Grade 8 – Fortitude and Wisdom

Polynomials
 Objectives:
At the end of the discussion, the students must be able to:

a. classify polynomials according to: degree and the number of terms;

b. identify polynomials;
c. factors completely polynomials with common monomial factor;
d. factor polynomials completely and accurately using the greatest common monomial
factor.
 Polynomials
A polynomial is an algebraic that represents a
sum of one or more terms containing whole
number exponents on the variables.

Examples:
2
1. 7𝑥𝑦 𝑧 3. 9𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 5
2. 5𝑥 + 3 4. 10𝑥 + 9𝑦 − 3𝑧
Tell whether each expression is a polynomial or
not.

2
a. 11𝑥 + 46𝑥 − 5
−1
b. 6𝑥 − 8𝑥 − 6
1 3
c. 𝑥 − 7.4𝑥 + 9
2
 Types of Polynomials
Monomial Binomial Trinomial
A monomial is a polynomial A binomial is a polynomial A trinomial is a polynomial
with just one term. with two terms. with three terms.

Examples: Examples:
Examples:
2𝑥 + 5 −8𝑎2 + 3𝑎 + 4
3𝑥
5𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 28𝑚4 − 3𝑚2 − 4𝑚
4𝑥𝑦

Procedure:
a. Look for plus or minus sign separating the terms.
b. Count the number of terms and name the expressions accordingly.
 Pictorial View
Monomial Binomial Trinomial
 Give the name for each polynomial and identify its terms and
coefficients.

a. 7x 2 y 3 c. 6x 3 − 7x + 5

Name: Monomial Name: Trinomial

Terms: 7𝑥 2 𝑦 3 Terms: 6𝑥 3 , −7𝑥, 5
Coefficient: 7 Coefficient: 6, -7, 5

b. x 2 − 4 d. x 2 + 8y 2 − x + y

Name: Binomial Name: Polynomial

Terms: 𝑥 2 , −4 Terms: 𝑥 2 , 8𝑦 2 , −𝑥, y
Coefficient: 1, -4 Coefficient: 1, 8, -1, 1
Lesson 1: Common
Monomial Factoring
 FACTORING POLYNOMIALS

Rewriting a polynomial as a product of polynomials of smaller degree is

called factoring a polynomial.

Examples:

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑥 + 2

4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 = 2𝑥 2𝑥 + 3

3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 = 3𝑥(𝑥 + 2)
Recall
You can apply the distributive property to simplify expressions. Thus,

3 4𝑥 + 5 = 3 4𝑥 + 3 5

= 12𝑥 + 15

The reverse process is called factoring.

POLYNOMIALS GCF (Greatest Common FACTORED FORM
Factor)

𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 𝑥 𝑥(𝑥 + 2)

4𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 2𝑥 2𝑥(2𝑥 + 3)

3𝑥 2 + 6𝑥 3𝑥 3𝑥(𝑥 + 2)

5𝑥 2 + 10𝑥 3 5𝑥 2 5𝑥 2 (1 + 2𝑥)

6𝑥 4 − 14𝑥 2 2𝑥 2 2𝑥 2 (3𝑥 2 − 7)
 Factoring and GCF
Factoring is finding two or more factors of a number or a
polynomial.

The Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of two or more

monomials is the common factor having the greatest
numerical factor and with variables having the least
degree. Thus, the term ax n is the GCF of a polynomial if:

1. 𝑎 is the greatest integer that divides each of the

coefficients of the polynomials; and

2. n is the smallest exponent of x in all terms of the

polynomial.
 Examples:
Find the greatest common factor of each pair of polynomials.

a. 6𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 18𝑎𝑏 6𝑎

b. 10𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 12𝑎2 𝑏 2𝑎

2 8𝑥𝑦
c. −8𝑥 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 16𝑥𝑦
Find the greatest common factor of each pair of
polynomials.

1. 12𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 36𝑎𝑏

2
2. 6𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 20𝑎 𝑏
 Examples:
Factor completely.

a. 3𝑥 + 6 3(𝑥 + 2)
2 3 3 3
b. 15𝑥 𝑦 − 33𝑥𝑦 3𝑥𝑦 (5𝑥 − 11)
c. 12𝑎2 𝑏 4 − 16𝑎3 𝑏 2 + 20𝑎5 𝑏 3
4𝑎2 𝑏 2 (3𝑏 2 − 4𝑎 + 5𝑎3 𝑏
Factor completely.

1. 5𝑥 + 10
2 3 3
2. 25𝑥 𝑦 − 55𝑥𝑦
Thank you!
Prepared by: Ms. Rachell C. Macaso