“Descriptive Statistics: Exercise 2”

Submitted to:
Dr. Erlinda Alejandrino

Submitted by:
Mitra, Maria Sarah Luciae U.
An observational study on the waiting time in minutes (time the customer enters the line until he/she is
served) was conducted by the mangers of McDonalds and Jollibee in Angeles City to develop an
improved process of serving customers duing the 11:00-1:00 pm peak lunch period. The study was
conducted over a period of one week. A random sample of 20 customers is selected by the managers
and the results are as follow (data not actual).

McDonalds
5.29 6.30 7.31 7.43 5.30 6.33 7.32 8.27 5.34 6.35
7.39 8.29 6.30 7.20 7.40 8.30 6.30 7.30 7.42 9.59

Jollibee
3.20 5.00 5.59 6.50 3.35 5.00 5.59 6.55 4.50 5.30
6.00 7.30 4.52 5.40 6.20 7.33 4.55 5.55 6.30 7.40

1. Set-up an ascending ordered array for the data

McDonalds
5.29 5.30 5.34 6.30 6.30 6.30 6.33 6.35 7.20 7.30
7.31 7.32 7.39 7.40 7.42 7.43 8.27 8.29 8.30 9.59

Jollibee
3.20 3.35 4.50 4.52 4.55 5.00 5.00 5.30 5.40 5.55
5.59 5.59 6.00 6.20 6.30 6.50 6.55 7.30 7.33 7.40

2. Determine the following descriptive summary measures before and after application of new method:

McDonalds Jollibee
Measure of Location
Mean 7.04 5.56
Median 7.31 5.57
Mode 6.30 (Unimodal) 5.00 and 5.59 (Bimodal)
(20+1)*0.25
First Quartile 6.30 4.66 (n+1)*0.25
(20+1)*0.75
Third Quartile 7.43 6.45 (n+1)*0.75
Midhinge 6.87 5.56
Midrange 7.44 5.30
Measures of Variation
Range 4.30 4.20
Interquartile Range 1.13 1.79
Coefficient of Variation 15.77% 21.40%
Skewness Negatively skewed Negatively skewed
3. Compute for the variance using this table:
Before Application After Application
Sq.
Xi Mean Sq. Diff. Xi Mean Diff.
5.29 7.04 3.06 3.20 5.56 5.57
5.30 7.04 3.03 3.35 5.56 4.88
5.34 7.04 2.89 4.50 5.56 1.12
6.30 7.04 0.55 4.52 5.56 1.08
6.30 7.04 0.55 4.55 5.56 1.02
6.30 7.04 0.55 5.00 5.56 0.31
6.33 7.04 0.50 5.00 5.56 0.31
6.35 7.04 0.48 5.30 5.56 0.07
7.20 7.04 0.03 5.40 5.56 0.03
7.30 7.04 0.07 5.55 5.56 0.00
7.31 7.04 0.07 5.59 5.56 0.00
7.32 7.04 0.08 5.59 5.56 0.00
7.39 7.04 0.12 6.00 5.56 0.19
7.40 7.04 0.13 6.20 5.56 0.41
7.42 7.04 0.14 6.30 5.56 0.55
7.43 7.04 0.15 6.50 5.56 0.88
8.27 7.04 1.51 6.55 5.56 0.98
8.29 7.04 1.56 7.30 5.56 3.03
8.30 7.04 1.59 7.33 5.56 3.13
9.59 7.04 6.50 7.40 5.56 3.39
Total 23.56 Total 26.95

Before Application After Application

Variance 1.24 1.42

Standard
Deviation
1.11 1.19
4. Answer the following questions:
a. Which is the best measure to describe the central tendency of the waiting time in Jollibee? Why?
The best measure under to the circumstances would be the median. This measure is better used for
skewed data.Since this is not influenced by extremely high or low values. Central tendency is a
summary measure that makes an effort to describe the given data, which is ordinarily the center of
its distribution. Since a median usually represents what is the middle value in a set of data, this
might be helpful in identifying the central tendency of the waiting time at Jollibee. As a result, the
median would better capture this data's overall significance and serve to describe the central
tendency of the Jollibee waiting time.
b. Which is the best measure to describe the variation of the waiting time in Jollibee?
Why?
The interquartile range would fit this data set the best. In order to describe and comprehend the
overall significance of a set of data, this measure is frequently used in conjunction with the median.
This is advantageous for skewed data as well. This measure also describes values that come from
the centre of the distribution; as a result, it is less susceptible to being impacted by data sets that
contain outliers. In ine with this, this measure can describe the variation of the waiting time in
Jollibee by assessing the range of the middle half of the waiting time in the given set of data. And
then identifying how far these values are in comparison to the central value.
c. Suppose that the manager of Jollibee would like to guarantee a certain level of service during the
peak lunch period. Failure to obtain service within the specified time would mean lost reputation.
What waiting time should be used as a cut-off. Why?
The time that may be used can be 6.76. As this was calculated by adding the standard deviaiton of
1.19 and the mean of 5.57. The waiting time was calculated using the mean since it represents the
average value across the provided set of data. The standard deviation measures how widely apart
the data points are from the central value. The value of the standard deviation can aim to complete
the picture of the central value as well as the points that are dispersed from it because the mean
does not adequately depict the entire set of a given collection of data. Customers won't want to
wait any longer for Jollibee to serve them if it doesn't arrive at this time.
HANDWRITTEN SOLUTION: