‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬

‫‪UoT‬‬
‫ﻗ ﺴﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴ ﺔ ‪ /‬ﻓﺮع اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ ‪-‬أﻣ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫ﺜﺎل ‪4.1:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ‬

‫ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﺪد وﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﺪورة ﻟﻠﺤﺮارة‬

‫ﺗﺞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪد واﺳ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﺎ‬

‫ﺘﺎﻟﻴ ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎ ت اﻟ‬‫ﺒﺎدﻟ ﺔ ‪ ،‬اﻧﻈﺮ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺢ ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘ‬‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ اﻟﻤ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫دورة اﻟ‬
‫‪4.0‬‬
‫‪1100‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪0 .85‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪0.87‬‬
‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪0.99‬‬
‫‪-ℎ‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪0.80‬‬
‫‪-‬‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫د‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2٪‬‬

‫‪-ℎ‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫د‬ ‫‪3٪‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪-ℎ‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫د‬ ‫‪0.04‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪.‬‬

‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪2881‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪0.98‬‬
‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪43100‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل‪:‬‬

‫‪01‬‬ ‫‪= = 288‬و‬ ‫‪01‬‬ ‫‪==1‬‬

‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬
‫)‪0102‬‬
‫([ ‪01‬‬ ‫]‪- 1‬‬
‫‪288‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬ ‫‪[4 0. ⁄ .4 - 1] = 164.70.85‬‬

‫‪02‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪+ 164.7 = 288 + 164.7 = 452.7‬‬
‫‪01‬‬

‫ﺻﺎﻓ ﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﻀﺎﻏﻂ‪:‬‬

‫=‬ ‫‪02‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪- 01) = 1.005 × 164.7 = 165.524‬أوم‬
‫و‬

‫ﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻟﻀﺎﻏﻂ ﻟﻜﻞ وﺣﺪةﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺟﻤﺎﻋ ﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨ ﻲ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮ ب ﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟ‬
‫‪165.524‬‬
‫==‬
‫‪= 167.2 ⁄‬‬
‫‪0.99‬‬

‫=‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪ℎ،‬‬

‫‪03‬‬
‫‪02 (1 -‬‬ ‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪) = 4.0 (1 - 0.02 - 0.03) = 3.8‬‬

‫‪04‬‬ ‫‪= +ℎ،‬‬ ‫‪= 1 + 0.04 = 1.04‬‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫‪1-8‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪4 .‬أﻣ‬
‫‪Prepared by A.A. Al-Hussaini‬‬ ‫‪2022/2023‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬
‫‪UoT‬‬
‫ﻗ ﺴﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴ ﺔ ‪ /‬ﻓﺮع اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪04‬‬
‫‪⁄ 04‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫]‬ ‫( ‪03 [1 -‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫‪= 264.8 3.‬‬

‫‪= 0.87‬‬
‫‪⁄ .04)×0.1100‬‬
‫]‪⁄ .333‬‬
‫( ‪[1 -‬‬

‫‪04‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪- 264.8 = 1100 - 264.8 = 835.2‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‪:‬‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓ ﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟ‬

‫=‬ ‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪- 04) = 1.148 × 264.8( = 304.0‬أوم‬

‫و‬

‫ﺒﻜ ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺧﺮج اﻟﺸ‬

‫‪= - = 304.0 - 167.2 = 136.8‬أوم‬

‫‪-‬‬
‫‪05‬‬ ‫‪02‬‬
‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫= ‪= 0.80‬‬
‫و‬
‫‪-‬‬
‫‪04‬‬ ‫‪02‬‬

‫‪05‬‬ ‫‪= 452.7 + 0.80 × (835.2 - 452.7) = 758.7‬‬

‫ﺘﺮاق ‪05 = 758.7 ،‬‬

‫درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ ﻟﻐﺮﻓ ﺔ اﻻﺣ‬

‫ﺘﺮاق ‪،‬‬ ‫‪= 1100-758.7‬‬

‫ﺗﻔﺎع درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﻏﺮﻓ ﺔ اﻻﺣ‬
‫ار‬ ‫‪= 341‬‬
‫‪035‬‬

‫‪= 0.0094‬‬
‫‪،ℎ‬‬ ‫‪ℎ ℎ⁄‬‬

‫اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ‪ /‬اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴ ﺔ‪= ، ℎ‬‬

‫ﺒ ﺔ ‪⁄ = 0.‬‬
‫‪⁄ .98‬ﺴ‬
‫‪ = 0.0096‬ﻧ‬

‫ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﺪد ‪،‬‬

‫اﺳ‬
‫‪0.0096 × 3600‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 0.253 ⁄. ℎ‬‬
‫‪136.8‬‬

‫أﺧﻴ ﺮًا ‪ ،‬ﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﺪورة ﻫ ﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪3600‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 0.331‬‬
‫‪× 0.253 × 43100‬‬

‫ﺜﺎل ‪4.2:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ‬

‫ﺑ ﺴﻴﻄ ﺔ‬‫ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﺪد وﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﺪورة ﻟﺪورة‬

‫ﺗﺞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪد واﺳ‬
‫ﺣﺪد ﻧﺎ‬

‫ﺘﺎﻟﻴ ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت ﻃﺎﻗ ﺔ ﺣﺮة ﻣﻮﺿﺤ ﺔ ‪ ،‬ﻣﻊ ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة اﻟﻤﻮاﺻﻔﺎ ت اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت ﻏﺎزﻳ ﺔ ﻣﻊﺗﻮر‬
‫ﺗﻮر‬
‫‪12.0‬‬

‫‪1350‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪0 .86‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪0.89‬‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪0.99‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪0.99‬‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫‪6٪‬‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫‪0.03‬‬

‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪288‬‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫‪2-8‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪4 .‬أﻣ‬
‫‪Prepared by A.A. Al-Hussaini‬‬ ‫‪2022/2023‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬
‫‪UoT‬‬
‫ﻗ ﺴﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴ ﺔ ‪ /‬ﻓﺮع اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل‪:‬‬

‫‪01‬‬ ‫‪= = 288‬و‬ ‫‪01‬‬ ‫‪==1‬‬

‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪0102‬‬
‫([ ‪01‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫]‪- 1‬‬
‫‪288‬‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪[120. ⁄ .4 - 1] = 346.30.86‬‬

‫‪02‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪+ 346.3 = 288 + 346.3 = 634.3‬‬

‫‪01‬‬

‫ﺻﺎﻓ ﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﻀﺎﻏﻂ‪:‬‬

‫=‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪02‬‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪- 01) = 1.005 × 346.3 = 348.032‬أوم‬

‫ﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻟﻀﺎﻏﻂ ﻟﻜﻞ وﺣﺪةﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺟﻤﺎﻋ ﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨ ﻲ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮ ب ﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟ‬
‫‪348.032‬‬
‫==‬
‫‪= 351.5‬‬
‫‪0.99‬‬
‫‪⁄‬‬

‫‪03‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪02 (1 -‬‬ ‫‪) = 12.0 (1 - 0.06) = 11.28‬‬
‫‪02‬‬

‫‪= + 05‬‬
‫‪ℎ،‬‬ ‫‪= 1 + 0.03 = 1.03‬‬
‫‪351.5‬‬
‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪04‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪1.148‬‬
‫و‬ ‫‪= 306.2‬‬
‫‪04‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪- 306.2 = 1350 - 306.2 = 1043.8‬‬
‫‪03‬‬

‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪04‬‬ ‫=‬
‫( ‪03 [1 -‬‬ ‫‪⁄ 04‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫]‪- 1‬‬
‫‪(0.333) ⁄ 1.333‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫) ‪⁄ 04‬‬
‫‪306.2 = 0.89 × 1350 [1‬‬ ‫(‪-‬‬ ‫]‪- 1‬‬
‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪11.28‬‬
‫‪= 3.243‬‬ ‫‪04‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 3.478‬‬
‫‪04‬‬ ‫‪3.243‬‬
‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪04‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪05‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪⁄ 05‬‬ ‫)‬ ‫‪04 [1‬‬
‫]‪- 1‬‬
‫(‪-‬‬
‫‪(0.333) ⁄ 1.333‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪04‬‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪05‬‬
‫‪= 0.89 × 1043.8‬‬ ‫( ‪[1 -‬‬
‫)‪3.478 - 1.03‬‬ ‫‪- 1] = 243.7‬‬
‫‪05‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪ - 243.7 = 1043 - 243.7 = 800.1‬ك‬
‫‪04‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗ ﺔ‪:‬‬

‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺗﺞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪد ﻟ‬
‫ﻧﺎ‬
‫=‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪04‬‬ ‫‪- 05) × = 1.148 × 243.7 × 0.99 = 277.0‬أوم‬ ‫(‬
‫ﺘﺮاق ‪02 = 634.3 ،‬‬
‫درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ ﻟﻐﺮﻓ ﺔ اﻻﺣ‬
‫‪024‬‬ ‫‪= 1350-634.3 = 715.7‬‬
‫ﺘﺮاق ‪،‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎع درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﻏﺮﻓ ﺔ اﻻﺣ‬
‫ار‬

‫ﺑ ﺔ ﻫ ﻲ ‪0.0202‬‬
‫ﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ‪ /‬اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮ‬
‫ﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ‪ /‬اﻟﻬﻮاء ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻧ ﺴ‬
‫ﺑﻞ ﻧ ﺴ‬
‫ﺘﺮاق ﻣﻘﺎ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎع درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻻﺣ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ار‬
‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫‪⁄ = 0.‬‬ ‫‪⁄ .99 = 0.0204‬‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ‪ /‬اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴ ﺔ ‪= ،‬‬
‫ﻧﺴ‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫‪3-8‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪4 .‬أﻣ‬
‫‪Prepared by A.A. Al-Hussaini‬‬ ‫‪2022/2023‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬
‫‪UoT‬‬
‫ﻗ ﺴﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴ ﺔ ‪ /‬ﻓﺮع اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﺪد ‪،‬‬

‫اﺳ‬
‫‪0.0204 × 3600‬‬
‫==‬
‫‪= 0.265 ⁄. ℎ‬‬
‫‪277.0‬‬

‫أﺧﻴ ًﺮا ‪ ،‬ﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﺪورة ﻫ ﻲ‪:‬‬

‫‪3600‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 0.315‬‬
‫‪× 0.265 × 43100‬‬

‫ﺜﺎل ‪4.3:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ‬

‫ﺘﺨﺪم إﻣﺎ ﻛﻤﻠﻒ‬

‫ﺗﺴ‬‫ﺜﻞ ‪ ،‬و‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ أﺣﺎدﻳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻮر ﻣﻊ إﻋﺎدةﺗ ﺴﺨﻴﻦﺗﻘﻊ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻨﺤﻮ اﻷﻣ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻌﺎﻟ ﻲ ‪ ،‬دورة اﻟ‬
‫ﻧﺴ‬

‫ﺘﺞ ‪240‬‬ ‫‪ 1.01‬ﻣﻦ دورة ﻣﺮﻛ‬

‫ﺒ ﺔ ‪،‬ﺗﻨ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﻦ و‬
‫أو ﻛﺠﺰء‬ ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺼﻠوﺔ ‪،‬‬ ‫اﻧﻈﺮ‬
‫وﺣﺪة ‪288‬‬
‫ﻋﻨﺪ‬

‫ﺘﺎﻟﻴ ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺒﻴﺎﻧﺎ ت اﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻮي ﻋﲆ اﻟ‬
‫ﺒﻴﻦ‪.‬ﻳﺤ‬
‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻣ‬
‫‪30.0‬‬
‫و‬ ‫‪1525‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪0.89‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪0.89‬‬
‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2٪‬‬

‫‪4‬‬ ‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫‪4٪‬‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫‪1.02‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫‪0.99‬‬

‫)أ( ارﺳﻢ دورة ﻋﲆ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ‪Ts.‬‬

‫ﺒ ﺔ ﻫﻮاء اﻟﻮﻗﻮد واﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠﺪورة‪.‬‬

‫ﺘﻠ ﺔ وﻧ ﺴ‬
‫) ب( اﺣ ﺴ ﺐ ﻣﻌﺪلﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻜ‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل‪:‬‬

‫ﺘﻮﺳﻊ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺠﺎ ﻫﺎ ت واﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻌﺪد اﻻ‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂ ﻣ‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪0.4‬‬
‫=‬ ‫؛‬
‫‪1.4) = 0.3210‬‬
‫‪0.89‬‬
‫‪(-) 1‬‬
‫(=‬
‫‪-1‬‬ ‫‪0.333‬‬
‫؛‬
‫= )‪1.333‬‬
‫‪) =0.2223‬‬
‫‪0.89‬‬
‫(‪= (- 1‬‬
‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫=‬ ‫)‪= 288 × (30‬‬ ‫‪= 858.1‬‬
‫‪0.3210‬‬
‫‪02‬‬
‫)‪( 02‬‬
‫‪01 01‬‬

‫=‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪= 858.1 - 288 = 570.1‬‬

‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪021‬‬
‫‪01‬‬

‫‪= 30 × 1.01 = 30.3‬‬

‫‪02‬‬

‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪= 30.3 (1.00 - .02) = 29.69‬‬

‫=‬ ‫‪- 01)( = 1.005 × 570.1 = 572.951‬أوم‬
‫و‬ ‫‪02‬‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫‪4-8‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪4 .‬أﻣ‬
‫‪Prepared by A.A. Al-Hussaini‬‬ ‫‪2022/2023‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬ ‫‪UoT‬‬
‫ﻗ ﺴﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴ ﺔ ‪ /‬ﻓﺮع اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫ﺜﺎﻟ ﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻣ‬‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺘﻮﺳﻴﻊ اﻟ‬
‫ﻟ‬

‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪= 5.395‬‬

‫‪1.02‬‬
‫‪04‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪03‬‬
‫‪06‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪29.69‬‬
‫‪29.69‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪03‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 5.503‬‬
‫‪04‬‬ ‫‪5.395‬‬ ‫‪5.395‬‬
‫‪1.0‬‬ ‫‪0.2223‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫‪04‬‬
‫‪03 03‬‬
‫‪( 04‬‬
‫)‬ ‫‪= 1525‬‬
‫)‪5.395‬‬
‫(×‬
‫‪= 1048.45‬‬

‫‪05‬‬
‫‪= 04 (1 - 0.04) = 5.503 × 0.96 = 5.283‬‬
‫‪1.0‬‬ ‫‪0.2223‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫‪= 1053.35‬‬
‫‪06‬‬
‫‪05 05‬‬
‫‪( 06‬‬
‫)‬ ‫‪= 1525‬‬
‫)‪5.283‬‬
‫(×‬
‫=‬ ‫([‬ ‫( ‪- 04) +‬‬ ‫])‪- 06‬‬
‫و‬ ‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪05‬‬

‫‪= 1.148 [(1525-1048.45) + (1525-1053.35)] = 1088.534 ⁄‬‬

‫‪572.951‬‬
‫==‪= -‬‬
‫‪1088.534‬‬
‫‪509.795 -⁄‬‬
‫‪0.99‬‬
‫ﺘﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮ ب ﻟـ ‪240‬‬
‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺒﻞ‬
‫اﻋﻄ ﻲ ﻣﻦ ﻗ‬

‫= ̇‬ ‫‪240 × 103‬‬
‫‪= 470.777 ⁄‬‬
‫‪509.795‬‬
‫ﺘﺮاق اﻷول ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺘﺮاق ﻓ ﻲ ﺟﻬﺎز اﻻﺣ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎع درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻻﺣ‬
‫ار‬

‫‪023‬‬
‫‪= (1525 - 858.1) = 666.9‬‬
‫ﺘﺮاق ‪858.1‬‬
‫درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﻣﺪﺧﻞ ﻏﺮﻓ ﺔ اﻻﺣ‬
‫‪0.0195.‬ﺔ =‬
‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮد ‪ /‬اﻟﻬﻮاء ﻫ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ﺴ‬
‫‪ℎ‬‬

‫ﺘ ﺴﺨﻴﻦ ﻫﻮ‪:‬‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎع درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﺟﻬﺎز اﻟ‬
‫ار‬

‫‪056‬‬
‫‪= (1525 - 1053.35) = 471.7‬‬
‫ﺑﺪرﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ‪1048.45‬‬‫إﻋﺎدةﺗ ﺴﺨﻴﻦ ﻣﺪﺧﻞ‬
‫‪0.0140.‬ﺔ =‬
‫ﻟﻠﻮﻗﻮد ‪ /‬اﻟﻬﻮاء ﻫ ﻲ‬ ‫ﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳ‬
‫اﻟﻨ ﺴ‬
‫‪ℎ‬‬
‫ﺒ ﺔﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﻨﻈﺮي‪:‬‬
‫إﺟﻤﺎﻟ ﻲ ﻧ ﺴ‬

‫=‬ ‫‪= 0.0195 + 0.0140 = 0.0335‬‬

‫‪+‬‬
‫‪ℎ‬‬
‫ﺒ ﺔ ﻫﻮاء اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴ ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﻧﺴ‬

‫=‬ ‫‪⁄ = 0.‬‬ ‫‪⁄ .99 = 0.0338‬‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬

‫ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﺪد ‪،‬‬

‫اﺳ‬
‫‪0.0338 × 3600‬‬
‫==‬
‫‪= 0.239 ⁄. ℎ‬‬
‫‪509.795‬‬

‫أﺧﻴ ﺮًا ‪ ،‬ﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﺪورة ﻫ ﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫‪5-8‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪4 .‬أﻣ‬
‫‪Prepared by A.A. Al-Hussaini‬‬ ‫‪2022/2023‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬
‫‪UoT‬‬

‫ﻗ ﺴﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴ ﺔ ‪ /‬ﻓﺮع اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫‪3600‬‬ ‫‪3600‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 0.349‬‬
‫×‬ ‫‪0.239 × 43100‬‬

‫ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺎ ت‪:‬‬

‫ﺒﺔ‬
‫ﺒ ﺔ ﻟﻠﺪورة اﻟﻤﺮﻛ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻨ ﺴ‬‫ﺗﻔﻊ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت ﻣﺮ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺧﺮوج اﻟ‬

‫ﺑﺨﺎر‬‫‪(1053.35 - 273 = 780.35 ℃).‬دورة‬

‫ﺑﻴﻦ ‪550-575‬درﺟ ﺔ ﻣﺌﻮﻳ ﺔ‬‫ﺘﺮاوح‬

‫ﺑﺨﺎرﺗ‬‫ﺘﺨﺪام درﺟﺎ ت ﺣﺮارة‬
‫ﺑﺎﺳ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت ﻣﻦ ﺣﻮاﻟ ﻲ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺘﻄﻠ ﺐ درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﺧﺮوج اﻟ‬
‫ﻗﺪﺗ‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫‪600‬درﺟ ﺔ‬

‫ﺘﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻤﻮﺟ ﺐ اﻟﺠﻮي‬

‫ﺒﻴ‬‫ﺜ‬
‫ﺘﻢﺗ‬
‫ﺑﻤﺎ أن ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺨﺮوجﻳ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت ‪،‬‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺛﻢ درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﺧﺮوج اﻟ‬‫وﺧ ﺴﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﺨﺮوج ‪،‬‬

‫ﺘ ﺴﺨﻴﻦ‬
‫ﻳﻤﻜﻦﺗﻘﻠﻴﻠﻪ ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ زﻳﺎدة إﻋﺎدة اﻟ‬

‫ﺒ ﺴﻴﻂ ذﻟﻚ‬
‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ‪.‬ﻳﻈﻬﺮ اﻟﺤ ﺴﺎ ب اﻟ‬
‫‪05‬‬
‫‪13.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ت ﻟﻨﻄﺎق ﻣﻦ‬

‫إذاﺗﻜﺮر ت اﻟﺤ ﺴﺎ‬

‫ﺘﺎﺋﺞ اﻟﻤﻮﺿﺤ ﺔ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‪.‬‬

‫ﺑﺈﻋﺎدةﺗ ﺴﺨﻴﻦ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻨ‬‫ﻗﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻢ اﻟﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬ﻳﻤﻜﻦ ﻣﻼﺣﻈ ﺔ أن إﻋﺎدةﺗ ﺴﺨﻴﻨﻬﺎ‬
‫‪4.3b‬‬

‫‪°‬‬
‫‪605‬‬
‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫ال‬
‫ﺿﻐﻂﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻌﻄ‬‫؛‬

‫ﺜﲆ ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ‬

‫ﺑﺤﻮاﻟ ﻲ ‪10٪‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﻴﻤ ﺔ اﻟﻤ‬‫ﺗﺞ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪد أﻗﻞ‬
‫ﻧﺎ‬

‫ﺒﻴﺮ إﱃ ‪37.7٪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺸﻜﻞ ﻛ‬‫ﺗﺤ ﺴﻨ ﺖ‬

‫ﺜﺎل ‪)4.4:‬اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﻓ ﻲ اﻟﻤﻨﺰل(‬

‫اﻟﻤ‬

‫ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻐﺎزي‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺘﺮاض أن اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻓ‬
‫ﺜﺎل ‪4.3 ،‬‬
‫ﻛﺮر اﻟﻤ‬

‫ﺒﺎدل ﺣﺮاري ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴ ﺚ‬

‫دورة ﻣﻊ ﻣ‬

‫اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﻴ ﺔ ‪= 0.80.‬‬

‫)أ( ارﺳﻢ دورة ﻋﲆ ﻣﺨﻄﻂ ‪Ts.‬‬

‫ﺒ ﺔ ﻫﻮاء اﻟﻮﻗﻮد واﻟﺪورة‬

‫ﺘﻠ ﺔ وﻧ ﺴ‬
‫) ب( اﺣ ﺴ ﺐ ﻣﻌﺪلﺗﺪﻓﻖ اﻟﻜ‬

‫اﻟﻜﻔﺎءة اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ‪.‬‬

‫)ج( اﺣ ﺴ ﺐ درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﺧﺮوج اﻟﻤﺠﺪد ‪8 ، ،‬و‬

‫ﺘﺮداد اﻟﺤﺮارة‬
‫ﺘﺨﺪام اﺳ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻖ ﻋﲆ اﻟﻘﺪرة ﻋﲆ اﺳ‬

‫ﺘﺮﻛ ﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺒﺨﺎر )‪(HRSG‬ﻓ ﻲ دورة ﻣﺸ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻟﺪ اﻟ‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫‪6-8‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪4 .‬أﻣ‬
‫‪Prepared by A.A. Al-Hussaini‬‬ ‫‪2022/2023‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬
‫‪UoT‬‬
‫ﻗ ﺴﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴ ﺔ ‪ /‬ﻓﺮع اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫ﺜﺎل ‪4.5:‬‬
‫اﻟﻤ‬
‫ﺗﺤﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺨﺮﺟﺎ ت اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﻤﺤﺪدة ‪ ،‬اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﺪد‬
‫ﺘﺼﻤﻴﻢ‬
‫ﺘﻬﻼك وﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﺪورة ﻟﻨﻘﻄ ﺔ اﻟ‬
‫اﻻﺳ‬

‫ﺒ ﺴﻴﻄ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎز ذا ت اﻟﺪورة اﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﺎ ت اﻟﺤ ﺴﺎ ب ﻟ‬‫ﺘﻮاﻓﻖ‬
‫ﺗ‬
‫ﺗﻰ \اﱃ اﻟﻘﺎدم \اﱃ اﻟﻢ‪:‬‬
‫اﱃ اﻵ‬

‫و‬ ‫‪= 20‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪= 0.87‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪= 0.9‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪) = 5٪‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪= 0.99‬‬

‫و‬ ‫‪= 14003‬‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫‪= 1.013 & = 288‬‬

‫اﻟﻤﺤﻠﻮل‪:‬‬

‫‪01‬‬
‫‪= = 288‬و‬
‫‪01‬‬
‫‪= = 1.013‬‬
‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬
‫‪0102‬‬
‫)‬ ‫]‪- 1‬‬
‫([ ‪01‬‬
‫‪288‬‬
‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬ ‫‪0.87 [200. ⁄ .4 - 1] = 448.07‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪+ 164.7 = 288 + 164.7 = 736.07‬‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫ﺻﺎﻓ ﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟﻀﺎﻏﻂ‪:‬‬

‫=‬ ‫(‬ ‫‪- 01) = 1.005 × 448.07 = 450.310‬أوم‬
‫و‬ ‫‪02‬‬

‫ﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ اﻟﻀﺎﻏﻂ ﻟﻜﻞ وﺣﺪةﺗﺪﻓﻖ ﺟﻤﺎﻋ ﻲ‪:‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨ ﻲ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮ ب ﻟ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ اﻟ‬
‫‪448.07‬‬
‫==‬
‫‪= 448.07‬‬
‫‪1.0‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪× = 1.013 × 20 = 20.26‬‬
‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪01‬‬

‫=‬ ‫‪-‬‬ ‫‪ℎ،‬‬

‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪02 (1 -‬‬ ‫‪02‬‬ ‫‪02‬‬
‫‪) = 20.26 (1 - 0.05) = 19.247‬‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‪:‬‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺒ ﺔ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟ‬
‫ﻧﺴ‬

‫‪⁄ 04 = 19.‬‬ ‫‪⁄ .013 = 19‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪(1) ⁄‬‬

‫‪-‬‬ ‫=‬
‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪04‬‬
‫( ‪03 [1 -‬‬ ‫‪⁄ 04‬‬
‫)‬ ‫]‪- 1‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫‪19) 0.= 0.90‬‬
‫]‪⁄ .333‬‬
‫‪× 1400‬‬
‫‪= 656.16‬‬
‫( ‪[1 -‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪264.8 = 1400 - 656.16 = 743.84‬‬
‫‪04‬‬ ‫‪03‬‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫‪7-8‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪4 .‬أﻣ‬
‫‪Prepared by A.A. Al-Hussaini‬‬ ‫‪2022/2023‬‬
‫‪Machine Translated by Google‬‬
‫‪UoT‬‬
‫ﻗ ﺴﻢ اﻟﻬﻨﺪﺳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﻴ ﺔ ‪ /‬ﻓﺮع اﻟﻤﻴﻜﺎﻧﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣ ﺔ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫اﻟ‬
‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت اﻟﻐﺎزﻳ ﺔ‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺑﻊ ‪ /‬اﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎﻣﻴﻜﺎ اﻟﺤﺮارﻳ ﺔ ﻟﻠ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺼﻞ اﻟﺮا‬

‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎ ت‪:‬‬
‫ﺘﻮر‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓ ﻲ ﻋﻤﻞ اﻟ‬

‫=‬ ‫و‬ ‫‪03‬‬ ‫‪- 04) = 1.148 × 656.16 = 753.272‬أوم‬ ‫(‬

‫ﺒﻜ ﺔ‪:‬‬
‫ﺧﺮج اﻟﺸ‬

‫‪= - = 753.272 - 448.07 = 305.202 ⁄‬‬

‫ﺘﺮاق ‪02 = 736.07‬‬

‫درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﺪاﺧﻞ ﻟﻐﺮﻓ ﺔ اﻻﺣ‬

‫‪= 1400-736.07 = 684.3‬‬

‫ﺘﺮاق ‪،‬‬
‫‪023‬‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺎع درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة ﻏﺮﻓ ﺔ اﻻﺣ‬
‫ار‬

‫ﺑ ﺔ ﻫ ﻲ ‪0.0198‬‬
‫ﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ‪ /‬اﻟﻬﻮاء اﻟﻨﻈﺮﻳ ﺔ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮ‬
‫ﺒ ﺔ اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ‪ /‬اﻟﻬﻮاء ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻧ ﺴ‬
‫ﺘﺮاق ﻧ ﺴ‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎع درﺟ ﺔ ﺣﺮارة اﻻﺣ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ار‬

‫‪ℎ‬‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻌﻠﻴ ﺔ ‪= ،‬‬

‫اﻟﻬﻮاء‪⁄ = 0.‬‬ ‫اﻟﻮﻗﻮد ‪/‬‬
‫‪⁄ .99‬‬ ‫ﺒﺔ‬
‫ﻧﺴ‬
‫‪= 0.0197‬‬

‫ﺘﻬﻼك اﻟﻮﻗﻮد اﻟﻤﺤﺪد ‪،‬‬

‫اﺳ‬
‫‪0.0197 × 3600‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 0.232 ⁄. ℎ‬‬
‫‪305.202‬‬

‫‪3600‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪= 35.95٪‬‬
‫×‬ ‫‪0.232 × 43100‬‬

‫ﺜﻠ ﺔ ﻣﺤﻠﻮﻟ ﺔ‬
‫‪8-8‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪4 .‬أﻣ‬
‫‪Prepared by A.A. Al-Hussaini‬‬ ‫‪2022/2023‬‬