You are on page 1of 2

~

I
ncuxoHO?ll'/Nll lt3CJle013GHllf/, Kii. 2120 I 0, Coe/nm

IlCIIXllqHOTO liJIAronoJiyqllE B IlAPAJJ:llrMATA


HA XYMAHIICTllqHATA IlCIIXOJIOrIUI
II EK31ICTEHQIIAJIHATA IlCHXOTEPAilll51

Pocuua feoprtteBa*, HttKoJiatt .E>aBpo

Lfpe3 Cb3oaem1e u 11ww2a11e 11a a6u1u 11apMu, cmaHoapmu u Maoe11u Ja


oa6bp J/CU6am U /1CUXU'llla 6J1a2ana11yl/ue xapama Ma?am OQ 6bOQIJ1 YHU-
qnti{UpW!U, 1wanunYJtupm-1u u eKcnJ1aamupa11u. XyMa11ucmut111ama ncu-
xa.7a2uft u eKJucme11i1uam1a ncuxamepanufl npu3naeam y1-1uKaJ111acmma
/IQ cy6eKl11U6HQ/11Q pea.llltOC/11 U npaeama TIQ 6CCKU OQ meapu U amcma-
fl6G Ka11i1emJlmma cu Ja JICU3HeHa 6J1a2ana11yLJue. J{ucKymupmt e ncu-
xaa11aJ1umul/J-1Uflm npw-n1un Ha yoaea!lcmeuema u xaMeacma1a Kama
l/CGOCK6Q/11C/I 3Q HG06UOJI02Ul/HU/ne HU6Q l/Q pyrtK'f,(.Ua1-1upa1-1e 1-IG l/a6e-
KQ. B e1<Jucmem1uamwma napaouz.Ma meJu nuea ce pa36upam Kama
!lai1-cbufecmee11u Ja LJaeewKama npupaoa. Te anpeoe!lflm xapaKmepa
u eeKmapa Ha e:J1ce0Hee11amo 6J1a2anaJ1yLJue, cuJ1ama u ee!lul/uema 11a
cnpaefl1-1emo c eKcmpaopowwp1-1ume u mpa2uLJ1-1u cb6umufl e J1cueoma.

nc11Xl1lJHOTO 6naronOJJYlJYle Ha CbBpeMeHH11}1 lJOBeK e TeMa C OCTpa aKTyan-


HOCT, np11BJll1lJaw,a BHl1MaH11eTO 11 Ha cneu,11aJl11CTl1Te B o6nacTTa Ha nc11XOJlO-
rJ.1}1Ta 11 nc11x11aTp11}1Ta. Tosa e nopo11.eHo OT 0Yes1111.HY1}1 11 TpesmKeH cjJaKT, Ye
11.0CTYlraHeTO Ha see nO-Bl1COKl1 paBHl1W,a Ha MaTep11aJlHO YI cou11aJJHO 6naro-
11.eHCTBl1e He BOLl.}lT e11.Ho3Ha4HO JJ,o BbTpewHo 6naronony411e 11n11, 1-rnat1e Ka3a-
HO, 11.0 W,aCTl1e. no11.06Ha TeH,LleHl.1,11}1 Ce pa3rJJe)l<D,a KaTO 11H,LlYIKaTl1BHa B o6w,e-
CTBO, 3a11HTepecosaHo 11 3arp11)l<eHo 3a nc11x11LIHOTO 3.npase 11 6naronony411eTo
Ha cso11Te rpmKJJ,aH11. LJ:pyr e BbnpocbT JJ,an11 Ta311 3arp11)KeHocT Hee no-cKopo
JJ,eKnapaT11BHa 11 MmI<e JJYI peam10 11.a 6b.ne cpe.n nbpBoCTeneHHYITe B ycnos11Ha
Ha 3a,LlbJl604aBaw,a ce rno6aJJHa cjJ11HaHCOBO-l1KOHOMY14eCKa Kp113a.
HayYHaTa 11 np11JJO)l<HaTa nc11xonor11}1 JJ,Hec ca 113npaseH11 npeJJ, HeneKaTa
3a,Lla4a KaKTO JJ,a KOHCTaT11paT CTeneHTa, Ka4eCTBOTO 11 KpOCKYJJTYPHl1Te pa3Jll1-
411}1 B nc11x114 HOTO 6naronony411e Ha xopa c pa3Jl 114e1-1 cou,11aneH, Hau,110HaneH
11 nc11x11YeH cTaTyc, TaKa YI 11.a 6bD.aT B noMow, Ha Te3YI, KOl1TO ce on11TBaT JJ,a ro
nos11waT. B cnyYa}l ce 113xmKJJ,a OT npe3yMnU11}1Ta 3a BYICOKaTa couY1aJJHa )Kena-

*H.c. I CT. a -p Pocuua l'copntcBa - VIHCT111)'T no nc11xononrn npu 61,nrapcKaTa aKMeMHH Ha 1rnyK11Te.
Anpec ·ia KOllTUKTH: rositu2002 @yahoo .co.uk

37
nc11XOJIOl'l1'IHl1 113CJienBaH11n. KH. 2/20 I0, Co<IJ11n

TeJJHOCT Ha 6narononyc111eTo H Sb3MmKHOCTTa 3a nocniraHeTo MY c pa3JJH4HH


11H11,11sH11,yanH11 11 cou,11anHH cpe11,cTsa 11 HHHUHaT11s11. B He11,anel.fHOTo HH 11cTo-
p114ecKo MHHano Ha Ta311 cxeMa fo1xa no11,4HHeH11 nponaraHD,HCTKHTe cou11a-
JlHCTH4eCKH nocJJaHH513a sceo6w.o 6naro11,eHCTSHe. ,lJ.HeC nOH51THeTO nCHX114HO
6naronony411e s nCHXOJlOrHl.fHaTa JlHTepaTypa ce H3nOJl3Sa KaTO CHHOHHM Ha
aMepHKaHCKOTO "well-being", npHeMaHo KaTO yHHsepcaneH eTanoH 3a Cbspe-
MeHHO 40SeWKO w.acTHe.
XyMaHHCTHl.fHaTa nc11xonorn51 Sb3HHKsa s AMep11Ka s cpe11,arn Ha XX s.
KaTO aHTHTe3a Ha 11,0MHHHpaw.aTa TOrasa s aMepHKaHCKaTa Hayl.fHa nCHXOJl0rH51
6HxesHop11cTH4Ha napa11,11rMa 11 npH3HasaHaTa 3a Hai1-asTop11TeTHa s ncHXOTe-
paneBTH4HaTa npaKTHKa Teop1151 1-1a 3HrMyH11, <l>poi111,. T51 ce npoTHsonocTas51 Ha
HanaraHH51 Bb3rJJe)1, l.fe 40SeKbT e n0)14HHeH Ha HHCTHHKTHSHaTa CH np11po11,a,
KOeTo no3BOJ151Ba Lfpe3 He51 TOH 11,a 6b11,e ycnewHo MaHHnynHpaH, KOHTpon11paH
11 e1<cnnoaT11paH. JlocToseTe 3a ynpasneHHe H no11,lfHHeHHe Ha xopaTa Lipe3 ueH-
HOCTHTe Ha noTpe611TeJlCKOTO H KapHepHO OpHeHTHpaHOTO 3ana11,HO o6w.ecTBO
ca 11,06pe no3HaTH 11 w11po1<0 H3nomsa1-111. B ycnos11Ha Ha rno6anHaTa qrnHaH-
coso-111<0HoM11l.fec1<a Kp113a Te, ysH, see no-y6e11,HTeJJHO w.e 11,01<a3saT cso51Ta
CHJla 11 ecpeKTHBHOCT.
EK3HCTeHL1,HanHaTa ncHxoTepanH51 ce 3apmK11,a B Espana 11 HMa pa3JJH4-
HH OT xyMaHHCTH4HaTa ncHXOJlOrH51 KyJJTYPHH H TeopeTH4HH npe11,nocTaBKH.
06e,UHH51Baw.a 11,seTe HanpasneHH51 e T51XHaTa cpeHOMeHOJlOrHl.fHa opHeHTaUH5111
1-1ecbrnacHeTo c pe11,y1<UHOHH3Ma Ha o6eKTHSHCTH4HH51 Hayl.feH 11 ncHxoaHaJJH-
TH4HH51 TepaneSTHl.feH no11,xo11, KbM 40SeKa. 0CHOSaTeJl51T Ha eK3HCTeHUHaJJHa-
Ta ncHXOTepanH51, wsei1uapc1<115!T ncHx11aTbp Jlf011,s11r 511HcBaHrep, onpe11,en51
ce6e CH KaTo y4eH111<, HO He 11 nocne11,osaTen Ha <l>poi111,. BbnpeKH l.fe 11,saMaTa
ca CSbp3aHH c T51CHO CbTpy11,Hf.14eCTBO 11 1l,bJlroro11,11wHa 11,py)1<6a, bl1HCBa1-1rep
ce pa3rpaHH4asa OT Y4HTeJJ51 CH, KaTo 3a51s51sa: ,,<l>poi111, HH noKa3a, 4e 4ose1<bT
HMa HHCTHHKTH, speMe e 11,a CH npHnOMHHM, l.fe TOH HMa H ,lJ.yx" (nHHCSaHrep,
Jl .. 1993).
B Ta3H cppa3a ce Cb11,bp)Ka rnasHaTa OTJlY14HTenHa pa3JJHKa Me)l<11,y nc11xo-
aHaJJHTH4HH51 H eK3HCTeHu,11an1-10-xyMaH11CTHl.fHH5! Sb3rne11, 3a Lfose1<a. TibpBH51T
pa31<p11sa CHJJaTa H pOil51Ta Ha no11,cb3HaTeJJHHTe 11MnyncH s HerosaTa npHpo11,a
H e 4aCT OTT.Hap. ,,11,bJl6HHHa nCHXOJlonrn", STOp1151T nOJJ,lfeTasa no3HTHSHHTe
HaMepeHH51 11 cTpeMe)KH y l.foseKa H cnope11, MHeH11eTo Ha BHKTOP <l>paHKbJl
CHMeTpH4HO Mm1<e 11,a 6b11,e onpe11,eneH KaTo ,,BbpWHHHa nc11xonorn5!". Tio-
cne11,HaTa ce OTJ1114asa c HHTepeca KbM ,,HaD,nCHXHl.fHHTe" - HOOreHH, TpaHC-
ueH)leHTHH, 11,yxosHH npe)l<HS51SaHH51 11 Cbllf.HOCT Ha 4ose1<a. CMHaMe, l.fe T0311
acneKT OT pa3611paHeTO 3a 40SeKa s xyMaHHCTHl.fHaTa nc11XOJlOrH5! H eK3HCTeH-
UHaJJHaTa ncHxoTepanH51 e Heo6xo11,11M np11 pa3rne)l(11,aHeTo H aHaJJH3a Ha pa3-
Jll14HHTe cpopM11 Ha ncHXHl.fHO 6naronony4He. J13so11,HTe s Ta3H napa11,HrMa He
ce OCHOSasaT Ha H3CJleD,BaHe Ha roJJeMH H3Sa11,KH, a Ha cl)eHOMeHOJlOrH51Ta Ha
,,Jll14Hl1Te )l(f13HeHH cseTOBe", T.e. Ha YHHI<aJJHaTa peaJJHOCT Ha HH)111BH)1yaJJHO-
TO lfOSeWKO Cblll,eCTsysaHe.
KnacHL1ecKaTa eK3HCTeHu,HaJJHa ncHXOTepanH51 Ha JJ. 5HHcsaHrep, H3BeCT-
Ha owe 1<aTo Dasain-analis, 113nomsa 3a on11caH11eTo Ha Ta3H peaJJHOCT H Hei1-
HHTe Maw.a611 cp11nocoqlcK11Te H11,e11 Ha MapTHH Xai111,erep. B rnx 40BeKbT ce

38

You might also like