VOCAB NOTES

No. Focus words/ phrases Main knowledge (Phần sẽ Translation

kiểm tra)

1.  Reservoir /ˈrez.ə.vwɑːr/= a lake, She found she had Cô đã thấy mình đã có

especially an artificial one, where reservoirs of unexpected những nguồn sức mạnh
water is stored before it is supplied strength. không ngờ.
to people’s houses

 Reservoir of st: nguồn cung lớn về

cái gì

2.  St to receive positive / negative / Plans to receive mixed Những kế hoạch nhận

mixed reactions reactions được nhiều phản ứng trái
chiều

3.  To turn st into st => To turn much To turn much of the valley Biến phần lớn thung lũng
of the valley into a large reservoir into a large reservoir to thành hồ chứa lớn cung
 To provide drinking water for sb provide drinking water for cấp nước sinh hoạt cho
the local area. địa phương.

4.  To praise st/ To praise sb for st To praise the scheme/ plan Khen ngợi chương trình /
kế hoạch đó

5.  The environmental and economic
benefits of st: Lợi ích về môi
trường và kinh tế
 To flood an area = To cover a
place with water, or to become
covered with water
The environmental and
economic benefits of
flooding the valley will far
outweigh the
disadvantages
Những lợi ích về môi
trường và kinh tế của
việc làm lụt thung lũng đó
sẽ lớn hơn nhiều so với
những bất lợi.

 The benefits/ advantages of st to

far outweigh the disadvantages
( Lợi ích của cái gì vượt xa những
bất lợi)
  To outweigh /ˌaʊtˈweɪ/ = To be
more important or valuable than
st else

6.  To be struck by lighting To be struck by lightning Bị sét đánh

7.  To receive treatment for st = st To receive treatment for Được điều trị bỏng nhẹ
that is done to cure sb who is slight burns
injured or ill

8.  To drizzle slightly /ˈdrɪz.əl/ = if To drizzle slightly Mưa phùn nhẹ

it is drizzling, light rain and mist
come out of the sky

9.  To check the weather forecast To check the weather Kiểm tra dự báo thời tiết
forecast

10.  To urge sb to V = To strongly To urge those teenagers Thuyết phục những đứa
suggest that sb does st not to throw away the trẻ không vứt bừa túi mua
 To throw staway = To get rid of supermarket’s plastic nylon của siêu thị.
st that you do not want or need shopping bags.

11.  To pump st out = To force liquid For every new bag we Đối với mỗi chiếc túi mới
or gas to move sw make, the factory has to mà chúng tôi sản xuất, nhà
pump out industrial máy phải bơm chất thải
 Industrial waste
waste and that’s công nghiệp ra ngoài và
 To increase pollution increasing pollution in the điều đó đang làm gia tăng
surrounding area ô nhiễm ở khu vực xung
 Surrounding area
quanh.

12.  To want to reduce st/ the number We want to reduce the Chúng tôi muốn giảm số
of bags we make each year number of bags we make lượng túi chúng tôi sản
each year. xuất mỗi năm.


13.  To offer st to sb to do st ( Mời chào To offer a financial Để cung cấp một khích lệ
ai cái gì để họ làm gì) incentive to our về tài chính cho khách
customers to reuse their hàng của chúng tôi tái sử
  Financial incentive: sự khích lệ về
tài chính => To offer a financial
incentive to our customers
 To reuse their bags
 To bring st with sb
14.  To cause a stir / controversy: gây
tranh cãi
 To claim that + clause = tuyên bố
rằng
 Global warming is not caused by
human disregard for the
environment.
15.  A book to be entitled st = if a book,
play is entitled st, that is its name
 Large-scale changes ( sự thay đổi
ở quy mô lớn)
 Mediterranean /ˌmed.ɪ.tərˈeɪ.ni.ən/
 To form the world ( hình thành thế
giới)
16.  To become extinct = an extinct
type of animal or plant does not
exist any more
17.  Presumptuous (adj) /prɪ
ˈzʌmp.tʃəs/: Tự phụ = doing st that
you have no right to do and that
seems rude
bags by bringing them with
them every time they shop
with us rather than getting
new ones each time.
To cause a stir/
controversy by claiming
that global warming is not
caused by human
disregard for the
environment.
In her book entitled Are we
to Blame? Professor
Angela argues that large-
scale changes in the
Mediterranean climate,
for example, have taken
place ever since the world
was formed.
An animal/ ( the dinosaur)
to become extinct.
It’s a bit presumptuous of
us to think that we’re
responsible for all the
problems we were facing
dụng túi của họ bằng cách
mang chúng theo mỗi khi
họ mua sắm với chúng tôi
thay vì nhận những cái mới
mỗi lần.
Gây xôn xao / tranh cãi
khi tuyên bố rằng sự nóng
lên toàn cầu không phải do
con người không quan
tâm đến môi trường
Trong cuốn sách của cô ấy
có tựa đề Chúng ta có
đáng trách không? Giáo
sư Angela cho rằng những
thay đổi quy mô lớn trong
khí hậu Địa Trung Hải,
chẳng hạn, đã diễn ra kể
từ khi thế giới được hình
thành.
Một loài động vật / (khủng
long) sắp tuyệt chủng.
Chúng tôi hơi tự phụ khi
nghĩ rằng chúng tôi phải
chịu trách nhiệm cho tất
cả các vấn đề mà chúng tôi
  To be responsible for all the now, isn’t it? đang gặp phải bây giờ,
problems we were facing now phải không?

18.  To call for and end to deforestation To call for an end to st/ Kêu gọi chấm dứt nạn phá
deforestation rừng
 A ban on st/ the use of coal fines at
19. home = Lệnh cấm cái gì To call for a ban on sth/ Yêu cầu lệnh cấm sử dụng
the use of coal fires at lửa than ở nhà
 To call for stricter controls on the
home
use of leaded petrol
20. Environmentalists are Các nhà bảo vệ môi
calling for stricter controls trường đang kêu gọi
on the use of leaded petrol kiểm soát chặt chẽ hơn về
việc sử dụng xăng pha
chì/

21.  To pump st into st =>To pump out To pump out smoke into Xả khói vào bầu khí quyển
smoke into the atmosphere the atmosphere

22.  (wind) To die down = if st dies Don’t worry, the gossip will Đừng lo lắng, những tin
down, it becomes less strong, soon die down. đồn sẽ sớm tắt dần.
active or violent

23.  To face up to the fact that + clause Why can’t they face up to Tại sao họ không thể đối
the fact that their products mặt với sự thật rằng sản
 St to be bad/ good for the
are bad for the phẩm của họ có hại cho
environment
environment? môi trường?

24.  To put st out = To make a fire To put out the forest fire Dập lửa cháy rừng
stop burning = To extinguish
/ɪkˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ => To put out the
forest fire

25. To call off the Hoãn cuộc biểu tình

demonstration
 To call st off = To cancel st
26.  To be cut off = if a place is cut off, The town was totally cut Thị trấn đã bị cô lập hoàn
people can’t leave it or reach it: Bị off for 3 days because of toàn trong 3 ngày vì lũ lụt.
cô lập the floods

27.  To do st up = To repair an old To do up a house To do up = trang trí lại

building or car, or to improve its
appearance// to redecorate

28.  To throw st away / out = To get Don’t throw those Đừng vứt / bỏ những viên
rid of st that you don’t want any batteries away/ out. They pin đó. Chúng không thể
more are not biodegradable. phân hủy sinh học.
 Biodegradable (adj) /baɪ.əʊ.dɪ
ˈɡreɪ.də.bəl/ = able to decay
naturally and in a way that is not
harmful // Có thể phân hủy sinh
học

29.  To get sb down = To depress sb// Rainy days always get me Những ngày mưa luôn
To make sb feel unhappy and tired down = to depress sb khiến tôi chán nản.

30.  To plan to do st They are planning to tear Họ đang có kế hoạch phá

down the old cinema and bỏ rạp chiếu phim cũ và
 To tear st down = To pull st
build a new shopping xây dựng một trung tâm
down = To destroy a building
center on the land mua sắm mới trên khu đất
deliberately

31.  To set in = if st sets in, especially I think the rain’s set in for Tôi nghĩ trời sắp mưa trong
st unpleasant, it begins and seems the day, don’t you? ngày, phải không?
likely to continue for a long time.
32. Winter seems to be Mùa đông dường như
setting in early this year. sắp bắt đầu sớm năm
nay.

33. Further economic decline Kinh tế suy giảm hơn

set in during the 1930s. nữa bắt đầu trong những
năm 1930.
34.  To put st down to sb / st = To think
that st is caused by something else
= To attribute st to sb: quy cái gì là
do cái gì
 To have difficulty (in) Ving
35.
36.  To feel under the weather = To feel
slightly sick
37.  To have/ take a quick look at st =
To look at st quickly
38.  One of the most N-số nhiều
39.  To make a complete mess of st =
To do st bady// làm hỏng hết cái gì
 Environmental policy: Chính sách
môi trường
40.  As usual
 So-called natural lovers
 To make a fuss about nothing
(chuyện bé xé ra to)
41.  To disappoint sb / to be
disappointed with/ by st
 Cultural and artistic attractions:
những điểm hấp dẫn về văn hóa
và nghệ thuật
Some scientists put the
extinction of the
dinosaurs down to
changes in the world’s
climate
I was having difficulty
reading, which I put down
to the poor light.
To feel a bit under the
weather
To have/ take a quick look
at st
One of the most polluted
cities in the world
The government’s made a
complete mess of its
environmental policy
As usual, so-called nature
lovers are making a fuss
about nothing.
Tourists to San Francisco
are rarely disappointed
with/by the famous range
of cultural and artistic
attractions the city has to
Một số nhà khoa học cho
rằng sự tuyệt chủng của
loài khủng long là do sự
thay đổi của khí hậu thế
giới
Tôi gặp khó khăn khi đọc,
tôi cho là do ánh sang yếu.
Cảm thấy hơi không được
khỏe
Một trong những thành phố
ô nhiễm nhất thế giới
Chính phủ đã gây ra một
mớ hỗn độn về chính sách
môi trường của mình
Như thường lệ, những
người được gọi là yêu
thiên nhiên đang làm ầm
ĩ về việc chẳng có gì.
Khách du lịch đến San
Francisco hiếm khi thất
vọng với / bởi hàng loạt
các điểm tham quan văn
hóa và nghệ thuật nổi tiếng

42.  It is hard to imagine
 To want to live in such a
dangerous area
43.  To be aware of st/ potential
danger
44.  Except for V-ing/ st
 Their buildings are built to the
highest safety standards. ( Các
tòa nhà của họ được xây dựng
theo tiêu chuẩn an toàn nhất.)
 To carry on with their daily lives =
To continue
45.  Global warming is a reality.
46.  .To protect endangered species
47.  To be environmentally friendly
48.  There is not much likelihood of V-
offer
It’s hard to imagine why
anyone would want to live
in such a dangerous
area, but millions of
people choose to do so.
To be aware of the
potential danger
Except for making
doubly sure that their
buildings are built to the
highest safety standards,
they carry on with their
daily lives as if nothing
could ever disrupt them.
Most scientists accept that
global warming is a
reality.
What can we do to protect
endangered species like
the giant panda?
All our products are
environmentally friendly.
There’s not much
mà thành phố này có
Thật khó để tưởng tượng
tại sao bất kỳ ai cũng
muốn sống trong một
khu vực nguy hiểm như
vậy, nhưng hàng triệu
người lại chọn làm như
vậy.
Nhận thức được mối nguy
hiểm tiềm tàng
Ngoại trừ việc đảm bảo
chắc chắn rằng các tòa
nhà của họ được xây dựng
theo tiêu chuẩn an toàn
cao nhất, họ vẫn tiếp tục
cuộc sống hàng ngày của
mình như thể không có gì
có thể phá vỡ chúng.
Hầu hết các nhà khoa học
chấp nhận rằng sự nóng
lên toàn cầu là một thực
tế.
Chúng ta có thể làm gì để
bảo vệ các loài có nguy cơ
tuyệt chủng như gấu trúc
khổng lồ?
Tất cả các sản phẩm của
chúng tôi đều thân thiện
với môi trường.
Không có nhiều khả năng
 ing / sb doing st likelihood of các nhóm môi trường
environmental groups ngừng xây dựng nhà máy
stopping the building of the mới, phải không?
new factory, is there?

49.  To lower the price of st = To To lower the price of st Để giảm giá của sth
reduce st in amount, degree,
strength or to become less

50.  The greatness of st The greatness of solar Sự tuyệt vời của điện mặt
power lies in its simplicity. trời nằm ở sự đơn giản của
 To lie in st / its simplicity
nó.
 Solar power

51.  A number of N(s) A number of pollutants in Một số chất ô nhiễm trong

the river have caused the sông đã gây ra cái chết
 To cause the death of st
death of all the fish của tất cả các loài cá

1. The oil is pumped up from deep underground reservoir

2. There has been a mixed reaction to the appointment
3. They turn the snakes to the drug to help people .
4. If you really want to do it , I will praise your courage
5. The environmental and economic benefits of flooding is allow a
river’s water to reach more areas above and below ground .
6. Yesterday , we saw some people were struck by lightning .
7. He was unlucky when he was driving the taxi yesterday . He
caused an accident . He was received treatment for slight burns .
8. As they reached the outer suburbs it began to drizzle slightly
and Preston switched the wipers on
9. Checking the weather forecast is a vital part of my job .
10. They urged parliament to approve plans for their reform
programme
11. The car radio was pumping out music with a heavy beat
12. You ‘ll have to stay off beer if you want to reduce weight .
13. She was offered a new job to him to want him have a good
job .
14. There was a big controversy surrounding the use of drugs in
athletics .
15. The book is entitled “ Feelings “ by the writer .
16. Many plants become extinct before they have ever been
catalogued .
17. It would be presumptuous of me to comment on the matter .
18. I volunteered to come to the rig and make a personal appeal
backed by some supporters to call for an end to this dangerous
arctic oil drilling
19. The report calls for a ban on the import of industrial waste
20. Scientists have called for stricter controls on emisions of
laughing gas .
21. They had been pumping money into the business for some
years without seeing any results .
22. After a while , the wind began to die down .
23. He must face up to the fact that he is no longer young .
24. It took two hours to put out the fire .
25. He decided to call off his regular express conference .
26. He cut off a small piece of bread and gave it to me .
27. Can you help me to do up my dress ?
28. It’s a crime to throw away that food .
29. They did come in , and it took seven of them to get me down
to a single cell .
30. How long do you plan to stay ?
31. – 32 – 33. The rain looks as if it has set in for the rest of the
day .
34. I put the children’s bad behavior down to the fact that they
were tired .
35. People with asthma have difficulty in breathing .
36.I was still feeling a bit under the weather today .
37. We stopped to have a quick look at the church .
38.He was one of the most powerful men in America .
39. Even if you make a complete mess of it , the model has a
few inches to fall .
40.I just opened the drawer as usual and the handle came away
in my hand .
41.Don’t disappoint me by being late again .
42.It is hard to imagine the pain and suffering they went through
.
43.Everybody should be made aware of the risks involved .
44. The weather was good except for an occasional shower .
45.From coast to coast , the story in the same – global warming
is a reality .
46. Most people accept the proposition that we have a duty to
protect endangered species .
47.The method is more environmentally friendly than building
concrete walls .
48.There is no much likelihood of students will pass the test .
49.The former are disposed to combine in order to raise , the
latter in order to lower the price of labour .
50.The upper classes were synonymous to him with the
greatness of his country .
51.All the people here cause the death of the host cell .