REVISION INTRODUCTION TO CULTURE AND SOCIETY

Format: 1. Multiple Choice; 2. Fill in the blanks.

PART 1: AMERICAN CULTURE
7. What is cultural pluralism? (Chủ nghĩa đa nguyên là gì)
- A mixing of different cultures in which each culture retains its own
identity, often referred to as “salad bowl”.
Example: New York City is a prime example (ví dụ điển hình) of culture
pluralism. Chinatown is perhaps the best – known ethnic enclave, but there
are also vibrant Italian, Irish, Jewish and Puerto Rican communities.
8. What is the relationship among six values of the Americans?
Six values the American are: Individual freedom (tự do cá nhân); Self -
reliance (tự lực); Equality of opportunity (bình đẳng về cơ hội); competition
(cạnh tranh); material wealth (của cải vật chất); hard work (làm việc chăm
chỉ).
The relationship among these values (Mối quan hệ giữa những giá trị này)
– the rights and the responsibilities (quyền và trách nhiệm) – creates the
fabric of the American society (tạo nên kết cấu của xã hội Mỹ). It is this
fabric that defines the American Dream (Chính cơ cấu này đã xác định Giấc
Mơ Mỹ) – the belief that if people take responsibility for their lives and work
hard (niềm tin rằng nếu mọi người chịu trách nhiệm với cuộc sống của họ và
làm việc chăm chỉ), they will have the individual freedom to pursue their
personal goals and a good opportunity to complete for success (họ sẽ có
quyền tự do cá nhân để theo đuổi các mục tiêu cá nhân và cơ hội tốt để hoàn
thành để thành công).
The first is for Individual Freedom and the price for that is Self – Reliance
(Đầu tiên là vì tự do cá nhân và cái giá phải trả cho điều đó là tự lực cánh
sinh). We cannot be truly free if we cannot take care of ourselves and be
independent (Chúng ta không thể thực sự tự do nếu chúng ta không thể tự
chăm sóc bản than và độc lập).
The second is for Equality of Opportunity, and the price for that is
Competition. (Thứ hai là bình đẳng về cơ hội, và cái giá phải trả cho điều đó
là cạnh tranh). If everyone has an equal chance for success, then we have to
complete (Nếu mọi người đều có cơ hội thành công như nhau, thì chúng ta
phải cạnh tranh).
 The third is for the American Dream, the opportunity for a better life and a
higher standard of living (Thứ ba là giấc mơ Mỹ, cơ hội đểcó một cuộc sống
tốt đẹp hơn và mức sống cao hơn). The price for the American Dream has
traditionally been hard work (Cái giá cho Giấc mơ Mỹ theo truyền thống là
làm việc chăm chỉ).
9. The price for each value?
10. What is American Dream? What is the slogan of American
Dream?
Americcan Dream is “that dream of a land in which life should be better
and richer and fuller for everyone (giấc mơ về một vùng đất mà cuộc sống sẽ
tốt đẹp hơn, giàu có hơn và đầy đủ hơn cho mọi người), with opportunity for
each according to ability or achievement (với cơ hội cho mỗi người tùy theo
khả năng khả năng hoặc thành tích)."
What Are Examples of the American Dream?
Examples of the American Dream include owning your own house,
starting a family, and having a stable job or owning your own business. (Ví
dụ về giấc mơ Mỹ bao gồm sở hữu ngôi nhà của riêng bạn, bắt đầu một gia
đình, có một công việc ổn định hoặc sở hữu doanh nghiệp riêng của bạn).
Slogan of American Dream: "life should be better and richer and fuller for
everyone, with opportunity for each according to ability or achievement"
regardless of social class or circumstances of birth.
11. What is designed to protect specific individual rights and freedom
in America?
The Bill of Rights (Tuyên ngôn nhân quyền) is the first 10 Amendments to
the Constitution. It spells out Americans' rights in relation to their
government. It guarantees civil rights and liberties to the individual—like
freedom of speech, press, and religion. (Nó đảm bảo các quyền và tự do của
mỗi cá nhân – bao gồm từ do ngôn luận, báo chí, tôn giáo).
12. What are the names of three branches in the American
government? Legislative (Lập pháp), Executive (Hành pháp), Judicial (Tư
pháp).
13. How many posilities are there that can happen once Congress (Quốc
hội) and a bill (dự Luật) to the President? 3.
 14. How many members are there in the House of Representatives (hạ
nghị viện)? 435.
15. How many members are there in the Senate (thượng nghị viện)? 100.
16. What are the two political parties in the United States? Democrats and
Republicans (Đảng Dân chủ và Đảng Cộng hòa).
17. What is the suitable adjective to describe the Democrats/ Republicans?
The Democratic Unionist Party (Đảng liên minh dân chủ).
19. In what year was the Constitution of the United States (Hiếp pháp Hoa
kỳ) written? – 1787.
20. In the presidential elections, blue/ red states give the electoral votes to
which candidate? Presidents and Senator.
23. What are welfare (phúc lợi) and entitlements (quyền lợi)? -
provide assistance to low-income families, especially children living in
poverty.
24. What is the name of the group of people share a common interest and
work together to more effectively influence the actions of government? (Tên
của nhóm người có chung mối quan tâm và làm việc cùng nhau để gây ảnh
hưởng hiệu quả hơn đến các hành động của chính phủ) – Interest Group.
25. When was the basic system of public schools established? 1852.
PART 2: BRITISH CULTURE (VĂN HÓA ANH)
1. Where is the UK located? - British Isles.
2. What make up the UK? - England (nước Anh), Scotland, Wales và
Northern Ireland (Bắc Ai – Len).
3. What is the largest island lying of the north-west coast of Europe?
Hòn đảo lớn nhất nằm ở bờ biển phía tây bắc châu Âu là gì? – Great Britain.
4. What is the smallest nation in the United Kingdom? – Northern
Ireland.
5. What are the capital cities of each country?
London, the capital city of England.
Edinburgh, the capital city of Scotland.
Cardiff, the capital city of Wales.
Belfast, the capital city of Northern Ireland.
6. Who are the patron saint of each country?
 In the UK, four patron saints represent each of the nations: St George in
England, St Patrick in Northern Ireland, St Andrew in Scotland, and St
David in Wales.
Ở Vương quốc Anh, bốn vị thánh bảo trợ đại diện cho mỗi quốc gia:
Thánh George ở Anh, Thánh Patrick ở Bắc Ireland, Thánh Andrew ở
Scotland và Thánh David ở xứ Wales.
7. What are the national plants of each country?
The English Rose. The national flower of England is the Tudor rose (hoa
hồng).
The Scottish Thistle. The national flower of Scotland is the thistle (cây kế),
which is commonly found in the Scottish highlands.
The Welsh Daffodil. The national flower of Wales is the daffodil (hoa thủy
tiên vàng).
The Irish Shamrock (cây me đất) – the national flower of Northern Ireland.
8. What is the name of the British national flag? – Union Jack.
9. What is the traditional dress of Scotland? – kilt, knee-length skirt like
garment. (váy dài đến đầu gối như là quần áo).
10. What are the stereotyped image (khuôn mẫu về hình ảnh) of London
city gent? – The stereotyped of image of London “city gent” includes the
wearing of a bowler hat.
11. What is the traditional British breakfast called? Fry – up (áp chảo).
12. Anti-intellectualism vocabulary? (chống chủ nghĩa trí thức) – A
person opposed to (chống lại) or hostile (thù địch) toward intellectuals and
the modern academic (lý thuyết học thuật) , artistic (nghệ thuật) , social,
religious, and other theories associated with them.
16. What system of measurement is popular in the United Kingdom?
Metric system.
17. What is the family name of British royal family? – Windsor.
18. Who is the current monarch of the UK? - King Charles III.
19. Royal residences (Nơi sống của Hoàng Gia)? – Buckingham Palace.
20. Who is presently next in line to be the monarch in Britain? - William,
Prince of Wales.
24. Title of heads of government department? (Chức danh thủ trưởng cơ
quan nhà nước) – Secretary of State. (Ngoại trưởng).
25. Where does the British government work? At 10 Downing Street in
Westminster, London / Whitehall.
26. How many houses are there in the Parliament (Quốc hội)?2.
 27. How many members are there in the House of Commons? (Hạ nghị
viện) – 650.
28. How often are members of the UK Parliament elected? Usually take
place every 5 years.
29. The atmosphere of Parliament?
30. What is the name of the daily reports of debates in the Commons? –
Hansard.
31. Who chairs (chủ trì) and controls discussion in the Commons? - The
speaker.
32. Which pronoun must an MP never use when speaking in Parliament?
You.
33. Where does the Prime Minister live? 10 Downing Street.
34. By what name is the Palace of Westminster generally known? The
House of Parliament. (Tòa nhà Quốc hội).

AMERICAN CULTURE
AC – MULTIPLE CHOICE
Câu 1. In the United States, what kind of school is established by
government but operated by parents, private company.
C. Charter school.
Câu 2: Early settlers came to the North American continent and
established colonies mainly because the wanted to be free from …. (Những
người định cư ban đầu đến lục địa Bắc Mỹ và thành lập các thuộc địa chủ
yếu vì họ muốn được tự do khỏi….)
A. The power of kings, priests, and noblemen (Quyền lực của các vị
vua, linh mục và quý tộc).
Câu 3: What does “STEM” stand for?
A. Science, Taxation, Economy, Math.
Câu 4: How many possibilities are there that can happen once Congress
send a bill to the President? – A.3 choices.
Câu 5: The Bill of Rights (Tuyên ngôn nhân quyền) ..
A. Guarantees citizens of the United Stated specific individual
rights and freedom.
Câu 6. Presidential elections are held every …
B. Four years.
 Câu 7: The American belief in self-reliance means that ….
C. People must take care of themselves and be independent, or risk
losing their personal freedom.
Câu 8: The president of the United States …
D. Can veto (phủ quyết) a law that has been passed by Congress (đã
được quốc hội thuông qua).
Câu 9: Americans see their material possessions as:
B. The natural reward for their hard work.
Câu 15: How many members are there in the House Representative? –
C. 435.
Câu 16: Americans do not want to have a strong national government
because:
C. They are afraid it will put limits on their individual freedom.
Câu 17. In reality, such American ideals as equality of opportunity
and self-relaince …
B. Are only partly carried out in real life, but are still important
because people believe in them.
AC. FILL IN THE BLANKS
Câu 18. In 1774, the British colonial settlers declared their independence
from England and established a new nation. (những người định cư thuộc địa
Anh tuyên bố độc lập khỏi Anh và thành lập một quốc gia mới).
Câu 19. Acculturation (đồng hóa) means the new immigrants would lose
their native languages and culture and become something different when
they came to the United States.
Câu 20. Americans believe that they have the right to individual freedom,
quality of opportunity, and the promise of material wealth.
Câu 21. The legislative or lawmaking branch of the government is called
the Legislature. (Cơ quan lập pháp).
Câu 22. One of the significant factors influencing American life is the
immense size the United States.
The two important factors are the following:
 ○The immense size of the United State.
○It has a great ethnic diversity.
Câu 11. Who wrote a play in which he used the term melting pot to
describe about the United States? – B. Israel Zangwill.
Câu 12. How many members are there in the Senate? A-100.
Câu 13. In American education system, what degree students may receive
for two years of study at a community college?
C. Associate degree.
Câu 14. In the presidential elections, blue states give the electoral votes to
…
A. The Democratic candidate (ứng cử viên Đảng Dân chủ).
Câu 15. How many members are there in the House of
Representatives? C. 435.
There are a total of 535 Members of Congress. 100 serve in the U.S.
Senate and 435 serve in the U.S. House of Representatives.
Có tổng số 535 thành viên của Quốc hội. 100 người phục vụ tại Thượng
viện Hoa Kỳ và 435 người phục vụ tại Hạ viện Hoa Kỳ.
Câu 23. James Madison is known as the father of the American
Constitution.
Câu 24: The early settlers came to the North American continent for
establish – the most basic of all the American values.
Câu 25: Multiculturalism (Chủ nghĩa đa hóa) is the principle that people
of different races, religions and political beliefs can live together peacefully
in the same society.
BRITISH CULTURE – BC-Multiple Choice
Câu 26. Which country does not make up the United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland?
D. England
Câu 27. Bird table – a raised platform on which birds can feed.
Câu 28. In passing, casual conversation, British people talk about the
weather because …
 E. They don’t like silence.
Câu 29. Which pronoun must an MP never use when speaking in
Parliament? – D. You.
Câu 30. How many members are there in the House of Commons? A. 435.
Câu 31. What is the name of the money given to the royal family to
perform their public duties? C. The Civil List.
Câu 32. Which of the following figures is not associated with Britain? C.
Uncle Sam.
Câu 33. Which of the four nations’ flags is not incorporated in the flag of
the UK?
B. Wales.
Câu 34. What is the capital city of the United Kingdom? – A. London.
Câu 35. Which of these is British royal residence?
C. Palace of Westminster
Câu 36. When somebody commits a crime in Britain, who or what, legally
speaking, have they committed a crime against?
B. The Crown
Câu 37. What is the name of the British national flag? D. Union Jack.
Câu 38. In the Commons, where do the leading members of the governing
party and the leading members of the main opposition party sit?
D. Opposition benches. (Băng ghế đối lập).
Câu 39. Which of these is not an acceptable short name for the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland? – D. England.
Câu 40. What is the name of the daily verbatim reports of everything
that has been said in the Commons? – D. Hansard.
Câu 41. What is the common internet domain address for Britain? –
B. .uk
Câu 42. What is the largest recognizable ethnic grouping in Britain?
A. South Asian
Câu 43. Which plant is the symbol of Wales? – D. Daffodil
 Câu 45. The traditional skirt of Scotland is kilt.
Câu 46. The traditional British people often have a large breakfast called
The try up.
Câu 47. The stereotyped image of the London “city gent” includes the
wearing of a bowler hat.
Câu 50. Members of Parliament in the United Kingdom are elected every
5 years.
LÀM THÊM CÁC CÂU HỎI TỰ LUẬN TRONG ĐỀ THAM KHẢO: