Momentum

➢mass in motion
➢The product of the
mass of an object an its
velocity.
p = mv
Variables
P – momentum
(kg.m/s)
m – mass (kg)
v – velocity (m/s)
Formulas
p = mv
v = p/m
m = p/v
Ex. convert km/h to m/s
Covert 80 km/h to m/s
80 x 1000 m = 80,000 m = 22.22 m/s
3,600 s
1hr = 60 min
1min = 60 s
60min x 60 = 3600
Sample problem

➢pages 376 - 337

Impulse
➢Is the product of the
unbalanced force acting
on an object and the time
for which the force react.
I = Ft
Variables
I – impulse (N.s)
𝟐
F – force (kg.m/𝒔 or N)
t – time (hr, s)
Mvf –final momentum (m/s)
Mvi – initial momentum (m/s)
p – change in momentum
 (if the object becomes at rest
Formulas after the impulse acted)

I =Ft
F = I/t
t = I/F
Impulse-momentum theorem

➢Shows that a large

impulse creates a great
change in momentum of a
body.
I = p or I =mvf - mvi
Impulse-momentum theorem

➢Shows that a large

impulse creates a great
change in momentum of a
body.
I = p or I =mvf - mvi
Variables
I – impulse (N.s)
𝟐
F – force (kg.m/𝒔 or N)
t – time (hr, s)
Mvf –final momentum (m/s)
Mvi – initial momentum (m/s)
p – change in momentum
 (if the object did not stop

Formulas instead there was a change in

momentum)

I = mvf – mvi or Ft = mvf – mvi

F =mvf – mvi / t
t = mvf – mvi / F
Sample problem (I and P)

See page 380

1 and 2
Sample Problem

follow GUFSA
1. What is the momentum
of a 2kg ball traveling at 4
m/s?
1. What is the momentum of a 2kg
ball traveling at 4 m/s?
G: v = 4 m/s
m = 2 kg
U: p =?
F: p = mv
S: p = mv
= (2kg) (4m/s)
= 8 kg.m/s
Sample Problem (follow GUFSA)

2. A 2250 kg car traveling to

the west is slowed down
uniformly from 20.0 m/s to
5.00 m/s in 4 seconds. What is
the constant force acted on
the car during this time?
G: m = 2250 kg t = 4.00 s
Vi = 20.0m/s Vf = 5.0m/s
U: F=?
F: F = mvf – mvi
t
S: F = (2250 kg)(5m/s) – (2250kg) (20m/s)
4s
= 11250kg.m/s – 4500 kg.m/s
4s
= - 33750 kg.m/s
4s
F = - 8437.5 N
Let’s Practice!
SW (momentum)

1. A 275 kg motorcycle moves

at a velocity of 60 km/h. Find
the magnitude of its
momentum. (convert km/h to
m/s)
SW (momentum)

2. Calculate the velocity of a

1375 kg car with a momentum
of 35,000 kg.m/s?
SW (impulse momentum)

3) A 430 kg tricycle traveling at 30

km/h slows down to 10 km/h in 5
seconds as it approaches a road
intersection. How much force was
applied on the brakes of the
tricycle? What is the impulse
exerted on the vehicle?
SW (impulse momentum)

4) How much force is

needed to stop a 4000 kg
traveling at 80 km/h in 18
seconds?