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Young 养育问卷中文简版的修订 *
【摘 要】 目的: 探讨简化后的 Young 养育问卷( Young Parenting Inventory - Short Form,YPI - SF) 在中国正常人群
中的信效度。方法: 经 YPI 版权所属机构授权,按照跨文化修订法对 YPI 进行修订,YPI 中文版包含 72 个条目,
17
个因子。采用方便取样入组 233 名成年健康人完成 YPI 中文版和 Young 图式问卷 - 简版( YSQ - SF) 。分析 YPI 内
部一致性,进行项目分析筛选和探索性因素分析,形成 Young 养育问卷中文简版( Young Parenting Inventory - Short
Form,YPI - SF) 。使用 YSQ - SF 作为效标,分析 YPI - SF 的校标效度。4 周后随机抽取 110 人再次施测 YPI - SF,
检验重测信度。结果: YPI - SF 由 45 个条目组成,共包括 17 个因子,累计贡献率 74. 1% 。YPI - SF 总量表的 Cron-
bach α 系数为 0. 86,分量表的 α 系数介于 0. 51 ~ 0. 85 之间,分量表与总量表的相关系数为 0. 17 ~ 0. 69。YPI - SF
总量表的重测信度是 0. 72,分量表的重测信度在 0. 40 ~ 0. 68 之间。YPI - SF 与 YSQ - SF 总量表的相关系数是
0. 51( P < 0. 05) ; 除 IS 分量表外( r = 0. 09,P > 0. 05) ,YPI - SF 所有分量表与 YSQ - SF 的相关系数介于 0. 15 ~ 0. 36
之间( P < 0. 05) 。结论: Young 养育问卷中文简版在正常人中具有较好的信效度,可用于筛查图式的来源。
【关键词】 Young 养育问卷; 信度; 效度; 正常人群; 图式
中图分类号: R395. 9,B841 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1005 - 1252( 2015) 03 - 0391 - 04
doi: 10. 13342 / j. cnki. cjhp. 2015. 03. 020
Reliability and Validity of the Young Parenting Inventory - Short Form in Chinese People
Yang Qingyan,Chen Nan,Zheng Junran,et al
Beijing Huilongguan Hospital,Beijing 100096,China
【Abstract】 Objective: To revise the Young Parenting Inventory( YPI) into Chinese short version and
examine its reliability and validity in Chinese people. Methods: The YPI was authorized to translate into
Chinese version,translation and back - translation,expert assessment were used to work out the Chinese
version of Young Parenting Inventory. Totally 233 adult healthy volunteers were selected by convenience
sampling and were assessed with the YPI and YSQ - SF,and these subjects were assessed to select items
and to perform the exploratory factor analysis to work out the formal YPI - SF. Criterion validity was as-
sessed by comparing with YSQ - SF. The retest reliability of YPI - SF was tested in 110 subjects 4 weeks
later. Results: Exploratory factor analysis revealed that YPI - SF was consisted of 17 factors explaining
74. 1% of the total variance. YPI - SF was finally decided to be consist of 45 items. Except one subscale,
both total scale and other subscales of YPI - SF were positively correlated with of YSQ - SF( r = 0. 15 ~
0. 36,P < 0. 05) . The Cronbach's α of YPI - SF total scale was 0. 86,and those for YPI - SF subscales
were 0. 51 ~ 0. 85. The test - retest reliability for total scale was 0. 72,and those for subscales were 0. 40
~ 0. 68. Conclusion: The Chinese version of Young Parenting Inventory - Short Form has good reliability
and validity in normal population,which can be used to screen people's early maladaptive schema.
【Key words】 Young parenting inventory; Reliability; Validity; Normal population; Schema
表1 YPI - SF 各条目的因子负荷
ED AB MA VH DI DS FA SB SS
条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷
2 0. 75 9 0. 74 10 0. 81 14 0. 82 20 0. 76 23 0. 84 27 0. 76 31 0. 80 33 0. 94
3 0. 77 8 0. 56 11 0. 77 15 0. 77 19 0. 73 22 0. 79 26 0. 70 32 0. 94
4 0. 74 13 0. 76 17 0. 57 18 0. 53 24 0. 70
1 0. 69 30 0. 57
5 0. 62 21 0. 45
29 0. 41
US ET IS EM NP EI PU AS
条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷 条目 负荷
43 0. 69 47 0. 76 48 0. 90 54 0. 80 59 0. 89 61 0. 78 66 0. 82 70 0. 78
42 0. 57 49 0. 90 53 0. 72 58 0. 85 65 0. 78 69 0. 73
41 0. 52 68 0. 48 71 0. 70
67 0. 41
注: ED,情绪剥夺; AB,遗弃 / 不稳定; MA,不信任 / 虐待; VH,脆弱 / 对伤害或疾病的易感性; DI,依赖 / 无能力; DS,缺陷 / 羞
耻; FA,失败; SB,屈从; SS,自我牺牲; US,苛刻标准 / 吹毛求疵; ET,权利 / 优越感; IS,缺乏自控 / 自律不足; EM,纠结 / 未发展的
自我; NP,消极 / 悲观; EI,情感压抑; PU,惩罚; AS,寻求称赞 / 认可,下同
Alexandra Sheffield,以 YPI 为基础,采用因素分 py for eating disorders: A pilot study[J]. Frontiers in Psychology,
2010,
1: 182-182
析法将载荷低的条目删除,最终发展出包含 37 个条
[6]Cognitive Therapy Center of New York. Young parenting inventory
目的 修 订 版 ( Young Parenting Inventory - Revised, [OL) . http: / / www. schematherapy. com /
YPI - R) ,并验证了该量表有较好的信效度[10]。 但 [7]张丽霞,冀成君,范宏振,等. Young 图式问卷( 简版) 中文版的信
该量表由 9 个分量表组成,比 YPI 的因子数少 6 个。 效度[J]. 中国心理卫生杂志, 26( 3) : 226-229
2012,
而本研究通过探索性因素分析最终保留 45 个条目, [8]Sheffield A,Waller G,Emanuelli F,et al. Links between parenting
and core beliefs: Preliminary psychometric validation of the young
17 个因子,该结果与 YPI 的因子数完全相符,提示
parenting inventory[J]. Cognitive Therapy and Research,2005,29:
YPI - SF 具有较好的结构效度。 这 17 个因子分别
787-802
为: ①情感剥夺 ( Emotional Deprivation,ED) ; ②不稳 [9]Leen Van Vlierberghe,Benedikte Timbremont,Caroline Braet,et al.
定 / 遗弃 ( Abandonment,AB) ; ③ 不信任 / 虐待 ( Mis- Parental schemas in youngsters referred for antisocial behaviour prob-
trust / Abuse,MA) ; ④ 对伤害或疾病的易感性 ( Vul- lems demonstrating depressive symptoms[J]. The Journal of Forensic
Psychiatry & Psychology, 18( 4) : 515-533
2007,
nerability to Harm & Illness,VH) ; ⑤ 依 赖 / 无 能 力
[10]Alexandra Sheffield,Glenn Waller,Francesca Emanuelli,et al. Is
( Dependence / Incompetence,DI) ; ⑥ 缺陷 / 羞耻 ( De-
comorbidity in the eating disorders related to perceptions of parenting
fectiveness / Shame,DS) ; ⑦ 失败 ( Failure,FA) ; ⑧ 屈 criterion validity of the revised Young Parenting Inventory[J]. Eating
从 / 压抑 ( Subjugation,SB) ; ⑨ 自我牺牲 ( Self Sacri- 2006,
Behaviors, 7: 37-45
fice,SS) ; ⑩苛刻标准 / 吹毛求疵 ( Unrelenting Stand- [11]木尼热. 胡赛因,李占江,熊红芳,等. 康复期抑郁症患者父母养
育方式与应对方式及影响因素[J]. 中国健康心理学杂志,
2014,
ards,US) ;
瑡权利 / 优越感 ( Entitlement,ET) ; 瑏
瑏 缺乏
瑢
22( 4) : 492-494
自控 / 自律不足 ( Insufficient Self - Control / Self - Dis-
[12]马玉红,李志榕,杨建华. 社交恐怖症患者父母养育方式与人格
cipline,IS) ; 瑏
纠 结 / 未 发 展 的 自 我 ( Enmeshment,
瑣 特征及心理防御机制的研究[J]. 中国健康心理学杂志,
2010,
18
EM) ; 瑤消极 / 悲观 ( Negativity / Pessimism,NP) ;
瑏 瑥情
瑏 ( 8) : 924-926
感压抑 ( Emotional Inhibition,EI) ; 瑏
惩罚 ( Punitive-
瑦 ( 收稿时间: 2014-09-22)
ness,PU) ;
瑧 寻 求 称 赞 / 认 可 ( Approval - Seeking /
瑏