Inupts:

AR ≔ 9 CD_min ≔ 0.025 k ≔ 0.04516 CD_TO ≔ 0.04 CL_TO ≔ 0.5

Cr
ea
slug
Wg ≔ 2000 lbf η ≔ 0.8 ρ0 ≔ 0.002378 ――
te
ft 3
d

steps:
wi

1- Calculating the Oswald’s Span Efficiency using Method 1:

th

e ≔ 1.78 ⎛⎝1 - 0.045 AR 0.68⎞⎠ - 0.64 = 0.7831

PT
C

2-Calculating the lift-induced drag constant, k, per Equation (15-7):

Ma

1
k ≔ ―――= 0.0452
th

π ⋅ AR ⋅ e
ca
d

3-Calculate the T/W (T_W) per Equation (3-1):

Ex
pr

inputs: H ≔ 8000 ft V ≔ 150 knot n≔2

es

4.2561
slug ⎛ ⎞⎠ slug
s.

-1
ρ ≔ 0.002378 ―― 3
⎝1 - 0.0000068756 ft ⋅ H = 0.0019 ――
ft ft 3
Se
ew

ρ
σ ≔ ―――――= 0.786 density ratio
slug
0.002378 ――
ww

ft 3
1 lbf
dynamic pressure q ≔ ―ρ ⋅ V 2 = 59.9015 ――
.m

2 ft 2
at

⎛ CD_min ⎛ n ⎞2 ⎞
hc

⎛ lbf ⎞
T_W_1 ((W_S)) ≔ q ⋅ ⎜――― + k ⋅ ⎜― ⎟ ⋅ W_S⎟ T_W_1 ⎜10 ―― ⎟ = 0.1799
ad

⎝ W_S ⎝q⎠ ⎠ ⎝ ft 2 ⎠
. co

T_1 ((W_S)) ≔ Wg ⋅ T_W_1 ((W_S))

T_1 ((W_S)) ⋅ V
m

PBHP_1 ((W_S)) ≔ ―――――

η
fo
rm

PBHP_1 ((W_S))
PBHP_SL_1 ((W_S)) ≔ ――――――
((1.132 ⋅ σ - 0.132))
or
ei
nf
or
ma
tio
n.

4-Calculating the T/W (T_W) per Equation (3-3).

4-Calculating the T/W (T_W) per Equation (3-3).

ft
inputs: H ≔ 0 ft V ≔ 80 knot VV ≔ 1500 ――
Cr
min
ea
4.2561
1 lbf slug ⎛ ⎞⎠ slug
q ≔ ―ρ ⋅ V 2 = 17.0386 ―― ρ ≔ 0.002378 ―― ⎝1 - 0.0000068756 ft -1
⋅ H = 0.0024 ――
te
2 ft 2
ft 3
ft 3
d

VV ⎛ lbf ⎞
wi

q k
T_W_2 ((W_S)) ≔ ―― + ――⋅ CD_min + ―⋅ W_S T_W_2 ⎜10 ―― ⎟ = 0.2543
V W_S q ft 2 ⎠
th

⎝
PT

ρ
σ ≔ ―――――= 1 density ratio
C

slug
0.002378 ――
Ma

ft 3
th

T_2 ((W_S)) ≔ Wg ⋅ T_W_2 ((W_S))

ca
d

T_2 ((W_S)) ⋅ V
PBHP_2 ((W_S)) ≔ ―――――
Ex

η
pr

PBHP_2 ((W_S))
es

PBHP_SL_2 ((W_S)) ≔ ――――――

((1.132 ⋅ σ - 0.132))
s.
Se
ew

5-Calculating the T/W (T_W) per Equation (3-4):

ww

inputs: μ ≔ 0.04 VLOF ≔ 65 knot SG ≔ 900 ft

.m

1 ⎛ VLOF ⎞ 2 lbf
VLOF q ≔ ―⋅ ρ ⋅ ⎜――⎟ = 7.1553 ――
at

q@ V= ―― 2 ⎜⎝ ‾‾ ft 2
‾‾ 2 ⎟⎠
hc

2
ρ
ad

σ ≔ ―――――= 1 density ratio

slug
. co

0.002378 ――
ft 3
VLOF 2 q ⋅ CD_TO ⎛ q ⋅ CL_TO ⎞ ⎛ lbf ⎞
m

T_W_3 ((W_S)) ≔ ――― + ―――+ μ ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――⎟ T_W_3 ⎜10 ―― ⎟ = 0.2621

2 ⋅ g ⋅ SG W_S ⎝ W_S ⎠ ⎝ ft 2 ⎠
fo
rm

T_3 ((W_S)) ≔ Wg ⋅ T_W_3 ((W_S))

T_3 ((W_S)) ⋅ V
or

PBHP_3 ((W_S)) ≔ ―――――

η
ei
nf

PBHP_3 ((W_S))
PBHP_SL_3 ((W_S)) ≔ ――――――
or

((1.132 ⋅ σ - 0.132))
ma
tio
n.

6-Calculating the T/W (T_W), using the ρ and q calcualted in step 3 per Equation (3-5):
6-Calculating the T/W (T_W), using the ρ and q calcualted in step 3 per Equation (3-5):

inputs: ρ = ρ from step 3, q=q from step 3 (H=8000ft) V ≔ 150 knot

Cr
ea
4.2561
slug ⎛ -1 ⎞⎠ slug
ρ ≔ 0.002378 ―― ⎝1 - 0.0000068756 ft ⋅ 8000 ft = 0.0019 ――
te
3
ft ft 3
d
wi

ρ
σ ≔ ―――――= 0.786 density ratio
slug
th

0.002378 ――
ft 3
PT

1 lbf
q ≔ ―ρ ⋅ V 2 = 59.9015 ――
C

2 ft 2
Ma

⎛ 1 ⎞ ⎛1⎞ ⎛ lbf ⎞
T_W_4 ((W_S)) ≔ q ⋅ CD_min ⋅ ⎜――⎟ + k ⋅ ⎜―⎟ ⋅ ((W_S)) T_W_4 ⎜10 ―― ⎟ = 0.1573
th

⎝ W_S ⎠ ⎝q⎠ ⎝ ft 2 ⎠
ca

T_4 ((W_S)) ≔ Wg ⋅ T_W_4 ((W_S))

d
Ex

T_4 ((W_S)) ⋅ V
PBHP_4 ((W_S)) ≔ ―――――
pr

η
es

PBHP_4 ((W_S))
s.

PBHP_SL_4 ((W_S)) ≔ ――――――

((1.132 ⋅ σ - 0.132))
Se
ew

7-Calculating the T/W (T_W) per Equation (3-6):

ww

inputs: service ceiling H ≔ 20000 ft

.m

ft
rate of climb: VV ≔ 1.667 ―
at

s
hc

4.2561
slug ⎛ -1 ⎞⎠ slug
ρ ≔ 0.002378 ―― ⎝1 - 0.0000068756 ft ⋅ H = 0.0013 ――
ad

3
ft ft 3
. co

ρ
σ ≔ ―――――= 0.5328 density ratio
m

slug
0.002378 ――
ft 3
fo
rm

‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
2 ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
k
VY ((W_S)) ≔ ―⋅ W_S ⋅ ―――
ρ 3 ⋅ CD_min
or
ei
nf

VV ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
k ⋅ CD_min
T_W_5 ((W_S)) ≔ ―――― + 4 ⋅ ――――
or

VY ((W_S)) 3
ma
tio
n.
 ⎛ lbf ⎞
T_W_5 ⎜10 ―― ⎟ = 0.0927
Cr
⎝ ft 2 ⎠
ea
te

T_5 ((W_S)) ≔ Wg ⋅ T_W_5 ((W_S))

d

T_5 ((W_S)) ⋅ VY ((W_S))

wi

PBHP_5 ((W_S)) ≔ ―――――――

η
th
PT

PBHP_5 ((W_S))
PBHP_SL_5 ((W_S)) ≔ ――――――
C

((1.132 ⋅ σ - 0.132))
Ma
th

8- define W_S
ca
d

lbf lbf lbf

W_S ≔ 5 ―― , 6 ―― ‥ 58 ――
Ex

2 2
ft ft ft 2
pr
es
s.

8-plot:
Se
ew
ww

0.365
.m

0.335
at

0.305
hc

0.275

T_W_1 ((W_S))
ad

0.245
. co

0.215 T_W_2 ((W_S))

m

0.185
T_W_3 ((W_S))
fo

0.155
T_W_4 ((W_S))
rm

0.125

T_W_5 ((W_S))
or

0.095
ei

0.065
nf
or

5 10.5 16 21.5 27 32.5 38 43.5 49 54.5 60

⎛ lbf ⎞
W_S ⎜―― 2 ⎟
ma

⎝ ft ⎠
tio
n.

385

350
Cr
385
ea
350
te
d
315
wi

280
PBHP_1 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))
th

245

PBHP_2 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))

PT

210
C

175 PBHP_3 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))

Ma

140
PBHP_4 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))
th

105
ca

70
PBHP_5 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))
d

35
Ex
pr

5 10.5 16 21.5 27 32.5 38 43.5 49 54.5 60

⎛ lbf ⎞
es

W_S ⎜―― 2 ⎟
⎝ ft ⎠
s.
Se
ew
ww
.m

510
at

470
hc

430
ad

390
PBHP_SL_1 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))
. co

350

310
PBHP_SL_2 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))
m

270

PBHP_SL_3 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))

fo

230
rm

190
PBHP_SL_4 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))
150
or

110
PBHP_SL_5 ((W_S)) ((hpUK ))
ei

70
nf

5 10.5 16 21.5 27 32.5 38 43.5 49 54.5 60

or

⎛ lbf ⎞
W_S ⎜―― 2 ⎟
ma

⎝ ft ⎠
tio
n.
9-calculating the required wing area and horse power
Cr
ea

⎛ lbf ⎞
te

inputs: T_W ≔ T_W_1 ⎜10 ―― ⎟ = 0.1799 V ≔ 150 knot η ≔ 0.8 H=8000ft

d

⎝ ft 2 ⎠
wi

slug
th

ρ0 ≔ 0.002378 ――
ft 3
PT
C

4.2561
slug ⎛ -1 ⎞⎠ slug
ρ ≔ 0.002378 ―― ⎝1 - 0.0000068756 ft ⋅ 8000 ft = 0.0019 ――
Ma

3
ft ft 3
th

T ≔ Wg ⋅ T_W = 359.8229 lbf

ca
d

T⋅V
PBHP ≔ ――= 207.0383 hpUK
Ex

η
PBHP
pr

PBHP_SL ≔ ―――――― = 273.2246 hpUK

⎛ ρ ⎞
es

⎜1.132 ⋅ ―- 0.132⎟
ρ0
s.

⎝ ⎠
Wg 2
S ≔ ――― = 200 ft
Se

lbf
10 ――
ew

ft 2
ww
.m
at
hc
ad
. co
m
fo
rm
or
ei
nf
or
ma
tio
n.