Types of Chemical Reactions

6. Exothermic reaction Energy stored in reactants more

2 than its products explosions,
fireworks and glowsticks
Endothermic reaction Energy stored in reactants is more
less than in products. Which is
caused by the reaction absorbing
energy from its environment e.g.
ice packs and photosynthesis
Reactions with Oxygen Combustion Any chemical reaction that burns
oxygen to produce light and heat.
Classified as an exothermic
reaction
Hydrocarbons Substances made up of only
hydrogen and carbon atoms such
as natural gas or methane
Respiration Chemical reaction that goes on
inside the cells of all living things.
Corrosion Where metals combine with
oxygen gas in the to form metal
oxides
6. Decomposition Decomposition Where a single reactant breaks into
3 multiple products. General
equation (xy = x+y)
Thermal Decomposition Where a substance decomposes
due to heat. E.g. metal carbonates
and metal hydrogen carbonates
Combination Reactions Where to reactants combine to
form one product. Chemical
equation (x+y = xy)
Precipitation reaction Precipitation reaction An insoluble solid is formed when
and solubility two clear solutions are mixed and
reacted. E.g calcium carbonate
formed on pipes kettles and taps.
Soluble A substance that dissolves e.g
sugar in water
Insoluble A substance that doesn’t dissolve
e.g. a rock in water
Precipitate Product formed from two soluble
reactants combining e.g. calcium
carbonate
Solubility
Ionic Compound Ionic Compounds Substances made up of crystal
lattice of positive ions (cations) and
negative (anions).
Cation Atoms or groups of atoms that
have lost electrons and therefore
have positive charge
Anion Atoms that have gained electrons
and therefore have a negative
charge.
Polyatomic ions Ions with than one atom
Predicting precipitation Solubility table is used to predict
reactions the reaction that will occur when
two ionic solutions are mixed
Reactions with Acid Acid Any substance that releases
 hydrogen ions when dissolved in
water and have a ph less than 7
Base Substance that produces hydroxide
ions when dissolved in water
Alkaline A solution that has had a base
dissolved in it
Caustic Any base or alkaline with a ph over
7
Neutral Any substance with a ph of 7 as it is
neither acidic nor basic
Neutralisation When acids react with a base
Salt Ionic compounds produced
through a chemical reaction with
an acid
Acids and Metals When acids react with metals they
produce salt and hydrogen gas
Acids and Metal Most metal react with acids but
Reactivity may require higher concentrations
of acid to react.
Acids and Carbonates Acids react with carbonates to
produce salt , water and carbon
dioxide gas.