❋✉♥❝t✐♦♥s

♦❢ t✇♦ r❡❛❧ ✈❛r✐❛❜❧❡s

❊①❡r❝✐s❡s

✶✳ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡ t❤❡ ❣r❛❞✐❡♥t ♦❢ f (x, y) = −6 ln(xy) + x2 − 4y

✷✳ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡ t❤❡ ❣r❛❞✐❡♥t ♦❢

y3 + 3
f (x, y) =
x5
❛t t❤❡ ♣♦✐♥t (x0 , y0 ) = (1, 1)✳

✸✳ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡ t❤❡ ❍❡ss✐❛♥ ♠❛tr✐① ♦❢ f (x, y) = 3x3 y 2 + 2x2 y 3 + 4xy − 3x2 ✳

∂2f ∂2f 1
✹✳ ❈♦♠♣✉t❡ ❛♥❞ ♦❢ f (x, y) = 4xy − ex−2y + ✳
∂2x ∂x∂y y2
4x2
✺✳ ❲❤❛t ❛r❡ t❤❡ ❧❡✈❡❧ ❝✉r✈❡s ♦❢ f (x, y) = e 3y ❄

✻✳ ❋✐♥❞ t❤❡ ❞❡❝r❡❛s✐♥❣ ❞✐r❡❝t✐♦♥ ♦❢ t❤❡ ❧❡✈❡❧ ❝✉r✈❡s ♦❢ f (x, y) = 2x−5y+8✳

✼✳ ❋✐♥❞ t❤❡ ✐♥❝r❡❛s✐♥❣ ❞✐r❡❝t✐♦♥ ♦❢ t❤❡ ❧❡✈❡❧ ❝✉r✈❡s ♦❢ f (x, y) = −x+7y−2

✽✳ ❙t✉❞② t❤❡ ❜❡❤❛✈✐♦✉r ♦❢ f (x, y) = x2 + xy − 4y 2 ❛t t❤❡ ♣♦✐♥t (0, 0)✳

✾✳ ❙t✉❞② t❤❡ ❜❡❤❛✈✐♦✉r ♦❢ f (x, y) = 3x2 + 2y 4 ❛t t❤❡ ♣♦✐♥t (0, 0)✳

4 −5y 2
✶✵✳ ❋✐♥❞ t❤❡ ❡①tr❡♠❛ ♦❢ f (x, y) = e−2x ✳

✶✶✳ ❋✐♥❞ t❤❡ st❛t✐♦♥❛r② ♣♦✐♥ts ♦❢ f (x, y) = −6 ln(xy) + x2 − 4y ✳

✶✷✳ ▲❡t f (x, y) ❜❡ ❛ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ✇❤♦s❡ ❞♦♠❛✐♥ ✐s ❞r❛✇♥ ✐♥ t❤❡ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣

♣✐❝t✉r❡✿
 ❲❤❛t ✐s ❛ s✉✐t❛❜❧❡ ❛♥❛❧②t✐❝❛❧ ❡①♣r❡ss✐♦♥ ♦❢ f ❄ ❈❤♦♦s❡ ♦♥❡ ♦❢ t❤❡
❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣ ❛❧t❡r♥❛t✐✈❡s✿

f (x, y) = ln x2 − y − 4 (x − y − 2)


✭❛✮
p
✭❜✮ f (x, y) = (x2 − y − 4) (x − y − 2)
f (x, y) = ln 4 − x2 + y (x − y − 2)


✭❝✮
p
✭❞✮ f (x, y) = (4 − x2 + y) (x − y − 2)
✭❡✮ t❤❡r❡ ✐s ♥♦ s✉✐t❛❜❧❡ ❡①♣r❡ss✐♦♥✳

✶✸✳ ❋✐♥❞ t❤❡ ❞♦♠❛✐♥ ♦❢

p
y − x2 ln 4 − 4x2 − y 2
4


f (x, y) = √ .
1−x−y

✶✹✳ ❙♦♠❡ ♦❢ t❤❡ ❧❡✈❡❧ ❝✉r✈❡s ♦❢ f (x, y) ❛r❡ r❡♣r❡s❡♥t❡❞ ✐♥ t❤❡ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣
♣✐❝t✉r❡✿

❲❤❛t ✐s t❤❡ ❛♥❛❧②t✐❝❛❧ ❡①♣r❡ss✐♦♥ ♦❢ f ❄ ❈❤♦♦s❡ ♦♥❡ ♦❢ t❤❡ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣

❛❧t❡r♥❛t✐✈❡s

✭❛✮ f (x, y) = x2 + y 2
✭❜✮ f (x, y) = 4x2 + y
✭❝✮ f (x, y) = 4x + y 2
✭❞✮ f (x, y) = 4x2 + y 2
✭❡✮ t❤❡r❡ ✐s ♥♦ s✉✐t❛❜❧❡ ❡①♣r❡ss✐♦♥✳

✷
✶✺✳ ▲❡t ✉s ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r ❛ ❝♦♥str❛✐♥❡❞ ♦♣t✐♠✐③❛t✐♦♥ ♣r♦❜❧❡♠ ✇❤❡r❡ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t✐✈❡
❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ✐s
f (x, y) = (x + 2y 2 − 6y + 3)(2x + 1)
❛♥❞ t❤❡ ❢❡❛s✐❜❧❡ r❡❣✐♦♥ ✐s
S = {(x, y) ∈ ■❘2 : x − y − 1 = 0}.

❙♦❧✈❡ t❤✐s ♣r♦❜❧❡♠ ✜♥❞✐♥❣ ❧♦❝❛❧ ❛♥❞ ❣❧♦❜❛❧ ❡①tr❡♠❛ ♦❢ f ♦♥ S ✳

✶✻✳ ▲❡t ✉s ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r ❛ ❝♦♥str❛✐♥❡❞ ♦♣t✐♠✐③❛t✐♦♥ ♣r♦❜❧❡♠ ✇❤❡r❡ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t✐✈❡
❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ✐s
f (x, y) = 8 − (x − 2)2 − (y − 2)2
❛♥❞ t❤❡ ❢❡❛s✐❜❧❡ r❡❣✐♦♥ ✐s
S = {(x, y) ∈ ■❘2 : x + y − 1 = 0}.

❉❡t❡r♠✐♥❡ ✇❤❛t ❛r❡ t❤❡ q✉❛❞r❛♥ts ✇❤❡r❡ t❤❡ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ ❤❛s ❡①tr❡♠❛✳
✭❍✐♥t✿ ❯s❡ t❤❡ ❧❡✈❡❧ ❝✉r✈❡s ♠❡t❤♦❞✮✳
✶✼✳ ▲❡t ✉s ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r ❛ ❝♦♥str❛✐♥❡❞ ♦♣t✐♠✐③❛t✐♦♥ ♣r♦❜❧❡♠ ✇❤❡r❡ t❤❡ ♦❜❥❡❝t✐✈❡
17. ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥
Represent✐ssome of the level curves of the following functions:
(a) f(x; y) = −(x − 5)^2 − = 8 − (x − 2)2 − (y − 2)2
(y −y)3)^2,
f (x,
(b) f(x;
❛♥❞ y) = 3x
t❤❡ − 2y, r❡❣✐♦♥ ✐s
❢❡❛s✐❜❧❡
(c) f(x; y) = x + y^2.
S = (x, y) ∈ R2 : x + y − 1 = 0, x ≤ −1, y ≤ −1 .


❙♦❧✈❡ t❤✐s ♣r♦❜❧❡♠ ❜② ✉s✐♥❣ t❤❡ ❧❡✈❡❧ ❝✉r✈❡s ♠❡t❤♦❞✳

✶✽✳ ▲❡t ✉s ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r t❤❡ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥
f (x, y) = 8 − (x − 2)2 − (y − 2)2

❛♥❢ t❤❡ ❢❡❛s✐❜❧❡ r❡❣✐♦♥

S = {(x, y) ∈ ■❘2 : x + y − α = 0}.

❋✐♥❞ t❤❡ ✈❛❧✉❡s ♦❢ α ✭✐❢ t❤❡② ❡①✐st✮ s✉❝❤ t❤❛t f ❤❛s ❛ ♠❛①✐♠✉♠ ♣♦✐♥t
♦♥ S ❛t (3, 2)✳
✶✾✳ ▲❡t ✉s ❝♦♥s✐❞❡r t❤❡ ❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣ s❡t
S = {(x, y) ∈ ■❘2 : x2 + y − 9 ≤ 0}.

❋✐♥❞ t❤❡ ❢✉♥❝t✐♦♥ f t❤❛t ❛❞♠✐ts ❛ ♠✐♥✐♠✉♠ ♣♦✐♥t ♦♥ S ❛♠♦♥❣ t❤❡

❢♦❧❧♦✇✐♥❣ ❛❧t❡r♥❛t✐✈❡s✿