RADIO-BASED INSTRUCTION IN ORAL COMMUNICATION

EPISODE NUMBER: 04
LEARNING AREA: Oral Communication in Context
TITLE: Module 3 Lesson 2 Various Strategies to Avoid Communication Breakdown
OBJECTIVE/COMPETENCY: use appropriate strategies to avoid communication breakdown and achieve the goals
of relationship and community building

NUMBE TIME TECHNICAL SPIEL

R LINE INSTRUCTIONS
00:00-00:05 MUSIC INTRO
1 00:06-00:16 HOST: Hello, Grade 11 learners in Oral
2 Communication. How are you today? We are so glad to
3 be with you in your learning experience through radio.
4 This is teacher ________, your host for today.

00:17-00:19 MUSIC 1 UP
SUSTAIN FOR 3
SECONDS THEN
FADE UNDER
5 00:19-00:37 INTRODUCTION HOST: Before we begin our lesson, let us first make
6 sure that all of you are ready to learn by ensuring that
7 you are in a comfortable place and eagerly listening to
8 our broadcast. Do not forget to have with you as well
9 your pen and activity notebook. Are you ready now?
10 (PAUSE) If you are, then let us start!

00:38-00:40 MUSIC UP
SUSTAIN FOR 3
SECONDS THEN
FADE
11 00:41-00:56 STATE THE HOST: For our episode today, we will be learning the
12 LESSON various strategies to avoid communication breakdown.
13 OBJECTIVE Do you want it? (pause)

14 To help you with your lesson today, let me introduce you

15 to our oral communication teacher, Teacher _______!

CUE IN MUSIC
THEN SOFTEN AS
BACKGROUND
16 TEACHER: Good day, senior high school learners! I’m
17 00:57-01:08 your oral communication teacher, Teacher _________. I
18 am excited to bring you to another episode of fun and
19 learning. Let’s begin!

CUE IN MUSIC
01:09-01:11 SUSTAIN FOR 3
SECONDS THEN
FADE INTO
MELLOW
MUSICAL SCORING
ESTABLISH THE TEACHER: Communication breakdown may at times
20 SIGNIFICANCE OF be inevitable but as a sensible speaker or sender of the
21 01:12-01:30 THE TOPIC message, we could avoid this. Understanding the concept
22 of communication breakdown and its causes, will help us
23 realize that failure in communication may be avoided
through certain strategies that we could adapt.
24
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 25

26 But before we continue with our new topic, let us review

27 01:31-02:19 PRE-ACTIVITY our previous lesson. (pause)

28 In our previous lesson you have learned the concept of

29 communication breakdown and its causes. You have also
30 realized that recognizing the barriers or obstacles to
31 effective communication is important to avoid
32 communication breakdown. In this lesson, you will find
33 out how this breakdown of communication can be
34 avoided. Before we proceed, let us try to check what
35 knowledge have you stocked about this new lesson by
36 answering the activity found on page 17 of your module.

37 In this activity you have to list down two (2) to three (3)
38 situations based on your What I Can Do Activity in
39 Lesson 1 in which communication breakdowns were
40 experienced at home, school, and community. Then,
41 suggest one best strategy to avoid that communication
42 breakdown. I will give you 2 minutes to answer this
activity

MUSIC 1 UP FOR 2
02:20-04:20 MIN THEN FADE
UNDER
43 TEACHER: Time is up.
04:21-04:29
44 Now I want you to keep your answers and go back on it
45 after our discussion to check if you have answered it
well.

04:30-04:34 MUSIC UP FOR 4

SEC THEN FADE
UNDER

46 04:35-06:03 PRESENTATION OF TEACHER: It is indeed a challenge to share a clear and

47 LESSON effective understanding when communicating. That is
48 why, in all that we can, we should try our best to
49 understand and be understood. Every time we
50 communicate, we should make ourselves clear by
51 avoiding communication breakdown.

52 Now, let it be my turn to give you situations involving

53 communication breakdown, then I want you to think of
54 possible ways to avoid such situations. Are you ready?
55 (PAUSE) Okay, let us start. (PAUSE)

56 SITUATION 1. Leah, the English Club president was

57 asked to give her opinion about their project during the
58 meeting. She was not prepared with what to say and that
59 caused her suggestion to be misunderstood by her
60 members. (PAUSE)

61 SITUATION 2. Dan answered the wrong activity

62 because he was talking with his classmate when the
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 63 teacher was giving the instructions. (PAUSE)

64 SITUATION 3. Jane and Rose planned through

65 messenger about their partnered project but found it hard
66 to understand each other’s point by just reading each
67 other’s messages. (PAUSE)

MUSIC 1 UP FOR 2
06:03-06:05 MIN THEN FADE
UNDER
68 TEACHER: Okay, now, let us try check our answers.
06:06-07:04
69 For situation 1, how would you avoid the situation where
70 Leah’s suggestion was misunderstood by her members
71 because of her unpreparedness? (PAUSE) Correct! You
72 may have clarity of thought before speaking.

73 How about for situation 2, where Dan answered the

74 wrong activity because he was talking with his classmate
75 when the teacher was giving the instructions? (PAUSE)
76 Exactly! You should learn to listen.

77 Lastly, how would you avoid situation 3 where Jane and

78 Rose found it hard to understand each other’s point by
79 just reading each other’s messages in messenger?
80 (PAUSE) Yes, right! You may have it face to face to
81 make clear with important points.

07:05-07:08 MUSIC UP FOR 4

SEC THEN FADE
UNDER
82 TEACHER: It seems to me that you already have
83 07:09-15:35 DISCUSSION knowledge of our today’s lesson which is strategies to
84 avoid communication breakdown, but let me add some
points.
85
86 Ronnie Peterson introduced Five Ways to avoid
87 Communication Breakdown. According to him,
88 communication breakdown can cause issues or problems
89 at home, school, and community. There are so many
90 barriers to communication like, physiological,
91 psychological, cultural, and linguistics. Sometimes some
92 communication barriers are too difficult to solve and this
will lead to slowing the progress and efficiency.
93
94 Here are the possible strategies to avoid communication
breakdown:
95
96 1. Have Clarity of thought before speaking.
97 Arrange your thoughts before verbalizing them. This
98 can help you communicate much more clearly and
99 succinctly. It's a better idea to say something like, "I've
100 got a few ideas here. Let me go through them one at a
101 time. We can treat each one on its own merit."
102 2. Learn to Listen
103 As simple as it sounds, you’ll be surprised how many
104 people out there don’t know how to listen well.
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 105 Not understanding those who you are trying to
106 communicate with will lead to a conversation fraught
107 with misunderstandings. Don’t be afraid to ask them to
108 repeat or explain further in polite manner once you don’t
understand the point.
109
110 3. Take Care of your Body Language and Tone
111 Keep your emotions in check, try to maintain eye
contact, and adopt a relaxed tone when conversing with
112 others.
113
114 4. Build up your confidence by asking for feedback
115 and observing others
116 Focus on improving your skills by practicing in front of
117 those who you may feel more comfortable with. You can
118 also ask those whose advice you value to give you
feedback and critique your communication style after a
119 discussion.
120
121 5. Communicate Face to Face on the important
122 issues
123 Having that face to face dialogue means you can convey
124 your point more clearly, with your body language as well
125 as your tone of voice.
126 It can also help to clear up any misunderstandings or
distortion of the message that could occur through other
127 mediums.

128 Here are another strategies introduced by Quipper.

129
130 Keep Focused
131 One way of being focused is to put in mind the
132 purpose communication. As a speaker identify your
purpose for speaking and as a listener find the speaker’s
133 purpose thru his/her verbal and non-verbal cues.
134
135 Speak Intelligibly
136 Speaking intelligibly or clearly means using the
137 appropriate speaking volume, pitch rate, proper
enunciation, stress, and acceptable pronunciation. We
138 speak in order to be understood.
139
140 Listen with your Ears and Eyes
141 Pay attention to verbal and non-verbal message.
Effective communication depends on what people say
142 and how they say it.
143
144 Minimize Distractions
145 Look for a place where you can minimize
146 distractions or noise like closed area, empty room, or
quiet places. Lessening the cause for confusion means
giving more room to focus and concentrate.
147
148
149 Be Specific
150 Use simple and concise words as much as possible
in delivering a message. Being specific means being
151 particular and direct to the point.
152

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 153 Do not Jump to Conclusions
154 Before you give your comments and judgment, be
155 sure that you have listened attentively to the speaker.
Conclusions should be drawn after a thorough analysis
156 of point given or information received.
157
7Cs of Effective Communication by Broom, Cutlip
158 and Center (2012) in their book Effective Public
159 Relations.
160
161 Completeness. It is important to whole communication
162 process. The speaker should include everything that the
163 receiver needs to hear, respond, react, or evaluate
properly. S/he should be able to convey all pertinent
164 details so listener or audience will be able to grasp the
165 intended message.
166
167 Conciseness. The message should be direct or straight to
the point and should be expressed in the least possible
168 number of words. Irrelevant information should not be
169 included.
170
171 Consideration. In order to be effective, the speaker
172 should give high regard and courtesy to audience’s
background information such as his/her culture,
173 education, religion, status, mood, feelings, and needs.
174 This will result in building rapport or connection with
175 the audience.

176 Concreteness. Effective communication is backed up by

177 facts, figures, and real-life examples or situations. This
178 will make the receiver to understand the message better.
179
180 Courtesy. The speaker can show respect to his/her
181 receivers through understanding their culture, values,
182 and beliefs. The speaker can show respect to the listeners
183 by demonstrating an understanding of their beliefs,
184 values, and culture. This implies good choice of words
185 and language and a consideration of the audience’s
186 perspectives and feelings on the part of the sender.
Showing courtesy helps create a positive vibe with the
187 audience. This implies good choice of words and
188 language on the part of the sender and consideration of
189 audience’s perspectives.

190 Clearness. It implies the use of simple and specific

191 words to express ideas. When the speaker focuses on
192 specific ideas, it will not confuse the audience.

193 Correctness. Avoiding mistakes in grammar helps to

194 boost the credibility and effectiveness of the message,
195 and at the same time it eliminates negative impact on the
audience.

196 You may also avoid communication breakdown using

197 time gaining expressions, giving positive remarks or
198 comments, asking for repetition, and checking for
199 understanding.
200

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 201 Remember, becoming an effective
202 communicator takes time and practice. Over time, using
203 these strategies can lead to better communication in your
204 personal relationships, and more productive workplace
205 environments as well.
206
A smooth and successful communication
transaction may result if we follow the strategies to avoid
communication breakdown. Communication becomes
successful if and only if our communication goal is
achieved, that is, an understanding is reached and a
relationship is built or maintained.

15:36-15:39 MUSIC UP FOR 4

SEC THEN FADE
UNDER
207 TEACHER: Have you learned now the different
208 15:40-24:11 ACTIVITY/ strategies and tips to avoid a communication breakdown?
209 EXERCISE (PAUSE) Very good!

210 Now, before we proceed to our activities, I want you to

211 check your answers in our pre-activity. (PAUSE) Were
212 you able to find good ways to avoid such situations?
213 (PAUSE) Sounds great!

214 (MUSIC UP FOR 4 SEC THEN FADE UNDER)

215 This time, we will perform some activities to better

216 understand the various strategies to avoid
217 communication breakdown.

218 Turn your module to page 22, Activity 1, what you have
219 to do is to match column A with the best answer in
220 column B. Write your answers on a separate sheet of
221 paper. I will give you two minutes to answer this
activity.
222
(MUSIC 2 UP, SUSTAIN FOR 2 MIN THEN FADE
223 OUT)
224
225 Time is up! Let us proceed to our next activity. Still on
226 page 2 of your module, let’s do Activity 2. This time,
227 you have to identify what 7Cs to Effective
228 Communication is being described. Again, write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper. I will give you
229 another two minutes to answer this activity.

230 (MUSIC 2 UP, SUSTAIN FOR 2 MIN THEN FADE

231 OUT)
232
233 Time is up! Let us continue with Activity 3 at page 23 of
234 your module. In this activity, you have to think of
235 another helpful expression for each of the following
expressions to avoid communication breakdown. Put
236 your answer in each box.
237 (MUSIC 2 UP, SUSTAIN FOR 2 MIN THEN FADE
238 OUT)
239
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 240 Time is up! We will now check your answers. Let’s start
241 with Activity 1. The answers are:
242 1. B
2. A
3. E
243 4. F
244 5. D
245
246
247 For activity no. 2,
248 1. correct grammar
2. completeness
249 3. conciseness
4. courtesy
250 5. concreteness
251
For activity no. 3, possible answers are:
252
253 Time gaining expression – “really”, “uhmm”, “uh-huh”,
“anyway”, “tell me more…”
254
255 Give positive remarks or comments – “sounds good”,
“I see what you mean”, “sounds great”, “interesting”
256
257 Ask for a repetition- “Can you please repeat what you
said?”, “May I hear it again?”
258
Check for understanding – “Am I understood?” “Do
you get it”

Do you have them right? (PAUSE) Very good!

24:12-24:15 MUSIC UP FOR 4

SEC THEN FADE
UNDER
259 24:16-25:24 SUMMARY OF THE TEACHER: To wrap everything up, let us do together
260 LESSON the activity (What I have Learned) on page 23 of your
261 module.
262 What we have to do is to complete the diagram on how
to avoid communication breakdown.
263
264 Strategies on How to Avoid Communication
265 Breakdown
266 1. Keep Focused
267 2. Be Specific
268 3. Speak Intelligibly
269 4. Listen with your ears and eyes
5. Minimize Distractions
270 6. Do Not Jump into Conclusions
271
272 7 Cs of Effective Communication
273 1. Completeness
274 2. Conciseness
275 3. Concreteness
276 4. Courtesy
277 5. Consideration
6. Correctness
278 7. Clearness
279
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 280 Helpful Expressions to Avoid Communication
281 Breakdown 1. Use time gaining expressions
282 2. Check for understanding
3. Ask for repetition
4. Give Positive Remarks or comments

25:25-25:28 MUSIC UP FOR 4

SEC THEN FADE
UNDER
283 25:29-28:39 EVALUATION TEACHER: It seems that you are now ready to take our
284 pop quiz. Grab your pen and use a separate sheet of
285 paper for your answer. Our quiz will be True or False.
286 Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if
otherwise.

287
288 1. Concreteness in communication creates positive
impact to the audience. (PAUSE)
289
290 2. Clearness helps in eliminating confusions among
the audience. (PAUSE)

291
292 3. Grammar mistakes eliminate negative impacts
among the receivers. (PAUSE)
293
294 (CUE IN MUSIC 4. Rapport is created when considering the
FOR THINKING background of the receivers. (PAUSE)
295 TIME)
296 5. Communication becomes effective when it is
297 supported by facts, figures, and examples.
(PAUSE)
298
299 6. As a speaker, you have to use technical words in
order to impress the audience. (PAUSE)
300
301 7. Complete message is important to the process of
302 communication particularly with the receivers.
(PAUSE)
303
304 8. Giving positive remarks shows interest in a
conversation. (PAUSE)
305
306 9. The expression “So, are you saying that…” asks
for repetition. (PAUSE)
307
308 10. Use polite expressions when asking for
clarifications. (PAUSE)
309
310 11. You must use appropriate speaking volume,
311 pitch rate, proper enunciation, stress, and
acceptable pronunciation. (PAUSE)
312
313 12. Accept the ideas of the sender even without full
understanding of the message. (PAUSE)
314
315 13. The speaker should know his purpose before he
speaks. (PAUSE)
316
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 317 14. You must pay attention only in verbal cues.
(PAUSE)
318
319 15. To limit distractions, stay beside the basketball
court. (PAUSE)
320
TEACHER: Now, let us check if your answers are
321 correct.
322
323 1. False
324 2. True
325 3. True
326 4.True
327 5.True
328 6.False
329 7.True
330 8.True
331 9.False
332 10.True
333 11. True
334 12.False
335 13.True
14.False
15.False

336 28:40-30:00 DISMISSAL TEACHER: For your enrichment activity, I want you to
337 write your own 5 Tips on how to avoid communication
338 breakdown. Include a brief explanation for each tip.
339 (CUE IN MUSIC) Refer to page 25 of your module for the rubric of this
activity.
340
341
342 And that concludes our episode today. Thank you, senior
343 high school students, for a productive hour of listening.
344 Again, this is your oral communication teacher, Teacher
_____________. Stay safe and be well!
345
(cue in station id)
346
347 (INTENSIFY MUSIC Host: I hope you have gained something new today. This
348 SUSTAIN FOR 5 is your radio host, saying, “Communication is the
349 SECONDS AND solvent of all problems and is the foundation for personal
THEN FADE) development.” Keep safe and have a nice day!

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Reference:
Oral Communication in Context, Quarter 1-Module 3: Lesson 2 Various Strategies to Avoid Communication
Breakdown

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 BENMAR F. CABUS
Teacher II, OPNHS
Radio Scriptwriter

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