석션기초 관입중 좌굴강도 변동에 관한 연구

2022.06.21

홍관영 : (주)에드벡트
김성민 : (주)에드벡트
최광규 : (주)에드벡트

-1-
연구배경
석션기초 좌굴발생 사례

석션기초 제원

직경 16m / 스커트 길이 15m / 스커트 두께 25mm

자체중량 약 400톤

좌굴발생 사고

석션기초 약 6.8m 지중관입 중

석션기초에 설치바지선이 충돌

석션기초 좌굴 발생

석션관입 실패

석션버켓 좌굴발생 해당 좌굴사고 이후

석션기초의 상세 좌굴해석의 중요성 강조

참고문헌 : S. Madsen 외 2명, “Numerical buckling analysis of large suction caissons for wind turbines on deep water, 2013”
Structural Engineering & Design Department -2-
연구배경
요구 석션압 vs 석션기초 좌굴성능

Initial Reduced
capacity capacity

Structural Engineering & Design Department -3-

연구목표

FE해석을 통한 석션기초 근입중 좌굴성능 변화 분석

독일 빌헬름샤벤 석션기초 좌굴성능 확인

결론 및 제언

Structural Engineering & Design Department -4-

유한요소 해석모델 검토
원통형 쉘 모델

Cylinder Steel material

Poisson’s Yield
Outer diameter Thickness Length Young’s modulus Unit weight
ratio strength
6m 0.02m 10m 2.1×105MPa 0.3 7.85ton/m³ 345MPa

Diameter : 6m
Shell elements : 19,200ea Elasto-Perfectly plastic material model
Thickness : 20mm

Length : 10m

Structural Engineering & Design Department -5-

유한요소 해석모델 검토
해석조건

Bending

Coupling all DOF of

Reference node Circumference nodes with
the Reference node Axial force Torsion
Shear force

Boundary condition
: Fixed translate X, Y, Z

Lateral Hydrostatic
pressure pressure

• ANSYS를 이용하여 비선형 좌굴해석 수행

• 하중성분 별 석션버켓 기초의 좌굴용량 산정

Structural Engineering & Design Department -6-

유한요소 해석모델 검토
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Critical buckling & Initial yield
(Force : 109.768 MN)
Critical buckling
& Initial yield

Proportional limit

Proportional limit
(Force : 107.306 MN)

Structural Engineering & Design Department -7-

유한요소 해석모델 검토
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Initial yield & Proportional limit
(Moment : 174.31 MN-m)

Critical buckling

Initial yield &

Proportional limit

Structural Engineering & Design Department -8-

유한요소 해석모델 검토
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Initial yield
(Torsion : 180.208 MN-m)

Initial yield Critical buckling

Proportional limit

Proportional limit
(Torsion : 163.588 MN-m)

Structural Engineering & Design Department -9-

유한요소 해석모델 검토
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Initial yield & Proportional limit
(Force : 19.126 MN)
Critical buckling

Initial yield &

Proportional limit

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 10 -

유한요소 해석모델 검토
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Critical buckling
(Pressure : 0.29259 MPa)

Critical buckling Initial yield

Proportional limit
(Pressure : 0.08160 MPa)

Proportional limit

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 11 -

유한요소 해석모델 검토
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Critical buckling
(Pressure : 0.26553 MPa)

Initial yield
Critical buckling

Proportional limit
(Pressure : 0.08097 MPa)

Proportional limit

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 12 -

유한요소 해석모델 검토
원통형 구조물의 좌굴 설계코드

원통형 실린더 쉘(shell)의 탄성좌굴강도

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 13 -

유한요소 해석모델 검토
비선형해석 vs 탄성좌굴 설계코드

Nonlinear analysis DNVGL-RP-C202(2017)

Proportional limit Critical point
Component Elastic buckling strength
Nominal stress Nominal stress
Limit load Critical load fE (MPa)
fP (MPa) fC (MPa)
Axial force 107.306 MN 285.59 109.768 MN 292.14 299.58
Bending moment 174.31 MN-m 311.35 174.31 MN-m 311.35 345.93
Torsion 163.588 MN-m 141.53 180.208 MN-m 155.91
98.26
Shear force 19.126 MN 67.87 19.126 MN 67.87
Lateral Circumference 18.26 43.58
0.08160 MPa 0.29259 MPa 19.13
pressure Longitudinal 9.13 21.79
Hydrostatic Circumferential 16.14 39.83
0.08097 MPa 0.26553 MPa 18.95
pressure Longitudinal 8.07 19.91

95% 90% 144%

69%

64% 64%

32% 32%

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 14 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
석션기초

Suction bucket Steel material

Poisson’s Yield
Outer diameter Thickness Length Young’s modulus Unit weight
ratio strength
5m 0.019m 16.9m 2.1×105MPa 0.3 7.85ton/m³ 345MPa

Shell elements : 8,240ea Elasto-Perfectly plastic material model

Diameter : 5.0m
Thickness : 19mm

Length : 16.9m

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 15 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
지반조건

Undrained Shear Strength(kPa)

Layer Depth GL.(-) USCS N-Value
γm

Soil Silty clay 0.0~34.2 CL 26.4 0/0~3/30

Depth : 1.37m / 4.0m / 8.0m / 12.0m / 15.0m

Mohr-Coulomb material model

15.0m

1.37m

Solid elements : 15,022ea Solid elements : 160,950ea

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 16 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
하중조건 & 경계조건

Vertical load

Suction Suction
pressure pressure

Gravity

Suction Suction Suction Suction

pressure pressure pressure pressure

Fixed lateral displacement of

Fixed vertical displacement of soil soil model side
model bottom

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 17 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
해석 Case

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 18 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

First step (SP) Proportional limit (SP) Critical buckling (SP)

First step (SP-VF) Proportional limit (SP-VF) Critical buckling (SP-VF)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 19 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

Critical buckling (SP)

(125.751 kPa)

Critical buckling (SP-VF)

(125.55 kPa)
Proportional limit (SP)
(71.04 kPa)

Proportional limit (SP-VF)

(55.602 kPa)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 20 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

First step (SP) Proportional limit (SP) Critical buckling (SP)

First step (SP-VF) Proportional limit (SP-VF) Critical buckling (SP-VF)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 21 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

Critical buckling (SP)

(146.784 kPa)

Critical buckling (SP-VF)

(146.532 kPa)
Proportional limit (SP)
(98.262 kPa)

Proportional limit (SP-VF)

(84.438 kPa)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 22 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

First step (SP) Proportional limit (SP) Critical buckling (SP)

First step (SP-VF) Proportional limit (SP-VF) Critical buckling (SP-VF)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 23 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

Critical buckling (SP)

(228.708 kPa)

Proportional limit (SP)

(189.303 kPa) Critical buckling (SP-VF)
(228.441 kPa)

Proportional limit (SP-VF)

(179.628 kPa)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 24 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

First step (SP) Proportional limit (SP) Critical buckling (SP)

First step (SP-VF) Proportional limit (SP-VF) Critical buckling (SP-VF)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 25 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

Proportional limit (SP) Critical buckling (SP)

(476.35 kPa) (497.35 kPa)

Critical buckling (SP-VF)

Proportional limit (SP-VF) (496.73 kPa)
(473.68 kPa)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 26 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

First step (SP) Proportional limit (SP) Critical buckling (SP)

First step (SP-VF) Proportional limit (SP-VF) Critical buckling (SP-VF)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 27 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과

Initial Yield (SP-VF)

(916.32 kPa)

Proportional limit (SP-VF) Initial Yield (SP) & Proportional limit

(818.52 kPa) (918.27 kPa)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 28 -

근입깊이별 석션기초의 좌굴성능
SF vs SF-VF

Suction pressure (kPa)

Penetration
SP SP-VF
(m)
Proportional limit Critical step Proportional limit Critical step
1.37 71.04 125.751 55.602 125.55
4.0 98.262 146.784 84.438 146.532
8.0 189.303 228.708 179.628 228.441
12.0 476.35 497.35 473.68 496.73
15.0 918.27 918.27 818.52 916.32

89%

99%

95%

78% 86%

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 29 -

석션 관입중 충돌 발생시 석션기초의 좌굴성능
충돌조건

: 8m 관입중 충돌체에 의한 충돌

Collision event

12.5m
Added
vertical
load 44m

Horizontal
load

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 30 -

석션 관입중 충돌 발생시 석션기초의 좌굴성능
하중조건

: 자중+수직하중+충돌하중+추가수직하중 하에서 석션압 작용

Added vertical load
+
: 충돌하중(Impact load) = 1.0MN으로 가정 (프로젝트 참조)
Vertical load
: 추가수직하중(Added vertical load)

= (1.0MN × 44m) / 12.5m = 3.52MN

Impact load Suction
pressure

Gravity

Suction Suction
pressure pressure

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 31 -

석션 관입중 충돌 발생시 석션기초의 좌굴성능
Proportional limit (SP-VF)
비선형 좌굴해석 결과 (Pressure : 179.628 kPa)

Proportional limit (SP-VF)

(179.628 kPa)

Proportional limit (SP-VF-IMP)

Proportional limit (SP-VF-IMP) (Pressure : 167.124 kPa)
(167.124 kPa)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 32 -

석션 관입중 충돌 발생시 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Suction pressure (kPa)
Penetration
SP SP-VF SP-VF-IMP
(m)
Proportional limit Critical step Proportional limit Critical step Proportional limit Critical step
8.0 189.303 228.708 179.628 228.441 167.124 230.763

100% 100%

95%
88%
∆5%
∆7%

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 33 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
원통형 쉘 모델

Diameter : 16m
직경 16m / 스커트 길이 15m / 스커트 두께 25mm
석션기초 약 6.8m 지중관입 중 충돌후 좌굴발생

Length : 10m
Thickness : 25mm

“유한요소 해석모델 검토” 조건과 동일

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 34 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Initial yield
(Axial : 291.904 MN)
Critical buckling

Initial yield &

Proportional limit

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 35 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Initial yield
(Bending : 1209.54 MN-m)

Critical buckling

Proportional limit

Initial yield

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 36 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Critical buckling & Initial yield
Critical buckling (Torsion : 1060.14 MN-m)
& Initial yield
Proportional limit

Proportional limit
(Torsion : 950.37 MN-m)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 37 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Initial yield
Critical buckling (Shear : 127.152 MN)
Initial yield
Proportional limit

Proportional limit
(Torsion : 122.838 MN)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 38 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Critical buckling
(Pressure : 0.11612 MPa)

Critical buckling

Initial yield

Proportional limit
Proportional limit (Pressure : 0.04435 MPa)

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 39 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형 좌굴해석 결과
Critical buckling
(Pressure : 0.08631 MPa)

Critical buckling
Initial yield

Proportional limit
(Pressure : 0.03466 MPa)
Proportional limit

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 40 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비선형해석 vs 탄성좌굴 설계코드

Nonlinear analysis DNVGL-RP-C202(2017)

Linear limit Critical point
Component Elastic buckling strength
Nominal stress Nominal stress
Limit load Critical load fE (MPa)
fP (MPa) fC (MPa)
Axial force 291.904 MN 232.65 291.904 MN 232.65 112.20
Bending moment 1209.54 MN-m 241.76 1209.54 MN-m 241.76 138.15
Torsion 950.37 MN-m 92.01 1060.14 MN-m 102.64
62.50
Shear force 122.838 MN 130.54 127.152 MN 135.12
Lateral Circumference 14.19 37.16
0.04435 MPa 0.11612 MPa 16.85
pressure Longitudinal 7.10 18.58
Hydrostatic Circumferential 11.09 27.62
0.03466 MPa 0.08631 MPa 16.34
pressure Longitudinal 5.54 13.81

207% 175%
209%
147%

84%
68%
42%
34%

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 41 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
비례한도 vs 탄성좌굴강도
Nonlinear analysis / DNVGL-RP-C202

Case D/t Bending Lateral pressure Hydrostatic pressure

Axal force Torsion Shear force
moment
Circu. Longi. Circu. Longi.
D6m × L10m (20t) 300 0.95 0.90 1.44 0.69 0.64 0.32 0.64 0.32
D16m× L10m (25t) 640 2.07 1.75 1.47 2.09 0.84 0.42 0.68 0.34

207% 209%

175%

147%

144%

95% 84%
90% 68%

69%
64% 42% 68%
34%

32% 32%

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 42 -

빌헬름샤벤 석션기초의 좌굴성능
임계좌굴용량 vs 탄성좌굴강도
Nonlinear analysis / DNVGL-RP-C202

Case D/t Bending Lateral pressure Hydrostatic pressure

Axal force Torsion Shear force
moment
Circu. Longi. Circu. Longi.
D6m × L10m (20t) 300 0.98 0.90 1.59 0.69 2.29 1.15 2.10 1.05
D16m× L10m (25t) 640 2.07 1.75 1.64 2.16 2.21 1.10 1.69 0.85

229%

207% 216% 221% 210%

175%
164%

169%
159%

115%
105%
110%

98%
90%
85%

69%

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 43 -

결론

• FE 해석을 통해 석션기초 관입중 좌굴성능 변화 분석

유한요소 해석모델 설계코드 결과

- 석션압과 같은 하중에 대해서 설계코드가 해석모델의 석션기초 좌굴성능 보다 과대 평가됨.

근입깊이가 증가

석션 관입중

- 하지만 설계된 석션기초가 좌굴이 유발될 정도의 현저한 좌굴성능(비례한도) 저하는 보이지 않음.

• 빌헬름샤벤 석션기초 좌굴성능 검토

임계좌굴용량(비선형해석) 설계코드의 탄성좌굴강도

• 석션기초에 대한 좌굴검토시 FE 해석을 통한 상세 검토가 필요함

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 44 -

 Thank you for your attention

Structural Engineering & Design Department - 45 -