r13 I12b01 Abg 09 Yta00 SPC CD 80006 - Rev00 - Concrete For Marine Works Ts - Tein

Owner:
Owner’s Engineer
EPC
Designer
ABENGOA
PROJECT:
Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Package:
Marine Works
FOR INFORMATION
00 Issue for approval MSB FPMG FBUS/DMTC 21/10/2021
REV DESCRIPTION PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED DATE
Title:
CONCRETE FOR MARINE WORKS TS_TEIN
DOCUMENT No.: R13-I12B01-ABG-09-YTA00-SPC-CD-80006 Rev 00
This document is property of EPC Company. Its total or partial reproduction is strictly forbidden by any means, as well as its distribution to third parties without the express written
consent. Any copy of this document in digital or paper support will be considered a not control copy. The only valid copy is the last one approved located in the document manager
system
This document is property of EPC Company. Its total or partial reproduction is strictly forbidden by any means,
as well as its distribution to third parties without the express written consent. Any copy of this document in
digital or paper support will be considered a not control copy. The only valid copy is the last one approves
located in the document manager tool.
PROJECT:

Owner EPC Contractor Document number: Rev:
R13-I12B01-ABG-09-YTA00-SPC-CD- 00
80006
Owner’s Engineer Designer Document Title: Page
Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

ABENGOA 2 / 82
Revision Record
Description of Modification and
Version Date Section Page
Basis
00 21/010/2021 ALL ALL First submission
This document is property of EPC Company. Its total or partial reproduction is strictly forbidden by any means,
as well as its distribution to third parties without the express written consent. Any copy of this document in
digital or paper support will be considered a not control copy. The only valid copy is the last one approves
located in the document manager tool.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 3 / 82
INDEX
1. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 6
2. SCOPE ..................................................................................................................... 6
3. CODES AND STANDARDS ...................................................................................... 7
4. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................... 11
5. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................... 12

5.1. General ...................................................................................................................... 12
5.2. Units ........................................................................................................................... 13
6. DEFINITION OF THE WORKS TO BE EXECUTED .................................................. 13

6.1. Technical Documentation ........................................................................................... 13
6.2. Particular Project Technical Provisions ....................................................................... 14
7. MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................. 15

7.1. Basic Requirements and Reception of Materials ........................................................ 15
7.2. Cement ...................................................................................................................... 16
7.3. Water ......................................................................................................................... 19
7.4. Aggregate................................................................................................................... 20
7.5. Admixtures and Additions ........................................................................................... 22
7.6. Concretes ................................................................................................................... 22
7.7. Reinforcement Steel ................................................................................................... 25
7.8. Mortars ....................................................................................................................... 27
7.9. Formwork and Elements Embedded in Concrete........................................................ 27
7.10. Anchor Rods and Elements Embedded in Concrete ................................................... 28
7.11. Sealing Joint Materials ............................................................................................... 29
7.12. Concrete Surface Protection and Finishes.................................................................. 29
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 4 / 82
8. GENERAL EXECUTION PROVISIONS .................................................................... 30

8.1. Preparation and Positioning of False Work, Formwork and Molds .............................. 30
8.2. Rebar Preparation and Placement ............................................................................. 33
8.3. Embedded Elements and Anchor Rods (Bolts) ........................................................... 34
8.4. Concrete Mixturing Proportions .................................................................................. 35
8.5. Concrete Manufacture and Transport to the Site ........................................................ 36
8.5.1. General ......................................................................................................................................37
8.5.2. Concrete constituent materials storage ....................................................................................37
8.5.3. Batching equipment ..................................................................................................................37
8.5.4. Mixing equipment ......................................................................................................................38
8.5.5. Raw materials mixturing proportions .........................................................................................39
8.5.6. Transport equipment .................................................................................................................40
8.5.7. Production control .....................................................................................................................41
8.5.8. Delivery and reception ..............................................................................................................43
8.5.9. Concrete not produced at a ready-mixed plant .........................................................................44
8.6. Concrete Pouring ....................................................................................................... 45

8.7. Protection and Curing ................................................................................................. 48
8.8. Construction Joints ..................................................................................................... 49
8.9. Concreting Under Water ............................................................................................. 50
8.10. Concreting In Cold Weather ....................................................................................... 51
8.11. Concreting In Hot Weather ......................................................................................... 53
8.12. Non-Shrink Grout Fill-In Under Seating Plates, Boxes (Recesses) And Sleeves ........ 54
8.13. Execution of Sealing Joints ........................................................................................ 54
8.14. Pile Head Removal (If Applicable) .............................................................................. 55
9. INSPECTION, CONTROL AND TOLERANCES ........................................................ 55

9.1. Concrete Control ........................................................................................................ 55
9.2. Concreting Order Form............................................................................................... 56
9.3. Inspection and Control Prior To Concreting ................................................................ 56
9.4. Concreting Authorization ............................................................................................ 57
9.5. Relation of Concrete Tests To Be Done Before To Start Construction........................ 57
9.5.1. Previous laboratory tests ...........................................................................................................57
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 5 / 82
9.5.2. Strength Characteristics Tests ..................................................................................................61
9.6. Concrete Control Tests............................................................................................... 62

9.7. Appearance Of The Finished Works ........................................................................... 65
9.8. Tolerances ................................................................................................................. 66
10. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT CRITERIA ...................................................... 67

10.1. Definitions .................................................................................................................. 67
10.2. Measurement Criteria ................................................................................................. 69
10.2.1. Concretes ..................................................................................................................................69
10.2.2. Formwork ..................................................................................................................................70
10.2.3. Mesh ..........................................................................................................................................70
10.2.4. Reinforcement ...........................................................................................................................70
10.2.5. Elements embedded in concrete and anchor rods ...................................................................70
10.2.6. Pile head removing ...................................................................................................................71
10.2.7. Formation of cavities in concrete ..............................................................................................71
10.2.8. Mortar for levelling, filling-on boxes and mortar layers for slopes .............................................72
10.2.9. Joints .........................................................................................................................................72
10.2.10. Concrete surface finishes treatment .........................................................................................72
10.2.11. Fill-in for repair of concrete elements ........................................................................................72
10.3. Payment Criteria......................................................................................................... 72

10.3.1. Marking out................................................................................................................................73
10.3.2. Testing.......................................................................................................................................73
10.3.3. Materials ....................................................................................................................................73
10.3.4. Storage ......................................................................................................................................73
10.3.5. Cleaning ....................................................................................................................................73
10.3.6. Labour, equipment and installations .........................................................................................74
10.3.7. Concretes ..................................................................................................................................74
10.3.8. Formwork ..................................................................................................................................74
10.3.9. Welded wire fabric and rebar ....................................................................................................74
10.3.10. Elements embedded in concrete...............................................................................................75
10.3.11. Pile head removal .....................................................................................................................75
10.3.12. Formation of cavities in concrete ..............................................................................................75
10.3.13. Fill-in and levelling mortar .........................................................................................................75
10.3.14. Joints between concrete elements ............................................................................................76
10.3.15. Concrete surface treatment.......................................................................................................76
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 6 / 82
10.3.16. Drilling hardened concrete elements ........................................................................................76
ANNEX 1. LIST OF TEST ............................................................................................ 77
1. INTRODUCTION
This specification establishes the technical requirements for a correct execution of plain and
reinforced concrete structures, including anchor bolts, rods and embedded elements,
requirements for materials, execution, delivery, testing, control, verification, conformity
criteria, tolerances and appearance of the surface finishes for Marine Concrete marine of
the SWRO Desalination plant to the Red Sea Project. This Project is a luxury tourism
development located in the Tabuk Province of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) on a site
area of 28,000km2 with 160km of coastline, located 550km north of Jeddah.
In order to develop the design of the “SWRO Desalination Plant of The Red Sea Project”
from the current engineering, a detailed design of the intake and reject systems has been
carried out. In order to complete such detailed engineering, the present document
summarizes the technical specification of the rock and filling material located covering,
wrapping and protecting the intake and outfall pipelines.
It also establishes the procedures for measurement and payment criteria of construction
works on site.
The Technical Requirements of the Contract shall be taken into account in case they indicate
more restrictive conditions than those specified in this specification.
2. SCOPE
In order to complete such detailed engineering, the present specification is made to cover
the requirements for design, materials, workmanship, testing and construction of reinforced
concrete including:
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 7 / 82
• Seawater intake system structures (ballast weights and barge deadman) and other
miscellaneous items including pre-cast elements of the project.
• Outfall system (ballast blocks).
High-strength Concrete (HAC) f ’ >41 MPa and light-weight concretes are not included in
the scope of this specification.
This Specification is to be read in conjunction with all other Project documentation.
3. CODES AND STANDARDS
Design, materials, workmanship and construction shall be carried out in accordance with the
requirements of internationally recognized codes or standards. These may include, but not
limited to, American Standards (ACI, ASCE, …), British Standards (BS), European Norms
(BS EN) and/or Codes of Practice etc. specifically.
The following Codes and Standards shall be considered as part of these Specifications. It
shall be the Vendor's responsibility to acquire possession of all required Codes and
Standards referenced in this Specification. The latest edition of the codes and national
annexes (for the relevant Eurocodes) shall be referenced.
All material, workmanship, sampling and testing shall comply with the recommendations and
guidelines given in the following standards and codes of practice:
• American Standards
1. ACI Manual for Concrete Practice
2. ACI 117M Specification for Tolerances for Concrete Construction and Materials and Mass
Concrete
3. ACI 214R Guide to Evaluation of Strength Test Results of Concrete
4. ACI 224R Control of Cracking in Concrete. Structures
5. ACI 301M Specifications for Structural Concrete
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 8 / 82
6. ACI 304R Guide for Measuring, Mixing, Transporting, and Placing Concrete
7. ACI 305R Guide to Hot Weather Concreting
8. ACI 306R Cold Weather Concreting
9. ACI 307 Code Requirements of Reinforced Concrete Chimneys
10. ACI 308R Guide to Curing Concrete
11. ACI 308.1 Specification for Curing Concrete
12. ACI 311.4R Guide for Concrete Inspection
13. ACI 315 Manual of Standard Practice for Detailing Reinforced Concrete Structures
14. ACI 316 Recommended Practice for Construction of Concrete Pavements and Concrete
Bass
15. ACI 318M Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary
16. ACI 347 Guide to Formwork for Concrete
17. ACI 350 Environmental Engineering Concrete Structures
18. ACI 351.3R Foundations for Dynamic Equipment
19. ACI 504R Guide for Sealing Joints in Concrete Structures
20. ACI 515.1R Guide to the Use of Waterproofing, Dampproofing, Protective, and
Decorative Barrier Systems for Concrete
21. ACI 546R Guide to Concrete Repair.
22. ASTM A82/A82M Standard Specification for Steel Wire, Plain, for Concrete
Reinforcement
23. ASTM A108 Standard Specification for Steel Bar, Carbon and Alloy, Cold-Finished
24. ASTM A184/A184M Standard Specification for Welded Deformed Steel Bar Mats for
Concrete Reinforcement
25. ASTM A615/A615M Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon-Steel Bars
for Concrete Reinforcement
26. ASTM A775/A775M Standard Specification for Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
27. ASTM C31/C31M Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens
in the Field
28. ASTM C33/C33M Standard Specification for Concrete Aggregates
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 9 / 82
29. ASTM C39/C39M Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical
Concrete Specimens (Note: for information only since compressive strength testing will be
by cube tests in accordance with DIN 1048)
30. ASTM C94/C94M Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed Concrete
31. ASTM C150/C150M Standard Specification for Portland Cement
32. ASTM C172/C172M Standard Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Concrete
33. ASTM C192/C192M Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens
in the Laboratory
34. ASTM C231/C231M Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete
by the
Pressure Method
35. ASTM C295/C295M Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for
Concrete
36. ASTM C494/C494M Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Concrete
37. ASTM C618 Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw or Calcined Natural
Pozzolan for Use in Concrete
38. ASTM C642 Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption, and Voids in Hardened
Concrete
39. ASTM C882/C882M Standard Test Method for Bond Strength of Epoxy-Resin Systems
Used with
Concrete by Slant Shear
40. ASTM C989/C989M Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and
Mortars
41. ASTM C1017/C1017M Standard Specification for Chemical Admixtures for Use in
Producing Flowing Concrete
42. ASTM C1202 Standard Test Method for Electrical Indication of Concrete's Ability to
Resist Chloride Ion Penetration
43. ASTM C1602 Standard Specification for Mixing Water Used in the Production of
Hydraulic Cement Concrete
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 10 / 82
44. ASTM D3963/D3963M Standard Specification for Fabrication and Jobsite Handling of
Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars
45. ASCE 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures
46. ASCE 37 Design Loads on Structures During Construction
• European Standards:
1. BS 6349 2. : Code of practice for Maritime Structures

3. BS 8666:2005 4. : Specifications for scheduling, dimensioning,
bending and cutting of steel reinforcement of
concrete
5. BS 8110 6. : Structural Use of Concrete
7. BS EN 197 8. : Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity
criteria for common cements
9. BS EN 206 10. : Concrete Specification, performance, production
and conformity
11. BS EN 480 12. : Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout – Test
methods
13. BS EN 934 14. : Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout –
Definitions, requirements, conformity, marking and
labelling
15. BS EN 1008 16. : Mixing water for concrete
17. BS EN 1881 18. : Testing concrete
19. BS EN 1992 20. : Design of concrete structures
21. BS EN 8500 22. : Concrete. Complementary British Standard to BS
EN 206 Part 1
23. BS EN 10080:2005 24. : Steel for the reinforcement of concrete. Weldable
reinforcing steel. General
25. BS EN 12350 26. : Testing fresh concrete
27. BS EN 12390 28. : Testing hardened concrete
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 11 / 82
29. BS EN 12504 30. : Testing concrete in structures

31. BS EN 12620:2002 32. : Aggregate for concrete
+A1
33. BS EN 13670:2009 34. : Execution of concrete structures
35. BS EN 15167 36. : Ground granulated blast furnace slag for use in
concrete, mortar and grout
37. BS EN ISO 15630- 38. : Steel for the reinforcement and prestressing of
1:2010 concrete. Test methods. Reinforcing bars, wire rod
and wire
39. BS EN ISO 17760 40. : Permitted Welding Process for Reinforcement
• Guidelines
CIRIA Publication: C660 : Early-age thermal crack control in concrete

Concrete Society Report : Guide to the Design of Concrete Structures in the Arabian
163 (2008) Peninsula
NT BUILD 492 : Concrete, mortar and cement-based repair materials:
Chloride migration coefficient from non-steady-state
migration experiments. NORDTEST method 492,
NORDTEST, Espoo. Finland, 1999
• Project reference documents
- Marine Works Basis of Design
4. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Along the TRS SWRO Desalination Plant Design Project the following symbols and
abbreviations will be used:
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 12 / 82
• ASME: American Society of Mechanical Engineers

• ASTM: American Society for Testing and Materials
• BS: British Standard
• DNV: Det Norske Veritas
• AWWA : American Water Works Association
• IALA: Association Internationale des Services Marins de Navigation et les Autorités
de Signalisation
• ROM: Recomendación de Obras marítimas
• IUS: International Unit System
• BH: Borehole
• ND: Nominal diameter
• MSL: Mean Sea Level
• LAT: Lowest Astronomical Tide
• HAT: Highest Astronomical Tide
• MHHW: Mean Higher High Water
• MLLW: Mean Lower Low Water
• w/c: Water Cement Ratio
• FA: Fine aggregate
• OPC: Ordinary Portland Cement
• MSDS: Material specification Data Sheet
• Company: Marafiq Red Sea for Energy Project
• Contractor: ABENGOA
5. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
5.1. General
The contractor shall comply with the requirements of Project Standards and Specifications
(as a minimum) / international codes / standards acceptable to the COMPANY.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 13 / 82
5.2. Units
International Unit System will be used in every technical document of the project. The
summary table can be checked below:
6. DEFINITION OF THE WORKS TO BE EXECUTED
6.1. Technical Documentation
The works to be executed are defined by the following documents:

- Standard drawings
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 14 / 82
- Specifications
- Items Description and Methods of Measurement
- Bill of Quantities and Pricing tables
All dimensions shall be numerically deduced from the dimensions stated in drawings. In
case of omission or doubt, the Sub-supplier shall request the necessary information, in
written form, from the Construction Site Manager, which shall define them and notify, also
in written form, to the Sub-supplier. Time limits are: 3 days for Sub-supplier after receiving
drawings Approved and 3 days more for Site Manager to answer.
Anything mentioned on the drawings and omitted in the specifications shall be executed as
if it were stated in both documents. In case of contradiction between the specifications and
the drawings, preference shall be given to the drawings unless indicated otherwise by the
Construction Site Manager in written form.
6.2. Particular Project Technical Provisions
The concrete to be used in the Project shall comply with the “General Material
Characteristics Table”, to be specified in drawings, and shall be in accordance with ACI 318-
14.
Concrete shall be identified according to ACI 318-14, which consists of ′ followed by the
characteristic compression strength, in N/mm2.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 15 / 82
7. MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS
7.1. Basic Requirements and Reception of Materials
Prior to using the materials indicated below, the Sub-supplier shall notify the Construction
Site Manager of the sources of constituent materials, identification information and the at-
source values of the characteristics to be controlled and also, the quality assurance stamp
or recognized logo.
The materials referred to in this Article shall be at least the following:
• Cement
• Water
• Aggregate
• Admixtures and additions
• Concretes
• Precast concrete
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 16 / 82
• Reinforcement
• Anchor rods and elements embedded in concrete
• Materials for sealing joints
• Materials for formworks and scaffolding
• Curing materials.
The Sub-supplier shall carry out an onsite materials reception control to permit a first
verification of their suitability and subsequent identification of the position of each entry in
storage as well as when they are installed.
The Construction Site Manager may reject any materials from sources or trademarks whose
products, in his opinion, do not provide sufficient guarantees.
All the ingredients of proposed concrete mix design shall be submitted to Owner / Engineer
for review and approval and prior to that, the sources of proposed materials shall require
Owner / Engineer review and approval.
Field trial concrete mix design shall be submitted for Owner / Engineer review and
witnessing.
If a material is accepted by trade mark, registration or patent, no other similar shall be
accepted without written authorisation from the Construction Site Manager.
All materials to be used at the works shall be subjected to quality verifications and production
controls in accordance with this specification.
The Sub-supplier shall keep all materials required for works execution fully protected against
any deterioration. Any material that is altered because of non-compliance with this clause
or out of standards shall be rejected and removed from the site as soon as possible.
Concrete structures shall be designed for a minimum design life of 50 years.
7.2. Cement
As far as possible, non-special cements shall be used except where indicated otherwise in
the “General Material Characteristics Table” for the Project.
Low hydration heat cement shall be used for foundation slab and pedestals. In case this
cement is not possible to be used in the site, additives shall be used in order to reduce
hydration heat in concrete, with the approval of the Construction Site Manager.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 17 / 82
Sulphate resistant type V cement and added with microsilica shall be used for all foundations
and buried structures that rest on soil, below-grade and in permanent contact soil, as well
as structures in contact with sea water in case exposure class for chemical attack of sea
water makes it necessary.
In general, cement to be used shall be Normal Portland Cement, which will comply with
ASTM C150 and shall be approved by Site Management for above-grade structures that are
subject to negligible or no sulfate exposure as defined under ACI-318M, Chapter 4, Table
4.2.1.
Cement should conform to Type I, II, or III Portland cements in accordance with ASTM C
150 and blended hydraulic cements which meet the requirements of ASTM C 595.
The tricalcium aluminate content (C3A) should not be less than 4 percent to provide
protection for the reinforcement. Based on past experience, the maximum tricalcium
aluminate content should generally be 10 percent to obtain concrete that is resistant to
sulfate attack. The above limits apply to all exposure zones.
The following type of cements can be used in this project:
Cement Type
- Type I, ASTM C 150 with mineral additives as noted below.
- Type CEM lll/B, BS EN 197-1. (See note 2)
- Type CEM IV/B-V, BS EN 197-1. (See Note 2)
- Type CEM V, BS EN 197-1
Mineral Additions
- 8 per cent minimum Silica fume (microsilica) to BS EN 13263 or ASTM C1240.

(See Note 1 and 2)
- 70 per cent Ground granulated blast furnace slag (ggbs) to BS EN 15167 or
ASTM C 989- Grade 120. (See Note 2.)
- 40 per cent Pulverized (Siliceous) Fuel Ash (pfa) to BS EN 450 or ASTM C 618-
Class F. (See Note 2)
Minimum total cementitious quantity
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 18 / 82
- 350 kg/m3 (See note 3)

Maximum total cementitious quantity
- 400 kg/m3 (See note 3)

Maximum water/cement ratio
- 0.45 for structural concrete and 0.55 for lean concrete.

Notes:
Note 1: Minimum additional protective measure is epoxy coated reinforcement.
Note 2: Minimum additional protective measure is Calcium Nitrite corrosion inhibitor
(neutral set type) 10 litres per m³ of concrete for all seawater structures, structures in the
splash zone and structures exposed to seawater spray.
Note 3: Contractor may propose a set of values for minimum cement, maximum
water/cement ratio, etc. based on the cement type, exposure class, etc. These proposed
values will have to be approved by the construction site manager.
• Low Hydration Heat Cement: its use is recommended for big volumes of concrete such
as foundation and pedestals.
Total chlorides content in the final product cement shall not exceed 0.1 per cent by weight
in accordance with DIN 1164, paragraph 2.2.
In order to control the concrete alkali content, it is specified a low-alkali cement according in
ASTM C 150 (AASHTO M 85) as having an equivalent sodium oxide content of no more
than 0.60% by weight.
The temperature of the cement shall not exceed 65°C at the time of incorporation into a
concrete mix. Maximum temperature for the cement at any time during handling and storing
shall be as low as possible.
Regarding the C3A content limits for type V cements, ASTM C 150 states a maximum limit
of 5% in cements for sulfate resistance concretes.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 19 / 82
If it is deemed necessary by the Contractor to enhance the concrete mix design parameters
in order to achieve the intended design life, then Contractor shall specify additional
protective measures over and above those specified. Additional protective measures include
(but are not limited to) cement replacement/addition, reinforcement coatings, chemical
admixtures, surface membranes and lining systems. The additional protective measures can
be a combination of several provisions and the incorporation is mandatory in the contract.
The cement shall be stored in a suitable weather-tight building an in such a manner as to
permit easy access for proper inspection to prevent deterioration due to moisture and to
minimize warehouse deterioration.
The CONTRACTOR may reject any cement as a result of any tests thereof, notwithstanding
the manufacturer’s certificate. He may also reject cement which has deteriorated due to
inadequate protection from moisture or due to intrusion of foreign matter or other causes.
Any cement older than six month or which is considered defective by the CONTRACTOR
shall not be used and shall be promptly removed from the site of Work by the
SUBCONTRACTOR at his own expensive.
7.3. Water
This shall comply with BS-1008 Standards, ASTM C 94 and C 1602. Water used in mixing
concrete should be clean and free from oils, acids, alkalis, salts, organic materials, or other
substances that may be deleterious to concrete or reinforcement. Mixing water should not
contain excessive amounts of chloride ion.
Potable water shall generally be considered satisfactory for mixing and curing concrete. It is
totally prohibited to use seawater.
Water used for concrete in diaphragm walls shall be clear and free from injurious amounts
of Oil, Alkali, Salts, Organic matters or other harmful substances in such amounts that may
impair the strength or durability of diaphragm walls.
Water used for this type of concrete shall not contain chlorides in excess of 1,000 ppm or
sulphates in excess of 3,000 ppm.
The water shall not contain dissolved solids in excess of 50,000 ppm.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 20 / 82
All exterior concrete surfaces exposed to seawater and other areas subjected to seawater
splashing shall be coated to provide robust protection. This coating shall be Elastomeric
Polyurethane type.
The CONTRACTOR may require the SUBCONTRACTOR to prove at latter’s expense, that
the concrete mixed with water proposed to be used should not have a compressive strength,
lower than 90% of the strength of concrete mixed with distilled water.
SUBCAONTRACTOR shall get the water tested in accordance with section 5 of ASTM C
1602/C1602 M standard from an approved laboratory at his own expenses and in case the
water contains any sugar or excess of acid, alkali or anything injurious, the CONTRACTOR
shall not permit its use.
For more details, see Annex 1: List of tests
7.4. Aggregate
This shall comply with ASTM C33, SASO 378, SASO 805 and SASO 806. Maximum
aggregate size: 20 mm.
Under no circumstances shall be used aggregate from sea sand, salty sand or recycled.
Coarse aggregates shall preferably be obtained from granite rocks for marine concrete.
Aggregate shall be hard and dense, natural or crushed gravel or crushed rock and shall be
delivered to the Site screened and washed with potable water.
The aggregate features shall be according ASTM C33/C33M in the referred to the marine
concretes.
According to the standard BS 8007, water absorption in aggregates should not exceed 3%.
The maritime code BS 6349 specifies that water absorption should not exceed 3%, or 2% in
critical conditions such as highly aggressive chloride.
Aggregates shall not contain any harmful materials such iron pyrites, mica shale or similar
laminated materials. In addition to the above, for reinforced concrete, any material which
might cause corrosion of the reinforcement and aggregates which are chemically reactive
with the alkalis of cement shall not be used.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 21 / 82
The potential for alkali-aggregate reactivity shall be investigated by petrographical

inspection in accordance with the procedure in ASTM C 295. Opaline silica shall not be
present.
The ultra-accelerated mortar bar test specified in ASTM C 1260 shall be used for test of
alkali-silica reaction. Maximum expansion limit needs to be defined by the Contractor to
exclude alkali-silica reactivity and shall not exceed 0.1%.
In case the ultra-accelerated mortar bar test does not provide exclusion, a long-term
concrete prism test will be required.
The concrete prism test specified in ASTM C 1105 shall be used for test of alkali-carbonate
reaction.
The acid-soluble sulphate content in aggregate shall not exceed 0.4 per cent by mass, when
tested to BS 812 Part 118, including BS 1881 Part 124.
The acid-soluble chloride content as chloride ions in aggregate, as a percentage by mass
when tested to BS 812 Part 117 shall not exceed the following limits:
- Coarse aggregate 0.03 per cent
- Fine aggregate 0.06 per cent
The shell calcium carbonate content shall not exceed the percentages by weight of dry
aggregate given in the following Table:
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 22 / 82
7.5. Admixtures and Additions
Admixtures are products, apart from cement, aggregate and water, that are incorporated
into concrete in proportions of less than 5% of weight of cement, in order to improve one or
more of its characteristics.
The most common additives used in diaphragm walls are the following:
- Water reducers and plasticizers, including superplasticizers, in order to prevent
the segregation due to a high proportion of water.
- Retarders which allow the concreting of the diaphragm walls with the required
workability.
Additions are inorganic or pozzolanic materials or those with latent hydraulicity that are
added to concrete to improve one or more of its properties.
Admixtures and Additions shall conform to ASTM C494, ASTM C1017 and Chapter 3.3-ACI
318. When two or more admixtures are used, their compatibility should be documented.
Admixtures and additions shall only be used with prior written approval from the Construction
Site Manager. To this purpose, the Sub-supplier shall propose the product type and the
quantity to be used to the Construction Site Manager, who shall approve or reject it, after
prior testing if considered necessary.
Approved corrosion inhibitors shall be used in reinforced concrete to protect the steel
reinforcement from corrosion.
In order to guarantee the correct distribution of admixtures in suspension or no stable
solutions, shake equipment will be employed.
The admixtures used during the construction will have the same composition, type and mark
than the used in the selection of the final concrete properties.
7.6. Concretes
Ready mix concretes shall have a quality assurance stamp or a recognized logo. Design of
ready mixed concretes will be done by subsupplier or Ready Mix Plant, and according to the
specified in ACI 304R, ACI 117 and ASTM C94. The proportioning of the concrete mix will
be provided to Site Manager for information.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 23 / 82
The following characteristics will be considered for design of concrete structures and
foundations:
− Modulus of elasticity at 28 days: Ec, for concrete shall be permitted to be taken as

1.50.043√ ′ (in MPa) for values of wc between 1440 and 2560 kg/m3.
− For normal weight concrete, Ec shall be permitted to be taken as 4700√ ′.
− Specific weight of reinforced concrete : 25 kN/m3.
− Specific weight of mass concrete: 24 KN/m3.
− Poisson’s ratio U = 0.2.
− Thermal expansion ratio: α = 10-5 ºC-1.
Recommended water-cement ratios and minimum 28-day compressive strengths of

concrete for the three exposure zones are given in Table 2.1 of ACI 357R
For Sea Water Areas (Intake and Turbine/Discharge) areas:
− Blinding Concrete 20 MN/m² (C15/20)
− Lean concrete used for levelling and filling 20 MN/m² (C15/20)
− All structural concrete 35 MN/m² (C35/40)
− Mass concrete 30 MN/m² (C30/37)
− Precast Concrete 35 MN/m² (C35/40)

PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 24 / 82
Measures to minimize cracking in thin sections and to prevent excessive thermal stresses
in mass concrete are necessary if more than 700 pounds of cement per cubic yard of
concrete are used (415 kg per cubic meter). A minimum cement content of 600 pounds per
cubic yard (356 kg per cubic meter) is recommended to obtain high quality paste adjacent
to the reinforcement for corrosion protection.
The rise of temperature in concrete because of cement heat of hydration requires strict
control to prevent steep temperature stress gradients and possible thermal cracking of the
concrete on subsequent cooling. Reducing the temperature rise may be difficult in the rich
mixes and thick sections required in concrete sea structures.
The concrete types to use for the different structural elements are specified in the General
Material Characteristics Table and shall fully comply with ACI 318. These concretes may be
supplied from local ready mixes, according with ASTM C94, and approved by Site
Management.
If there are any supply difficulties with a specific concrete type, the Sub-supplier may change
it and notify the Construction Site Manager in written form. Sub-supplier shall carry out the
tests required by the Construction Site Manager in order to approve or reject its use.
In general, concrete slump measured by the Abrams cone shall be: (50-100 mm) for
concretes without admixtures; (100-150 mm) for concretes with admixtures. Slump more
than 150 mm will be allowed just in case superplasticizers are used. Slump shall be
considered as in ASTM C143.
Water/cement ratio: 0.4 (max 0.45) for structural concrete and 0.55 for lean concrete.
Exposure classes (environmental attacks): class as per table 4.2.1 of ACI 318. It shall be
defined after geotechnical campaign.
28-day cylinder compressive strength in accordance with ACI 318 for structural concrete
used in both sub-structures and super-structures shall not be less than 37.5 MPa.
28-day cylinder compressive strength for lean concrete shall not be less than 17 MPa.
The following chloride and sulphate limits shall apply to hardened concrete in addition to
limits given elsewhere in this specification for individual ingredients.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 25 / 82
The maximum chloride content of reinforced concrete shall not exceed 0.15 per cent by
weight of cementitious material when tested in accordance with ASTM C1218/C1218M
Standard Test Method for Water-Soluble Chloride in Mortar and Concrete.
- The maximum chloride content of unreinforced concrete shall not exceed 0.6 per
cent by weight of cementitious material.
- The maximum sulphate content of concrete calculated from the ingredients shall
not exceed 4.0 per cent by weight of cementitious material. In addition, regular
tests to BS 1881 Part 124 shall be made on the hardened concrete to determine
the total sulphate content which shall not exceed 4.0 per cent.
- The SUBCONTRACTOR shall prepare trial mixes using the approved
aggregates and admixtures and shall give notice in writing to the
CONTRACTOR to enable him to be represented at the making of the trial mixes
and the compressive testing of the cubes.
The SUBCONTRACTOR shall submit to the CONTRACTOR for approval full details of the
trial mixes.
No concrete shall be used in the Permanent Works until the test cubes have attained the
required strength at the age specified and the mix have been approved in writing by the
CONTRACTOR.
7.7. Reinforcement Steel
Reinforcing steel should conform to Section 3.5 of ACI 318. Low temperature or cold climate
applications may require the use of special reinforcing and prestressing steel and
assemblages to achieve adequate ductility. To facilitate future repairs that might be
necessary, only weldable reinforcement should be used in the splash zone and other areas
susceptible to physical damage.
Certified products shall be used. The types of steel shall be those indicated in the General
Material Characteristics Table and shall fully comply with ACI 318 and ASTM A615. Special
attention shall be paid to handling and storage, according with applicable codes.
The types of steel to be used shall be ASTM A615 Grade 60.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 26 / 82
The following mechanical properties shall be considered:

- Yield Strength: fy = 420 MPa
- Tensile/Yield strength ratio: Fu /fy = 1,47
- Specific weight 78,5 kN/m3
- Modulus of elasticity 210 GPa
- Thermal expansion ratio α = 10−5 ºC−1
Steel for concrete reinforcement shall be entirely free of mill scale, rust, pitting, oil, grease,
paint and other deleterious matter before being used in reinforced concrete Work.
Reinforcement with epoxy paint coated steel bars shall be designed and constructed to
ensure a life expectancy of a minimum fifty (50) years if warranted by the Geotechnical
Report.
Reinforcing bars and steel embedment shall be protected with impressed current cathodic
protection system and cement replacement Silica fume (micro-silica) max.8% to be used
according to ASTM C 1240 requirement within offshore area. The use of rebars shall be
restricted to ribbed rebars.
Welded wire fabric shall conform to ASTM A 185 with minimum yield strength of 520 MPA
and maximum spacing of 200mm in any direction.
Contractor shall conform to ASTM D 3963/ D 3963M-01 Standard Specification for
Fabrication and Jobsite Handling of Epoxy-Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars and also the
recommendations shown in the reference guide - Field Handling Techniques for Epoxy-
Coated Rebar, prepared by the Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institute (CRSI). The Contractor
shall prepare a method statement and ITP to ensure such standards are maintained.
The Contractor shall ensure that epoxy touch-up coating is applied to the cut ends of bars
as required.
The Contractor shall provide a target coating thickness of 240 microns, but all coatings
thickness shall fall within the range of 180 – 300 microns. The Contractor shall ensure that
the mechanical properties of any epoxy coatings including adhesion, formability, impact
resistance and abrasion resistance are adequately matched to industry and manufacturer
recognized standards.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 27 / 82
Where stainless steel reinforcement is required by the design, it shall conform to “Standard
Specification for Deformed and Plain Stainless Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement”
ASTM A 955/A 995M 2001, Grade 60, alloy grade AISI 316.
7.8. Mortars
Ordinary cement mortar shall be used for levelling, wall cracks and common civil works.
Fine aggregate, cement and water characteristics shall be those indicated in the
corresponding articles in this specification. The minimum dose rate shall be 500 kg of
cement per cubic meter of mortar mix.
Mortar may have some additions in order to improve its properties with prior written approval
from the Construction Site Manager.
Special low-shrinkage grouts shall be used for seating plates, recesses and sleeves. These
mortars shall possess compensated shrinkage or be slightly expansive and they shall be
defined on the project drawings approved for construction (DAC). They shall be a trade mark
of recognize quality and experience with sufficient references in similar works.
Mortars shall have minimum compression strength of 50 N/mm2.
The execution of mortar on site will only be carried out if the acquisition of the required
strength can be guaranteed.
7.9. Formwork and Elements Embedded in Concrete
In this point, there are included all temporary or permanent forms required for forming the
concrete, together with all temporary construction required for their support. The provisions
established in the ACI 374R-14 shall be followed. The finished concrete surfaces shall not
be outside the tolerances normally achievable.
Formwork may be made of wood, metal or other rigid material with proper efficiency
conditions for their intended use.
Formwork and falsework shall be capable to resist any action to which they are submitted
during the construction process (including concreting and removal) and they shall ensure
that the tolerances specified for the structure are satisfied.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 28 / 82
The formwork materials shall not contain any harmful substance to concrete.
The same materials indicated for formwork may be used for falsework and shoring with the
condition that they have sufficient rigidity and strength to resist the forces produced by the
concreting process without any harmful deformation.
The Sub-supplier shall provide the Construction Site Manager with justified calculations for
the formwork and falsework for large structures, and is completely responsible for sufficiency
and stability of the formwork, the concrete position and the shape dimensions and surface
finished described in the contract.
7.10. Anchor Rods and Elements Embedded in Concrete
Anchor rod material shall be 5.6 according ISO 898 T: Yield strength: 300 N/mm2; Ultimate
tensile strength: 500 N/mm2 or F1554 Grade 55 according to ASTM. Plates, rolled profiles
and other embedded steel elements shall be A36 or A572 in accordance with ASTM or
S275JR in accordance with EN 10025. The material for screws, nuts and washers shall be
the same as the main element (bolt or screw).
When the rods are supplied by the equipment manufacturer or the steel structure sub-
supplier, the quality shall be fixed in the drawings and shall be their exclusive competence
and responsibility. In this case, only proper assembly of the bolts shall be in Sub-supplier
scope.
The manufacture and supply of the metal anchor and embedded elements shall be carried
out by the civil works sub-supplier, unless indicated otherwise on the project drawings
approved for construction (DAC) or determined by the Construction Site Manager, with
manufacture in accordance with the project drawings approved for construction (DAC).
All embedded steel elements, with the exception of those that are threaded, shall be
delivered with a coat of anti-oxidant (epoxy) paint on areas that are not going to be in contact
with the concrete or fill-in mortar. No need of protection for areas in contact with concrete or
mortar.
Non-metallic elements shall be supplied protected or not, according to element requirements
or as recommended by the manufacturer.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 29 / 82
All elements supplied to the Sub-supplier for installation are under its responsibility from the
time of delivery.
7.11. Sealing Joint Materials
The used materials shall be those indicated on the drawings. All the materials to be defined
by the Sub-supplier shall be proposed to the Construction Site Manager for approval.
Prefabricated bands shall be conform to the following characteristics:
 ACI 504R (Guide for Sealing Joints in Concrete Structures)
 Tensile strength equal to or greater than 12.5 N/ mm2
 Elongation to breakage equal to or greater than 300%.
 Impermeability: 100% at working pressure.
 The material shall be compatible with the liquids with which it may come into
contact.
In the case of premoulded hydro-expansive joints, the manufacturer shall guarantee their
characteristics and compatibility with the liquids with which they may come into contact.
7.12. Concrete Surface Protection and Finishes
All the concrete foundations or underground structures shall be protected on the bottom and
all sides with bitumastic felt membrane layers of approved thickness.
Concrete structures intended for the storage of water or underground structures intended to
be impervious to water shall be designed and constructed in accordance with CP 2007 and
BS EN 1992-3
Floor slabs around equipment skids and other areas that are likely to have water/oil spillage,
overflow or leakage shall be provided with appropriate slopes and an adequate drainage
arrangement.
All water/oil retaining structures, trenches, manholes, catch basins and pits shall be doubly
reinforced. The reinforcement shall be epoxy paint coated. In order to avoid water ingress,
all construction joints in these structures shall be provided with approved water stops and
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 30 / 82
all expansion and contraction concrete joints shall be sealed with an approved sealant in an
approved manner.
All exterior concrete surfaces of intake structures and concrete surfaces exposed to
seawater and other areas subjected to sea water splashing shall be coated to provide robust
protection. The coating shall be Elastomeric Polyurethane type.
The preliminary geotechnical information predicts that according to ACI 318-11, Table 4.2.1
the exposure category is S2 (severe).
According to SEC Material Standards 70-TMSS-03 (Table 8-B) the concrete on-site would
be subjected to special exposure conditions and the exposure is considered to be severe to
very severe. Based on Table 8-B following would be recommended.
- To avoid possible attack of deleterious salts on concrete and reinforcement, it is
recommended that foundations and all other concrete structures coming in direct
contact with the soil and groundwater be constructed using Type-I cement with 8%
to 14% micro silica as cement replacement. The minimum cement + micro silica
should be 390 kg/m3.
- Bituminous water proofing membrane as per TES-P 119.19 R1 should be applied to
the exterior of all concrete faces coming in contract with soil.
8. GENERAL EXECUTION PROVISIONS
8.1. Preparation and Positioning of False Work, Formwork and Molds
Dimensioning and execution of all formworks, falsework and moulds shall adapt to ACI 347
and the Sub-supplier shall be responsible for its construction.
The falsework, formwork and molds, together with the joins of the various elements, shall
have sufficient strength and rigidity to prevent deformation in excess of 5 mm in local zones.
This shall not exceed one thousandth of the span of the assembly and shall be capable to
resist any forces to which they are submitted as a consequence of the concreting process
and especially, under the pressure of fresh concrete or the used compaction method without
any harmful settling or deformation. These conditions shall be maintained until the concrete
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 31 / 82
has acquired sufficient strength to resist all the forces it will be subjected to during formwork,
falsework and mold removal with an adequate safety margin.
The prop supplier shall justify and guarantee their characteristics and define the conditions
in which they shall be used.
The use of aluminium is expressly prohibited in moulds that come into contact with concrete.
Formwork and moulds shall be sealed to prevent appreciable losses of grout or mortar in
function of the proposed compaction method and to achieve closed concrete surfaces that
are free from irregularities, sag and cavities that could damage the aesthetic appearance of
the concrete and produce burrs.
Wooden formwork and moulds shall be wetted prior to pouring in the concrete to prevent
absorption of the water of the concrete. In addition, the wooden parts shall be arranged to
allow for free swelling without danger of causing any abnormal forces or deformation.
Interior formwork and mold surfaces shall be clean when concreting, with necessary
conditions to guarantee free concrete retraction and thus prevent any cracking of the
surfaces of structures. Release agent of recognised quality, approved by the Construction
Site Manager, shall be applied.
The lower sections of formwork shall include provisional windows in order to facilitate column
and wall bottom cleaning.
If formwork for a column, wall or vertical element is fitted along its full height, windows shall
be left every 1.5 metres to allow the concrete to be poured. These shall be closed as the
concrete reaches them.
Chamfer strips shall be fitted to concrete formwork and moulds with exposed sharp edges
and corners, in order to obtain 25-mm chamfers at 45º.
The use of formwork or mold release agents shall expressly be authorised in each case by
the Construction Site Manager. Such products shall not leave any signs or have harmful
effects on the concrete surfaces or propagate over vertical or inclined surfaces of formwork
or moulds. Moreover, they shall not impede any subsequent application of coatings,
especially in the case of elements that are going to be joined to work together. In addition,
they shall not come into contact with the reinforcement or be allowed to collect in the bottom
of the formwork.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 32 / 82
Formwork or mold release agents shall be applied in continuous uniform layers over the
internal formwork or mold surface, placing the concrete only when these products are
effective.
The Sub-supplier shall provide the Construction Site Manager with the formwork and
falsework removal plan for approval. This plan shall pay special attention to:
- Concrete weight
- Imposed loads
- Falsework removal sequence
- Necessity of maintaining certain elements to reduce time-dependent deformation or
to guarantee structure stability
- Specific falsework removal operations
- Environmental conditions
- Subsequent surface treatment requirements
Falsework removal operations shall be executed without any structural knocks, impacts or
shock (for example, caused by sudden removal of end shoring), using only static forces. It
is recommended to remove first falsework from load-bearing elements, such as walls and
columns. It is recommended for large-scale structures formwork removal, the use of chocks,
sand boxes and other similar devices in order to achieve uniform descent of supports.
It is advisable to name a coordinator for the project and construction of formwork and
falsework for important elements, such as slab foundation and turbine pedestals.
The aforementioned operations shall not be performed until the concrete has reached the
necessary strength to be capable to resist any action to which it is submitted during and
after formwork, falsework and mold removal.
Construction Site Manager shall judge the results in each case, taking into account that, in
order to obtain reliable results, execution, which is always delicate in such testing, shall be
carried out by specialised personnel.
Weather conditions shall also be taken into account (for example, icing) and the need to
adopt protection measures after removal of formwork or moulds.
Special attention shall be paid to timely removal of formwork or moulds that could prevent
retraction, settling or expansion joint clearances, in addition to any articulations.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 33 / 82
To facilitate formwork removal and, in particular, when moulds are used, it is recommended
that they be painted with anti-adherent varnishes that comply with the conditions given in
this Article.
As a general recommendation, the following criteria shall apply, for formwork removal:
- For foundations, walls, columns and floor slabs (level 0): 24 hours after concrete
pouring
- For elevated slabs, beams, pedestals: when 80% of the specified concrete strength
is achieved
8.2. Rebar Preparation and Placement
Reinforcing shall conform ACI 301, ACI 315, ASTM A 615 and ACI 318.
All bars of structures in contact with soil shall be covered by epoxy conform to ASTM D
3963/ D 3963M-01 Standard Specification for Fabrication and Jobsite Handling of Epoxy-
Coated Steel Reinforcing Bars and also the recommendations shown in the reference guide
- Field Handling Techniques for Epoxy-Coated Rebar, prepared by the Concrete Reinforcing
Steel Institute (CRSI).
Bars shall be jointed, by laps or couplers. The links shall be tied to the principal bars being
welding totally prohibited.
Steel of different strengths shall not be used in the same element.
Reinforcing bars shall not be damaged (mechanical damage or corrosion) during
transporting, storing handling and placing into position.
Rebar surface conditions shall be examined prior to use, in order to ensure it is free from
mechanical damage, such as notches, surface deposits of concrete, or any other type that
could negatively affect adherence. Pitting is not acceptable.
Rebar shall not be bent after being positioned and never, under any circumstances, after
being partially embedded in concrete, except with special justification in specific situations
and complying with ACI 301.
Distances between rebar and formwork shall be maintained by the use of suitable spacers.
The spacer type shall be previously approved by the Construction Site Manager.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 34 / 82
Recognised quality plastic spacers shall be accepted, so as those with cement mortar (30
MPa). The cover to the reinforcement steel shall be specified on the drawings (Materials
Characteristics Table), with a tolerance of ±10 mm.
Tension lap-splice lengths (cm) for coated reinforcing bars fc’=37.5 MPa are as follows:
When lapping is necessary, but is not indicated on the drawings, lap length shall be
previously approved by the Construction Site Manager and it shall conform the requirements
in ACI 318.
Only when it becomes necessary to weld rebars, it shall be verified that the reinforcing steel
is classified as weldable. Welding shall not be executed at, or near, bends in a bar.
The reinforcement shall be fixed and secured so that its final position is within the tolerances
given in local standards. The sub-supplier shall use all supports and auxiliary elements, such
as trestles, etc., to ensure the construction tolerances of the reinforcement during
concreting.
8.3. Embedded Elements and Anchor Rods (Bolts)
Anchor rods and other embedded elements shall be placed in the exact position indicated
on the project drawings approved for construction (DAC) with the Sub-supplier having full
responsibility for compliance with this provision.
All anchor rods shall be assembled in the corresponding template (steel or woodwork)
designed and manufactured for this purpose by the Sub-supplier.
The Sub-supplier shall assume sole responsibility for monitoring all the previously described
operations at his own cost.
Whenever it is deemed necessary, the Construction Site Manager shall verify correct
positioning and the Sub-supplier shall provide, at its own cost, all that is required to carry
out such verification.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 35 / 82
After onsite installation, the visible threaded part of the rods shall be covered with grease
and plastic bags tied with steel wire. This protection shall be maintained until the
corresponding equipment or structure is also installed.
The fact that, in some cases, the Sub-supplier does not have to supply any of the embedded
or anchor elements does not exempt it from its responsibilities relating to installation and the
supply of all required auxiliary elements. The Sub-supplier shall be fully responsible for the
movement of pieces around the worksite, including cost, unloading and storage.
This shall be in accordance with ACI 318.
8.4. Concrete Mixturing Proportions
This shall be carried out in accordance with ACI 211, ACI 301, ACI 311.5 and ACI 304R and
by following the instructions in this specification.
The concrete shall be dosed according to the methods considered necessary, but always
following these limitations:
- The minimum ratio of cement per cubic metre of concrete shall be: 350 kg of
cement/m3 of concrete.
- The maximum amount of cement per cubic meter shall be 400 kg.
- The water/cement ratio shall not exceed 0.45 (by weight).(0.55 for lean concrete)
In order to establish the concrete composition (or concrete family in case of several required
types), the constructor shall perform previous laboratory tests in order to verify that the
prescribed concrete satisfies the requirements specified for fresh and hardened concrete
(ACI 214), including consistence, density, strength, durability, resistance to a chemical
attack, protection of embedded steel against corrosion, and taking into account the
production process and the execution method.
In order to perform testing of concrete, at least four series of three specimens from each
mixing shall be tested. Unless specified otherwise, the compressive strength is determined
on one specimen tested at 7 days and other two, tested at 28 days. It shall be based on
tests carried out on either 150 mm cubes or 150/300 mm cylinders conforming to ACI 311.5
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 36 / 82
and ASTM C39 and made and cured in accordance with ACIand R, ASTM C172 and ASTM
C192.
The strength of a batch or load shall be taken to be the average of the test results and
following ACI 214R. It shall be expressed as fc,cube where determined using cubical
specimens and fc,cyl where determined using cylindrical specimens.
Concrete manufacturing shall not commence until the Construction Site Manager has
approved the working formula proposed by the Sub-supplier. This formula shall exactly
indicate:
- The granulometry of the combined aggregates.
- The mixturing proportions of cement, water and any additions per cubic metre of
fresh concrete.
- The consistency by the Abrams cone: slump.
- The formula for a concrete shall be reconsidered if any of the factors below
changes:
- Cement type and its characteristics.
- Type, absorption or size of the course aggregate.
- The granulometric modulus of the fine aggregate by more than 0.2.
- The nature, proportion and characteristics of additions and admixtures.
- The execution method. • Constituent material storage.
- Batching equipment.
- Mixing equipment.
- Transport equipment, as applicable.
- Production control.
8.5. Concrete Manufacture and Transport to the Site
The concrete to be used shall be produced at a ready-mixed concrete plant, except when
another system is specified and conforms the requirements of ACI 304R, ACI 301 and ACI
318 criteria.
The concrete of ready-mixed plants shall be officially approved by local Quality Assurance
Authorities.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 37 / 82
8.5.1. General
A concrete ready-mixed plant is a set of equipment which, in accordance with the

specifications in the following sections, comprises:
Each plant shall have a technician responsible for manufacture, with sufficient training and
experience, that shall be present throughout the production process and who shall be
different from the production manager. The criteria of ASTM C15 shall be met.
8.5.2. Concrete constituent materials storage
Constituent materials shall be transported and stored to prevent any form of intermixing,
contamination, deterioration or any other significant alteration in their characteristics.
ACI 117M and ASTM C15 shall be taken into account.
When installations for the storage of water or additions are required, they shall prevent any
form of contamination.
When cement is supplied in sacks, these shall be stored in a ventilated place and protected
from outside weather conditions and moisture from floor or walls. If it is supplied in bulk, it
shall be stored in silos or other containers that isolate it from outside moisture.
Powdery additions shall be stored under the same conditions as cement. All necessary
precautions shall be adopted to prevent segregation during storage as well as transport.
Similar installations shall be used for bulk-supplied fly ash and silica fume as for cement and
shall be stored in waterproof silos or containers that provide protection against moisture and
contamination. These shall also be clearly identified to prevent mixturing proportions errors.
Liquid additions, admixtures and those mixed with water shall be stored in frost proof tanks
that are fitted with stirrers to maintain the solids in suspension.
8.5.3. Batching equipment
The conditions of ACI 304 shall be met.

Cement, aggregates and, where applicable, additions, shall be dosed by weight.
Mixturing proportions of each material shall be according to specifications in order to obtain
adequate uniformity between mixings.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 38 / 82
Constituent materials shall be mixed to produce a well-mixed, uniform concrete mix in which
the aggregate shall be completely surrounded by cement paste.
Concrete prepared at a ready-mixed plant can be mixed and delivered onsite by one of the
following methods: completely mixed at the plant, partially mixed at the plant and mixturing
proportions at the plant. In the latter two cases, mixing times in the truck mixer shall be
monitored.
The mixturing proportions installations shall include silos with suitable, separate
compartments for each of the required aggregate grading fractions. Each silo compartment
shall be designed and assembled so that it can be discharged efficiently without jamming
and with minimum segregation, into the weighing machine hopper.
The necessary control means shall be fitted in order to precisely close off the feed of
materials to the weighing machine hopper when the required amount has been reached.
Under static loads the weighing devices shall provide a 0.5% precision of its total scale
capacity. A suitable set of calibration weights shall be available for verification.
The weighing machine hoppers shall be constructed so as to eliminate accumulation of raw
materials and to fully discharge
The "tell-tale" device shall be in full view of the operator to be clearly and precisely read
while charging the hopper. The operator shall have convenient access to all controls.
All support points, articulations and similar parts of the weighing machine shall be
maintained thoroughly clean.
Water measuring shall have a precision so that the established mixturing proportions
tolerance is not exceeded
The dossers for add mixtures shall be designed and marked so that they clearly measure
the amount of addition for 50 kilograms of cement.
8.5.4. Mixing equipment
All concrete shall be machine mixed unless agreed otherwise by the CONTRACTOR.
Concrete shall be thoroughly mixed to a uniform consistency. Each batch of mixing shall be
mixed for a minimum of 90 seconds after all the materials have been added. Unless agreed
otherwise by the CONTRACTOR.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 39 / 82
The concrete plant should be equipped with a vertical axis mixer or double horizontal axis,
so as to ensure sufficient uniformity of fresh concrete. The mixer will have enough capacity
to produce a minimum of 1 m3 of batches of fresh concrete.
Mixing time and mode of introduction of additives will be determinated during testing of mix
formula in concrete plant. In any case, the minimum mixing time for this kind of concrete will
not be less than that recommended by the manufacturer of the equipment.
Concrete shall be mixed by fixed or mobile mixers that mix the concrete constituents until it
is a uniform mix in appearance and all the constituents are evenly distributed.
Concrete mix shall be achieved using one of the following procedures:
- Completely in a fixed concrete mixer;
- Commenced in a fixed concrete mixer and completed in a mobile concrete mixer
before transport;
- In a mobile concrete mixer, before transport.
Both fixed and mobile mixers shall bear metal plates in a plainly visible location in which it
shall be specified:
- Fixed units: the mixing speed and maximum drum capacity, in terms of mixed
concrete volume;
- Mobile units: the total drum volume, its maximum drum capacity, in terms of mixed
concrete volume, together with maximum and minimum rotation speeds.
The mixer shall be washed out with fresh water before mixing the first batch after any
stoppage or, alternatively, the first mix shall be discharged.
Concrete which has commenced to be set shall not be re-mixed and shall not be used in
Permanent Works.
8.5.5. Raw materials mixturing proportions
Cement shall be dosed by weight, using different weighing machines and scales to those
for aggregate. Cement weighing tolerance shall be ±3%.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 40 / 82
Aggregate shall be measured by weight, taking moisture corrections into account. The plant
shall have elements to automatically measure the surface moisture.
When the total aggregate supply is used, the manufacturer shall provide its manufacturing
granulometry and tolerances so that a probable granulometric range can be defined that
guarantees aggregate control for the working formula.
The water directly added during mixing shall be measured by weight or volume with a 1%
tolerance.
Total water shall be determined with a 3% tolerance of the preset total amount.
Powder admixtures shall be measured by weight and those in paste or liquid forms by
volume. In both cases, the tolerance shall be 5% of the required weight or volume.
When used admixtures shall be measured by weight, using weighing machines and scales
different from those used for aggregate. Addition weight tolerance shall be 3%.
This equipment shall be regularly inspected as necessary to detect the presence of
hardened concrete or mortar waste, together with mixing blade or internal drum defects or
wear and, when required, verification of compliance with the previous requirements.
It is expressly forbidden to add any amount of water or other substances that could alter the
original composition of the fresh mixture.
8.5.6. Transport equipment
The transport and delivery of the concrete for diaphragm walls should be according to ASTM
C94. It cannot be used concrete that has been more than 1 ½ hour mixing since the moment
when the materials are introduced in the mixer.
- Slump
- Maximum aggregate size.
- Cement and aggregate type and class.
- The exposure class to which the concrete is going to be exposed.
- Characteristic compressive strength
- Types of addmixtures and approximate content, if applicable.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 41 / 82
- Cement content, expressed in kilo per cubic metre (kg/m3), for concrete designated
by mixturing proportions.
- Water/cement ratio.
- Indication of concrete use: mass, reinforced or prestressed.
Transport equipment shall be free from hardened concrete or mortar waste, which requires
thorough cleaning before loading the new fresh concrete mixture. Similarly, there should not
be any blade or internal drum defects or wear that could affect uniform mixing. Suitable
procedures shall be used for concrete transport to ensure that it arrives at the site in the
required conditions, without undergoing any significant variation in the recently mixed
concrete characteristics.
Transport can be by mobile mixers at the stirring speed required to maintain the fresh
concrete characteristics when arrived to site.
When the concrete is fully mixed at the plant and transported in mobile mixers, the volume
of transported concrete shall not exceed 80% of the total drum capacity. When concrete is
mixed or mixing is completed in a mobile mixer, the volume shall not exceed two thirds of
the total drum.
The elapsed time between the addition of mixing water to the cement and the aggregates
and the pouring of the concrete shall not exceed one hour. In hot weather or under conditions
that lead to fast concrete setting, this time limit shall be less, unless special measures are
adopted that increase setting time, but without reducing concrete quality.
Transport shall be rejected, without any rights to economic compensation, if the truck water
tank shows losses or there is any delay of more than one hour in reception of the concrete
from the plant from the time of mixing without any setting retardant additions.
8.5.7. Production control
In general, ASTM C15 and ACI 304 shall be followed.

Plant manufactured concrete can be designated by properties or mixturing proportions. A
minimum of the following shall be specified in both cases:
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 42 / 82
When concrete is requested with special characteristics or others in addition to the

previously described ones, the guarantees and data to be provided by the supplier shall be
specified before supplying commences.
Prior to commencing supplies, the Contractor may require a satisfactory demonstration that
the used component materials comply with all indicated requirements.
At delivery, the producer shall provide the user with a delivery ticket for each load of concrete
on which is printed, stamped or written at least the following information:
 Name of the ready-mixed concrete plant
 serial number of ticket
 date and time of loading, i.e. Time of first contact between cement and water
 truck number or vehicle identification
 name of purchaser
 name and location of the site
 details or references to specifications, e.g. Code number, order number
 amount of concrete in cubic meters
 declaration of conformity with reference to the specifications
 name or mark of the certification body if relevant
 time at which the concrete arrives at the site
 time of the beginning of unloading
 time of the end of unloading.
In addition, the delivery ticket shall give details of the following:

a) for designed concrete: • strength class
- exposure classes
- chloride content class
- consistence class or target value
- limiting values of concrete composition, if specified
- type and strength class of cement, if specified
- type of admixture and addition, if specified;
- special properties, if required;
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 43 / 82
- maximum nominal upper aggregate size

- in case of light-weight or heavy-weight concrete: density class or target density
b) for prescribed concrete: • details of the composition, e.g. cement content, and, if
required, type of admixture
- either w/c ratio, or consistence in terms of class or target value, as specified
- maximum nominal upper aggregate size.
In the case of standardized prescribed concrete, the information to be given shall follow the
provisions of the relevant standard.
Appropriate information as required above for the delivery ticket is also relevant for site-
mixed concrete where the site is large or several types of concrete are involved or where
the party producing the concrete is different from the party who is responsible for placing
the concrete.
8.5.8. Delivery and reception
The required information is indicated in ASTM C15.

The commencement of discharging the concrete from the supplier’s transport equipment at
the delivery location marks the beginning of the concrete delivery and reception time, which
shall last until discharging is completed.
In general, any addition of water and admixtures at delivery is forbidden. In special cases,
water or admixtures may be added where this is under the responsibility of the producer and
used to bring the consistence to the specified value provided that the limiting values
permitted by the specification are not exceeded and the addition of admixture is included in
the design of the concrete.
- Constituent/Raw materials storage.

- Batching installations.
- Mixing equipment.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 44 / 82
The Constructor Site Manager is responsible for ensuring that reception control is carried
out taking all necessary samples and performing all required control tests.
The concrete will be placed in the form as soon as possible after mixing before the initial set
of the concrete has started. No concrete will be placed after this period has elapsed.
8.5.9. Concrete not produced at a ready-mixed plant
In special cases, with written Construction Site Manager approval, concrete may be
produced onsite and always using a concrete mixer, with measurements of the quantities of
cement and aggregate by weight and water by volume. Only for works with little significance
and for small amounts of concrete may aggregate be measured by volume and mixed in a
concrete mixer. All cases shall comply with instruction ASTM C15.
A concrete on site plan comprises:
Constituent materials storage shall take the previous description into account (see:
constituent materials storage)
Cement mixturing proportions shall be by weight, with the aggregate measured by weight or
volume. Mixturing proportions by volume is not recommended because of the wide
variations is usually produces.
Mixing is accomplished by a period of stirring for a time of not less than ninety seconds.
The manufacturer of this type of concrete shall duly document the used mixturing
proportions, which shall be expressly accepted by the Construction Site Manager. Similarly,
it shall also be responsible for the personnel in charge of the mixturing proportions and
mixing operations being adequately trained and experienced.
The concrete manufacturer shall maintain a book onsite, at the disposition of the
Construction Site Manager, which contains the rated mixturing proportions to be used onsite,
together with any corrections made during the process with the corresponding justification.
This book shall contain a list of raw materials suppliers for concrete production, descriptions
of the used equipment and a reference to the calibration document for the weighing machine
used for cement mixturing proportions. This shall also contain a log of the number of mass
mixtures in each batch, concreting days and the test results as applicable.
The materials shall be poured into the concrete mixer in the following order:
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 45 / 82
1. Approximately half the required water volume.

2. Cement and sand together.
3. Gravel.
4. The remaining water up to the required amount.
Aggregate moisture content shall be verified in order to correct the amount of water poured
directly into the concrete mixer, if necessary.
8.6. Concrete Pouring
The Sub-supplier shall provide to the Site Management, a detailed Method Statement or
Construction Procedure which show all the operations to be done and Safety Precautions
and Measurements that have to be taking into account.
The Sub-supplier shall use uniform concrete of the same quality for all similar works units
and shall not use concretes manufactured with cements from different sources for the same
structure or strength element
Precautions shall be adopted in concrete pouring and positioning, even when carried out in
a continuous manner using suitable tubes, in order to avoid mixture disaggregation.
The free-fall height of concrete during pouring shall be less than two metres. Greater heights
require special pouring arrangements and particular mixturing proportions study, which shall
be subject to Construction Site Manager approval.
Layer thickness shall be that required to achieve the mass compaction without producing
segregation of mixture.
Under no circumstances shall this thickness exceed 50 centimeters.
Concreting shall not be executed without Construction Site Manager approval, after the
inspection of the reinforcements bars and formwork positions.
The concreting of each element shall be executed in accordance with a previously
established plan that shall take any expected formwork and falsework deformation into
account.
Compaction shall be performed in a continuous manner throughout concrete pouring. No
new layer shall be poured if the previous one is not completely compacted. When concreting
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 46 / 82
has to be performed without any interruption in successive layers, these shall be extended
and compacted before the one immediate below commences setting.
It is mandatory to use vibrators that act in the various poured concrete layers to ensure they
combine. The pouring rate shall not exceed the capacity of the compaction machine. Special
attention shall be paid to the vibration next to formwork, rebar and embedded elements in
order to prevent cavities appearing. Under no circumstances shall the vibrator be used to
make the concrete run, taking care not to cause disaggregation through excessive vibration.
When using surface vibrators, the layer thickness after compaction shall not exceed twenty
centimetres.
The use of mould or formwork vibrators shall be studied so that the vibration transmitted via
the formwork is sufficient to produce correct compaction and prevent the formation of
cavities and weaker layers.
Concrete re-vibration shall be subject to Construction Site Manager approval.
If concrete transport, pouring or compaction requires special techniques, the standards of
good practice associated with these same techniques shall be followed. They shall be
approved by Construction Site Manager.
The temperature in the centre of any concrete element will not be higher than 65º C. The
temperature gradient between the centre and the side of any concrete element will not be
higher than 15º C.
The concreting of the Turbo-generator foundation slab shall be executed continually, without
any interruption or construction joints. A specific detailed Procedure and Method Statement
shall be developed by Sub-supplier and approved by Site Management
The Contractor shall provide the Construction Site Manager with a concreting plan that shall
be approved before any onsite concreting operations take place. This plan shall take the
following into account:
 Concrete pouring area, dates plan (pouring sequence)
 Construction joints: location and surface
 Particular types of surface finish
 Positioning of mixer trucks, pumps or cranes.
 Number of workers and vibrators by zones.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 47 / 82
The concreting dates shall be fixed with sufficient prior notice to monitor geometry, joints,
embedded anchors and rebar etc. (verifying being able to introduce the vibrator).
Just prior to concreting, non-waterproof wooden formwork shall be wetted and the positions
of cavities shall be verified. Embedded empty piping shall be secured against being lifted
during concreting.
Prior to large-volume concreting, such as the turbo-group foundation slab, the Sub-supplier
shall submit the calculation for the temperature increments in the concrete for Construction
Site Manager approval, establish the temperature control points and indicate the measures
to be adopted to prevent excessive temperature gradients. The Sub-supplier shall carry out
this control using thermocouples inside the mass to be concreted
and shall be responsible for the cost. For these large volume concreting, a second concrete
mix or plant will be available as a redundancy in case of a failure of the main plant.
Lean concrete shall be poured when the excavation depth indicated on the drawings has
been verified. Pouring shall take place immediately after refining the bottom of the
excavation, in order to prevent ground weathering. After completion, the lean concrete
surface shall be as horizontal as possible to the foundation support level indicated on the
drawings. Any excesses over this level above 3 cm shall not be accepted. The lean concrete
may be not placed in cases in which it is necessary to fill-in with mass concrete in order to
reach the strong strata (bearing strata) in the ground.
Removal of formwork will be done according to ACI-301. When formed surfaces require
finishing, the removal of the formwork will be done as soon as removal operations will not
damage the concrete. Remove top forms on sloping surfaces of concrete as soon as
removal will not allow concrete to sag. Perform needed repairs or treatment required at once
and follows immediately with specified curing. Do not damage concrete during removal of
formwork for columns, walls, sides of beams, and other parts not supporting the weight of
the concrete. Perform needed repair and treatment required on vertical surfaces at once
and follow immediately with specified curing.
Unless otherwise specified, leave formwork and shoring in place to support the weight of
concrete in beams, slabs, and in-place structural members until concrete has reached fc′. If
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 48 / 82
a lower compressive strength is proposed for removal of formwork and shoring, submit
detailed plans for review and acceptance. When
shores and other vertical supports are arranged to allow the form-facing material to be
removed without loosening or disturbing the shores and supports, the facing material may
be removed at an earlier age unless otherwise specified.
In any case, the Site Manager will have to approve the removal of the formwork.
8.7. Protection and Curing
The curing process should be performed in accordance with the ACI 308R standard.
The curing procedure shall be previously approved by the Construction Site Manager, which
shall similarly fix the minimum applicable time. In general, recently poured concrete shall be
cured with fresh water and the concrete surface shall be continuously wetted and covered
with water or approved covering saturated with water for at least seven days (as a general
rule). Direct watering shall not produce any washing-out.
Reinforced concrete shall not be allowed to come into contact with sea water for a period of
28 days from the date of placing.
The concrete for diaphragm walls shall be maintenance above 10 ºC and in a moist condition
for at least the first 7 days after placement. High early strength concrete shall maintenance
above 10 ºC and in a moist condition for at least the first 3 days.
All concrete wherever possible shall be wet cured under shade for a minimum period of 10
days after casting. Curing water shall be potable water free from detritus salts. The methods
for the provision of curing water and curing shall be to the approval of the CONTRACTOR.
Curing by providing moisture can be replaced by surface protection using plastic covers or
other suitable treatments, with prior approval, provided such methods, especially in the case
of dry masses, can give the required guarantees that, during the first hardening period, the
initial mass moisture is retained and that they do not contain any substances that could
damage the concrete
When curing by water is not practiced, this shall be executed by preventing the water in the
concrete from evaporating. This operation can be executed by maintaining formwork in place
or by other approved methods
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 49 / 82
During works execution, the Sub-supplier shall protect all concreted surfaces against all
types of aggression, such as footprints, rolling and formwork vibration until the concrete is
fully cured. It shall also be protected against temperature variations, rain, draughts, freezing,
overloads and any other type of action that might cause damage.
The Construction Site Manager shall indicate the most suitable method or combined
methods for curing large foundation slabs (gas and steam turbine foundation and pedestals
and HRSG foundation). These foundations and pedestals will follow specific Construction
Procedures proposed by Sub-supplier and Approved by Site Manager.
8.8. Construction Joints
Construction joints shall be included in the project and located in the normal direction to the
compression forces and where their effect is least harmful, which is away from where the
rebar is subject to strong traction forces. They shall be installed with the appropriate form
so that the joint between the old and new concrete is as strong as possible.
If it becomes necessary to execute construction joints not included on the drawings, they
shall be executed at locations authorised by the Construction Site Manager in written form,
preferably over the falsework shoring props. Concreting shall not continue until they have
been inspected and approved by the Construction Site Manager.
The position, shape and reinforcement of the construction joints shall be those indicated on
the project drawings approved for construction (DAC) or, if not available, those proposed by
the Sub-supplier and approved by the Construction Site Manager.
Slope joints shall not be allowed.
Before continuing the concreting, the surface layer of mortar shall be removed, leaving the
aggregate visible. The joint shall then be thoroughly cleaned of all dirt and loose aggregate.
In all cases, the cleaning procedure shall not produce any appreciable alterations in
adherence between the paste and course aggregate. It is expressly forbidden to use
corrosive products in joint cleaning.
Concrete shall not be poured onto another previous one when this cannot be vibrated,
because the setting has commenced or because the Construction Site Manager has decided
that it could harm adherence between rebar and concrete.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 50 / 82
When a new construction joint is placed in a deemed unacceptable location by the

Construction Site Manager, it shall be demolished the necessary concrete in order to move
the joint to an acceptable position, with all involved work being at the expense of the Sub-
supplier.
The Construction Site Manager may require the use of epoxy resins for concreting joint
execution, in which case the product manufacturer’s recommendations shall be followed.
The Site Management may authorise other techniques for joint execution, such as
impregnation with suitable products, provided with a previously justified proposal and testing
that provides sufficient guarantees that such techniques can produce results that are at least
just as effective as those from traditional methods.
In case hammering devices are used to prepare the joint surface, the devices need to be
selected to avoid any damage to the concrete elements.
When shrinkage effects are expected, the joints shall be left open for at least ten days so
that the contiguous masses are able to freely deform.
Before continuing concreting, joint treatment shall be performed by one of the procedures
authorised by ACI 304R and local standards and with Construction Site Manager approval.
In general, they shall be treated with water-pressurised air jets to eliminate all loose
aggregate and any other remains. Before concreting over the joint, it shall be wetted and a
special joint product applied that ensures the joining of the two concretes (approved by the
Construction Site Manager).
8.9. Concreting Under Water
Concrete shall not be poured in the presence of water, especially foundations, when there
is the possibility of avoiding it. When this is not so, concreting can take place in the presence
of water with prior Construction Site Manager authorization.
Under no circumstances shall concreting be authorised under water if mud or sludge is
present that could contaminate the concrete or reduce the required coverings, or when the
water has a speed exceeding 0.5 m/s or temperature below 2ºC.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 51 / 82
- Number and position of thermometers to be distributed in the various workplaces. •

The square metres (m2) of plastic sheeting or canvas used to protect concrete
surfaces. • Table of formwork removal times/temperatures in the number of days
from concreting.
- The number of test specimens to be conserved at the same place and under the
same conditions as the concreted pieces and that are to be used to monitor the
concrete behaviour.
- Methods and machinery available for heating materials.
- Duration of protection measures.
The minimum cement mixturing proportions shall be 400 kg/m3 when concreting under
water.
Pouring shall commence at one end and continue slowly in the other direction against any
existing current and taking care that the concrete is not poured directly into the water, but
into the already poured concrete.
Pouring concrete under water shall be executed using a spout so that the end of it is always
submerged in the concrete.
Admixtures used in other specific works could be used for concreting under water.
8.10. Concreting In Cold Weather
When the concrete mass is poured into the mould or formwork, its temperature shall not be
less than +5ºC. Concrete shall not be poured over elements, such as rebar and moulds etc.,
when their temperatures are less than 0ºC.
In general, concreting shall be suspended when it can be expected that, within the following
48 hours, the ambient temperature is going to drop below 0ºC.
When the concrete has been poured, its temperature has to remain above +5ºC until it has
hardened sufficiently.
Any procedure used to heat the concrete and formwork shall not have any effect on concrete
drying.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 52 / 82
In cases of absolute need, when concreting in freezing weather, all the necessary measures
shall be adopted to guarantee that during concrete setting and first hardening, no local
deterioration occurs to the corresponding elements or any appreciable permanent losses of
the strength characteristics of the material. If any type of damage is produced, the necessary
tests shall be performed to estimate the actual attained strength. Adopting whatever
measures are deemed necessary.
The use of antifreeze additions requires written Construction Site Manager authorization in
each case. No products susceptible to attacking the reinforcing shall be used, especially
those containing chlorine.
No used ingredient shall contain snow or ice.
Concrete shall be protected from freezing using procedures that are sufficiently recognised
in practice for a minimum time interval of 72 hours. This can be reduced to 36 hours when
setting accelerants are used.
As the work commences, the Sub-supplier shall propose to the Construction Site Manager
for approval, a concrete curing procedure that establishes the measures to be taken when
the minimum temperature falls below +6ºC on two consecutive days.
This procedure shall indicate at least the following:
If any deterioration is produced by freezing, the Sub-supplier shall take full responsibility for
repairing the damage caused.
 Number and locations of outside thermometers to be installed at the various

workplaces.
 Cubic metres (m3) of sand or soil available at the worksite for protecting
concrete surfaces and to keep them wet by frequent watering.
 Number of workers and work shifts.
 Awnings and other structures available at the worksite for protecting concrete
surfaces.
 Provisional water networks on site to be installed or failing this, auxiliary
machinery available onsite.
 Duration of protection measures.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 53 / 82
8.11. Concreting In Hot Weather
When concreting in hot weather, suitable measures shall be taken to prevent mixing water
evaporation, particularly during concrete transport and to reduce the concrete mass
temperature. ACI 305R, ASTM C 94 (AASHTO M 157) shall be followed
When concrete temperatures exceed 25 ºC, ASTM C 494 Type D and G, the Contractor will
take all necessary measures to control de temperature. Water reducing, high range water
reducing retarding admixtures, coverage of aggregates, cooling of mixing water or the
placement of storage tanks and mixing plants in shade shall be used in accordance with
manufacturer's recommendations.
Arrangement shall be made to keep the concrete aggregates cool to maintain the low
temperature of proposed concrete. Instead of using cooled water ice, tubes shall be used to
achieve cool concrete mix and for maintaining the less slump of concrete.
The necessary measures shall be adopted so that the concrete mass temperature does not
exceed 32ºC when poured onsite: max concrete temperature at the time of placing.
After concrete pouring, it shall be protected from the sun and especially from the wind to
avoid drying. To this end, the concrete components and the associated moulds or formwork
shall be protected from sunlight.
If the ambient temperature exceeds 40ºC or there is excessive wind, concreting operations
shall be suspended, except when special measures are adopted with prior express
Construction Site Manager Authorisation. This requires that, prior to commencing concrete
pouring, the Sub-supplier presents a proposal of the method to use to prevent the concrete
mass drying during setting and first hardening.
At the beginning of the work, the Sub-supplier shall propose to the Construction Site
Manager a concrete curing procedure containing the measures to take when the daily
maximum temperatures exceed 35ºC on two successive days.
This procedure shall indicate the following:
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 54 / 82
8.12. Non-Shrink Grout Fill-In Under Seating Plates, Boxes (Recesses) And Sleeves
Prior to non-shrink grout fill-in and before assembling the structure or equipment, all surfaces
to receive grout shall be prepared, cleaning them of all waste materials, water, oil, grease
and paint etc. Then the upper concrete layer shall be chipped, and all foreign material
removed, followed by the use of a fibre brush with abundant water.
When all seating plates, structures, rods and equipment are in their final positions, fully
aligned and levelled using the corresponding means, the Sub-supplier, with Construction
Site Manager approval, shall carry out another cleaning and wet the concrete surface
without producing any pools.
Two or three hours later, the fill-in grout shall be poured on only one side of the seating plate
so that all cavities, sleeves and boxes are completely filled and a uniform support is obtained
under the total seating plate surface. It shall be poured in a single operation and be
compacted using tamping or stemming with a metal bar until all bubbles and empty spaces
are eliminated.
When the grout has hardened, the wedges, levelling screws, supplementary plates and
other means used under the support base shall be removed, with subsequent fill-in with
mortar of the spaces produced by their removal. When the grout surface is hardened, the
edges shall be chamfered to 45º.
The grout layer thickness shall be in accordance with the project drawings approved for
construction (DAC). The grout pouring shall be made according to the manufacturer’s
procedures and instructions.
8.13. Execution of Sealing Joints
Their positions and dimensions shall be those indicated on the project drawings approved
for construction (DAC).
Their execution requires following the manufacturer’s recommendations approved by the
Construction Site Manager, in particular that referring to band welding, in prolongation as
well as flat angle, curved dihedral etc. and that referring to band securing to formwork and/or
rebar.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 55 / 82
It shall also be ensured that in hydro-expansive and pre-moulded joints they are arranged
in a confinement position within the concrete that guarantees efficiency and lack of damage
when expansion is produced.
8.14. Pile Head Removal (If Applicable)
The driven piles heads shall be demolished to leave them at the level specified on the
drawings and in case of being affected by the hammer, the sufficient length shall be repaired.
When the piles are concreted in situ, their heads shall not be demolished until they have
been accepted by the Construction Site Manager. Then they shall be demolished along a
minimum 50-cm length when the head is above the groundwater level and one and a half
times the diameter when the head is below.
The head removal operation in each case shall include head preparation for coupling the
immediate works unit, for which the rebar shall be straightened and cleaned and, in the case
of metal piles, coupling pins shall be similarly welded.
In the case of prestressed piles, a rebar cage shall be prepared to connect head and
foundation.
9. INSPECTION, CONTROL AND TOLERANCES
Construction Site Manager inspection and approval does not exempt the Sub-supplier from
any responsibility indicated in the contractual documents or satisfactory works execution.
9.1. Concrete Control
The control of components, quality, consistency (slump), compressive strength and other
concrete characteristics, and execution shall be according to ACI 304, ASTM C15, ACI 318,
ASTM C39 and ASTM C143 (fresh and hardened concrete tests) and also be in accordance
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 56 / 82
with the control levels, components and execution established in the Project and described
below.
Before commencing the work, the Sub-supplier shall present the Construction Site Manager
with a work testing plan and control procedures. The Construction Site Manager shall be
notified with sufficient prior notice of non-periodic tests so that it can attend and verify the
results.
The Sub-supplier shall be present at all strength testing performed on structures, equipment
and items affecting its executed works. Any failure, deterioration or breakage produced by
deficient work execution shall be corrected by the Sub-supplier, which shall be responsible
for all necessary demolition, new execution or reinforcement.
In all cases, the results of the tests performed by the Sub-supplier shall be sent to the
Construction Site Manager.
In addition, the Sub-supplier shall provide the Construction Site Manager with access to the
Works Laboratory and to those facilities at which testing is being carried out. It shall also
provide access to non-economic works documentation, to the various jobs or work sites and
third-party workshops and installations where works are being carried out.
9.2. Concreting Order Form
At least 24 hours before commencing concrete pouring, the Sub-supplier shall ask, in
duplicate, to the Construction Site Manager for concreting authorization, indicating the unit
or job to be concreted and the approximate volume of concrete to be poured in cubic meters,
the date and approximate time of the beginning the operation.
9.3. Inspection and Control Prior To Concreting
In accordance with the concreting authorization application presented by the Sub-supplier,

the Construction Site Manager shall carry out an inspection and control before concreting to
check falsework, formwork, joint preparation, contact surface cleaning, rebar, embedded
elements and anchor rods, etc., to verify the compliance with the required conditions.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 57 / 82
The acceptance criteria shall be the compliance of all and each applicable requirement in
accordance of this specification.
The Sub-supplier shall provide the topographic protocol for the part to be concreted,
indicating dimensions and bolts rods position, plates and column shafts etc. It shall be
verified that the dimensions are within acceptable tolerances.
9.4. Concreting Authorization
When inspection and control results are satisfactory, the Construction Site Manager shall
give written authorization to the Sub-supplier and keep a copy for itself.
Such authorization shall not exempt the Sub-supplier from its responsibility relating to the
works and materials that might reveal deficiencies after execution.
When inspection and control results are unsatisfactory, the Construction Site Manager shall
refuse authorization, notifying the Sub-supplier in written form and indicating the reasons.
9.5. Relation of Concrete Tests To Be Done Before To Start Construction
9.5.1. Previous laboratory tests
The proportioning of the Concrete will comply with the stipulations of article 6.4 of this
Specification.
In order to establish the concrete composition (or concrete family in case of several required
types), the Sub-supplier shall perform previous laboratory tests in the laboratory in order to
verify that the prescribed concrete satisfies the requirements specified for fresh and
hardened concrete, including consistence, density, strength, durability, resistance to a
chemical attack, protection of embedded steel against corrosion, and taking into account
the production process and the execution method.
The basis for designing and prescribing a concrete mixture proportion shall be the results
from initial laboratory tests, except when the Sub-supplier provides documents justifying a
composition obtained from long-term experience, taking into account the basic requirements
for constituent materials and concrete composition.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 58 / 82
In order to perform testing of concrete, at least four series of seven (7) specimens from each
mixing shall be tested.
The Contractor shall submit a detailed Method Statement containing the testing, sampling
and reporting to be carried out for each class of concrete. This shall include tests on fresh
concrete, hardened concrete, workability retention and trial panels.
As a minimum for each class of structural concrete the Contractor shall prepare the
following:
 three batches of concrete for testing fresh concrete and manufacturing
specimens for tests on hardened concrete
 one batch of concrete to carry out a workability retention trial
 one batch of concrete for trial panels.
A batch of concrete shall be a full truck load, representing the size of truck to be used on
the project. The concrete temperature shall be the specified maximum ± 2°C.
As a minimum the Contractor shall carry out the following tests on each batch of fresh
concrete:
 Two slump tests
 One measurement of concrete temperature
 One air content test
 One fresh density test
 One test for initial and final setting time
 One test for bleeding
For each class of concrete the Contractor shall make at least 52 individual cylinders tests to
be tested as three pairs at 7 days, three pairs at 14 days, and 20 pairs at 28 days.
 Durability tests shall be carried out as follows.

PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 59 / 82
For trials of blinding or un-reinforced concrete a minimum of 12 individual cylinders shall be

made and two pairs shall be tested at 7 days and four pairs tested at 28 days.
A separate workability retention trial shall be carried out using one full batch of concrete.
The truck should be taken to a trial location with the drum revolving at agitating speed. On
arrival the concrete should be remixed for 1 minute and a sample of two wheelbarrow loads
taken. The first shall be thrown to waste. The second shall be tested for slump (two
measurements) and temperature and the time recorded.
Testing shall continue at 15 minute intervals until the maximum allowable time plus 30
minutes, or when the slump falls below 50 mm. At all times the truck shall be exposed to
normal environmental conditions and the concrete temperature shall be at the specified
maximum ± 2°C.
 Trial panel:
One full batch of concrete shall be produced for the construction of a trial panel. The fresh
concrete shall be tested as specified above and at least ten cylinders shall be made. One
pair shall be tested for strength at 7 days and two pairs at 28 days. Four cylinders shall be
tested at early ages for formwork striking. Additional cylinders shall be made for tests
equivalent to those on the panel cores but water-cured for 28 days.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 60 / 82
The panel shall be at least 1.5 m high (including the base), 2.0 m long and 0.3 m thick. The
Contractor shall ensure stability by the provision of an enlarged base. The base and wall
shall be cast monolithically onto a sheet of polythene. The formwork shall be struck at the
time expected in normal use.
The panels shall be cured using the method specified in this Specification.
Core samples shall be taken from the panels and tested to satisfy the durability and
compressive strength requirements.
Samples of concrete for durability testing shall not be taken from the top 0.2 m, the 0.1 m at
the ends, or the 1.1 m directly above the enlarged base. Core samples shall not be taken at
a centre-to-centre spacing less than 3 x the diameter of the core. Cores shall be taken
horizontally to provide specimens for durability tests.
The Contractor shall manufacture and test sufficient trial panels to achieve the specified
strength and durability requirements and establish the efficacy of the proposed curing
procedures. Notwithstanding this requirement the minimum curing period shall be 10 days.
 Compressive strength
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 61 / 82
Unless specified otherwise, the compressive strength is determined on two specimen tested
at 3 days, other two at 7 days and other three, tested at 28 days.
The strength of a batch or load shall be taken to be the average of the test results.
The average of the tests results of all series shall be greater than the minimum characteristic
compressive strength for the specified compressive strength class in at least 8 Mpa:
Average X (4) > f (ck) + 8 Mpa
Concrete manufacturing shall not commence until the Construction Site Manager has
approved the working formula proposed by the Sub-supplier. This formula shall exactly
indicate:
 The size and grading of the combined aggregates.
 The mixturing proportions of cement, water and any additions per cubic metre of
fresh concrete.
 The consistency by the Abrams cone: slump.
The formula for a concrete shall be reconsidered if any of the factors below changes:
 Cement type.
 Type, absorption or size of the course aggregate.
 The granulometric modulus of the fine aggregate by more than 0.2.
 The nature or proportion of additions.
 The execution method
9.5.2. Strength Characteristics Tests
In order to check and confirm that the proportioning used for the concretes match the
durability and resistance criteria, these tests shall be done in the batch plant on site, prior to
the commencement of foundations concreting.
Consistency shall be that specified in this Specification: 50 -100 mm (without admixtures) or
100-150 mm (with admixtures) (ASTM C143)
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 62 / 82
The consistency value shall be determined using the Abrams cone.

Six series of nine (9) samples (three for 3 days, three for 7 days and three for 28 days) will
be taken for every type of concrete to be tested (from the batch plant)
The average of the three samples of each series, are ordered from smaller to bigger:
 X(1) < X(2) < X(3) < X(4) < X(5) < X(6)
Tests are considered valid if:
 Y = Average X(6) = { (X(1) + X(2) + X(3) + X(4) + X(5) + X(6) } / 6
 Y – 0,80 * ( X(6) – X(1) ) > = f’c
Concrete samples will be maintained inside the moulds, at least 16 hours, and the maximum
time to be on site will be 24 hours (for ambient temperatures between 15º C and 35º C), with
protection form wind and direct sun.
Concrete durability shall be checked. The low-pressure water penetration test is
recommended to this end. It shall be performed in accordance with ASTM C642 or local
equivalent, prior to commencing the works.
Due to the ambient conditions, the following requirements must be followed:
Three series of two samples will be taken for this test:
 Max penetration depth: Z(1) < Z(2) < Z(3)
 Average penetration test: T(1) < T(2) < T(3)
 Z(m) = (Z(1) + Z(2) + Z(3)) / 3 < 50 mm; Z(3) < 65 mm
 T(m) = (T(1) + T(2) + T(3)) / 3 < 30 mm; T(3) < 40 mm
9.6. Concrete Control Tests
Concrete samples shall be randomly taken in accordance with ASTM C172 and ASTM
C192. The minimum sample and concrete check ratio shall be in accordance with ACI 304,
for compression strength tests and in accordance with ASTM C15 for other characteristics
other than compression tests.
Minimum number of tests will be: eight (8) determinations of strength and slump (5
samples/each determination) out of first 50 m3 (batch) of concrete for reinforced concretes
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 63 / 82
(fc 25, fc 30 and fc 35). For plain concretes f ’20, three (3) determinations per 50 m3 are
enough.
After the first 50 m3, for reinforced concretes (fc 25, fc 30 and fc 35), six (6) determinations
every 100 m3 (batch). Annex 2 includes the formats for this control.
For poor or blind concrete fc 10, fc 15, one determination per 50 m3.
 Water/cement ratio: once per day
 Cement content: once per day
 Chlorides content of concrete: once per month
The number of strength determinations of masses N shall comply with ACI 304. The number
of test pieces in each determination shall always be five, two for breaking at seven days and
three at 28 days.
Two additional test specimens shall be taken for each batching, which shall be conserved
until works completion.
The average strength of test pieces tested at seven days shall be used only to make
decisions on mixturing proportions formula, in order to guarantee obtaining at 28 days, in
successive series, the characteristic compressive strength specified on the drawings. When
test piece breakage at seven days produces an average load of less than 0,6 f ’or 0,7 f ’
(depending on whether normal hardening or rapid hardening cement is used), the Sub-
supplier shall modify the working formula and double the number of control test pieces until
four consecutive series break at an average load above those previously indicated. This
shall be independent of any measures the Sub-supplier takes to establish the cause of the
strength reduction, the reasons for which and the correction procedure shall be notified to
the Construction Site Manager for approval.
The specimens tested at 28 days shall be used to determine the estimated characteristic
compressive strength (fest).
The acceptance criteria per batch shall be:
f ’, est = f (1) + f (2) – f (3) where f (1), f (2) and f (3) are values of strength in increasing
order of the n= 6 determinations per batch; f ’ est not less than 0,92 * f (1).
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 64 / 82
fc , est ≥ fc
When not accepted, the following section shall apply.

 When fest is less than 0.9 fc’ but equal to or greater than 0.80 fc’ the tests and
studies described in applicable sections of ACI 318 and specific codes shall be
performed. These studies and tests shall be at the expense of the Sub-supplier as
well as any applicable penalty for strength reduction.
 When fest is less than 0.80 fc (fest < 0.80 fc ), the Construction Site Manager shall
decide, in view of the pertinent tests and studies performed whether the affected
part of the works shall be demolished or indicate what measures shall be taken at
the expense of the Sub-supplier.
The evaluation of the Standard Deviation of the concrete batch Plants on Site will be done
following the tests shown in ACI 304: these tests and methodology are essential for the
validity of the concrete made at the Site batch Plants.
Concrete durability tests shall be carried out as follows:
To satisfy durability criteria, tests shall be carried out to ensure the following durability
requirements are satisfied:
 ASTM C 642: Standard Test Method for Density, Absorption and Voids in Hardened
Concrete
 Permeable voids < 10 per cent
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 65 / 82
 Water absorption < 4 per cent

 BS 1881, Part 122: Methods of Testing Concrete
 Water absorption < 2 per cent (<1 per cent for structure in contact with sea water)
Frequency and timing of durability test are specified in Annex 1
9.7. Appearance Of The Finished Works
The visible surfaces of parts and structures after formwork, falsework and mold removal
shall not show any cavities or irregularities that negatively affect structures behaviour or its
exterior appearance.
If any surfaces show defects when formwork is removed, it shall not be repaired until the
Construction Site Manager has made a decision. All anchored steel that extends beyond
surfaces and has no structural purpose shall be cut 10 mm inside the surface and the
resulting cavity filled with low retraction cement mortar.
Any parts of the concrete surface deemed defective by the Construction Site Manager shall
be removed until beyond the rebar in order to repair the concrete which shall be replaced
with concrete having the same characteristics as that of the element.
All cavities deemed defective by the Construction Site Manager shall be filled with cement
mortar after cleaning.
When considered necessary by the Construction Site Manager, or as indicated in the
Project, special mortars shall be used in areas to be repaired. These shall be used taking
into account the product manufacturers’ recommendations.
The Sub-supplier shall perform finishing as described on the drawings.
When the type of finish is not specified on the drawings, all concrete slabs, stairways and
platforms shall have a float finish, which shall be carried out by tamping the concrete with
suitable tools that move the course aggregate away from the surface, and then levelled with
a screed board.
When a particular grade or type of finish is required for practical or aesthetic reasons, the
requirements shall be directly specified or by surface templates.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 66 / 82
In general, for covering or filling anchor heads, holes, notches and boxes etc., that have to
be carried out after the hardened of the finished structure, cement mortars shall be similar
to those used in concreting these structures, but with removal of aggregate larger than 4
mm. All mortar surfaces shall be suitably finished.
The only permitted mortars on site will be manufactured, not prepared on site.
9.8. Tolerances
In the general case of structural elements, the tolerances of ACI 117M shall be taken into
consideration, together with those given below, but always using the most restrictive.
The location of any structural element shall not differ from that indicated on the drawings by
more than ±10 mm, except for foundations (without piles), where the centre of gravity
variation of the isolated foundation shall not exceed ±30 mm.
The elevations of the various structural elements shall not differ from those indicated on the
drawings by more than ±10 mm, except for foundations (without piles), which shall comply
applicable section of ACI 117M.
The location of any group of anchor rods shall not differ from that indicated on the drawings
by more tan ±10 mm and, within the same group, the relative positioning of anchor rods shall
not differ by more than ±5 mm from those on the drawings. In any case, tolerances shall
comply with the assembly tolerances of manufacturers.
The flatness of surface elements shall be such that when checked by a five-metre long ruler
in any direction, there shall be no difference exceeding 10 mm between ruler and surface
for hidden elements and 5 mm for visible concrete surfaces.
After formwork removal, but before executing the next element that affects the previous one,
the Sub-supplier shall carry out the corresponding geometric control and notify the
Construction Site Manager of its results. If values appear that exceed those previously
indicated, the Construction Site Manager instructions shall be followed, with respect to
acceptance, repair or demolition of the affected part.
Non-compliance regarding strengths and tolerances of the executed works shall not exclude
the Construction Site Manager from requiring other tests and trials in order to verify if this
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 67 / 82
complies with project requirements, with respect to any other defined characteristics, such
as permeability and density, etc.
10.MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT CRITERIA
10.1. Definitions
For the sole purpose of classification, the following elements are defined. If any doubts exist
in classification, the criteria established by the Construction Site Manager shall prevail.
Foundations
Buried elements or located on the ground, except ground floor slabs. This concept includes
isolated footings, combined footings, sliding footings, equipment foundations, combined
foundations, foundation slabs, tied beams, sheet piles and buried screens, pile caps,
pedestals and shaft of column support or equipment up to a maximum height of 50 cm over
the top paving level, complete equipment foundations forming a single foundation block and
all similar elements and those that can be assimilated.
Columns And Beams
Prismatic elements not supported on the ground, for which the ratio between the larger and
smaller dimensions of its transverse section is equal to or less than four.
Walls
Elements in which the height-thickness ratio in the transversal vertical section is greater than
four.
Structures
Elements that transmit their loads to the foundation (columns, beams and walls etc.).
Raised Slabs
Elements concreted over a supporting lower formwork and that transmit their loads to the
foundation through a structure, with an average thickness equal to less than 0.5 meter,
whatever the bottom shape.
Floors slabs and paving
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 68 / 82
Elements supported on their lower faces generally on the ground or on stone riprap and
slightly raised or not above the surrounding ground, with an average thickness equal to or
less than 0.40 metres, whatever the bottom shape.
Solid elements and fill-in
Mass or lightly reinforced concrete that is normally buried, but which cannot be considered
as foundations and which are used to fill-in areas, anchor underground piping, cable
conduits or achieve levels established on drawings.
Base, socle, wainscot
Small walls supported on the ground or a ground floor slab.
Mass concrete
Concrete without any reinforcement.
Lean concrete
Mass concrete on the ground or excavation bases for ground regulation, levelling and
cleaning.
Shoring and falsework
Provisional supports and horizontal formwork, with all their accessories, bracing, and
fastenings that transmit the loads to the ground during concreting and hardening.
When the average shoring height exceeds six metres (6 m), it is considered “falsework".
The average height shall be determined by the actual volume occupied by the falsework
referred to the plan projection of the element to be concreted, divided by this plan projection.
Elements embedded in concrete and anchor rods
Embedded elements are parts that are completely or partially immersed in the concrete and
may be fixed with anchor systems or not.
Anchor rods have a threaded end and the other end may have different arrangements, which
are either partially embedded or housed inside a sleeve or pipe.
In accordance with the above, the following can be distinguished:
A. Embedded elements
Profiles, plates, pipes and tubes etc., with anchor feet to fix them to the concrete. Other
elements, metal or non-metal, without anchor feet or with special anchor parts, such as pipes
and others.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 69 / 82
B. Anchor rods
Commercial rods, with arrangements according to the manufacturer.
Bars threaded at one end and bent to form various types of garrotte or simply cut at the
other end. Bars threaded at both ends with auxiliary plates.
Rods that are installed by drilling holes into previously produced concrete are considered as
being rods in hardened concrete and which are normally supplied by a specific
manufacturer, such as chemical and expansion rods and other similar ones.
C. Templates
Elements intended to situate the bolts or embedded elements according to their layout and
securing them during concreting of embedded and anchor elements.
10.2. Measurement Criteria
The measurement unit for each works unit type and characteristics shall be that
corresponding to the definition given in the pricing table.
Measurement shall be the theoretical, performed on the latest revision of project drawings
approved for construction (DAC), calculated from the dimensions stated on them and the
weights in the catalogues from the various manufacturers. When the document refers to
“drawings” in the following sections, it means the latest revision of the project drawings
approved for construction.
10.2.1. Concretes
This is measured in cubic metres (m3) that are calculated from the theoretic dimensions
defined on the drawings. Cavity volumes of less than 100 dm3 or the volumes occupied by
embedded parts shall not be calculated.
In cases in which the Construction Site Manager authorises concreting against the ground
a concrete excess of 10 cm on both sides of the part being concreted, with respect to the
dimensions indicated on the drawings, shall be credited.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 70 / 82
10.2.2. Formwork
This is measured in square metres (m2) that are calculated from the drawings, using the
surface areas of the concrete faces that are in contact with the formwork. Formwork that is
used to establish concreting joints not indicated on the drawings and formwork for box
formation shall not be measured.
10.2.3. Mesh
This is measured in square metres (m2) or kilograms (kg), according to the work unit
considered on the pricing table, considering the theoretic surfaces calculated from the
drawings and multiplying these by the weights per square metre given in the manufacturer’s
catalogue if the measurement is in kilograms. Overlaps shall not be measured or credited.
10.2.4. Reinforcement
This is measured in kilograms (kg), only the rebar indicated on the drawings approved for
construction and issued by Contractor, multiplying the lengths defined on the drawings by
the weights per linear metre from the manufacturer’s catalogue. Overlaps shall be credited
only for rebar indicated on the approved for construction drawings, with the dimensions
stated on the same. Overlaps shall be measured and credited for straight bars that are
longer than the commercial length of twelve metres. The lap lengths and credits for these
overlaps shall be calculated according to ACI 318. No types of supplementary rebar, trestles,
assembly reinforcement, cut-off points or surplus pieces, etc., shall be measured or credited.
In the case of elements in contact with soil, resin covering the bars will be included in the
price per kg of reinforcing steel.
10.2.5. Elements embedded in concrete and anchor rods
 Metal materials embedded in concrete shall be measured in kilograms (kg) calculated

from the corresponding catalogues.
 Anchor rods shall similarly be measured in kilograms (kg), except when executed in
hardened concrete in that case shall be measured in units.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 71 / 82
 Bolt sleeves shall be measured in units.

 Anchored steel feet shall be measured in units.
 Metal and PVC piping shall be measured in linear metres (m) calculated from the
drawings.
 Templates for bolt marking out and installation (only for turbine templates) shall be
measured and credited according to the theoretic kilograms indicated on drawings that
shall be prepared by the Sub-supplier and approved by the Construction Site Manager.
No other templates shall be credited.
 Any necessary supplementary element required for a good execution, commonly
manufactured from wood, and lightweight mesh etc., which prevent horizontal
movement of anchor elements, such as rods for pumps, exchangers and small
structures etc., shall not be considered as creditable templates (for manufacture or
installation).
 In all cases, the templates shall be supplied and assembled by the civil works sub-
supplier, except when indicated otherwise by the Construction Site Manager or on the
drawings.
10.2.6. Pile head removing
This shall be measured in units, according to type and size.

Pile head removal shall include rebar straightening and preparation for joining to the pile
caps, the transport of demolition products to a landfill (including landfill fee) and preparation
of the pile surface to embed in the pile cap.
Head removing forms part of and are included on the corresponding unit price.
10.2.7. Formation of cavities in concrete
Passes and boxes shall be credited by units according to displaced volume and included on
the price list. If the volume exceeds 90 dm3, it shall be credited as formwork of the
corresponding unit.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 72 / 82
10.2.8. Mortar for levelling, filling-on boxes and mortar layers for slopes
This shall be measured in dm3, theoretically calculated from the drawing dimensions with
the apparent density indicated in the manufacture’s catalogue.
10.2.9. Joints
Joints shall be measured in linear metres (m), calculated from the drawing dimensions or by
the arrangement indicated by the Construction Site Manager, except where indicated in the
pricing list as a proportional part of other units.
Sealing material for joints shall be measured in linear metres, independently of the actual
joint measurement, except where including in the pricing list as part of the joint and according
to its composition.
10.2.10. Concrete surface finishes treatment
This shall be measured in square metres (m2), measured on the drawing or, when is not
possible, on the actual surface to treat, with prior acceptance by the Construction Site
Manager, except where indicated in the pricing list as forming part of the paving units
according to its finish.
10.2.11. Fill-in for repair of concrete elements
When defects to be repaired were not produced by defective execution of the element by
the Sub-supplier and is requested by the Construction Site Manager, they shall be measured
in cubic decimetres (dm3) on the repair to carry out, with prior approval of volume by the
10.3. Payment Criteria
This shall be carried out applying the corresponding unitary prices from the pricing list to the
measurements obtained with the criteria given in the previous section.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 73 / 82
The unit prices are referred to completely finished works units and therefore include all
direct, indirect, labour, equipment, materials, marking out, testing, supplementary means,
works cleaning, protections, indications, taxes and all other costs involved in executing and
completing the work correctly, except VAT.
The most significant costs included in each works unit are given below without being
exclusive.
10.3.1. Marking out
Marking out, verifications, control means and periodic measurement.
10.3.2. Testing
All necessary testing and sampling indicated in this specification.
10.3.3. Materials
When the price includes supply, all the necessary materials for execution of the various
works units.
10.3.4. Storage
Storage and control of all materials to be supplied by the Sub-supplier and those supplied
by third parties, but which are affected by units executed by the Sub-supplier and under its
responsibility.
10.3.5. Cleaning
Cleaning and labour required to keep the workplace always thoroughly clean, during and
after works execution, including removal and transport of rubble and surplus materials to
landfill or other site as indicated by the Construction Site Manager, among others.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 74 / 82
10.3.6. Labour, equipment and installations
All necessary direct and indirect labour, indications, protections and other auxiliary means
that have to be used or installed.
10.3.7. Concretes
The preparation, transport, joint preparation, pouring, vibration and curing, and in general,
all additions proposed by the Contractor to facilitate pouring shall be approved by the
Construction Site Manager or be indicated on the drawings.
Volumes of concrete which, for reasons of excess or over-widths in underground civil works
and other civil works that do not require formwork to delimit them, except when credit is
expressly approved by the Construction Site Manager.
10.3.8. Formwork
Preparation in workshop or onsite of the materials to use, assembly and installation, surface
preparation with releasing agent or other means prior to concreting, fitting of strengtheners
to prevent deformation exceeding that indicated in this specification, vigilance and correction
during concreting, wedges, chamfer strips and scaffolding, shoring or falsework and
subsequent formwork removal.
Diagrams and calculations required for construction and which a deemed necessary by the
Falsework , when required, with all scaffolding elements, execution and removal, including
the necessary falsework for lateral slabs, together with previous study, with justifying
drawings and calculations and study of the falsework unloading system in the case of domes
or large-span elements, for the purpose of controlling concrete deformation during formwork
removal.
10.3.9. Welded wire fabric and rebar
Preparation in workshop and onsite of the parts supplied in commercial dimensions to be

adjusted to that indicated on drawings and in specifications, transport and final installation,
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 75 / 82
cleaning and fitting or spacers, strengtheners and ties that guarantee securing of parts
during concreting, surplus, cut-offs, overlaps, feet, garrottes and bends.
10.3.10. Elements embedded in concrete
Securing elements, welding, strengtheners that guarantee shape and position, templates
that are not creditable and cut-offs from elements shall be supplied by the Sub-supplier and
third-parties.
Bending and point removal in rung-iron steps. Piping cut-offs and supplementary elements
that are required for anchoring.
10.3.11. Pile head removal
Demolition, rebars cutting and bending, rebar and concrete surface cleaning and removal of
products to the localization indicated by the Construction Site Manager. If the Sub-supplier
breaks rebar during pile head removal, the Constructor shall anchor them back again to the
pile head using epoxy resin. The cost of materials and repair execution shall also be
considered included in the unit price.
In metal piles, cutting and removal of surplus to the location indicated by the Construction
Site Manager, including the supply, shaping, welding, straightening, bending and all that is
necessary to install the concrete anchor system.
10.3.12. Formation of cavities in concrete
Formwork expanded polystyrene and any other necessary auxiliary element.
10.3.13. Fill-in and levelling mortar
Formwork, levelling, screeding and everything required for correct execution of the
corresponding work unit.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 76 / 82
10.3.14. Joints between concrete elements
Preparation of the joint and concrete surface, all joint surplus and cut-offs, including cleaning
and final finishing.
10.3.15. Concrete surface treatment
Preparation of surface to treat or repair, application, cut-offs and surplus.
10.3.16. Drilling hardened concrete elements
Drilling operation, cleaning, positioning of element to anchor and the supply and application
of the epoxy resin or mortar to fill in the drill hole are considered included in the price of the
expansion bolt or bar to anchor.
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 77 / 82
ANNEX 1. LIST OF TEST

PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 78 / 82
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 79 / 82
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 80 / 82
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 81 / 82
PROJECT:

80006

ABENGOA 82 / 82

r13 I12b01 Abg 09 Yta00 SPC CD 80006 - Rev00 - Concrete For Marine Works Ts - Tein

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

r13 I12b01 Abg 09 Yta00 SPC CD 80006 - Rev00 - Concrete For Marine Works Ts - Tein

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Owner:

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

00 Issue for approval MSB FPMG FBUS/DMTC 21/10/2021

REV DESCRIPTION PREPARED CHECKED APPROVED DATE

CONCRETE FOR MARINE WORKS TS_TEIN

DOCUMENT No.: R13-I12B01-ABG-09-YTA00-SPC-CD-80006 Rev 00

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

00 21/010/2021 ALL ALL First submission

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

3. CODES AND STANDARDS ...................................................................................... 7

4. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS .................................................................... 11

5. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................... 12

6. DEFINITION OF THE WORKS TO BE EXECUTED .................................................. 13

7. MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS ............................................................................. 15

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

8. GENERAL EXECUTION PROVISIONS .................................................................... 30

8.6. Concrete Pouring ....................................................................................................... 45

9. INSPECTION, CONTROL AND TOLERANCES ........................................................ 55

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

9.5.2. Strength Characteristics Tests ..................................................................................................61

9.6. Concrete Control Tests............................................................................................... 62

10. MEASUREMENT AND PAYMENT CRITERIA ...................................................... 67

10.3. Payment Criteria......................................................................................................... 72

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

10.3.16. Drilling hardened concrete elements ........................................................................................76

ANNEX 1. LIST OF TEST ............................................................................................ 77

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

3. CODES AND STANDARDS

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

1. BS 6349 2. : Code of practice for Maritime Structures

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

29. BS EN 12504 30. : Testing concrete in structures

CIRIA Publication: C660 : Early-age thermal crack control in concrete

• Project reference documents

- Marine Works Basis of Design

4. DEFINITIONS AND ABBREVIATIONS

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

• ASME: American Society of Mechanical Engineers

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

6. DEFINITION OF THE WORKS TO BE EXECUTED

6.1. Technical Documentation

The works to be executed are defined by the following documents:

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

6.2. Particular Project Technical Provisions

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project

Concrete for Marine Works TS _TEIN

7.1. Basic Requirements and Reception of Materials

Red Sea Utility Assets and Infrastructure Project