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Module 4 Learning Tasks

MMT208 – Calculus

Name: GUEN F. BALDOMAR Date: February 13, 2022_

A. Find the Antiderivatives (3pts each, show your process)

3
6
1. ∫ (𝑥 4 − 5𝑥 4 − 𝑥4 ) 𝑑𝑥
Solution:
3 6
∫ 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 5𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 − ∫ 𝑑𝑥
𝑥4
3
𝑥 4+1 𝑥 4+1 𝑥 −4+1
− (5) − (6) +𝐶
3 4+1 −4 + 1
4 + 1
7
𝑥4 𝑥5 𝑥 −3
−5 −6 +𝐶
7⁄4 5 −3
4 1 1
𝑥4 − 𝑥5 − 2 5 + 𝐶
7 𝑥

2. ∫(4𝑠 + 3)(𝑠 − 5) 𝑑𝑠
Solution:
∫ 4𝑠 2 − 17𝑠 − 15

4 ∫ 𝑠 2 𝑑𝑠 − 17 ∫ 𝑠 𝑑𝑠 − ∫ 15 𝑑𝑠
𝑠 2+1 𝑠 1+1
(4) − (17) − 15𝑠 + 𝐶
2+1 1+1
𝑠3 𝑠2
4 − 17 − 15𝑠 + 𝐶
3 2
4 3 17 2
𝑠 − 𝑠 − 15𝑠 + 𝐶
3 2

3. ∫ 𝑥 2 (𝑥 − 1)2 𝑑𝑥
Solution:
∫ 𝑥 2 (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 1) 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥

∫ 𝑥 4 𝑑𝑥 − 2 ∫ 𝑥 3 𝑑𝑥 + ∫ 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
 𝑥 4+1 𝑥 3+1 𝑥 2+1
− (2) + +𝐶
4+1 3+1 2+1
𝑥5 𝑥4 𝑥3
−2 + +𝐶
5 4 3
5 4
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥3
− + +𝐶
5 2 3

4. ∫(5 cos 𝑥 − 4 sin 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

Solution:
5 ∫ cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 4 ∫ sin 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
5(sin 𝑥) − 4(− cos 𝑥) + 𝐶
5 sin 𝑥 + 4 cos 𝑥 + 𝐶

5. ∫(4 csc 𝑥 cot 𝑥 − 2 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

Solution:
2 ∫ 𝑐𝑥𝑐 𝑥 cot 𝑥 𝑑𝑥 − 2 ∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
4(− csc 𝑥) − 2 tan 𝑥 + 𝐶
−4 csc 𝑥 − 2 tan 𝑥 + 𝐶

B. Find the following antiderivatives using u −substitution. (3pts each, show

your process)

1. ∫ 2𝑥 2 (4 + 3𝑥 3 )4 𝑑𝑥
Solution:
𝑢 = 4 + 3𝑥 3
𝑑𝑢 = 9𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 = 2
9𝑥

𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑢4 2𝑥 2 ( )
9𝑥 2
2
∫ 𝑢4 𝑑𝑢
9
2 𝑢5
( )( ) + 𝐶
9 5
2 (4 + 3𝑥 3 )5
( )( )+𝐶
9 5
2(4 + 3𝑥 3 )5
∮ +𝐶
45
2. ∫(2𝑦 − 1)6 𝑑𝑦
Solution:
𝑢 = 2𝑦 − 1
𝑑𝑢 = 2𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 =
2

𝑑𝑢
∫ 𝑢6 ( )
2
1 𝑢7
( )( ) + 𝐶
2 7
𝑢7
+𝐶
14
(2𝑦 − 1)7
∮ +𝐶
14

3
3. ∫ √16𝑛2 − 8𝑛 + 1 𝑑𝑛
Solution:
3 2
∫ √(4𝑛 − 1)3 𝑑𝑛
𝑢 = 4𝑛 − 1
𝑑𝑢 = 4 𝑑𝑛
𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑛 =
4

1 2
∫ 𝑢3 𝑑𝑢
4
2
1 𝑢3+1
( )( )+𝐶
4 2+1
3
1 3 5
( ) ( 𝑢3 ) + 𝐶
4 5
3 5
∮ (4𝑛 − 1)3 + 𝐶
20

𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 3√𝑡
4. ∫ 𝑑𝑡
√𝑡
Solution:
3 2√𝑡
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑢 = 3√𝑡 , 𝑑𝑢 = 𝑑𝑡 , 𝑑𝑡 = 𝑑𝑢
2√𝑡 3
 2√𝑡
𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑢 3
∫
√𝑡
2
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑥 𝑢
3
2
∫ 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 𝑢
3
2
tan 𝑢 + 𝐶
3
2
tan(3√𝑡) + 𝐶
3

cos 𝑥
5. ∫ 𝑑𝑥
(1+sin 𝑥)5
Solution:
∫(cos 𝑥)(1 + sin 𝑥)−5 𝑑𝑥
𝑢 = 1 + sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑢 = cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑢
𝑑𝑥 =
cos 𝑥

∫ 𝑢−5 𝑑𝑢
𝑢−5+1
+𝐶
−5 + 1
𝑢−4
+𝐶
−4
(1 + sin 𝑥)−4
+𝐶
−4
1
∮− +𝐶
4(1 + sin 𝑥)4

C. Find the value of the following definite integrals. (3pts each, show your
process)

1
1. ∫1 𝑥 2 cos 𝑥 𝑑𝑥
Solution:
𝑥 2+1 1
[( )(sin 𝑥)]|
2+1 1
 𝑥3 1
[( )(sin 𝑥)]|
3 1

𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡:
(1)3
( )(sin 1)
3
(0.3333)(0.0175) = 0.0058

𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡:
(1)3
( )(sin 1)
3
(0.3333)(0.0175) = 0.0058

𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 − 𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡

0.0058 − 0.0058 = 0

4
2. ∫−4 √16 − 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
Solution:
𝑥 = 4 sin 𝑥
𝑑𝑥 = 4 cos 𝑥
√16 − (4 sin 𝑥)2 𝑑𝑥

√16 − (16 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥) 𝑑𝑥

√16(1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 )𝑑𝑥

√16 cos 2 𝑥 𝑑𝑥

4
(4 cos 𝑥)|
−4

𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡:
4 cos 4 = 3.9903

𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡:
4 cos −4 = 3.9903

𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 − 𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡

3.9903 − 3.9903 = 0
 2
3. ∫0 (3 − √4 − 𝑡 2 ) 𝑑𝑡
Solution:
𝑥 = 2 sin 𝑡
𝑑𝑥 = 2 cos 𝑡
3𝑡 − √4 − (2 sin 𝑡) 2

3𝑡 − √4 − 4 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑡

3𝑡 − √4(1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑡)

3𝑡 − √4 cos 𝑡

2
(3𝑡 − 2 cos 𝑡)|
0
𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡:
3(2) − 2 cos 2 = 6 − 1.9988 = 4.0012

𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡:
( )
3 0 − 2 cos 0 = 0 − 2 = −2

𝑈𝑝𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡 − 𝐿𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡

4.0012 − (−2) = 4.0012 + 2 = 6.0012

D. Trigonometric Substitution (6 pts)

𝑑𝑥
1. 𝐸𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑒 ∫ 2 √9−𝑥2
𝑥
Solution:
−𝜋 𝜋
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑥 = 3 sin 𝜃 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 ≤𝜃≤
2 2
𝑑𝑥 = 3 sin 𝜃 𝑑𝜃

3 cos 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
∫
(3 sin 𝜃)2 (3 cos 𝜃
𝑑𝜃
∫
9 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃

𝐼𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒:
1
∫ 𝑑𝜃
9 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
1 1
∫ 𝑑𝜃
9 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃
 1
∫ 𝑐𝑠𝑐 2 𝜃 𝑑𝜃
9
1
(− cot 𝜃) + 𝐶
9

3
x

𝜃
√9 − 𝑥 2

𝑜 𝑎 √9 − 𝑥 2
tan 𝜃 = , 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 cot 𝜃 = =
𝑎 𝑜 𝑥
𝑆𝑢𝑏𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑡𝑒:
1 √9 − 𝑥 2
(− )+𝐶
9 𝑥

√9 − 𝑥 2
− +𝐶
9𝑥