1. Sources of pollutants in waters: 4.

- Types of air pollution originating from industry:

▪ Direct sources are sources of pollution that 1. Emissions are air pollution originating from
directly release hazardous waste and by-products pollutant sources
into the nearest water source without treatment. 2. Ambien is free air on the surface of the earth that
For example: Industrial, agricultural, household affects human health
waste. - The impact of air pollution on humans:
▪ Indirect sources are pollutants or pollutant Air pollution can cause health problems for humans.
materials that enter water bodies through These disturbances mainly occur in the physiological
groundwater, soil, atmosphere such as acid rain. function of organs such as the lungs and blood
For example: decomposing organic waste, detergent vessels or cause irritation to the eyes and skin. Air
waste pollution can also cause chronic respiratory diseases
How to control it: such as chronic bronchitis, emphysema
- Carry out waste treatment properly (inflammation of cavities or tissues due to gas or air
- Do not throw garbage in the river in them.
- Using environmentally friendly materials - Ways to control air pollution:
- Using environmentally friendly detergent 1. Switch from private vehicles to public
transportation
2. Do not burn trash
3. Stop smoking.
4. Limiting electricity consumption.
2. Eutrophication is the process of enrichment of 5. - Characteristics of solid waste categorized as B3:
nutrients and organic matter in water or water • Easy to light
pollution caused by the emergence of excess Waste that has highly flammable properties is waste
nutrients into aquatic ecosystems. Water can be said that can catch fire due to contact with air, flames, or
to be eutrophic if the total phosphate (TP) other materials even at standard temperature and
concentration in the water is in the range of 35-100 pressure.
µg/L. Eutrophication conditions are characterized by • Toxic
an increase in phytoplankton and aquatic plants Toxic waste is waste that contains substances that
(blooming algae), which will reduce dissolved are toxic to humans or animals, causing poisoning or
oxygen levels in the waters, as well as cause high death either through inhalation, skin or mouth
ammonia content which is toxic to aquatic biota. contact.
Causes of eutrophication: •Dangerous
▪ Disposal of industrial waste into waters Hazardous waste is any waste whether solid, liquid
▪ Human activity that is not friendly to the or gas which may cause a health risk to some extent
environment by inhalation or oral contact.
▪ Natural events such as floods • Corrosive
Eutrophication impact: Corrosive waste is waste that has the characteristics
▪ Disturbing the life of aquatic organisms of causing irritation to the skin
▪ Accelerates algae growth - How to control B3 waste:
▪ Disrupt the food chain Chemical method: this method is used to convert
Prevention: hazardous wastes into non-toxic gases, by modifying
▪ Use of parasitoids to repel pests their chemical properties such as ion exchange,
▪ Avoid dumping waste into rivers oxidation and reduction, chemical precipitation, and
▪ EIA planning neutralization
Thermal method: this method uses high
temperatures to burn solid or liquid materials
Biological method: this method is used for organic
waste treatment such as soil cultivation
Air pollution parameters
a. particulate matter (PM10);
b. particulates (PM2.5);
c. carbon monoxide (CO);
d. nitrogen dioxide (NO2);
e. sulfur dioxide (SO2);
f. ozone (O3);
g. hydrocarbons (HC)
6. Environmental management system framework
The concept of the Plan - Do -Check -Act (PDCA)
model underlies this manual approach to
environmental management systems. The PDCA
model provides an iterative process that is used by
the Company to achieve continuous improvement/
The PDCA model can be briefly described as
follows.
1. Plan: defines the environmental objectives and
processes necessary to achieve results in
accordance with the Company's environmental
policy.
2. Do the planned process.
3. Check monitor and cut processes against
environmental policies. including environmental
commitments and operational criteria, and report the
results.
4. Act: undertake continuous improvement.