STANDARDS WORK-NORM SHEETS FROM THE

CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY
(for training and education purposes only)

Concrete work
In-situ plain concrete and RC structures
(preliminary and posterior works)
Labour Material
Activity Unit Time-standard
Skill Quantity Product
(hour)
Mixing concrete or mortar, 
m3 2.22 labourer x
drum-mixer feeded manually
Mixing concrete, 
m3 0.38 labourer x
drum mixer and power feeder
Mixing mortar, power mixer m3 0.67 labourer x

Processing reinforcing steel  steel fixer

9.6
at central steel plant t 1.04 reinforcing steel
4.8
(straightening, cutting, bending) labourer
steel fixer
14.2
Fixing reinforcement on site t 1.04 reinforcing steel
7.6
labourer
Processing reinforcing steel and  steel fixer
25.6
fixing reinforcement on site t 1.04 reinforcing steel
12.8
(straightening, cutting, bending, fixing) labourer
steel fixer
Fixing weld steel-mesh  12.3 weld settel-mesh
t 1.04
(manufactured) reinforcement 4.1 reinforcement
labourer
Preparing contraction joint, power saw, 
m 0.18 labourer 0.02 t rubberized asphalt
bitumen joint-sealing
0.02 t rubberized asphalt
Preparing expansion joint, power saw, 
m 0.24 labourer 0.0124 t bitumen
bitumen joint-sealing
0.911 m2 120 bitumen felt
x
See Appendices
 In-situ plain concrete and RC structures
(concreting)
conveyor  elevator, 
crane + 
belt, mixer above  concrete
Manual concrete  Material
Activity Unit below  truck 6m pump Skill
bucket
6 m height height
Time-standard (hour) Quantity Product
Concreting
vertical 
structures m3 5.42 5.19 - 2.83 4.22 lab. 1.01 concretex
(walls, piers,
etc.)
Concreting
slabs, 
m3 3.84 5.62 3.0 3.26 4.65 lab. 1.01 concretex
floor
structures derived
from
Concreting output 
beams,  of pump
ring-beams,
m3 3.16 5.30 - 2.94 4.33 lab. 1.01 concretex
stairs 
and other
structures
Concreting
subbase or 
m3 4.43 - - - - lab. 1.01 concretex
protective
layer
Concreting
subbase or 
protective
layers
processed, 
compacted m3 1.6 lab. 1.01 concretex
and floated
by
power tools
and
equipment
Concrete
subbase
m3 5.69 lab. 1.01 concretex
layer 
below sealing
Recommended number of workers in a concreting team:
manual processing - 8 labourers
conveyor belt - 10 labourers
mixer truck - 5 labourers
crane + concrete bucket - 6 labourers
elevator- 6 labourers
concrete pump with output below 10 m3/hour - 6 labourers
concrete pump with output range 16-30 m3/hour - 16 labourers
concrete pump with output range above 20 m3/hour - 24 labourers
Effective use of pump should be above 50 % (of its nominal output)
x
See Appendices
 Lifting and placing prefabricated
plain concrete and RC structures
Weight of structural element
(unit) Material
Activity Unit Skill
0.5 t 2 t 5t 10 t 20 t 40 t
Time-standard (hour) Quantity Product
Placing front panel, hung
0.25 0.33 0.38 welder
by  piece prefabr.struct.
0.25 0.33 0.38 - - - fitter 1.01
crane, fixing welded or (unit) element (unit)
0.75 0.99 1.14 labourer
bolted
Placing (sleeve) 0.45 0.58 0.7 welder prefabr.struct.
piece 1.01 pcs
foundation  - 0.9 1.26 1.4 - - fitter element (unit)
(unit) 0.04 m3
block (on blinding) 0.9 1.26 1.4 labourer mortarx
0.52 0.61 1.24 1.38 welder
Placing pier or column, piece prefabr.struct.
0.52 0.61 1.24 1.38 - - fitter 1.01
fixing welded, no grout (unit) element (unit)
1.56 1.83 3.72 4.14 labourer
Placing RC beam, lintel
0.13 0.52 0.6 1.23 2.67 welder
or  piece prefabr.struct.
0.13 0.52 0.6 1.23 2.67 - fitter 1.01
joist, fixing welded, no (unit) element (unit)
0.39 1.56 1.8 3.87 8.01 labourer
grout
Placing floor- or roof- 0.14 0.3 0.44 0.6 welder prefabr.struct.
piece 1.01 pcs
piece, 0.14 0.3 0.44 0.6 - - fitter element (unit)
(unit) 0.012 m3
fixing welded, no grout 0.42 0.9 1.32 1.8 labourer mortarx
Placing other elements  0.33 welder prefabr.struct.
piece 1.01 pcs
(arms of stairs,  0.33 fitter element (unit)
(unit) 0.01 m3
moulding, balcony, attic) 0.99 labourer mortarx
Grouting fixing joints m3 9.73 labourer 1.05 concretex
Remarks: Recommended number of workers in a fitting team is 5 workers
In case of non-welded joints "welders" are to be read as labourers
x
See Appendices