Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
Lesson 4: Principles of Visual Message 
Design Using Infographic 
 
Contents 
Engage 1 
Introduction 1 
Objectives 3 

Explore 3 

Explain and Elaborate 4 

Principles of Graphic Design 5 

Extend 10 
Activity 1 10 
Activity 2 11 

Evaluate 12 

Wrap Up 15 

Photo Credits 15 

Bibliography 16 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
  
Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 

Engage   
 

  Introduction 

 
Fig. 1. Sample layout of an infographic 
 
In  the  previous  lesson,  you  have  been  introduced  to  the  infographic.  Again,  the infographic 
presents  data  in  a  concise  and  attractive  way.  It  is  very  boring  to  read  long  texts,  but 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 
students  must  do  it  in  order  to  understand  their lessons and keep up with the discussion in 
class. If you were given a choice, would you rather read a long text or study an infographic? 
 
Infographics  are  fun,  engaging,  and  easy  to  share.  You  can  share  it  with  just  one  click. 
Students  can  use  infographics  to  break  down  complex  ideas  or  to  explain difficult concepts 
in  simpler  terms. Non-profit organizations use it to spread awareness about social issues  or 
causes.  Can  you  create  your  own infographic? What would be your topic? Be sure that other 
people will be interested in your topic. After all, infographics are supposed to inform people. 
 
Before  you  can  create  an  infographic,  you  need  to  start  with  the  basics.  Look at the picture 
of  the  infographic  layout  on  the  previous  page.  What fundamentals of design are evident in 
the  infographic?  Why  are  they  arranged  in  such  a  way?  What  principles  of  graphic  design 
should be followed? How can you combine text and images properly?   
 

  Objectives  
In this lesson, you should be able to do the following 
● Understand the principles of graphic design. 
● Sketch an infographic using the principles of design. 
● Combine text and graphics properly. 
 
DepEd Competency 
Evaluate  existing  websites  and  online  resources  based  on  the  principles  of  layout, 
graphic, and visual message design. ​(C
​ S_ICT11/12-ICTPT-Ie-f-6) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 

Explore   
 

       15 minutes 
Your mother asked you to calculate your expenses this school year so that she can give you 
enough allowance everyday. Sketch an infographic about your weekly allowance as a 
student. When you are done drawing your infographic, show it to your partner. Answer the 
following questions based on your partner’s infographic. 
 
Guide Questions 
1. What do you like about your partner’s infographic? 

 
 
 
 
 

 
2. What  fundamentals  of  design  did  your  partner  use?  Were  the  fundamentals  used 
properly? Why or why not? 

 
 
 
 
 

 
3. How can your partner’s infographic be improved? 

 
 
 
 
 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 
 

Explain and Elaborate   

 
Principles of Graphic Design 
Designs  are  most  attractive  and  most  effective  in  conveying  the  desired  message  when the 
principles  of  graphic  design  are  followed.  It  has  been  mentioned  before  that  infographics 
can  be  easily  shared.  As  it  is,  you  probably  do  not  want  an  ineffective  and  unattractive 
infographic  to  be  credited  to  your  name.  After  all,  netizens  can  be  harsh.  When  you  follow 
the  principles  of  graphic  design,  your  skills  in  designing  will  improve  greatly  and  it  is 
expected that you will create an effective and attractive product.  
  
Balance 
Balance  is  the  visual  weight  of  your  design.  It  can  be  symmetrical  or  asymmetrical. 
Symmetrical  means  that  the  weight  of  the  elements  is  evenly  divided  on  either  side  of  the 
design.  Asymmetrical,  on  the  other  hand,  uses  contrast  to  even  out  the  flow  of  the  design. 
Balance  can  be  used  to  give  emphasis  or  create  a  certain  mood.  Look  at  the  image  below. 
What  word  is  emphasized?  How  is  it  emphasized?  Is  the  picture  symmetrical  or 
asymmetrical? 

 
Fig. 2. An image about social media.  
 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 
 
Proximity 

Proximity is the closeness or distance of objects to each other. It is achieved by creating a 

relationship between related or similar objects. You may use font style, color, or size, aside 
from grouping similar or related objects together, to visually establish a connection between 
these objects. Look at the image below. What objects are clustered together? What was 
used to establish the visual connection? 

Fig. 3. A picture depicting connections between people. 

Alignment 

Alignment makes your infographic easier to read. It brings order to the design and ensures 
that elements have a connection with each other. It prevents your design from having a 
messy look. Pay attention to the image below. How is the text aligned? What effect does it 
have on the entirety of the design? 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 

Fig. 4. A picture with aligned text. 

Hierarchy 

There will be several information on your infographic. In order to emphasize the most 
important details, you must use visual hierarchy. Hierarchy among elements is established 
by using larger or bolder fonts, using shapes to frame the focal point, or putting the object 
or text higher than the others. Usually, the most important information is given first. Look at 
the example below. How was hierarchy established?  

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 

Fig. 5. An infographic about the Dumagat Tribe. 

Repetition 
Repeating design elements make your design consistent and direct the view of the reader. It 
also strengthens the overall look of the design and helps elements remain organized and 
more consistent. Repetition creates rhythm by tying together consistent elements such as 
the logo and the color palette. What effect do the repeating elements have in the picture? 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 

Fig. 6. A picture with repetitive elements. 

Contrast 

Contrast helps different elements stand out. It happens when there is a difference between 
the two opposing design elements. Contrast directs the viewer’s attention to the most 
important elements. Some examples of contrast are young vs. old, light vs. dark, urban vs. 
rural, natural vs. man-made, etc. In the image below, what is highlighted by the contrast? 

  

Fig. 7. An image with light and dark elements. 

  

What  should  be  emphasized  in  your  infographic? 

  How are you going to emphasize it? 
 
 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 

Extend   
 
Activity 1 
Based  on  the  feedback  of  your  partner,  revise  the  sketch  of  your  infographic.  Draw  your 
new infographic in the box below. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

​ uide 
G

Remember  the  principles  of  graphic  design  and  apply  it  to  your  revised  infographic 
to make it appealing and easy to understand. 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 
Activity 2 
In  your  opinion,  what  is  the  most  important  principle  that  designers  should  take  into 
consideration  when  making an infographic? Is it applicable to other professions such as web 
designer or photographer? Why? Why not? Explain your answer.  
 
 

 
 

​ uide 
G

Balance i​ s the visual weight of your design. 

Proximity i​ s the closeness or distance of objects to each other. 
Alignment e
​ nsures that elements have a connection with each other. 
Hierarchy e
​ mphasizes the most important details through visual organization. 
Repetition c​ reates rhythm by tying together consistent elements. 
Contrast ​helps different elements stand out. 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 
 

Evaluate   
 

A. Answer the following completely in your own words. 

 

1. Give  one  principle  of  graphic  design.  How  did  you  use  this  principle  in  your 
infographic? 

 
 
 

 
2. How can you direct the viewer’s attention using the principles of design? 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
3. What  is  the  difference  between  the  fundamentals  of  design  and  the  principles  of 
design? 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 
 
4. What are the advantages of using an infographic? 

 
 
 

  
5. Why is alignment important? 

 
 
 

  

B. Answer the following comprehensively.   

1. Why should you use the principles of design in making your infographic? 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
2. Look  at  the  picture  below.  What  principles  are  evident  in  the  picture?  Write  your 
answer on the box below the picture. 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 

 
3. Give  one  principle  evident  in  the  picture  in  number  two  and  explain  how  that 
principle was used. 

 
 
 
 
 
 

 
4. What effect did using the principle have on the image? 

 
 
 
 
 
 

  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 
5. Read the statement below. 
You  don’t  need  to  be  a  pro-designer  to  create  highly  shareable  content  (Copperman, 
2016). 
Do you agree or disagree with the statement? Explain your answer. 

 
 
 
 
 
 

Wrap Up 
___________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 
● The principles of design can ​direct the viewer’s attention​ to the most important 
data. 
● Infographics​ present data in a concise and attractive manner. 
● Different principles can create different effects on the layout of your infographics. 
 
___________________________________________________________________________________________ 
 

  Photo Credits 
Infographic Design​ by U
​ nboxScience​ from P
​ ixabay​ via P
​ ixabay​. 

Social Media​ by K
​ evin King​ from P
​ ixabay​ via P
​ ixabay​. 

Woman Face Photomontage​ by G

​ erd Altmann​ from P
​ ixabay​ via P
​ ixabay​. 

Inspirational Quotes​ by ​EJF_Design​ from P

​ ixabay​ via P
​ ixabay​. 

Dolphin Marine Mammals​ by G

​ erhard Gellinger​ from P
​ ixabay​ via P
​ ixabay​. 

 
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Unit 7: Advanced Image Manipulation Techniques 
 
 
Arrow Directory Signposts​ by G
​ erd Altmann​ from P
​ ixabay​ via P
​ ixabay​. 

Home Virus Covid-19​ by ​hurufa​ from P

​ ixabay​ via P
​ ixabay​. 

  Bibliography 
Rawal,  Anahat.  “10  Basic  Principles  of  Graphic  Design.”  Medium,  July  12,  2018. 
https://medium.com/@anahatrawal/10-basic-principles-of-graphic-design-b74be0db
db58 
 
Burrage, Kim. “The Six Main Principles for Graphic Design.” trident, September 3, 2016. 
https://www.wearetrident.co.uk/six-main-principles-graphic-design/ 
 
Copperman, Amy. “8 Basic Principles of Design to Help You Create Awesome Graphics.” 
Adobe Spark, July 27, 2016. 
https://blog.adobespark.com/2016/07/27/8-basic-design-principles-to-help-you-creat
e-better-graphics/ 
 
Sheikh, Mahnoor. “What is an Infographic? (Examples, Tips and Templates).” visme. Accessed 
May 18, 2020. ​https://visme.co/blog/what-is-an-infographic/ 
 

 
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