

WodyrK my; oelafõ' fujeks rEm ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;, rEm fõ'
fuu rEmh ir, f¾Ld LKavj,ska muKla iukaú;

jqj;a" th ixjD; fkdjk ksid ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;,
rEmhla fkdfõ'
fuu rEmh ixjD; jk kuq;a" ir, f¾Ld LKavj,ska

muKla iukaú; fkdjk ksid ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;,
rEmhla fkdfõ'
12'2 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk rEm igyka w;=ßka ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;, rEm
f;dard" tAjdfha wlaIr ,shd olajkak'
(a) (b) (c)
(d) (e) (f) (g)

12'4 ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmj, wx.
ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmhl tla tla f¾Ld LKavh" tys mdohla f,i
ye¢kafõ'

mdohla mdohla

my; oelafjk wdldrhg" ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmj, mdo 2la yuq ùfuka
rEmfha we;=<; iEfok fldaKh" ;, rEmfha fldaKhla f,i ye¢kafõ'
fldaKhla
fldaKhla
12'5 ;s%fldaKh iy p;=ri%h

ir, f¾Ld LKav ;=klska iukaú; iy ir, f¾Ld LKav y;rlska
iukaú; ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;, rEm ms<sn| j" jeäÿr úuid n,uq'
mdo 3la we;s ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmhla ;s%fldaKhla f,i ye¢kafõ'
;s%fldaKhl mdo 3la iy fldaK 3la we;'

mdo 4la we;s ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmhla p;=ri%hla f,i ye¢kafõ'
p;=ri%hl mdo 4la iy fldaK 4la we;'

p;=ri%hl tlsfkl yuq fkdjk mdo hq.,
2la we;' tjeks hq.,hlg iïuqL mdo hq.,la
hehs lshkq ,efí'
fuys ks,a mdáka olajd we;s mdo hq.,h" tla
iïuqL mdo hq.,ls's
r;= mdáka olajd we;s mdo hq.,h" wfkla
iïuqL mdo hq., fõ'
●● p;=ri%j, úúO wjia:d yd tajdfha ,laIK

Rcq uq,a,la Ndú;fhka iq¿ fldaK" Rcq fldaK yd uyd fldaK fjkalr
y÷kd .ekSug yels nj wms fldaK mdvfï § bf.k .;af;uq'
;j o fldgq oe,l we| we;s ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmfha tla tla mdofha
È. yd iïuqL mdo w;r mr;rh wod< fldgq .Kka lsÍfuka fidhd .;
yels h'
rEmfha oelafjk p;=ri%fha"
²² ks,a mdáka oelaafjk tla tla mdofha È." fldgq 9l È.g iudk fõ'
²² r;= mdáka olajd we;s tla tla mdofha È." fldgq 7l È.g iudk fõ'
²² ish¨ fldaK Rcq fldaK fõ'
²² ks,a mdg iïuqL mdo hq.,h w;r mr;rh fldgq 7l È.g iudk fõ'
²² r;= mdg iïuqL mdo hq.,h w;r mr;rh fldgq 9l È.g iudk fõ'

oeka wms my; l%shdldrlfuys kshe,Sfuka" p;=ri%j, úúO wjia:d yd
,laIK y÷kd .ksuq'
ls%hdldrlu 1
²² fldaK i|yd Rcq uq,a,la Ndú; lsÍfuka yd
²² È. i|yd fldgq .Kka lsÍfuka fyda kQ,la Ndú; lsÍfuka fyda
fjk;a l%uhla fhdod .ksñka fyda
my; i|yka p;=ri%j," § we;s ,laIK ksjerÈ nj ;yjqre lr.kak'
(1) ;%mSishu
,laIK(
²² tla iïuqL mdo hq.,hla tl u
mr;rhlska msysghs'
(2) iudka;rdi%h
,laIK(
²² tla tla iïuqL mdo hq.,hg
wh;a mdo tl u mr;rhlska
msysghs'
²² iïuqL mdo È.ska iudk fõ'
(3) frdïnih
,laIK(
²² tla tla iïuqL mdo hq.,hg wh;a
mdo tl u mr;rhlska msysghs'
²² ish¨ mdo È.ska iudk fõ'


(4) RcqfldaKdi%h
,laIK(
²² tla tla iïuqL mdo hq.,hg wh;a
mdo tl u mr;rhlska msysghs'
²² iïuqL mdo È.ska iudk fõ'
(5) iup;=ri%h
,laIK(
²² tla tla iïuqL mdo hq.,h tl u
mr;rhlska msysghs'
²² ish¨ mdo È.ska iudk fõ'
12'3 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk tla tla ;, rEmhg my<ska ,shd we;s ;, rEmj,
kduj,ska § we;s ;, rEmh ye¢kaùug yels kduh f;dard jryka
;=<  ,l=K o fkdyels kï × ,l=K o fhdokak'
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

iup;=ri%h ^ & iup;=ri%h ^ & iup;=ri%h ^ & iup;=ri%h ^ &
RcqfldaKdi%h ^ & RcqfldaKdi%h ^ & RcqfldaKdi%h ^ & ;%mSishu ^ &
;s%fldaKh ^ & ;s%fldaKh ^ & iudka;rdi%h ^ & ;s%fldaKh ^ &
(v) (vi) (vii) (viii)

iup;=ri%h ^ & iudka;rdi%h ^ & ;%mSishu ^ & iup;=ri%h ^ &
;%mSishu ^ & iup;=ri%h ^ & iudka;rdi%h ^ & ;s%fldaKh ^&
RcqfldaKdi%h ^ & RcqfldaKdi%h ^ & iup;=ri%h ^ &

(2) fldgqrE,a wNHdi fmdf;a" my; i|yka tla tla j¾.fha
tlsfklg fjkia ;, rEm fol ne.ska w|skak'
(i) iup;=ri%h (ii) RcqfldaKdi%h (iii) iudka;rdi%h (iv) ;%mSishu
(3) fldgq lvodishl we| we;s fudaia;rhla my; oelafõ'

(i) th wNHdi fmdf;a msgm;a lr.kak'
(ii) msgm;a lr.;a fudai;
a rfha we;s my; i|yka ir, f¾Çh ;, rEm
y÷kd .kak' Tn y÷kd.;a ;, rEmj, we;=<;" tla tla j¾.hg"
tla j¾Khla fhdod mdg lrkak'
(a) ;s%fldaKh (b) iup;=ri%h (c) iudka;rdi%h (d) ;%mSishu
ls%hdldrlu 2
my; § we;s rEmh ldâfndaâ tll msgm;a lr.kak'

(i) a, b iy c fldgia fjka jk fia lmd .kak'
(ii) lmd .;a fldgia Ndú;fhka my; i|yka ;, rEm ilia lrkak'

len,s ;, rEmh
a, b ;s%fldaKh
a, b, c ;s%fldaKh
a, b ;%mSishu
a, b, c iup;=ri%h" RcqfldaKdi%h" iudka;rdi%h
a
b
idrdxYh
² ir, f¾Ld LKav ;=klska iukaú; ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmh

;%sfldaKhla f,i y÷kajhs'
² ir, f¾Ld LKav y;rlska iukaú; ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmh
p;=ri%hla f,i y÷kajhs'
² ;%mSishu" tla iïuqL mdo hq.,hla tl u mr;rhlska msysgk
p;=ri%hls'
² iudka;rdi%h" tla tla iïuqL mdo hq.,h tl u mr;rhlska msysgk
p;=ri%hls'
² RcqfldaKdi%h" ish¨ fldaK Rcq fldaK jk iudka;rdi%hls'
² iup;=ri%h" ish¨ mdo È.ska iudk RcqfldaKdi%hls'

13 oYu
²² oYu ixLHd y÷kd .ekSug"
²² oYu ixLHd ixikaokh lsÍug iy
²² oYuia:dk folla iys; oYu ixLHd tl;= lsÍug iy wvq lsÍug"
yelshdj ,efí'
13 '1 oYu ye¢kaùu

1
1la iudk fldgia 10lg fnod" ,nd .;a tla fldgila 10
la nj" wms
Nd. mdvfï § bf.k .;af;uq'
1
;j o 1la hkq 10 tAjd 10ls'
1
1 1
mdg lr we;s fldgi ls' 1 hkq tajd 10ls'
10 10
1 1
,s h k ;j;a wdldrhla kï 0.1 fõ' tkï" 0.1 = 10
10
0.1 lshjkq ,nkafka ìkaÿjhs oYu tl f,isks'

2 1 2
;j o 10 hkq 10 tajd 2ls' tkï" 0.2 = 10
0.2 lshjkq ,nkafka ìkaÿjhs oYu fol f,isks'
fï wkqj" iy fõ'

ia:dkSh w.h mdvfï § wms ixLHdjl tla tla b,lalu msysgk ia:dk
y÷kd .;af;uq' oeka wms 0.1" 0.2" 0.3" 0.4" 0.5" 0.6" 0.7" 0.8 iy 0.9 hk
ixLHdj, tla tla b,lalu msysgk ia:dk kï lruq'
fuu ixLHdj, 0 ,shd we;s ia:dkh tlia:dkh fõ' 0g miqj we;s
;s;" oYu ;s; f,i ye¢kafõ' oYu ;s;g miq j we;s b,lalu msysgk
ia:dkh m<uq oYuia:dkh f,i ye¢kafõ' m<uq oYuia:dkhg wod<
1
ia:dkSh w.h 10 fõ'
0'5 hk ixLHdj i,luq'

0'5ys tla tla ia:dkh y;/ia fldgqjlska i,l=Kq fldg" tla tla
b,lalu msysgk ia:dkh my; rEmfha olajd we;'
tlia:dkh m<uq oYuia:dkh
.
0 5
tlia:dkfha b,lalu m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalu
oYu ;s;
2'5 hk ixLHdj i,luq'
1 1
1
2'5 = 1 tAjd 2 + 10 tAjd 5
2'5 = 2 + 0.5 1 tAjd 1
10 tAjd
2'5 hk ixLHdj .Kl rduqjlska ksrEmKh lruq'

2'5ys 2 msysgk ia:dkh tlia:dkh fõ' 2ka ksrEmKh jk w.h 1 tAjd

2ls' tkï 2ls'
2'5ys 5 msysgk ia:dkh m<uq oYuia:dkh fõ' 5ka ksrEmKh jk w.h
1
10 tajd 5ls' tkï fyj;a 0'5ls'

13'1 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk j.=fõ ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
ixLHdj jpkfhka ,shk wdldrh

1'8 ......................................
25'7 ......................................
10'6 ......................................
'''''''''''''''' yeg kjhhs oYu y;r
18'2 ......................................
'''''''''''''''' ;=kaish wkQ yhhs oYu y;
(2) my; oelafjk tla tla .Kl rduqfjka ksrEmKh lr we;s ixLHdj
,shkak'
(i) (ii) (iii)

1 tAjd tAjd 10 tAjd 1 tAjd tAjd 1 tAjd tAjd
(3) â& my; oelafjk tla tla ixLHdj .Kl rduqjlska ksrEmKh lrkak'
(i) 0'7 (ii) 9'6 (iii) 9'9 (iv) 15'2
^b& by; ixLHdj, tla tla b,lalfuka ksrEmKh jk w.h ,shkak'
13'2 oYu ye¢kaùu ;jÿrg;a

1
1la iudk fldgia 100lg fnod" ,nd.;a tla fldgila la nj" wms
100
Nd. mdvfï §" bf.k .;af;uq'
1 1 1 1
hkq" tajd 10ls' 1 hkq tajd 10ls'
100 10 100 10

1
" oYuia:dk Ndú; lrñka ,shkafka 0'01 f,isks'
100
1
tkï" 0'01 =
100
0'01 lshjkq ,nkafka ìkaÿjhs oYu ìkaÿjhs tl f,isks'
4 1
;j o 100 hkq 100 tajd 4ls'
4
oYuia:dk Ndú; lrñka ,shkafka 0'04 f,i hs'
100
0'04 lshjkq ,nkafka ìkaÿjhs oYu ìkaÿjhs y;r f,isks'
27
i,luq'
100
27 20 7 2 7 1 1
= + = + = +
100 100 100 10 100 10 tA j d 2 100 tAjd 7 = 0'2 + 0'07
27
oYuia:dk Ndú; lrñka ,shkafka" 0'27 f,isks'
100
0'27 lshjkq ,nkafka ìkaÿjhs oYu folhs y; f,isks'

0'27 .Kl rduqjlska ksrEmKh lruq'
1 tAjd tAjd tAjd

tfiau" o o fõ'
ixLHdjl m<uq oYuia:dkhg miqj we;s b,lalu msysgk ia:dkh

fojk oYuia:dkh f,i y÷kajkq ,efí' fojk oYuia:dkhg wod<
1
ia:dkSh w.h 100 fõ'
fuf;la bf.k .;a lreKq Ndú;fhka" oYuia:dk folla iys;
ixLHdjl tla tla b,lafuka ksrEmKh jk w.h fidhd n,uq'

fï i|yd 19'67 hk ixLHdj i,luq'
tla tla ia:dkh y;/ia fldgqjlska i,l=Kq fldg" 19'67ys tla tla
b,lalfï ia:dk my; rEmfha olajd we;'
tlia:dkh m<uq oYuia:dkh
oiia:dkh fojk oYuia:dkh
1 9 . 6 7
oiia:dkfha
b,lalu fojk oYuia:dkfha b,lalu
tlia:dkfha m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalu
b,lalu
19'67" .Kl rduqjlska ksrEmKh lruq'
10 tAjd 1 tAjd tAjd tAjd
19'67ys 1 msysgk ia:dkh oiia:dkh fõ'

19'67ys 1ka ksrEmKh jk w.h = 10 × 1 = 10
19'67ys 9 msysgk ia:dkh tlia:dkh fõ'
19'67ys 9ka ksrEmKh jk w.h = 1 × 9 = 9
19'67ys 6 msysgk ia:dkh m<uq oYuia:dkh fõ'
1
19'67ys 6ka ksrEmKh jk w.h = 10 tAjd 6 = = 0'6
19'67ys 7 msysgk ia:dkh fojk oYuia:dkh fõ'
1 7
19'67ys 7ka ksrEmKh jk w.h = tAjd 7 = = 0'07
100 100
oYu ixLHdjl oYu ;s;g jïmiska we;s fldgi mQ¾K ixLHd fldgi
f,i y÷kajhs' WodyrKhla f,i 19'67ys mQ¾K ixLHd fldgi 19 fõ'
ksoiqk 1
tu b,lalu tu b,lalfuka
ixLHdj b,lalu
msysgk ia:dkh ksrEmKh jk w.h
1 3
1.3 3 tAjd 3 = = 0.3
m<uq oYuia:dkh 10 10
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ................................
1 8
1.28 8 fojk oYuia:dkh 100 tAjd 8 = 100 = 0.08
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ......................................
14.65 4 tlia:dkh 1 tAjd 4 = 4
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ..................................
1 9
25.39 9 fojk oYuia:dkh 100 tAjd 9 = 100 = 0.09
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' .....................................
1
1991.06 0 tAjd 0 = 0
m<uq oYuia:dkh 10
'''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ...................................
ls%hdldrlu 1
^1& my; oelafjk tla tla ixLHdj .Kl rduq u.ska ksrEmKh
lrkak'
(i) 0.21 (ii) 6.78 (iii) 9.99 (iv) 10.01 (v) 112.65
13'2 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk tla tla Nd.h" oYuia:dk Ndú; lrñka ,shd
olajkak'
9 30 8
(i) 4 (ii) 28 (iii) 7 (iv) 100 (v) 100 (vi)
10 100 10 10
(2) my; oelafjk tla tla ixLHdj wl=ßka ,shd olajkak'
(i) 0.1 (ii) 0.52 (iii) 12.7 (iv) 18.3 (v) 8.99

(3) my; oelafjk tla tla .Kl rduqfjka ksrEmKh lr we;s ixLHdj
,shd olajkak'
(i) (ii) (iii)
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 tAjd 10 tAjd 100 tAjd 1 tAjd 10 tAjd 100 tAjd 10 tAjd 1 tAjd 10 tAjd 100 tAjd
(4) my; wl=ßka olajd we;s tla tla ixLHdj b,lalfuka ,shkak'
(i)
ìkaÿjhs oYu folhs tl
(ii)
tlhs oYu tl
(iii)
tlish folhs oYu ìxÿjhs fol
(iv)
ody;hs oYu tlhs y;
(v)
oyhhs oYu wghs my
(5) my; oelafjk j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
tu b,lalu msysgk tu b,lalfuka

ixLHdj b,lalu
ia:dkfha ku ksrEmKh jk w.h
2.73 2
0.61 6
21.17 7
1.03 0
2.0 0
145.91 9
13'3 oYu ixLHd ixikaokh
oYu ixLHd ixikaokh Nd. weiqfrka
1
= 0'1 = 0'2
10
1 2 1 2
10
yd 10 hk Nd.j,ska" < 10 nj" wms Nd. mdvfï § bf.k .;af;uq'
10
tkï 0'1" 0'2g jvd l=vd fõ' tkï" 0'1 < 0'2
oeka wms 0'7 yd 0'5 ixLHdj,ska jvd úYd, ixLHdj fidhuq'
o 5 = 0'5 o fõ'
10
7 5
> neúka" 0'7 > 0'5
10 10
tu ksid 0'7 yd 0'5 ixLHdj,ska jvd úYd, ixLHdj jkafka 0'7 h'
1
yd 0'8 ixikaokh lruq'
o 0'8 = o fõ'

neúka" 1'0 > 0'8

=1 = 0'8
tkï" 1" 0'8g jvd úYd, fõ'
2 yd 1'8 ixikaokh lruq'

rEmh wkqj 2 > 1'8 nj meyeÈ,s
fõ'
2 1'8
oyfhka mx.= ixikaokh bf.k.;a wms oeka ishfhka mx.= ixikaokh
lruq'
0'23 yd 0'52 ixikaokh lruq'
23 52
0'23 = 100 o 0'52 = o fõ'
100
23 52
100
< 100 neúka" 0'23 < 0'52 fõ' tkï" 0'52" 0'23g jvd úYd, fõ'
0'3 yd 0'32 ixikaokh lruq'

o o fõ'
yd ixikaokh lsÍug" wms fuu Nd. yrh iudk jQ Nd. njg

m;a lr .ksuq'
3 3 × 10 30
= =
10 10 × 10 100

3
tkï" " g ;=,H Nd.hls'
10

30 32
< neúka" 0'30 < 0'32
100 100
tkï" 0'3 < 0'32
●● oYu ixLHd ixikaokh i|yd ;j;a l%uhla

oYu ixLHdjl tla tla b,lalfï úYd,;ajh weiqfrka oYu ixLHd
ixikaokh l< yels h'
oYu ixLHd folla ixikaokh lsÍfï §" úYd, mQ¾K ixLHd fldgi
we;s ixLHdj jvd úYd, ixLHdj fõ' ixLHd foflys mQ¾K ixLHd
fldgia iudk kï" oYuia:dkj, we;s b,lalïj,g wkqj ixikaokh
l< hq;= h'
túg ixLHd foflys m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalu úYd, ixLHdj
jvd úYd, ixLHdj fõ' ixLHd foflys m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalï
iudk kï" fojk oYuia:dkfha b,lalï ie,lsh hq;= h' túg fojk
oYuia:dkfha we;s b,lalu úYd, ixLHdj jvd úYd, ixLHdj fõ'
ksoiqk 1
4'15" 3'76 yd 3'52 ixLHd wdfrdayK mámdáhg ,shkak'
fuu ixLHd ;=fkys mQ¾K ixLHd fldgi úYd,;u ixLHdj jkafka
4'15 h' tu ksid" 4'15 úYd,;u ixLHdj fõ'
oeka wms 3.76 yd 3.52 ixLHd i,luq'
3.76 yd 3.52 ixLHd foflys mQ¾K ixLHd fldgia iudk fõ'
tu ksid tu ixLHdj, m<uq oYuia:dkfha we;s b,lalï i,ld n,uq'
3.76ys m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalu 7 fõ'
3.52ys m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalu 5 fõ'
fuys § 7 > 5 neúka" 3.76 > 3.52
tA wkqj" by; ixLHd wdfrdayK mámdáhg ,shQ úg 3.52, 3.76, 4.15 fõ'

ksoiqk 2
8.76 yd 8.72 hk ixLHdj,ska jvd úYd, ixLHdj l=ula o?
8.76 yd 8.72ys mQ¾K ixLHd fldgia iudk fõ'
ixLHd foflys u m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalï o iudk fõ'
oeka wms tu ixLHd foflys fojk oYuia:dkfha we;s b,lalï i,luq'
8.76ys fojk oYuia:dkfha b,lalu 6 o 8.72ys fojk oYuia:dkfha
b,lalu 2 o fõ' fuys § 6 > 2 neúka" 8.76 > 8.72
tu ksid by; ixLHd foflka jvd úYd, ixLHdj jkafka 8.76 fõ'
ksoiqk 3
0'3" 0'33" 0'03 ixLHd wdfrdayK mámdáhg ,shkak'
0'3 = 0'30 o neúka" 0'30" 0'33" 0'03 ixLHd i,luq'
²² fuu ixLHd ;=fkys u mQ¾K ixLHd fldgia iudk fõ'
²² m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalu l=vd;u jkafka 0.03ys h' tu ksid 0.03
l=vd;u ixLHdj fõ'
● 0.3 yd 0.33 ixLHdj, m<uq oYuia:dkfha b,lalu iudk fõ'
tAjdfha fojk oYuia:dkfha b,lalu úYd, jkafka 0.33ys h'
²² tu ksid" 0.33 > 0.3
²² tA wkqj" by; ixLHd wdfrdayK mámdáhg ,shQ úg 0.03" 0.3" 0.33
fõ'
13'3 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk tla tla ixLHd hq.,h w;=ßka jvd úYd, ixLHdj
f;dard ,shkak'
(i) 0.1 yd 0.5 (ii) 0.06 yd 0.6
(iii) 2.35 yd 2.53 (iv) 3.05 yd 3.51
(v) 7.1 yd 7.09 (vi) 2.58 yd 5.21

(2) my; oelafjk tla tla oYu ixLHd hq.,h i|yd > fyda < fyda =
fyda ixfla;h ksjerÈj fhdod ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
(i) 0.05 '''''''''' 0.50 (ii) 0.7 '''''''''' 0.70
(iii) 2.81 '''''''''' 3.18 (iv) 4.04 '''''''''' 4.40
(v) 1.2 '''''''''' 1.20 (vi) 2.85 '''''''''' 2.82
(3) my; ixLHd wdfrdayK mámdáhg ilia lrkak'
(i) 0.25, 0.5, 0.52, 2.05 (ii) 2.35, 3.78, 1.23, 4.35
(iii) 0.04, 4, 4.04, 0.44 (iv) 1.31, 1.33,3.13, 3.03
13'4 oYu ixLHd tl;= lsÍu

0'3 yd 0'2 tl;= lruq'
fuu rEmh u.ska tallhla ksrEmKh
lrk w;r" th iudk fldgia oyhlg
fnod we;'
1
u.ska 10 la" tkï 0'1la ksrEmKh fõ'
2
u.ska 10 la" tkï 0'2la o"
3
u.ska 10 la" tkï 0'3la o ksrEmKh flf¾'
tA wkqj"
2 3 5
+ =
10 10 10

0'2 + 0'3 = 0'5
0.2 + 0.3 my; wdldrhg o ,shd tl;= l< yels h'
0.2 fuys oelafjk mßÈ" ixLHd foflys tla tla ia:dkfha b,lalï
+ 0.3 tl u ;Srfha msysgk fia;a" oYu ;s; tl u ;Srfha msysgk
0.5 fia;a" ixLHd ,shdf.k tajdfha tla tla ia:dkj, b,lalï
fjk fjk u tl;= lruq'
2.57
+ 1.68 fMlHh fidhuq'
fuu tl;= lsÍu my; mshjrj,a u.ska meyeÈ,s lr .ksuq'

1
mshjr 1 - 100 tAjd tl;= lruq'
1 1
7 + 8 = 15
1 10 100 1 10 + 5 1 1
tAjd tAjd tAjd 100
tA j d 15 hkq " 100 100 " tkï 10 tA j d 1la yd 100
2 . 5 7
1 tAjd 5ls'
1
+ 1 . 6 8 tAjd 5 fojk oYuia:dkfha 5 b,lalfuka
100
5 1
ksrEmKh lr" 10 tAjd 1 m<uq oYuia:dkhg f.k
15 huq'
1
1 1 mshjr 2 -- 10 tAjd tl;= lruq'
1 10 100
tAjd tAjd tAjd 1 + 5 + 6 = 12
2 . 15 7
1 1 1
tajd 12 hkq 1 tAjd 1la yd 10 tAjd 2ls'
+ 1 . 6 8 10
1
2 5 10 tajd
2 m<uq oYuia:dkfha 2 b,lalfuka
12 ksrEmKh lr" tfla tAjd 1" tlia:dkhg f.k huq'
1
1 1
mshjr 3 -
10 100
tAjd tAjd tAjd ;s; tl u ;Srhg isák fia ms<s;=frys o ,shkq
2 . 15 7
1 ,efí' oeka tfla tAjd tl;= lruq'
+ 1 . 6 8 1+2+1=4
4 . 2 5 tkï tfla tAjd 4ls' 4" tlia:dk ;Srfha ,shuq'
12 15
ms<s;=r 4'25 fõ'

5.7 yd 2.53 ixLHd tl;= lruq'
ixLHd foflys tla tla ia:dkfha b,lalï" tl u ;Srfha isák fia ,shd
tl;= lruq' 2'53ys fojk oYuia:dkfha b,lalula we;s ksid 5'7" 5'70
f,i ,shd f.k tl;= lruq'
5.70
+ 2.53
8.23
13'4 wNHdih
(1) w.h fidhkak'
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
0.1 0.71 2.71 5.32 2.7
+ 0.3 + 0.23 + 5.16 + 1.83 + 3.85

(vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x)
1.8 18.35 1.28 3.88 5.96
+ 0.2 + 35.26 + 3.84 + 9.52 + 4.04

(2) ksjil .sh udifha uq,a i;s fol ;=< úÿ,s mßfNdackh tAll 45'7la
úh' tys wjika i;s fol ;=< úÿ,s mßfNdackh tAll 50'3la úh' .sh
udifha mßfNdackh l< uq¿ úÿ,s tAll m%udKh fldmuK o@
13'5 oYu ixLHd wvq lsÍu

0.7 - 0.3 ys w.h fidhuq'

0.7
ixLHd foflys tla tla ia:dkfha b,lalï" tl u ;Srfha - 0.3
msysgk fia;a oYu ;s; tl u ;Srfha msysgk fia;a ixLHd 0.4
,shdf.k wvq lruq'


3.65 - 1.98 w.h fidhuq'
fuu wvq lsÍu my; mshjrj,a u.ska meyeÈ,s lr .ksuq'
mshjr 1 - 1 tAjd wvq lruq'
100
5" 8 g jvd l=vd fõ'
1
1 1 10 tAjd 1la fojk oYuia:dkhg f.k tuq'
1 10 100 1
tAjd tAjd tAjd túg m<uq oYuia:dkfha 10 tajd 5la b;sß fõ'
5 15
3 . 6 5 1 1
- 1 . 9 8 10 tAjd 1la hkq 100 tAjd 10ls'
1
10 + 5 = 15 tkï" fojk oYuia:dkfha 100 tAjd 15 ls'
7
1 1 1
100 tAjd 15ka 100 tAjd 8la wvq l< úg" 100 tAjd 7ls'
1
100 tAjd 7" fojk oYuia:dkfha 7 b,lalfuka ksrEmKh lruq'

1 1 10
1 10 100
tAjd tAjd tAjd 5" 9 g jvd l=vd fõ'
2 5 15
3 . 6 5 tfla tAjd 3ka 1la m<uq oYuia:dkhg f.k tuq' túg
- 1 . 9 8 tfla tajd 2la tlia:dk ;Srefõ b;sß fõ'
. 6 7 1 tAjd 10ls'
1 hkq" 10
1
túg m<uq oYuia:dkfha 10 tAjd 15ls'
1 1 1
10 tAjd 15ka 10 tAjd 9la wvq l< úg 10 tAjd 6ls'
1
10 tAjd 6" m<uq oYuia:dkfha 6 b,lalñka ksrEmKh
lruq'
1 1
1 10 100 oYu ;s; tl u ;Srhlg isák fia ms<s;=frys o ,shkq
tAjd tAjd tAjd
2 5 15 ,efí'
3 . 6 5 oeka tfla tAjd wvq lruq'
- 1 . 9 8
2 -1 =1
1 . 6 7
1 tlia:dk ;Srfha ,shuq'
ms<s;=r 1'67 fõ'
ksoiqk 1
12.7 - 8.53 w.h fidhkak'

12.70 tla tla ia:dkfha b,lalï tl u ;Srfha isák
- 8.53 fia ,shd wvq lruq' 12'7" 12'70 f,i ,shd .;a úg
4.17 ixLHd fofla u oYuia:dk .Kk iudk fõ'
13'5 wNHdih
(1) w.h fidhkak'
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)
0.9 3.6 2.3 8.39 2.85
- 0.5 - 2.5 - 1.7 - 2.21 -1.08

(vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x)
15.08 15.08 7.22 80.01 2.08
- 1.79 - 0.84 - 5.34 -19.99 -1.99

(2) mshd úiska ish mq;=ka fofokd jk ksu,a yd iqks,a fj; ish bvfuka
0'75l m%udKhla mjrd ÿkafka h' ksu,ag ,enqKq m%udKh bvfuka
0'48la kï" iqks,ag ,enqKq m%udKh bvfuka fldmuK m%udKhla o?
(3) c, úÿ,s n,d.drhla wdY%s; c,dYhl msrúh yels uq¿ c, m%udKfhka
0'7la muK wvx.= wjia:djl uq¿ c, m%udKfhka 0'15l m%udKhla
úÿ,s ksIamdokhg fhdod .eks‚' oeka c,dYfha b;sß c, m%udKh"
fidhkak'
idrdxYh
²² oYu ixLHdjl" oYu ;s;g miqj we;s ia:dkh m<uq oYuia:dkh f,i;a"
B<Õg we;s ia:dkh fojk oYuia:dkh f,i;a ye¢kafõ'
²² oYu ixLHd ixikaokfha §" oYu ixLHd Nd. ixLHd f,i ,sùfuka
fyda oYu ixLHdj, tla tla ia:dkhg wod< b,lalfï úYd,;ajh
ie,lSfuka fyda ixikaokh l< yels h'
²² oYu ixLHd tl;= lsÍfï § yd wvq lsÍfï § tu ixLHdj, tla tla
ia:dkfhys b,lalïj, ksrEmKh jk w.h i,lñka .‚; l¾uh
isÿ l< hq;= fõ'
14 ixLHd j¾. yd ixLHd rgd
² mQ¾K ixLHd w;=ßka"
brÜg ixLHd"
T;af;a ixLHd"
m%:ul ixLHd"
ixhq; ixLHd"
iup;=ri% ixLHd yd
;%sfldaK ixLHd y÷kd .ekSug iy
² tjeks ixLHd ldKavj,ska iEfok ixLHd rgd y÷kd .ekSug
yelshdj ,efí'
14'1 brÜg ixLHd iy T;af;a ixLHd

wms fuys § mQ¾K ixLHd w;=ßka brÜg ixLHd iy T;af;a ixLHd fjk
fjk u y÷kd .ksuq'
mEka yhla ksud,s yd úud,s w;f¾ my; oelafjk wdldrhg iudk j
fnÈh yels h'

ksud,sg ,enqKq úud,sg ,enqKq

mEka .Kk mEka .Kk

my; j.=fõ oelafjk mEka ixLHd" fuu fofokd w;f¾ iudk j fnÈh
yels

oehs úuiuq'
mEka ixLHdj ksud,sg úud,sg
mEka ixLHdj rEmhlska ,efnk ,efnk b;sß m%udKh
m%udKh m%udKh
2 b;sß fkdfõ
4 b;sß fkdfõ
8 b;sß fkdfõ
fuhska fmkS hkafka 2" 4" 6 iy 8 jeks m%udK iudk f.dvj,a follg
fnÈh yels nj hs' tkï fujeks ixLHd yßhgu 2ka fnfok njhs'
fuf,i 2" 4" 6 iy 8 jeks yßhg u foflka fnfok ixLHd brÜg
ixLHd fõ' 0 o brÜg ixLHdjls'
mQ¾K ixLHdjla foflka b;sß ke;sj fnfoa kï" tu ixLHdj brÜg
ixLHdjls'
fï wkqj" ìkaÿfjka mgka .kakd brÜg ixLHd 0" 2" 4" 6" 8" 10" 12" '''
f,i ms<sfj<ska ,shd oelaúh yels h'
by; f;dr;=re wkqj" 3 iy 5 jeks m%udK" úud,s yd ksud,s fofokd
w;f¾ iudk j b;sß ke;sj fnÈh fkdyels h' fofokdg iudk mEka
ixLHd ÿka úg" wjidkfha 1la b;sß fõ'
1" 3" 5" 7" 9 iy 11 jeks yßhg u 2ka fkdfnfok ixLHd T;af;a ixLHd fõ'
mQ¾K ixLHdjla foflka fn¥ úg tlla b;sß fõ kï" tu ixLHdj
T;af;a ixLHdjls'
fï wkqj" 1ka mgka .kakd T;af;a ixLHd 1" 3" 5" 7" 9" 11" 13" ''' f,i
ms<sfj<ska ,shd oelaúh yels h'

igyk
yy 2 iy 6 hk brÜg ixLHd fol tl;= l< úg ,efnk ixLHdj jk
8 brÜg ixLHdjls' fï wdldrhg ´kEu brÜg ixLHd folla tl;=
l< úg ,efnkafka brÜg ixLHdjls'
my; oelafjk m%ldYk o" WodyrK u.ska ;yjqre lr.; yels h'
yy T;af;a ixLHd 2la tl;= l< úg brÜg ixLHdjla ,efí'
yy brÜg ixLHdjla iy T;af;a ixLHdjla tl;= l< úg" T;af;a
ixLHdjla ,efí'
yy brÜg ixLHdjlska" brÜg ixLHdjla wvq l< úg" brÜg ixLHdjla
,efí'
yy T;af;a ixLHdjlska T;af;a ixLHdjla wvq l< úg" brÜg ixLHdjla
,efí'
yy brÜg ixLHdjlska T;af;a ixLHdjla wvq l< úg" T;af;a ixLHdjla
,efí'
yy T;af;a ixLHdjlska brÜg ixLHdjla wvq l< úg" T;af;a ixLHdjla
,efí'
yy T;af;a ixLHdjla T;af;a ixLHdjlska .=K l< úg T;af;a ixLHdjla
,efí'
yy brÜg ixLHdjla fyda T;af;a ixLHdjla fyda brÜg ixLHdjlska
.=K l< úg brÜg ixLHdjla ,efí'
ksoiqk 1
my; i|yka tla tla ixLHdj brÜg ixLHdjla o T;af;a ixLHdjla o
hkak ,shd olajkak'
(i) 8 (ii) 13 (iii) 32 (iv) 17 (v) 100 (vi) 351 (vii) 1001

(i) 8 ÷ 2 = 4 hs b;sß 0 hs' tu ksid 8 brÜg ixLHdjls'
(ii) 13 ÷ 2 = 6 hs b;sß 1 hs' tu ksid 13 T;af;a ixLHdjls'
(iii) 32 ÷ 2 = 16 hs b;sß 0 hs' tu ksid 32 brÜg ixLHdjls'
(iv) 17 ÷ 2 = 8 hs b;sß 1 hs. tu ksid 17 T;af;a ixLHdjls'
(v) 100 ÷ 2 = 50 hs b;sß 0 hs' tu ksid 100 brÜg ixLHdjls'
(vi) 351 ÷ 2 = 175 hs b;sß 1 hs. tu ksid 351 T;af;a ixLHdjls'
(vii) 1001 ÷ 2 = 500 hs b;sß 1 hs. tu ksid 1001 T;af;a ixLHdjls'

14'1 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk j.=j msgm;a lr f.k iïmQ¾K lrkak'
ixLHdj 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
brÜg ✓
T;af;a ✓
(2) my; oelafjk tla tla ixLHdj brÜg kï" brÜg fma<sfha we;s
fldgqjla ;=< o T;af;a kï" T;af;a fma<sfha we;s fldgqjla ;=< o
,shd olajkak'
6" 7" 21" 24" 30" 35" 62" 70" 59" 100" 87" 71" 93" 94
brÜg ixLHd
T;af;a ixLHd
(3) iq¿ lsÍfuka f;drj" my; oelafjk tla tla m%ldYkfha iq¿
lsÍfuka ,efnk ixLHdj T;af;a o ke;fyd;a brÜg oehs ,shkak'
(i) 31 + 52 (ii) 103 + 527 (iii) 32 − 15 (iv) 88 + 424
(v) 101 − 27 (vi) 298 − 114 (vii) 89 − 22 (viii) 32 × 18
(ix)
153 × 36 (x) 27 × 39
●● tlia:dkfha msysá b,lalu wkqj mQ¾K ixLHdjla brÜg oehs

T;af;a oehs úuid ne,Su
2157" 34 826 jeks ixLHd foflka fkdfnod tu ixLHd brÜg o T;af;a
oehs fiùu i|yd ;j;a l%uhla úuid n,uq'
mQ¾K ixLHd lsysmhla f.k tu ixLHdj, tla tla b,lalfuka
ksrEmKh jk w.h wkqj tAjd my; wdldrhg ,shd .ksuq'
124 = 100 + 20 + 4
230 = 200 + 30 + 0
395 = 300 + 90 + 5
761 = 700 + 60 + 1
842 = 800 + 40 + 2
2157 = 2000 + 100 + 50 + 7
34 826 = 30 000 + 4000 + 800 + 20 + 6
fuhska meyeÈ,s jkafka" ´kE u mQ¾K ixLHdjl oiia:dkfha"
ishia:dkfha iy oyia:dkfha we;s b,lalïj,ska ksrEmKh jk
w.hka oyfha .=Kdldr ksid 2ka yßhg u fnfok nj hs' tu ksid
tlia:dkfha ;sfnk b,lalu 2ka yßhgu fnfoa kï" § we;s mQ¾K
ixLHdj foflka yßhg u fnfoa'
hï mQ¾K ixLHdjl tlia:dkfha we;af;a 0" 2" 4" 6 iy 8 hk
b,lalïj,ska tlla kï" tu ixLHdj brÜg ixLHdjla fõ'
mQ¾K ixLHdjl tlia:dkfha we;af;a 1" 3" 5" 7 iy 9 hk b,lalïj,ska
tlla kï" tu ixLHdj T;af;a ixLHdjla fõ'

ksoiqk 1
(i) 0;a 10;a w;r we;s brÜg ixLHd ,shkak'
^fuys § ms<s;=rg 0;a 10;a wh;a fkdfõ&'
2" 4" 6" 8
(ii) 0 isg 10 olajd we;s brÜg ixLHd ,shkak'
^fuys § ms<s;=rg 0 wh;a jk w;r 10 wh;a fkdfõ&'
0" 2" 4" 6" 8
(iii) 0 isg 10 f;la we;s brÜg ixLHd ,shkak'
^fuys §" ms<s;=rg 0;a 10;a hk folu wh;a fõ&'
0" 2" 4" 6" 8" 10
14'2 wNHdih
(1) 10;a 25;a w;r we;s brÜg ixLHd ,shkak'

(2) 19 isg 35 olajd we;s T;af;a ixLHd ,shkak'
(3) 13 isg 24 f;la we;s brÜg ixLHd ,shkak'
(4) my; i|yka ixLHd w;=ßka brÜg ixLHd yd T;af;a ixLHd fjk
fjku ,shkak'
456, 395, 714, 1852, 341, 27 850, 148 400, 397 659, 8 000 008
(5) Tfí Wmka j¾Ih" udih iy Èkh ixLHdj,ska ms<sfj<ska ,shkak'
tu tla tla ixLHdj T;af;a o brÜg o hkak ,shd olajkak'
(6) zzfuu ia:dkfha jdyk keje;aùu" udifha T;af;a Èkj, muKs'ZZ
fuu m%ldYh" k.rhl jQ tla;rd ùÓhl m%o¾Ykh lr we;' cQks
udifha" fuu ia:dkfha jdyk keje;aúh yels Èk fudkjd o@
(7) 4, 2, 3, 1 iy 0 hk b,lalïj,ska tla b,lalula tlajrla muKla
fhdod.ksñka ,súh yels ia:dk mfya T;af;a ixLHd yd brÜg ixLHd
5 ne.ska ,shkak'
14'2 m%:ul ixLHd yd ixhq; ixLHd

idOl mdvfï §" Tn bf.k .;a wdldrhg" ixLHd lsysmhl idOl
fidhuq'
ixLHdj .=‚;hla f,i ,súh yels wdldr § we;s ixLHdfõ idOl
2 1 ×2 1" 2
3 1 ×3 1" 3
4 1 × 4" 2 ×2 1" 2" 4
5 1 ×5 1" 5
6 1 × 6" 2 ×3 1" 2" 3" 6
7 1 ×7 1" 7
8 1 × 8" 2 ×4 1" 2" 4" 8
9 1 × 9" 3 ×3 1" 3" 9
by; ixLHd w;=ßka 2" 3" 5 iy 7 hk ixLHdj,ska tla tla ixLHdjg

we;af;a tlsfklg fjkia idOl 2la muKls' tkï 1;a tu ixLHdj;a
muKs'
kuq;a 4" 6" 8 iy 9 hk ixLHdj,ska tla tla ixLHdjg idOl follg

jvd jeä ixLHdjla we;'
tlg jvd úYd, 2" 3" 5 iy 7 jeks" tlsfklg fjkia idOl folla
muKla we;s mQ¾K ixLHd zzm%:ul ixLHdZZ kï fõ'
oeka wms 1 isg 20 olajd we;s m%:ul ixLHd ,shuq'

tajd 2" 3" 5" 7" 11" 13" 17 iy 19 fõ'

fuu m%:ul ixLHdj,ska 2 brÜg jk w;r" wfkla ish¨ m%:ul ixLHd
T;af;a fjhs' 2 yer fjk;a ´kE u brÜg ixLHdjl" idOl follg
jvd we;' tneúka m%:ul ixLHdj,ska brÜg m%:ul ixLHdjla jkafka
2 mu‚'
tlg jvd úYd, 4" 6" 8 iy 9 jeks tlsfklg fjkia idOl follg
jeä .Kkla we;s mQ¾K ixLHd —ixhq; ixLHd˜ kï fõ'
tA wkqj" tlg jvd úYd," m%:ul ixLHd fkdjk mQ¾K ixLHd" ixhq;
ixLHd f,i ye¢kafõ'
1 m%:ul ixLHdjla fyda ixhq; ixLHdjla fyda fkdfõ'
ls%hdldrlu 1
my; i|yka j.=fõ ysiafldgq mqrjkak'
idOl m%:ul ixLHdjla ixhq; ixLHdjla
ixLHdj idOl
ixLHdj fõ ^ & $ fkdfõ ^×& fõ ^ & $ fkdfõ ^ ×&
1
2 1, 2 2 
3
4
5
6 1, 2, 3, 6 4 × 
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

14'3 wNHdih
(1) Èk o¾Ykhl jQ ckjdß udifha msgqj my; oelafõ' th msgm;a

lrf.k tys oelafjk ixLHd w;=ßka m%:ul ixLHd jgd rjqï w¢kak'
ixhq; ixLHd jgd ;%sfldaK w¢kak'
i÷od wÕyrejdod nodod n%yiam;skaod isl=rdod fikiqrdod bßod
1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11
12 13 14 15 16 17 18
19 20 21 22 23 24 25
26 27 28 29 30 31
^2& my; i|yka igyk msgm;a lrf.k" § we;s ixLHd w;=ßka tla tla
m%:ul ixLHdj" m%:ul ixLHd ÈYdjg o" tla tla ixhq; ixLHdj
ixhq; ixLHd ÈYdjg o B ysilska fhduq lrkak'
33
35
37
m%:ul ixLHd 38 ixhq; ixLHd
39
41
51
53

(3) (i) wkqhd; m%:ul ixLHd hq.,hla ,shkak'
(ii) wkqhd; ixhq; ixLHd hq.,hla ,shkak'
(4) 1;a 10;a w;r ixLHdj,ska m%:ul ixLHdjla fkdjk T;af;a ixLHdj
l=ula o@
(5) (i) tl;=j 30 jk m%:ul ixLHd hq.,hla fidhkak'
(ii) 14" m%:ul ixLHd foll .=Ks;hla f,i ,shkak'
(6) (i) l=vd;u m%:ul ixLHdj l=ula o@
(ii) l=vd;u ixhq; ixLHdj l=ula o@
(7) 20;a 30;a w;r msysá ixhq; ixLHd ,shkak'
(8) m%:ul ixLHdjla jk tl u brÜg ixLHdj l=ula o@

14'3 iup;=ri% ixLHd
iup;=ri%dldr f,i ;s;a igyklska ksrEmKh l< yels ixLHd lsysmhla

my; oelafõ'
1 4 9 16
fma<s 1 fma<s 2 fma<s 3 fma<s 4
;Sr 1 ;Sr 2 ;Sr 3 ;Sr 4
tla tla ixLHdj ksrEmKh lrk ;s;a igyfka fma<shl we;s ;s;a
ixLHdj;a" ;Srhl we;s ;s;a ixLHdj;a tlsfklg iudk fõ' tu iudk
ixLHd fol .=K ùfuka" tu ;s;aj,ska ksrEmKh lr we;s ixLHdj
,efí'
tkï"
1 = 1 × 1
4 = 2 × 2
9 = 3 × 3
16 = 4 × 4
25" 36" 49 jeks ixLHd o by; wdldrhg ms<sfh, l< yels fõ' fujeks
ixLHd iup;=ri% ixLHd hehs lshkq ,efí'
14'4 wNHdih
(1) Èk o¾Ykhl ckjdß udifha Èk olajd we;s msgqfõ we;s ixLHdj,ska

iup;=ri% ixLHd fudkjd o@
(2) 1 isg 100 f;la we;s iup;=ri% ixLHd ,shkak'
(3) 50;a 150;a w;r we;s iup;=ri% ixLHd ,shkak'
(4) 0;a 6;a w;r msysá T;af;a ixLHd tl;= lrkak' ,efnk w.h
iup;=ri% ixLHdjla jkafka oehs fidhkak'
(5) 0;a 10;a w;r msysá T;af;a ixLHd tl;= lrkak' ,efnk w.h
iup;=ri% ixLHdjla jkafka oehs fidhkak'
14'4 ;%sfldaK ixLHd
fj<|i,l c, k< wiqrd ;snqKq wdldrh my; rEmfha oelafõ'
fuh bÈßmiska neÆ úg fmfkk wdldrh my;ska oelafõ'
th ;s%fldaKdldr yevhla .kakd nj Tng fmfkkq we;' fuys we;s c,

k< m%udKh fldmuK oehs n,uq'
uqÿfka isg tla tla fma<sfha we;s c, k< m%udKh ms<sfj<ska 1" 2" 3"
4" 5 iy 6 fõ' tA wkqj 21 hk ixLHdj ;s%fldaKdldr ;s;a igyklska
ksrEmKh l< yels h' fuu ixLHd tl;= lsÍfuka uq¿ c, k< ixLHdj"
21la f,i ,efí'
tjeks ;%sfldaKdldr ;s;a igyklska ksrEmKh l< yels ixLHd lsysmhla
wkqms<sfj<ska i,ld n,uq'
1 3 6 10 15
fï wdldrhg ksrEmKh l< yels ixLHdj,g ;s%fldaK ixLHd hehs
lshkq ,efí' tla tla ;s%fldaK ixLHdfõ ieliqu my; wdldrhg o
oelaúh yels fõ'

tla tla fma<sfha we;s ;s;a .Kk ie,l+ úg"
m<uqjeks ieliqfï ksrEmKh jk ;s%fldaK ixLHdj = 1 = 1
fojeks ieliqfï ksrEmKh jk ;s%fldaK ixLHdj = 1 + 2 = 3
;=kajeks ieliqfï ksrEmKh jk ;s%fldaK ixLHdj = 1 + 2 + 3 = 6
y;rjeks ieliqfï ksrEmKh jk ;s%fldaK ixLHdj = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
miajeks ieliqfï ksrEmKh jk ;sf
% ldaK ixLHdj = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15
by; úia;r lsÍug wkqj" tflka wdrïN lr hï mQ¾K ixLHdjla f;la
wkqms<sfj<ska we;s ixLHd tl;= lsÍfuka ;s%fldaK ixLHdjla ,nd .;
yels h' fï wkqj" 10 jk ;s%fldaK ixLHdj ,nd .ekSug wjYH kï"
tflka wdrïN lr 10 f;la wkqms<sfj<ska we;s mQ¾K ixLHd tl;= l<
hq;= fõ'
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 + 8 + 9 + 10 = 55
tkï" 10jk ;%sfldaK ixLHdj 55 fõ'
14'5 wNHdih
(1) .... ;%sfldaK ixLHdjla ksrEmKh lsÍug we| we;s wiïmQ¾K

.........
............. ;s;a igykla rEmfha olajd we;' fuu igyk iïmQ¾K
..... lr wod< ;%sfldaK ixLHdj ,shkak'
(2) uq,a fma<sj, ,shd we;s wdldrhg b;sß fma<s iïmQ¾K lrkak'
1 =1
1 + 2 = 3
1 + 2 + 3 =6
1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' = ''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' = ''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' = ''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' = ''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' = ''''''''''''
(3) l=vd;u ;s%fldaK ixLHdj l=ula o@
(4) ;s%fldaK ixLHdjla ;s%fldaKdldr ;s;a igyklska ksrEmKh l< úg
hg u fma<sfha ;s;a 11la ;sì‚' tu ;s%fldaK ixLHdj l=ula o@
5' r' uq' kS' i' 190377
(5) fuu wNHdifha ^2& .Kfka ,enqKq ;s%fldaK ixLHd w;=ßka tl <`.
we;s ;s%fldaK ixLHd folla tl;= lrkak' túg ,efnk ixLHdj
iup;=ri% ixLHdjla fõ o@
14'5 ixLHd rgd

foflka mgka f.k jeä jk ms<sfj<g brÜg ixLHd ,shuq'
2" 4" 6" 8" 10" '''
fuh foflka mgka f.k l%ufhka jeä jk ms<sfj<g ,shQ brÜg ixLHd
rgdj hs'
tflka mgka f.k jeä jk ms<sfj<g T;af;a ixLHd ,shuq'
1" 3" 5" 7" 9" '''
fuh tflka mgka f.k l%ufhka jeä jk ms<sfj<g ,shQ T;af;a ixLHd
rgdj hs'
9ka mgka f.k jeä jk ms<sfj<g iup;=ri% ixLHd ,shuq'
9" 16" 25" 36" '''
fuh kjfhka mgka f.k" l%ufhka jeä jk ms<sfj<g ,shQ iup;=ri%
ixLHd rgdj hs'
1" 3" 6" 10" 15" ''' hkq l%ufhka jeä jk ms<sfj<g ,shQ ;%sfldaK ixLHd
rgdj hs'
fuf,i hï .‚;uh Í;shlg wkqj" ms<sfh< lr we;s ixLHd rgdjl
tla tla ixLHdj" tu rgdfõ mohla f,i ye¢kafõ'
14'6 wNHdih
(1) 1" 3" 6" 10" ''' hkq l%ufhka jeä jk ms<sfj<g ,shQ ;s%fldaK ixLHd
rgdj hs' fuys 8 jk moh fidhkak'
(2) 1" 4" 9" 16" ''' hkq jeä jk ms<sfj<g ,shQ iup;=ri%% ixLHd rgdj hs'
(i) tys 12 jk moh fidhkak'
(ii) 49 jkafka tys lS jk moh o @
(iii) 65 hk ixLHdj fuu ixLHd rgdfõ mohla fõ o@
(iv) 50 iy 100 w;r we;s" fuu ixLHd rgdfõ mo fudkjd o@


(3) my; oelafjk tla tla ixLHd rgdj, uq,a mo 5 ne.ska ,shkak'
(i) 5g jeä brÜg ixLHd l%ufhka jeä jk mss<sfj<g ,shQ úg"
(ii) 10g jeä 3 ys .=Kdldr rgdj l%ufhka jeä jk ms<sfj<g ,shQ
úg"
(iii) 1ka mgka f.k m%:ul fkdjk ;%sfldaK ixLHd" jeä jk
mss<sfj<g ,shQ úg"
ñY% wNHdih
^1& 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32
(i) by; oelafjk ms<sfj<g 1 isg 50 f;la we;s ixLHd Tfí
wNHdi fmdf;a ,shd .kak'
(ii) tys 1 lmd yßkak'
(iii) 2 jgd rjqula w|skak'
(iv) 2 yer b;sß 2ys .=Kdldr lmd yßkak'
(v) 3 jgd rjqula w|skak'
(vi) 3 yer b;sß 3 ys .=Kdldr lmd yßkak'
(vii) 5 jgd rjqula w|skak' 5 yer b;sß 5ys .=Kdldr lmd yßkak'
(viii) 7 jgd rjqula w|skak' 7 yer b;sß 7ys .=Kdldr lmd yßkak'
(ix) oeka" b;sß ù we;s ixLHd ish,a, rjqï lrkak' rjqï lr we;s
ixLHd m%:ul ixLHd oehs mÍlaId lr ;yjqre lr .kak'
(2) wkqhd; mQ¾K ixLHd follska tlla T;af;a ixLHdjla o wfkl

brÜg ixLHdjla o jk nj wud,s mjikakS h' fuh i;H o"
wi;H o@

(3) jeä jk ms<sfj<g ,shQ ;s%fldaK ixLHd rgdfõ tl <Õ mo 2la tl;=
l< úg iup;=ri% ixLHdjla ,efnk nj" chñ‚" my; oelafjk
ksoiqkaj,ska meyeÈ,s lrhs'
1 + 3 = 4
3 + 6 = 9
th i;Hoehs úuid" Tn;a tA i|yd ksoiqka ;=klaa bÈßm;a lrkak'
(4) my; i|yka jk j.ka;s yß kï  ,l=K o jerÈ kï × ,l=K o

fhdokak'
(i) 1 m%:ul ixLHdjla fõ'
(ii) l=vd u m%:ul ixLHdj 2 fõ'
(iii) ish¨ iup;=ri% ixLHd ixhq; ixLHd fõ'
(iv) ish¨ ;s%fldaK ixLHd ixhq; ixLHd fõ'
(v) 36 ixhq; ixLHdjla jk w;r" th iup;=ri% ixLHdjla o
;s%fldaK ixLHdjla o fõ'
idrdxYh
² hï mQ¾K ixLHdjl tlia:dkfha we;af;a 0" 2" 4" 6 iy 8 hk

b,lalïj,ska tlla kï" tu ixLHdj brÜg ixLHdjla fõ'
●● mQ¾K ixLHdjl tlia:dkfha we;af;a 1" 3" 5" 7 iy 9 hk b,lalïj,ska
tlla kï" tu ixLHdj T;af;a ixLHdjla fõ'
●● tlg jvd úYd," tlsfklg fjkia idOl folla we;s ixLHd
m%:ul ixLHd fõ'
●● tlg jvd úYd," tlsfklg fjkia idOl follg jeä .Kkla
we;s ixLHd ixhq; ixLHd fõ'

15 È.
²² È. uekSu i|yd Ndú; jk tall y÷kd .ekSug
²² È. uksk tall w;r iïnkaO;d y÷kd .ekSug iy
²² ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmhl mßñ;sh fiùug
yelshdj ,efí'
15'1 È." Wi" m<," .eUqr iy .klu" È.la f,i y÷kd .ekSu
120 cm
135 cm
10 m
.fkaYaf.a Wi 135 cm fõ' mdf¾ m<, 10 m fõ' wef|a m<, 120 cm fõ'
20 mm
30 cm
40 cm
ldkqqfõ .eUqr 30 cm fõ' ,E,af,a .klu 20 mm fõ'
ud¿ gexlsfha .eUqr 40 cm fõ'
by; f;dr;=re" wmg tÈfkod lghq;=j, § wikakg" olskakg ,efí'

ta iEu wjia:djl § u hï wka; folla w;r ir, f¾Çh ÿrla olajd
we;' tfia olajd we;s ir, f¾Çh ÿr" È.la f,i ye¢kafõ' ta wkqj Wi"
.eUqr" .klu iy m<, jeks jpkj,ska lshfjkafka o È.ls'
;j o" fmd;l È." m<, iy .klu jeks jpkj,ska lshfjkafka fmd;
wdY%s; È.j,a fõ'
15'1 wNHdih
(1) my; i|yka tla tla jpkh fhdod .ksñka f;dr;=re olajk wjia:d
i|yd ksoiqka myla ne.ska ,shkak'
î& Wi îi& .eUqr îii& m<, îv& .klu

15'2 È. uekSfï WmlrK yd tall
È. uekSu i|yd Ndú; lrk WmlrK lsysmhl rEm igyka my;
oelafõ'

15 cm fldaÿjla ksÍlaIKh lrkak'
tys iudk ÿßka msysá È.= bß oyih 0" 1" 2" 3"'''" 15 hk b,lalïj,ska
i,l=Kq fldg we;' tl <`. msysá È.= bß 2la w;r ÿr flá bß u.ska
iudk fldgia 10lg fnod we;'
tys olajd we;s tl <`. msysá È.= bß folla w;r ÿr fikaáógr tlls'
tl <`. msysá flá bß folla w;r ÿr ñ,sógr tlls'
tkï"
fikaáógr 1la ñ,sógr 10ls'
fikaáógr tl" 1 cm f,ig;a"
ñ,sógr tl" 1 mm f,ig;a ,shd olajhs'
tkï" 10 mm = 1 cm
ógr fldaÿjla yd úúO È.ska hq;a fÜma má imhd f.k tajd ksÍlaIKh
lrkak' tu WmlrKj, o 15 cm fldaÿfõ mßÈ 0" 1" 2" ''' wdÈ jYfhka
ixLHd yd bß len,s olakg ,efí'
ógr fldaÿfõ fikaáógr lShla f;la ,l=Kq lr we;a oehs fyd¢ka
n,kak' tys fikaáógr 0 isg fikaáógr 100 f;la ,l=Kq lr we;'
fikaáógr ishhl È.la ógr tlls'
ógr tl" 1 m f,i ,shd olajhs'
tkï" 100 cm = 1 m
ógr tlla È. fldaÿj" ógr fldaÿj f,i ye¢kafõ'
fÜma máhl ógr lShla f;la ,l=Kq lr we;a oehs ksÍlaIKh lrkak'
túg úúO m%udKfha È. we;s" fÜma má Tng y÷kd .; yels jkq we;'
úYd, È.la uekSfï § lsf,daógrh hk tallh Ndú; lrkq ,efí' ógr
1000l È.la lsf,daógrhls' lsf,daógr tl" 1 km f,i ,shd olajhs'
tkï" 1000 m = 1 km
15'3 È. uekSu
fldaÿj Ndú;fhka mekai,l È. uekSu i|yd tajd ;nd we;s wdldrh
rEmfha oelafõ'
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
mm/cm

mekaif,a fl<jrla ir, odrfha 0 fj; fhduq jk mßÈ ;nd we;'
mekaif,a ;=v 7 cm miq lr flá bß ;=kla .sh ;ekg fhduq ù we;'
tneúka fuu mekaif,a È. fikaáógr 7la iy ñ,sógr 3la fõ'
ksoiqk 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
mm/cm
rEmfha oelafjkafka lvodis máhl È. uekSug fldaÿj ;nd we;s wdldrh

hs' lvodis máfha È. lSh o@
máfha È. 6 cm 5 mm fõ'
ksoiqk 2
P Q
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
mm/cm
rEmfha oelafjk PQ ir, f¾Ld LKavfha È. lSh o@

Q ,laIHh 6 cm 8 mm g fhduq ù we;' tfy;a P ,laIHh fhduq ù
we;af;a 1 cm g neúka" f¾Ldfõ È. 6 cm 8 mm g jvd 1 cm wvq h'
tneúka PQ ir, f¾Ld LKavfha È. 5 cm 8 mm fõ'

15'2 wNHdih
^1& (i) È. uekSug isÿ jk wjia:d lsysmhla my; j.=fõ oelafõ' tu

j.=j wNHdi fmdf;a msgm;a lr .kak'
(ii) È. uekSug isÿ jk ;j;a wjia:d y;rla j.=j ;=< ,shkak'
(iii) by; tla tla wjia:dfõ i|yka È. uekSug iqÿiq
WmlrKh$WmlrK yd tallh$tall ,shd j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
wjia:dj iqÿiq WmlrK tall

1' wNHdi fmdf;a w¢k ,o ir, f¾Ld
LKavhl È.
2' ùÿre Ndckhl .eUqr
3' ,E,a,l .klu
4' mdi,a f.dvke.s,a,l È.
5' ldkqjl m<,
6' ì;a;shl Wi
7'
8'
9'
10'
(2) my; oelafjk ir, f¾Ld LKavj, È. uek ,shkak'
(i)
(ii)
(iii)
^3& § we;s RcqfldaKdi%fha È. yd

m<, uek ,shkak' îgyk(
RcqfldaKdi%hl È.ska jeä
mdofha È. tys È. f,i;a" È.ska
wvq mdofha È. tys m<, f,i;a
i,lkq ,efí&

(4) remsh,a mfya ldishl .klu uek ,shkak'

(5) ógr fldaÿj Ndú;fhka my; ñkqï ,nd .kak'
(i) .=re fïifha È. yd m<,
(ii) mka;s ldurfha È. yd m<,
(iii) l¿ ,E,af,a È. yd m<,
(iv) ldkqjl fyda j<l fyda .eUqr
(v) l¿ ,E,af,a my; odrhg fmdf<dfõ isg Wi
(6)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
mm/cm
fuu rEmfha oelafjk yqKq l+f¾ È. 8 cm 2 mm nj Tfí ñ;=rd

mjihs' ñ;=rdf.a woyig Tn tl`. jkafka o@ ms<s;=r fya;= iys; j
meyeÈ,s lrkak'
15'4 È. uksk tAll w;r iïnkaO;dj ;jÿrg;a
ñ,sógr" fikaáógr iy ógr hkq È. uekSug Ndú; lrk tAll
lsysmhla nj by; § W.;af;uq' oeka wms tu tla tla tAll w;r
iïnkaO;dj ;jÿrg;a úuid n,uq'
²² ñ,sógr iy fikaáógr w;r iïnkaO;dj
15 cm fldaÿj ksÍlaIKh lsÍfï § 10 mm È.la 1 cm f,i olajd ;snQ
nj Tn úiska y`ÿkd .kakd ,È'
10 mm = 1 cm
tu ksid
1
oYu mdvfï § W.;a mßÈ = 0.1 neúka" 1 mm = 0.1 cm.
10
oeka wms fikaáógrj,ska" § we;s È.la ñ,sógrj,ska olajk wdldrh
úuid n,uq'
1 cm = 10 mm neúka"
2 cm = 20 mm
3 cm = 30 mm
fuf,i" fikaáógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la" ñ,sógrj,ska oelaùug"
fikaáógr f,i § we;s .Kk 10ka .=K l< hq;= h'
ó<`.g ñ,sógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la fikaáógrj,ska olajk wdldrh
úuid n,uq'
10 mm = 1 cm neúka"
20 mm = 2 cm
30 mm = 3 cm
fuf,i ñ,sógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la fikaáógrj,ska oelaùug ñ,sógr
f,i § we;s .Kk 10ka fnÈh hq;= h'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
8 cm" ñ,sógrj,ska olajkak' 60 mm" fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'
8 cm = 8 × 10 mm 10 mm = 1 cm
= 80 mm 60
60 mm = cm
10
= 6 cm
ksoiqk 3
27 mm fikaáógr yd ñ,sógrj,ska olajkak'
27 mm = 20 mm + 7 mm
10 mm = 1 cm neúka" 20 mm = 2 cm'
27 mm = 2 cm + 7 mm
27 mm = 2 cm 7 mm
fï wdldrhg 10 mm la fyda thg jeä È.la fikaáógr yd ñ,sógr
j,ska olajk úg ñ,sógr .Kk 10g jvd wvq jk f,i ,shkq ,efí'
ksoiqk 4 ksoiqk 5
0'7 cm, ñ,sógrj,ska olajkak' 35 mm" fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'

1 cm = 10 mm 10 mm = 1 cm

0.1 cm = 1 mm 35 mm = 30 mm + 5 mm
0.7 cm = 7 mm 5
= 3 cm + cm
10
= 3 cm + 0.5 cm

= 3.5 cm

ksoiqk 6
5'3 cm" ñ,sógrj,ska olajkak'

5'3 cm = 5 cm + 0'3 cm fõ'
5 cm = 50 mm yd 0.3 cm = 3 mm neúka"
5.3 cm = 50 mm + 3 mm
= 53 mm

ksoiqk 7
mdróf.a mdg mekai,a fmÜáfha we;s"

r;= mdg mekaif,a È. 13'3 cm o
ks,a mdg mekaif,a È. 138 mm o
ly mdg mekaif,a È. 12 cm 8 mm o fõ'
fuu mekai,a w;=ßka È.ska jeä u mekai, l=ula o@ ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s
lrkak'
ixikaokh i|yd mekai,a ;=fkys È. tl u tallhlska ,shd olajuq'
r;= mdg mekaif,a È. = 13'3 cm
= 13 cm + 0'3 cm
= 130 mm + 3 mm
= 133 mm
ks,a mdg mekaif,a È. = 138 mm
ly mdg mekaif,a È. = 12 cm 8 mm = 120 mm + 8 mm
= 128 mm
133" 138 yd 128 hk ixLHd ;=fkka úYd,;u ixLHdj 138 neúka
138 mm È. ks,a mdg mekai, È.ska jeä u fõ'
15'3 wNHdih
(1) my; ñ,sógrj,ska olajd we;s tla tla È." fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 40 mm (ii) 240 mm (iii) 280 mm
(iv) 70 mm (v) 450 mm (vi) 100 mm

(2) ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lr ,shkak'
(ii) 15 cm 8 mm = .... cm + 8 mm
(i) 8 cm 4 mm = 8 cm + ....mm
= ... mm + ... mm = ... mm +... mm
= .... mm = .... mm
(iii) 35 cm 7 mm = .... cm + ....mm
= .... mm + ....mm
= .... mm
(3) my; olajd we;s tla tla È. ñ,sógrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 7 cm (ii) 15 cm (iii) 5 cm 4 mm
(iv) 22 cm 5 mm (v) 8.6 cm (vi) 0.4 cm
(4) my; ñ,sógrj,ska olajd we;s tla tla È." fikaáógr yd ñ,sógrj,ska
olajkak'
(i) 12 mm (ii) 138 mm (iii) 235 mm (iv) 301 mm
(5) my; ñ,sógrj,ska olajd we;s tla tla È. fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 25 mm (ii) 3 mm (iii) 123 mm
(6) fk;añf.a ueo we`.s,af,a È. 5'8 cm fõ' wudhdf.a ueo we`.s,af,a È.
57 mm fõ' wñ,df.a ueo we`.s,af,a È. 5 cm 9 mm fõ'
(i) ;sfokdf.a ueo we`.s,sj, È. fjk fjk u ñ,sógrj,ska ,shkak'
(ii) È.ska jeä u ueo we`.s,a, we;af;a fuu fofokdf.ka ldg o@
ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s lrkak'
(7) ir, f¾Ld LKav ;=kl È. my; mßÈ fõ'
m<uq f¾Ld LKavfha È. 18 cm fõ'
fojk f¾Ld LKavfha È. 195 mm fõ'
f;jk f¾Ld LKavfha È. 18 cm 7 mm fõ'
(i) by; tla tla f¾Ld LKavfha È. ñ,sógrj,ska olajkak'
(ii) thska flá u f¾Ldj l=ula o@
(8) isiqka ;sfofkla fjka fjka jYfhka" tl u mekai,l È. uek ,shd

oela jQ wdldrh my; oelafõ'
.hdka" mekaif,a È. 133 mm f,i ,sù h'

iqf¾Ia" mekaif,a È. 13 cm 3 mm f,i ,sù h'
wis;a" mekaif,a È. 13'3 cm f,i ,sù h'
;sfokdg u tlu ñkqula ,eî we;s njg fya;= olajñka meyeÈ,s
lrkak'
²² fikaáógr iy ógr w;r iïnkaO;dj
fÜma má yd ógr fldaÿj mÍlaId lsÍfï §" 100 cm È.la 1 m nj Tng
ksÍlaIKh l< yels úh'
neúka"
oYu mdvfï§ W.;a mßÈ 1 } 0'01 neúka"

100
oeka wms ógrj,ska § we;s È.la fikaáógrj,ska olajk wdldrh úuid

n,uq'
1 m = 100 cm neúka"
2 m = 200 cm
3 m = 300 cm
tkï" ógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la" fikaáógrj,ska oelaùug ógr f,i §
we;s .Kk 100ka .=K l< hq;= h'
ó<Õg fikaáógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la ógrj,ska olajuq'
100 cm = 1 m neúka"
200 cm = 2 m
300 cm = 3 m
tkï" fikaáógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la" ógrj,ska oelaùug fikaáógr
f,i § we;s .Kk 100ka fnÈh hq;= h'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
7 m, fikaáógrj,ska olajkak' 6 m 23 cm, fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'
1 m = 100 cm neúka" 6 m 23 cm = 6 m + 23 cm
7 m = 100 « 7 cm = 600 cm + 23 cm
= 700 cm = 623 cm

ksoiqk 3 ksoiqk 4
875 cm , ógr yd fikaáógrj,ska
800 cm, ógrj,ska olajkak' olajkak'
875 cm = 800 cm + 75 cm
800 cm = 8 m neúka"
875 cm = 8 m + 75 cm
= 8 m 75 cm
fï wdldrhg 100 cm la fyda thg jeä
È.la ógrj,ska olajk úg fikaáógr
.Kk 100g jvd wvq jk f,i ,shkq ,efí'
ksoiqk 5 ksoiqk 6
54 cm ,ógrj,ska olajkak'
7'85 m, fikaáógrj,ska
olajkak' 54
54 cm = m
100
7'85 m = 7 m + 0.85 m 54
= 700 cm + 85 cm
= 0.54 neúka"
100
= 785 cm 54 cm = 0.54 m
15'4 wNHdih
(1) my; olajd we;s tla tla È." fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 10 m (ii) 675 m (iii) 2 m 25 cm
(iv) 8 m 18 cm (v) 6.95 m (vi) 11.08 m
(2) my; § we;s tla tla È." ógr yd fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 105 cm (ii) 318 cm (iii) 1508 cm
(iv) 20 001 cm (v) 1025 cm
(3) my; fikaáógrj,ska olajd we;s tla tla È. ógrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 100 cm (ii) 500 cm (iii) 1100 cm
(iv) 25 000 cm (v) 96 cm (vi) 49 cm
(vii) 125 cm (viii) 1349 cm
(4) isiqka ;sfokl=f.a Wi my; mßÈ fõ'
wxcq,f.a Wi = 156 cm
idrx.f.a Wi = 1 m 53 cm
iqmqkaf.a Wi = 1'6 m
(i) by; tla tla isiqjdf.a Wi fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'
(ii) Wiska jeä u isiqjd ljqo@
(5) mqnqÿkS <`. r;= mdg ßnka ógr tlhs nd.hla o" ks,a mdg ßnka
fikaáógr 105la o" iqÿ mdg ßnka ógr 1hs fikaáógr 55la o we;'
(i) È.ska jeä u ßnka máfha j¾Kh l=ula o@
(ii) ms<s;=r ,nd .;a wdldrh meyeÈ,s lrkak'
(6) ldkqjla lmk A, B yd C kï lïlrejka ;sfokd" Èkl § lmd ksu
lr we;s ldkq fldgiaj, .eUqr ms<sfj<ska 1'8 m" 108 cm yd 1m
18 cm fõ' wvq u .eUqrla lmd we;af;a l=uk lïlrejd o@ ms<s;=r
meyeÈ,s lrkak'
(7) ñkardÊ 1830 cm ÿrg .,la úis lf<a h' ÈkqrdÊ tu ., /f.k
18. 03 mla ÿrg úis lf<a h' jeä u ÿr ., úis lf<a ñkardÊ nj
lúIal mjihs' lúIalf.a woyig Tn tl`. jkafka o@ ms<s;=rg
fya;= olajkak'
²² ógr yd lsf,daógr w;r iïnkaO;dj

oeka wms lsf,daógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la ógrj,ska olajuq'
1 km = 1000 m neúka"
2 km = 2000 m
3 km = 3000 m
fuf,i lsf,daógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la ógrj,ska oelaùug lsf,daógr

f,i § we;s .Kk 1000ka .=K l< hq;= h'
ó<`.g ógrj,ska olajd we;s È.la" lsf,daógrj,ska olajk wdldrh
úuid n,uq'
1000 m = 1 km neúka"
2000 m = 2 km
3000 m = 3 km
fuf,i ógrj,ska" § we;s È.la lsf,daógrj,ska oelaùug ógr f,i §

we;s .Kk 1000ka fnÈh hq;= h'

ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
5 km " ógrj,ska olajkak' 3 km 750 m " ógrj,ska olajkak'
1 km = 1000 m 3 km 750 m = 3 km + 750 m
5 km = 1000 × 5 m = 3000 m +750 m
= 5000 m = 3750 m
ksoiqk 3 ksoiqk 4
5000 m, lsf,daógrj,ska 3725 m, lsf,daógr yd ógrj,ska
olajkak' olajkak'
5000 3725 m = 3000 m + 725 m
5000 m = 1000 km 3000 m = 3000 km = 3 km
5000 m = 5 km 1000
3725 m = 3 km + 725 m
= 3 km 725 m
fï wdldrhg 1000 m la fyda thg jeä È.la lsf,daógr yd ógrj,ska olajk
úg ógr .Kk 1000g jvd wvq jk f,i ,shkq ,efí'
15'5 wNHdih
(1) my; § we;s tla tla È." ógrj,ska olajkak'

(i) 3 km (ii) 16 km
(iii) 15 km 25 m (iv) 2 km 750 m
(2) my; § we;s tla tla È." lsf,daógrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 3000 m (ii) 12000 m
(iii) 25 000 m (iv) 500 m
(3) my; § we;s tla tla È." lsf,daógr iy ógrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 3715 m (ii) 1005 m (iii) 2030 m
(iv) 15 120 m (v) 20 225 m
(4) úÿyf,a l%Svd W;aijfha uer;ka Odjk ;r.h wdrïN lr úkdä
oyhlg miq" kùka 1850 m o .hdka 1 km 800 m o liqka 1 km 90 m o
Èj f.dia ;sìKs'
(i) ;sfokd f.jd we;s tla tla ÿr ógrj,ska olajkak'
(ii) fï ;sfokdf.ka bÈßfhka u isákafka ljqo@ ms<s;=rg fya;=
olajkak'

15'5 È. ksudkh

È. ksudkh my; WodyrK u.ska meyeÈ,s lr .ksuq'
fl<ska .id we;s jegl" tl <`. lKq 2la w;r mr;rh wdikak f,i
2 m fõ' jefÜ we;s lKq .Kk 27la kï" jefÜ uq¿ È. ksudkh lruq'
2 m
jefÜ lKq 2la w;r mr;rfha È. wdikak jYfhka 2 m fõ'
2 mla ne.ska jQ mr;r .Kk = 26
jefÜ uq¿ È. wdikak jYfhka = 2 × 26 m
= 52 m
15'6 wNHdih
(1) ,E,a,l .klu wdikak jYfhka 2 cm fõ' tl u; tl f.dv.ik

,o ,E,s 67la we;s ,E,s f.dvl Wi ksudkh lrkak'

(2) rEmfha oelafjk mä fmf<ys mähl Wi wdikak jYfhka 15 cm
fõ' tys mduq, isg by< u mähg ke.a. whl= ke. we;s isria Wi
ksudkh lr ógrj,ska ,shkak'
15 cm

(3) fuys fmd;a ñáhl rEmhla oelafõ' 2 m
Wi rdlalhl by; j¾.fha fmd;a ñá 20la
tlu; tl isák fia f.dv .eish yels o@ 15 cm
ms<s;=r meyeÈ,s lrkak'

15'6 mßñ;sh
bvula jgd lïì jegla ne£ug ñksfila

;SrKh lrhs' Tyqg tla lïì fmdgla
bvu jfÜg ne£u i|yd wjYH lñìj,
È. .Kkh lrkqfha flfia oehs n,uq'
40 m
bvfï tla tla me;af;a È." ;, rEmhl
olajd we;s igykla rEmfha oelafõ'
28 m 45 m
tA wkqj bvfï me;s ish,af,a
È.j, tl;=j = 40 m + 28 m + 30 m +45 m
30 m = 143 m

tl lïì fmdgla ne£ug wjYH lïìj, È. 143 m fõ'
u,a md;a;shla jgd .fvd¿ we,a,Su" j;a;la jgd ;dmam ne£u mska;+rhlg
rduqjla iE§u jeks lghq;=j, § tAjdfha me;s ish,af,a È.j,a .Kkh
lr .ekSu wjYH fõ' tjeks wjia:dj, § o by; WodyrKfha wdldrhg"
ixjD; ;, rEmhla weiqfrka jfÜ È. ksrEmKh l< yels h'
ixjD; ;, rEmhl me;s ish,af,a È.j, tl;=j tys mßñ;sh f,i

y÷kajhs'
oeka mßñ;sh wdYs%; ;j;a WodyrK lsysmhla úuid n,uq'

fuys olajd we;af;a ì;a;s ieris,a,ls' th jgd ßnka máhla we,a,sh hq;=
j we;' ta i|yd wjYH ßnka máfha È. fidhuq'
ßnka máfha È. = wod< ixjD; ;, rEmfha mßñ;sh

= 68 cm 7 mm + 68 cm 7 mm + 60 cm 4 mm

mm
68
c
m7
m7
c
mm
68
60 cm 4 mm
fuu w.hka tl;= lrkafka flfiaoehs n,uq'
mshjr 1 - m<uq j ñ,sógr ;Srefõ we;s ixLHd
cm mm
fjk u tl;= lruq'
68 7
68 7 7 mm + 7 mm + 4 mm = 18 mm

+ 60 4 18 mm = 10 mm + 8 mm
197 8 = 1 cm + 8 mm
fuys § ,enqKq 8 mm, ñ,sógr ;Srefõ
,shd" 1 cm, fikaáógr ;Srejg f.k huq'
mshjr 2 - oeka fikaáógr ;Srefõ we;s ixLHd
tl;= lruq'
1 cm + 68 cm + 68 cm + 60 cm = 197 cm
wjYH ßnka máfha È. 197 cm 8 mm fõ'
20 m 75 cm
RcqfldaKdi%dldr yeve;s msÜgkshl È. 20 m
12 m 60 cm
75 cm yd m<, 12 m 60 cm fõ' tys me;s ish,af,a
uq¿ È. fiùug wjYH j we;' tA i|yd rEmfha
mßñ;sh fidhuq'
m<uqj È. me;s fofla È.j, tl;=j fidhuq'
m cm uq,k
s a u fikaáógr ;Srefõ we;s ixLHd tl;= lruq'
20 75
+ 20 75 75 cm + 75 cm = 150 cm
150 cm = 100 cm + 50 cm
41 50
150 cm = 1 m + 50 cm neúka"
50 cm fikaáógr ;Srefõ ,shuq' 1 m, ógr ;Srejg
/f.k huq' ógr ;Srefõ ixLHd tl;= lruq'
1 m + 20 m + 20 m = 41 m
ta wkqj È. me;s fofla tl;=j 41 m 50 cm fõ'
fï wdldrhg m<, me;s fofla È.j, tl;=j fidhuq'
m cm
12 60
12 60
25 20

mßñ;sh fiùug" È. me;s fofla È.j, tl;=j iy m<, me;s fofla
È.j, tl;=j tl;= lruq'
m cm
41 50
25 20
66 70
mßñ;sh 66 m 70 cm, fõ' tu msÜgksfha me;s ish,af,a uq¿ È. 66 m yd
70 cm fõ'
ksoiqk 1
ksud,s iEu WoEikl u WoHdkh jgd tla

jrla weúÈhs' weh WoHdkh jgd Èk foll
§ weúÈk uq¿ ÿr fidhkak ^óg wod<
ixjD; ;, rEmh B<Õ rEmfha oelafõ&'
7 cm
115 m 8
112
m
m
68 c
50 c
m
m
110
119 m 95 cm
weh WoHdkh jgd Èk foll §" weúÈk ,o uq¿ ÿr fiùug WoHdkfha

me;s ish,af,a È.j, tl;=j fiúh hq;= h'
ta i|yd by; rEmfha mßñ;sh fidhuq'

m fikaáógr ;Srefõ ixLHd tl;= lruq'
cm

115 87 87 + 95 + 50 + 68 = 300 cm

119 95 300 cm = 3 m ksid" fikaáógr ;Srefõ 0 ,shd
112
50 3 m, ógr ;Srejg f.k huq'
110
68 oeka ógr ;Srefõ ixLHd tl;= lruq'
459 00
115 + 119 + 112 + 110 + 3 = 459 m
tA wkqj mßñ;sh 459 m f,i ,efí'

tkï ksud,s WoHdkh jgd Èkl § weúÈk ÿr 459 m fõ'
ksud,s Èk 2l § WoHdkh jgd weúÈk ÿr = 459 m + 459 m

= 918 m
ksoiqk 2
RcqfldaKdi%hl m<, 12 cm fõ' È. tfuka fo.=Khls' RcqfldaKdi%fha

mßñ;sh .Kkh lrkak'
o< rEmhla we|" § we;s o;a; tys ,l=Kq lruq'
24 cm
12 cm 12 cm mßudKh o< jYfhka i,lkak'
24 cm
RcqfldaKdi%fha mßñ;sh = 24 cm + 12 cm + 24 cm +12 cm

= 72 cm

15'7 wNHdih
(1) my; i|yka fldgq oef,ys fldgqjl mdohl È. 1 cm fõ' tu oe,
u; we| mdg lr we;s rEmj, mßñ;sh fidhkak'
(i) (ii)
(iii) (iv)
(2) my; i|yka tla tla ;, rEmfha mßñ;sh fidhkak'
(i) 6 cm (ii) 4 cm
5 cm
3 cm 5 mm 3 cm 5 mm
8 cm

(iii) 3 m (iv) m 25 cm

m m 3m
m
m3 5c
5c
8 m 75 cm
12 m 33cm
5 cm
8 mm
9 cm
4m
33
cm

(3) rEmfha oelafjk iup;=ri%fha mßñ;sh fidhkak'
7 cm
16 cm
(4) RcqfldaKdi%hla rEmfha oelafõ'
tys mßñ;sh fidhkak'
5 cm
(5) rEmfha oelafjk iudka;rdi%fha mßñ;sh

fidhkak' 6 cm

11 cm
(6) my; i|yka rEmj, mßñ;sh 24 cm ne.ska fõ' tla tla rEmfha
mdohl È. fidhkak'
(i) (ii) (iii)
iup;=ri%hla fuu rEmfha mdo

;s%fldaKfha mdo ;=k u
yh u tlsfklg
tlsfklg iudk fõ'
iudk fõ'
(7) RcqfldaKdi%dldr bvul È. 50 m yd m<, 45 m fõ' th jgd lïì

.eiSug wjYH ù we;' lïì fmdgj,a 5la .eiSug wjYH lïìj, È.
fldmuK o@

(8) RcqfldaKdi%hl È. 7 cm fõ' tys mßñ;sh 20 cm kï m<, lSh o@
^9&
rEmfha oelafjk RcqfldaKdi%dldr ì;a;s
ieris,a, jfÜg j¾Kj;a máhla we,ùug
50 cm
wjYH fõ' ta i|yd má ógr tlhs nd.hla
m%udKj;a jk nj Ñ;%d mjikakS h' fuu
woyig Tn tl`. jkafka o@ ms<s;=rg fya;=j
meyeÈ,s lrkak'
30 cm
^10& fuu ;, rEmfha mßñ;sh fidhkak'
10 cm

10 cm
idrdxYh
²² È. uekSu i|yd ñ,sógr (mm), fikaáógr (cm), ógr (m) iy

lsf,daógr (km) jeks tAll wjYH;dj mßÈ fhdod .kshs'
²² È. uksk tAll w;r my; iïnkaO;d ;sfí'
1 cm = 10 mm
1 m = 100 cm
1 km = 1000 m
²² ixjD; ;, rEmhl me;s ish,af,a È.j, tl;=j tys mßñ;sh f,i
ye|skafõ'

16 øj ñkqï
●● øj m%udK uekSu i|yd Ndú; jk tAll y÷kd .ekSug"
●● ñ,s,Sgr iy ,Sgr w;r iïnkaO;dj oek .ekSug"
●● ñ,s,Sgr iy ,Sgrj,ska § we;s øj m%udK tl;= lsÍug" wvq lsÍug
iy
●● øj m%udK ksudkh lsÍug
yelshdj ,efí'
16'1 ye¢kaùu
Tn fjf<|ief,ka úúO øj j¾. ñ, § .kakd

wjia:d we;' tajd fjkia m%udKhkaf.ka hq;=
fnda;,aj, mqrjd we;' rEmfha oelafjkafka
tn÷ fnda;,a lsysmhls' tAjdfha igyka lr
we;s øj m%udK ksÍlaIKh lrkak'
tla tla fnda;,fha wvx.= øj m%udKh ñ,s,Sgrj,ska fyda ,Sgrj,ska

fyda igyka lr we;' tAjdfha i|yka øj m%udK fufia ,shuq'
ñ,s,Sgr y;,sy ixfla; u.ska 40 ml f,i o

ñ,s,Sgr ;=kaish mky ixfla; u.ska 350 ml f,i o
,Sgr tl ixfla; u.ska 1 l f,i o olajd we;'
,Sgr iy ñ,s,Sgr" fuf,i øj m%udK uekSug nyq, j Ndú; lrk

tAll folla fõ'
fjf<|fmdf<ys we;s Èhr lsß" fnfy;a Èhr wdÈh ñ,s,Sgrj,ska fndfyda

úg ukskq ,efí' jdykj, fhdok bkaOk m%udK wdÈh ,Sgrj,ska
ukskq ,efí'

ls%hdldrlu 1
my; oelafjk tla tla wjia:dfõ i|yka jk øj m%udK m%ldY lsÍug
jvd;a iqÿiq ñkqï tallh fhdoñka § we;s j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
wjia:dj tAllh
ksjfia c, mßfNdackh
jdykhg fhdok bkaOk m%udKh
<orejl=g jrlg fokq ,nk lsß m%udKh
lsß f;a fldamamhla iE§ug wjYH Èhr lsß m%udKh
ñksil= Èklg mdkh l< hq;= c, m%udKh
frda.shl= jrlg fndk fnfy;a Èhr m%udKh
tkak;l § ,nd fok tkak;a Èhr m%udKh
16'2 øj ñkqï tall w;r iïnkaO;dj

øj m%udK uekSu i|yd ñ,s,Sgr (ml) yd ,Sgr (l) hk tall Ndú; lrkq
,nk nj by; § oek .;af;uq' ,Sgr 1l øj m%udKhla ñ,s,Sgr 1000l
øj m%udKhlg iudk fõ'
1 l = 1000 ml
ls%hdldrlu 2

mshjr 1 - my; oelafjk m%udKj,ska hq;a ñkqï ird fyda n÷ka fyda
imhd .kak'
1000 ml
500 ml
250 ml
200 ml
100 ml
mshjr 2 - 500 ml n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka c,fhka mqrjd" 1 l n÷kg oukak'

1 l n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka u msrùug iïmQ¾Kfhka c,h msrjQ
500 ml n÷fkka c,h fldmuK jdrhla oeñh hq;= o@
mshjr 3 - 250 ml n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka c,fhka mqrjd" 1 l n÷kg oukak'
1 l n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka u msrùug iïmQ¾Kfhka c,h msrjQ
250 ml n÷fkka c,h fldmuK jdrhla oeñh hq;= o@

mshjr 4- - fuf,iska u iïmQ¾Kfhka c,h msrjQ 200 ml n÷fkka"
fldmuK jdrhla oeuQ úg 1 l n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka msf¾ o@
mshjr 5 - tf,i u iïmQ¾Kfhka c,h msrjQ 100 ml n÷fkka" 1 l n÷k
iïmQ¾Kfhka msrùug c,h oeñh hq;= jdr .Kk fldmuK
o@
fuu ls%hdldrlu isÿ lsÍfuka wk;=re j Tng ,efnk m%;sM, my;
oela
fõ'
● 500 ml n÷fkka jdr folla oeuQ úg" 1 l n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka msf¾'
tkï" 1 ll g 500 ml tAjd 2la we;' fï wkqj"

500 ml + 500 ml = 1 l 500 ml 500 ml
tkï" 1000 ml = 1 l

● 250 ml n÷kska jdr y;rla oeuQ úg" 1 l n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka msf¾'
tkï" 1 ll g 250 ml tAjd 4la we;'
250 ml + 250 ml + 250 ml + 250 ml = 1 l 250 ml 250 ml 250 ml 250 ml
tkï" 1000 ml = 1 l

● 200 ml n÷kska jdr myla oeuQ úg" 1 l n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka msf¾'
tkï" 1 l lg 200 ml tAjd 5la we;'
200 ml + 200 ml + 200 ml + 200 ml + 200 ml = 1 l 200 ml 200 ml 200 ml 200 ml 200 ml
tkï" 1000 ml = 1 l
● 100 ml n÷fkka jdr oyhla oeuQ úg" 1 l n÷k iïmQ¾Kfhka msf¾'

tkï" 1 l lg 100 ml tAjd 10la we;'
100 ml + 100 ml + 100ml + 100ml + 100 ml + 100 ml + 100 ml + 100 ml
+100 ml + 100 ml = 1 l
tkï" 1000 ml = 1 l
100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml 100 ml

●● ,Sgrj,ska olajd we;s øj m%udK ñ,s,Sgrj,ska oelaùu
,Sgrj,ska olajd we;s øj m%udK lsysmhlg we;s ñ,s,Sgr .Kk my;
oelafõ'
1 l = 1000 ml neúka"
2 l = 2000 ml
3 l = 3000 ml
fuf,i" ,Sgrj,ska olajd we;s øj m%udKhla" ñ,s,Sgrj,ska oelaùug ,Sgr
f,i oS we;s .Kk 1000ka .=K l< hq;= h'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
12 l, ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak' 1 l 200 ml øj m%udKh
12 l = 12 × 1000 ml ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
= 12 000 ml 1 l 200 ml = 1 l + 200 ml
1 l 200 ml = 1000 ml + 200 ml
ksoiqk 3 = 1200 ml
4 l 85 ml ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
4 l 85 ml = 4 l + 85 ml
4 l 85 ml = 4000 ml + 85 ml
= 4085 ml

16'1 wNHdih
uek .kq ,nk c, uek .ekSug Ndú; uek .; hq;= jdr .Kk
m%udKh lrk n÷fka m%udKh
,Sgr 1 ñ,s,Sgr 500 ñ,s,Sgr 500 ...........................
,Sgr 1 ñ,s,Sgr 250 ñ,s,Sgr 250 ...........................
,Sgr 2 ñ,s,Sgr 100 ...........................
,Sgr 4 ñ,s,Sgr 500 ...........................
........................... ñ,s,Sgr 250 8
,Sgr 3 .............................. 6

(2) my; i|yka tla tla øj m%udK ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 8 l (ii) 1 l 100 ml (iii) 5 l 10 ml (iv) 2 l 500 ml
(v) 3 l 100 ml (vi) 3 l 250 ml (vii) 7 l 225 ml (viii) 2 l 75 ml
(ix) 3 l 25 ml
●● ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajd we;s øj m%udK ,Sgrj,ska oelaùu

ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajd we;s øj m%udK lsysmhlg we;s ,Sgr .Kk my;
oelafõ'
1000 ml = 1 l neúka"
2000 ml = 2 l
3000 ml = 3 l

fuf,i ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajd we;s øj m%udKhla" ,Sgrj,ska oelaùug
ñ,s,Sgr f,i § we;s .Kk 1000ka fnÈh hq;= h'
ksoiqk 1
2750 ml" ,Sgr yd ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
2750 ml = 2000 ml + 750 ml
1000 ml = 1 l neúka" 2000 ml = 2 l
2750 ml = 2 l + 750 ml
= 2 l 750 ml
fï wdldrhg ñ,s,Sgr 1000la fyda thg jeä m%udKhla ,Sgr yd ñ,s,Sgrj,ska
olajk úg ñ,s,Sgr .Kk 1000g jvd wvq jk f,i ,shkq ,efí'
ksoiqk 2
ñ,s,Sgrj,ska § we;s øj m%udK ,Sgr yd ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajñka my;
oelafjk j.=fõ ysia;eka iïmq¾K lrkak'
ml l ml
999 0 999
1000 1 000
2075 2 075
3008 3 008
16'2 wNHdih
(1) my; i|yka tla tla øj m%udK" ,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 1000 ml (ii) 2000 ml (iii) 3000 ml (iv) 7000 ml (v) 10 000 ml

(2) my; i|yka tla tla øj m%udK" ,Sgr iy ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
(i) 1300 ml (ii) 1500 ml (iii) 1050 ml (iv) 3252 ml
(v) 7756 ml (vi) 3002 ml (vii) 4103 ml (viii) 10 075 ml
16'3 øj m%udK tl;= lsÍu
m,;=re hqI 350 ml iy c,h 750 ml tl;= l< úg

iEfok m,;=re îu m%udKh fldmuK oehs fidhd
n,uq'
tlu tAllfhka fuu øj m%udK olajd we;s fyhska
tAjd b;d myiqfjka tl;= l< yels h'
m,;=re hqI m%udKh = 350 ml
c, m%udKh = 750 ml
uq¿ m,;=re îu m%udKh = 1100 ml
tkï uq¿ m,;=re îu m%udKh 1 l 100 ml fõ'
l=re÷ f;,a ksIAmdokh lrkafkla m<uq i;sfha l=re÷ f;,a 2 l 750 ml
o fojk i;sfha l=re÷ f;,a 5 l 500 ml o ksmojQfha h' Tyq i;s 2 ;=<
ksmojQ uq¿ l=re÷ f;,a m%udKh fldmuK oehs úuid n,uq'
fuys §" my; olajd we;s mßÈ tla ;Srejl ñ,s,Sgr m%udKh;a wfkla
;Srefõ ,Sgr m%udKh;a ,shd tl;= lruq'
l ml ñ,s,Sgr ;Srfha m%udK tl;= lruq'

2 750 750 ml + 500 ml = 1250 ml
+ 5 500 1250 ml = 1 l + 250 ml ksid
8 250 ñ,s,Sgr 250" ñ,s,Sgr ;Srfha ,shuq' ,Sgr 1" ,Sgr
;Srhg f.k f.dia tl;= lruq'
túg" 1 l + 2 l + 5 l = 8 l
tkï i;s fol ;=< ksmojQ l=re÷ f;,a m%udKh 8 l 250 ml fõ' tu i;s
fol ;=< ksmojQ l=re÷ f;,a m%udKh my; mßÈ o fiúh yels h'
tys § tla tla øj m%udKh" ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajd tl;= lruq'

2 l 750 ml = 2750 ml
5 l 500 ml = 5500 ml

8250 ml

tkï" uq¿ l=re÷ f;,a m%udKh 8250 ml fõ' tkï" 8 l 250 ml fõ'
16'3 wNHdih
(1) my; § we;s tla tla øj m%udK tl;= lrkak'
(i) ml (ii) ml (iii) ml (iv) ml

350 675 750 803
+ 250 + 250 + 350 + 373
(v) l ml (vi) l ml (vii) l ml

3 150 2 75 5 624
+ 2 600 + 1 950 + 2 750
(viii) l ml (ix) l ml (x) l ml

4 305 12 450 6 425
2 915 10 850 12 755
+ 1 200 + 10 900 + 995
(2) m,;=re hqI 750 mllg c,h 3 l 500 ml tl;= lr iEÈh yels îu
m%udKh fidhd" th ,Sgr yd ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
(3) jdykhl bkaOk gexlsfha fmg%,a 4 l 750 ml we;' thg ;j;a

fmg%,a 5 l 750 ml tl;= lf<a kï" oeka gexlsfha we;s uq¿ fmg%,a
m%udKh fidhkak'
(4) fíiul c,h 3 l 850 ml ;sì‚' thg c,h 1 l 400 ml tl;=

lrk ,È' bka miq oekg fíifï we;s c, m%udKhg iudk c,
m%udKhla kej; tl;= lrk ,È' oeka fíifï we;s uq¿ c,
m%udKh fldmuK o@
16'4 øj m%udKhlska lsishï øj m%udKhla wvq lsÍu

iqñ;af.a fnda;,fha 750 ml c,h ;sì‚' Tyq úiska 150 ml
mdkh lrk ,È' oeka" fnda;,fha we;s c,h m%udKh
fldmuK oehs fidhd n,uq'
fnda;,fha ;snQ c,h m%udKh = 750 ml
iqñ;a mdkh l< c,h m%udKh = 150 ml
b;sß c,h m%udKh = 750 ml - 150 ml
= 600 ml
fnda;,hl" îu ,Sgr 2hs ñ,s,Sgr 100la ;sì‚' bka ñ,s,Sgr 200la
wuq;a;l=g ix.%y lrk ,È' fnda;,fha b;sß îu m%udKh fidhd n,uq'
;snQ îu m%udKh = 2 l 100 ml
ix.%y l< îu m%udKh = 200 ml
b;sß îu m%udKh fiùug" ;snQ m%udKfhka ix.%y l< îu m%udKh wvq
lruq'
2 l 100 ml hkq 2100 ml fõ' oeka wms 2100 ml
2100 ml j,ska 200 ml wvq lruq' − 200 ml
1900 ml
tkï b;sß m%udKh 1 l 900 ml fõ'
my; i|yka mßÈ o b;sß îu m%udKh fiúh yels h'
100" 200g jvd l=vd fõ'
l ml
,Sgr ;Srfha we;s ,Sgr 2ka ,Sgr 1la ñ,s,Sgr ;Srhg
2 100
- 200 f.k huq' túg ,Sgr ;Srfha ,Sgr 1la b;sß fõ'
1 900 ñ,s,Sgr ;Srfha 1000 ml + 100 ml = 1100 ml we;'
1100 ml − 200 ml = 900 ml'
tkï" b;sß îu m%udKh 1 l 900 ml fõ'
16'4 wNHdih
(1) wvq lrkak'
ml l ml l ml l ml
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
500 1 500 1 000 2 000
- 250 - 250 - 250 - 1 500

(v) (vi) l (vii) (viii) l ml
l ml ml l ml
3 250 5 150 2 50 15 105
- 1 750 - 2 250 - 1 750 - 8 250

(2) fjf<kaol= <`. fmd,af;,a 10 l la ;sì‚' Tyq fmd,a f;,a 1 l 500 ml

úl=Kk ,È' túg" Tyq <Õ b;sßj we;s fmd,a f;,a m%udKh ,Sgr yd
ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
(3) 15 l msrúh yels bkaOk gexlshl bkaOk 8 l 750 ml we;' gexlsh
iïmQ¾Kfhka msrùug kï ;j fldmuK bkaOk m%udKhla wjYH
fõ o@
16'5 øj m%udK ksudkh

m<uq rEmfha oelafjk Ndckfhys wvx.= lsß m%udKh
ñ,s,Sgr 200la muK fõ' fojk rEmfhys wvx.= lsß
m%udKh ksudkh lruq'
fojk rEmfha oelafjk Ndckfhys wvx.= lsß m%udKh
m<uq fnda;f,a wvx.= lsß m%udKh fuka y;r .=Khla
m<uq fojk muK fõ' tkï 200 ml tAjd 4ls' tu ksid fojk
rEmh rEmh
rEmfha oelafjk Ndckfhys lsß 800 ml muK we;'
16'5 wNHdih
(1) ueá myklg fmd,a f;,a ñ,s,Sgr 30la muK oeñh hq;= fõ' ueá
myka 50la i|yd oeñh hq;= fmd,a f;,a m%udKh" ,Sgr yd ñ,s,Sgrj,ska
ksudkh lrkak'
(2) wuq;a;ka oi fokl= i|yd ó lsß wkqNjhg ls;=,a me‚ 500 ml muK
wjYH úh' wuq;a;ka myf<dia fokl=g ó lsß wkqNjh i|yd wjYH
jk ls;=,a me‚ m%udKh ñ,s,Sgrj,ska ksudkh lrkak'
(3) ;eô,s f.ähl 650 ml muK ;eô,s j;=r m%udKhla we;' fï wkqj
f.ä 10l ;eô,s j,a,l we;s ;eô,s f.äj,ska ,nd.; yels ;eô,s
j;=r m%udKh ,Sgr yd ñ,s,Sgrj,ska ksudkh lrkak'

7' r' uq' kS' i' 190377
ñY% wNHdih
(1) lsß tl;= lrkakl= Èk 2la ;=< ksjdi ;=klska tl;= l< lsß m%udK
my; oelafõ'
m<uq Èkh fojk Èkh
A ksji 5 l 500 ml 6 l 250 ml
B ksji 7l 250 ml 5 l 750 ml
C ksji 4l 675 ml 5 l 500 ml
(i) A ksjiska Èk 2 ;=< ,enqKq lsß m%udKh ñ,s,Sgrj,ska m%ldY
lrkak'
(ii) B ksjiska fojk Èkfha ,enqKq lsß m%udKh" m<uq Èkhg jvd
ljr m%udKhlska wvq ù ;sfí o@
(iii) C ksjiska fojk Èkfha ,nd ÿka lsß m%udKh" m<uq Èkhg jvd
fldmuK m%udKhlska jeä ù ;sfí o@
(iv) B iy C ksfjiaj,ska Èk 2 ;=< ,nd ÿka uq¿ lsß m%udK fjk
fjku fidhkak'
(v) Èk 2 ;=< lsß tl;= lrkakd úiska ksjdi ;=fkka u tl;= l<
uq¿ lsß m%udK fidhkak'
(2) i;sh wdrïNfha § úoHd.drhl wï, fnda;,hl ;snQ wï, m%udKh
,Sgr 3ls' m%dfhda.sl mÍlaIK i|yd" tu fnda;,fhka i;sfha tla
tla Èkfha § ,nd .;a wï, m%udK my; oelafõ'
Èkh wï, m%udKh
i÷od 750 ml
w`.yrejdod 350 ml
nodod 200 ml
n%yiam;skaod 150 ml
isl=rdod 200 ml
(i) tu Èk my ;=< Ndú; l< uq¿ wï, m%udKh fidhkak'

(ii) Ndckfha b;sß ù we;s wï, m%udKh fldmuK o@
(3) ;Ska; j¾.hla ñ,s,Sgr 500" ,Sgr 1" ,Sgr 2 iy ,Sgr 4 ákaj,ska
fjf<|fmd<g ksl=;a flf¾'
(i) ;Ska; ,Sgr tlla .ekSug wjYH whl=g" tu m%udKh ,nd .;
yels wdldr folla i|yka lrkak'
(ii) i;shla ;=< tla tla j¾.fhka úl=KQ ;Ska; m%udKh my;
oelafõ' ,Sgr 1la ;Ska; iys; áka 4" ,Sgr 2 ;Ska; iys; áka
3" ñ,s,Sgr 500la ;Ska; iys; áka 7hs' tu i;sh ;=< úl=KQ uq¿
;Ska; m%udKh ,Sgr iy ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
(iii) ,Sgr 4 l ;Ska; áka tlla ñ, § .;a whl=" bka 2 l 700 ml
Ndú;hg .;af;a h' túg b;sß jk ;Ska; m%udKh fldmuK o@
(4) l%udxlkh lrk ,o c, gexlshl fmrjre 8'00 jk úg ;snQ c,
m%udKh ,Sgr 1500ls' fm'j' 8'00 isg m'j' 2'00 olajd meh 6la ;=<
Ndú;hg .;a c, m%udK my; oelafõ'
ld,h Ndú; l< c, m%udKh
fm'j 8'00 - fm'j 9'00 m<uq meh 78 l
fm'j 9'00 - fm'j 10'00 fojk meh 120 l 750 ml
fm'j 10'00 - fm'j 11'00 ;=kajk meh 150 l 500 ml
fm'j 11'00 - uOHdyak 12'00 isõjk meh 400 l 750 ml
uOHdyak 12'00 - m'j 1'00 miajk meh 200 l
m'j 1'00 - m'j 2'00 yhjk meh 180 l
(i) isõjk meh wjidk jk úg gexlsfha ;snQ c,fhka yß wvla
Ndú; lr we;s nj .Kkh lsÍï weiqfrka fmkajkak'
(ii) meh 6 wjidkfha gexlsfha b;sß ù we;s c, m%udKh fidhkak'
(iii) ;=kajk meh ;=< Ndú; l, c, m%udKh" fojk meh ;=< Ndú;
l< c, m%udKhg jvd ljr m%udKhlska jeä ù ;sfí o@
(iv) gexlshg msrúh yels uq¿ c, m%udKh ,Sgr 2000 kï" gexlsh
iïmQ¾Kfhka msrùug" 6 jk mefhka miq tl;= l< hq;= c,
m%udKh fidhkak
idrdxYh
●● ñ,s,Sgr (ml) iy ,Sgr (l), øj m%udK uekSu i|yd Ndú; jk tAll
folls'
●● 1000 ml = 1 l
●● ,Sgr m%udKhla ñ,s,Sgr njg m;a lsÍfï § ñ,s,Sgr f,i § we;s
.Kk 1000ka .=K lsÍu o ñ,s,Sgr m%udKhla ,Sgr njg m;a lsÍfï
§ ñ,s,Sgr f,i § we;s .Kk 1000ka fn§u o lrkq ,efí'

17 >k jia;=
●● >klh" >kldNh yd iúê p;=ia;,h hk >k jia;=j, wdlD;s
ieliSug"
●● by; kï l< >k jia;=j, uqyqK;aj, yevh" uqyqK;a .Kk" odr
.Kk yd YS¾I .Kk m%ldY lsÍug iy
●● by; i|yka >k jia;=j, wdlD;s ieliSu i|yd m;rï ks¾udKh
lsÍug
yelshdj ,efí'
17'1 >k jia;=j, mDIaG" uqyqK;a" odr iy YS¾I

tÈfkod lghq;=j, §" wmg olskakg mßyrKh lrkakg ,efnk oE
lsysmhl rEm my; oelafõ'
,S fldghla
yl=re nEhla
fldkalS%Ü lKqjla
odÿ leghla
.fvd<la h.=<shla
ùÿre fnda, lsysmhla
fujeks wdldrfha wjldYfha hï bvla .kakd ksh; yevhla we;s

jia;=jla >k jia;=jla f,i ye¢kafõ'
oeka wms >k jia;= lsysmhl mDIAG" uqyqK;a" odr iy YS¾I ms<sn| j
úuid n,uq'
iEu >k jia;=jlg u u;=msgla we;' th tu >k jia;=fõ mDIaGh f,i
y÷kajkq ,efí'

² >k jia;=j, uqyqK;a
ls%hdldrlu 1
mshjr 1 - mka;s ldurfha §" fidhd .; yels jia;= lsym
s hla imhd .kak'
mshjr 2 - imhd .;a jia;=j, mDIAG mÍlaId lrkak'
mshjr 3 - tla tla jia;=fõ mDIAG fldgiaj, yev" iu;, fyda jl% fyda
iajNdjh ms<sn| j o mÍlaId lrkak'
mshjr 4 - y÷kd .; yels fjk;a ,laIK fudkjd o @
by; ls%hdldrlu wkqj" >k jia;=j, u;=msg" ;, mDIaG fldgiaj,ska

fyda jl% mDIAG fldgiaj,ska fyda iukaú; jk nj Tn y÷kd .kakg
we;'
uqyqK;la .fvd<l ish¨ mDIaG fldgia ;, mDIaG
fldgia fõ' fujeks ;, mDIaG fldgia >k
jia;=fõ uqyqK;a f,i ye¢kafõ' tA wkqj"
.fvd<l uqyqK;a 6ls'
jl% mDIaGh uqyqK;la
odÿ legfha mDIaGh ;, mDIaG

ùÿre fnda,hl mDIaGh" fldgiaj,ska iukaú; h' tA wkqj"
jl% mDIaGhla fõ' odÿ legfha uqyqK;a 6ls'
●● >k jia;=j, odr

>k jia;=j, mDIaG fldgia folla yuq jk udhsug >k jia;=fõ odrhla
hehs lshkq ,efí'
jl% odrhla
ir, odr
jl% odrhla
.fvdf,a we;s odr ir, f¾Çh
fldkal%SÜ l=¨fka odr folla we;'
odr fõ' tjeks odr ir, odr fõ'
tu odr ir, f¾Çh fkdfõ' ir,
f¾Çh fkdjk odr jl% odr fõ'

●● >k jia;=j, YS¾I
.fvd<" odÿ legh jeks >k jia;= i,luq' fujeks yeve;s >k jia;=jl
odr ;=kla fyda Bg jeä .Kkla fyda yuq jk ;ekg YS¾Ihla hehs lshkq
,efí'
YS¾Ihla
YS¾Ihla
odÿ legfha YS¾I 8la we;'
.fvdf<a YS¾I 8la we;'
ksoiqk 1
,S fldghla folg lmd fjka lr .;a fldgila rEmfha oelafõ' tys
we;s ;, mDIAG fldgia" jl% mDIAG fldgia" ir, odr" jl% odr iy YS¾I
.Kk fjk fjk u ,shkak'
YS¾Ihla ir, odrhla ;, mDIaG fldgia 3ls'
jl% mDIAG fldgia .Kk 1ls'
ir, odr .Kk 4ls'
jl% odr .Kk 2ls'
jl% mDIAG fldgila YS¾I .Kk 4ls'
jl% odrhla
17'1 wNHdih
^1& my; oelafjk tla tla >k jia;=j, we;s odr" YS¾I iy mDIAG .Kk
weiqfrka j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
)a( )b( )c(
)d( )e(

uqyqK;a jl% mDIaG ir, odr jl% odr YS¾I
rEmh .Kk fldgia .Kk .Kk .Kk .Kk
a
b
c
d
e
17'2 >klh
odÿ legfha ish¨ mDIaG fldgia" ;, mDIaG fõ' fuys

ish¨ uqyqK;a tl u iup;=ri%hl yevh .kshs' ish¨
uqyqK;a iup;=ri%dldr jQ fujeks >k jia;=j,g
>klhl yevh we;ehs lshkq ,efí'
ls%hdldrlu 2

mshjr 1- -- iudk È.ska hq;a brgq len,s yd tAjd
iïnkaO lsÍug laf,a jeks iqÿiq øjHhla
fhdod f.k rEmfha oelafjk wdldrhg
brgq len,s iïnkaO lr iels,a,la ilia
lrkak'
mshjr 2 - ì%iag,a fndaâ tllska fyda fjk;a >k lvodishlska fyda

by; iels,a, we,ùug m%udKj;a iup;=ri%dldr len,s
6la lmd .kak' fif,dafÜma Ndú;fhka" by; lmd .;a
iup;=ri%dldr len,s 6 w,jd" >klhl wdlD;shla ilia
lrkak'

mshjr 3- - my; rEmh fldgq lvodishl we| .kak'
we,jqï jdis
mshjr 4 - we| .;a rEmh lmd fjka lr f.k ì%iag,a fndaâ tlla jeks
>k lvodishl msgm;a lr .kak' ke;s kï w,jd .kak'
mshjr 5 - >k lvodisfha msgm;a l< rEmh lmd fjka lr" wjYH mßÈ
keùfuka yd w÷re lr we;s we,jqï jdis Tiafia we,ùfuka
>klhl wdlD;shla ilia lrkak'

mshjr 6 - ilia lr .;a
wdlD;sfha" tla tla
uqyqK;l yevh"
uqyqK;a .Kk" odr
.Kk" YS¾I .Kk yd
fjk;a iqúfYaI ,laIK
mÍlaId lrkak' mÍlaId
lr y÷kd.;a ,laIK
wNHdi fmdf;a ,shd
olajkak' 1 rEmh - >klhl m;rula'
>klhl wdlD;shla ilia lr .ekSug fhdod .;a" by; rEmfha"
we,jqï jdis fkdue;s úg th >klfha m;ru f,i ye¢kafõ'

mshjr 7 - >klhl wdlD;shla idod .; yels fjk;a m;rï folla Tfí
fldgqrE,a wNHdi fmdf;a w¢kak'
Tng y÷kd.; yels >klfha ,laIK

● >klhl uqyqK;a 6la we;' uqyqK;aj, yevh iup;=ri%dldr fõ'
● >klfha iEu uqyqK;la u m%udKfhka tlsfklg iudk fõ'
● >klhl odr 12ls' odr 12 u ir, f¾Çh fõ'
● >klhl YS¾I 8la we;'
17'2 wNHdih

(1) >klhla idod .ekSu i|yd fhdod .; yels m;rï" my; rEm w;=ßka
f;dardf.k" tajd wNHdi fmdf;a w¢kak'
(2) >klhl yevh we;s >k jia;= folla ,shkak'

(3) >klhla ilia lr .; yels m;rul
fldgila rEmfha oelafõ' tu m;ru
iïmQ¾K lr wNHdi fmdf;a w¢kak'

(4) odrhl È. 3 cm jk >klhla ie§u i|yd iqÿiq m;rula w¢kak'

17'3 >kldNh
.fvd, jeks >k jia;= >kldNhl yevh

.kakd >k jia;= fõ'
ls%hdldrlu 3
mshjr 1- - fuys oelafjk rEmh

fldgq lvodishl we|
.kak' we| .;a rEmh
ì%iag,a fndaâ tll
msgm;a lr .kak'
ke;s kï w,jd .kak'
mshjr 2 - ì%iag,a fndaâ tl u; we¢ rEmh lmd iqÿiq mßÈ keùfuka yd

we,ùfuka >kldNhl wdlD;shla ilia lr .kak'
mshjr 3 - ilia l< wdlD;sfha È." m<, iy Wi uek ,shkak'
mshjr 4 - ilialr .;a wdlD;sh weiqfrka >kldNhl uqyqK;aj,

yev" uqyqK;a .Kk" odr .Kk" YS¾I .Kk iy fjk;a
iqúfYAI ,laIK mÍlaId lrkak'

- mÍlaId lr y÷kd.;a ,laIK wNHdi fmdf;a ,shd olajkak'
mshjr 5

>kldNhl wdlD;shla ilia lr
.ekSug fhdod .;a" by; rEmfha
we,jqï jdis fkdue;s jQ úg th
>kldNfha m;ru f,i ye¢kafõ'
2 rEmh - >kldNhl m;rula
- >kldNhl wdlD;s h la ilia l< yels fjk;a m;rula

mshjr 6
wNHdi fmdf;a w¢kak'
Tng y÷kd.; yels >kldNfha ,laIK'

●● >kldNhg uqyqK;a 6ls' >kldNfha uqyqK;a RcqfldaKdi%dldr
yevh .kshs'
●● >kldNfha tlsfklg uqyqK,d ;sfnk uqyqK;a m%udKfhka yd
yevfhka iudk fõ'
●● >kldNfha odr 12ls' ish¨ odr ir, f¾Çh fõ'
●● >kldNfha YS¾I 8ls'
17'3 wNHdih
(1) Tng mßirfha olakg ,efnk" >kldN yevh we;s >k jia;= myla
,shkak'
(2) (i) fldgq rE,a wNHdi fmdf;a >kldNhl rEmhla w¢kak'

(ii) by; we¢ >kldNfha È. m<, yd Wi uek ,shkak'

(3) rEmfhaoelafjk m;ru
Ndú;fhka idod .kakd 4 cm
>kldNfha È." m<, yd
Wi uek ,shkak'
6 cm
15 cm
(4) rEmfha oela f jka f ka
>kldNhla ilia ls Í ug
weÈ m;rul fldgils '
th iïmQ ¾ K lr fldgq
rE,a wNHdi fmdf;a
w¢ka k '
(5) È. 10 cm, m<, 6 cm, Wi 4 cm jk >kldNhla ilia lr .ekSug

wjYHj we;' fldgq rE,a fmdf;a fldgqjl me;a;l È. 1 cm hehs
i,ld by; >kldNfha m;ru we| ñkqï ,l=Kq lrkak'
17'4 iúê p;=ia;,h
oeka wms ;j;a >k jia;=jla jk iúê p;=ia;,fhys ,laIK my;
l%shdldrlu u.ska y÷kd .ksuq'
ls%hdldrlu 4
mshjr 1 - È.ska iudk brgq fyda îu ng 6la
f.k laf,a fyda fjk;a iqÿiq øjHhla
Ndú;fhka fuu rEmfha oelafjk
mßÈ iels,a,la ilia lrkak'
mshjr 2 - - ì%iag,a fndaâ tllska fyda fjk;a >k lvodishlska fyda by;
iels,a, we,ùug m%udKj;a ;%sfldaKdldr len,s lmd .kak'
fif,da fÜma Ndú;fhka" by; lmd .;a ;%sfldaKdldr len,s
w,jd iúê p;=ia;,fha wdlD;shla ilia lrkak'
mshjr 3 - fuys § we;s rEmh áIQ
lvodishl Wmldrfhka
ì%iag,a fndaâ tll we|
.kak'
mshjr 4 - we|.;a rEmh lmd iqÿiq
mßÈ f¾Ld Èf.a kjd"
we,ùfuka >k jia;=jl
wdlD;shla ilia lrkak'
mshjr 5 - - ilia lr .;a wdlD;sfha
yevh" tys uqyqK;a yevh" uqyqK;a .Kk" odr .Kk" YS¾I
.Kk yd fjk;a ,laIK y÷kd .kak'
mshjr 6 - y÷kd .;a ,laIK wNHdi fmdf;a ,shkak'
mshjr 7 - ieliQ wdlD;sfha odrj, È. uek ,shkak'
p;=ia;,hl wdlD;shla ilia lr

.ekSug fhdod .;a by; rEmfha"
we,jqï jdis fkdue;s úg th
p;=ia;,fha m;ru f,i ye¢kafõ'
mshjr 8 - iúê p;=ia;,hl wdlD;shla iEÈh yels fjk;a m;rula
w¢kak'
by; ls%hdldrlfï §" Tn úiska ilia l< jia;=j p;=ia;,hl wdlD;shls'
tys ish¨ uqyqK;a tlsfklg iudk jk w;r ish¨ odr o È.ska iudk
fõ' tneúka th iúê p;=ia;,hls'
Tng y÷kd.; yels iúê p;=ia;,fha ,laIK'
●● iúê p;=ia;,hl ish¨ uqyqK;a ;s%fldaKdldr yevh .kshs'
●● tys uqyqK;a 4ls'
●● iúê p;=ia;,fha odr 6ls' ish¨ odr ir, f¾Çh odr fõ'
●● iúê p;=ia;,fha YS¾I 4ls'

17'4 wNHdih
(1) iúê p;=ia;,hl uqyqK;l yevh l=ula o@
(2) rEmfha oelafjk m;ru Ndú;fhka idod

.kakd iúê p;=ia;,hl wdlD;sfha odrhl
È. lSh o@
8 cm
(3) rEmfha
oelafjkafka iúê
p;=ia;,hl wdlD;shla iEÈh
yels m;ruls' fuu m;ru
Ndú;fhka idod .kakd
iúê p;=ia;,hl wdlD;sfha
odrhl È. lSh o @ 10 cm
(4) odrhl È. 6 cm jk iúê p;=ia;,hl wdlD;shla iE§u i|yd

iqÿiq m;rula w¢kak ^by; iòyka m;rul tla ;%sfldaKhla áIQ
lvodishl msgm;a lr th Ndú; lrkak&'
17'5 ixhqla; >k jia;=
by; § Tn y÷kd.;a >k jia;= lsysmhla tlg iïnkaO lrñka ixhqla;

>k jia;= iod .; yels h'
ls%hdldrlu 5
mshjr 1 - my; i|yka >k jia;=j, wdlD;s" § we;s m%udK wkqj ì%iag,a
fndaâ Ndú;fhka idod .kak'
³ odrhl È. 6 cm jk >kl 2la
³ odrhl È. 6 cm jk iúê p;=ia;, 2la
³ tlsfklg iudk >kldN 2la

mshjr 2 - >klfha wdlD;s fol tl u; tl ;nd we,ùfuka ixhqla;
jia;=jla ilia lrkak'
mshjr 3 - iúê p;=ia;,fha wdlD;s fol tlu; tl ;nd we,ùfuka
ixhqla; jia;=jla ilia lrkak'
mshjr 4 - >kldNfha wdlD;s fol tl u; tl ;nd we,ùfuka
ixhqla; jia;=jla ilia lrkak'
mshjr 5 - ilia l< ixhqla; jia;=j, ,laIK" tajd iE§ug .;a
jia;=j, ,laIK iu. ii|ñka mÍlaId lrkak'
17'5 wNHdih
(1) rEmfha oelafjk >klh" ;j;a tjeks u

>klhlA u; uqyqK;a folla tl u; tl
;nd we,ùfuka >k jia;=jla idod .kq ,efí'
(i) idod .kakd >k jia;=j l=uk wdldrfha
tlla o@
5 cm
(ii) tu >k jia;=fõ ñkqï ,shkak'
(2) tlsfklg iudk iúê p;=ia;, foll uqyqK;a folla" tl u; tl
jk mßÈ ;nd we,ùfuka >k jia;=jla ;kd we;' tu >k jia;=fõ"
(i) uqyqK;a .Kk (ii) odr .Kk (iii) YS¾I .Kk
,shkak'
idrdxYh
●● odÿ legh" h.=<h
s " .fvd< jeks wjldYfha hï bvla .kakd ksh;
yevhla we;s jia;= >k jia;= f,i ye¢kafõ'
,laIK uqyqK;a odr YS¾I

>k jia;=j uqyqK;l yevh .Kk
.Kk .Kk
>klh iup;=ri%dldrh 6 12 8

>kldNh RcqfldaKdi%dldrh 6 12 8
iúê p;=ia;,h ;s%fldaKdldrh 4 6 4

mqkÍlaIK wNHdih 2
uhskd
(1)
(i) lsishï fmdÿ jQ ,laIK wkqj
fuys § we;s iuQyh ldKav lmqgd
follg fjka lr ,shkak'
t¿jd
(ii) tla tla ldKavh i|yd .e<fmk .srjd
kula ne.ska ,shkak' uqjd
t<fok
(2) (i) 1" 3" 6" 10" ''' f,i wdfrdayK mámdáhg ms<sfj<ska ,shQ ;%sfldaK ixLHd
rgdfjys B<Õg fhfok mo fol ,shkak'
(ii) 5" 10" 15" 20" ''' f,i 5ka mgka f.k wdfrdayK mámdáhg ms<sfj<g ,shQ 5ys
.=Kdldr rgdfjys 50 jkafka lS fjks moh o@

(3) (i) fuu rEmfha jgù we;s m%udKh tAllhla f,i
.;a úg" mdg lr we;s m%udKh Nd.hla f,i
,shd olajkak'

(ii) w.h fidhkak'
(a) (b) (c) (d) 4 − 3 (e) 7 − 1

6 7 14 12 3
(4) w.h fidhkak'
(i) 0'5 + 0'65 (ii) 2'76 + 1'44 (iii) 1'71 − 0'9 (iv) 2'13 − 1'89
(5) (i) 0g jeä jQ o" 90g wvq jQ o 9ys .=Kdldr ish,a, ,shd olajkak'
(ii) 84ys idOl ,shd olajkak'
3 1
(6) ñksil= ;ud i;= bvfuka la úl=KQ w;r la ;u mq;=g ÿkafka h'
10 5
(i) by; Nd. fol ms<sn| j wi;H jk m%ldYh f;dard ,shkak'
â& Nd. fol u ;;H ^kshu& Nd. fõ'
^b& Nd. fol u tAll Nd. fõ'
^c& tla Nd.hla muKla tAll Nd.hls'
(ii) ysia fldgqj,g wod< ixLHd ,shkak'
1 1× 2 2
= =
5 5 ×

1
(iii) yd 3 tl;= l< úg m%;sM,h f,i ,efnk Nd.h fidhkak'
5 10
(iv) Tyqg oeka bvfuka yß wvla b;sßj we;s nj fmkajkak'
(v) Tyqg b;sß jQ fldgi RcqfldaKdi%dldr jk w;r tys È. 50 m 40 cm yd
m<, 20 m 75 cm fõ'
(a) fuys È." m<,g jvd fldmuK ógr .Kklska jeä o@
(b) fuu b;sß jQ fldgfiys me;s ish,af,a È.j, tl;=j fidhkak'
(7) (i) RcqfldaKdi%dldr l¿ ,E,a,l È. 1 m yd 50 cm fõ' m<, 80 cm fõ' l¿
,E,af,ys me;s ish,af,a È.j, tl;=j fidhkak'
(ii) kSfrdaf.a ksjfia isg md,u yryd mdi, fj; hdfï §" hd hq;= ÿr
lsf,daógrj,ska olajkak'
mdi,
500 m
kSfrdaf.a 700 m md,u

ksji
(8) (i) (ii) (iii) (iv)
m cm km m l ml l ml
5 75 10 660 4 750 5 000
+2 45 − 3 890 + 2 350 − 2 050
(9) my; tla tlA wjia:dfõ" § we;s ixLHd wjfrdayK mámdáhg ,shkak'
(i) 1 , 5 , 1 (ii) 1" 1'1" 0'1" 0'2" 0'3
12 6
(10) (i) ÿïßhl tkaðul È. 16 mls' tla ÿïßh ueÈßhl È. 26 mls' iEu ÿïßh
ueÈß 2la iïnkaO jk úg tAjd w;r mr;rh 2'5 mfõ'
2'5 m 2'5 m
tkaðu ueÈß ueÈß ueÈß
16 m 26 m
ueÈß 3la iy tkaðu iys; ÿïßfha uq¿ os. fldmuK o@
(ii) 0'4 m k.rhl we;s Trf,daiq lKqjla rEmfha
oelafõ' tys uq¿ Wi ógrj,ska olajkak'
1'05 m
3'55 m
(11) (w) my; § we;s ixLHd yh w;=ßka"

675" 908" 993" 1970" 2435" 3800
(i) 2ka fnfok ixLHd f;dard ,shkak'
(ii) 5ka fnfok ixLHd f;dard ,shkak'
(iii) 2ka o 5ka o fnfok ixLHd lShla ;sfí o@
(wd) (i) iqÿiq mQ¾K ixLHd fhdoñka ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
1× = 12" 2 × = 12" 3× = 12
(ii) tu.ska 12ys idOl fidhkak'
(iii) 18ys idOl fn§fï l%ufhka fidhkak'
(iv) by; m%;sM, wkqj 12 iy 18 hk ixLHd folg u fmdÿ jQ idOl
fidhkak'
(12) (i) my; tla tla ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmfha yevh uqyqK;la f,i oelsh yels
>k jia;=jla ne.ska ,shd olajkak'
RcqfldaKdi%h -
iup;=ri%h -
;% sfldaKh
-
(ii) iup;=ri%h iy ;%mSishu hk ;, rEmj,
oelsh yels ,laIK 2la ,shkak'
(iii) iúê p;=ia;,hl m;rula rEmfha oelafõ'
(a) tys uqyqK;l yevh l=ula o@
(b) fuu m;ru wkqj p;=ia;,fha
odrhl È. fldmuK o@
10 cm

(13)
1" 2" 3" 4" 5" 6" 7" 8" 9" 10
(i) by; olajd we;s mQ¾K ixLHd oyh w;=ßka brÜg ixLHd ish,a, ,shd
olajkak'
(ii) by; olajd we;s mQ¾K ixLHd oyh w;=ßka l=vd u T;af;a ixLHdj o
úYd, u T;af;a ixLHdj o ,shd olajkak'
(iii) 20;a 30;a w;r mj;sk m%:ul ixLHd ish,a, ,shd olajkak'
(iv) T;af;a ixLHdjla fukau iup;=ri% ixLHdjla o jk ixLHdjla ,shkak'
(14) tÈfkod Ndú; lrk ñkqï tAll lsysmhla my; olajd we;'
ógr" ñ,s,Sgr" fikaáógr" ,Sgr" lsf,daógr

(i) fmdÿ jQ ,laIK we;s ldKav follg fuu ñkqï tAll iuQyh
fjkalr olajkak'
(ii) tu tla tla ldKavh ye¢kaùug iqÿiq kduhka ,shd olajkak'
(iii) tu tla tla ñkqï tAllh ,shd" Bg bÈßfhka tys ixfla;h ,shd
olajkak'
(iv) tu tla tla ldKavfha ñkqï tAll w;r mj;sk iïnkaO;d ,shd
olajkak'
(15) (i) (a) 1 l 50 ml l øj m%udKh ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'

(b)
ñ,s,Sgr 2035" ,Sgr yd ñ,s,Sgrj,ska olajkak'
(c) c,h ,Sgrhlska ùÿre 6lg ñ,s,Sgr 150 ne.ska j;a l< úg b;sß jk
c, m%udKh fldmuK o@
(ii) iqÿ frÈ ógr 5lska .jqula i|yd ógr 2'5la o" lñihla i|yd ógr 1'75la
o lmd .;a úg b;sß jk frÈ lene,af,a È. fikaáógrj,ska olajkak'
(16) (i) >kldN yevh we;s >k jia;= foll kï ,shd olajkak'
(ii) >kldN yevh we;s fmÜáhla ;ekSug iqÿiq m;rula w¢kak'
(iii) >kldNhl we;s uqyqK;a .Kk" YS¾I .Kk iy odr .Kk ,shd olajkak'

18 ùÔh ixfla;
² {d;" w{d; yd úp,Hhka y÷kd .ekSug yelshdj ,efí'

18'1 .‚;fha § ixfla; Ndú;h

.Ks;fha § Ndú; flfrk Tn okakd ixfla; rdYshls' 0" 1" 2" 3" 4" 5" 6"
7" 8 iy 9 hkq Tn fyd¢ka u okakd yskaÿ wrdì l%ufha b,lalï i|yd
Ndú; jk ixfla;hka fõ' b,lalï Ndú; lrñka ´kE u ixLHdjla
,shkq ,efí'
ksoiqka f,i" 1 yd 2 hk b,lalï fol muKla fhdod .ksñka ,súh
yels ixLHd lsysmhla my; oelafõ'
WodyrK f,i" úis fol ixfla;j;a lr we;af;a 22 f,i o" foish úis
tl ixfla;j;a lr we;af;a 221 f,i o fõ'
1" 11" 22" 12" 21" 111" 222" 112" 121" 211" 122" 212" 221
my; oelafjkafka o .Ks;fha § fhdod .kakd ;j;a ixfla; lsysmhls'
tAjd .‚; l¾uhka ksrEmKhg fhdok ixfla;hka h'
.‚; l¾uh ixfla;h
tl;= lsÍu +
wvq lsÍu −
.=K lsÍu ×
fn§u ÷
1" 2" 3, +, −, ×, ÷, = wdÈ .‚;fha §" Ndú; lrk ixfla; Ndú; fldg
.‚; m%ldYk ,súh yels h'
ksoiqkla f,i wgg myla tl;= l< úg oy;=kla ,efí hk m%ldYkh
ixfla; Ndú;fhka 8 + 5 = 13 f,i oelaúh yels h'
—fofla tajd ;=kla yhls˜ hk m%ldYkh 2 × 3 = 6 f,i o —;=fka tajd
folla yhls˜ hkak 3 × 2 = 6 f,i o ixfla; Ndú; lr ,súh yels h'

ksoiqk 1
ksjilg ojilg lsß ,Sgr fol ne.ska" i;shl §
ñ,§ .kakd lsß ,Sgr m%udKh fidhkak'
fï .eg¨fõ úi÷u" ixfla; Ndú; lr"
2 × 7 = 14 hk m%ldYkfhka ,shd oelaúh yels h'
2l tkï i;shl § ñ, § .kakd lsß ,Sgr m%udKh
,Sgr 14ls'
hï .eg¨jla .‚; oekqu Ndú; lr úi£ug" ixfla; fhdod .efka'

jpkj,ska úia;r flfrk m%ldYkhka" .‚; m%ldYkhka f,i bÈßm;a
lr hï .eg¨jla .‚; oekqu Ndú; lr úi£ug fuf,i ixfla;
fhdod .ekSug isÿ fõ'
18'2 {d; yd w{d; ye¢kaùu i|yd Ndú; flfrk ixfla;
i;shlg Èk y;la we;=<;a nj wms okafkuq' fuh —i;shlg Èk 7˜

f,i o ,shkq ,efí'
by; ksoiqfkys" i;shlg Èk y;la nj" m%ldY lsÍug —7˜ hk ixfla;h
fhdod f.k we;' fuh wms okakd ksh; ixLHdjls' th {d;hla f,i
ye¢kafõ'
fuf,iska m%udKh okakd ksh; w.hla ixfla; u.ska m%ldY l< yels
h' fïjd —{d;˜ f,i ye¢kafõ' —{d;˜ hkafkys woyi —okakd˜ hkak
hs' .Ks;fha §" m%udKh okakd ksh; w.hla" tkï" {d;hla m%ldY
jkafka ixLHdjlsks'

lsishï ksjilg Èklg ñ, § .kafka tl u lsß

m%udKh jqj;a tu m%udKh fkdokakd w.hla kï" th
ixLHdjla u.ska ,súh fkdyels h' fujeks fkdokakd
ksh; w.hka w{d;hka f,i ye¢kafõ'
.‚; m%ldYkj, w{d; fndfyda úg ,shkq ,nkafka bx.%Sis fydaäfha

l=vd îsïm,a& wl=re Ndú; lrñks' tA wkqj Èklg .kakd lsß m%udKh
fkdokakd ksh; w.hla neúka a wl=frka ixfla;j;a l< yels h'
ksu,a iy iS;d ;u ;uka <`. we;s fjr¿ f.ä .Kk fmka jQ wdldrh
n,kak'
iS;df.a wf;ys jQ fjr¿ f.ä .Kk 3la f,i b,lalñka oelaúh yels h'
th {d; ixLHdjls' tfy;a ksu,af.a wf;a ;sfnk fjr¿ f.ä .Kfka
ksYaÑ; w.h wmg yßhg u lsj fkdyels h' fuh wm fkdokakd ksh;
w.hls' tkï w{d;hls' ta wkqj ksu,a w; we;s fjr¿ f.ä .Kk b
hehs lshuq' fuys b fjkqjg fjk;a ´kEu wl=rla fhdod .; yels h'
fuf,i w{d; oelaùug fhdod.kakd ixfla; ùÔh ixfla; fõ'

w{d; ksh; i|yd ùÔh ixfla; Ndú; l< wjia:d lsysmhla my;
oelafõ'
Tfí mka;s ldurfha È. ógr l fõ'

Tfí mdif,a mqia;ld,fha fmd;a .Kk n fõ'
fldä lKqfõ Wi ógr h fõ'

18'1 wNHdih
(1) (i) my; j.=fõ i|yka tla tla m%ldYkfhka oelafjkafka {d;
ksh;hla o w{d; ksh;hla o hkak fojk ;Srfha ,shkak'
(ii) tu tla tla ksh;h {d;hla kï tys w.h b,lalñka o"
w{d;hla kï iqÿiq ùÔh ixfla;hla o fhdod .ksñka f;jk
;Srfha ,shkak'
{d;hla $
m%ldYkh w{d;hla
ckjdß udihg we;s Èk .Kk
ksu,af.a fmd;a nE.hl we;s fmd;a .Kk
,Sgrhlg we;s ñ,s,Sgr .Kk
6 fY%K
a f
s ha .Ks;h fm< fmdf;a jpk .Kk
Tn Bfha Èkfha yqiau .;a jdr .Kk
18'3 úp,H

fuu rEmh wkqj" Tng fjf<|fmdf<A úúO ñ, .Kkaj,g fmd,a
úlsfKk nj meyeÈ,s fõ' tneúka fmd,a f.ähl úl=Kqï ñ, ksYaÑ;
w.hla fkd.kakd neúka fmd,a f.ähla .; yels ñ, úp,Hhla f,i
ye¢kafõ'
fujeks úp,Hhka x, y, z jeks bx.s%iS wl=re u.ska ksrEmKh lrkq
,efí' tAjd o ùÔh ixfla; fõ'

ksoiqk 1
fjf<|i,l Èkl wdodhu remsh,a x fõ'
fudag¾ r:hla mehl § .uka lrk ÿr lsf,daógr y fõ'
fmg%,a ,Sgr tllska fudag¾ r:hla .uka lrk ÿr lsf,daógr x fõ'
fmnrjdß udihg we;s Èk .Kk n fõ'
18'2 wNHdih
(1) my; olajd we;s tla tla m%ldYkfhka oelafjkafka ksh;hla o

ke; fyd;a úp,Hhla o hkak ,shd olajkak'
(i) fkÜ fnda,a lKAvdhul isák lS%äldjka .Kk
(ii) flfi,a lekl m<uq wejßfha we;s f.ä .Kk
(iii) .=jka hdkdjlg lgqkdhl .=jka f;dgqmf<a isg kj È,a,s .=jka
f;dgqm<g hEug .; jk ld,h
(iv) iup;=ri%hl we;s mdo .Kk
(v) ógrhl we;s fikaáógr .Kk
(vi) lsf,da.a?uhlg w,a,k foys f.ä .Kk
(vii) fmg%,a ,Sgrhlska lsishï fudag¾ r:hla .uka lrk ÿr
(viii) YsIHhl=g f.or isg mdi,g hEug .; jk ld,h
(ix) Èkl j¾Idm;kh
(x) mjqul ñ, remsh,aj,ska
(xi) weußldkq fvd,rhl ñ, remsh,aj,ska
(xii) wjqreoaolg we;s Èk .Kk
(xiii) mdif,a isiqkaf.a Èkm;d meñŒu
idrdxYh
² m%udKh okakd ksh; w.hka {d; f,i ye¢kafõ'
² m%udKh fkdokakd ksh; w.hka w{d; f,i ye¢kafõ'

19 ùÔh m%ldYk f.dvke.Su yd
wdfoaYh
² ùÔh ixfla; fhdod ùÔh m%ldYk f.dv ke.Sug iy
² mQ¾K ixLHd wdfoaY lrñka ix.=Klh 1 jQ tla w{d;hla iys;
ùÔh m%ldYkhl w.h fiùug
yelshdj ,efí'
19'1 ùÔh m%ldYk f.dvke.Su
iqksu,a <Õ wNHdi fmd;a 5la ;sfí' p;=r <Õ wNHdi fmd;a 4la ;sfí'
fofokd u <Õ ;sfnk wNHdi fmd;a .Kk fidhuq'
fofokd u <Õ we;s wNHdi fmd;a .Kk 5 + 4 fõ' tkï 9ls'
p,ks i;= j wNHdi fmd;a 4la ;sì‚' wehg ududf.ka ;j;a wNHdi
fmd;a md¾i,hla ,eì‚' oeka p,ks i;= j we;s fmd;a m%udKh fidhuq'
fmd;a 4 md¾i,h
wehg ,enqKq fmd;a md¾i,fha fmd;a m%udKh yßhg u fkdokakd
neúka th w{d; ksh;hls' md¾i,fha we;s fmd;a m%udKh n u.ska
ksrEmKh lruq'
p,ks i;= j ;snQ fmd;a .Kk = 4
ududf.ka ,enqKq md¾i,fha we;s fmd;a .Kk = n
p,ks i;= uq¿ fmd;a .Kk = 4 + n
p,ks i;= uq¿ fmd;a .Kk 4 + n f,i ,súh yels h' fuh n + 4 f,i
o ,súh yels h'
fuf,i f.dvk.d .kakd m%ldYkhla ùÔh m%ldYkhla fõ'

;j;a wjia:djla i|yd ùÔh m%ldYkhla f.dv k.uq'
ùÿre fnda, iuQyhla we;s u,a,lska ùÿre fnda, 5la bj;g .kakd ,È'
oeka u,af,a we;s b;sß fnda, m%udKh oelaùug" ùÔh m%ldYkhla f.dv
k.uq'
ùÿre fnda, .Kk a
u,af,a ;snqKq ùÿre fnda, .Kk a hehs .ksuq' th w{d; ksh;hls'

u,af,a ;snQ ùÿre fnda, .Kk = a
bj;g .;a ùÿre fnda, .Kk = 5
u,af,a b;sß j we;s ùÿre fnda, .Kk = a - 5
u,af,a b;sß j we;s fnda, .Kk i|yd ùÔh m%ldYkh a - 5 fõ'
ksoiqk 1
mka;shl isiqyq 45la isá;s' mka;sfha isák msßñ <uhs .Kk m hehs
.;a úg mka;sfha isák .eyekq <uhs .Kk oelaùug ùÔh m%ldYkhla
f.dv k.kak'
mka;sfha isák .eyekq <uhs .Kk fiùug" mka;sfha isák uq¿ <uhs
.Kkska msßñ <uhs .Kk wvq l< hq;= h'
uq¿ <uhs .Kk = 45
msßñ <uhs .Kk = m
.eyekq <uhs .Kk = 45 - m

19'1 wNHdih

m<uq jk moh yd fojk moh tl;=
m<uq jk moh fojk moh
l< úg ,efnk ùÔh m%ldYkh
x 10
3 9
15 x
y 4
n 7
p 5
6 ............... 6+y
............... d 25 + d
(2) my; § we;s j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'

fojk moh" m<uq jk mofhka wvq
m<uq jk moh fojk moh
l< úg ,efnk ùÔh m%ldYkh
x 2
100 9
y 45
p 100
32 x
m 8
(3) mdi,l .=re uKav,fha .=rejre p .Kkla isá;s' kjl .=rejre
fofofkla mdi,g tl;= jQy' oeka mdif,a isák .=rejreka .Kk
ùÔh m%ldYkhlska olajkak'
(4) mdi,l wdÈ YsIHhl= úiska mdi,a mqia;ld,hg fmd;a 100la mß;Hd.
lrk ,È' mqia;ld,fha ;snQ fmd;a .Kk x hehs i,ld mß;Hd.
fhka miq mqia;ld,hg wh;a iïmQ¾K fmd;a .Kk oelaùug ùÔh
m%ldYkhla f.dv k.kak'
(5) ud <Õ ;snQ uqof,ka re 10la uu hdplhl=g ÿksñ' ud <Õ b;sß j
we;s uqo, ùÔh m%ldYkhlska olajkak'

(6) ksu,af.a mshdf.a ojil wdodhu re 750ls' uj wehf.a fjf<|dfuka
re' x m%udKhl wdodhula Wmhhs' mshdf.a;a" ujf.a;a ojil uq¿
wdodhu oelaùug ùÔh m%ldYkhla f.dv k.kak'
(7) rejka nia kej;=ïm<g meñK ñks;a;= 10la .; ù we;' ;j;a ñks;a;=
t j,ska Tyq hk nih meñfKa' Tyqg niakej;=fï /§ isàug isÿ jk
uq¿ ld,h oelaùug ùÔh m%ldYkhla f.dv k.kak'
(8) fmd,a f.ähl ñ, re' x fõ' wïud <Õ ;snqK re' 150ka fmd,a
f.ähla ñ, § .;a úg" b;sß jk uqo, fldmuK o@
19'2 wdfoaY lsÍu

x + 6 ùÔh m%ldYkh i,luq' fuys xj,ska ixLHdjla ksrEmKh fõ'
x = 2 hehs .ksuq'
túg" x + 6 = 2 + 6
x+6 = 8
x = 2 úg" x + 6 ùÔh m%ldYkfha w.h 8g iudk fõ'
fuf,i" ùÔh m%ldYkhl" w{d; mohg fyda úp,H mohg fyda
ixLHd;aul w.hla fh§u wdfoaY lsÍu kï fõ' wdfoaY lsÍula u.ska
ùÔh m%ldYkhlg ixLHd;aul w.hla ,efí'
oeka wms x + 6 ùÔh m%ldYkfha x i|yd úúO w.hka wdfoaY l< úg" tu
m%ldYkhg ,efnk w.hka fidhuq'
x = 2 úg" x + 6 = 2 + 6 x = 4 úg" x + 6 = 4 + 6
=8 = 10
x = 8 úg" x + 6 = 8 + 6
= 14
úúO m%ldYkj, wvx.= w{d; mo i|yd ixLHd;aul w.hka wdfoaY lr"
tu wdfoaYfhka miq w.h ,nd .kakd wdldrh my; j.=fjka oelafõ'
ùÔh m%ldYkfha w{d;h w.h wdfoaYfhka m%ldYkfha
ùÔh m%ldYkh i|yd wdfoaY lrk w.h miq m%ldYkh w.h
x+7 3 3+7 10
y + 50 14 14 + 50 64
a-3 8 8-3 5
p - 14 20 20 - 14 6

ksoiqk 1
x = 5 jk úg" x - 4 m%ldYkfha w.h fidhkak'
x = 5 úg"
x - 4 = 5 - 4
= 1

ls%hdldrlu 1
my; oelafjk j.=j msgm;a lrf.k" th iïmQ¾K lrkak'
wdfoaYfhka
tys wvx.= w{d; moh i|yd wdfoaY
ùÔh m%ldYkh miq m%ldYkfha
fyda úp,H moh l< hq;= w.h
ixLHd;aul w.h
x+6 5
y+5 14
a-8 12
p - 10 20
15 - n 6
19'2 wNHdih
(1) x = 10 jk úg" my; § we;s tla tla ùÔh m%ldYkfhys w.h
fidhkak'
î& x + 5 îi& x + 8 îii& 25 - x

(2) y } 25 jk úg" my; § we;s tla tla ùÔh m%ldYkfhys w.h fidhkak'
î& y + 5 îi& y - 10 îii& y - 20
(3) a = 8 jk úg" my; § we;s tla tla ùÔh m%ldYkfhys w.h

fidhkak'
î& 20 - a îi& 15 - a îii& 35 - a

(4) fmd,a f.ähl ñ, re' x jk w;r" iSks 1 kgl ñ, re' 110la fõ'
fmd,a f.ählg iy iSks 1 kglg jeh jk uq¿ uqo, oelafjk ùÔh
m%ldYkhla ,shkak' fmd,a f.äfha ñ, re' 35la kï tu ùÔh
m%ldYkfha w.h fidhkak'
(5) tla;rd mjq,l mshdf.a yd ujf.a ffoksl bmehSu re' 850 + x fõ'
fuys re' 850 hkq mshdf.a ffoksl bmehSu o x hkafkka olajd
we;af;a ujf.a ffoksl bmehSu o fõ' tla;rd i;shl Èk myl §
ujf.a ffoksl bmehSu ms<sfj<ska re' 600" re' 550" re' 435" re' 525
yd re' 515 fõ' tu mjqf,a tla tla Èkfha uq¿ bmehSu fjk fjk u
fidhkak'
idrdxYh
² ùÔh ixfla; Ndú; lr ,shk m%ldYkhla ùÔh m%ldYkhla kï
fõ'
² ùÔh m%ldYkhl w{d; mohg fyda úp,H mohg fyda ixLHd;aul
w.hla fh§u wdfoaY lsÍula kï fõ'

20 ialkaOh
●● ialkaOh uekSu i|yd Ndú; jk tAll y÷kd .ekSug"
●● ialkaOh uksk tAll w;r iïnkaO;dj oek .ekSug iy
●● tu tAllj,ska" § we;s ialkaO tl;= lsÍug yd wvq lsÍug
yelshdj ,efí'
20'1 ye¢kaùu
fjf<|fmdf<a we;s úúO m%udKhkaf.ka hqla; f;a l=vq melÜgq lsysmhla
my; oelafõ' tla tla melÜgqj u; igyka lr we;s m%udK ksÍlaIKh
lrkak'
fuys" tla tla melÜgqfõ wvx.= f;a l=vq m%udK" .a?ï (g) iy lsf,da.a?ï
(kg)j,ska olajd we;s nj fmkS hhs'
tu m%udK ms<sn| j my; i|yka mßÈ úia;r l< yels h'
●● m<uq melÜgqfõ wvx.= f;a l=vq m%udKh .a?ï 50ls' th 50 g f,i
olajd we;'
●● fojk melÜgqfõ wvx.= f;a l=vq m%udKh .a?ï 500ls' th 500 g f,i
olajd we;'
●● f;jk melÜgqfõ wvx.= f;a l=vq m%udKh lsf,da.a?ï 1ls' th 1 kg
f,i olajd we;'
oeka wms ialkaOh hkq l=ula oehs úuid n,uq'
ialkaOh hkq jia;=jl we;s øjH m%udKh ms<sn| ñkquls' tA wkqj" by;
50 g f,i i|yka melÜgqfõ we;s f;a l=vqj, ialkaOh 50 gls' tf,iu
wfkla melÜgq fofla we;s f;a l=vqj, ialkaOh 500 g yd 1 kg fõ'

yd,a ñáfha ialkaOh lsf,da.a?ï 50ls' tkï 50 kg fõ'
.a?ï iy lsf,da.a?ï hkq ialkaOh uek .ekSu i|yd Ndú; jk ñkqï

tAll folls' wms ksjig wjYH fndfyda øjH fjf<|fmdf<ka ñ, §
.ekSfï § .a?ï fyda lsf,da.a?ï hk m%udKj,ska tAjd ,nd .ksuq'
ialkaOh uekSu i|yd Ndú; lrkq ,nk mä lsysmhla iy ;rdÈhla

my; oelafõ'
mähl fyda mä lsysmhl fyda ialkaOh" øjHhl ialkaOh iu`.

ixikaokh lr" tys ialkaOh uek .ekSug ;rdÈhla Ndú; lrkq ,efí'
1 kg mäh fhdod .ksñka w, 1 kg uek .kakd whqre my; oelafõ'
;rdÈfha tla mfilg ialkaOh uek .ekSu i|yd Ndú; flfrk mä o
wfkla mig w, o fhdokq ,efí'

fï wjia:dfõ w,j, fï wjia:dfõ w,j, ialkaOh
ialkaOh 1 kgg jvd wvq h' 1 kgg jvd jeä h'

ndyqj ;sria j ;rdÈfha ndyqj ;sria j mj;sk fudfydf;a
we;' § ;rdÈh ;=,kh ù we;e hs lshkq ,efí'
tfia ;=,kh jQ úg" w,j, ialkaOh 1 kg
mäfha ialkaOhg iudk fõ' tkï w,j,
ialkaOh 1 kg fõ'
msá 400 g uek .ekSug 200 g 500 g iy 100 g mä tlla ne.ska

mä folla fhdod .; yels h' ;sfnk úg msá 400 g my; rEmfha
oelafjk mßÈ uek .; yels h'
500 g mäh msá iy 100 g mäh
20'2 ialkaOh uekSu i|yd Ndú; lrk úúO WmlrK
;rdÈh iy mä Ndú; lsÍfï §" fndfyda úg"

mähl fyda mä lsysmhl fyda ialkaOhg
iudk ialkaOhka uek .kq ,efí' 425 g
muK ialkaOhla iys; jÜglald f.ähla
by; 98 msgqfõ i|yka mä fhdod f.k
ksj/È j uek.; fkdyels h' tjeks
wjia:djl §" ialkaOh ksjerÈ j uekSug fuu ñkqï WmlrKj,ska
tlla Ndú; l< yels h'

9' r' uq' kS' i' 190377

fuys oelafjkafka Tfí YÍrfha ialkaOh
jeks ialkaOhka uek .ekSu i|yd Ndú;
l< yels ñkqï WmlrK folls' th u;
isg .;a úg Tfí ialkaOh tys o¾Ylh
u.ska fmkakqï flf¾'
20'1 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk tla tla wjia:dj, ;rdÈfha ol=K;a mi we;s øjH
m%udKfha ialkaOh 400 g g jvd jeä o" 400 g g jvd wvq o" 400 g
g iudk o" hkak m%ldY lrkak'
(i) (ii)
(iii)
20'3 ialkaOh uksk tAll w;r iïnkaO;dj

.a?ï iy lsf,da.a?ï hkq ialkaOh uekSug Ndú; lrk tAll folla
nj wms bf.k .;af;uq' ialkaOh uek .ekSug wm úiska Ndú; lrkq
,nk .a?ï yd lsf,da.a?ï w;r iïnkaO;dj my; oelafõ'
1000 g = 1 kg
ialkaOh uksk iïu; tAllh lsf,da.a?ï fõ'

ls%hdldrlu 1
my; i|yka ;rdÈj, jïmi ;eáfha 1 kg mähla ;nd ol=Kq mi
;eáhg iudk ialkaO iys; ,S l=Üá fhdod .ksñka tAjd ;=,kh lr
we;'
tla tla rEmfha oelafjk tla ,S l=Üáhl ialkaOh .a?ïj,ska ,shd
olajkak'
,S l=Üá 2la we;' ,S l=Üá 4la we;'

tla ,S l=Üáhl ialkaOh = ''''''' tla ,S l=Üáhl ialkaOh = '''''''
,S l=Üá 10la we;'

tla ,S l=Üáhl ialkaOh = '''''''
Tn fidhd.;a ialkaO ksjerÈ oehs n,uq'

(i) 1 kg hkq 1000 g neúka ,S l=Üá 2ys ialkaOh 1000 g fõ' tA wkqj
tla ,S l=Üáhl ialkaOh 500 g fõ'

●● lsf,da.a?ïj,ska olajd we;s ialkaOhla .a?ïj,ska oelaùu
oeka wms lsf,da.a?ïj,ska § we;s ialkaOhla .a?ïj,ska olajk wdldrh
úuid n,uq'
1 kg = 1000 g neúka"
2 kg = 2000 g
3 kg = 3000 g
fï wkqj" lsf,da.a?ïj,ska § we;s ialkaOhla .a?ïj,ska oelaùug
lsf,da.a?ï f,i § we;s .Kk 1000ka .=K l< hq;= h'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
7 kg, .a?ïj,ska olajkak' 1 kg 250 g, .a?ïj,ska olajkak'
1 kg = 1000 g neúka" 1 kg = 1000 g neúka"
7 kg = 7 × 1000 g 1 kg 250 g = 1000 g + 250 g
= 7000 g = 1250 g
20'2 wNHdih
(1) ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
(i) 1 kg = .a?ï 500 tAjd '''''' hs (ii) 1 kg = .a?ï 200 tAjd '''''' hs
(iii) 1 kg = .a?ï 100 tAjd '''''' hs (iv) 1 kg = .a?ï 250 tAjd '''''' hs
(v) 1 kg = .a?ï 125 tAjd '''''' hs
(2) my; i|yka tla tla wjia:dfõ ysia;ekg .e<fmk ialkaOh
.a?ïj,ska ,shd olajkak'
(i) 1 kg = 250 g + 100 g + 100 g + 50 g + ...... g
(ii) 1 kg = 150 g + 250 g + 100 g + ...... g
(iii) 1 kg = 4 × ...... g (iv) 1 kg = 8 × ...... g
(v) 1 kg = 2 × ...... g (vi) 1 kg = 1 × ...... g
(3) tla tla ysia;ekg iqÿiq w.h .a?ïj,ska ,shkak'
(i) 500 g = 1 kg – ...... g (ii) 250 g = 1 kg – ...... g
(4) my; i|yka tla tla ialkaOh .a?ïj,ska olajkak'
(i) 6 kg (ii) 2 kg 500 g (iii) 4 kg 150 g
(ii) 1 kg 25g (v) 15 kg 202 g (vi) 6 kg 666 g

●● .a?ïj,ska olajd we;s ialkaOhla lsf,da.a?ïj,ska oelaùu
oeka wms .a?ïj,ska olajd we;s ialkaOhla lsf,da.a?ïj,ska olajuq'
1000 g = 1 kg neúka"
2000 g = 2 kg
3000 g = 3 kg
fï wkqj" .a?ïj,ska olajd we;s ialkaOhla lsf,da.a?ïj,ska oelaùug"
lsf,da.a?ï f,i § we;s .Kk 1000ka fnÈh hq;= h'
ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
9000 g, lsf,da.a?ïj,ska olajkak' 2750 g, lsf,da.a?ï iy
1000 g = 1 kg neúka" .a?ïj,ska olajkak'
g = 9000 kg
9000 2750 g = 2000 g + 750 g
1000 1000 g = 1 kg neúka"
= 9 kg 2750 g = 2 kg + 750 g
2750 g = 2 kg 750 g
fï wdldrhg .a?ï 1000la fyda Bg jeä m%udKhla lsf,da.a?ï yd
.a?ïj,ska olajk úg .a?ï .Kk 1000g jvd wvq jk f,i ,shkq
,efí'
ksoiqk 3
.a?ïj,ska § we;s ialkaOhka lsf,da.a?ï iy .a?ïj,ska olajñka"
my; oelafjk j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
g kg g
999 0 999
1000 1 000
6075 6 075
7009 7 009
20'3 wNHdih
(1) .a?ïj,ska" § we;s my; i|yka tla tla ialkaOh lsf,da.a?ïj,ska
olajkak'
(i) 2000 g (ii) 5000 g (iii) 8000 g (iv) 12 000 g

(2) .a?ïj,ska" § we;s my; i|yka tla tla ialkaOh lsf,da.a?ï iy
.a?ïj,ska olajkak'
(i) 3500 g (ii) 2065 g (iii) 4005 g (iv) 3250 g (v) 10 050 g
(3) .a?ïj,ska § we;s ialkaO" lsf,da.a?ï iy .a?ïj,ska olajñka my;

oelafjk j.=fõ ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
g kg g
875 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''
1035 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 1 005
3015 3 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''
4380 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' '''''''''''''''''''''''''''
''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 8 150
12 565 ''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 565
20'4 ialkaO tl;= lsÍu ;jÿrg;a
;%sfmdaI .a?ï 500lg iSks .a?ï 250la tl;= l<

úg iEfok ñY%Kfha ialkaOh fldmuK oehs
fidhd n,uq'

§ we;s ialkaO fol u .a?ïj,ska" § we;' tl u tAllfhka 500 g
fuu ialkaO m%udK olajd we;s fyhska olajd we;s mßÈ tl;= 250 g
lruq' 750 g

tA wkqj" ñY%Kfha ialkaOh 750 g fõ'

flala tlla iE§fï § msá 1 kg
500 g o iSks 1 kg 250 g o ud.ßka
1 kg 500 g o ñY% lrkq ,efí'
ñY%Kfha ialkaOh fldmuK
oehs fidhd n,uq'
lsf,da.a?ï iy .a?ïj,ska § we;s fuu ialkaO tl;= lsÍfï §" lsf,da.a?ï
tla ;Srhlg;a .a?ï tla ;Srhlg;a ,shd .; hq;= fõ'
.a?ï ;Srefõ m%udK tl;= lruq'
kg g
500 g + 250 g + 500 g = 1250 g
1 500
1250 g = 1000 g + 250 g
1 250
1000 g = 1 kg neúka" 1250 g = 1 kg + 250 g
+ 1 500
250 g, .a?ï ;Srefõ ,shuq' 1 kg lsf,da.a?ï ;Srejg
4 250
f.k f.dia tl;= lruq'
túg lsf,da.a?ï ;Srefõ tl;=j 1 + 1 + 1 + 1 = 4 tkï 4 kg fõ'
ms<s;=r 4 kg 250 g.

ksoiqk 1
.a?ï ;Srefõ ixLHd tl;= lruq'
kg g
750 g + 450 g = 1200 g
2 750
1200 g = 1 kg + 200 g
+1 450
200 g .a?ï ;Srefõ ,shuq' 1 kg " lsf,da.a?ï ;Srejg
4 200
f.k huq'
túg lsf,da.a?ï ;Srefõ tl;=j 1 + 2 + 1 = 4
ms<s;=r 4 kg 200 g.
20'4 wNHdih
(1) my; i|yka tla tla ialkaO tl;= lr ms<s;=r lsf,da.a?ïj,ska yd
.a?ïj,ska olajkak'
(i) kg g (ii) kg g (iii) kgg
2 750 3 65 5 623
+ 1 250 + 2 150 + 3 750

(iv) kg g (v) kg g (vi) kg g
3 150 1 75 1 50
2 750 2 250 2 250
+ 1 400 + 1 800 + 1 850

(2) fjf<|i,lska yd,a 2 kg o" iSks 1 kg o" f;a fld< .a?ï 250 o" msá
.a?ï 500 o r;= Ækq .a?ï 250la o ñ, § .;a úg" fuu nvqj, uq¿
ialkaOh fidhkak'
(3) ysia .Eia is,skavrhl ialkaOh 3 kg 750 g fõ' tys 12 kg 500 g .Eia
mqrjd we;' .Eia iys; is,skavrfha ialkaOh fldmuK o@
(4) .xj;=r iykdOdr i|yd tla ksjilg ,nd fok úh<s wdydr øjH
md¾i,hl wvx.= øjH iy m%udK my; oelafõ'
yd,a 5 kg lrj, 500 g msá 500 g
iSks 1 kg mßmamq 2 kg 500 g f;a fld< 250 g
fuu øjHj, uq¿ ialkaOh fidhkak'
(5) jÜglald f.ählska ialkaOh 1 kg 350 g jQ lE,a,la lmd úl=KQ miq
b;sß lene,af,a ialkaOh 2 kg 850 g úh' jÜglald f.äfha uq¿
ialkaOh fidhkak'
(6) tla je,l ;snQ jÜglald f.ä foll ialkaO ms<sfj<ska 2'35 kg yd
3'8 kg fõ' jÜglald f.ä foflys uq¿ ialkaOh fldmuK o@
20'5 ialkaO wvq lsÍu ;jÿrg;a

.DyKshla ;u f.j;af;ka ,nd .;a .ïñßia
2 kg 750 g wõfõ oud Èk lsysmhla úh<d
.ekSfuka miq" kej; lsrd .;a úg tys ialkaOh
1 kg 200 g úh' úh<Sfï § ialkaOh fldmuK
m%udKhlska wvq ù oehs fidhuq'
wvq jQ ialkaOh fidhd .ekSug wuq .ïñßiaj, kg g

ialkaOfhka úh<Sfuka miq ialkaOh wvq lr .; 2 750
hq;= fõ' tys §" tla ;Srhl .a?ï o wfkla ;Srfha – 1 200
lsf,da.a?ï o msysgk mßÈ" ,shd .ksuq' 1 550
tlsfkl wvq l< úg 1 kg 550 g ,efí' fï wkqj .ïñßia úh<Sfï §
ialkaOh 1 kg 550 glska wvq ù we;'
ksoiqk 1
ìialÜ iu`. fmÜáhl ialkaOh 2 kg 250 g fõ' ysia fmÜáfha ialkaOh
750 g kï fmÜáfha ;snQ ìialÜj, ialkaOh fidhkak'
a ï ;Srfha we;s 2 kg ka 1 kg
kg g 250" 750g jvd l=vd fõ' lsf,da.?
2 250 lsf,da.a?ï ;Srhg f.k huq'
– 0 750 túg lsf,da.a?ï ;Srfha 1 kg b;sß fõ'
túg" 1000 g + 250 g = 1250 g
1 500 oeka 1250 g - 750 g = 500 g
fmÜáfha ;snQ ìialÜj, ialkaOh 1 kg 500 g fõ'

20'5 wNHdih
(1) wvq lrkak'
(i) kg g (ii) kg g (iii) kg g

3 200 2 750 4 000
– 1 100 – 500 – 2 500

(iv) kg g (v) kg g (vi) kg g

3 250 4 050 6 025
– 1 500 – 2 200 – 2 250

(2) wuq f;a o¿ 1 kg úh<Sfï § tys we;s c,h bj;a fõ' wjidkfha
b;sß jQ úh<s f;a o¿j, ialkaOh 180 g fõ' tys ;sî bj;a jQ c,fha
ialkaOh fldmuK o@
(3) lsf,da.a?ï 3l fldia f.ähla lmd ,nd .;a uÿ¿j, ialkaOh" 1 kg
650 g fõ' lmd bj;a l< fldgiaj, ialkaOh fldmuK o@
(4) i÷od WoEik jk úg ksu,af.a ksjfia ;snQ iSks m%udKh 1 kg 500 g fõ'
wÕyrejdod WoEik iSks m%udKh uek neÆ úg" tys ;snqfKa iSks
800 g fõ' tu ld,h ;=< Ndú;hg .;a iSks m%udKfha ialkaOh
fldmuK o@
(5) fjf<|i,l ;snQ 12 kg 750 gl mßmamq f;d.hlska oji wjidkfha
b;sß ù ;snqfKa" 8 kg 250 gls' oji ;=< úl=Kk ,o mßmamq m%udKfha
ialkaOh fidhkak'
(6) .Eia is,skavrhl .Eia iu. ialkaOh 13 kg 250 g fõ' .Eia ysia jQ
miq ysia gexlsfha ialkaOh 2 kg 450 gls' tys ;snQ .Eiaj, ialkaOh
fidhkak'
(7) u,a,l iy,a 5'85 kg ;sì‚' bka 2'17 kg msiSug fhdod .;af;a kï"
b;sß jQ iy,a m%udKh lsf,da.a?ï fldmuK o@

ñY% wNHdih
(1) ysia ;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
(i) kg g (ii) kg g
2 250 3 500
+ -
4 75 1 750
(2) ;eme,a ld¾hd,hlg Èkl §" ,enqKq md¾i,a 3l ialkaO ms<sfj<ska

2 kg 500 g , 3 kg, 1 kg 750 g fõ' md¾i,a 3ys uq¿ ialkaOh lsf,da.a?ï
iy .a?ïj,ska m%ldY lrkak'
(3) YsIHhl=f.a fmd;a nE.fha wvx.= øjHj, ialkaOhka my; oelafõ'
fm< fmd;aj, ialkaOh = 4 kg 750 g
wNHdi fmd;aj, ialkaOh = 2 kg 400 g
lEu md¾i,fha ialkaOh = 550 g
j;=r fnda;,fha ialkaOh = 375 g
Tyqf.a fmd;a nE.fha uq¿ ialkaOh 10 kg fkdblaujk nj Tyq
m%ldY lrhs' tu m%ldYh i;H o wi;H o hkak fya;= olajñka
fmkajd fokak'
(4) iy,a nE.hl ialkaOh 5'35 kg ls' ysia nE.fha ialkaOh 0'75 kg kï"
tys wvx.= iy,aj, ialkaOh fldmuK o@
(5) .=jka u.shl=g ;u .uka u,af,a fkdñf,a f.k hEug wjir § we;s
øjH m%udKfha ialkaOh 30 kgls' u.shd <`. fï jk úg ñ, § f.k
we;s NdKavj, ialkaOh 14 kg 750 gls' Tyqg 30 kg iïmQ¾K lsÍu
i|yd ;jÿrg;a ñ, § .; yels øjH m%udKfha ialkaOh fidhkak'
idrdxYh
●● ialkaOh uekSug nyq,j Ndú; jk tall jkafka" .a?ï ^g& yd
lsf,da.a?ï ^ kg& fõ'
1000 g = 1 kg
●● lsf,da.a?ïj,ska § we;s ialkaO m%udKhla .a?ïj,ska m%ldY lsÍug
lsf,da.a?ï f,i § we;s .Kk 1000ka .=K lrkq ,efí'
●● .a?ïj,ska § we;s ialkaO m%udKhla lsf,da.a?ïj,ska m%ldY lsÍug
.a?ï f,i § we;s .Kk 1000ka fnokq ,efí'
21 wkqmd;
●● wkqmd; hk ixl,amh wjfndaO lr .ekSug"
●● wkqmd;hlg ;=,H jQ wkqmd; ,sùug"
●● wkqmd;hla ir, u wdldrfhka ,shd oelaùug iy
●● wkqmd; yd wkqmd;sl w;r fjki y÷kd .ekSug
yelshdj ,efí'
21'1 wkqmd; ye¢kaùu
m,;=re hqI j;=r

m,;=re hqI fnda;,hl i|yka lr ;snQ f,an,hla by; olajd we;'
m,;=re hqI fldgia tlla" ta yd iudk c,h fldgia myla iu. ñY% lr"
mdkhg .; hq;= hehs tys i|yka fõ' tA wkqj" m,;=re hqI fnda;,hl
hqI m%udKh tjeks c,h fnda;,a myl m%udKhla iu`. ñY% lr m,;=re
îu fnda;,a yhl m%udKhla idod .; yels h'
;jo ld¾hd,hl fiajh lrk msßñ fiajlhka .Kk yd .eyekq
fiajlhka .Kk ixLHd;aul j ixikaokh l< yels h'
fï wdldrhg hï hï øjHj, m%udK ixikaokh lsÍug fyda iuQy
lsysmhl tAjdfha .Kka ixikaokh lsÍug fyda isÿjk wjia:d fndfyda
;sfí'
WodyrK lsysmhla my; oelafõ'
isfuka;s nodu ilia lsÍfï § je,s yd isfuka;s ñY% lsÍu'
flala iE§fï § msá yd iSks ñY% lsÍu'

fldkalS%Ü ñY%Khla ilia lsÍfï § isfuka;s" l¿ .,a yd je,s ñY%
lsÍu'
mdi,l isák .eyekq yd msßñ <uhs .Kk i,ld ne,Su'
øjH lsysmhla ñY% lr ilia lr .kq ,nk ñY%Khla i,luq'

uq¿ m%udKh l=ula jqj;a" tu ñY%Kfha .=Kh tl u wdldrfhka mj;ajd
.ekSu fndfyda úg wjYH fõ' tjeks wjia:dj, §" ñY% lrk øjHj,
m%udK w;r iïnkaOh oek .; hq;= h' fï i|yd tu m%udK tlu
tallfhka oelaúh hq;= h'
tA wkqj" by; i,ld neÆ m,;=re hqI ñY%Kh" tA ;;a;ajfhka u my;
wdldr foflka o ielish yels h'
m,;=re j;=r ùÿre 5hs'

hqI ùÿre
1hs' m,;=re hqI ,Sgr 1hs' j;=r ,Sgr 5hs'
fuu wjia:dj, § m%udKh uksk tallh fnda;,h jqj o ùÿrej jqj o

,Sgrh jqj o m,;=re hqI tall 1la j;=r tall 5la iuÕ ñY% l< hq;= h'
tl u tallfhka olajd we;s øjH foll fyda Bg jeä .Kkl m%udK w;r
ixLHd;aul iïnkaO;dj wkqmd;hla f,i y÷kajkq ,efí'
tfiau iuQy folla ixikaokh lsÍfï §" iuQy fofla tla tla .Kk
w;r ixLHd;aul iïnkaO;djh o wkqmd;hla fõ'
tA wkqj" by; m,;=re hqI yd j;=r w;r wkqmd;h 1 wkq 5 hehs lshkq ,efí'
1 wkq 5 hkak" ixfla; weiqfrka 1 : 5 f,i oelafõ' fuys —:˜ wkqmd;
,l=K f,i;a" 1 yd 5 tu wkqmd;fha mo f,i;a ye¢kafõ' 1 : 5 f,i ,shQ
úg m<uq moh 1 o fojk moh 5 o fõ' fuys § m<uq moh ieuúgu m<uqj
i|yka lrk øjHhg o fojk moh fojkqj i|yka lrk øjHhg o wod<
fõ' wkqmd;h" m%udK uksk tAllh u; fjkia fkdjk ksid" fuys tallh
oelaùu wjYH fkdfõ'
;j;a WodyrK lsysmhla i,luq'
tla wfhla Wmhk iEu re' 10lska u re' 7la úhoï lr re' 3la b;sß
lrhs' Tyq úhoï lrk uqo, yd b;sß lrk uqo, w;r wkqmd;h fidhuq'
tAjd tl u tallhlska tkï" remsh,aj,ska olajd we;' tA wkqj" úhoï
lrk uqo, yd b;sß lrk uqo, w;r wkqmd;h 7 : 3 fõ'
tla tla j¾Kj,a ;Ska; ñY% lr ;j;a j¾Khl ;Ska; ilia lr .ekSu
wkqmd; fhfok ;j;a wjia:djls' ;o ks,a meye;s ;Ska; fldgia tllg
iqÿ meye;s ;Ska; fldgia folla ñY% lr" <d ks,a meye;s ;Ska; ilia
lr .kakd wdldrh i,ld n,uq'
ta wkqj" ;o ks,a ;Ska; yd iqÿ ;Ska; m%udK fol w;r wkqmd;h 1 : 2

fõ'
1 : 2 wkqmd;hg ;o ks,a iy iqÿ ;Ska; m%udK ñY% lr .ekSfuka wjYH

<d ks,a meye;s ;Ska; úúO m%udK ilia lr .kakd wdldrh my;
j.=fõ olajd we;'
ñY% l< miq iEfok <d ks,a

;o ks,a ;Ska; m%udKh iqÿ ;Ska; m%udKh
;Ska; m%udKh
1 l 2 l 3 l
2 l 4 l 6 l
3 l 6 l 9 l
5 l 10 l 15 l
fuys § wmg" <d ks,a ;Ska; 3 lg jvd l=vd m%udKhla idod .ekSug kï"
my; oelafjk wdldrhg ñY% lr .; yels h'
;o ks,a ;Ska; <d ks,a ;Ska;

iqÿ ;Ska; m%udKh
m%udKh m%udKh
200 ml 400 ml 600 ml
400 ml 800 ml 1200 ml


ksoiqk 1
RcqfldaKdi%hl È. 12 cm o m<, 7 cm o fõ' fuys È. yd m<, w;r
wkqmd;h ,shkak'
RcqfldaKdi%fha È. = 12 cm
RcqfldaKdi%fha m<, = 7 cm
RcqfldaKdi%fha È. yd m<, w;r wkqmd;h = 12 : 7
ksoiqk 2
mdif,a újdo lKavdhug msßñ <uhs ;sfofkla o" .eyekq <uhs
fofofkla o iyNd.s jQy' tys msßñ <uhs .Kk iy .eyekq <uhska
.Kk w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
msßñ <uhs .Kk = 3
.eyekq <uhs .Kk = 2
msßñ <uhska .Kk yd .eyekq <uhs .Kk w;r wkqmd;h = 3 : 2
ksoiqk 3
l=vd ljrhl ñ, Y; 50ls' f,dl= ljrhl ñ, re 2 ls' l=vd ljrhl

ñ,;a f,dl= ljrhl ñ,;a w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
l=vd ljrfha ñ, = Y; 50
f,dl= ljrfha ñ, = re' 2
tla tla j¾.fha ljrj, ñ, tlu tAllhlska § fkdue;s ksid f,dl=

ljrfha ñ, o Y;j,ska ,shd .; hq;= h'
f,dl= ljrfha ñ, = re' 2 = Y; 200
l=vd ljrhl yd f,dl= ljrhl ñ, w;r wkqmd;h 50 : 200 fõ'

ksoiqk 4
fodvï mdkhla idod .ekSug" fodvï hqI iudk fldgia folla c,h
tu m%udKfha u fldgia ;=kla iu. ñY% lrkq ,efí'
(i) fodvï mdkfha ùÿrejl we;s fodvï hqI yd c,h w;r wkqmd;h
l=ula o?
(ii) fuu fodvï mdkh idod .ekSug" fodvï hqI ,Sgr y;rlg j;=r
,Sgr lShla ñY% l< hq;= o?
(i) fodvï hqI yd c,h w;r wkqmd;h 2 : 3 fõ'
(ii) fodvï hqI ,Sgr 2lg ñY% l< hq;= c,h m%udKh = ,Sgr 3
fodvï hqI ,Sgr 4lg ñY% l< hq;= c,h m%udKh = ,Sgr 3 « 2
= ,Sgr 6
21'1 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk j.ka;sj,ska wkqmd;hla olajk j.ka;s f;dard

,shkak'
(i) lsßf;a iE§ug msá f;aye¢ 3lg iSks f;aye¢ 2la fhÈh hq;= hs'
(ii) ir;ag jvd iqks,a Wi hs'
(iii) RcqfldaKdi%dldr bvfï m<, ógr 80la o È. ógr 117la o fõ'
(iv) flala iE§fï § msá 500 g g iSkS 250 g wjYH fõ'
(v) .Ks;h úIhg u,s÷g jvd rù ,l=Kq .;af;a h'
(2) my; tla tla wkqmd;h lshjk wdldrh o tajdfha mo o ,shkak'
(i) 1 : 2 (ii) 2 : 3 (iii) 10 : 8 (iv) 8 : 7 (v) 9 : 13
(3)
my; oelafjk tla tla wkqmd;h ixfla; weiqfrka olajkak'
(i) tl wkq ;=k (ii) fol wkq y;
(ii) ;=k wkq myf<dj (iv) wg wkq tl
(iii) tl wkq tl
(4) u,a,S <`. fjr¿ f.ä 5la o kx.S <`. fjr¿ f.ä 7la o we;' u,a,S
iy kx.S <`. we;s fjr¿ f.ä .Kk w;r wkqmd;h ,shkak'

(5) wem,a f.ähl ialkaOh 200 g o fodvï f.ähl ialkaOh 200 g o
fõ' wem,a f.ähl yd fodvï f.ähl ialkaOh w;r wkqmd;h
fidhkak'
(6) RcqfldaKdi%dldr bvul È. 75 m o m<, 37 m o úh' tys È. yd
m<, w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
(7) wïud mßmamq 500 g o ;d;a;d mßmamq 2 kg o ñ, § f.k wdfjda h' fofokd
úiska f.k tk ,o mßmamj
q , ialkaO w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
(8) mdif,a isg m%shka;f.a ksfjig ÿr 700 m fõ' mdif,a isg ,ika;f.a
ksjig ÿr 1 km 300 m fõ' mdif,a isg m%shka;f.a yd ,ika;f.a
ksfjiaj,g we;s ÿrj,a w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
(9) rð;d <`. re' 8la o úð;d <`. re' 5 hs Y; 50la o we;' fofokd <`.
we;s uqo,a w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
(10)
1 l 450 ml 2l
A B
A yd B hk Ndckj, we;s c, m%udK w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'

(11) ud;r k.rfha isg .d,a, k.rh fj; hEug fudag¾ ihsl,hlg
meh 1 ñks;a;= 10la o" ldrhlg meh 1la o .; úh' ldrhg yd
fudag¾ ihsl,hg .; jQ tla tla ld,h w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
(12) ksud,s iy wu,a <`. we;s fjr¿ f.ä .Kk w;r wkqmd;h 3:5
fõ' ksud,s <Õ fjr¿ f.ä 9la we;akï" wu,a <Õ we;s fjr¿ f.ä
.Kk fidhkak'
(13) nodu ñY%Khla iE§fï §" isfuka;s ;dÉÑ 2l g je,s ;dÉÑ 12la
ñY% lrk ,È' ñY%Kfha we;s isfuka;s yd je,s w;r wkqmd;h
fidhkak'
(i) fuu ñY%Kh idod .ekSug" je,s ;dÉÑ 1l g isfuka;s ;dÉÑ
lShla ñY% l< hq;= o?
(ii) fuu ñY%Kfhka ;dÉÑ 28la idod .ekSug ñY% l< hq;= isfuka;s
yd je,s ;dÉÑ m%udKh fjk fjk u fidhkak'
21'2 wkqmd;hlg ;=,H jQ wkqmd; fiùu'
fldkalS%Ü ñY%Khla iòyd isfuka;s yd je,s ñY% lr we;s wkqmd;h 1 : 3
fõ' fï wkqj isfuka;s fldgia .Kk fjkia l< úg tl;= l< hq;=
je,s fldgia .Kk" my; j.=fõ oelafõ'

isfuka;s je,s wkqmd;h
1 3 1(3
2 6 2 ( 6 (1 ( 3 wkqmd;fha mo" 2 ka .=K lsÍfuka
,efí'&
,efí')
,efí')
,efí')
j.=fjka fmkakqï lrkafka"
1 : 3 = 2 : 6 = 3 : 9 = 4 : 12 = 5 : 15
by; WodyrKfha je,s yd isfuka;s w;r wkqmd;h 1 : 3, 2 : 6, 3 : 9
hk wdÈ ´kE u wkqmd;hlska oelaúh yels h' fïjd tlsfklg ;=,H
wkqmd; fõ'
fuf,i" § we;s wkqmd;hl mo" ìkaÿjg jeä tl u ixLHdjlska .=K
lsÍfuka tu wkqmd;hg ;=,H wkqmd;hla ,nd .; yels h'
ksoiqk 1
2 : 5 wkqmd;hg ;=,H jQ wkqmd; 2la ,shkak'
2 :
5 wkqmd;fha mo 2ka .=K lsÍfuka"
2 :
5 = 2 × 2 : 5 × 2 = 4 : 10
2 :
5 wkqmd;fha mo 3ka .=K lsÍfuka"
2 :
5 = 2 × 3 : 5 × 3 = 6 : 15
∴ 2 : 5 = 4 : 10 = 6 : 15
2 : 5 wkqmd;hg" 4 : 10 yd 6 : 15 ;=,H wkqmd; 2la fõ'

10' r' uq' kS' i' 190377
●● ;=,H wkqmd; fidhk ;j;a l%uhla
foys hqI 2 l g c,h 4 l ñY% lr foys îu ñY%Khla idod we;s wjia:djla
i,luq'
tu ñY%Kfha foys hqI yd c,h m%udK w;r wkqmd;h 2 : 4 fõ'
fuu ;;a;ajfhka u hqla; jQ foys îu ñY%Khla" foys hqI 1 l g c,h
2 l ñY% lsÍfuka idod .; yels h'
tkï" 2 : 4 yd 1 : 2 hk wkqmd; ;=,H wkqmd; fõ'
fuys § 2 : 4 wkqmd;fha mo" 2ka fn§fuka 1 : 2 wkqmd;h ,efí'
tkï" 2 : 4 = 2 ÷ 2 : 4 ÷ 2 = 1 : 2
fuf,i" wkqmd;hl mo ìkaÿjg jeä tl u ixLHdjlska fn§fuka tu
wkqmd;hg ;=,H wkqmd;hla ,nd .; yels h'

21'3 wkqmd;hla ir, u wdldrfhka ,sùu
tlsfklg ;=,H jQ my; wkqmd; lsysmh i,ld n,uq'
8 : 12 = 4 : 6 = 2 : 3 = 6 : 9 = 10 : 15
hï wkqmd;hlg ;=,H wkqmd; w;=ßka l=vd u mQ¾K ixLHd mo jYfhka
we;s wkqmd;h" tu wkqmd;fha ir, u wdldrh f,i ye¢kafõ'
tA wkqj" by; 8 : 12 wkqmd;fha ir, u wdldrh 2 : 3 fõ' tfiau 4 : 6,
6 : 9 yd 10 : 15 hk wkqmd;j, o ir, u wdldrh 2 : 3 fõ'
§ we;s wkqmd;hla ir, u wdldrfhka ,shd fkdue;s kï" fn§fï l%uh
yels;dla jdrhla Ndú; lsÍfuka tu wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka ,súh
yels h'
ksoiqk 1
9 : 15 wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka ,shkak'
9 : 15 = 9 ÷ 3 : 15 ÷ 3
= 3 : 5
ksoiqk 2
18 : 24 wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka ,shkak'
18: 24 = 18 ÷ 2 : 24 ÷ 2
= 9 : 12
= 9 ÷ 3 : 12 ÷ 3 = 3 : 4

ksoiqk 3
l`M,E,a,l m<, yd È. ms<sfj<ska 50 cm yd 1 m 25 cm fõ'
l`M,E,af,a m<, yd È. w;r wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka ,shd
olajkak'
1 m 25 cm = 125 cm
50 : 125 = 50 ÷ 5 : 125 ÷ 5
= 10 : 25
= 10 ÷ 5 : 25 ÷ 5
=2:5

21'2 wNHdih
(1) my; oelafjk tla tla wkqmd;hg ;=,H wkqmd;hla ne.ska ,shkak'
(i) 2 : 7 (ii) 10 : 30 (ii) 50 : 45

(2) my; i|yka tla tla wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka ,shkak'
(i) 40 : 70 (ii) 30 : 35 (iii) 56 : 21
(iv) 63 : 45 (v) 60 : 150 (vi) 10 : 500
(3) RcqfldaKdi%hl È. 15 cm yd m<, 10 cm fõ' RcqfldaKdi%fha È.

yd m<, w;r wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka ,shkak'
(4) m%d:ñl mdi,l YsIHfhda 96la o" YsIHdfjda 112la o isá;s' YsIHhka
yd YsIHdjkA .Kk w;r wkqmd;h fidhd" th ir, u wdldrfhka
olajkak'
(5) fldä je,l r;=mdg fldä 12la o" ks,amdg fldä 8la o ;sfí'
r;=mdg yd ks,amdg fldä .Kk w;r wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka
olajkak'
(6) 6 : 15 wkqmd;h iy 14 : 35 wkqmd;h hk tla tla wkqmd;h ir, u
wdldrfhka ,shkak' tu.ska tu wkqmd; fol ;=,H nj fmkajkak'

21'4 wkqmd;sl

fuu rEmfhka oelafjkafka lsß f;a tlla
idod .ekSug f;a fldamamhlg lsßmsá fïiye¢
folla fhÈh hq;= nj hs' fuys § fhÈh hq;=
f;a yd lsßmsá m%udK" tlu tallhlska m%ldY
lsÍug fkdyels ksid f;a yd lsß ñY% l< hq;=
m%udK w;r we;s iïnkaOh wkqmd;hla f,i
oelaúh fkdyels h'
;j o"
●●flala iE§ug msá 1 kg lg ì;a;r 10la fhdod .efka'
●●jdykhla bkaOk 1 l lska 12 km ÿrla Odjkh l< yels h'
●●fmar f.ä 10l ñ, remsh,a 100la fõ'
by; tla tla m%ldYkfha olajd we;s m%udK fol" tl u tallhla u.ska
oelaúh fkdyels h' fujeks m%udK folla w;r iïnkaOh wkqmd;slhla
f,i ye¢kafõ'
wkqmd;sl fhfok wjia:d lsysmhla úuiuq'
1' mekai,l ñ, remsh,a 10la fõ'
2' 1 km ÿr m%udKhla hdug jdykhlg wh lrk .dia;=j re' 40la
fõ'
3' W;aijhlg meñKs isiqkag tys úfõlfha § isiqjl=g ìialÜ 3
ne.ska ,eìKs'
4' .sksfmÜá meleÜgqjl ñ, re' 50ls'
úúO rgj, Ndú; lrk uqo,a j¾.j, jákdlï w;r iïnkaOh o

wkqmd;slhls' 2014'03'11 Èk wefußld tlai;a ckmo fvd,rhl
jákdlu YS% ,xld re' 130'54 úh' úúO rgj, uqo,a tall w;r iïnkaOh
zúksuh wkqmd;slZ f,i ye¢kafõ' úksuh wkqmd;slh Èfkka Èk
fjkia jk fyhska" idudkHfhka úksuh wkqmd;sl i|yka lrk úg
th j,x.= Èkh o olajhs'

tla;rd Èfkl" úfoaY uqo,a tallhl jákdlu" YS% ,xld remsh,aj,ska
wdikak u mQ¾K ixLHdjg m%ldY lr we;s úksuh wkqmd;sl j.=jla
my; oelafõ'
uqo,a j¾.h YS% ,xld remsh,aj,ska

wefußlka tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ 1 131
iag¾,sx mjqï 1 217
hQfrda 1 181
cmka fhka 100 125
nyf¾ka äkd¾ 1 346
ksoiqk 1
wNHdi fmd;l ñ, remsh,a 20 fõ' tjeks wNHdi fmd;a 4l ñ,
fldmuK o@
wNHdi fmd;l ñ, = re' 20
tjeks wNHdi fmd;a 4l ñ, = re' 20 × 4
= re' 80
ksoiqk 2
mekai,a 5l ñ, re 100la kï mekai,a 2l ñ, fldmuK o?
mekai,a 5l ñ, = re' 100
mekai,a 1l ñ, = re' 100 ÷ 5 = re' 20
mekai,a 2l ñ, = re' 20 × 2 = re' 40
ksoiqk 3
úfoaY rgl fiajh lrk whl= YS% ,xldfõ isák ;u ñ;=rl=f.a Wmka
Èkh fjkqfjka tjk ,o ;E.a.l jákdlu wefußlka tlai;a ckmo
fvd,¾ 25la úh' tu ;E.af.ys jákdlu YS% ,xld remsh,a u.ska m%ldY
lrkak'
tÈk wefußlka tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ 1 l jákdlu YS% ,xld remsh,a
131 la fõ'
fvd,¾ 1 jákdlu = re' 131
we't'c' fvd,¾ 25 l jákdlu = re' 131 × 25
= re' 3275

21'3 wNHdih
(1) mEkl ñ, remsh,a 12la fõ kï" tjeks mEka 5l ñ, lSh o@
(2) meh 2l § 75 km ÿrla .uka lrk jdykhla" meh 4l § fldmuK
ÿrla .uka lrhs o@
(3) bkaOk 1 l lska 20 km l ÿrla .uka lrk fudag¾ r:hlg" 120 km
ÿrla hdug bkaOk ,Sgr lShla wjYH fõ o@
(4) iSks 1 kg m%udKhla f;a fldamam 40la iE§u i|yd iEfya kï" f;a
fldamam 240la iE§ug wjYH iSks m%udKh lSh o@
(5) iag¾,sx mjqï 1l jákdlu YS% ,xld remsh,a 217la jQ Èfkl iag¾,sx
mjqï 8l jákdlu YS% ,xld remsh,aj,ska lSh o@
(6) cmdkfhka f.kajk ,o rEmjdyskshl jákdlu fhka 10 000la kï
tys jákdlu YS% ,xld remsh,aj,ska lSh o@ ^119 msgqfõ oelafjk
úksuh wkqmd;sl j.=j wkqj&
(7) wefußld tlai;a ckmo fvd,¾ 1l jákdlu YS% ,xld remsh,a
130la jQ Èfkl" YS% ,xld remsh,a 26 000l jákdlu weußld tlai;a
ckmo fvd,¾j,ska lSh o@
idrdxYh
●● wkqmd;hl mo ìkaÿjg jeä tl u" ixLHdjlska .=K lsÍfuka tu
wkqmd;hg ;=,H jQ wkqmd;hlaa ,nd.; yels h'
●● wkqmd;hl mo ìkaÿjg jeä tl u ixLHdjlska fn§fuka tu
wkqmd;hg ;=,H jQ wkqmd;hla ,nd .; yels h'
●● hï wkqmd;hlg ;=,H wkqmd; w;=ßka l=vdu mQ¾K ixLHd mo
jYfhka we;s wkqmd;hg tu wkqmd;fha ir, u wdldrh f,i
ye¢kafõ'

22 o;a; /ia lsÍu yd ksrEmKh
●● m%.Kk ,l=Kq Ndú; lrñka o;a; igyka lsÍug iy
●● j.= iy Ñ;% m%ia;dr u.ska o;a; ksrEmKh lsÍug
yelshdj ,efí'
22'1 m%.Kk ,l=Kq Ndú; lrñkaa o;a; igyka lsÍu

tla;rd ld¾hd,hl r: .d,la ie,iqï lsÍug" idudkH Èkl ld¾hd,hg
meñfKk jdyk ldKav yd ixLHdj fiùug m%§mg iy È,Smg Ndr
fok ,È'
jdykhla meñfKk jdrhla mdid" tu jdykfha meñŒu igyka lsÍug
tu jdykhg wod< jdyk ldKavh bÈßfha bß lene,a,la ^ / & u.ska
my; oelafjk wdldrhg i,l=Kq lrkq ,efí' '' / '' hk i,l=K m%.Kk
,l=K f,i ye¢kafõ'
fuf,i m%§m úiska ilia lrk ,o m;s%ldj my; olajd we;'
jdyk ldKavh meñŒu" m%.Kk ,l=Kq u.ska
ld¾
jEka
h;=remeÈ
mdmeÈ
fuu m;s%ldfõ tla tla ldKavh bÈßfha we;s bß len,s .Kka lsÍfuka
my; oelafjk j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
jdyk ldKavh meñKs jdyk ixLHdj
ld¾
jEka
h;=remeÈ
mdmeÈ

È,Sm úiska ilia lrk ,o m;s%ldj my; oelafõ'
jdyk meñŒu" m%.Kk ,l=Kq u.ska

ldKavh
ld¾
jEka
h;=remeÈ
mdmeÈ

È,Sm" tla tla ldKavfha iEu miafjks jdykhl u meñŒu oelaùug"
bka fmr ,l=Kq lr ;snQ m%.Kk ,l=Kq 4 lemS hk fia wdldrhg
B,Õ m%.Kk ,l=K ,l=Kq lr we;' tA wkqj u.ska 5la ksrEmKh
flf¾'
mfya f.dvj,a yd b;sß bß len,s .Kka lsÍfuka" meñKs tla tla
ldKavfha jdyk .Kk fidhd" my; i|yka j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
jdyk meñKs jdyk

ldKavh ixLHdj
ld¾
jEka
h;=remeÈ
mdmeÈ
j.=j iïmQ¾K lsÍu Tng jvd;a myiq jQfha" Tjqka fofokdf.ka

ljrl=f.a m;s%ldj wkqj o@
m%§mf.a m;s%ldfõ m%.Kk ,l=Kq tlska tl .Kka lsÍug jvd" È,Smf.a

m;s%ldfõ mfyka myg fjka lr we;s m%.Kk ,l=Kq .Kka lsÍu myiq
iy blauka fõ'

fï wkqj" È,Sm bÈßm;a l< m;%sldj wkqj" tla tla ldKavfha jdyk
ixLHdj we;=<;a l< j.=j my; oelafõ'
meñŒu" m%.Kk meñKs jdyk
jdyk ldKavh
,l=Kq u.ska ixLHdj
ld¾ 15
jEka 4
h;=remeÈ 42
mdmeÈ 28

mdi,l Èkm;d meñŒu" frday,l jd¾;d jk ore Wm;a ixLHdj jeks
f;dr;=re o;a; weiqfrka bÈßm;a l< yels h' fï wdldrhg f;dr;=re bÈßm;a
lsÍu i|yd Ndú; lrk ixLHd;aul ksrEmK o;a; f,i yeÈkafõ'
22'1 wNHdih
(1) tla;rd frday,l uq,a udi 5 ;=< jd¾;d jQ ore Wm;a ixLHdj igyka
l< m%.Kk j.=jla my; olajd we;' tla tla udifha ore Wm;aa
ixLHdj i|yka lrñka" j.=j iïmQ¾K lrkak'
udih ore Wm;a" m%.Kk ,l=Kq u.ska ore Wm;a ixLHdj

ckjdß
fmnrjdß
ud¾;=
wfm%a,a
uehs
(2) isiqka 36la isák 6 fY%a‚fha mka;shl" tla tla <uhdf.a ksjfia
isák idudðlhka ixLHdj my; oelafõ'
3 4 5 5 6 3 4 5 5 6 2 3
5 4 3 5 5 6 5 4 3 6 3 2
4 5 6 4 5 6 6 5 5 6 2 2

my; i|yka j.=j msgm;a lrf.k by; oela jQ o;a; tys ksrEmKh
lrkak'
ksjil isák wod< ksjdi

ksjdi ixLHdj
idudðlhka ixLHdj m%.Kk ,l=Kq u.ska
2
3
4
5
6
(3) mka;shl isák isiqka ;siamia fokl=" we.hSul § ,nd .;a ,l=Kq
my; j.=fõ olajd we; ^tu we.hSu i|yd isiqjl=g ,nd .; yels
jeä u ,l=Kq ixLHdj 10 fõ&'

,nd.;a ,l=Kq tu ,l=Kq ,nd.;a isiqka ixLHdj" m%.Kk ,l=Kq u.ska
10
9
8
7
7g wvq
(i) ,l=Kq 10 ne.ska ,nd.;a isiqka .Kk lSh o@

(ii) jeäfhka isákafka ,l=Kq 8 lg jvd ,nd.;a isiqka o@ ms<s;=rg
fya;=j meyeÈ,s lrkak'
(4) úoHdj m%Yak m;%hlg isiqka y;,sia fokl= ,nd.;a ,l=Kq m%udK my;
oelafõ ^fuu we.hSu i|yd isiqjl=g ,nd .; yels jeä u ,l=Kq ixLHdj
15 fõ&'
3 2 4 1 2 9 4 13 8 5
10 11 12 13 13 8 15 14 9 9
15 13 3 5 6 9 7 11 8 13
11 13 15 15 9 15 14 14 8 9

tu o;a; m%.Kk ,l=Kq weiqfrka my; j.=fõ olajkak'
m<uq ;Srfha we;s ,l=Kq ,nd .;a
,l=Kq isiqka ixLHdj
isiqka" m%.Kk ,l=Kq u.ska
1" 2" 3
4" 5" 6
7" 8" 9
10" 11" 12
13" 14" 15
,l=Kq 10g jvd wvqfjka ,nd.;a <uqka lS fokl= isà o@
22'2 Ñ;% m%ia;dr u.ska o;a; ksrEmKh

tla;rd mdi,l 6 fY%a‚fha bf.kqu ,nk isiqka ;siamia fokl= mdi,g
meñfKk wdldrh ms<sn| j my; j.=fõ olajd we;'
mdi,g meñfKk
isiqka ixLHdj
wdldrh
mhska 11
h;=re meÈfhka 8
nia r:fhka 12
fjk;a l%u u.ska 4
fuu o;a; fjk;a wdldrhlska my; olajd we;'
mhska
h;=re meÈfhka
nia r:fhka
fjk;a l%u u.ska
i,l=Kq tllska tla isiqjl= ksrEmKh fõ'

fujeks o;a; ksrEmKhla Ñ;% m%ia;drhla f,i ye¢kafõ' Ñ;% m%ia;drfha
Ndú; lrk i,l=Kq tllska ksrEmKh jkafka lShla o hkak i|yka
l< hq;= hs'
ksoiqk 1
whsial%Sï fjf<kaol= i;sfha Èk 5la ;=<" tla tla Èkfha wf,ú l<
whsiam,ï ixLHdj my; j.=fõ oelafõ' fuu o;a; Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska
olajkak'
Èkh whsiam,ï ixLHdj
i÷od 72
wÕyrejdod 120
nodod 144
n%yiam;skaod 60
isl=rdod 132
fuu o;a; Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska ksrEmKh lrkafka flfia oehs oeka

wms n,uq' tA i|yd iqÿiq i,l=Kla f;dard .ekSu;a" tla i,l=Klska
whsiam,ï lShla ksrEmKh lrkafka oehs ;SrKh lsÍu;a m<uq j l<
hq;= fõ'
tA i|yd i,l=K f,i wms f;dard .ksuq' B<Õg" tu i,l=Kq tllska
ksrEmKh jk whsiam,ï ixLHdj ;SrKh lruq'
whsia m,ï 1la" i,l=Kq tllska ksrEmKh l< fyd;a" whsiam,ï
144la oelaùug fuu i,l=Kq 144la weÈh hq;= fõ' fuh wmyiq ksid"
tla i,l=Klska whsiam,ï lsysmhla ksrEmKh lsÍu iqÿiq fõ'
fuys we;s ixLHd ish,a, b;sß ke;sj fnÈh yels ixLHd úuid n,uq'
tAjd 2ka" 3ka" 4ka" 6ka" 12ka fnfoa' tla i,l=Klska whsiam,ï 2laa
ksrEmKh l< úg" 144 ksrEmKh lsÍug i,l=Kq 72la we¢h hq;= fõ'
th o wmyiq ld¾hhls' tu ksid wvq i,l=Kq ixLHdjlska úYd, w.hla
ksrEmKh lsÍug hk i,l=Kq tllska whsiam,ï 12la ksrEmKh
lsÍu jvd;a iqÿiq fõ'

tla tla Èkfha § úl=KQ whsiam,ï ixLHdj ksrEmKh lsÍug wjYH
i,l=Kq .Kk fiùug" tu tla tla Èkfha wf,ú l< whsiam,ï
.Kk 12ka fnÈh hq;= h'
tA wkqj"
i÷od wf,úh ksrEmKh lrk i,l=Kq .Kk = 72 ÷ 12 = 6
wÕyrejdod wf,úh ksrEmKh lrk i,l=Kq .Kk = 120 ÷ 12 = 10
nodod wf,úh ksrEmKh lrk i,l=Kq .Kk = 144 ÷ 12 = 12
n%yiam;skaod wf,úh ksrEmKh lrk i,l=Kq .Kk = 60 ÷ 12 = 5
isl=rdod wf,úh ksrEmKh lrk i,l=Kq .Kk = 132 ÷ 12 = 11
oeka wms Ñ;% m%ia;drh u.ska o;a; ksrEmKh lruq'
i÷od
wÕyrejdod
nodod
n%yiam;skaod
isl=rdod
i,l=Kq tllska whsiam,ï 12la ksrEmKh fõ'

ksoiqk 2
mdi,l ksjdidka;r l%Svd ;r.hl §" l%Svd biõ lsysmhla i|yd mqyqKq
jk <uqkaf.a ixLHdj my; j.=fõ oelafõ'
;r.h <uqka ixLHdj
Odjk ;r. 144
msáfha ;r. 90
oe,amkaÿ 60
fjd,sfnda,a 42
l%slÜ 48

fuu o;a; Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska olajkak'
fuu o;a; ksrEmKhg iqÿiq i,l=Kla ;SrKh lr .ekSug;a" tla
i,l=Klska lSsfokl= ksrEmKh lrkafka oehs ;SrKh lsÍug;a uQ,sl
j wmg isÿ fõ' m<uq j tla i,l=Klska isiqka lSsfokl= ksrEmKh l<
yels oehs úuid n,d" tA wkqj Ñ;%h f;dard .ksuq'
fuys oelafjk ixLHdj,ska 144" 60 iy 48 hk ixLHd 4" 6 iy 12 hk
ixLHdj,ska fnfoa' bka úYd,u w.h jQ" 12 f;dard .ekSu iqÿiq oehs
úuid n,uq'
●● Odjk ;r. i|yd i,l=Kq .Kk = 144 ÷ 12 = 12
●● msáfha ;r. i|yd i,l=Kq .Kk = 90 ÷ 12 = 7 hs b;sß 6hs'
fuys b;sßh 12ka nd.hls'
●● oe,amkaÿ i|yd i,l=Kq .Kk 60 ÷ 12 = 5
●● fjd,sfnda,a i|yd i,l=Kq .Kk = 42 ÷ 12 = 3 hs b;sß 6hs'
fuys o b;sßh 12 ka nd.hls'
●● l%slÜ i|yd i,l=Kq .Kk = 48 ÷ 12 = 4
fï wkqj" nd.hla o meyeÈ,sj oelaúh yels jkfia iqÿiq i,l=Kla
f;dard .ksuq'
ta i|yd i,l=K" <uhs 12la ksrEmKh lsÍu i|yd f;dard .ksuq'
túg 6la tkï 12 ka nd.hla ksrEmKh i|yd bka wvla jk rEmh
fhdod .; yels h'
oeka wms Ñ;% m%ia;drh u.ska o;a; ksrEmKh lruq'
Odjk ;r.

msáfha ;r.
oe,a mkaÿ

fjd,sfnda,a

l%slÜ
i,l=Kq tllska <uqka 12fokl= ksrEmKh lr we;'

ksoiqk 3
tla;rd fmr mdi,l miq.sh jir my ;=< tla tla jif¾ isá YsIH
ixLHdj my; j.=fõ oelafõ'
fuu o;a; Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska olajkak'
j¾Ih YsIH ixLHdj

2009 20
2010 18
2011 21
2012 26
2013 27
tla Ñ;%hlska isiqka lSfokl= ksrEmKh lrkafka oehs m<uq j fidhuq'
tA i|yd wms ixfla;hla f;dard .ksuq' th my; oelafõ'

iïmQ¾K jD;a;fhka '' '' isiqka 4 fokl= ksrEmKh lruq'
tA wkqj" isiqka fofokl= ksrEmKh lsÍug jD;a;fhka nd.hla fhdod

.; yels h'
isiqka ;sfokl= ksrEmKh lsÍug jD;a;fhka ;=ka ld,la fhdod .;
yels h'
tla isiqjl= ksrEmKh lsÍug jD;a;fhka ld,la fhdod .; yels h'
u.ska isiqka fofokl= ksrEmKh lr we;'
u.ska tla isiqjl= ksrEmKh lr we;'

u.ska isiqka ;=kafokl= ksrEmKh lr we;'
oeka tla tla j¾Ifha YsIH ixLHdj ksrEmKh lsÍug wjYH rEm .Kk
fidhuq'

j¾Ih i,l=Kq f;dard .ekSu
2009 20 ÷ 4 = 5 neúka" jD;a; 5hs'
18 ÷ 4 = 4 hs b;sß 2hs' tneúka" jD;a; 4la iy jD;a;fhka
2010
nd.hla'
2011
ld,la'
2012
nd.hla'
2013
;=ka ld,la'
oeka wms" tu i,l=Kq fhdod .ksñka § we;s o;a; Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska

olajuq'
j¾Ih YsIH ixLHdj

2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
i,l=Kq tllska ksrEmKh jk YsIH ixLHdj 4ls'

22'2 wNHdih
(1) i;sfha Èk 5la ;=<" ;eme,a ld¾hd,hlg ,shdmÈxÑ ;emEf,ka heùug

tla tla Èkfha ,enqKq ,sms ixLHdj my; j.=fõ oelafõ'
Èkh ,sms ixLHdj

i÷od 20
wÕyrejdod 26
nodod 32
n%yiam;skaod 30
isl=rdod 42
,sms 8la iqÿiq i,l=Kq tllska ksrEmKh lrñka by; o;a; Ñ;%
m%ia;drhla u.ska ksrEmKh lrkak'
(2) tla;rd meh lsysmhla ;=< .kqfokq lsÍug nexl=jlg meñ‚
.kqfokqlrejkaf.a ixLHdj ms<sn| j my; j.=fõ oelafõ'
meñ‚ .kqfokqlrejka ixLHdj

fõ,dj uqo,a ,nd uqo,a ;ekam;a
.ekSug lsÍug
fm'j' 9'00 isg fm'j 10'00 olajd 18 12
fm'j' 10'00 isg fm'j 11'00 olajd 30 6
fm'j' 11'00 isg uOHdyaak 12'00 24 15
olajd
uOHdyak 12'00 isg m'j' 1'00 48 42
olajd
m'j 1'00 isg m'j' 2'00 olajd 36 54
(i) .kqfokqlrejka 6la i,l=Kq tllska ksrEmKh flf¾ hehs

is;kak' tu i,l=K fhdod .ksñka uqo,a ,nd .ekSug meñ‚
ixLHdj Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska ksrEmKh lrkak'

11' r' uq' kS' i' 190377
(ii) uqo,a ;ekam;a lsÍug meñKs .kqqfokqlrejkaf.a ixLHd
ksrEmKhg iïmQ¾K i,l=K muKla m%udKj;a fõ o@ Tfí
ms<s;=rg fya;= olajkak'
(iii) by; i,l=K o" wjYH kï tu i,l=fKka yß wvla o fhdod
.ksñka uqo,a ;ekam;a lsÍug meñKs ixLHdj ksrEmKh lsÍug
Ñ;% m%ia;drhla w¢kak'
(3) tla;rd l¾udka;Yd,djl fiajlhkaf.a tla Èkl meñKSu jd¾;d
jqKq wdldrh ms<sn| j my; j.=fõ oelafõ'
fõ,dj meñ‚ ixLHdj

fm'j' 7'50 isg fm'j' 8'00 olajd 24

^w& fuu o;a; Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska oelaùug iqÿiq i,l=Kla f;dard
.kak'
^wd& Tn f;dard.;a"
(i) iïmQ¾K i,l=fKka
(ii) i,l=fKa wvlska
(iii) i,l=fKa ;=kald,la
(iv) i,l=fKa ld,lska
ksrEmKh lrkq ,nk fiajl ixLHdj ,shd olajkak'
^we& tu i,l=K fhdod .ksñka" by; o;a; Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska
ksrEmKh lrkak'
idrdxYh
●● m%.Kk ,l=Kq igyka lsÍu o;a; /ia lsÍug fhdod .; yels tla
l%uhls'
●● /ia lrk ,o o;a; j.= u.ska fyda Ñ;% m%ia;dr u.ska fyda ksrEmKh
l< yels h'

23 o;a; w¾:l:kh
² j.= u.ska ksrEms; o;a; w¾:l:kh lsÍug iy
² Ñ;% m%ia;dr u.ska ksrEms; o;a; w¾:l:kh lsÍug
yelshdj ,efí'
23'1 j.= u.ska ksrEms; o;a; w¾:l:kh lsÍu

Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska fyda j.=jlska fyda o;a; ksrEmKh lrk wdldrh wms
o;a; /ia lsÍu yd ksrEmKh mdvfï § bf.k .;af;uq'
Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska fyda j.=jlska fyda ksrEmKh lr we;s o;a; weiqfrka

úúO f;dr;=re ,nd .ekSu o;a; w¾:l:kh kï fõ'
m<uqj wms j.= u.ska ksrEms; o;a; i,ld n,uq'

tla;rd m,;=re îu iud.ul 2014 j¾Ifha m<uq udi my ;=< 175 ml
m%udKfha m,;=re îu fnda;,a wf,úh ms<sn| o;a; my; j.=fjys
ksrEms; h'
udih fnda;,a .Kk
ckjdß 30 000
fmnrjdß 32 100
ud¾;= 31 500
wfma%,a 34 800
uehs 33 000

tu îu wf,úh ms<sn| ks.ukhka lsysmhlg t<öu i|yd j.=j wkqj
my; § we;s m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re imhuq'
(i) fmnrjdß udifha wf,úh ckjdß udifha wf,úhg jvd fnda;,a
lShla jeä o@

fmnrjdß udifha § wf,ú jQ fnda;,a .Kk = 32 100
ckjdß udifha § wf,ú jQ fnda;,a .Kk = 30 000
fmnrjdß udifha § ckjdß udihg jvd
wf,ú jQ fnda;,a .Kk = 32 100 - 30 000
= 2100
(ii) ud¾;= iy wfm%a,a udi fol ;=< wf,ú jQ uq¿ fnda;,a .Kk
fldmuK o@
ud¾;= udifha wf,ú jQ fnda;,a .Kk = 31 500
wfm%a,a udifha wf,ú jQ fnda;,a .Kk = 34 800
uq¿ fnda;,a .Kk = 31 500 + 34 800
= 66 300
(iii) fuu udi my w;=ßka jeä u jYfhka iy wvq u jYfhka îu

wf,úhla ;snqfKa ljr udij, o@ tu m%udK fldmuK o@
jeäu fnda;,a m%udKhla wf,ú ù we;af;a wfm%a,a udih ;=< h'
wf,ú jQ fnda;,a .Kk 34 800ls'
wvqu fnda;,a m%udKhla wf,ú ù we;af;a ckjdß udifha h' tu
m%udKh 30 000ls'
(iv) ckjdß iy uehs udij, § wf,ú jQ îu fnda;,a m%udK w;r

wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka ,shd olajkak'
ckjdß wf,ú jQ fnda;,a .Kk = 30 000

uehs wf,ú jQ fnda;,a .Kk = 33 000
ckjdß yd uehs udij, wf,ú
jQ fnda;,a w;r wkqmd;h = 30 000 ( 33 000
= 30 000 ÷ 1000 ( 33 000 ÷ 1000
= 30 : 33
= 30 ÷ 3 ( 33 ÷ 3
= 10 ( 11

23'1 wNHdih
(1) miq.sh jir my ;=< lsishï m<d;l ,shdmÈxÑ l< ;s%frdao r: .Kk
my; j.=fjka oelafõ'
j¾Ih ;s%frdao r: .Kk
2009 930
2010 1215
2011 1630
2012 1982
2013 2240

j.=j wkqj my; § we;s m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re imhkak'
(i) wvqfjka u ;s%frdao r: ,shdmÈxÑ l< j¾Ih l=ula o@
(ii) jeäfhka u ;s%frdao r: ,shdmÈxÑ l< j¾Ih l=ula o@
(iii) 2009 j¾Ihg jvd 2013 j¾Ifha § ;S%frdao r: lShla ,shdmÈxÑ
lr ;sfí o@
(iv) fuu m,df;a ;s%frdao r: ,shdmÈxÑh .ek úfYaI hula by;
o;a; wkqj m%ldY l< yels kï tu lreKq ,shd olajkak'
(2) tla;rd f;d. fjf<kaol= úiska wjqreoafoa m<uq udi 6 ;=< úl=Kk
,o f,dl= Ækq m%udKh lsf,da.a?ïj,ska my; j.=fjys oelafõ'
udih m%udKh ^kg&

ckjdß 21 700
fmnrjdß 22 450
ud¾;= 21 850
wfm%a,a 27 200
uehs 25 950
cqks 23 000
j.=j wkqj wid we;s m%Yakj,g ms<s;=re imhkak'

(i) jeäu Ækq m%udKhla wf,ú jQfha ljr udifha o@ tu m%udKh
fldmuK o@
(ii) fuu fjf<| wdh;kfha f,dl= Ækq fjf<|du iEu uilu
22 000 kg g jvd jeä nj f;d. fjf<kaod m%ldY lrhs' fuu
m% l dYh ms < s n | j Tnf.a woyi ,sh d olaj kak '
(iii) ud¾;= ui fjf<|dug jvd wfma%,a ui fj<|du lsf,da.a?ï
fldmuKlska jeä ù o@
(iv) wfma%,a yd uehs udi fol ;=< Ækq fjf<|du 53 000 kgg jvd
jeä nj tu wdh;kfha fiajlfhla mjihs' tu m%ldYh i;H
jk nj fmkajkak'
(v) wfma%,a yd uehs foui ;=< fjf<|dfï j¾Okhla we;' Tn is;k
mßÈ óg n,mE yels tla idOlhla ,shd olajkak'
(3) 2014 j¾Ifha tla;rd m%isoaO mqj;am;l m< jQ m%jD;a;shla my; fldgq
lr olajd we;'
YS% ,xldfõ Èia;%slal lsysmhl Èhr lsß ksIamdokh miq.sh

jir lsysmh ;=< l%ufhka jeä ù we;'
(i) fuu m%jD;a;sh i;Hhla oehs my; j.=fõ tu Èia;%slalj,g

wod<j § we;s o;a; wkqj ks.ukh lrkak'
j¾Ih lsß ksIamdokh

,Sgrj,ska
2010 163 100
2011 190 600
2012 201 400
2013 290 700
(ii) fuu jir y;r ;=< uq¿ Èhr lsß ksIamdokh ,Sgr fldmuK o@
(iii) 2013 jif¾ lsß ksIamdokh 2010 jif¾ lsß ksIamdokh fuka
fo.=Khla blaujd f.dia ;sfí o@

23'2 Ñ;% m%ia;dr u.ska ksrEms; o;a; w¾:l:kh lsÍu
wêfõ.S ud¾.hl msúiqulska mehla ;=< § we;=¿ jQ ish¨ jdyk ms<snò

o;a; my; Ñ;% m%ia;drfhka ksrEmKh lr we;'
ld¾
nia
jEka
Ôma
f,dß
i,l=Kq tllska jdyk 10la ksrEmKh lr we;'
fuu Ñ;% m%ia;drh weiqfrka wmg úúO w¾:l:khkaa bÈßm;a l<

yels h' bka lssysmhla my; oelafõ'
♦♦ tu meh ;=< jeämqr u we;=¿ ù we;af;a ld¾ h'

♦♦ tu meh ;=< wvqfjka u we;=¿ ù we;af;a Ôma h'
♦♦ tu meh ;=< we;=¿ ù we;s f,dß m%udKh 20ls'
♦♦ tu meh ;=< ud¾.hg we;=¿ jQ uq¿ jdyk ixLHdj 105ls'
♦♦ tu meh ;=< we;=¿ ù we;s f,dß fkdjk jdyk m%udKh 85ls'
♦♦ tu meh ;=< Ôma fuka mia .=Khla jEka we;=¿ ù we;'

23'2 wNHdih
(1) ckjdß udifha bßod 4l § i;a;aj WoHdkhla u.ska ksl=;a lrk ,o
<ud wjir m;% ixLHdj my; Ñ;% m%ia;drfhka oelafõ'
1 jk i;sfha bßod
2 jk i;sfha bßod

3 jk i;sfha bßod
4 jk i;sfha bßod
i,l=Kq tllska <ud wjir m;% 100la ksrEmKh lr we;'
(i) jeämqr u <ud wjir m;% ksl;

= a lr we;af;a l=uk i;sfha bßod o@
(ii) wvqfjka u <ud wjir m;% ksl;
= a lr we;af;a l=uk i;sfha bßod o@
(iii) ;=kajk i;sfha bßod ksl=;a l< <ud wjir m;% ixLHdj lSh o@
(iv) bßod Èkhka y;f¾ § ksl;
= a l< uq¿ <ud wjir m;% .Kk lSh o@
(2) tla;rd Èkl 6 fYa%‚fha mka;shl isiqkaf.a meñKSu my; Ñ;%
m%ia;drfha olajd we;'
fm'j' 7'05 isg - fm'j' 7'10 olajd
fm'j' 7'25 isg - fm'j'7'30 olajd

i,l=Kq tllska isiqka y;rfokl= ksrEmKh lr we;'

(i) fm'j' 7'05 isg fm'j 7'10 olajd ld,fha § isiqka lS fokl= mka;shg
meñK ;sfí o@
(ii) fm'j' 7'15 isg fm'j 7'30 olajd mka;shg meñKs isiqka ixLHdj
fldmuK o@
(iii) tÈk fm'j' 7'05g fmr lsis u isiqjl= meñK isáfha ke;s w;r
fm'j' 7'30 jk úg mka;sfha isiqyq ish¨ fokd u meñK isáhy'
mka;sfha uq¿ isiqka .Kk lSh o@
(3) 6 fY%AKsfha isiqjl= i;shl Èk 5 u mdi,a meñKs úg Tyqg ;rejla

m%odkh lrkq ,efí' m<uq mdi,a jdrfha i;s 14la ;=< meñKSu
iïnkaO j ñ;=rka y;r fokl= ,nd.;a ;re m%udK my; Ñ;%
m%ia;drfhka oelafõ ^Èk 5g wvqfjka meñKs úg ;rejla fkd,efí&'
iq,,s;
È,s;
l=uqos;
u,s;
i,l=Kq tllska Èk 5la ksrEmKh lr we;'
(i) i;s 14 § u Èk 5 u meñK ;re ,nd .;af;a fudjqka w;=ßka ljq o@
(ii) u,s; Èk my u meñ‚ i;s .Kk lSho @
(iii) meñKSu ÿ¾j, u fudjqka w;=ßka ldf.a o@
(iv) isiqjl= Èk 69la meñ‚fha kï" Tyqf.a meñŒu ksrEmKh lsÍug

;re lShla we¢h hq;= o@

^4& ;eme,a ld¾hd,hlska i;sfha Èk 5 ;=< ;emE, i|yd Ndr.;a
,shdmÈxÑ l< hq;= ,sms ixLHdj my; Ñ;% m%ia;drfhka ksrEmKh fõ'
i÷od
w`.yrejdod
nodod
n%yiam;skaod
isl=rdod
i,l=Kq tllska ,sms 6la ksrEmKh lr we;'
(i) ,smshla ,shdmÈxÑ lsÍfï .dia;=j re 30 kï" i÷od ,shdmÈxÑ

.dia;= f,i ;eme,a ld¾hd,h ,o uqo, fidhkak'
(ii) ,sms ,shdmÈxÑh fjkqfjka jeä u uqo,la ,o Èkh kï lr tÈk

,enqKq uqo, fidhkak'
(iii) Èk 5 ;=< ,sms ,shdmÈxÑh u.ska ;eme,a ld¾hd,hg ,enqKq uq¿

uqo, fldmuK o@

(5) m,;=re hqI wf,úi,l Èkl § úl=Kk ,o m,;=re îu j¾. ms<snò
my; Ñ;% m%ia;drfhka ksrEmKh fõ'

wU
flduvq
fodvï
Èjq,a
w,sfmar
i,l=Kq tllska îu ùÿre 4la ksrEmKh lr we;'
(i) jeä jYfhka wf,ú ù we;af;a ljr îu j¾.h o@

(ii) Èjq,a fyda w,sfmar fyda îu ùÿrejla úl=Kk ñ, re 12'00la kï
w,sfmar îu wf,úhg jvd Èjq,a îu wf,úfhka jeämqr ,enqKq
uqo, fldmuK o@
(iii) tÈk iEu j¾.hlska u îu úÿre 40 ne.ska ilid ;sìKs kï" tla
tla j¾.fhka Èkh wjidkfha b;sß j we;s îu ùÿre ixLHdj
fidhkak' th j.=jl olajkak'
idrdxYh
²² j.=jl ixLHd;aul j o;a; olajd we;s úg" tu ixLHd weiqfrka
o;a; w¾:l:kh isÿ l< yels h'
²² Ñ;% m%ia;dr u.ska o;a; ksrEmKh lr we;s úg tAjd ixikaokhg
wod< o;a; w¾:l:kh jvd;a myiqfjka isÿ l< yels h'

24 o¾Yl
² o¾Yl wxlkh y÷kd .ekSug"
² ixLHdjla ;j;a ixLHdjl n,hla f,i ,shd oelaùug iy
² n,hla m%idrKh lr tys w.h ,shd oelaùug
yelshdj ,efí'
24'1 o¾Yl wxlkh

hï ixLHdjla tu ixLHdfjka u kej; kej; lsysmúgla .=K lr ,shd
oelaùug isÿ jk wjia:d .Ks;fhys we;'
idOl mdvfï § Tn"
16 = 4 × 4 f,i ,shd olajd we;'
tf,iska u"
16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 f,i ,súh yels h'
fuf,i hï ixLHdjla" tu ixLHdfjka u kej; kej; lsysmúgla .=K
lsÍu olajk ;ekaj, §" th flá lr ,shd olajk yd lshjk wdldrhla we;'
ls%hdldrlu 1
my; i|yka j.=fjys" m<uq kso¾Yk lsysmh weiqfrka" Tng ixLHdjla
tu ixLHdfjka u kej; kej; lsysmjrla .=K lr we;s úg" tu .=K
lsÍu flá lr ,shd olajk l%uh meyeÈ,s fldg we;'
th wjfndaO lr f.k" b;sß ksoiqkaj, ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
.=Ks;h fláfhka ,shk wdldrh

3×3 32
2×2 22
2×2×2 23
4×4 ........................
5×5×5 ........................
........................ 62
........................ 73
3×3×3×3×3 .........................

fuf,i hï ixLHdjla kej; kej; lsysmúgla tu ixLHdfjka u .=K
lrk úg" th flá lr ,shk wdldrh" o¾Yl wxlkh Ndú;fhka ,sùu
hehs lshkq ,efí'

2 × 2 × 2 hkak o¾Yl Ndú;fhka 23 f,i ,shkq ,efí'
tu .=Ks;fhys 2" ;=kaj;djla kej; kej; fh§u folg by<ska ol=Kq
miska l=vdjg ,shd we;s ;=fka b,lalfuka fmkakqï flfrhs'
23 ys" 2 mdoh f,i o" 3 o¾Ylh f,i o y÷kajkq ,efí'
th foflys ;=kajk n,h f,i lshjkq ,efí'

2
o¾Ylh
3
mdoh
2 ys w.h 2 × 2 × 2 fõ' tkï tys w.h 8 fõ'
3

ixLHdjl fojk n,h tu ixLHdfõ j¾.h f,i o ye¢kafõ'
WodyrK ( 5ys fojeks n,h" tkï 52, mfya j¾.h f,i o ye¢kafõ'
ixLHdjl ;=kajk n,h tu ixLHdfõ >kh f,i o ye¢kafõ'
WodyrK ( 8 ys ;=kajeks n,h" tkï 83, wfÜ >kh f,i o ye¢kafõ'
ls%hdldrlu 2
o¾Yl wxlkfhka m%ldY lr we;s my; i|yka ixLHdj, mdoh" o¾Ylh
yd lshjk wdldrh ,shkak'
ixLHdj o¾Yl wdldrh mdoh o¾Ylh lshjk wdldrh

25 52 5 2 mfya fojk n,h
81 34 ............ ............ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
64 26 ............ ............ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
1000 103 ............ ............ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
243 .............. 3 5 '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
625 .............. ............ ............ mfya y;r n,h

ksoiqk 1
3 × 3 × 3 × 3 o¾Yl wxlkh Ndú;fhka ,shkak'
3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34
ksoiqk 2
26 ys w.h fidhkak'
26 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 64
ksoiqk 3
2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 o¾Yl Ndú;fhka ,shkak'
2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 = 23 × 52
ksoiqk 4
52 × 73 ys w.h fidhkak'
52 × 73 = 5 × 5 × 7 × 7 × 7 = 8575
ksoiqk 5
24 × 32 ys w.h fidhkak'
24 × 32 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 144
24'1 wNHdih
(1) my; i|yka j.=fõ we;s ysia;eka iïmQ¾K lrkak'
o¾Yl w.h
.=Ks;h mdoh o¾Ylh
wxlkh
7×7 72 7 2 49
4×4×4 -------- 4 ------ 64
5×5×5×5 -------- ------ ------ 625
------------ 23 ------ ------ -----
------------ -------- 2 2 -----
------------ 53 ------ ------ -----


(2) .=Ks; f,i ,shd we;s my; oelafjk tla tla ixLHdj" o¾Yl
wxlkfhka ,shkak' ta tl tflys w.h o fidhkak'
(i) 5 × 5 (ii) 10 × 10 × 10
(iii) 3 × 3 × 3 (iv) 1 × 1 × 1
(v) 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 × 1 (vi) 7×7×7×7
(vii) 5 × 5 × 7 × 3 × 3 (viii) 6×3×3×3×4×4
(3) jpkfhka olajd we;s my; oelafjk ixLHd o¾Yl wdldrfhka

,shd w.h fidhkak'
(i) foflys fojk n,h (ii) y;frys >kh
(iii) yfhys j¾.h (iv) ;=fkys y;rjk n,h
(v) foflys yhjk n,h (vi) ;=fkys >kh
(4) w.h fidhkak'
(i) 22 × 3 (ii) 23 × 3 (iii) 22 × 32
(iv) 34 (v) 22 × 32 × 42
24'2 hï ixLHdjla § we;s ixLHdjl n,hla f,i oelaùu
16 hk ixLHdj" 2ys n,hla f,i ,shd oelaùug kï 2 ixLHdj tu

ixLHdfjka lSjdrhla .=K l< hq;= oehs oek .; hq;= h'
tkï"
16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 fõ'
tkï" 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 24 '
fufia tl u ixLHdj .=K l< hq;= jdr .Kk" fn§fuka ,nd .ekSu
jvd myiq fõ' by; WodyrKfha mdoh 2 f,i y÷kd .;a úg" o¾Ylh
fiùug fn§u l< hq;= wdldrh my; oelafõ'
2 16
2 8
2 4 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 24
2 2
1

ksoiqk 1 ksoiqk 2
81 ixLHdj 3ys n,hla f,i 125 ixLHdj 5ys n,hla f,i
m%ldY lrkak' m%ldY lrkak'
81 ixLHdj 3ka fn§u kej; 125" 5ka fn§u kej; kej;
kej; isÿ lruq' isÿ lruq'
3 81 5 125
3 27 5 25 125 = 5 × 5 × 5 = 53
3 9 81 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34 5 5
3 3 1
1
24'2 wNHdih
(1) î& 5ys fo.=Kh lSh o@ îi& 5ys fojeks n,h lSh o@
(2) î& 4ys ;=ka.=Kh lSh o@ îi& 4ys ;=kajeks n,h lSh o@
(3) 32 ixLHdj 2ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
(4) 144 ixLHdj 12ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
(5) 64 ixLHdj"
î& 2ys n,hla f,i"
îi& 4ys n,hla f,i"
îii& 8ys n,hla f,i ,shd olajkak'
(6) 81 ixLHdj"
î& 3ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
îi& 9ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
(7) my; i|yka m%ldYk i;H$ wi;H nj olajkak'
î& 23 = 8 îi& 32 = 6 îii& 22 = 42 îv& 52 = 10

^v& 25 = 32 ^vi& 32 = 9 ^vii& 24 = 42 ^viii& 24 = 8
îx& 73 = 21 ^x& 53 = 15 ^xi& 35 = 243

ñY% wNHdih

(1) 7 ys mdoh yd o¾Ylh l=ula o@
2
(2) my; i|yka tAjd o¾Yl wxlkh Ndú;fhka ,shkak'

î& 5 × 5 × 5 × 5 îi& 4 × 4 × 7 × 7 × 7
îii& 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 8 îv& 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5
^v& 4 × 4 × 4 × 5 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7 ^vi& 2 × 3 × 3 × 2 × 5 × 2 × 3 × 5
(3) my; oelafjk tla tla m%ldYkfha w.h fidhkak'
î& 24 × 52 îi& 32 × 72 îii& 112 × 102
îv& 23 × 52 × 7 ^v& 22 × 33 × 52
(4)
ysia;eka mqrjkak'
î& 36 = 6 îi& 8 = 2 îii& 125 = 5

îv& = 102 ^v& = 34

(5) 256 ixLHdj"
î& 2ys n,hla f,i ,shkak' îi& 4ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
îii& 16ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
(6) 729 ixLHdj"
î& 7ys n,hla f,i ,shkak îi& 9ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
îii& 27ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
(7) < fyda > fyda ixfla;j,ska ksjerÈ ixfla;h fhdod ysia;eka mqrjkak'
î& 23 ---- 32 îi& 34 ---- 43 îii& 24 ---- 42
îv& 81 ---- 18 ^v& 24 ---- 42 ^vi& 32 ---- 6
idrdxYh
² tl u ixLHdjla kej; kej; tu ixLHdfjka u .=K lrk úg th
fláfhka ,shk wdldrh o¾Yl wdldrfhka ,sùu fõ'

2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 = 25
² 2 m%ldYfha 2 hkq mdoh o" 5 hkq o¾Ylh o fõ'
5
² ixLHdjla § we;s ixLHdjl n,hla f,i ,shd oelaúh yels h'

² ixLHdjla § we;s ixLHdjl n,hla f,i oelaùfï § fn§fï l%uh
jvd myiq fõ'

25 j¾.M,h
²² mDIaGhla me;sÍ we;s bv m%udKh tys j¾.M,h f,i y÷kd
.ekSug"
²² wNsu; tAll Ndú;fhka j¾.M,h uekSsug"
²² cm2 j¾.M,h uksk tAllhla f,i y÷kd .ekSug"
²² 1 cm « 1 cm fldgq cd,h u.ska iup;=ri%hl iy RcqfldaKdi%hl
j¾.M,h uekSug iy
²² 1 cm2 iup;=ri%dldr wdia;r Ndú;fhka § we;s j¾.M,hla we;s
rEm ks¾udKh lsÍug"
yelshdj ,efí'
25'1 j¾.M,h y÷kd .ekSu

ì;a;s mqj;am;l" ks¾udK m%o¾Ykh lsÍu i|yd isiqka yhfokl=g fjka
lrk ,o bv rEmfha olajd we;'
ì;a;s mqj;am;
wls, lú÷
.sydka
lu,j;S wfYaka
kiS¾
tu tla tla bv" f¾Ld LKavj,ska jg jQ mDIaG f,i y÷kd.; yels h'
mDIaGhla me;sÍ we;s bv m%udKh tu mDIaGfha j¾.M,h f,i y÷kajkq
,efí'
tla tla isiqjdg ,eî we;s bv m%udK ksÍlaIKh lrkak' tla ksÍlaIKhla
f,i tys lú÷g wh;a bv m%udKh wls,g wh;a bv m%udKhg jvd jeä
nj lsj yels h'
tkï lú÷g" wls,g jvd jeä j¾.M,fhka hq;a bvla ,eî we;'
25'2 wNsu; tAll Ndú;fhka j¾.M,h uekSu
ls%hdldrlu 1
mshjr 1 - me;a;l È. 6 cm jk iup;=ri%dldr wdia;rhla .klu
lvodishlska lmd .kak'
mshjr 2 - lmd .;a wdia;rh j¾.M, tAll 1la f,i i,ld" my;
i|yka mDIaG u; wdia;rh ;nd ne,Sfuka" tAjdfha j¾.M,h
tAll lShla oehs fidhkak'
1' Tfí .‚;h fm<fmdf;a uq,a msgqj
2' Tfí .‚;h wNHdi fmdf;a uq,a msgqj
3' Tfí fïi ,E,af,a u;=msg
mshjr 3 - me;a;l È. 8 cm yd m<, 3 cm jk RcqfldaKdi%dldr
wdia;rhla" .klu lvodishlska lmd .kak'
mshjr 4 - fmr mßÈ u fuu wdia;rfhka o by; i|yka mDIaGj,
j¾.M,h fidhkak'
YsIHhl= RcqfldaKdi%dldr wdia;rhl j¾.M,h

fiùug th .‚;h wNHdi fmdf;ys msgqjla
u; ;nd we;s wdldrh rEmfha oelafõ'
r;= mdáka w÷re lr we;s fldgqfõ j¾.M,h tAll 1la f,i .ksuq' túg
RcqfldaKdi%dldr wdia;rfha j¾.M,h tu tAll 24ls'
;j;a YsIHhl= tu RcqfldaKdi%dldr wdia;rfhys
j¾.M,h fiùug" fjk;a m%udKfhka hq;a
fldgq cd,lhla u; tu wdia;rh ;nd we;s
wdldrh rEmfha oelafõ'
fld< mdáka w÷re lr we;s fldgqfõ j¾.M,h tAll 1la f,i .ksuq'
túg RcqfldaKdi%dldr wdia;rfha j¾.M,h tu tAll 6ls'
fï wkqj tl u RcqfldaKdi%dldr wdia;rfha j¾.M,h i|yd Ndú;

l< tAllh wkqj w.hka folla ,eî we;'
tys § r;= mdg fldgqfjka oelajQ tall 24la iy fld< mdg fldgqfjka
oelajQ tall 6la f,i tu wdia;rfha j¾.M,h ixLHd;aul j tlsfklg
fjkia w.hka folla ,eì‚'
1 cm × 1 cm iup;=ri%dldr wdia;rhla
1 cm
1 cm
wdia;rfha j¾.M,h 1 cm2 fõ'
fufia j¾.M,h uekSug wNsu; tAllhla Ndú; l< yels w;r"
j¾.M,h i|yka lsßfï § Ndú; l< tAllh i|yka lsÍu jeo.;a fõ'
j¾.M,h uekSug me;a;l È. 1 cm jQ iup;=ri%dldr wdia;rhl j¾.M,h
iïu; tAllhla f,i Ndú; lrhs' th y÷kajkafka j¾. fikaáógr
tlla f,i jk w;r" ,shkafka 1 cm2 f,ih'
ls%hdldrlu 2
mshjr 1 -
áIQ
lvodishla imhd
f.k" rEmfha
oelafjk mßÈ
1 cm × 1 cm
iup;=ri%dldr fldgq
iys; fldgq
cd,lhla we|
.kak' th 1 cm
× 1 cm fldgq
cd,lh hkqfjka
ye¢kafõ ^ke;akï
úksúo lvodisj,
uqøs; tjeks
cd,lhla imhd
.kak&'

mshjr 2 - my; i|yka m%udKj, iup;=ri%j, yd RcqfldaKdi%j,
rEm igyka iqÿiq lvodishla u; we| .kak'
me;a;l È. 3 cm $ 5 cm $ 10 cm jk iup;=ri%'
È. 3 cm m<, 2 cm $ È. 6 cm m<, 4 cm $ È. 10 cm m<,
6 cm jk RcqfldaKdi%'
mshjr 3 - ilia lr .;a fldgq cd,lh" by; we| .;a tla tla ;,
rEmh u; ;nd" fldgq .Kka lsÍfuka tla tla ;, rEmfha
j¾.M,h fidhkak'
mshjr 4 - fidhk ,o j¾.M,h tu tla tla rEmh wi,ska ,shkak'
ksoiqk 1
my; rEmfha j¾.M,h fldgq .Kka lsÍfuka fidhkak' tla l=vd
fldgqjl j¾.M,h 1 cm2 f,i i,lkak'
rEmfha we;s fldgq .Kk = 15
tla fldgqjl j¾.M,h 1 cm2 ksid"
rEmfha j¾.M,h = 15 cm2
ksoiqk 2
my; rEmfha j¾.M,h fldgq .Kka lsÍfuka fidhkak' tla l=vd

fldgqjl j¾.M,h 1 cm2 fõ'
rEmfha iïmQ¾K fldgq 6la yd fldgqjlska
nd.hla ne.ska fldgia 4la we;'
tkï l=vd fldgq 8lg iudk bvla
rEmfha wvx.= h'
tla fldgqjl j¾.M,h 1 cm2 ksid
rEmfha j¾.M,h = 8 cm2

25'1 wNHdih
(1) tla l=vd fldgqjl j¾.M,h 1 cm2 f,i f.k" my; oelafjk tla
tla rEmfha j¾.M,h fldgq .Kka lsÍfuka fidhkak'
(i) (ii)
(iii) (iv) (v)
(vi) (vii) (viii)

(2) my; 1 cm × 1 cm fldgq cd,lh u; w÷re lr we;s tla tla rEmfha
j¾.M,h fidhkak'
(i) (ii) (iii)
(iv)
(v) (vi)
25'3 1 cm2 wdia;r Ndú;fhka rEm ks¾udKh lsÍu
1 cm2l wdia;r 4la lmd .kak' tAjd ixhqla; lsÍfuka úúO rEm
ks¾udKh lr we;s whqre my; oelafõ' tu tla tla rEmfha j¾.M,h
ms<sn| Tng l=ula lsj yels o?

fuu wdia;rj, yevh fjkia jqj o tla tla wdia;rfha j¾.M,h
4 cm2 nj Tng meyeÈ,s jkakg we;'
ls%hdldrlu 3
mshjr 1 - j¾.M,h j¾.fikaáógrh ne.ska jQ iup;=ri%dldr wdia;r

16la lmd .kak'
mshjr 2 - tu wdia;r ish,a, ixhqla; lr" úúO rEm ks¾udKh lrkak'
tfia ks¾udKh l< rEm lsysmhla my; olajd we;'
tu tla tla rEmfha j¾.M,h fldgq .Kka lsÍfuka fidhkak'

tu tla tla rEmfha j¾.M,h ms<sn| j Tng l=ula lsj yels o@
mshjr 3 - by; wdia;r Ndú;fhka me;a;l È. 2 cm, 3 cm yd

4 cm jQ iup;=ri%dldr rEm ks¾udKh lrkak' fldgq .Kka
lsÍfuka tla tla rEmfha j¾.M,h fidhkak'

ls%hdldrlu 4
mshjr 1 - j¾.M,h 1 cm2 la jQ iup;=ri%dldr wdia;r 100la muK

j¾Kj;a lvodis Ndú;fhka lmd .kak'
mshjr 2 - tu wdia;r Ndú;fhka my; tla tla ks¾udKh isÿ lr

wNHdi fmdf;a w,jkak'

(i) j¾.M,h 25 cm2 jQ iup;=ri%dldr rEmhla
(ii) j¾.M,h 24 cm2 jQ RcqfldaKdi%dldr rEmhla
(iii) È. 5 cm yd m<, 4 cm jQ RcqfldaKdi%dldr rEmhla
mshjr 3 - Tn leu;s j¾.M,hla we;s rEm idod fmdf;a w,jkak' tAjdfha

j¾.M,h yd rEmfha ku tA wi,ska ,shkak'
idrdxYh
²² mDIaGhla me;sÍ we;s bv m%udKh tys j¾.M,h f,i ye¢kafõ'
²² j¾.M,h uekSug wNsu; tAllhla Ndú; l< yels h' j¾.M,h
i|yka lsÍfï § tAllh i|yka l< hq;= h'
²² j¾.fikaáógr j¾.M,h uekSug Ndú; jk tAllhls'
²² 1 cm2 j¾.M,hlska hq;a iup;=ri%dldr wdia;r Ndú;fhka" § we;s
rEmj, j¾.M,h uekSu;a" § we;s j¾.M,hla we;s rEm ks¾udKh
lsÍu;a isÿ l< yels h'

mqkÍlaIK wNHdih - 3
(1) u.ska ksrEmKh jk ixLHdj lSh o@
(2) x = 14 jk úg x - 2 úÔh m%ldYkfha w.h fidhkak'
(3) 2085 g" lsf,da.a?ï iy .a?ïj,ska olajkak'
(4) 2 : 7 wkqmd;hg ;=,H jQ wkqmd; 2la ,shkak'
(5) wU f.ä 6l ñ, re 72 kï" wU f.ä ;=kl ñ, lSh o@
(6) 23 × 32ys w.h fidhkak'
(7) 81 ixLHdj" 3ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'
(8) (i) my; oelafjkafka >klhla idod .ekSug fhdod .kakd 1 cm × 1 cm fldgq
iys; m;ruls' tu m;rfuka iEfok >klfha ish¨ uqyqK;aj, j¾.M,h
cm2 lSh o@

(ii) l=vd fldgqjl È. yd
m<, 1 cm « 1 cm f,i
f.k mdg lr we;s tla
tla rEmfha j¾.M,h
fidhkak'
(9) (i) l=vd f.aÜgqjl m¨jla ilia (ii) fuys oelafjk rEmfha mßñ;sh
lr we;af;a ,S má Ndú; fidhkak'
lrñks' tys § f.aÜgqj ilia
10
lsÍug Ndú; jQ ,S máj, uq¿ cm
cm
È. ógr iy fikaáógrj,ska
10
olajkak'
6 cm
6 cm
12 cm
12 cm
10 cm
90 cm
10 cm
75 cm 2 cm 2 cm

(10) (i) kg g (ii) kg g
2 750 6 600
+ 3 475 −3 799
(11) idohla i|yd ñY% m,;=re îula iE§ug wjYH úh' tA

i|yd fodvï hqI 1 l ne.ska jQ fnda;,a 3la o wkakdis
hqI 1 l ne.ska jQ fnda;,a 2la o foys hqI 500 mlla o
ñY% lrhs'
(i) ñY% lrk ,o fodvï hqI m%udKh ñ,s,Sgr lSh o@
(ii) ñY% lrk ,o wkakdis hqI m%udKh ñ,s,Sgr
lSh o@
(iii) ñY%Khg c,h ,Sgr 4la tla lf<a kï uq¿ ñY% îu m%udKh ,Sgr yd
ñ,s,Sgrj,ska m%ldY lrkak'
(iv) ñY%Kfha we;s fodvï hqI yd wkakdis hqI m%udK w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
(v) ñY%Kfha we;s fodvï hqI yd foys hqI m%udK w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak' fuu
wkqmd;h ir, u wdldrfhka olajkak'
(vi) idohg 38 fokl= iyNd.s jQfha kï tla whl=g ñ,s,Sgr 250 ne.ska fuu
îu m%udKh ix.%y lsÍug m%udKj;a fõ oehs fidhkak'
(12) fmg% ñ, remsh,a x fõ'

,a ,Sgrhl
(i) fmg%,a ,Sgrhl ñ, re 12lska by< .sfha kï
ñ, by< .sh miq fmg%,a ,Sgrhl ñ, i|yd x
weiqfrka m%ldYkhla ,shkak'

(ii) ñ, by< hdug fmr re 200la § fmg%,a ,Sgrhla ñ, § .;a whl=g ,efnk
b;sß uqo, i|yd x weiqfrka m%ldYkhla ,shkak'
(iii) jdykhlg fmg%,a ,Sgrhlska lsf,daógr y m%udKhl ÿrla Odjkh l<
yels h' fmg%,a ,Sgrhla fhdod lsf,daógr 10l ÿrla jdykh Odjkh lf<a
h' b;sß bkaOkj,ska ;jÿrg;a jdykh Odjkh l< yels lsf,daógr .Kk
y weiqfrka ,shkak'

(iv) y = 14 kï" îii& ys ,nd.;a m%ldYkfhys w.h fidhkak'
(v) x = 160 kï" (i) iy (ii) ,nd.;a m%ldYkhkays w.hka fjk fjk u
fidhkak'

(13)
iSks 750 g ud.ßka 750 g msá 1 kg

by; i|yka øjH ñY% lr c,h o tl;= fldg rileú,s j¾.hla ilia
lrhs'
(i) c,h yer wfkl=;a ñY% l< øjHj, uq¿ ialkaOh lsf,da.a?ï iy .a?ïj,ska
olajkak'
(ii) c,h tl;= l< miq ñY%Kfha ialkaOh 3 kg 75g la úh' tl;= lrk ,o
c,fha ialkaOh fldmuK o@
(14) ,l=Kq 10la ,nd ÿka we.hSul § isiqka 30la ,nd .;a ,l=Kq my; oelafõ'
3 6 5 7 1 8 6 7 8 4
7 8 3 0 9 7 2 3 5 6
5 9 7 8 10 4 1 6 7 6
(i) fuu o;a; m%.Kk ,l=Kq fhdod .ksñka my; j.=fõ olajkak'
m<uq ;Srfha we;s ,l=Kq ,nd.;a isiqka
,l=Kq isiqka ixLHdj
ixLHdj m%.Kk ,l=K u.ska
0" 1" 2" 3" 4
5" 6" 7
8" 9" 10
(ii) tu o;a; Ñ;% m%ia;drhlska ksrEmKh lrkak'
(iii) ,l=Kq 5la fyda Bg jeäfhka ,nd.;a YsIH ixLHdj fldmuK o@
(iv) 8-10 hkq m%ùK;djhg <.d jQ isiqka
5-7 hkq wdikak m%ùK;dj iys; isiqka
0-4 hkq m%;sld¾h bf.kqulg fhduq l< hq;= isiqka" f,i fuu isiqka
iuQyh ldKav lrhs' by; tla tla ldKavhg wh;a jk YsIH ixLHdj
i|yka lrkak'
(15) (i) 16 = 2 =4 kï ysia fldgqj,g .e<fmk ixLHd ,shkak'

(ii) 32 × 22 hkak m%idrKh lr tys w.h fidhkak'
(iii) ysia fldgqj,g .e<fmk b,lalï ,shkak'
(a) 64 = 2 (b) 64 = 4 (c) 64 = 8
(iv) 1024 hkak"
(a) 2ys n,hla f,i" (b) 4ys n,hla f,i ,shkak'

(v) 26 iy 62 hk ixLHd foflka jvd úYd, ixLHdj l=ula oehs fmkajd
fokak'
(16) l=Ika ljrhla my; oelafjk mßÈ 1 cm × 1 cm fldgqj,ska frdai yd ks,a
j¾K follska ilia lr we;'
(i) ks,a j¾Kfhka j¾K .kajd we;s fldgiaj, uq¿ j¾.M,h cm2 lSh o@
(ii) frdai j¾Kfhka j¾K .kajd we;s fldgiaj, uq¿ j¾.M,h cm2 lSh o@
(iii) frdai yd ks,a j¾K iys; fldgiaj, uq¿ j¾.M, w;r wkqmd;h fidhkak'
(17) >Kdldr odÿ leghla 15 j;djla Wv oeuQ úg ,enqKq m%;sM, my; rEmfha oelafõ'
(i) my; i|yka tla tla j¾.fha ixLHd ,eî we;s jdr .Kk uq¿ jdr .Kkska
Nd.hla f,i olajkak'
(a) brÜg ixLHd (b) T;af;a ixLHd (c) m%:ul ixLHd
(d) ixhq; ixLHd (e) ;%sfldaK ixLHd
(f) iup;=ri% ixLHd
(ii) tl;=j 14 la ,efnkafka ljr j¾.fha ixLHdj,g wod< Nd. tl;= l<
úg o@ 15
(iii) T;af;a ixLHdj,g wod< Nd.fhka ixhq; ixLHdj,g wod< Nd.h wvq l<
úg m%;sM,h f,i ,efnk Nd.h 14 g ;=,H nj fmkajkak'
15

mdßNdIsl Yío ud,dj
w{d; moh Unknown term njupahj cWg;G
w{d;hla Unknown njupahf;fzpak;
wkqmd;h Ratio tpfpjk;
wkqmd;sl Rates tPjq;fs;
wdia;rh Lamina mlu;
bv m%udKh Space ,lj;jpd; msT
brÜg ixLHd Even Numbers ,ul;il vz;fs;
Wi Height cauk;
RcqfldaKdi%h Rectangle nrt;tfk;
T;af;a ixLHd Odd Numbers xw;iw vz;fs;
.eUqr Depth Mok;
.klu Thickness jbg;G
>klh Cube rJuKfp
>kldNh Cuboid fdTU
>k jia;= Solids jpz;kk;
Ñ;% m%ia;dr Picture Graphs gltiuG
;, rEmh Plane figure jscU
;%mSishu Trapezium ruptfk;
;%sfldaKh Triangle Kf;Nfhzp
;%sfldaK ixLHd Triangular Numbers Kf;Nfhzp vz;fs;
È. Length ePsk;
o;a; ksrEmKh Data Representation juTfis tifFwpj;jy;
o;a; Data juT
o;a; /ia lsÍu Data Collection juTfisr; Nrfupj;jy;
o¾Yl wxlkh Index Notation Rl;bf; Fwpg;gPL
oYu Decimals jrkk;
oYu ;s; Decimal point jrkGs;sp
øj ñkqï Liquid Measurements jput mstPLfs;
odrh Edge tpspk;G
ksudkh Estimation kjpg;gply;
ksh; moh Constant; xUik cWg;G
ksrEmKh Representation tifFwpj;jy;
m<, Width mfyk;

mQ¾K ixLHd Whole Numbers KO vz;fs;
m%.Kk ,l=K Tally Mark tuTf;Fwp
m%:ul ixLHd Prime Numbers Kjd;ik vz;fs;
n,h Power tY
ñ,s,Sgr Millilitre kpy;ypyPw;wH
uqyqK; Face Kfk;
/ia lsÍu Collection Nru;j;jy;
f¾Ld LKavh Line segment Neu;Nfhl;Lj; Jz;lk;
,Sgr Litre yPw;wH
j.= Tables ml;ltiz
j¾.M,h Area gug;gsT
úp,H Variables khwpfs;
ùÔh Algebraic ml;rufzpj
ùÔh moh Algebraic term ml;ruf;fzpj cWg;G
ùÔh m%ldYk Algebraic expression ml;rufzpjf; Nfhit
YS¾Ih Vertex cr;rp
ixfla; Symbols FwpaPLfs;
ixhqla; >kjia;= Compound Solids $l;Lj;jpz;kk;
ixhq; ixLHd Composite Numbers NrHj;jp vz;fs;
ixjD; rEm Closed figures %ba cUf;fs;
iup;=ri%h Square rJuk;
iup;=ri% ixLHd Perfect Square Numbers rJu vz;fs;
iudka;rdi%h Parallelogram ,izfuk;
ir, u wdldrh Simplest form vspa tbtk;
ir, f¾Ldj Straight line Neu;NfhL
iúê p;=ia;,h Regular tetrahedron xOq;fhd ehd;Kfp
ialkaOh Mass jpzpT
ia:dkSh w.h Place value ,lg;ngWkhdk;
idOlh Factor fhuzp
ishfhka mx.= Hundredths E}wpd; $Wfs;

mdvï wkql%uh
wka;¾.;h ld,ÉfÊo ixLHdj ksmqK;d uÜgu
1 jdrh
1' jD;a; 03 24'1
2' ia:dkSh w.h 06 1'1
3' mQ¾K ixLHd u; .Ks; l¾u 10 1'4" 1'5
4' ld,h 06 12'1" 12'2
5' ixLHd f¾Ldj 11 1'2" 1'3
6' ksudkh iy jgehSu 08 1'8" 1'9
7' fldaK 04 21'1
8' ÈYd 05 13'1
53
2 jdrh
9' Nd. 12 3'1" 3'2" 3'3" 3'4
10' f;aÍu 04 30'1
11' idOl yd .=Kdldr 09 1'6" 1'7
12' ir, f¾Çh ;,rEm 04 23'1
13' oYu 06 3'5" 3'6
14 ixLHd j¾. iy ixLHd rgd 10 2'1" 2'2
15' È. 08 7'1" 7'2
16' øj ñkqï 04 11'1
17' >k jia;= 08 22'1
65
3 jdrh
18' ùðh ixfla; 04 14'1
19' úÔh m%ldYk f.dvke.Su yd 04 14'2
wdfoaYh
20' ialkaOh 05 9'1
21' wkqmd; 06 4'1
22 o;a; /ialsÍu yd ksrEmKh 06 28'1
23' o;a; w¾:l:kh 05 29'1
24' o¾Yl 04 6'1
25' j¾.M,h 05 8'1
39
tl;=j 157

Maths G-6 P-II S

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Maths G-6 P-II S

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wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j

ish¨ ysñlï weúßKs'

wOHdmk m%ldYk fomd¾;fïka;=j úiska

Y%S ,xld ud;d

2015 j¾Ifha isg l%shd;aul jk kj úIh ks¾foaYhg wkql+, j yh jk fY%aKsfha

.Ks; ixl,am yeoEÍfï uQ,sl wä;d,u úêu;a j f.dvke.Sfï wjYH;dj fuu

.Ks; ixl,am wjfndaO lr .ekSfï § iEu orejl= u tlu olaI;djla fmkakqï

lemùfuka .‚;h úIhh bf.k f.k ;¾ldkql+, Ñka;khlska fyì nqoaêu;a

oeka wms f¾Ld LKav ms<sn| j u;la lr .ksuq'

ir, f¾Ld LKavhla jl% f¾Ld LKavhla

fnda,hl u;=msg iu;, fkdjk ksid" fnda,h u;= msg we|

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f)

(g) (h) (i) (j)

2 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

ir, f¾Ld LKavj,ska muKla iukaú; ixjD; ;, rEm lsysmhla i|yd

fuu rEmh ir, f¾Ld LKavj,ska muKla iukaú;

fuu rEmh ixjD; jk kuq;a" ir, f¾Ld LKavj,ska

(a) (b) (c)

(d) (e) (f) (g)

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 3

12'5 ;s%fldaKh iy p;=ri%h

;s%fldaKhl mdo 3la iy fldaK 3la we;'

p;=ri%hl mdo 4la iy fldaK 4la we;'

4 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

●● p;=ri%j, úúO wjia:d yd tajdfha ,laIK

rEmfha oelafjk p;=ri%fha"

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 5

6 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv)

(v) (vi) (vii) (viii)

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 7

(3) fldgq lvodishl we| we;s fudaia;rhla my; oelafõ'

my; § we;s rEmh ldâfndaâ tll msgm;a lr.kak'

8 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

² ir, f¾Ld LKav ;=klska iukaú; ixjD; ir, f¾Çh ;, rEmh

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 9

13 '1 oYu ye¢kaùu

0.1 lshjkq ,nkafka ìkaÿjhs oYu tl f,isks'

0.2 lshjkq ,nkafka ìkaÿjhs oYu fol f,isks'

10 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

0'5 hk ixLHdj i,luq'

2'5ys 2 msysgk ia:dkh tlia:dkh fõ' 2ka ksrEmKh jk w.h 1 tAjd

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 11

ixLHdj jpkfhka ,shk wdldrh

1 tAjd tAjd 10 tAjd 1 tAjd tAjd 1 tAjd tAjd

13'2 oYu ye¢kaùu ;jÿrg;a

12 fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h'

0'27 lshjkq ,nkafka ìkaÿjhs oYu folhs y; f,isks'

1 tAjd tAjd tAjd

ixLHdjl m<uq oYuia:dkhg miqj we;s b,lalu msysgk ia:dkh

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 13

19'67" .Kl rduqjlska ksrEmKh lruq'

10 tAjd 1 tAjd tAjd tAjd

19'67ys 1 msysgk ia:dkh oiia:dkh fõ'

(2) my; oelafjk tla tla ixLHdj wl=ßka ,shd olajkak'

fkdñf,a fnod yeÍu i|yd h' 15

tu b,lalu msysgk tu b,lalfuka

13'3 oYu ixLHd ixikaokh

oYu ixLHd ixikaokh Nd. weiqfrka

2 yd 1'8 ixikaokh lruq'

0'3 yd 0'32 ixikaokh lruq'