"r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓmP 1

"r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓmP

\
uk d , f a &;tw¬ K yÜ w d å t usOf ;
2 ukd,fa&;tw¬KyÜwdåtusOf;
 "r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓmP 3

"r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓP

\
uk d , f a &;tusOf ;

1/ bGJUawmftrnf - "r®0d[m&D OD;ÓP

2/ crnf;awm?f r,fawmftrnf - OD;jr'if? a':vS'Gef;
3/ arG;ouú&mZf - 1300-jynhfESpf? e,kefvqef; (3) &uf?
t*FgaeY? ( 31 - 5 - 1938 )
4/ arG;zGm;&mZmwd - acgif;uGJaus;½Gm? NrdKifNrdKUe,f? yckuúLc½dkif?
rauG;wdkif;?
5/ omoemhabmif0ifaomausmif;- eE´m&mrausmif;?
acgif;uGJtaemuf½Gmawmifausmif;?
6/ ½SifomraP0wfonhfESpf - 1314 - ckESpf? e,kefvuG,f?
(touf 14-ESpfausmf 15-ESpft0if) (1952- ckESpf? ZGefv)
7/ &[ef;cHonhfESpf - 1319 - ckESpf?
8/ OyZÑ,fq&mawmftrnf - q&mawmf OD;ynm
(eE´m&mrausmif;)?
9/ &[ef;abmif0ifaomausmif;-eE´m&mrausmif;?
acgif;uGJtaemuf½Gmawmifausmif;
10/ &[ef;'um - r,fawmf a':vS'Gef;
11/ pmoifcJhaomausmif;rsm;ESihf q&mawmfrsm;
- rEÅav; rpdk;&drfausmif;wdkuf - em,uq&mawmfrsm;?
4 ukd,fa&;tw¬KyÜwdåtusOf;

- rEÅav;rdk;aumif;ausmif;wkduf
- a';0ef;ausmif;q&mawmf?
- a0,HbHkomwdkuf - q&mawmf OD;uvsmP?
- awmiforefausmif;wdkuf
- awmiforefq&mawmf- t&Sifauo0gbd0Ho?
12/ awm&aqmufwnfcJhonhfESpf - oufawmf (25) ESpf?
(&[ef; 5-0g)rS txuf
13/ 0gqdkcJhaomausmif;rsm; - eE´m&mrausmif;?
acgif;uGJtaemuf½Gmawmifausmif;
-rEÅav; rpdk;&drfausmif;wdkuf- *E¦"l&e,lya'oausmif;
- rEÅav; rdk;aumif;ausmif;wdkuf - a';0ef;ausmif;?
- a&pBudKNrdKUe,f? &Sifrawmift&yfawmausmif;?
- t½Gufra~uGawm&ausmif; (acgif;uGJaus;½GmteD;)
- rif;uGef; pHawmfrlawmifawm&?
- rif;uGef; a½Tjrifwifawmifawm&?
- ta½SU½dk;rtajc aiGawmifawm&?
- ta½SU½dk;r rdk;aygufusacsmifawm&?
- &efuif;awmifajc? tEkyg'gef,Ofaus;rI? rdk;jymjcH?
- "r®0d[m&m&mr? jrO,smOf(rdk;jymjcH)?ajrmufOuúvmy? &efukef?
14/ t&d,opömudk pwifodjrifazmfxkwfcJhaom ae&m
- rauG;wdik ;f a'oBuD;? yckuLú c½kid ?f NrKid Nf rKUd e,f?
acgif;uGaJ us;&Gm teD;? t&Gurf a<uawm&ausmif;
15/ t&d,opömudk pwifodjrifazmfxkwfcJhaom ckESpf -1329 ckESpf?
1967 - ckESpf?
16/ edAÁme'DyeDb,fvJ pmrlMurf;a&;NyD;aom ckESpf
 "r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓmP 5

- 1334 ckESpf? e,kefv?

1972 - ckESpf? arv? (oufawmf - 34-ESpf)
17/ rdvdE´yÓ§0w¬Kb,fvJ pmrlMurf;a&;NyD;aom ckESpf
- 1334 - ckESpf? oDwif;ußGwfv?
- 1972 - ckESpf? Edk0ifbmv? (oufawmf - 35-ESpf)
18/ 0dok'¨dr*fb,fvJ pmrlMurf;a&;NyD;aom ckESpf
- 1335 - ckESpf? yxr0gqdkv?
- 1973 - ckESpf? Zlvdkifv? (oufawmf - 35-ESpf)
19/ "r®ylZm pmrlMurf;a&;NyD;aom ckESpf
- 1342 - ckESpf? uqkefv? 1980 - ckESpf? arv?
(oufawmf - 42-ESpf)
20/ EdkifiHawmfoHCr[mem,utzGJUxH (38) rsufESmyg
omoema&; avSsmufxm;vTm wifjyaomckESpf
- 22 - 4 - 1981 (oufawmf - 43-ESpf)
21/ omoema&;avSsmufxm;vTmwGif t"duwifjycJhaomtcsufrsm;
(1) b0tjrifrSm; - aoNyD;aemuf jzpfESihf rjzpf tjrifrsm;
(rdpmä'|d )d
(2) avmutjrifrSm; - ½kyf?emrfavmu NrJESihf rNrJ tjrifrsm;
(ed,wrdpmä'd|d) azmfjyyg tjrifrSm; ESpfyg;udkz,f&Sm;ay;yg&ef
avSsmufxm;jcif;/
22/ ax&0g' oHCmtjzpfudk pGefYvTwfaomaeY (odkYr[kwf)
"r®0d[m&D aMujimpmwrf;xkwfjyefNyD; "r®0d[m&DbGJUtrnf
cH,laomaeY (odkYr[kwf)t0ga&mif0wf½HkrS tjyma&mif0wf½HkodkY
ajymif;vJ0wfqifaomaeY
- 1344- ckESpf? jymodkvjynhfausmf (13) &uf?
6 ukd,fa&;tw¬KyÜwdåtusOf;

( 10 -2 - 1983 ) n (10;30) em&D?

oufawmf (45) ESpft½G,f??
rif;vGifjcH? ykPÖm;ukef;aus;½Gm?
ykodrfBuD;NrdKUe,f? rEÅav;wdkif;?
23/ "r®0d[m&Dq&mawmfonf bmoma&;,HkMunfcsufrwlnDrItay:
taMumif;jyKNyD; yxrtMudrf axmif(5)ESpf? 'kwd,tBudrf
axmif(10)ESpf? wwd,tBudrf axmif (20) ESpf rw&m;tcs
cHc&hJ onf/
24/ "r®0d[m&Dq&mawmfonf ,cktcg rkd;&moDESifh aqmif;&moDrSm
t&d,"r®O,smOf? Zvyfaxmfqnf taemufawmifapmif;?
yJcl;NrdKU? yJcl;wdkif;a'oBuD;/
aEG&moDrSm aEGpH&mt&d,"r®O,smOf pkd;rkd;tkdif&GmteD;
jyifO;D vGijf rKd Ye,f?rEÅav;wkid ;f a'oBu;D ü
oDwif;oHk;ae&ygonf/

q&mawmfudk,fwdkif raerem; a&;om;jyKpkcJhonfh

t&d,opöm"r®usrf;jrwfwdkrSm
1/ "r®0[ d m&De'd gef;
2/ "r®yZl m
3/ omrnoabmw&m;usrf;
4/ vlY*kPf&nfodu©mvrf;nTef bk&mh w&m; r[mayg|u
5/ bk&m;
6/ "r®
7/ ÓPuxm (y+ 'k + w)
8/ awmpum; awmifpum;
 "r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓmP 7

9/ opömav;yg;ESifhuif;aom w&m;r&Sd
10/ o'¨r®oHk;jzm (y+ 'k)
11/ edAÁmefESifh ,aeYAk'¨bmom
12/ t&d,a0g[m&w¬uxm
13/ "r®uxm
14/ wPSm&Sif;wrf;
15/ vli,fwpfa,muftar;? &SifÓP tajz
16/ Ak'¨\ avmutjrif
17/ rdpäm 'd|d? or®m'd|d
18/ *sdef;uHeJY Ak'¨uH
19/ t&d,opöuxm
20/ t&d,a0g[m& aÚ,s "r®w¬uxmusrf;
21/ Ak'¨bk&m;omoemESifh jrefrmjynf
22/ ypöKyÜefur®0g' Ak'¨bmom ed'gef;
23/ Ak'¨bmom0ifwpfa,muftwGuf ñTefMum;csuf
24/ ouúm,rS or®m'd|dodkY
25/ rdvdE´myO§m0w¬Kb,fvJ
26/ 0dok'd¨r*f b,fvJ
27/ edAÁme'DyeD b,fvJ
28/ zmvHkaumif; b,fvJ
29/ vGwfvyfaomol
30/ pdypf yd t
f jzmjzm Oyg'geu©Em¨
31/ trSefodvdkolrsm;twGufom
32/ aygif;oif;qufqH vrf;pOfrSef
33/ "r®0d[m&D (25) ESpfjynfh aiG&wkylZm
8 ukd,fa&;tw¬KyÜwdåtusOf;

jrpfBuD;em; tusOf;axmifxJrSm a&;om;cJhaom pmtkyfrsm;

34/ aMumuf&GHU jcif;rS vGwfajrmufjcif;
35/ vlYavmuESifhw&m;rQw
36/ vrf;ESpfoG,f yef;ESpfoG,f ÓP'óe
37/ vlYavmutwGuf vrf;opfyef;opf
38/ vGwfvyfNidrf;csrf;vlom;vrf;(y+'k wGJ)
39/ bmhaMumifh uREfkyfax&0g' r[kwfwJhAk'¨bmomjzpfoGm;&ovJ/
(y+'k wGJ)
40/ a½S;jzpfa[mif; jyefajymif; atmufarh(ac:)
ÓPb0 'óepum;rsm;/ (y+'k+w+p+r wGJ)
41/ tAsmuw jyóemrsm;
42/ vlYtrSew f &m;
43/ tar;axGjym; tajzpum;
45/ Ak'¨bk&m;ESifht&d,"r®ukd jyefvnfawGY½Sdjcif;
Zvyfaxmfqnf taemufawmifapmif;? t&d,"r®O,smOfrSma&;
46/ t&d,m nTefjycsufpum;rsm; (a&;aeqJ)

47/ "r®0d[m&Dq&mawmfBuD;onf bmoma&;,HkMunfcsuf rwlnDrI

tay: taMumif;jyKNyD; yxrtMudrf axmif(5)ESpf?'kwd,tBudrf
axmif(10)ESpf? wwd,tBudrf axmif (20) ESpf rw&m;tcs
cHcJh&NyD; jrwfAk'¨\t&d,opömomoemtwGuf cufcJMurf;wrf;
pGmb0ukdjzwfoef;&aomfvnf; ,cktcg oufawmf(81)ESpf½Sd
onftxd usef;usef;rmrmeJY reuf(1)em&D nae(1)em&D jzwf
jzwfvwfvwf vrf;avQmufvQuf rdrdESifhwuG avmuBuD;ukd
rsuaf jcrjywf apmifah ½SmufaevQuf ½Syd gaMumif; today;tyfygonf/
 "r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓmP 9

"r ®0d[m&Dq&mawmft½SifÓP
\
uk d , f a &;tw¬ K yÜ w d å t usOf ;

"r®0d[m&D q&mawmf OD;ÓPeJY y&dowfudk a&S;OD;pGm rdwfquf

ay;csifygw,f? y&dowfrsm;taeeJY "r®0d[m&D q&mawmf OD;ÓPeJY
ywfoufNy;D rrSeu f efwhJ today;csu&f xm;vdYk acgif;xJrmS odcsiaf ewmawG
odp&mawGvnf; &Sad umif; &SEd ikd yf gw,f? 'gaMumifh "r®0[ d m&D q&mawmf
OD;ÓPeJY y&dowfudk rdwfqufay;&jcif; jzpfygw,f/
"r®0d[m&D q&mawmf OD;ÓPeJY pyfvdkY odcsifp&mawGu
"r®0d[m&
]"r® m&D}qdkwm bmvJ? b,fvdk yk*¾dKvfrsdK;vJ? b,fwkef;u
w&m;odjrifw,fvdkY 0efcHajym qkdcJhwmvJ? olYb0wpfavQmufvHk;
bmawGvkyfvdkY bmawGjzpfaewmvJ qkdwmawGudk ar;csif jref;csif
odcsiMf uygvdrrhf ,f? 'gawGuykd J y&dowfeYJ rdwqf ufay;vdu k yf gw,f/
10 ukd,fa&;tw¬KyÜwdåtusOf;

"r®0d[m&D} qdkwm t½dk;&Sif;qHk;ajym&if ]w&m;eJ

]"r® w&m;eJYyJaeol} vdkY
t"dyÜm,f&Sdygw,f? ]w&m; ]w&m;}qdkwmawGu rw&m;wm rrQwwmawG&JU
ajymif;jyef qefYusifbufawGrSeforQ[m w&m;wm rQwwmawGygyJ?
tJ']D w&m;
w&m;}qdw k m a&SmifMuOfp&m 'kp&ku d =f raumif;rGew f t hJ usiq hf ;dk awGukd
a&SmifMuOfNyD; aqmifp&m okp&kduf= aumif;rGefwJhtusifh rQwwJhtusifh
awGukd aqmifaewmygyJ/
a&SmifMuOfp&m raumif;rGefwJhtusifhqkd;awGqdkwmu uHocFg&
w&m;awGyJ? aqmifp&m aumif;rGefwJhtusifh rQwwJhtusifhawGqdkwmu
tJ'D uHocFg&w&m;awGukd a&SmifMuOfvYkdjzpfwhJ 0docFg&w&m;awGy?J 'Dawmh
uHocFg&w&m;awG[m rw&m;wm rrQwwmawGbJ? rw&m;wm
rrQwwmawGjzpfvdkY tJ'D uHocFg&w&m;awGudk vla&SmifMuOf&wmyJ?
vla&SmifMuOf&rSmawGudk ra&SmifMuOf&if vlYtokdif;t0kdif; vlYtzGJYtpnf;
vlom;avmuBuD; wpfckvHk; b,fawmhrS Nidrf;csrf; om,mrI rjzpfbl;/
a&SmifMuOfp&mawGudk a&SmifMuOf½Hkav;rQeJY rNyD;ao;bl;?
vlaqmifp&m aumif;rGefwJhtusifh rQwwJhtusifhjzpfwJh 0docFg&
w&m;awGudkvnf; aqmifygrS vlYtodkif;t0dkif; vlYtzGJUtpnf;
vlom;avmuBu;D [m Nird ;f csr;f om,m jzpfvrd rhf ,f? tJ'v D jkdzpfvmzdYk "r®0[ d m&D
q&mawmf OD;ÓPu a&SUoGm;acgif;aqmif pHjyyk*Kd¾ vt f jzpfeYJ rw&m;wm
rrQwwmawGudk a&SmifMuOfNyD; w&m;wm rQwwmawGudk aqmifNyD;
aejyoljzpfvdkY ]"r® "r®0d[m&D} vkdYac:ygw,f/
"r®0[d m&D q&mawmfukd aumZmESpf (1300) jynfEh pS ?f e,kev f qef;
(3) &uf? c&pfESpf (1938) ckESpf? arv (31) &uf? t*FgaeYrSm
ta&SUawmiftm&S? tmpD,aH 'owGi;f Edik if ?H jrefrmEdik if aH wmf? rauG;wdik ;f a'oBu;D ?
yckuúLc½dkif? NrdKifNrdKUe,f? acgif;uGJaus;&Gmae OD;jr'if+a':vS'Gef;wdkYrS
arG;zGm;cJyh gw,f/
 "r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓmP 11

(1943) ckESpfrS (1952)ckESpfxd q&mawmf touf(5)ESpfom;

t&G,frS(14)ESpfom; t&G,fxd ausmif;om;b0jzifh eE´m&mr&GmOD;
ausmif;q&mawmf OD;ynmxHrSm bkef;awmfBuD;oifynmudk oifMum;
qnf;yl;cJyh gw,f/
aumZmESpf (1314)ckEpS f e,kev f uG,af eY? c&pfEpS f (1952) ckEpS f
ZGevf rSm eE´m&mr&GmOD;ausmif;q&mawmf OD;ynmudk OyZösm,fjyKNy;D &Sio f mraP
b0tjzpfa&mufcyhJ gw,f? tJ'ED pS rf mS yJ jrefrmEdik if aH wmf? rEÅav;wdik ;f a'oBu;D ?
rEÅav;c&dkif? rEÅav;NrdKU rpdk;&drfausmif;wdkufodkY pmayy&d,wåd
oifMum;qnf;yl;&ef ajymif;a&GUaexdik cf yhJ gw,f/
aumZmESpf (1320) ckESpf e,kefvqef; (3)&uf? c&pfESpf
(1958)ckEpS f arv(20)&uf? t*FgaeYrmS eE´m&mr&GmOD;ausmif; q&mawmf
OD;ynmudk OyZösm,fjyKí &[ef;b0tjzpf a&mufcJhygw,f/
(1952)ckESpfrS (1962)ckESpfxd rEÅav;NrdKU? rpdk;&drfausmif;wdkufü
aexdik f oDwif;oH;k um q&mawmf oufawmf(25)ESpx f d rpd;k &draf usmif;wdu
k f
pmcsem,u q&mawmfrsm;? rdk;aumif;ausmif;wdkuf a';0ef;q&mawmf
OD;aZmwdumbd0o H ? a0,Hbo kH mausmif;wdu k f q&mawmf OD;uvsmPmbd0o H ?
awmiforefausmif; wdu k q
f &mawmf OD;auo0gbd0o H wdYkxH i,f? vwf?
BuD;? pmcswef; pmayy&d,wård sm;ukd
oifMum;qnf;yl;cJyh gw,f/
(1962) ckESpfrS (1967) ckESpfxd q&mawmf oufawmf(25)ESpf
&[ef; (5)0g&NyD;rSm jrefrmEdkifiHawmf? rauG;wdkifa'oMuD;? yckuúLc½kdif?
a&pMudKNrdKUe,f? &Sifrawmift&yf awm&ausmif;odkY awmxGufcJhygw,f?
aemuf rauG;wdik ;f a'oBu;D ? yckuLú c½kid ?f NrKd iNf rKd Ue,f? acgif;uGaJ us;&GmteD;
t&Gufra<uawm&ausmif;odkY ajymif;a&GUcJhygw,f? aemuf ppfudkif;wdkif;
a'oBuD;? ppfuikd ;f NrdKUe,f? rif;uGe;f awmif½;dk pHawmfral wmifoYkd ajymif;a&GU
12 ukd,fa&;tw¬KyÜwdåtusOf;

um awm&ausmif;rSmyJ oDwif;oH;k aexdik u f m y#dywåt d vkyu f kd tm;xkwf

aecJyh gw,f/
'Dvdkae&if; wpfaeYrSm udk,fhrSm Nidrf;csrf;aevdkY udk,f& xm;wJh
w&m;udk ud, k wf ikd f ppfaq;Munfrh Nd y;D ud, k &f wJu h , kd af wGUw&m;[m wu,f
w&m;[kwf r[kwf? olrsm;awG w&m;jy&dyfomBuD;i,f wnfaxmifNyD;
w&m;jyaeMuolawG &xm;wJhw&m;ESifh wl rwl EdIif;,SOfjyD;
wdu
k pf pfMunfch sipf w d jf zpfay:vmvdYk jrefrmEdik if rH mS w&m; &w,fvYkd xif½mS ;
ausmfMum;MuwJh q&mawmfawGxHcsOf;uyfNyD; w&m;wdkuf ppfaq;
Munfw h mvnf; vkycf w hJ ,f/
tJ'vD kd wdu k pf pfaq;Munf&h mrSmvnf; &nf&, G cf su(f 3)csuf xm;Ny;D
ar;jref; avQmufxm;cJw h ,f/
(1) tcsufu -]w&m;vk w&m;vkyfief;&JU yef;wdkif bmjzpfw,f}
qdwk mod&wJt h xd ay:zkYd ar;jref;ppfaq;
avQmufxm;r,f/
(2) tcsufu - ]tJ tJ'Dq&mawmfawG&JUa[majymcsufawG[m
Ak'¨a[m ajymcsufa'oem tpOfeJYuGm[
aevQif bmhaMumifhuGm[aeovJ}odatmif
ar;jref;ppfaq; avQmufxm;r,f/
(3) tcsufu -]&v'f &v'fawG[m avmuvlom;vlY tzGJUtpnf;
taeeJ Y b,f v d k t oH k ; usovJ } qkdwm
odatmifar;jref; ppfaq; avQmufxm;r,fvdkY
w&m;&aeMuw,fvdkY
&nf&G,fcsuf xm;NyD; ]w&m;&aeMuw,f
xif&Sm; ausmf Mum; MuwJhq&mawmf} awGxH
csO;f uyfar;jref;cJwh ,f/
tJ'Dtcsuf(3)csufrSm wpfcsufjzpfapç ESpfcsufjzpfap cRwf,Gif;
 "r®0d[m&D q&mawmf t&SifÓmP 13

aewmawGU&if tJ'Dw&m;udk qufrvkyfbl;vdkYvnf; qHk;jzwfxm;w,f?

w&m;vkyfief;&JU yef;wdkif razmfEdkif&ifjzpfjzpfç tJ'Dyef;wdkif[m Ak'¨a[m
ajymcsuaf 'oemtpOfeYJ qefYusiaf e&if jzpfjzpfç vufawGUrsuaf rSmufb0rSm
bmrS toH;k csr&bl;qd&k ifjzpfjzpf rvdv k m;vdYk tJ'vD kd qH;k jzwf&jcif;jzpfw,f/
"r®0d[m&D q&mawmf csOf;uyfNyD;ar;jref;cH&wJh q&mawmf
awGuawmh ppfudkif; y&uúrq&mawmf? ÓPpm*Dq&mawmf? rdk;ukwf
q&mawmf? ausmufoabFmq&mawmf? a0blq&mawmf? oJtif;*l q&mawmf?
oefvsifawm&q&mawmf? awmifwGif;BuD; q&mawmf &SifOuú|?
aMumifyef;awm&q&mawmf awGjzpfygw,f? 'Dq&mawmfawG&xm;vdkY
a[majymwJw h &m;awGukd wdu k pf pf aq;Munfch w hJ ,f/
tJ'Dvdkwdkufppfaq;Munfhwmvkyfawmh ]ol ol w d k Y awG & aeMu
wm[mvnf; w&m;r[kwfovdk udk,f&aewm[mvnf; w&m;
r[kwfbl;}qdkwm odcGifh&cJhw,f? q&mawmf[m ]olrsm;awG& aeMuwm
[mvnf; w&m;r[kwo f vdk ud,k &f aewm[mvnf; w&m; r[kwb f ;l }qdw
k m
odcGifh&oGm;awmh ]w&m;qd w&m;qd k w m bmvJ} odzdkY oHCmawmfawGxH
csO;f uyfar;jref;cJNh yD;NyD/
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