✭❜✮ ✸✷✹

✭❝✮ ✵

✭❞✮ ✶✽

✭❡✮ ❛❧❧ t❤❡ ♦t❤❡r ❛♥s✇❡rs ❛r❡ ✇r♦♥❣

✶✺✳ ❚❤❡ ♠❛tr✐①  

k −1
A=
2 1−k
✐s ♥♦t ✐♥✈❡rt✐❜❧❡ ✇❤❡♥

✭❛✮ k = 2 ∨ k = −1
✭❜✮ k 6= −2 ❡ k 6= 1
✭❝✮ k = −2 ❡ k=1
✭❞✮ ❛❧❧ t❤❡ ♦t❤❡r ❛♥s✇❡rs ❛r❡ ✇r♦♥❣

✭❡✮ k 6= 2 ❡ k 6= −1

✶✻✳ ▲❡t    
2 −3 k 1
A= B=
−6 1 2 0
t❤❡♥ t❤❡ r❡❧❛t✐♦♥ A·B =B·A ❤♦❧❞s ❢♦r✿

✭❛✮ ♥♦ ✈❛❧✉❡ ♦❢ k
✭❜✮ ❡✈❡r② ✈❛❧✉❡ ♦❢ k
✭❝✮ k = − 13
1
✭❞✮ k= 3
✭❡✮ ❛❧❧ t❤❡ ♦t❤❡r ❛♥s✇❡rs ❛r❡ ✇r♦♥❣

✶✼✳ ❚❤❡ ❡❧❡♠❡♥t ♦❢ ♣❧❛❝❡ (1, 3) ♦❢ t❤❡ ♠❛tr✐① AB T ✱ ✇❤❡r❡✿

 
1 −1 2
A=
0 1 −4

❛♥❞  
5 −6 2
B = 0 14 8
4 1 3

✭❛✮ ❞♦❡s ♥♦t ❡①✐st

✭❜✮ ✐s ❡q✉❛❧ t♦ 9

✸
 ✭❝✮ ✐s ❡q✉❛❧ t♦ 0
✭❞✮ ❛❧❧ t❤❡ ♦t❤❡r ❛♥s✇❡rs ❛r❡ ✇r♦♥❣

✭❡✮ ✐s ❡q✉❛❧ t♦ −5

✶✽✳ ▲❡t ✉s ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r t❤❡ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣ ❧✐♥❡❛r s②st❡♠


x − 2y = −k

x + ky − z = −1

2x − ky − kz = −2


✭❛✮ ❆♥❛❧②③❡ t❤❡ ❜❡❤❛✈✐♦✉r ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ❛s k ✈❛r✐❡s ✐♥ R✳

✭❜✮ ❙♦❧✈❡ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ❢♦r k = 1✳

✶✾✳ ▲❡t ✉s ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r t❤❡ ♠❛tr✐①

 
k 2
A =  −1 −2k  k∈R
1 2

❛♥❞ t❤❡ ✈❡❝t♦r  

k
b = k 
1

✭❛✮ ❆♥❛❧②③❡ t❤❡ ❜❡❤❛✈✐♦✉r ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ Ax = b ❛s k ✈❛r✐❡s ✐♥ R✳

✭❜✮ ❙♦❧✈❡ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ ❢♦r k = −1✳

✷✵✳ ▲❡t ✉s ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r t❤❡ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣ ♠❛tr✐①

 
4 0 −3 −k
A = 0 −2 k −7
2 −k −1 −4

✭❛✮ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡ t❤❡ r❛♥❦ ♦❢ A ❛s k ✈❛r✐❡s ✐♥ R✳

✭❜✮ ❆♥❛❧②③❡ t❤❡ ❜❡❤❛✈✐♦✉r ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠
 
x  
y  1
A = 0 
z 
−2
t

✇❤❡♥ k ✈❛r✐❡s ✐♥ R.

✹
  
  0
x  0
✭❝✮ ❆♥❛❧②③❡ t❤❡ ❜❡❤❛✈✐♦✉r ♦❢ t❤❡ s②st❡♠ AT  y  = 
0✳
 ▼♦r❡♦✈❡r✱ s♦❧✈❡ ✐t ❢♦r
z
0
k = −1✳