Touch Pile Design

GEM ENGSERV PVT. LTD.
CLIENT
TATA PROJECTS
PROJECT
Design of temporary structure for excavtion
SUBJECT
Design of touch pile wall
Document No. AAPCO/touchpile/01

Issue Revision Prepared By Checked By
0 For Approval SSN YP
Total pages - 1 + 9 Approved

Note No. Revision
GEM ENGSERV PVT. LTD. AAPCO/touchpile/01 R 0
Date Sheet
Project: Design of temporary structure for excavtion
11/22/2023
Prepared by Checked by
Subject: Design of touch pile wall
SSN YP
Assumptions
The following are the assumptions used for the design of the touch piles wall for soil retention
1 Density of saturated soil is considered to be 18 kN/m 3

2 Angle of Internal Friction of soil is considered to be 25°
3 The analysis of touch pile is done considering it as a cantilever sheet pile - Reference- Principles
of foundation engineering by Braja M . Das
4 Factor of safety of 1.5 is considerd in the estimation of passive earth pressure.
5 Ground water table is not considered in the analysis as per geotechnical report
GEM ENGSERV PVT. LTD. Note No. Revision
AAPCO/touchpile/01 R 0
Project: PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF DFCC MAJOR BR.NO. 88 Date Sheet
11/22/2023
Subject: Design of embankment retention scheme at Abutment A1 Prepared by Checked by
SSN YP
11/22/2023
SSN YP
Material Data & Properties
Unit Weight of RCC = 24 kN/m3

Steel = 78.5 kN/m3
Saturated soil = 18 kN/m3
Water = 10 kN/m3
Earth Pressure (As per IRS substructure code, cl. 5.7.1)
Angle of Internal Friction of soil = 25 degrees (Assumed conservatively )

Saturated density of soil = 18 kN/m3
Coefficient of active earth Pressure

Ka = cos2(f-a)
cos a cos(a+d)
2
1+ sin(f+d) sin(f-i) 2
cos(a+d) cos(a-i)
f = 25 °
a = 0 °
d = 1/3 f = 8.333
i = 0.0 °
Ka = 0.821
1.000 ( 1 + 0.484 )
= 0.38
Coefficient of passive earth Pressure

Kp = cos2(f+a)
cos a cos(a-d)
2
1- sin(f+d) sin(f+i) 2
cos(a-d) cos(a-i)
Kp = 0.821
0.989 ( 1 + 0.487 )
= 3.16
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LL & SIDL Surcharge (As per IRS substructure code, cl. 5.8.3)
The substructure shall be designed for the loads due to Earth Pressure & LL & SIDL Considering
45° dispersionthe dispersion zone.
Live Load Surcharge, S = 134 kN/m (As per IRS substructure code, Table 3)
Dead Load Surcharge (SIDL), V = 60 kN/m (Assumed conservatively )
Assumed length of pile = 6.918 m
As shown in the figure, B = 3 m

D = 2.075 m
h1 = 4.843 m
… IRS Substructure Code 5.8.3
Thus, P1, acting at h1/2 = 49.934 kN / per running m
Pa LL = P1/ h1 = 10.32 kN/m per meter

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Assumed depth of embedment = 3.608 m

Level
A 0
11.8 10.32 H 1.725
20.25 B 2.96
y
C
34.34 117.2 D
44.93 D 6.568
205.2
A Top of pile
B excavation level
C Point of zero shear
D Level of embedment
1 Calculating depth of embedment
Taking moments at point D
(0.5*44.93*6.568*0.33*6.568)+(10.32*(6.568- = (0.5*205.22*(6.568-2.96)^2*0.33
1.725)^2*0.5)
440.83 = 440.80 LHS = RHS
Required depth of embedment = 3.61 m
Provided depth of embedment = 5.40 m
2 Calculating point of zero shear (C)
Assume point of zero shear = 2.06 m
0.5*34.34*(2.96+2.06)+10.32*((2.96- = 0.5*117.17*2.06
1.725)+2.06)
120.2 = 120.7 LHS = RHS
Point of zero shear (c) is at distance 2.06 m (y) from line of excavation
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Maximum BM occurs at point of zero shear
BM at (c) = (0.5*34.34*(2.96+2.06)^2*0.33)+(10.32*((1.235) +2.06)^2*0.5) -

(0.5*117.17*2.06^2*0.33)
= 116.8 kN.m /m
BM for 300mm dia pile = 35.03 kN.m

Note No. Revision
Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
1 Introduction -
The note presents the design of touch pile wall to enable excavtion for the construction of pile cap of pier
no 8
General cross section of arrangement
Reference codes
1 IRS Substructure code

2 IS 456:2000 - Plain & reinfroced concrete code of practice
3 SP-16: Design aids for reinforced concrete
4 Geotechnical investigation report
Note No. Revision
Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
2 Material Data & Properties

Steel = 78.5 kN/m3
Water = 10 kN/m3
3 Loads on touch piles
3.1 Earth Pressure (As per IRS substructure code, cl. 5.7.1)


Ka = cos2(f-a)
cos2a cos(a+d) 1+ sin(f+d) sin(f-i) 2
cos(a+d) cos(a-i)
f = 25 °
a = 0 °
d = 1/3 f = 8.333
i = 0.0 °
Ka = 0.821
1.000 ( 1 + 0.484 )
= 0.38

Kp = cos2(f+a)
cos2a cos(a-d) 1- sin(f+d) sin(f+i) 2
cos(a-d) cos(a-i)
Kp = 0.821
0.989 ( 1 + 0.484 )
= 3.130
= 2.097 (Factor of safety of 1.5 is applied to passive pressure coefficient)

Note No. Revision
Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
3.2 LL & SIDL Surcharge (As per IRS substructure code, cl. 5.8.3)
The touch piles are designed for the loads due to Earth Pressure & LL & SIDL Considering 45°
dispersionthe dispersion zone.
Assumed length of pile = 8.583 m below ground

D = 2.075 m
h1 = 6.508 m


Note No. Revision
Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
4 Calculation of embedment depth (D) for touch pile
Note - All the calculations are per running meter

Level
A 0
1.725
10.32 H 1.725
1.235
B 2.96
C
5.273
56.32 D 8.233
The horizontal force due to lateral earth pressure & live load is converted into a single lateral load
such that the total magnitude of the force remains the same
Force due to active earth pressure = 231.84 kN

Force due to live load surcharge = 67.163 kN
Total resultant load = 299.0 kN acting on a height of 8.233 m
Modified active earth pressure = 299/(0.5*18*8.233*8.233)

coefficient for resultant load
Kam = 0.490 (used for further calculations)
2.96
Passive resistance
Resultant Load
5.272
72.64
Note No. Revision
Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
Net pressure distribution Diagram
= 26.11 kN/m2
= 0.903 m
= 137.8 kN/m2
= 50.44 kN
= 1.88 m
Equation no 1
Note No. Revision
Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
= 4.766
= 13.95
= 89.19
= 105.9
Putting above values in equation no 1 & solving for L 4 using trail & error
Try L4 = 4.369 m
0.001 = 0 LHS = RHS OK
D = L3 +L4 = 5.2719 m (Total depth of embedment)
= 126.4 kN/m2
= 264.2 kN/m2
= 1.867 m
= 1.155 m
Maximum bending moment
= 157.9 kN.m/m
Maximum Shear force = 113 kN/m

Note No. Revision
Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
5 Shear force & bending moment variation in pile
2.96
26.11
0.903
4.369 5.272
-93
1.155 0.855
-126 264.2
Shear Force (kN) Bending Moment (kN.m)

9.0
9.0
8.0
8.0
7.0
7.0
6.0
6.0
5.0
5.0
4.0
4.0
3.0
3.0
2.0
2.0
1.0
1.0
0.0
0.0 -40 -20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
-140 -120 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60
Note No. Revision
Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
6 Design of touch pile
Dia of touch pile = 300 mm

Grade of concrete = 35 MPa
Grade of reinforcement = 500 MPa
Clear cover = 25 mm
Maximum BM per running m = 157.91 kN.m/m

Maximum BM for 0.3m pile section = 47.37 kN.m
Design moment with Load factor of 1.5 = 71.06 kN.m
Referring chart no 60 of SP 16
Mu = 0.075
fck D 3
So, the % reinforcement required = 0.08 X 35 = 2.8 %
Area of reinforcement = 1979 mm2
Provide 10-16mm dia bars
Maximum Shear force per running m = 113 kN/m

Maximum SF for 0.3m pile section = 33.87 kN
Design SF with Load factor of 1.5 = 50.81 kN
Shear stress (τv) = 0.882 MPa
Referring to IS 456:2000, Table 20 & 19, Shear stress (τv) is less than (τc max) & design shear
strength (τc) for 2.8 % reinforcement
Hence no shear reinforcement is required, Therefore provide minimum shear reinforcement.

11/22/2023
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11/22/2023
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Material Data & Properties

Steel = 78.5 kN/m3
Water = 10 kN/m3
Earth Pressure (As per IRS substructure code, cl. 5.7.1)


Ka = cos2(f-a)
cos a cos(a+d)
2
1+ sin(f+d) sin(f-i) 2
cos(a+d) cos(a-i)
f = 25 °
a = 0 °
d = 1/3 f = 8.333
i = 0.0 °
Ka = 0.821
1.000 ( 1 + 0.484 )
= 0.38

Kp = cos2(f+a)
cos a cos(a-d)
2
1- sin(f+d) sin(f+i) 2
cos(a-d) cos(a-i)
Kp = 0.821
0.989 ( 1 + 0.484 )
= 2.097
11/22/2023
SSN YP
LL & SIDL Surcharge (As per IRS substructure code, cl. 5.8.3)
The substructure shall be designed for the loads due to Earth Pressure & LL & SIDL Considering
45° dispersionthe dispersion zone.
Assumed length of pile = 6.918 m

D = 2.075 m
h1 = 4.843 m

11/22/2023
SSN YP

Level
A 0
11.8 10.32 H 1.725
20.25 B 2.96
y
C
20.25 0 D
44.93 D 6.568
136.2
A Top of pile
B excavation level
C Point of zero shear
D Level of embedment
2.96
3.608
60.15 136.2
ka = 0.38
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= 20.25
= 0.655
= 132
= 36.6
= 1.632
= 4.27
= 9.472
= 53.52
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= 55.11
L4 = 3.613
-0.295 = 0
D = L3 +L4 = 4.2683 m
= 111.7
= 243.7
= 1.539
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L5 = 0.93
= 97.45
43.85
2.96
20.25
0.655
3.613 4.268
-82.94
0.93 0.694
-112 243.7
Shear Force (kN)

Shear Force (kN) 8
8
7
7
6
6
5
5
4
4
3
3
2
2
1 1
0 0
-100.00 -50.00 0.00 50.00 -20.00 0.00 20.00 40.00 60.00 80.00 100.00
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF DFCC MAJOR BR.NO. 88 Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
DESIGN OF CONNECTION - Horizontal Waler Vertical BU ISMB 600
A steel plate will be fitted to the wing wall using HILTI bolts. The horizontal waler will be welded
to that plate
Permissible Stresses
Using values from IRS Steel Bridge Code Table II,

Permissible Fillet Weld Strength (Field) = 86.29 N/mm2
… IS 816:1969 Cl. 7.2
Weld
Size of weld = 8.00 mm
Effective throat thickness t = 5.66 mm
Length of weld Lw = 500.00 mm
3
2
Forces acting on the weld -

Axial Force, PA = 229.18 kN
Shear Force, Dir 2 PS2 = 4.99 kN
Shear Force, Dir 3 PS3 = 34.97 kN
PS1 + PS3 39962.00

Shear Stress on Weld q = = = 7.1
t*2*L 5656.85
N/mm2
PA 229181.00
Axial Stress on Weld fa = = = 40.5
t*2*L 5656.85
N/mm2
Combined equivalent stress √(7.07^2 +

on Weld
fe = √(f a
2
+ 3q2) =
3*40.52^2)
= 42.3
N/mm2
… Hence Safe
The End Plate will be connected to the wing wall using HILTI HAS-E-5.8 M20X170/48 Bolts
alongwith HVU2 Mortar Capsule
Number of Bolts = 4
Diameter of Bolt = 20.00 mm
Recommended limit for axial force = 51.90 kN
Recommended limit for shear force = 35.00 kN
Total Axial Force on Each bolt = PA/n kN

= 57.30 kN > 51.90 kN
Not Safe
Total Axial Force on Each bolt = √(PS12+PS22) / n kN
PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF DFCC MAJOR BR.NO. 88 Date Sheet
11/22/2023
SSN YP
= 8.83 kN < 35.00 kN
… Hence Safe

Touch Pile Design

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GEM ENGSERV PVT. LTD.

Document No. AAPCO/touchpile/01

0 For Approval SSN YP

Total pages - 1 + 9 Approved

1 Density of saturated soil is considered to be 18 kN/m 3

Material Data & Properties

Unit Weight of RCC = 24 kN/m3

Earth Pressure (As per IRS substructure code, cl. 5.7.1)

Angle of Internal Friction of soil = 25 degrees (Assumed conservatively )

Coefficient of active earth Pressure

Coefficient of passive earth Pressure

Assumed length of pile = 6.918 m

As shown in the figure, B = 3 m

… IRS Substructure Code 5.8.3

Thus, P1, acting at h1/2 = 49.934 kN / per running m

Pa LL = P1/ h1 = 10.32 kN/m per meter

Assumed depth of embedment = 3.608 m

11.8 10.32 H 1.725

1 Calculating depth of embedment

Taking moments at point D

440.83 = 440.80 LHS = RHS

Required depth of embedment = 3.61 m

Provided depth of embedment = 5.40 m

2 Calculating point of zero shear (C)

Assume point of zero shear = 2.06 m

120.2 = 120.7 LHS = RHS

Maximum BM occurs at point of zero shear

BM at (c) = (0.5*34.34*(2.96+2.06)^2*0.33)+(10.32*((1.235) +2.06)^2*0.5) -

BM for 300mm dia pile = 35.03 kN.m

General cross section of arrangement

1 IRS Substructure code

2 Material Data & Properties

Unit Weight of RCC = 24 kN/m3

3 Loads on touch piles

Angle of Internal Friction of soil = 25 degrees (Assumed conservatively )

Coefficient of active earth Pressure

Coefficient of passive earth Pressure

= 2.097 (Factor of safety of 1.5 is applied to passive pressure coefficient)

Assumed length of pile = 8.583 m below ground

As shown in the figure, B = 3 m

… IRS Substructure Code 5.8.3

Pa LL = P1/ h1 = 10.32 kN/m per meter

4 Calculation of embedment depth (D) for touch pile

Assumed depth of embedment = 5.273 m

Note - All the calculations are per running meter

Force due to active earth pressure = 231.84 kN

Modified active earth pressure = 299/(0.5*18*8.233*8.233)

Net pressure distribution Diagram

0.001 = 0 LHS = RHS OK

D = L3 +L4 = 5.2719 m (Total depth of embedment)

Maximum bending moment

Maximum Shear force = 113 kN/m

5 Shear force & bending moment variation in pile

Shear Force (kN) Bending Moment (kN.m)

6 Design of touch pile

Dia of touch pile = 300 mm

Maximum BM per running m = 157.91 kN.m/m

Design moment with Load factor of 1.5 = 71.06 kN.m

So, the % reinforcement required = 0.08 X 35 = 2.8 %

Area of reinforcement = 1979 mm2

Provide 10-16mm dia bars

Maximum Shear force per running m = 113 kN/m

Design SF with Load factor of 1.5 = 50.81 kN

BM at (c) = (0.534.34(2.96+2.06)^20.33)+(10.32((1.235) +2.06)^2*0.5) -

Modified active earth pressure = 299/(0.5188.233*8.233)