CLAS6-XI HYSICS

MIND MIAP + [oRMULAS

ELECTRO5TATIG5 r lenn 1exan
1Coulonmb's Law 2,1-4xI NRC} b=B25X1o CNm
,0, 4RE. 412 ANt
wheve é 16 pemittivity of medium
2 Kelative emittiwity ()Dr helecbie éonctant lk)

Elecric Field (E):

E F-4E 6I nit =Vai,Dimencin-MLT°AJ
E E E
Due taint nEM i6 vAlid tor
naMss Thesrem is based
thau ELECTRIC FIELD| anbia u tlosed surtce DFh hApe
Dncl for any hneral havg
t h e inVEYSe 49Hare (E) distibairm
e Drue Dh
dependence m 4iltane
Cntained in culmbs
law a
dibde
Eh L-PXE
PESin
IH region I lh rem
regim I
E- E- E=o
E
Fielda duçg St
winfeinitely lovq totaChaes
qnu
N

The chrane q carin

in biomsgo includes,
SAUSS5 HEOkEK theum All hages Iocaltd
P-E4-4f ihywhere Mslaethe ctosed
Suae yn

E-
EAto41 EReoR
 VL Ve V=O

ditpot g Point
Du to Lquatprial Ah

satit chea
ELECTRIC POTENTIAL(V) PEa 6yslem of3
tential Enegnt V ,5IUnit=volt thvee point chavaes
ystem pftwe poirdt chazgeg,
Ml,A25
At41 Keelectvilcaltatimfreld with Y23

VLpos E=
AxEo R
r n A R e , V = L

(For r>k) (Forr-k) (For r<r)

ERUIPDTENTIALSURFACE
No work is cpne, în (Sqme electric Þötential at everY Eleatric field is always mrvma
hmpving a test charqe point on i ) tthe equipõtential Surface
Oversh equitpotèntiafsurlhce at everypeint

Ave Clpser Toqcther in the, Tegivns bf strong tield

aha farthex apait in the Tegions Weäktield

Cp Ct2 t03t.--
C-46R ++t
Disetted Sphtidr
tn
Combinati
banle ona heries
Laacihn l CAPACITANCE)
RV ElEit usetibility -P
Didezbig lanat 1 Ünit-favad F) and 4helatin btwesn E
and4elative peamtbmtppimensibn =
[M-'L}T4A||**"
K-1+X

C-t = CoA.-klo
StCaopcritaer d
U-LCvLRV
Ftd u EEngy density)
 CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Kesistiwty of mMEtd DRET VELOCITY
Vd=-eEET
Tem Coefluent of resiBtante
Hcreases with incre0se =K2-R,A
Tn tempeilure h Nilh
Curen
Mobilty
K e l a i m
M I

t-oc and ttc

KRtt)
I-heAV4 E

HeTA
4RL
V-E-I X

EME INTERNAL NES15TA NCE, Daring hanis V-£+Ta

V-4Iuring dischaTERMINAL orENTIALDFFERENGE cellP
E,randV

Cor-bination Df CellsinSeries And parlel

Cells n benius:ten =Eit2 and q=hythz
Cells in pamlel: Ee éitathu, ie-ahe
h tiz je,
onditim tor maximum CArent from a 6erits COrbinAlim i l n g
Rt1
nditin r maximuM Cwvnt fom a palel combinalim
T-_m
Rt mKt
Toudes lan of hoating-: KIRCHHOFFs AW
H-IR
Fst law 2-0(Dasadvi Conservalim o
P-VI IR- Secomd law E I R Charae
1kwh 3txIbT (Baged on law o Conservalien
WHEATSTDNE BRIDbE METER brIcmE
7 S=R{100-)

OTENTIOMETER
fotpntial qndient f patentomeberwire k=y
Dr mEAsuina ml1a resisance ot a-Goll
r-2xR
For camtaring tmfs of e tells &z-
 MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT
AND MAGINETiSM

B-MI
EHT(5in tSinde
Mapnetin iclad eu Conator
lenqth1
MAA

J BIOTSAVART LAW
logicliatigd
al/
d8-4 TdlSin

axidl MaA
hecenbe oint fa
Df
civc B-MoIF
E-MT
tinsua,
Atecs Ciraital law
$B-I Magrebe Aiell inside a toridal
Sutenid, B-unL
Zero oMtside theTorvid

Mapebie fill due t strnigt sdenid

Inside the Srlnold) At either end of sulenoid)
.orte om A. chang mving ith velotity v+ în A maghtue tteld at an
Angl with i t i
FqyBSing
en a- perpendicldar mapekefiold, bhe charqe -fpllws a tirwavtah
AV -my2 4h=my U

T-Z nd f-4E
rae allbws heieal path
.When Vmakes avak 0 with E
T2TvLosS
teh ohelix > h=VLps®x
KE gunad by an elihen men aeeleated 1agh a aleatial
Attoonae V M
Torce ona Cnrent carnying onductor in magicieFela
F BSine
orce belween aallel turrent LAving wires
F=Al,I
TDrue 0n a turrent ooina hagetic -Pield
L=NIBA 4in& mBSine
M=NIA =M1agclic dtpele nioment f the Cunent loop

KO
NBA
-NEA
Umerit
NEA
LHnent LMOVING CDIL GALVANOMETER

NEA)
k
Detectchnentina veult SeEnStstivita
2 {V-NEA
KR

BasialMZm DntheAxid line) Bequ = (0nthe egnatavd line

4T,3 orbit
.Onbita magnetic momenl bE An eleclawn in mth
M=n[h Me is mas of elezi
ARMe
of An dezlren în tiret orbit
is the
Eehr magnelon Me maanelie mMPent
-eh U
ATm
AtSAt pres
pres
ATequalo

AKTH' IMAGNEIC FIELD

lompneny
Ev tanS
omViphenaBy=
tia
ls BSin
5HBJBAtEv
 ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
AND ALTERNATING CURRENT

.Maqnetiofwx e=BACs-BA Avernge induced ermf£--Ne-t

maueed cnrent,I=El
Fndezd enf.E= -N4t
v pendi
pep
comdualor of enqth moving with
l velbcity Chlarn
Efinduced in a

ield B,Blv Yotating at its

belween the wo tnds of huod
mantd, mf Aeveloped
end in perpehdicnlar magnetie tiela,£ =LBlw
one
mduel emf in 'a kotating Col
> E . 5in ot, where t=NBAo, d=zrt
MaximAm induced Crenb,
LNA =AL
-Ldr where n=N
d 1OM3

TNDuUTION Self and Matual)|

Mtwonallosely.indue|Jt-gma
indused Wond solchoidso
M
M-MNNEA =M1,AL
where -N,
or an At Aenera Lr,
1lux linke d=NEA Cos
£ =E, 5in o
2 anlenemus înduLed emf,
aximum indued em t= NEA
4 ILAnbeneous CureI-T. Sin t
5Maximum tnvren I,- NEA
R
 TI, Sina Iv-2-De631T Lrms2 =LT)
D1011
valu RMS
ALTERNATINT CURRENT(T)

Dr At Cirit containing inaluetor ly br AtCinait conlainin capaci

(D nducive 9heatlänce X=olL-2nL (i) Capabitive veazlance X
ii)Carentambltade W

Ciii) EffeaEe Cumgnb XL L

Lrims Zms
(ti)Eoli ve Cmvent
XL L
Zrms ms Zms o
X NZ-1 wc
Series L-R Cirnit Series CR-Lireuit
i) mpedence Z=\R+X-JR+uA () mpedmce R
(i) Chrren msZms (1 nrent Irms |rm
Z
iitank- XL LL -

aaaerems CurventI- bint) ti) santerens

(iv)
I - I Sin (wt tP)

SERIES LCR Liruit

civeuit
y lmpene of a berics LCR K
DZJE(X-X)-JR*|D (Eandwidh --W-2A
(lid beeen Cwiur and voltage
RANSFOKMER
2-Decondary
tni) Kesmaint frequeney (XL-Xe) I2 NI Timar
LC Oltput we
-DupuE powx joo°"
Inpnt pwer