INGLÉS IV (ACHIEVER 4) o

Achiever
4
Developing Language Competence
STUDENT’S EDITION
By Vika Sadzhaya
Listen to the audios for free at:

https://soundcloud.com/vortex-achiever/sets/achiever-4
SABES_GTO
sabes.gto
guanajuato.gob.mx
sabes.guanajuato
sabes.edu.mx
Achiever 4
Student's Book
Copyright:
© 2020 Vika Sadzhaya
Edition 2021
All rights reserved; no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system,
transmitted in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise,
without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Impreso en México/Printed in Mexico
Editorial Management: Gustavo Guzmán

Digital Development Director: David Campuzano
Publishing Coordination: Carlos A. García
ELT Senior Development Editor: Leticia Fernández, Dip. RSA
ELT Editor: Alan Vauhlosky García
Proofreading: Claire Smallwood
Interior Design: Gabriela Gil
Cover: Cruz Antonio Guevara
Images: Fotolia / 123rf / Shutterstock
Introduction
Introduction
Achiever is a four-level English series designed to assist students in the balanced development of
the four skills and is based on the competence approach to learning. It promotes the use of ICTs for
research, presentation preparation and delivery.
Achiever takes students from A1 to B1 levels according to the CEFR and the SNB standards.
Achiever has been developed to fully cover the SABES program. It supports the development of the
teaching and learning process according to the SNB objectives and the following functions
in particular:
SNB Teacher's General Competences
1. Organize their professional development throughout their career.

2. Master and structure their knowledge to facilitate meaningful learning experiences.
3. Plan the teaching and learning processes and place them in a wide range of disciplinary,
curricular and social contexts.
4. Put teaching and learning processes into practice in a creative and innovative way.
5. Evaluate the teaching and learning process with a formative approach.
6. Create environments for autonomous and collaborative learning.
7. Contribute to the creation of an environment that facilitates the healthy and integral development
of students.
8. Participate in projects that promote continuous improvement in school and support
institutional management.
Disciplinary teaching skills:
� Plan the educational course.

� Create and promote learning environments.
� Identify the learning styles and multiple intelligences of each student.
� Design materials and use effective teaching strategies.
� Foster and develop generic skills properly.
� Encourage the development of linguistic competences.
� Be able to handle computers and the Internet.
� Develop students' skills.
� Encourage positive attitudes and values.
� Develop emotional competences.
NOTE: The links provided in the lessons are optional. They are suggestions to further
practice the grammar or vocabulary. The SABES program will not be affected should you
decide to skip them.
3
Competences
Curricular Learning Unit General Purpose of the Curricular Learning Unit

Produces complex, structured and detailed oral and written
texts on abstract topics in order to exchange that information
English IV through the organization and articulation of social practices
of the language, in contexts of their specialization and diverse
cultures.
Curricular Guideline Formative Component
English Basic
Key Semester Weekly Sessions Total Sessions Credits
BA13636 6th 3 54 4
LEARNING UNIT CONTEXT
Previous Knowledge
The English IV Curricular Learning Unit is preceded by the English curricular learning units I, II and III. The
elaboration of Spanish texts that students learned in the Communication & Linguistics learning unit of the
first semester will also be of great help in writing texts in English. Another element students require is
the elaboration of documents through ICT, using Internet browsers and copying and inserting images and
information from the Internet.
Understands the relationships between local, national and international events, values and practices
interculturality, communicates fluently and naturally.
Generic Competence Attributes

1.1 Faces difficulties and is aware of his/her values, strengths and weaknesses.
4.1 Expresses ideas and concepts through linguistic, mathematical or graphic representations.
4.2 Applies different communication strategies according to his/her peers, the context in which
he/she is located and the objectives he/she is pursuing.
4.3 Identifies the key ideas in a text or oral speech and infers conclusions from them.
4.4 Communicates in a second language in everyday situations.
4.5 Uses information and communication technologies to obtain information and express ideas.
5.1 Follows instructions and procedures reflexively, understanding how each of his/her steps
contributes to the desired outcome.
7.1 Defines goals and tracks his/her knowledge construction process.
8.2 Provides views with openness and considers other people reflexively.
8.3 Assumes a constructive attitude consistent with the knowledge and skills he/she has within
different work teams.
10.3 Assumes that respecting differences is the principle of integration and coexistence in local,
national and international contexts.
4
Introduction
BLOCK 1 Have You Ever...?

Table of Contents
LESSON GRAMMAR VOCABULARY LISTENING READING WRITING SPEAKING
Block 1 Entrance p. 8-9
CLIL
Wealth
Homelessness It Is Rough!
Distribution
p. 10-11
Complete
L1 Talk about
the text.
p. 12-13 Present Perfect "Ronaldo Has "Ronaldo Has wealthness
Sports Answer the
What sports have Simple Never Given Up!" Never Given Up!" distribution in
questions.
you played? sports.
Write sentences.
Present Perfect
L2 Talk about and
Simple
p. 14-15 "Have you Lost Read the write a letter
Yes/No Life Experiences Make a flyer.
Have you traveled your Dog?" questions. about a poor
Questions
this year? place.
Short Answers
L3 Create a collage
Present Perfect
p. 16-17 "The Big Blue "Endangered Answer the and talk about
Simple Greenpeace
Have you ever March" Species" questions. endangered
ever/never
saved an animal? animals.
L4 Complete the
Present Perfect
p. 18-19 Job Interviews dialogues. Discuss the
Simple "Job Interviews" "Job Interviews"
How long have Time Expressions Complete the questions.
for/since
you worked? sentences.
L5 Interview your
Present Perfect Sports Answer the
p. 20-21 Medical classmates and
Simple Medical "Safe?" questions.
Have you ever Advances Article complete the
ever/never Advances Write a letter.
parasailed? table.
Write sentences
Present Perfect Talk about
L6 using the
Simple Life Experiences "Who has Read the shoplifting and
p. 22-23 prompts.
yet, already, Shoplifting ever…?" questions. solutions to this
Right or wrong? Complete the
just, ever, never problem.
sentences.
L7 Discuss the
Complete the
p. 24-25 Present Perfect answers to the
Jobs Read the sentences.
How long Simple "If Only…" questions.
Time Expressions questions. Answer the
have you for/since Role-play an
questions.
worked there? interview.
Say how long

L8 Answer the
Present Perfect you have done
p. 26-27 Jobs questions.
Simple "Job Interview" something for.
Has she been in Phrasal Verbs Write the
for/since Interview your
charge for long? definitions.
classmates.
Graphic Organizer p. 28
Evaluation Tools p. 29-31
5
BLOCK 2
Put Off or Put Away?
Table of Contents
CLIL
Different We are all
Migration
cultures different!
p. 34-35
L9
Present Perfect
p. 36-37 Environment "100 Ways to "Which One Write complete Debate the use
Continuous
Can we save Electric Cars Save the Planet" Would You Buy?" answers. of electric cars.
lately/recently
the planet?
L10 Write the

p. 38-39 Simple Future definitions. Discuss gender
Saving Strategies "Good Advice!" "Budgets"
Do you know how Future Perfect Complete the migration.
to save money? budget sheet.
Write a
L11
short story. Discuss reasons
p. 40-41 Connectors Nuclear Energy "Nuclear Energy"
Complete to migrate.
Furthermore…
the text.
L12 Answer the

"What Countries Talk about
p. 42-43 Read the questions.
Phrasal Verbs Ecology Are Eco- ecology and
How eco-friendly website articles. Complete the
friendly?" migration.
is your country? sentences.
L13
p. 44-45 Write tags for the
Holidays "I'm Doing It Ask and answer
You cook for Tag Questions "A Recipe" statements.
Recipes Right, Aren't I?" about holidays.
the holidays, Write a recipe.
don't you?
L14
Collocations Answer the
p. 46-47 Wedding "Who Doesn't Talk about
verb + "Customs and questions.
Are you looking Traditions and Dream of Getting customs and
preposition + Superstitions" Complete the
forward to Superstitions Married?" superstitions.
gerund questions.
getting married?
L15 Complete
Phrasal Verbs Talk about
p. 48-49 "To Accept or not "Interviews the table.
Idiomatic Job Offers migrants and
Will you take to Accept…" Matter" Rewrite the
Expressions jobs.
your chance? sentences.
Correlative
Conjunctions
Answer the
L16 both… and,
"Jobs and "Guess What My questions. Talk about
p. 50-51 either… or, Job Duties
Duties" Job Is!" Rewrite the job duties.
What is my job? neither… nor,
sentences.
not only…
but also
Evaluation Tools p. 53-55
6
Introduction
Have You Had a Lot of Experiences?

BLOCK 3
Table of Contents
CLIL
Women Who
Gender Equality Famous women
Made History
p. 58-59
L17 Discuss gender

Present Perfect
p. 60-61 "High School "High School Complete the equality and how it
vs Life Experiences
Have you really? Reunion" Reunion" sentences. affects or benefits
Simple Past
When? a country.
L18
Present Perfect Complete the Discuss men and
p. 62-63 "Cirque du
vs Cirque du Soleil sentences. women jobs in the
World Famous Soleil"
Simple Past Write an overview. circus.
Landmarks
L19 Complete
Prepare a debate
p. 64-65 Present Perfect "Astronomy the text. Correct
Calendars about gender
Have you ever vs Questions in Prehispanic the sentences.
Astronomy equality, rights and
observed the Simple Past Cultures" Answer the
opportunities.
night sky? questions.
Past Modals of
L20 Write about
Possibility "Celebrities Discuss gender
p. 66-67 celebrities.
might have, Celebrities "Paparazzi Talk" Versus in the show
Who might that Answer the
may have, Paparazzi" business.
have been? questions.
could have
L21 Talk about the

must have "At the Marriage Write sentences
p. 68-69 "I Must Have lyrics of a song
Deductions Problems Counselor's according to
What must have Been in Love" and deduce its
Probability Office" the prompts.
happened? meaning.
L22 Create a magazine

Write regrets
p. 70-71 should have Customs "I Shouldn't about gender
according to the
Should I have Regrets Traditions Have…" equality or
visual prompts.
brought flowers? inequality.
L23 Entertainment Talk about "men

-ed/-ing Complete the
p. 72-73 Feelings and "At the Circus" "At the Circus" only" and "women
Adjectives sentences.
Are you bored? Emotions only" jobs.
L24 Complete
Talk about
p. 74-75 the table. Rewrite
Phrasal Verbs Childhood "Growing Up!" "Growing Up!" your childhood
Where did you the sentences.
memories.
grow up? Write a letter.
L28
L25 L26 L27
Revision Lesson
Revision Lesson Revision Lesson Revision Lesson
p. 82-83
p. 76-77 p. 78-79 p. 80-81
What have you
What time do you wake up? What will happen next year? How did they celebrate?
never done?
Evaluation Tools p. 85-87 Grammar Reference p. 88-90 Irregular Verb List p. 91 Scripts p. 92-96
7
BLOCK1
Have You Ever...?
Linguistic Competences:
G4. Listens, interprets and delivers relevant messages in different contexts through the use of
appropriate media, codes and tools.
C4. Produces texts based on the normative use of the language, considering the intention and
communicative situation.
Competence: Identify the topic and the use of complex oral and written texts using the tools to find
details, edit and review the general idea. Identify the specific idea of complex oral texts.

Generic Competences: G4, G4.2, G8, G8.3
Disiplinary Competences: C4, C10
G1 Knows and values himself. Faces problems and challenges having specific objectives in mind.
G8 Participates and collaborates effectively in groups.
C10 Identifies and interprets the general idea and possible development of a spoken or written
message, using his/her previous knowledge, non-verbal clues and context.
C11 Communicates in the foreign language in spoken or written discourse and in accordance with
the communicative purpose and situation.
1.1
Faces difficulties and is aware of his/her values, strengths and weaknesses.
3.3 Cultivates interpersonal relationships that contribute to his/her and others'
human development.
4.5 Uses information and communication technologies to obtain information and express ideas.
8
B1
Can you…
• talk about actions that are still going on

or stopped recently, but that influence
the present?

• ask for and give information
about experiences?

• use phrasal verbs?

9
C L I L
Connect to
It Is
Wealth Distribution
Rough! Authentic
English
As part of Feed the World week, residents of communities all around the United Kindom are participating in a
nationwide campaign to feed the country's homeless. However, this is no ordinary glorified soup kitchen; the
meals being offered up to those living in the most extreme conditions on Britain's streets are exotic dishes
that hail from all four corners of the globe.
The idea first started in the Borough of Brixton in south London, and was the brainchild of community
worker Simon Smith. "I wanted to do something to help the growing number of homeless people on our
streets, but in a way that also reflected the diversity of nationalities that make up the community," said Simon.
"Brixton has such a lot to offer in the way of restaurants and food stalls that I decided it would be a great idea
to literally bring that concept to the streets. The idea caught on, and soon, people from all over the country
were sending me messages on the social networks saying what a great idea it was and asking how they could
also get involved."
From the seed of Simon's local idea, the national festival was born, with around a hundred different
communities across England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland taking to the streets during the coldest time of year,
to serve up some relief to those less fortunate.
Simon says he hopes that, based on the success and the public feedback, the initiative will be repeated
and become a regular festival in years to come. "I don't see any reason why it shouldn't happen. In any case,
regardless of whether the whole of the UK gets involved next year, too, we'll definitely be hitting the streets
in Brixton whenever we can to provide a little comfort to those who desperately need it."
In cities around the country, homelessness has increased visibly, with many more people on the streets.
The highest rates of rough sleeping are in Westminster, Bristol, Brighton and Hove. Manchester has the
fourth highest rate of street homelessness. People are visibly affected when they visit Manchester at the
moment, especially if they haven't been here for a few years. However, people will become desensitized to
the situation - so many people sleeping rough - and within a year it will just become a normal state of affairs
in most people's eyes.
The charity's report on homelessness earlier this year,
"Stop the Scandal," identified multiple reasons why rough
sleeping remains a stubborn problem, even though all
street homeless people should have access to a shelter.
A lack of specialist mental health provision was the main
issue raised: four out of ten people whom homelessness
workers came into contact with had at least one mental
health problem, yet 86% reported a lack of beds for
people with mental health issues. Causes include funding
cuts, services disappearing entirely, and rough sleepers
with both mental health problems and substance abuse
histories finding it nearly impossible to access services.
https://goo.gl/4KZMyJ
Accessed November 25, 2020
10
CLIL | It Is Rough!
Watch the video and discuss it with the class.

ICT How is wealth distributed in your country?
https://goo.gl/Lhrrke
Read and Complete

1. Residents of communities all around the United Kingdom are participating in a
.
2. "We can provide little comfort to ."

3. Manchester has the fourth highest rate of .
Team up
Form groups, discuss and share how would you help the homeless people in your country to have a
stable life?
Answer this questions.
1. Why do people of different communities feed the country's homeless?

2. Where did this idea start?

3. In which cities are the highest number of homeless?

4. Do all the homeless have access to a shelter?

5. Why do you think people don't go to shelters?

Group Work
Organize a gallery with posters related to the fair distribution of wealth in the world. Write a formal letter to your
school teachers inviting them to visit your gallery.
11
B1 Lesson1
https://www.excellentesl4u.com/esl-sport-vocabulary.html ICT
Get ready to… use the Present Perfect to express your and others' experiences and talk
about sports.
Time to start
What have they just done?
Listen on 1 Ronaldo Has Never Given Up!

Who is your favorite soccer player? What sport is your favorite? Listen to the track and complete the
text. Then listen again and answer the questions.
Christiano Ronaldo is only 28 years old and he the
best soccer player of the year twice.
Whichever club he has played for, it the most
important matches. Many times Christiano with
controversies regarding his transfer. He to stay in
Real Madrid. In several interviews he to the public
that he has no intention of leaving the club.
He's a very family oriented person and he
contributed to projects that have supported the building of sport centers for
underprivileged children.
Cristiano is an avid learner and takes interest in learning new things every
day. Among Christiano's biggest pet peeves are smoking and people who
don't make an effort to achieve their goals.
He many of his things to raise funds for charity
foundations. Christiano and he likes to say that
failure is never an option when he wants to win.
1. How many times has Christiano won the best player of the year?
2. What controversies has Christiano dealt with?
3. What club has he chosen to stay in?
4. What has he stressed to the public?
5. What projects has he contributed to?
6. What has he done to raise funds for charity foundations?
What can you remember about Christiano? Use these verbs to talk about him:
࡟࡟ win ࡟࡟ choose
࡟࡟ become ࡟࡟ stress
࡟࡟ play ࡟࡟ give up
࡟࡟ contribute
12
Lesson 1 | What sports have you played?
Grammar peek Present Perfect

How are these sentences different?
࡟࡟ I always speak to her.
࡟࡟ I've always spoken to her.
We can use the Present Perfect to talk about an action that happened at an unspecified time
before now.
I / You / We / They + have / have not + past participle
He / She / It + has / has not + past participle
Short answers:
– Have I / you / we / they arrived? – Yes, I / you / we / they have. – No, I / you / we / they haven't.
– Has he / she / it arrived? – Yes, he / she / it has. – No, he / she / it hasn't.
Word for word Sports

Match the words to their definitions. Write sentences of your own using them.
failure a. an institution devoted to financing research or charity
foundation b. a frequent subject of complaint
controversy c. lack of success
warm up d. characterized by enthusiasm and vigorous pursuit
pet peeve e. the expression of opposing views
avid f. a preparation activity or procedure

Team up
Ronaldo has trained hard for a match tonight. Based on the pictures, talk about what Ronaldo
has done.
Do you know how much money the goverment gives to the athletes in your contry for the olympic
Up eak
games? How many athletes go to a competition without the goverment money?

Sp
Search for the information and talk with your classmates.
Project Read the article on https://ezinearticles.com/?Practicing-Sports-in-Order-to-Gain-Real-

Health-Benefits&id=3321653 and answer the questions in pairs.
• What do sports help improve? • How should sports be played?
• What has science demonstrated? • What have many studies shown?
Nine nice night nurses nursing nicely.

13
B1 Lesson2
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/english-grammar-reference/present-perfect ICT
Get ready to… discuss events that have just been completed at the moment of speaking using Present
Perfect "Yes/No" questions and short answers.
Time to start
Have you been to the Anthropology Museum in Mexico City? Yes, I have.
Have you bought more items for your collection? No, I haven't.
Has your teacher played basketball for our team? Yes, he/she has.
Have you watched the latest X-Men movie? No, he/she hasn't.
Have you two been to the beach? Yes, we/they have.
Have you taken your pet to the vet? No, they haven't.
Has your pet gotten lost?
Grammar peek Present Perfect – short answers

The Present Perfect Simple is used to discuss events that have been completed a short time before
the moment of speaking.
Example: Have you done your homework? – Yes, I have. I've just finished.
It is often used to suggest that a past action still has an effect upon something happening in
the present.
Example: Your brother has changed everything around here. I really like it.
It is also used to discuss an unfinished activity.
Example: Have you cleaned the house? – No, I haven't.
You can also use the present perfect to discuss something from the past, but you don't want to or
can't say exactly when.
Example: How long have you studied English? – I've studied it for a couple of years now.
+ Statements – Statements Questions + Short answer – Short answer

I've worked. I haven't worked. Have I worked? Yes, I have. No, I haven't.
He's worked. He hasn't worked. Has he worked? Yes, he has. No, he hasn't.
She's worked. She hasn't worked. Has she worked? Yes, she has. No, she hasn't.
It's worked. It hasn't worked. Has it worked? Yes, it has. No, it hasn't.
You've worked. You haven't worked. Have you worked? Yes, you have. No, you haven't.
We've worked. We haven't worked. Have we worked? Yes, we have. No, we haven't.
They've worked. They haven't worked. Have they worked? Yes, they have. No, they haven't.
Writing practice
Write a true short answer to each question.
1. Have you tried fried crickets? – Yes, . – No, .
2. Have you surfed in the ocean? – Yes, . – No, .
3. Have you eaten raw fish? – Yes, . – No, .
4. Has your father traveled this year? – Yes, . – No, .
5. Have you tried the new pepperoni pizza? – Yes, . – No, .
6. Has your sister gone abroad? – Yes, . – No, .
7. Have we planned our trip really well? – Yes, . – No, .
8. Has Diana booked the hotel? – Yes, . – No, .
14
Lesson 2 | Have you traveled this year?
Listen on 2 Have you Lost your Dog?

Have you or your friend ever lost a pet? What have you or your friend done to find it? Talk about it it in
pairs. Find the photo of Morris below and describe Ellyn's dog.
I've just lost

my dog!
Make a flyer about a lost dog or cat. Bring it to class and have a conversation with a partner based on your
flyer. Ask your classmates if they know any people who have lost their pets and what they did to find them.
Word for word

Look at these words from the dialogue and use them to make sentences of your own.
paw collar reward telephone pole
Team up
Each team has to make a dialogue similar to the one from Track 2. In the dialogue, the teams have to
describe a lost cat or dog and use Present Perfect short answers.
Socioemocional Skill:
Up eak
Energy; Approaching daily life Choose a student in another group and write him/her a
Sp
with energy, excitement and letter about a place where people and pets struggle with
spontaneity.
money issues and how you can help.
Project Visit http://www.isabelperez.com/ccprojects.htm Select a topic of your interest and make a

web quest project.
So, this is the sushi chef.

15
B1 Lesson3
http://iteslj.org/questions/haveyou.html ICT
Get ready to… ask and share information about endangered animals. Use the Present Perfect with 'ever'
or 'never' to talk about experiences.
Listen on 3 The Big Blue March
1. H as David organized the Big Blue March before?

2. Have they planned it better this time?

3. Where has the march taken place?

4. Why have people taken to the streets?

5. What has the Dutch government decided to do?

Up eak
What march would you like to organize in your community? Tell your classmates about your ideas to protect
Sp
animals that live in your area.
Grammar peek Present Perfect with 'ever' and 'never'

We often use ever and never when talking about experiences.
Example: Have you ever organized it before?
No, we have never done it before.
Writing practice
Answer the questions. Use short answers.
1. Have you ever participated in a march?
2. Have you ever organized a march?
3. Have you ever been on a radio show?
4. Have you ever saved or hurt an animal?
16
Lesson 3 | Have you ever saved an animal?
Read and match Endangered Species

Match the pictures to the sentences and to the information below.
a b c d
Koalas have become an endangered species because many eucalyptus trees have been cut down.
Polar bears have become an endangered species because people have hunted them.
Tigers have become an endangered species because humans have developed lands for farming
and logging.
African elephants have become an endangered species because some countries have killed a
predetermined number of elephants to keep herds manageable and minimize conflicts between
humans and elephants.
Check it out!
Some nouns have an identical form for singular and plural (both end with s):
crossroads, barracks, TV series, headquarters
Example: There is one species of humans, but many species of cats.
The government The governments

Greenpeace has African governments
of Australia of many countries
provided economic have created strict laws
has prohibited the have banned hunting
incentives to encourage to protect elephants
cutting down of from aircraft and
conservation. from poachers.
eucalyptus trees. power boats.
Read and answer

Answer the questions.
1. W hat organization has provided economic support to encourage conservation?

2. Why have Koalas become an endangered species?

3. Why have some countries killed elephants?

4. What has the government of Australia prohibited?

Up eak
Gather in groups and make a collage about 5 endangered animals and tell your classmates
Sp
why your group chose them.
Find out more about saving our planet on:

ICT https://www.britannica.com/science/ecology
Choose a topic you like and prepare a presentation for your group.
Four fine fresh fish for you.

17
B1 Lesson4
http://iteslj.org/questions/howlong.html ICT
Get ready to… ask and give information about education and job experience. Practice job interviews
using the Present Perfect tense.
Grammar peek Present Perfect with "for", "since"

For is used for a period of time.
Example: I have worked here for many years.
Since is used for the specific moment something started.
Example: I haven't seen you since Monday.
To ask questions about actions that started in the past and last until the present we use how long.
Example: How long have you studied today?
Complete the table with these words and phrases.
࡟࡟ last summer ࡟࡟ 2004 ࡟࡟ yesterday ࡟࡟ last year
࡟࡟ a year ࡟࡟ three months ࡟࡟ ten years ࡟࡟ five minutes
FOR SINCE
Listen on 4 Job Interviews

Complete the dialogues. Practice the dialogues in pairs.
Diana: Good afternoon. I'm Diana Oliva. Jim: I appreciate your meeting with me.
Interviewer: How do you do, Diana? Nice to meet Interviewer: You're welcome.
you. Let's begin, shall we? you already seen our facility?
Diana: Of course. Jim: Yes, I have. And I've
Interviewer: Where you the company for about 2 months.
studied graphic design? Interviewer: That's impressive.
Diana: I've in Phelps have you looked for a new job?
Technology School. Jim: last year. I've tried
Interviewer: Here it says you to find something interesting and
in STM International. well-paid.
have you worked there? Interviewer: I hope you know that we don't put
Diana: about three and a new employees on the payroll for the
half years. first 6 months.
Interviewer: Have you Jim: I'm aware of that.
anywhere else Interviewer: you considered
you graduated? all the pros and cons of accepting
this job?
Diana: No, I had
enough job experience to look for Jim: the moment
a better position. I sent my résumé, I've decided to
Interviewer: That's all right. I understand. do my best to get a position within
Diana: It's very nice of you to say that. 1 this company. 2
Word for word Check it out!

What do these words and phrases mean? Find Employer - a person who hires
their definitions in the dictionary. Employee - a person who works for an employer
࡟࡟ job experience ࡟࡟ payroll
࡟࡟ aware of ࡟࡟ pros and cons
࡟࡟ hire
18
Lesson 4 | How long have you worked?
Writing practice
Complete the sentences. Use the new words.
1. She's not his lies.
2. I have ten years .
3. Don't him! He's so unprofessional.
4. The decision you've made has .
5. We can't pay you because you're not on the list.
Listen and circle

Listen to the interviews again and circle the correct names for the sentences.
1. The person that has looked for a new job since last year. Diana Jim
2. The person that hasn't had enough job experience. Diana Jim
3. The person that has worked in a company for three and a half years. Diana Jim
4. The person that has decided to do the best to get the job. Diana Jim
5. The person that has done research about the company. Diana Jim
Look and complete

Complete the sentences using the Present Perfect in affirmative or negative according to the pictures.
Crossed pictures represent negative statements.
1 2 3 4 5 6
make a call sign have a apply for a sign for a quit his job
documents meeting with new job package
co-workers
1. She 4. She
2. I 5. She
3. He 6. He
Writing practice
Complete the sentences to make them true for you.
࡟࡟ I have never .
࡟࡟ I have just .
࡟࡟ I've already .
࡟࡟ I haven't yet.
࡟࡟ I have for .
Read the job interviews again.

Up eak
• Who would you hire? Why? • Are they treated equally in job interviews?
Sp
• Do you think men and women have equal rights and • Have you had any experience related to this topic
opportunities in the job market? that you can share?
ICT Visit http://a4esl.org/q/h/9704/bd-for-since.html and practice for / since with the

Present Perfect. Share your results with the group.
Wayne went to wales to watch walruses.

19
B1 Lesson5
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1120932/ ICT
Get ready to… use the Present Perfect and talk about sports.
Time to start
What are they doing?
Read the article to find about recent medical
advances in the treatment of sports injuries.
Arthroscopic surgery has been one of the recent

medical advances that allows doctors to treat an
injury more quickly resulting in less trauma, swelling
and scar tissue. A new technique called tissue
engineering has been used to treat sports injuries.
It addresses a problem by transplanting healthy
cartilage from one area of the body to another.
Scientists in the UK have made a stem cell
breakthrough. Cartilage cells have been grown from
embryonic stem cells. Replacing cartilage can delay
the need for joint replacements in some patients
and it has resulted in a higher degree of success,
due to a significant reduction of the recovery period.
Listen on 5 Safe?
Listen to the local news and correct the sentences below.
1. P arasailing is done in the northern states of our country.

2. The Coastguard Agency has allowed Mike to practice parasailing.

3. Mike Kinsley is five years old.

4. Mike has parasailed thirty times.

5. Mr. Kinsley hasn't asked for any support.

6. Mr. Kinsley might have to sell his boat.

7. The Coastguard Agency sent a letter to Mike Kinsley two weeks ago.

Pairwork Pairwork
Work in pairs and discuss. Why are these verb Listen to Track 5 again and answer the questions.
forms used in the news? 1. How old is Mike?
࡟࡟ has parasailed 2. How many times has he parasailed alone?
࡟࡟ has banned 3. Who has Jake Kinsley asked for support?
࡟࡟ sent 4. Who sent the letter?
࡟࡟ has asked 5. Who received the letter?
20
Lesson 5 | Have you ever parasailed?
Grammar peek Present Perfect with "ever" and "never"

We can use the Present Perfect with "ever" and "never" to ask about experiences. Underline all the
Present Perfect sentences in the article about recent medical advances.
Example: – Have you ever ridden a horse? – No, I haven't.
Discuss these questions in small groups.

• Do you think Mike should be allowed to parasail alone?
Up eak
• Why do you think the coastguard agency wants to ban it?
Sp
!
• Why does Mr. Kinsley allow his son to parasail alone?
• Do you think the local child protection agency will support Mr. Kinsley?
Writing practice
In your notebook, write what you think about the news from Track 5. Choose the beginning of one
sentence and complete it with your own ideas. I think that Mike should be allowed to parasail alone
because… I don't think that Mike should be allowed to parasail alone because…
Word for word
Match the words with their definitions and write sentences of your own using them.
to ban a. a government office
agency b. telling somebody about something bad that may happen
warning c. money you have to pay when you have done something wrong
fine d. to say that something must stop or must not happen
Team up
Look at the photos and write what James has or has never done. The photos marked with the check
mark represent affirmative statements. Then answer the questions.
ride a horse sail a boat climb a mountain race a go-kart write a book
1. Has James sailed a boat?
2. Has he written a book?
3. Has he ridden a horse?
4. Has he raced a go-kart?
5. Has he climbed a mountain?
has done it has never done it
Interview your classmates and complete the table. STUDENT 1

Up eak
After completing the table talk and compare why STUDENT 2

Sp
some have done things that others haven't. STUDENT 3

STUDENT 4
Project Visit http://www.quibblo.com/quiz/8Y5yeJV/HAVE-YOU-EVER and take the "Have you

ever…?" quiz in pairs or small groups. Discuss your and your classmate's answers. Find five things
none of your classmates has ever done. Find out how many classmates have done similar things.
Six sticky skeletons (x3).

21
B1 Lesson6
https://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/simpas-preper ICT
Get ready to… use the Simple Past and Present Perfect with signal words like "yet", "already", "just",
"ever", and "never".
Time to start
Say what these people have or have never (crossed pictures) done according to the photos.
Listen on 6 Who has ever...?

Have you ever seen someone shoplifting? When? Where? What did you do?
1. Have you ever ?
2. I have never .
3. I've just .
4. I haven't played .
Check it out!
Shoplift - to steal merchandise from a store that is open for business
Grammar peek Present Perfect with "yet", "already", "just", "ever", and "never"
We use the Present Perfect with ever and never to talk about different experiences that have or
haven't happened to us. Ever and never go before the past participle.
Example: - Have you ever been abroad? – No, I haven't. I have never been abroad.
Already means that something happened earlier than we expected. With the Present Perfect, already
usually goes after have or has and before the main verb.
Example: I've already done my homework.
Yet means that something we expected to happen hasn't happened. We usually put it at the end of
a sentence.
Example: - Have you done it yet? – I haven't done it yet.
We use just with the Present Perfect Simple to indicate that something happened a moment ago.
Example: We've just called your parents. They will be here in an hour.
Word for word

Synonyms for shoplifting
࡟࡟ stealing ࡟࡟ committing theft
࡟࡟ nicking (U.K.) ࡟࡟ snitching (U.K.)
࡟࡟ swiping (informal) ࡟࡟ five-finger discount (U.S.)
22
Lesson 6 | Right or wrong?
Pairwork
Use the prompts to write a dialogue in pairs.
A: see / the Eiffel Tower? B:
B: A: skydive
A: ride / a horse? B:
B: A: play / in a rock band?
A: be / another country? B:
B: A: eat / seafood?
A: climb / a mountain? B:
B: A: sing / a song in English?
A: meet / a celebrity? B:
Team up
In teams, have a quick vote on who thinks it's ever right (under certain circumstances, such as
disaster or extreme hunger), or always wrong to shoplift. Ask your teammates the questions:
࡟࡟ Do you think it's right or wrong to shoplift? Why / why not?
࡟࡟ Is stealing from local shops the same as stealing from supermarkets? Why / why not?
࡟࡟ Do you know anyone who's ever gotten caught shoplifting? Did you feel sorry for them?
Students in each team have to express their opinion and prove their point.
Check it out!
Present Perfect vs. Simple Past
The Simple Past is used to express a finished past action which occurs at a specific moment in the past. The
Present Perfect is used to express something that happened at an unspecified moment in the past.
How would you prevent shoplifting in your community? Write five solutions for this problem and share them
Up eak
Sp
with others, then analyze which can be the best.
!
Writing practice
Complete with "ever" or "never". Read the sentences aloud.
1. Have you driven a truck?
2. I have seen him before.
3. He is the most handsome man I've seen.
4. If you have practiced yoga, you should definitely try.
5. Has he traveled by plane? He looks scared.
Project Write the answers to the following questions and read them aloud. Do you know anybody who has
shoplifted? Why do you think some people shoplift?
ICT Visit https://www.englishpage.com/verbpage/presentperfect.html

Select some activities on the Present Perfect with ever, for and since.
Which witch is which? (x3).

23
B1 Lesson7
http://www.englisch-hilfen.de/en/words/jobs.htm ICT
Get ready to… practice job interviews and use the Present Perfect with "for" and "since".
Time to start
What has Malika done since this morning?
Grammar peek Present Perfect with "for" and "since"

Read these sentences aloud and say which one is correct.
࡟࡟ She hasn't smoked since three years.
࡟࡟ She hasn't smoked for three years.
We can use 'for' with the Present Perfect when we talk about a period of time an action has lasted.
Example: I have worked in this company for ten years.
We can use 'since' with the Present Perfect when we talk about a specific moment an action started.
Example: He hasn't worked here since August.
Writing practice
Complete the table correctly.
SINCE FOR
࡟࡟ six years ࡟࡟ 1997 ࡟࡟ five minutes ࡟࡟ a long time ࡟࡟ last night

࡟࡟ last Sunday ࡟࡟ a year ࡟࡟ this morning ࡟࡟ an hour ࡟࡟ 2008
Word for word Check it out!

Find the definitions for these words and phrases
in the dictionary and complete the sentences. employment employer
࡟࡟ hire ࡟࡟ pros and cons
࡟࡟ aware of ࡟࡟ payroll employ
1. I don't think Mr. Rick will
Martha. She doesn't have any job experience. employee unemployed
2. Your decision has its .
Have you thought it through? He's an employer.
3. We can't pay you unless you're on a He employs people.
. There are 40 employees in his company.
Kim doesn't work.
4. Sandra isn't the situation She's unemployed.
our company is currently facing.
24
Lesson 7 | How long have you worked there?
Listen on 7 If Only…
Listen to the first job interview and cirlce True or False for the statements below.
1. Caroline hasn't seen the new facilities yet. True False
2. She has done research about the company. True False
3. Caroline has been unemployed for a year. True False
4. It has been easy for her to find a job. True False
5. Caroline graduated two years ago. True False
6. The company doesn't include a new employee in the payroll the first three months. True False
7. Caroline hasn't made up her mind about working in the company. True False
Listen to the second job interview and answer the questions.

1. W hy didn't Christian arrive on time?

2. Where has Christian studied graphic design?

3. How long has Christian studied graphic design?

4. Where has he worked for two years?

5. Has Christian worked in another company since 2007?

Listen to both job interviews again and role-play them in pairs.
Team up
Listen to your teacher's instructions.
Sam - quit Nina - receive Lola - make Fred - apply Dan - have Rose - sign
his job a package a phone call for a new job a business the contract
meeting
Responsibility: Able to honour
commitments, and be punctual Visit https://www.thebalancecareers.com/top-interview-
Up eak
and reliable. questions-and-best-answers-2061225, read and then

Sp
practice job interviews in pair or groups.

August 20, 2020
Project Discuss and write the answers to the questions.

• What do you think is more important in an interview?
• What is the most important skill to keep a job?
• Is it important to have a résumé?
• Do you think it's important to know where you want to work?
Snap crackle pop (x3).

25
B1 Lesson8
http://www.englishteachermelanie.com/grammar-present-perfect-how-long-have-you/ ICT
Get ready to… use the Present Perfect with "since" and "for" to describe how long you have
done something.
Time to start
What have you done…
࡟࡟ since last Monday? ࡟࡟ for an hour?
࡟࡟ for a long time? ࡟࡟ since last winter?
࡟࡟ since 2005? ࡟࡟ for many years?
࡟࡟ for two years? ࡟࡟ since 1999?
Listen on 8 Job Interview

Listen to the job interview. Answer the questions below.
1. H ow long has Catherine worked in the DKL International?

2. How long has Catherine been in charge of financial administration?

3. What has Catherine done since last year?

4. What has Mr. Saiatzu put off since providers demanded refunds?

5. What hasn't Catherine put up with for the last two years?

Word for word Phrasal verbs

Find definitions for these phrasal verbs and write sentences of your own using them.
࡟࡟ think something over =

࡟࡟ put forward =
࡟࡟ carry out =
࡟࡟ turn something down =
࡟࡟ team up =
࡟࡟ put something off =
࡟࡟ give up =
࡟࡟ put up with =
26
Lesson 8 | Has she been in charge for long?
Grammar peek Present Perfect Simple with 'for' and 'since'

We often use for and since with the Present Perfect Simple tense. We use for to talk about a period
of time - 10 minutes, 2 weeks, 5 years. We use since to talk about a moment in the past - 7 o'clock,
1995, Tuesday.
Complete the table with the time expressions.
Examples:
I've known her for five years.
I've studied English since 2013.
࡟࡟ three hours ࡟࡟ January ࡟࡟ three days
࡟࡟ last weekend ࡟࡟ 20 minutes ࡟࡟ morning
࡟࡟ a long time ࡟࡟ I left school
FOR SINCE
Pairwork
Act out a job interview with a partner. Complete and use these questions and answers.
A: How long have you ?
B: Since .
A: How long have you ?
B: For .
Team up
The teams have to write sentences using the Present Perfect with "for" or "since" according to the
pictures. The team that writes the fastest and the most correct sentences wins.
2001 last year 2 years Monday five years a long time
Interview your classmate/classmates to find out:

Up eak
• how long they have studied English • how long he/she has played a musical instrument
Sp
• how long they have practiced sports • how long they have planned their vacations
Project Write a letter to your pen pal and tell him/her about all the things you have done since childhood.
ICT Visit https://www.usingenglish.com/quizzes/#Phrasal-Verbs Look for practice on Phrasal Verbs.
Flash message (x3).

27
Graphic Organizer
Use a graphic organizer to summarize what you learned in this block in terms of culture,
vocabulary and grammar.
28
Week/Month BLOCK 1 | Have You Ever...?
Attitude
CRITERIA
5 4 3 2 POINTS
Student
Student
regularly Attendance is
Student always attends
attends class poor and/or
always class but is
Attendance but is late student is late
attends class late once
more than more than
on time. every two
once every once a week.
weeks.
two weeks.
Student is
Student is
proactive and
proactive and
contributes Student rarely Student never
contributes
to class with contributes contributes
Engagement/ to class with
ideas and to class with to class with
Participation ideas and
questions ideas and ideas and
questions
more questions. questions.
once
than once
per class.
per class.
Student Student Student

Student rarely
almost never occasionally almost always
engages in
engages in engages in engages in
Behavior disruptive
disruptive disruptive disruptive
behavior
behavior behavior behavior
during class.
during class. during class. during class.
Student is Student Student Student is

almost always is usually is rarely almost never
prepared with prepared with prepared with prepared with
Preparation
assignments assignments assignments assignments
and class and class and class and class
materials. materials. materials. materials.
Student stands
up straight, Student stands
looks relaxed up straight and Student Student
and confident. establishes sometimes slouches and/
Establishes eye contact stands up or does not
Presentations
eye contact with everyone straight and look at people
with everyone in the room establishes during the
in the room during the eye contact. presentation.
during the presentation.
presentation.
TOTAL:
29
Week/Month
Language Competence Rubric

CRITERIA
5 4 3 2 POINTS
Student's Student's Student's

pronunciation is pronunciation is pronunciation Student's
Speaking -
understandable, understandable, makes pronunciation is
Pronunciation with none or with some understanding incomprehensible.
very few errors. errors. difficult.
Student uses
Student needs
Student conveys Student uses limited and
to use more
Speaking - the intended precise words/ simplistic
precise and
Use of message in an phrases to get
accurate words
vocabulary;
vocabulary interesting and the message words may
to create a clear
precise way. across. be used
message.
inappropriately.
Student is able Student takes Student is
Student is able
to communicate, a long time to unable to
to communicate,
Speaking - ask and/ communicate, communicate,
ask and answer
Fluency questions with
or answer ask and/ and ask and/
questions with or answer or answer
no difficulty.
little difficulty. questions. questions.
Student has
Student uses
little or no
a limited range
Student control of basic
Student has of grammatical
demonstrates grammatical
some grammar structures
Speaking - mastery of structures or
errors, but they correctly;
Accuracy almost all
rarely impede frequent errors
verb tenses;
grammatical student depends
communication. can sometimes
structures. on guidance
impede
to express
communication.
meaning.
Student is
Student fully Student Student has little
unable to
understands understands comprehension
Comprehension what is said or most of what is of what is said
understand
what is said
read. said or read. or read.
or read.
Student uses
Student needs
to use more
the intended precise words/ simplistic
Writing - Use precise and
message in an phrases to get vocabulary;
of vocabulary interesting and the message
accurate words
words may
to create a clear
message.
inappropriately.
Student uses
Student shows Student uses
grade-level Student has
creativity grade-level
appropriate limited use and
and flexibility appropriate
Writing conventions; understanding
when using conventions;
Conventions conventions minor errors
errors of grade-level
occasionally appropriate
to enhance do not obscure
obscure conventions.
meaning. meaning.
meaning.
TOTAL:
30
Week/Month BLOCK 1 | Have You Ever...?
Peer Evaluation – Cooperation

Read each of the statements carefully and write the numbers according to your perception of your
partners' performance. Use the following number code:
Always Almost always Sometimes Rarely Never

5 4 3 2 1
1 2 3 Me
Is willing to help his/her peers.
Is respectful towards his/her peers.
Carries out the assignments within the group.
Brings the necessary materials when working in groups.
Participates actively in group activities.
Copies the work of other members of the group.
Co-Evaluation – Learning
Name: Date:
Signature of evaluator:
DIMENSIONS E VG G A NI
Knowing
Mastery of contents (grammar & vocabulary)
Level of input (listening, reading) interpretation
Doing
Execution of procedures (tasks)
Application of concepts (grammar & vocabulary)
Being
Participation
Integration
Attitude towards study
Learning effort
E = Excellent VG = Very Good G = Good A = Average NI = Needs Improvement

31
BLOCK2
G1. Knows and values himself, approaches problems and challenges taking into account the
objectives he pursues.
C11. Communicates in a foreign language through logical, oral or written speech, consistent with the
communicative situation.t.
Competence: Emits and grounds its knowledge and opinion in formal articles that will serve as
support when carrying out a debate on the gender perspective, that includes its
knowledge obtained through research and its opinion on the matter

Generic Competences: G1,G4 4.4
Disiplinary Competences: C4, C6, C11
G4 Listens to, interprets and gives messages that are relevant to the context, selecting the
appropriate medium and code.
G7 Has initiative and interest to learn throughout his life.
C4 Produces texts using the appropriate forms of the language, in accordance with his/her
communicative purpose.
1.1 aces difficulties and is aware of his/her values, strengths and weaknesses.
F
human development.
4.5 Uses information and communications technologies to obtain information and express ideas.
8.2 Provides views with openness and considers other people reflexively.
32
B3
Can you…
• talk about something that started in the

past and continues in the present?

• use connecting words?

• confirm your ideas using Tag Questions?

• use idiomatic expressions?

33
B2
CL I L Connect to
Migration
We are all
Different! Authentic
English
Cultural differences can sometimes make relationships 1. Learn to recognize

difficult. Sometimes a person speaks in a different way physical cues: All
(or another language altogether) or has very different cultures have their
ideas and morals. own gestures. Often
Here are some tips to avoid problems. when people visit
other countries, they
1. It’s relative!
get lost and don’t
Some things are relative to a language or a culture. It’s see subtle cultural
important to understand that people from other cultures cues. Sometimes this
sometimes have very different values, but that doesn’t causes confusion. So,
mean they are wrong. pay attention to body
2. Personal space! language and gestures
Different cultures have different ideas about what and learn to understand
personal space is public (in which other people can stand them.
and talk with you) and private (only for people close to 2. Know relationship differences:
you). For example: Arabs do not have the concept of Many foreigners think relationships between people in
“personal space” that Americans have. It is considered the USA are superficial.
offensive to step or lean away while talking to an Arab!
Make sure you create enough distance between others In the same way, people from the USA sometimes think
when you talk. If you’re not sure, you can always ask the relationships in other cultures are very sentimental. So,
others what they would like. if you think a person is very loud or very shy, it may be
considered normal in his culture.
3. Respect beliefs!
Remember, many people believe passionately in their 3. Learn about their culture: Learn about the greetings,
religions, and what you think is unreal, may be their the goodbye rituals, the before-meal ceremonies, the
constant truth. If you have problems with this, it is food, the clothes. If you like some, why not try them! This
probably better to avoid the topic of religion. will help you understand people from other cultures.
4. Accept problems in communication: Sometimes there
are problems when trying to communicate with people
from other cultures. When this happens, use a little
humour and try not to get defensive.
5. Ask: There is nothing better for effective communication.
If you think something is funny or inappropriate, if you
feel the other person is not paying attention to you or is
offended, just ask him or her if there is a problem. Don’t
keep it to yourself!
https://www.wikihow.com/Communicate-Well-With-People-
from-Other-Cultures
Accessed December 2, 2020
34
CLIL | We are all Different!
ICT Visit https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-culture.html
Team up
Choose the correct answer.
1. This text is probably from: 3. How formal or informal is this text? Mark with a X.
A. a dictionary Very formal
B. a magazine about travel Not very formal
C. a book 4. Which of these topics does NOT appear in the text?
2. The purpose of the text is: A. Meals / eating habits
A. to give information B. body language
B. to criticize different cultures C. education
C. to give advice
Discuss the questions.
1. Do you think other cultures have something special?
2. Why do you think people migrate? Can you mention a few reasons?
3. What would you do to preserve other people's cultures?
4. 4. Do you think all migrants are happy to be in a new place?
Write your answers below.
35
B2 Lesson9
http://www.realsimple.com/home-organizing/green-living/planet-friendly-tips ICT
Get ready to… use the Present Perfect Continuous to talk about ways to protect the planet. Discuss
pros and cons of using electric cars and ways to save the planet.
Listen on 9 100 Ways to Save the Planet

If you had the chance to drive any vehicle, which one would you choose: fuel efficient, electric, hybrid
or any other?
Circle True or False for the statements.

1. Geoffrey has been traveling more by car since pollution became so bad. True False
2. He has been shopping online. True False
3. He and his wife have been combining several small trips in one. True False
Grammar peek Present Perfect Continuous

The Present Perfect Continuous is used to show that something started in the past and continues in
the present. You can also use the Present Perfect Continuous WITHOUT a time expression, such as
for three weeks. Without it, the tense has a more general meaning of lately. We often use the words
lately or recently to emphasize this meaning.
Example: They have been promoting electric cars lately.
Write sentences of your own using the Present Perfect Continuous.
Pairwork
Write complete answers for these questions.
1. H ow long have you been using your vehicle?

2. Have you been spending a lot on gasoline lately?

3. How long have you been using public transportation?

4. How long have you been hearing about electric cars?

36
Lesson 9 | Can we save the planet?
Read on Which One Would You Buy?

Find sentences where the Present Perfect Continuous is used.
Electric cars have been around since the 1990s, but you never see them. They
require no gasoline at all and you can plug them in at home overnight. They're
very fast and much cleaner than gasoline-powered cars. Most of them are small.
Owning one is much cheaper because it uses no gas and doesn't need as much
maintenance. Unfortunately, the batteries are quite expensive.
The SUV (sports utility vehicle) requires more gasoline than the average car. It's
very popular because it has lots of space and is very safe. It is designed to be
taken off roads so people can go camping. Many women have been driving this
vehicle because of its safety and space for children, as well as for shopping.
1. H ow long have electric cars been around?

2. Why are they cheaper to own?

3. Why are SUVs so popular?

4. Why have many women been driving SUVs?

Team up
Why do you think many people don't want to drive electric cars? Discuss the reasons with your
classmates. Ask them if they would like to own one.
࡟࡟ They think that it won't be powerful enough.
࡟࡟ They think it is not as safe.
࡟࡟ They want a big car, not a small one.
Work in teams: Divide your teams one of girls and the other of boys, you teams are going to invent a short
advertising campaign to promote the use of electric cars.
Consider the following:
� It must appeal to mothers who want their family to be safe.
� Men like to show off their cars and drive fast.
� People like to drive long distances.
Up eak
� People like to have space inside their car to carry a lot of things.
Sp
!
� Some people like to take their car to camping sites.
Your ad campaign must attract these people and you also have to invent a name for your car.
Who are you selling it to — men or women? What would they want in a car and how would you make the car
attractive to them?

Visit http://www.fueleconomy.gov/feg/evtech.shtml Read about the advantages and

ICT disadvantages of electric cars. Based on the information, make a decision. Share your opinion
with your classmates. Support your point of view.
Red Buick, blue Buick (x3).

37
B2 Lesson10
http://www.eslgamesplus.com/future-forms-review-spin/ ICT
Get ready to… discuss your saving strategies and learn about budgets using the Simple Future and the
Future Perfect.
Time to start
How do you save your money? Complete the table.
My expenses My income My savings By 2020, I will have saved…
Grammar peek Simple Future vs. Future Perfect

What sentence expresses a completed action before sometime in the future? What sentence
expresses a voluntary action?
a. I won't waste my money in the future. b. I won't have saved a lot of money before I'm 30.
Use the Simple Future to express a promise or a voluntary action. Use the Future Perfect to express
the idea that something will occur before another action or specific time in the future. (will have + past
participle)
Examples: Mark will sell his car to pay for his tuition.
Mark will have paid his tuition before the semester ends.
Word for word

First, try to explain the new words on your own. Then find the definitions in the dictionary.
࡟࡟ budget
࡟࡟ fund
࡟࡟ income
࡟࡟ expense
࡟࡟ revenue
Listen on 10 Good Advice!

Listen to Ross and Anne and complete the table. Then listen again and complete Ross's advice.
Simple Future Future Perfect
1. You will have to .

2. You will need to .
3. You will use the budget sheet to .
4. You will have to keep .
5. You will have to categorize your .
6. You'll be able .
38
Lesson 10 | Do you know how to save money?
Read on Budgets
Read and choose from the budget types to match their descriptions.
1. Revenue budgets 3. Capital expenditure budgets
2. Incremental budgets 4. Expense budgets
The funds within this type of budget are allocated to departments or organizational units. The managers of these
units then allocate funds to activities as they see fit. It is developed from the previous budget. Each period's
budget begins by using the last period as a reference point.
This type of budget shows the primary activities undertaken by an individual/organization to achieve goals and
allocates a specific amount to each. Particular attention has to be given to fixed expenses.
This type of budget is a forecast, because it is based on the projection of future sales. The company's
competitors, advertising budget, sales force effectiveness and other relevant factors must be taken into
consideration. An estimate of sales volume must be made. Based on estimates of demand at various prices, an
appropriate sales price must be selected.
This type of budgets programs investments in property, buildings and major equipments. These are typically substantial
expenses both in terms of magnitude and duration. The magnitude and duration of these investments can justify the
development of separate budgets for these expenses. It allows forecasting future capital requirements, to keep on top
of important capital projects, and to ensure that adequate cash is available to meet these expenses.
Team up
Read the saving money tips that Ross gave to Anne. Then in teams, write more tips of your own. The
team that writes more and better tips will win.
࡟࡟ D
o not have more than one credit card and ࡟࡟ Eat less in restaurants and more at home.
use it only for emergencies. ࡟࡟ Hire more efficient and less expensive TV
࡟࡟ Never go shopping on an empty stomach. cable/satellite and cell phone plans.
Writing practice
Complete the budget sheet in your notebook. Compare it with your classmates' sheets and discuss the
differences.
Category Budget Amount Actual Amount Difference

Income
Wages/Other income
Subtotal:
Rent/Food/Clothing/Other
Subtotal:
NET Income
Up eak
Who do you think migrates more, men or women? Why do you think this is so?
Sp
Form two teams. One team visits https://www.bbvaresearch.com/en/publicaciones/

mexico-evolution-of-poverty-and-income-distribution/ and the other visits https://
ICT inequality.org/facts/global-inequality/ Each team reads their article and prepares a
presentation summarizing the main points. Both teams make posters with images related
to the article they worked on to create a gallery of wealth distribution.
Red lorry, yellow lorry (x3).

39
B2 Lesson11
For more on nuclear energy, visit https://www.nei.org/fundamentals/what-is-nuclear-energy ICT
Get ready to… use connectors to link parts of a text and ideas.
Grammar peek Basic Connectors – First, then, after that, later, after a while, finally
We use connectors to indicate the sequence of a series of events, or to list the points in a discussion.
For example: First, my sister and I went shopping. Then we had lunch. After that, we went to the
movies. Later, we met Rod and had a coffee. After a while, we went home. Finally, we went to bed
tired, but happy.
Complete the table with a story about you, your family or a friend. It was a terrible weekend!
CONNECTOR SUBJECT VERB(S)
First, my brother fell down when he was changing a bulb.
Writing practice
Read and write the appropriate connector in the blanks.
In order to understand the impact of nuclear energy, it is useful to explore its
history and how the general public received it. , we can analyze recent issues
and problems presented by nuclear energy and exactly what caused these problems and how harmful
or disastrous they could be. , it is vital to address them with solutions, such as
suitable waste immobilization. , we can discover and evaluate the great benefits
nuclear energy introduces and , we can discuss the great impact this has on the
economy and the environment.
40
Lesson 11 | Furthermore...
Grammar peek – Connectors

ADDING SEQUENCING ILLUSTRATING CAUSE and EFFECT
and first, second, third... for example because
also finally such as so
as well as next for instance therefore
moreover meanwhile in the case of thus
too after as revealed by... consequently
furthermore then illustrated by hence
additionally subsequently
COMPARING QUALIFYING CONTRASTING EMPHASISING
similary but whereas above all
likewise however instead of in particular
as with although alternatively especially
like unless otherwise significantly
equally except unlike indeed
in the same way... apart from on the other hand... notably
as long as conversely
if
Writing practice
Complete the sentences using connectors from the list. In some sentences, more than one option is
correct. Capitalize when necessary.
࡟࡟ for example ࡟࡟ still ࡟࡟ nevertheless ࡟࡟ then ࡟࡟ consequently
࡟࡟ finally ࡟࡟ so ࡟࡟ similarly ࡟࡟ for instance ࡟࡟ as a result
࡟࡟ but ࡟࡟ that ࡟࡟ however ࡟࡟ therefore ࡟࡟ in fact
1. I 'd like to see you tomorrow, let's have lunch.
2. My brother loves to eat, I don't care much about food.
3. When you begin an exercise program, you must be careful. My father, , hurt his
back by exercising too hard without warming up first.
4. She had looked everywhere for a job; , she was called for an interview.
5. She studied for hours. , she hoped to do well on the test.
6. First, Mary went to the store. , she went to visit her mother.
7. I'd like to read a lot of books; , I don't think I have enough time.
8. John ate and ate; , he never gained weight.
9. Joe ate too fast. , he had indigestion.
10. I was concentrating on my homework. , the milk boiled over and spilled.
Write your own sentences using five connectors from this lesson.
1.
2. Self control: Able to avoid
3. distractions and focus
attention on the current task
4. in order to achieve personal goals.
5.
Visit http://www.nvtc.ee/e-oppe/Varkki/layout/rules_for_writing_formal_letters.html to see how
to write a formal letter. Revisit your activity about inequality in the previous lesson. Write a letter
ICT to the government or an international organization mentioning what you learned from the articles
and your own experience about the topic. You can use the text on nuclear energy as a model to start
the letter and use connectors in your letter. Try to persuade authorities to solve the problem and
provide suggestions. Invite them to visit your gallery.
Thin sticks, thick bricks (x3).

41
B2 Lesson12
https://www.cntraveler.com/story/eco-friendly-travel-guide ICT
Get ready to… use Phrasal Verbs to talk about eco-friendly countries. Discuss what makes a country
eco-friendly.
Listen on 11 What Countries Are Eco-friendly?

Listen to the track and check the countries mentioned in it.
࡟࡟ Australia ࡟࡟ Poland
࡟࡟ Norway ࡟࡟ Austria
࡟࡟ Canada ࡟࡟ Switzerland
࡟࡟ Finland ࡟࡟ India
࡟࡟ Sweden ࡟࡟ Thailand
࡟࡟ Scotland ࡟࡟ Greece
Listen again and write the phrasal verbs you hear in the boxes.
Look at the pictures that represent eco-friendly countries' eco-accomplishments. Listen again and
write the name of the country below the picture that represents its major eco-accomplishment.

42
Lesson 12 | How eco-friendly is your country?
Listen and check

Answer the questions. Listen again and check.
1. W hat solutions are coming along rapidly in Sweden?

2. What country brought off a successful campaign of becoming carbon neutral by 2030?

3. What has gone over with all levels of government in Austria?

4. What country fights off industrialization?

5. What country pushes for personal responsibility and recycling?

6. What factors can we add to define what an eco-friendly country is?

Word for word

Match the definitions with the phrasal verbs. Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verbs.
1. fight off = make clean

2. add up = demand, urge
3. go over = gain approval
4. push for = accomplish
5. bring off = to progress, to make advances to a goal
6. come along = to defend against
7. clean up = to find the total, logically fit together
࡟࡟ You a successful advertisement campaign. Congratulations!

࡟࡟ Your project won't with your boss.
࡟࡟ He has been a cold for two weeks.
࡟࡟ They decided to the streets.
࡟࡟ Can you all facts he mentions in his research? Maybe we'll understand it better.
࡟࡟ The eco-movement in my town is fine. I'm sure we'll succeed!
࡟࡟ They're a ban on nuclear testing.
Project
Visit the site https://www.ecomena.org/eco-friendly-project-for-school-students/
Read about different eco-projects on the site. Create an eco-project with your classmates.
Prepare a formal presentation of your project.
Up eak
Form teams and discuss the questions. Do you think that ecological problems
Sp
can be a reason for migration? Can you mention a few examples?
Stupid superstition (x3).

43
B2 Lesson13
Visit https://www.grammar.cl/Games/Question_Tags.htm and play the game ICT
Get ready to… use Tag Questions to talk about holiday cooking. Discuss holiday cooking, holiday recipes
and ingredients.
Time to start
What do you eat on holidays?
Grammar peek Tag Questions - More information on page 89

We use Tag Questions to confirm information, when we know the answer and just want to verify or to
check information.
If the auxiliary verb in the sentence is affirmative, the tag is negative.
If the auxiliary verb in the sentence is negative, the tag is affirmative.
In the present tense, if the subject is I, the auxiliary changes to aren't in negative tags. I'm sitting next
to you, aren't I? We use an affirmative tag after a sentence containing a negative word such as never,
hardly, nobody. Nobody lives in this house, do they? When the subject is nothing, we use it in the tag.
Nothing bad happened, did it? When the subject is nobody, somebody, everybody, no one, someone,
or everyone, we use they in the tag. Nobody asked for me, did they? If the main verb in the sentence
is have (not an auxiliary verb), use do in the tag. You have a dog, don't you?
Add correct tags to the questions.

1. We cooked together, ?
2. You have two sisters, ?
3. I'm the head chef, ?
4. She has the plates, ?
5. You had eggnog, ?
6. Someone will bring food, ?
7. I should add some sugar, ?
8. Everyone is interested in your show, ?
9. That's chocolate mousse, ?
10. He can't chop onions, ?
11. I'm not cooking for your friends, ?
12. We have fresh eggs, ?
13. Nobody has tried the salad, ?
14. Nothing went wrong, ?
44
Lesson 13 | You cook for the holidays, don't you?
Listen on 12 I'm Doing It Right, Aren't I?

Listen. Write all the tags you hear. Listen again and mark the ingredients used by Hailey in her recipe.
Write a dialogue using Tag questions. Imitate the intonation in tags as you heard them in the dialogue.
, ? , ? , ? , ?
, ? , ? , ? , ?
Read on A Recipe
Ingredients: 1 (12 to 16 lbs.) turkey, 1 tbsp. salt for each 5 lbs. of bird, 1/3 cup of melted butter
Instructions:
1. Have the turkey thawed and ready to go four days before you plan to cook it.
2. Sprinkle entire turkey with salt, using 1 tbsp. of salt for each 5 lbs. of turkey. Concentrate the bulk of your
salting on the thickest parts of the turkey: the breast and the thigh sections.
3. Place turkey in a large bag. Allow to sit in the refrigerator for three days.
4. After three days, remove the bag. You won't be able to see any salt on the surface of the turkey, which should
be moist, but not wet. Allow the turkey to air dry in the refrigerator overnight (8 hours or more). This will
keep the skin crisp.
5. Before cooking, allow the turkey to come to room temperature.
6. Preheat the oven to 200°C.
7. Stuff as desired, brush with butter, and cook in a roasting pan with roasting rack, breast-side-down, for 30
minutes at 200°C.
8. After 30 minutes, flip the bird and reduce the oven temperature to 180°C.
9. Cook for about 2 hours and 15 minutes more.
Write correct question tags for the sentences.

1. You use resealable bags, ?
2. You thawed the turkey, ?
3. She'll preheat the oven, ?
4. I'm using a cookie cutter, ?
5. The dough isn't ready, ?
6. It is moist, ?
Grammar peek Tag Questions

A Question tag is a grammatical structure in which a declarative or an imperative statement is turned
into a question by the addition of an interrogative fragment.
Find more holiday recipes on www.recipes.holidays.net Choose one and write it

ICT down in your notebook. Read it to your classmates.
Up eak
Use Tag Questions to ask your classmates how they celebrate the holidays.
Sp
Eleven benevolent elephants (x3).

45
B2 Lesson14
https://www.theknot.com/content/wedding-traditions-superstitions-facts-trivia ICT
Get ready to… use"verbs with Prepositions" + "Gerunds" correctly. Talk about wedding customs
and superstitions.
Listen on 13 Who Doesn't Dream of Getting Married?

Listen and answer the questions. Listen again and check the pictures of wedding customs or
superstitions mentioned in the dialogue.
1. W hat is Olga looking forward to?

2. What does Meg's mother insist on?

3. What did Meg want to get used to doing before the wedding?

4. What did Meg's mother warn her against?

5. What doesn't Olga want Meg to worry about?

6. What does Olga want Meg to think of?

Writing practice
Grammar peek Phrasal verbs
Complete the questions. The questions have to be Phrasal verbs consist of a verb and another word or
about weddings, wedding customs or superstitions. phrase, usually a preposition. The resulting combination
Ask them to a partner. creates what amounts to a new verb, whose meaning can
sometimes be puzzling to non-native speakers. Phrasal
verbs often arise from casual uses of the language, and
࡟࡟ Do you ever think of ? eventually work themselves into the mainstream of language
࡟࡟ Do you believe in ? use. Phrasal verbs can be both intransitive 'The children
were sitting around, doing nothing.' and transitive in
࡟࡟ Do you worry about ? meaning 'Our boss called off the meeting.' The word that is
joined with a verb in this construction (often a preposition) is
࡟࡟ Have they warned you against ? called a particle.
࡟࡟ How often do you talk about ? Examples: It isn't easy to bring up children nowadays.
Let's get this over with!
Will she ever hang up the phone?
46
Lesson 14 | Are you looking forward to getting married?
Grammar peek Verbs with Prepositions + Gerunds = Collocations

We use a gerund/noun after the following phrases:
accuse of concentrate on get used to stop someone from

agree with cope with insist on talk about/of
apologize for decide against look forward to think of
believe in depend on rely on warn someone against
blame for dream about/of succeed in worry about
complain about feel like specialize in congratulate someone on
Listen to Track 20 and write all the verbs with prepositions followed by gerunds used in the
dialogue in the boxes. Write sentences in your notebook using them.
look forward to
Read on Customs and Superstitions

Read the article and answer the questions below. Discuss it in pairs.
There are many customs and superstitions associated with weddings. In the past, a wedding was seen as a time
when people were particularly susceptible to bad luck and evil spirits. Many superstitions are modifications of
customs which began many centuries ago.
In the past, when the marriage proposal was a quite formal procedure, the prospective groom sent his friends or
members of his family to represent his interests to the prospective bride and her family. If they saw a blind man,
a monk or a pregnant woman during their journey, it was thought that the marriage would be doomed if they
continued because these sights were thought to be bad omens.
It was thought unlucky for a woman to marry a man whose surname began with the same letter as hers.
June was considered to be a lucky month to get married because it is named after Juno, the Roman goddess of
love and marriage.
The placing of a silver sixpence in the bride's shoe was to ensure wealth in the couples' married life.
Today some brides place a coin in their shoe during the ceremony.
When the bride is ready to leave the house for the wedding ceremony, a last look in the mirror will bring her
good luck. However, returning to the mirror once she began her journey would result in bad luck.
1. W hat did the prospective groom do to propose in the past?

2. What month was considered the best to marry and why?

3. Why would the brides place a silver coin in their shoes?

Project Interview your grandparents to find out what marriage customs and superstitions they used to
In
have when they were young. Write their answers and tell tour classmates if you like or dislike
those costums or superstitions.
ICT https://www.thoughtco.com/collocation-examples-1210325
Two tried and true tridents (x3).

47
B2 Lesson15
http://money.usnews.com/money/blogs/outside-voices-careers/articles/2016-05-31/5-things-
never-to-ask-in-a-job-interview
ICT
Get ready to… make decisions about a job offer. Use phrasal verbs.
Time to start
Use your dictionary and find out the meanings of these words.
commute buddies amiable hasty wind down
Listen on 14 To Accept or not to Accept…
Circle True or False.

1. Silvia has doubts about accepting the job she was offered. True False
2. Mark asks her about the salary she's going to get. True False
3. Silvia liked her potential boss. True False
4. Mark thinks that she shouldn't accept the job. True False
5. Silvia will have to drive 30 minutes to work. True False
6. Mark thinks she should trust her instincts. True False
Find more phrasal verbs at http://www.englishclub.com/vocabulary/

phrasal-verbs-quiz.htm and do the quiz you will find at the end of the list. ICT
Report your results to your teacher.
48
Lesson 15 | Will you take your chance?
Read on Interviews Matter

Read the article and complete the table below.
First impressions matter! Why? Because they create biases. If you make a bad impression upfront, you will have
to combat that bias. It's like running uphill. On the other hand, if you make a good impression, you can ride on
it. It's like running downhill. That being said, make sure to dress professionally, smile, give a firm handshake, and
introduce yourself properly.
As you enter the interview room, he or she might ask you a few questions. They might be about the weather
or how you got there… some small talk to put you at ease. Accept the "invitation" and relax. As the interview
"formally" starts, make sure to remember that interviewing is a "communication process." This means that you
have to be "clear" when you talk. Clarity entails that you "speak clearly" and "answer clearly." Answering clearly
means that you have to satisfy whatever was on the mind of the interviewer when he or she asked you the
question. In order to do that, you have to practice your listening skills. Don't interrupt if he or she is having a
conversation with another person. If you are not sure what was asked, ask the interviewer to repeat himself or,
even better, rephrase the question in your own words and ask the interviewer to confirm that you grasped his or
her question properly.
The next thing to keep in mind is that questions are asked for a purpose. Try to find the purpose underlying the
question.
What does the interviewer want to know and how can you best answer his or her question?
Put yourself at ease as you answer questions and undertake it as if it were a conversation.
To "converse" with someone is the best way to "connect" with that person. If you were
not offered a glass of water and feel that your mouth is dry, don't be shy and ask
for a glass of water. The interviewer will be happy to do so. Don't let those minor
details bother you.
As the interview winds down, make sure that you have shown interest in the
organization by asking a few relevant and intelligent questions. Don't let your
guard down. The interview is not over until you have left the building.
PHRASAL VERB MEANING

get through with
break in on
come in
Socioemocional Skill: How easy/difficult is it for migrants to get a job?
Up eak
Sociability: Able to approach others,
Do they all need qualifications to get one?
Sp
both friends and strangers, initiating and
!
maintaining social connections. Are jobs for migrants well paid?
Writing practice
Replace the words and phrases in bold with phrasal verbs from the table.
1. Don't interrupt if he or she is having a conversation with another person.

2. As you enter the interview room, he or she might ask you a few questions.

3. The interview is not over until you have left the building.

Visit https://www.thequinnlawfirm.com/articles/how-serious-are-employment-challenges-
Project
for-immigrants/ Read the article about immigrants and work.
Make a summary of the article. Focus on the ways employers may take advantage of the
immigrants. What do you suggest governments solve the problem?
Rolling red wagons (x3).

49
B2 Lesson16
http://www.chompchomp.com/terms/correlativeconjunction.htm ICT
Get ready to… use correlative conjunctions to discuss other people's professions. Talk about different
jobs and duties.
Listen on 15 Guess What My Job Is!

How many times can you hear the words "either" and "neither"? Circle True or False for the statements.
1. Fernando doesn't remember what Erica's job is. True False

2. Erica is a nurse. True False
3. Erica is responsible for data entry. True False
4. Fernando has to guess what her job is. True False
5. Erica doesn't credit patients' accounts. True False
6. Erica doesn't recall what Fernando's job is, either. True False

1. W hat duties does Erica have at work?

2. What is Erica's job?

Grammar peek
Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that work together. The most common correlative
conjunctions are: both… and, either… or, neither… nor, not only… but also
Example: Both Sandy and Chris like cooking. Either Sandy or Chris does the cooking. Neither Sandy
nor Chris likes washing the dishes. Sandy not only dances but also sings beautifully.
Write sentences using correlative conjunctions.
1. I don't like this movie. My boyfriend doesn't like this movie.

2. Rose works at the school. Tim works at the school.

3. The children enjoy swimming. Parents enjoy swimming.

4. David spends lots of money. His wife spends lots of money.

50
Lesson 16 | What is my job?
Read on Jobs and Duties

Read the job duties and match them with the job titles.
Job Duties
1. hires and supervises workers 11. treats animals
2. trims bushes and trees 12. prepares medications for prescriptions
3. sews clothing 13. sorts and delivers mail
4. creates recipes 14. guides tourists to see city sights
5. designs bridges 15. builds houses
6. sells things at stores 16. interprets language for people
7. takes care of sick people 17. checks bills and prepares tax reports
8. takes pictures of people 18. decorates rooms in buildings
9. operates a cash register 19. drives cars, trucks or buses
10. paints buildings 20. studies the way people behave
chef interpreter/translator accountant

cashier sales clerk engineer
painter tour guide bricklayer
gardener veterinarian psychologist
seamstress postal clerk decorator
pharmacist manager nurse
driver photographer
Writing practice
Write sentences using 'either… or', 'neither… nor' or 'both... and'. Read them aloud. Write sentences
of your own in your notebook.
1. Andrew and Thomas sort and deliver mail. Both Andrew and Thomas sort and deliver mail.
2. Jenny and Sally don't prepare tax reports.
3. Robert and David operate a cash register.
4. Pablo and Edgar don't hire workers.
5. Said or Luis trims the trees.
Cross out the job duties that don't belong in each category. Tell your classmates what your parents' jobs are
and their job duties. Say some job duties and have your classmates guess what jobs they match.
SECRETARY CARPENTER GARDENER MEDICAL ASSISTANT

inputs data into computers fixes machines plants a flower garden takes care of sick people
paints rooms builds buildings sells houses delivers packages
Up eak
files cuts wood trims bushes and trees diagnoses illnesses

Sp
operates office machines repairs furniture treats animals assists doctors and nurses
sorts mail sells things plants and cultivates flowers works with medical
answers the phone delivers mail checks bills for mistakes equipment
guides tourists supervises people cuts grass supervises people
repairs machines operates machines paints houses prepares tax reports
repairs cars keeps records decorates rooms fixes electrical appliances
Visit https://canadianimmigrant.ca/careers-and-education/careers/5-reasons-skilled-immigrants-
ICT complain-they-dont-get-jobs-in-canada Read the article. Compare the situations for immigrants in
Canada with that of immigrants in your country or state. Do they have similar problems? Why/Why not?
Black back bat (x3).

51
Graphic Organizer
52
Week/Month BLOCK 2 | Put Off or Put Away?
Attitude
CRITERIA
5 4 3 2 POINTS
Student
Student
always class but is
more than more than
on time. every two
weeks.
two weeks.
Student is
Student is
proactive and
proactive and
contributes
questions
once
than once
per class.
per class.

Student rarely
engages in
Behavior disruptive
behavior
during class.

Preparation
Student stands
Presentations
presentation.
TOTAL:
53
Week/Month

CRITERIA
5 4 3 2 POINTS

Speaking -
Student uses
Student needs
to use more
precise and
accurate words
vocabulary;
to create a clear
message.
inappropriately.
Student is able
to communicate,
ask and answer
no difficulty.
Student has
Student uses
little or no
a limited range
Accuracy almost all
verb tenses;
impede
to express
communication.
meaning.
Student is
unable to
understand
what is said
or read.
Student uses
Student needs
to use more
accurate words
words may
to create a clear
message.
inappropriately.
Student uses
meaning. meaning.
meaning.
TOTAL:
54


5 4 3 2 1
1 2 3 Me
Name: Date:
Knowing
Doing
Being
Participation
Integration
Learning effort

55
BLOCK3
Have You Had a Lot
of Experiences?
G8.3 Assumes a constructive attitude, congruent with the knowledge and skills available within
C4. Produces texts based on the normative use of the language, considering the intention and
communicative situation.
Competence: Produces clear, well structured and detailed texts on topics of a certain complexity,
showing the correct use of the mechanisms of organization, articulation and cohesion
of the text.

Generic Competences: G4, G4.4, G8, G8.3
Disiplinary Competences: C4, C12
G4 Listens to, interprets and gives messages that are relevant to the context, selecting the
appropriate medium and code.
G7 Has initiative and interest to learn throughout his life.
C4 Produces texts using the appropriate forms of the language, in accordance with his/her
communicative purpose.
1.1
Faces difficulties and is aware of his/her values, strengths and weaknesses.
human development.
4.5 Uses information and communications technologies to obtain information and express ideas.
56
B2
Can you…
• use the Present Perfect with the

Simple Past?

• use Modal verbs with the Present Perfect?

• use -ed and -ing adjectives?

• use phrasal verbs?

57
B3
C L I L Connect to
Gender Equality
Women Who
Made History Authentic
English
Coco Chanel
From her millinery first shop, opened in 1912, to the 1920s, Gabrielle 'Coco'
Chanel rose to become one of the premier fashion designers in Paris, France.
Replacing the corset with comfort and casual elegance, her fashion themes
included simple suits and dresses, women's trousers, costume jewelry, perfume
and textiles.
Coco Chanel claimed her birthdate to be in 1893 and her birthplace at
Auvergne; however, she was born in 1883 in Saumur. She adopted the name
Coco during a brief career as a cafe and concert singer 1905-1908.
First a mistress of a wealthy military officer, then of an English industrialist,
Coco Chanel drew on the resources of these patrons to set up a millinery shop
in Paris in 1910, expanding to Deauville and Biarritz. Soon "Coco" was expanding
to couture, working in jersey, the first in the French fashion world. By the 1920s,
her fashion house had expanded considerably, and her chemise set a fashion
trend with its "little boy" look. Her relaxed fashions, short skirts, and casual
look were in sharp contrast to the corset fashions popular in the previous
decades. Chanel herself dressed in mannish clothes, and adapted these more
comfortable fashions, which other women also found liberating.
Margaret Thatcher
Born Margaret Hilda Roberts to a solidly middle class family – neither rich,
nor poor – in the small town of Grantham, noted for manufacturing railroad
equipment.
From 1943 to 1947, Margaret attended Somerville College, Oxford. After
college, she went to work as a research chemist, working for two different
companies in the developing plastics industry.
She got involved in politics going to the Conservative Party Conference
in 1948, representing Oxford graduates. She met Denis Thatcher, a director
of his family's paint company. Denis came from more wealth and power than
Margaret did. He had also been briefly married during World War II before
divorcing. Margaret and Denis were married on December 13, 1951.
Margaret studied law from 1951 to 1954, specializing in tax law. In 1959,
Margaret Thatcher was elected to a rather safe seat in Parliament, becoming
the Conservative MP for Finchley, a suburb north of London.
Margaret Thatcher became prime minister of the United Kingdom on May
4, 1979. She was not only the UK's first female prime minister, but she was also
the first woman prime minister in Europe. She brought in her radical right-wing
economic policies, "Thatcherism," plus her confrontational style and personal
frugality. During her time in office, she continued to prepare breakfast and
dinner for her husband, and even to do grocery shopping. She never took
her complete salary.
58
CLIL | Women Who Made History
Visit https://goo.gl/iiuW4r Look at the list. Choose the woman you admire the most. Prepare a
ICT presentation about her.
Reading Comprehension
Complete the following sentences by writing (CC) Coco Chanel or (MT) Margaret Thatcher.
1. worked in the plastics industry after college.
2. had a three-year career as a singer.
3. studied and specialized in tax law.
4. was married to the director of a paint company.
5. liberated women from corsets.
6. was a radical right-wing politician.
Team up
Discuss with your group how you can help women to gain more importance in the workplace.
Imagine you have become famous, and you have to write in a few lines who you are, what you do and
your importance in the job.
59
B3 Lesson17
http://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/past-simple-present-perfect-4.html ICT
Get ready to… talk about unusual experiences you have had in your life. Learn to use the Present Perfect
with the Simple Past correctly.
Listen on 16 High School Reunion

Listen to the conversations at the high school reunion party and complete them with the Simple Past
or Past Participle of the verbs in parentheses.
Andy: Have you ever (be) to China? Sonia: Have you ever (try) jackfruit?
Tania: No, I haven't. But I (go) to Kim: No. What is it?
Korea last summer. Sonia: It's a very delicious fruit I (try)
Andy: How interesting! Did you like it? in Cancun.
Tania: Yes, a lot. I have never (try) Kim: How did it taste?
such an unusual cuisine. Sonia: It (taste) like mango and
gummy bears.
Donna: Have you ever (practice)

pranayama? Paul: Have you (see) Jane?
Tim: Is it like Tai Chi? Ella: No, why?
Donna: It's different. I (start) two Paul: I didn't recognize her. She has (lose)
months ago. so much weight.
Tim: Did you like it? Ella: Wow! How did she do that?
Donna: Yes, I did. I have (learn) to Paul: I think she has (be) on a diet
breathe correctly. for a year.
Tim: Can you teach me? Ella: Excuse me. I'll go look for her.
Carla: Have you ever (meet) Dan: When I (study) in Rome,

any celebrities? I (learn) Italian.
Kate: No, I haven't. But my Dad (meet) Kim: It's a beautiful language. I have (travel)
Julio Iglesias once. a lot but didn't learn other
Carla: And what did he do? languages.
Kate: He (ask) him to take a Dan: Have you at least tried? You know
photo together. what they say, "Practice makes
Carla: Do you have it? May I see it? perfect."
Read the conversations and write down the verbs in their Simple Past and Past Participle forms.
Simple Past -
Past Participle -
Listen and answer

Listen to the conversations again and answer.
1. Who has learned Italian? 5. Who has never been to China?
2. Who has practiced pranayama? 6. Who has traveled a lot?
3. Who has tried jackfruit? 7. Who has met Julio Iglesias?
4. Who has lost weight?
Search about gender equality in different countries and how it affects or benefits men and women. Discuss
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your ideas with the class.

Sp
60
Lesson 17 | Have you really? When?
Listen and match

Listen to the conversations from the party again and match the names with the experiences
presented in the pictures. Complete the sentences below.
a b c

d e f

1. Jane . 4. Sonia .
2. Kate's . 5. Kim .
3. Tania . 6. Dan .
Check it out!
With past time expressions we use the simple past: yesterday, two days ago, last week, in 1976, many years
ago, last month, a long time ago.
Grammar peek Present Perfect vs. Simple Past Present perfect continuous
When we use the Simple Past, we usually indicate the exact time of an action in the past or we ask
when an action took place.
Example: I went there 5 minutes ago. – Simple Past
I haven't seen him. – Present Perfect
We use Present perfect continuous to talk about a situation that start in the past but we still do them today.
Example: I have been eating healthy since my last checkup.
Tell your classmates about the most or interesting unusual experience you have ever had in your life. Ask and
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answer when, where and with whom.

Sp
Example: S1: I've been to Japan. S2: When did you go? S1: I went to Japan last year.
Visit http://www.usingenglish.com/articles/sharing-personal-experiences-in-efl-
ICT classes.html Use a few of the phrases and talk about general experiences.
She sees cheese (x3).

61
B3 Lesson18
http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/most_famous_landmarks.htm ICT
Get ready to… consolidate and practice the Present Perfect. Develop reading strategies.
Grammar peek Present Perfect vs. Simple Past

When you talk about experience, you can use the Present Perfect, but when you want to be specific
about time, you need to use the Simple Past.
Example:
Have you ever been to China? Yes, I went there last year.
SIGNAL WORDS
SIMPLE PAST PRESENT PERFECT
yesterday just
... ago already
in 1990 up to now
the other day until now / till now
last ... ever
this … (not) yet
so far
lately / recently
Writing practice
Complete with the correct tense of the verb in parenthesis.
1. Let's go out. (wash) the dishes yet?
2. I (clean) the kitchen yesterday, but I (have / not)

the time to do it today yet.
3. (you / make) your bed this morning?
4. Good morning. You (arrive) home from that party two hours ago!
5. (you / not / finish) the report yet! When

(you / start) it?
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Lesson 18 | World Famous Landmarks
Read on Cirque du Soleil
If you have never seen Cirque du Soleil shows, you've missed an extraordinary and unforgettable experience.
Cirque du Soleil has entertained millions of people since 1984.
In 1984 only 73 people worked for Cirque du Soleil. Since then thousands of artists have worked in this famous
worldwide enterprise. Since 1985, Cirque du Soleil touring shows have visited over 250 cities around the world.
Close to 100 million spectators have seen Cirque du Soleil shows since 1990.
Each Cirque du Soleil show is a synthesis of circus styles from around the world, with its own central
theme and storyline. The shows draw the audience into the performance through continuous live music and
unusual performances.
The Canadian government has decided to secure funding for the Cirque
du Soleil since 1992, and the managers took steps to renovate the
Cirque from a group of street performers into a "proper circus".
Guy Garon, the head of the national Circus School, was hired as artistic
director to accomplish this goal. They have implemented emotional
music that is played from beginning to end by musicians in the shows.
They have emulated the method of having
the acts tell a story. Technical crew do not
move equipment on and off stage during the
shows but performers do, so that it does not
disrupt the momentum of the storyline.
They've created a circus where the audience is
drawn into an amazing performance.
Writing practice
Answer the questions and write some more for your classmates.
1. What have you missed if you have never seen a Cirque du Soleil show?
2. Who has Cirque du Soleil entertained since 1984?
3. How many cities has Cirque du Soleil visited since 1990?
4. What have the managers of Cirque du Soleil implemented into the shows?
Cooperation: Living in harmony with Do circuses have jobs for both men and women in the same
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others and valuing interconnectedness proportion? Do you think they are paid equally? What can
Sp
among all people. their salary depend on?
Read more about Cirque du Soleil at http://www.circusnet.info/cirque/soleile.php

ICT Select English. Write an overview of any of the shows described on the site that you
would like to see and explain your choice. Why do you think Cirque du Soleil has become
so successful? Discuss it with your classmates.
Truly rural (x3).

63
B3 Lesson19
http://www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-ancient.html ICT
Get ready to… learn about prehispanic astronomy and discuss the use of calendars. Use the Simple Past
and the Present Perfect.
Time to start
Read on Astronomy in Prehispanic Cultures

Read the article and complete it with the correct words.
࡟࡟ legitimate ࡟࡟ intertwined
࡟࡟ indoctrination ࡟࡟ astronomical
࡟࡟ observations ࡟࡟ governing
࡟࡟ elite
Mesoamerica is a culturally defined geographical area corresponding to the central and southern parts of modern
Mexico and the northern part of Central America. The observation of the natural environment allowed ancient
societies to predict annual changes in their environments and to regulate their activities in time. Therefore, the
need for astronomical increased notably with the origin of agriculture. The observation
of the sky had an important role among the Maya, Aztecs, and other prehispanic cultures of Mesoamerica.
Their familiarity with the regularities of the apparent motion of the Sun, the Moon, and bright planets has been
attested in a large amount of data contained in codices and monumental hieroglyphic
inscriptions, as well as in their sophisticated calendars. The study of architectural alignments has disclosed that
civic and ceremonial buildings were largely oriented on astronomical grounds, mostly sunrises and sunsets on
certain dates. Astronomy in Aztec and Maya society with religious ideas and practices.
The most sophisticated astronomical knowledge was possessed by the priestly class, closely associated with the
ruling . The Mesoamerican astronomer-priests achieved sophisticated knowledge about
the periodicity of eclipses, which were considered bad omens in ancient traditions. The complex knowledge
possessed by the priestly elite in prehispanic times was lost soon after the Conquest, mostly as a result of
Christian imposed by the Spanish clergy. Among the planets observed in Mesoamerica,
the most important one was Venus. Venus figured prominently in ideas and ritual practices linked to warfare
and sacrifice, and was also believed to be an eclipse agent. The Mesoamerican world view was a manifestation
of the attempts of the classes to their power by recreating and
perpetuating the cosmic order in the earthly environment.
Discuss gender equality among

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the different cultures you are

Sp
familiar with. Do men and

!
women have the same rights?

Do they get paid the same for
the same job?
64
Lesson 19 | Have you ever observed the night sky?
Writing practice
Read the article and write correct sentences.
1. W hat allowed ancient societies to regulate their activities on time was the observation of the
governing classes.

2. The development of agriculture required less astronomical observations.

3. Codices and monumental hieroglyphic inscriptions prove that prehispanic cultures weren't aware of
cosmic regularities.

4. Archeology has disclosed that all buildings were largely oriented on astronomical grounds.

5. The Sun figured in ideas and ritual practices linked to warfare and sacrifice, and was also believed to
be an eclipse agent.

Grammar peek Present Perfect vs. Simple Past

Which sentence is correct?
a. I didn't see any archeological sites yet. b. I haven't seen any archeological sites yet.
The Present Perfect is used when the time period has not finished or when the time is not specific.
The Simple Past is used when the time period has finished and the time is clear.
Read the article and say how many sentences are written in the Simple Past and how many in the
Present Perfect.
Simple Past Present Perfect
Listen on 17 Questions
Listen to the questions about the article "Astronomy in Prehispanic Cultures" and write your
answers here.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
For more on gender equality and culture, visit http://www.unesco.org/new/en/culture/gender-

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and-culture/gender-equality-and-culture/#:~:text=Gender%20equality%20is%20an%20
Sp
important,freedom%20of%20expression%20for%20all
Project
Prepare a debate about gender equality, rights and opportunities in different cultures in your country.
Good blood, bad blood (x3).

65
B3 Lesson20
https://speakspeak.com/english-grammar-exercises/intermediate/modal-verbs-for-past-
probability-must-have-cant-have-couldnt-have-may-have
ICT
Get ready to… express your opinion about celebrities and paparazzi. Use past modals of possibility.
Listen on 18 Paparazzi Talk

Listen to the paparazzi. What celebrities are mentioned? Circle.
࡟࡟ Beyoncé ࡟࡟ Rod Stewart
࡟࡟ Madonna ࡟࡟ Miley Cyrus
࡟࡟ David Beckham ࡟࡟ Will Smith
Grammar peek Might Have, Could Have, May Have - Past Modals of Possibility
We use might have, may have, could have to talk about possibility in the past.
Examples: She looks tired.
She might have gone to the gym.
Writing practice
Write sentences using past modals of possibility. Use the names of the celebrities mentioned in the
conversation above.
1.
2.
3.
4.
Form teams to discuss. Are there more men than women in the show business? Among the most famous, are
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there more women or more men? Do they earn the same money? Support your opinions.
Sp
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Lesson 20 | Who might that have been?
Read on Celebrities Versus Paparazzi

Read the articles and answer the questions below. Underline the past modals of possibility.
French police say a team of camouflaged paparazzi A paparazzo trying to film actor Matthew
might have infiltrated Angelina Jolie and Brad Pitt's McConaughey on a Malibu beach reported to
estate and then may have taken some photos of police that he may have been attacked by a mob of
their children. Both photographers and guards surfers, the Los Angeles Times reports. The surfers
were taken in for questioning and filed legal approached the man and the other photographers,
complaints accusing each other of aggression and of demanded they stop filming and threw the man's
intentionally inflicting injury. video camera in the water.
1 2
A British court could have approved J.K. Rowling's Paris Hilton and her boyfriend might have run over a
request to ban publication of a photograph of photographer's foot last night as paparazzi mobbed
her son running a red light, Reuters reports. "If their vehicle, TMZ reports. Paris may have heard the
a child of parents who are not in the public eye man's scream because she peered out the window
could reasonably expect not to have photographs at the scene before driving off. The photographer
published in the media, so too should the child of a has since filed a hit and run report with the L.A.
famous parent." Sheriff's Department.
3 4
1. W ho may have been attacked by a mob of surfers?

2. What could a British court have approved?

3. What may Paris Hilton have heard?

4. Where might paparazzi have infiltrated?

Check it out!
Paparazzo (plural paparazzi) = A freelance photographer who sells photographs of celebrities to the media,
especially one who pursues celebrities and attempts to obtain candid photographs.
Word for word

Match the words with the definitions. a criminal group, or to attack as a group
to prohibit
1. injury
2. mob someone belonging to the same group, or to
3. ban look curiously
4. peer bodily harm
Project
Write down 5 pairs of sentences about things that have happened and something that could / might /
may (couldn't / might not / may not) have caused them to happen, giving convincing reasons for your conclusions.
Examples: My friend looked sad. He might have failed the test. There was a lot of traffic on the road.
It must have been the rush hour. Now read the first sentence of each pair to your classmates and ask them to deduce a
reason. Who gave the same reason as you did and who came up with a different one?
Read these essays about gender equality at https://www.humanrightscareers.com/issues/

ICT essays-gender-equality/ Discuss their ideas and use them as a model to write your own.
ICT Visit https://learnamericanenglishonline.com/Yellow%20Level/Y12%20Perfect%20Modals.html
Pre-shrunk silk shirts (x3).

67
B3 Lesson21
https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-
intermediate/modals-deductions-about-the-past
ICT
Get ready to… use 'must have' to make deductions based on past events.
Listen on 19 I Must Have Been in Love
Listen and answer the questions.

1. Did he see that she was in love?
2. Did he feel that she tried her best?
3. Did they learn from their mistakes?
Grammar peek Must Have

We use must have when we talk about probability or deductions based on past events.
Examples: The road is wet. It must have rained.
My mother must have left. Her car isn't in the garage.
Read on At the Marriage Counselor's Office

Sharon Leone is a marriage counselor. Read what the clients tell her about their spouses and match
them with Sharon's notes.
My husband didn't like to go My husband always complained

shopping with me. that he couldn't sleep well by
1 my side.
4
My wife used to watch soap
operas all the time. I didn't like My wife called me at work a
watching TV that much. hundred times a day.
2 5
My mother-in-law gave me My husband gained a lot

advice about everything. of weight.
3 6
You must You must

You must You must
You must have spent You must have spent
have spent have always
have let him too much have snored too much
too much stayed
eat a lot. time in a lot. time
time at work. at home.
the malls. with her.
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Lesson 21 | What must have happened?
Writing practice
Make suggestions about what these couples did wrong. Why did they argue? Follow the example.
She didn't help me get He didn't tell me that He didn't wish me a He didn't pay the bill in
ready for the test. he was sick. happy birthday. the restaurant.
1 2 3 4
1. She must have felt tired.

2. ࡟࡟ left his wallet at home
3. ࡟࡟ felt embarrassed
4. ࡟࡟ forgotten about it
Read and match

Match the sentences. Change the verbs in parentheses into the Past Participle.
1. He took his dog to the vet. It must have (be) too expensive.
2. He didn't send an e-mail. Someone must have (use) all the paper.
3. He didn't buy this car. He must have (forget) my address.
4. He couldn't use his fax machine. 1 gotten (get) ill.
It must have
5. He didn't come to my party. His computer must have (break) down.
Pairwork
Write sentences using 'must have'.
1. The boy is crying. He must have fallen down.
2. Your umbrella is wet.
3. His parents are angry.
4. She had a car accident.
5. Mary didn't pass the test.
Search the lyrics of your favorite song and share them with your classmates, after that try to find
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Sp
all the verbs in different tenses and deduct the meaning of the song.
!
ICT Visit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6WzkvBkcUE Listen to

Roxette's song, It Must Have Been Love.
Ed had edited it. (x3).

69
B3 Lesson22
https://www.businessenglishsite.com/business-english-grammar-tests.html ICT
Get ready to… share information about different customs and traditions. Use "should have" to express
regrets about past actions.
Time to start
Write the correct past participle form of the verbs.
Base Form Past Participle Base Form Past Participle

tell see
come take
bring forget
know write
stand meet
eat feel
go drink
Grammar peek Should Have

We use should have + past participle to express regret about a past action.
Examples: I can't answer many questions on this test. I should have studied more.
She has a terrible headache. She shouldn't have stayed awake all night.
Listen on 20 I Shouldn't Have...

Listen. Number the places in the order in which they are mentioned.
Brazil Japan
London Greece
70
Lesson 22 | Should I have bought flowers?
Listen and circle

Read the statements and circle True or False.
1. Carl should have hugged the guide in Japan. True False
2. He should have brought something to the Greek home. True False
3. He shouldn't have told the girl about his age in Brazil. True False
4. He shouldn't have stood under the mistletoe during Christmas in England. True False
Writing practice
Write about regrets according to the pictures. Begin the sentences with She/He should/shouldn't
have...
1 2 3
not - eat junk food not - scream go to the hairdresser
4 5
take the car to the mechanic see the doctor
1. She shouldn't have eaten junk food. 4.

2. 5.
3.
Project
Using Canva create a digital magazine about how gender equality or inequality affects people and countries.
ICT Visit http://busyteacher.org/10670-how-to-teach-modals-of-regret.html Read the explanations and write

two sentences about regrets: two using "should have", two using "could have" and two using "would have".

We surely shall see the sun shine soon.

71
B3 Lesson23
https://www.englishclub.com/grammar/adjectives-order-quiz.htm ICT
Get ready to… describe entertainment performances or shows using different adjectives. Use '-ed' and
'-ing' adjectives to talk about feelings and emotions.
Grammar peek '-ed' Adjectives vs. '-ing' Adjectives

When we describe something or someone, we
can use an adjective with -ing ending.
When we talk about how we feel, we use an
adjective with -ed ending.
Examples: The lesson is boring.
I'm bored.
The clown is entertaining. The children are entertained.
Word for word

Match the sentences. Change the verbs in parentheses into the Past Participle.
DESCRIPTION FEELING
alarming frustrating alarmed frustrated
amusing interesting amused interested
boring overwhelming bored overwhelmed
concerning pleasing concerned pleased
confusing relaxing confused relaxed
embarrassing satisfying embarrassed satisfied
encouraging shocking encouraged shocked
entertaining surprising entertained surprised
exciting terrifying excited terrified
exhausting tiring exhausted tired
frightening frightened
Writing practice
Choose the correct adjective.
amused / amusing 1. This game is . I'm .
tiring / tire 2. My parents are . The tour is .
exciting / excited 3. The ride is so . Children are very .
interested / interesting 4. The show is . She's so .
frustrated / frustrating 5. Standing in line is . I'm .
frightening / frightened 6. My son is . The roller coaster is .
Write some more sentences using the adjectives from the list above.
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Do you think that there are "men only" and "women only" jobs? Which, in your opinion? Why do you think so?
Sp
72
Lesson 23 | Are you bored?
Listen on 21 At the Circus

What "-ed" and "-ing" adjectives do you see in the dialogue? Change the adjectives in this dialogue
with any appropriate adjectives from the "Word for word" section and practice the dialogue in pairs.
Hector: Are you watching the juggler?
Mandy: Sure, I am. It's so exciting. I think he's going to drop the balls. It's
amazing!
Hector: He's standing on one foot and jumping. Big deal! I could do that.
Mandy: Look at the acrobat! It looks like he's flying. And the ring is so high.
Isn't it terrifying?
Hector: There is a net underneath. I'm not frightened at all. He's not going to
fall down.
Mandy: Wow! Look at the magician! He's going to cut that girl in half. I'm
shocked.
Hector: It's a simple trick. That box has some mirrors.
Mandy: All right! But what about those three girls? They're swinging on a
trapeze. That's isn't an easy stunt.
Hector: It's true. They're very well trained.
Mandy: It must be exhausting. This circus act is so amusing. You seem
bored, Hector.
Hector: I like circus acts with animals. I think it's much more interesting.
Mandy: Do you know how they train animals to perform those acts? I've
read an article about it. It's so cruel. Now, every time I see animals
perform, I get so overwhelmed. I really don´t miss seeing animals in
this circus, tonight.
Circle the correct name.
1. Who is not frightened? Hector Mandy
2. Who is overwhelmed? Hector Mandy
3. Who is terrified? Hector Mandy
4. Who is amazed? Hector Mandy
5. Who is shocked? Hector Mandy
6. Who is bored? Hector Mandy
Word for word
juggler net swing trick
� Do you like to go to the circus? � Describe it to your classmates.

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Sp
� What's your favorite circus act? � Use adjectives from the lesson.
!
Discuss the use of animals in the circus. Are you for or against? Support your opinion.
Socioemocional Skill: Visit https://www.grammar.cl/Notes/Adjectives_ED_ING.

Archievement Orientation: Setting high
standards for oneself and working hard ICT htm#:~:text=An%20adjective%20that%20ends%20
to meet them. in,person%20feels)%20or%20an%20emotion.
Which wristwatches are Swiss wristwatches?

73
B3 Lesson24
http://grammar.yourdictionary.com/parts-of-speech/verbs/phrasal-verb-list.html ICT
Get ready to… tell a story of your own from your youth/childhood using phrasal verbs.
Time to start
࡟࡟ Where did you grow up?
࡟࡟ Did you get into trouble often?
࡟࡟ Have you ever made up stories for your teacher
when you skipped classes or didn't do your homework?
Listen on 22 Growing up!

Was your childhood exciting? Listen to the track and complete the table below.
Shawn was brought up in a small town in the countryside.
Growing up in the countryside wasn't very exciting. He often got into
trouble with his friends as they made up stories that they acted out around
town. One day, as they were coming back from school, they came up with
the brilliant idea that they were pirates looking for treasure. Shawn's best
friend, Derek, said that he made out an enemy ship in the distance. They
all ran for cover, and picked up a number of rocks to use as ammunition
against the ship and they got ready to put their plan in action. When they
were ready to set off on their attack, they slowly went along the path until
they saw their enemy - the postman's truck! The postman was dropping
off a package at Mrs. Clark's house, so they got into his truck. The radio
was on, so they turned down the volume to discuss what they would do
next. They wanted to switch on the engine and get away with the stolen
mail! When they saw the postman running towards them shouting, they all
broke out in nervous laughter, got out of the truck as quickly as they could,
and took off down the road.
Find sentences in the text with the phrasal verbs from the table and write them down.

Verbs Phrasal Verbs Verbs Phrasal Verbs

bring bring up get
grow take
come make
Grammar peek Phrasal Verbs

Phrasal Verbs are idiomatic expressions, combining verbs and prepositions/adverbs to make new
verbs, whose meaning is often not obvious from the definitions of the individual words.
There are no rules that might explain how phrasal verbs are formed correctly, so you should look them
up in a good dictionary and study their meanings.
Examples: look up = consult a reference book, give up = stop doing something
Find five phrasal verbs in the dictionary or the Internet and write sentences of your own using them.

74
Lesson 24 | Where did you grow up?
Word for word

Match the phrasal verbs with their definitions or synonyms.
come up with break out 1. become/get involved 6. create/invent
bring up grow up 2. raise from a child 7. diminish in volume
turn down get away 3. deliver/unload 8. occur suddenly
get into take off 4. become an adult 9. escape
drop off act out 5. perform 10. move forward quickly
Writing practice
Rewrite the sentences using phrasal verbs.
1. He delivered several packages two weeks ago.
2. We got involved in a discussion.
3. Nobody will escape from this building!
4. Have you ever performed in public?
5. Did you invent this?
Team up
Each team has to choose three verbs from the list to come up with as many phrasal verbs as they
can. After the teams write down their phrasal verbs, they check in their dictionary to see if they exist
and what their definitions are. Then they write examples for each of the phrasal verbs.
࡟࡟ take ࡟࡟ bring
࡟࡟ get ࡟࡟ turn
࡟࡟ make ࡟࡟ carry
࡟࡟ put
Discuss memories of your childhood that involved both girls and boys. Do you think that boys and girls Up eak
Sp
together can have the same fun? Why? !
Project Write a letter about your childhood. Use the story about Shawn and the phrasal verbs used in it
as examples. Read your letter aloud. Compare your letter with your classmates'. Write a list of the
phrasal verbs you used in your letter and find a classmate who used the same phrasal verbs. Also
find a classmate who used phrasal verbs that you're not familiar with.
Visit http://guidetogrammar.org/grammar/phrasals.htm
ICT and practice Phrasal Verbs in pairs or groups.
Fred fed Ted bread, and Ted fed Fred bread.

75
B3 Lesson25
Visit https://www.gamestolearnenglish.com/telling-the-time/ and play.
Did you beat the score of any of your classmates?
ICT
Get ready to… tell the time and talk about your daily and school routines using Simple Present
Yes / No questions.
Look and say

Do they play, exercise, eat or study every day?
Yes, he / she does.
No, he / she
doesn't.
Yes, they do.
No, they don't.
Read on It's Time to Go!

What time do you get up? What time do you go to school? Circle all the times in the dialogue and
practice it in pairs. Change the times in the dialogue for the ones you choose.
Andy: What time is it, Paula?
Paula: It's nine twenty.
Andy: Oh, no! I have soccer practice every Saturday at half past nine.
Paula: You have ten minutes left and I have to leave, too. I do yoga at the
gym every day at five past ten.
Andy: Do they have yoga practice on Sundays?
Paula: Yes, they do. It's at eleven fifteen in the morning.
Andy: I take my son to swimming lessons at noon on Sundays.
I guess I can make it to yoga, anyway.
Paula: Hurry up for your soccer practice, Andy! See you later!
Andy: Give me a call, Paula! Bye!
Read and answer

1. What time does Paula have yoga classes?
2. What time does Andy have soccer practice?
3. What time do they have yoga classes on Sundays?
4. What time does Andy take his son to swimming lessons?
Check it out!
in the morning / afternoon / evening at noon / night / midnight at 9 o'clock
on Monday / Tuesday / Wednesday /… noon = 12 p.m. midnight = 12 a.m.
Grammar peek Simple Present - Yes / No questions Check it out!

࡟࡟ Do I / you / we / they go to work every day? midday / noon
࡟࡟ Yes, I / you / we / they do. 12 midday 12:00
࡟࡟ No, I / you / we / they don't. morning

pm
afternoon
࡟࡟ Does he / she / it wake up at 7 a.m.?
࡟࡟ Yes, he / she / it does. sunrise DAY sunset
dawn
࡟࡟ No, he / she / it doesn't.

dusk
6 a.m. 6 p.m.
06:00 18:00
Complete the questions and answers. NIGHT

morning evening
1. she take a bath at 9 o'clock? Yes, she . am
2. they do homework at 5:30 p.m.? No, they . 12 midnight 00:00
3. James get dressed at 11:15 a.m.? Yes, he . midnight
76
Lesson 25 | What time do you wake up?
Word for word The Time

What time is it? What's the time?
Check it out!
It's twenty-five to twelve.
It's eleven thirty-five. You can also ask
about the time
It's ten past six. saying:
It's six ten. Do you have
It's ten to two. the time?
It's a quarter past eight. Could you tell me
It's eight fifteen. It's one fifty.
the time, please?
Do you know
the time?
School subjects
Complete the table with your school schedule.
History English Art Music Science Chemistry Physical education Geography Math Physics
TIME Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
Work in teams
Read what Mark and Vanessa say about their daily routines. With books closed, each member of the
team has to ask questions about their routines. Other members have to give short answers.
Example: Student 1: "Does Vanessa drive to work at 7 a.m.?" Student 2: "Yes, she does."
Student 1: "You're wrong! No, she doesn't."
Vanessa Mark
I drive to work at 8 a.m. I have breakfast at 7:30 a.m.
I practice piano at 2:15 p.m. I have Spanish class at 10:05 a.m.
I watch TV at 8 o'clock. I do homework at 4:45 p.m.
I have lunch at 12:30 p.m. I go to school at 8:15 a.m.
I meet friends at 6:30 p.m. I go home at 3 p.m.
I have dinner at 8:30 p.m. I chat online at 9 p.m.
I go to bed at 11 p.m.
Visit http://esl.fis.edu/grammar/rules/pressimp.htm Read

ICT about the different uses of the Simple Present.
Up eak
Write about your daily / school routine. Find a classmate whose routine is similar.
Sp
Pairwork Write a chart / table that represents your

Ask each other about your daily / school routine. Ask school routine. Write a paragraph about your
about the time. daily routine. Use different time expressions
in your writing. Write about your best friend's
Example: S1 "Do you get up at 6 o'clock in the morning? daily routine in your notebook.
S2 "No, I don't. I get up at 7 a.m."
I slit the sheet, the sheet I slit, and on the slitted sheet I sit.
77
B3 Lesson26
https://www.wired.com/story/10-biggest-tech-bombs-of-the-2010s/ ICT
Get ready to… make predictions and promises using will or won't.
Write and say

Can you predict what you will do next year? Share your ideas with your class.
NEXT YEAR, I WILL …
Read and answer Horoscopes

Read and answer the questions below, using "Yes, he will." or "No, he won't."
Before predicting your luck for the next year, you have to know what zodiac sign you are. Now that you're ready,
let's begin. Capricorn will be in excellent health and will win the lottery. Gemini won't change jobs. Libra will
probably get married, and Pisces will move to a new house. Leo won't have any trouble earning more money, and
Aries will become more creative. Virgo will not sell any properties and Sagittarius will definitely find a new love.
Scorpio will start a new career, and Cancer won't travel far from home. Aquarius will not solve every problem,
and Taurus will be lucky at everything.
1. Will Aries become less creative?

2. Will Scorpio start a new career?
3. Will Capricorn be in excellent health?
4. Will Gemini change jobs?
5. Will Libra get divorced?
Word for word Zodiac Signs

What sign are you?
Make predictions for each sign with a partner.
78
Lesson 26 | What will happen next year?
Writing practice
Predict your future. Complete the table.
I'm sure I will… I probably will… I definitely won't… maybe I won't…
In the next two

months,
This week,
Today,
In the next ten

years,
Grammar peek Simple Future with will for Promises and Predictions
We use will to express a prediction or a promise. In the negative form we use will not – the
contraction is won't.
Examples: Will you write to me often? Of course I will.
Work in teams
Make predictions about yourself or your friends using these time expressions.
࡟࡟ this Sunday
࡟࡟ next week
࡟࡟ next month
࡟࡟ this month
࡟࡟ next year
࡟࡟ tonight
࡟࡟ in ten days
Pairwork
Say some promises you made or heard.
For example: I will call you every day. I'll go the party, don't worry.
Do you always keep your promises?
Visit https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/simple-future-
ICT exercise-1.html to practice the Simple Future.
Make predictions for your friends. Ask them if they think those predictions will come true or not.
Up eak
Example: S
1: Anna, I think you will pass the test tomorrow. S2: I don't think I will. I didn't study at all.
Sp
S1: Ricky, you won't come to my party. S2: You are wrong! I'll come to your party.
A skunk sat on a stump and thunk the stump stunk, but the stump thunk the skunk stunk.
79
B3 Lesson27
https://www.ecenglish.com/learnenglish/lessons/past-simple-vs-past-continuous ICT
Get ready to… use the Simple Past or Past Continuous to talk about the history of holidays. Talk about
the history of different holidays.
Read on History of a Famous Holiday

Read the text. What holiday is the teacher talking about? Do you know anything about it? Do you
celebrate it with your family / in your country? Read again and answer the questions. Then, complete
the sentences below.
Easter was originally a pagan festival. Imagine how the tribes were celebrating the return of spring,
commemorating their goddess of springtime, called Éostre, when Christian missionaries arrived at the village
and made their first attempts to convert pagans to Christianity. The missionaries decided to spread their dogma
slowly throughout the populations by allowing them to continue to celebrate pagan feasts.
Prior to 325 A.D., Easter was celebrated on different days of the week, including Friday, Saturday and Sunday.
During the reign of the emperor Constantine, the Easter Rule was issued. This stated that Easter would be
celebrated on the first Sunday that occurred after the first full moon on or after the vernal equinox. Therefore,
Easter must be celebrated on a Sunday between the dates of March 22nd and April 25th. The Easter Bunny
is not a modern invention. The symbol originated with the pagan festival of Eastre. The goddess, Éostre, was
worshipped by the Anglo-Saxons through her earthly symbol, the rabbit. The Germans brought the symbol of
the Easter rabbit to America. The Easter Egg predates the holiday of Easter. People were exchanging eggs in the
springtime as a custom for centuries. From the earliest times, the egg was a symbol of birth in most cultures.
Imagine how people were wrapping eggs in gold leaves or, if they were peasants, coloring them brightly by
boiling them with the leaves or petals of flowers.
Today, children hunt for colored eggs and place them in Easter baskets along with the modern version of real
Easter eggs – those made of plastic or chocolate candy.
1. W as Easter originally a pagan festival?

2. What were the early Druids and Europeans celebrating when the Christian missionaries arrived?

3. When was the Easter rule issued?

4. Who brought the symbol of the Easter rabbit to America?

5. How do people make Easter Eggs?

a. The Greeks the return of spring.
b. Éostre the goddess of Spring.
c. The missionaries to spread Christianity slowly.
d. People eggs in springtime as a custom for centuries.
e. People eggs in gold leaves.
Word for word

Find definitions for these words or phrases and write them down. Then, use them to write sentences
in your notebook.
commemorate =
worship =
Druid =
immigrated =
missionary =
80
Lesson 27 | How did they celebrate?
Grammar peek Simple Past vs. Past Continuous

We use the Simple Past for actions that happened in the past and are over.
We use the Past Continuous for actions that were in progress at a specific point in the past, or when
we focus on actions that continued for a certain time in the past.
Examples: They went fishing last week. (Past Simple)
At 10 a.m. yesterday, James was playing soccer. His sister was studying. (Past Continuous)
Read the text again and complete the table with four sentences in the Past Simple and four in
the Past Continuous.
Simple Past Past Continuous
Read and speak Interesting Facts About Holidays

Read the dialogues and practice them in pairs. Act them out using different places / activities /
holidays / traditions. Use the Simple Past or Past Continuous in your sentences.
Dan: Was Mother's Day celebrated in the 19th century?

Kim: No, it wasn't. It wasn't celebrated in the U.S. until 1908, although
there were special days when people honored their mothers, even
in the days of ancient Greece.
Dan: Who began the campaign to establish a national Mother's Day?
Kim: Ana Jarvis persuaded her mother's church to celebrate Mother's Day
on the anniversary of her mother's death.
Pam: How did the tradition of sending cards on Valentine's day begin?
Tom: Charles, Duke of Orleans, was imprisoned in the Tower of London at
the time. He sent his wife letters every day, and in 1415, he sent her
the first true Valentine card.
Pam: What about Cupid? How did it become a symbol of the holiday?
Tom: Romans worshiped Venus, the Roman goddess of love and beauty,
for centuries. Cupid was her son.
Read about the history and traditions of different holidays on www.holidays.net

ICT Click on a holiday, read and write a paragraph about it. Read it to your classmates.
Answer and discuss these questions with your classmates:

� What is the last holiday you had?
Up eak
� What were you doing that day in the evening?

Sp
� What did you do?

� What traditions do you follow for a holiday?
Lesser leather never weathered wetter weather better.

81
B3 Lesson28
Visit http://eslgamesworld.com/members/games/grammar/perfectpast/spin%20wheel%20present%20 ICT
past%20tenses.html and play the game. What was your score?
Get ready to… talk about things you have never done in your life. Use the Present Perfect to talk about
experiences and accomplishments.
Read and complete

Read Marla's letter and complete it with the correct form of the verbs.
How many interesting experiences has Marla had in China?
Hi Mike!
I'm so excited to tell you about my trip to Beijing. It was incredible, and there are so many new things I've (see)
. I've (see) an amazing acrobatic show and tried the famous Peking Duck. I
took a bus tour and I've seen the Great Wall of China. I've (visit) the largest temple in China, the
Temple of Heaven. I've (attend) a tea ceremony and had a traditional Chinese lunch at Prince
Gong's mansion. I've (take) a tour of the old and narrow streets of Beijing by rickshaw. I've also
(visit) the home of a real Chinese family and finally, I've (climb) to the top of
an old drum tower.
I wish I could tell you more, but it's just so overwhelming!
I'm sending you some photos I took there.
Marla
Check it out!
Rickshaw = a small, covered 2-wheeled vehicle, usually for one passenger, that is pulled by one man.
Up eak
Put the photos Marla sent to Mike in order and talk about her trip to China according to these pictures.
Sp

Writing practice
Correct the mistakes in these sentences.
1. M arla hasn't see the Great Wall of China. 3. M arla have climbed to the top of the tower.

2. Marla has visit the largest temple in China. 4. Marla hasn't take a tour by rickshaw.

Grammar peek Present Perfect (Revision & Expansion)

It's formed with have + verb in Past Participle.
We use the Present Perfect to talk about:
࡟࡟ Unspecified time before now. e.g. I have cleaned the house.
࡟࡟ Experience. e.g. He has never been to China.
࡟࡟ Change over time. e.g. She has learned English since she moved to the U.S.A.
࡟࡟ Accomplishments. e.g. Men have built a space station.
82
Lesson 28 | What have you never done?
Read and circle My Bucket List

Read and circle True or False.
James: Have you ever seen the movie, The Bucket List?
Samuel: Oh yes, I have. I loved it. Are you planning to make your "bucket list"?
James: Well, I've already made one.
Samuel: Wow! You're such an adventurous person. I wonder what you have never done in your life.
James: Well, I have never touched a dolphin and I've never been to Alaska.
Samuel: That is funny! I have done that! What else?
James: I've never made a clay pot and I have never learned a foreign language.
Samuel: I speak French but I haven't made anything out of clay.
James: Have you ever raced?
Samuel: No, I haven't. I guess it goes onto my "bucket list". Have you raced a car?
James: I've raced cars, I've skydived, and I've swum with sharks.
Samuel: I'm sure my list will be longer than yours.
1. Samuel has learnt a foreign language. True False

2. James has never raced a car. True False
3. James has never touched a dolphin. True False
4. Samuel has been to Alaska. True False
5. Samuel has made a clay pot. True False
6. James has never swum with sharks. True False
Make a list of the things you have never done in your life. Compare it with your classmates.
Up eak
Tell them which of those things you would like to do. Find the classmate whose list is the most
Sp
!
interesting or funny.
Reading and writing practice

This is a short review of the movie "The Bucket List".
Read what the two men had on their list and write sentences using the Present Perfect.
Two terminally ill men try to fulfill a wish list (things they want to accomplish in their lifetime) known as "The
Bucket List" before each one dies (kicks the bucket). After they break out of a cancer ward, they go on a road trip
with an itinerary that includes racing cars, eating giant plates of caviar and slinging poker chips in Monte Carlo.
࡟࡟ h elp a complete stranger for the good of it

They have never helped a complete stranger for the good of it.
࡟࡟ laugh until I cry

࡟࡟ kiss the most beautiful girl in the world

࡟࡟ race cars

࡟࡟ travel to Tibet

Project Read the article on http://personalexcellence.co/blog/bucket-list/

Read the questions and comments to create your bucket list. Prepare a formal
presentation of your list for your classmates.
Of all the vids I’ve ever viewed, I’ve never viewed a vid as valued as Alex’s engVid vid.
83
Graphic Organizer
84
Attitude
CRITERIA
5 4 3 2 POINTS
Student
Student
always class but is
more than more than
on time. every two
weeks.
two weeks.
Student is
Student is
proactive and
proactive and
contributes
questions
once
than once
per class.
per class.

Student rarely
engages in
Behavior disruptive
behavior
during class.

Preparation
Student stands
Presentations
presentation.
TOTAL:
85
Week/Month

CRITERIA
5 4 3 2 POINTS

Speaking -
Student uses
Student needs
to use more
precise and
accurate words
vocabulary;
to create a clear
message.
inappropriately.
Student is able
to communicate,
ask and answer
no difficulty.
Student has
Student uses
little or no
a limited range
Accuracy almost all
verb tenses;
impede
to express
communication.
meaning.
Student is
unable to
understand
what is said
or read.
Student uses
Student needs
to use more
accurate words
words may
to create a clear
message.
inappropriately.
Student uses
meaning. meaning.
meaning.
TOTAL:
86


5 4 3 2 1
1 2 3 Me
Name: Date:
Knowing
Doing
Being
Participation
Integration
Learning effort

87
BLOCK 1
Have You Ever...?
Grammar Reference
Present Perfect
Form: has / have + past participle
࡟࡟ We use the Present Perfect to say that an action happened at an unspecified time before now.
He has met celebrities many times.
࡟࡟ We can use the Present Perfect to describe our experiences.
I've never been to France, but I've been to Canada and Japan.
࡟࡟ We often use the Present Perfect to talk about change that has happened over a period of time.
Your English has improved so much since I saw you last summer.
࡟࡟ We often use the Present Perfect to list the accomplishments of individuals and humanity in general.
Doctors have learned to cure cancer.
࡟࡟ We often use the Present Perfect to say that an action that we expected to happen has not happened.
She hasn't finished her homework yet.
࡟࡟ We also use the Present Perfect to talk about actions which have occurred in the past at
different times.
I've helped Jim several times over the past five years.
࡟࡟ With Non-Continuous Verbs and non-continuous uses of Mixed Verbs, we use the Present Perfect
to show that something started in the past and has continued until now.
We have been in Japan for 2 months.
Signal Words
Present Perfect Simple Past
just yesterday
already ...ago
up to now in 1990
until now / till now the other day
ever last...
(not) yet
so far
lately / recently
Examples:
I've seen this movie many times. I saw this movie last week.
Have you seen this movie many times? Did you see this movie last week?
Yes, I have. No, I haven't. Yes, I did. No, I didn't.
They've already played tennis. VS. They played tennis an hour ago.
Have they already played tennis? Did they play tennis an hour ago?
Yes, they have. No, they haven't. Yes, they did. No, they didn't.
They haven't played tennis yet. They didn't play tennis an hour ago.
Who has seen this movie many times? Who saw this movie an hour ago?
Who has already played tennis? Who played tennis an hour ago?
88
BLOCK 2 Put Off or Put Away?
Grammar Reference
Tag Questions
Affirmative sentences, with negative tags Negative sentences, with positive tags
Simple present 'be' She's Italian, isn't she? Simple present 'be' We aren't late, are we?
Simple present They live in London, Simple present She doesn't have any
other verbs don't they? other verbs children, does she?
We're working The bus isn't coming,
Present continuous Present continuous
tomorrow, aren't we? is it?
It was cold yesterday, She wasn't at home
Simple past 'be' Simple past 'be'
wasn't it? yesterday, was she?
Simple past He went to the party Simple past They didn't go out last
other verbs last night, didn't he? other verbs Sunday, did they?
We were waiting at the You weren't sleeping,
Past continuous Past continuous
station, weren't we? were you?
They've been to She hasn't eaten all
Present perfect Present perfect
Japan, haven't they? the cake, has she?
She's been studying Present perfect He hasn't been running
Present perfect
a lot recently, hasn't continuous in this weather, has he?
continuous
she?
We hadn't been to
Past perfect
He had forgotten his London before, had we?
Past perfect
wallet, hadn't he?
Past perfect You hadn't been
Past perfect We'd been working, continuous sleeping, had you?
continuous hadn't we?
They won't be late, will
Simple future
She'll come at six, they?
Simple future
won't she?
He'll be studying
Future continuous
They'll be arriving tonight, won't he?
Future continuous
soon, won't they?
She won't have left
They'll have finished Future perfect work before six, will
Future perfect before nine, won't she?
they?
He won't have been
Future perfect
She'll have been travelling all day, will
Future perfect continuous
cooking all day, won't he?
continuous
she?
She can't speak
Modals
Modals He can help, can't he? Arabic, can she?
John must stay, They mustn't come
Modals Modals
mustn't he? early, must they?
89
BLOCK 3
Have You Had a Lot of Experiences?
Grammar Reference
Modals of Speculation
We can use modals to speculate in English. The modals for speculation are:
must, could, may, may not, might, might not, can't, and couldn't
We can classify these modals of speculation into 3 categories. We categorize them by how certain
we are.
1. If we are very certain that something is true (95%-99%), we use must. For example:
࡟࡟ The dog must have eaten the meat! (past tense certainty: modal + have + past participle)
࡟࡟ Whoever it was must be a meat lover. (present tense certainty: modal + verb)
2. If we are talking about things we believe are possible (30%-50%) we use could, may, may not,
might, and might not. For example:
࡟࡟ Anyone could have taken the meat. (past tense possibility: modal + have + past participle)
࡟࡟ It may have been him, but he seems to prefer cookies. (past tense possibility: modal + have +
past participle)
࡟࡟ So, I guess, it might not have been him. (past tense negative possibility: modal + not + have +
past participle)
3. If we are very certain that something is impossible, we use can't or couldn't. For example:
࡟࡟ hat can't be right. The witness said the suspect was average size, and he's very tall. (present
T
tense impossibility: modal + not + verb)
࡟࡟ And it can't have been this guy. He's a vegetarian! (past tense impossibility: modal + not + have
+ past participle)
REMEMBER:
Can't and couldn't are both present and past! Past Modals of Speculation change tense by adding
either the bare infinitive OR have + past participle. Therefore could is not necessarily past, and can't is
not necessarily present.
90
The Irregular Verb List
Base Form Simple Past Past Participle Base Form Simple Past Past Participle
Awake Awoke Awoken Light Lit Lit
Be Was / Were Been Lose Lost Lost
Bear Bore Born / Borne Make Made Made
Beat Beat Beaten Mean Meant Meant
Become Became Become Meet Met Met
Begin Began Begun Melt Melted Molten / Melted
Behold Beheld Beheld Mislead Misled Misled
Bend Bent Bent Mistake Mistook Mistaken
Bet Bet Bet Misunderstand Misunderstood Misunderstood
Bring Brought Brought Pay Paid Paid
Broadcast Broadcast / Broadcasted Broadcast / Broadcasted Preset Preset Preset
Build Built Built Prove Proved Proven / Proved
Burn Burnt / Burned Burnt / Burned Put Put Put
Burst Burst Burst Read Read Read
Bust Bust Bust Rid Rid / Ridded Rid / Ridded
Buy Bought Bought Ride Rode Ridden
Cast Cast Cast Ring Rang Rung
Catch Caught Caught Rise Rose Risen
Choose Chose Chosen Run Ran Run
Clap Clapped / Clapt Clapped / Clapt Saw Sawed Sawn / Sawed
Cling Clung Clung Say Said Said
Clothe Clad / Clothed Clad / Clothed See Saw Seen
Come Came Come Seek Sought Sought
Cost Cost Cost Sell Sold Sold
Creep Crept Crept Send Sent Sent
Cut Cut Cut Set Set Set
Dare Dared / Durst Dared Sew Sewed Sewn / Sewed
Deal Dealt Dealt Shake Shook Shaken
Dig Dug Dug Shave Shaved Shaven / Shaved
Dive Dived / Dove Dived Shear Shore / Sheared Shorn / Sheared
Do Did Done Shed Shed Shed
Draw Drew Drawn Shine Shone Shone
Dream Dreamt / Dreamed Dreamt / Dreamed Shoe Shod Shod
Drink Drank Drunk Shoot Shot Shot
Drive Drove Driven Show Showed Shown
Eat Ate Eaten Shut Shut Shut
Fall Fell Fallen Sing Sang Sung
Feed Fed Fed Sink Sank Sunk
Feel Felt Felt Sit Sat Sat
Fight Fought Fought Slay Slew Slain
Find Found Found Sleep Slept Slept
Fit Fit / Fitted Fit / Fitted Smell Smelt / Smelled Smelt / Smelled
Flee Fled Fled Sneak Sneaked / Snuck Sneaked / Snuck
Fling Flung Flung Soothsay Soothsaid Soothsaid
Fly Flew Flown Sow Sowed Sown
Forbid Forbade / Forbad Forbidden Speak Spoke Spoken
Forecast Forecast / Forecasted Forecast / Forecasted Speed Sped / Speeded Sped / Speeded
Foresee Foresaw Foreseen Spell Spelt / Spelled Spelt / Spelled
Foretell Foretold Foretold Spend Spent Spent
Forget Forgot Forgotten Spread Spread Spread
Forgive Forgave Forgiven Spring Sprang Sprung
Forsake Forsook Forsaken Stand Stood Stood
Freeze Froze Frozen Steal Stole Stolen
Get Got Got / Gotten Stick Stuck Stuck
Give Gave Given Sting Stung Stung
Go Went Gone / Been Sweep Swept / Sweeped Swept / Sweeped
Grow Grew Grown Swell Swelled Swollen
Handwrite Handwrote Handwritten Swim Swam Swum
Hang Hung / Hanged Hung / Hanged Swing Swung Swung
Have Had Had Take Took Taken
Hear Heard Heard Teach Taught Taught
Hide Hid Hidden Tear Tore Torn
Hit Hit Hit Tell Told Told
Hold Held Held Think Thought Thought
Hurt Hurt Hurt Throw Threw Thrown
Keep Kept Kept Understand Understood Understood
Kneel Knelt / Kneeled Knelt / Kneeled Undertake Undertook Undertaken
Knit Knit / Knitted Knit / Knitted Wake Woke Woken
Know Knew Known Wear Wore Worn
Learn Learnt / Learned Learnt / Learned Withdraw Withdrew Withdrawn
Leave Left Left Withhold Withheld Withheld
Lend Lent Lent Withstand Withstood Withstood
Let Let Let Wring Wrung Wrung
Lie Lay Lain Write Wrote Written
91
Audio Scripts
1 Ronaldo Has Never Given Up! 4 Job Interviews
Christiano Ronaldo is only 28 years old and he's already Diana: G ood afternoon. I'm Diana Oliva.
become the best soccer player of the year twice. Whichever Interviewer: H ow do you do, Diana? Nice to meet you. Let's
club he has played for, it has always won the most important begin, shall we?
matches. Many times Christiano has dealt with controversies Diana: O f course.
regarding his transfer. He has already chosen to stay in Real Interviewer: W here have you studied graphic design?
Madrid. In several interviews, he has stressed to the public Diana: I've studied in Phelps Technology School.
that he has no intention of leaving the club. He's a very Interviewer: H ere it says you have worked in STM
family oriented person and he has already contributed to International. How long have you
projects that have supported the building of sport centers worked there?
for underprivileged children. Cristiano is an avid learner and Diana: F or about three and a half years.
he takes interest in learning new things every day. Among Interviewer: H ave you worked anywhere else since
Cristiano's biggest pet peeves are smoking and people who you graduated?
don't make an effort to achieve their goals. Diana: N o, I haven't had enough job experience to look
He has auctioned many of his things to raise funds for charity for a better position.
foundations. Christiano has never given up and he likes to say Interviewer: T hat's all right. I understand.
that failure is never an option when he wants to win. Diana: It's very nice of you to say that.
Jim: I appreciate your meeting with me.
2 Have you Lost your Dog? Interviewer: Y ou're welcome. Have you already seen our
Louise: W hy are you crying, Ellyn? facility?
Ellyn: I've lost my dog. Jim: Yes, I have. And I've researched the company
Louise: W hen did you lose it? for about 2 months.
Ellyn: I haven't seen it since this morning. You remember Interviewer: T hat's impressive. How long have you looked for
my dog, Morris? It's a puppy. It's dark brown but a new job?
its two front paws are light brown. It has a red collar Jim: Since last year. I've tried to find something
with the name "Morris" on it. interesting and well-paid.
Louise: H ave you checked your yard? Interviewer: I hope you know that we don't put new
Ellyn: Y es, I have. employees on the payroll for the first
Louise: H ave you created flyers with a photo of your dog? 6 months.
Ellyn: N o, I haven't. Could you help me, please? Jim: I'm aware of that.
Louise: O f course. We'll offer a reward and distribute the Interviewer: H ave you considered all the pros and cons of
flyers door-to-door in at least a three-block radius, accepting this job?
and we'll also post them in store windows and Jim: Since the moment I sent my rèsumé, I've
on telephone poles. Have you called all the local decided to do my best to get a position within
veterinarians? this company.
Ellyn: N o, I haven't. I didn't think it would help.
Louise: It is possible that somebody has brought your dog in 5 Safe?
with injuries. Parasailing is considered a safe activity which is practiced in
Ellyn: T hat's a great idea! I'll bring everything to the southern states of our country. Ridley Coastguard Agency
create the flyers. has banned a 6 year old boy from parasailing alone on his
Thank you so much, Louise. father's boat. Mike Kinsley is only 6 years old and has already
parasailed about twenty times.
3 The Big Blue March The boy's father, Jake Kinsley, has asked for a local child
Interviewer: T oday on our radio show we have a special protection agency's support. A week ago, Ridley Coastguard
guest, David Ronson. He's a Greenpeace activist Agency sent a letter warning Mr. Kinsley that he might have to
who has recently organized the Big Blue March. pay a big fine if he allows his child to practice parasailing alone.
So, David, my first question is: Have you ever
organized the Big Blue March before? 6 Who has ever...?
David: Y
es, we have. But this time we have planned it Linda: Have you ever taken anything from a shop without
better, and the march has taken place in more paying?
than 50 cities around the world. That has never Paul: O h, you mean shoplifting? No, I have never done that.
happened before. Linda: Come on! I've just seen a kid shoplifting some toys
Interviewer: So, tell our listeners: What's your reason for from the supermarket. Didn't you do it when you were a
doing it? child?
David: W
ell, people have gone out to the streets calling Don't be shy!
for an end to commercial whaling. Paul: W ell, let me tell you about my brother. When he was
Interviewer: T his march has impressed many all over the four, he used to steal toys from the store. He would
world. hide them under his shirt. I guess he thought no one
David: T
hat is true! After the march in Copenhagen, would notice. One time, my Dad made him go back
the Dutch government has decided to create a to the store and confess that he had taken a toy. So
sanctuary for whales. my brother went to the shopkeeper and said, "I've just
Interviewer: T hat's impressive! Congratulations on your stolen a toy. I haven't played with it yet. I'm very sorry."
dedication to this issue. He was crying and promised not to do it again.
92
Linda: T
his is a funny story. Your brother is a doctor now, forward any proposals to improve the crediting
isn't he? I hope he hasn't shoplifted situation?
since then. Catherine: I've teamed up with some of my colleagues to offer new
Paul: T he stores have already installed so many cameras solutions for the problem since last year. Unfortunately
and different detectors to prevent shoplifting, but Mr. Saiatzu has turned them all down. He's put off
people keep stealing and several important board meetings since several of the
I think it's disgusting. I can't imagine myself being most important providers demanded refunds.
caught shoplifting. It would be the most embarrassing Employer: S
o you have decided to give up on the company
thing ever. since it got into trouble.
Catherine: I know it seems like I'm running away from the
7 If Only… sinking ship, but I haven't put up with the current
Caroline: I appreciate you meeting me, Mr. Clark. policy of the DKL for the last two years.
Mr. Clark: M y pleasure, Caroline. Have you already seen Employer: O
k, Catherine. Thank you for coming.
our new facilities? I have to think it over before I make a
Caroline: Yes, I have. I'm very impressed. I've also done final decision.
research about the company since I received the Catherine: Thank you very much.
call from your office last month.
Mr. Clark: H ow long have you been unemployed? 9 100 Ways to Save the Planet
Caroline: For a year. It hasn't been easy. Everywhere I'm Radio host: Today on our radio show, I'm happy to welcome
asked for five years of work experience, but I Geoffrey Paver. He's the author of the book "100
graduated a year ago. Ways to Save the Planet". I've always wanted to
Mr. Clark: I understand. Are you aware that we ask you, Geoffrey, what have you been doing to
don't pay new employees for the first save the planet? And I mean when you're in your
three months? car, for example.
Caroline: I'm aware of that. But, will I be included in the Geoffrey: I have been traveling more by my subway than
payroll in three months? by car since pollution became so bad. I've been
Mr. Clark: Y es, you will. I'd like you to consider all pros and eating lunch in my office instead of going out for
cons of taking this decision. five years now.
Caroline: I've made up my mind to work in your company Radio host: That is great! And what about shopping? Haven't
since I sent my résumé six you bought anything since you wrote your book?
months ago. Geoffrey: I've been shopping online ever since I could use
Mr. Clark: W ell, Caroline, then welcome aboard. the Internet.
Radio host: And what about emergencies?
Christian: G ood afternoon, Ms. Townsend. Geoffrey: W ell, there is not much I can do about
Ms. Townsend: You're a little late, Christian. Are you emergencies, but my wife and I have been
normally punctual? combining several small trips in one for many
Christian: I'm so sorry. The traffic has been awful these years now.
days. Radio host: Thank you, Geoffrey. I believe we can all
Ms. Townsend: Where have you studied contribute to saving our planet.
graphic design?
Christian: I've studied at Herzing College 10 Good Advice!
in Montreal. Anne: I need your advice, Ross. I don't think I'm good at saving
Ms. Townsend: How long have you studied there? money. I think about the future and I want to have some
Christian: S ince 2002. savings by the time I'm 30.
Ms. Townsend: It says in your resume that you've worked Ross: You will have saved a lot of money by the time you're
in GLC International. How long have you thirty if you follow my advice.
worked there? Anne: I'm all ears.
Christian: F or two years. Ross: First of all you'll have to create a budget which will help
Ms. Townsend: Have you worked anywhere else since you you determine how much money you spend.
graduated in 2007? Anne: H ow do I do that?
Christian: N o, I haven't. Ross: You will need to track your expenses. By the end of
Ms. Townsend: I don't think you have enough job the month, you'll have determined an estimate of your
experience for this position, Christian, but spending habits.
we'll give you a call as soon as something Anne: W ill I have to write down every dollar I spend?
comes up. Ross: Of course. I'll give you a budget sheet that you'll use to
Christian: I appreciate you meeting me, anyway. track your spending. You'll have to keep your receipts
and write all your expenses on the sheet. By the end
8 Job Interview of the week, you'll have gathered a pile of receipts and
Employer: I've analyzed your job résumé and have some notes. So I advise you to categorize your expenses into
questions for you. fixed and variable.
Catherine: Yes. Anne: I'll have to be very careful with my variable expenses,
Employer: Have you carried out any important financial won't I?
projects at work? Ross: You're right! After you track your expenses, you'll be
Catherine: I certainly have. I've worked at DKL International able to set up an estimate of your budget. It's just the
since 2003 and I've been in charge of financial beginning and later, I'll give you some tips to help you
administration for the last 2 years. save. See you next week.
Employer: I've heard the company has had problems Anne: I'll have completed the budget sheet before I see you
crediting new clients. Have you put next Saturday. Thank you so much, Ross.
93
11 What Countries Are Eco-friendly? Meg: I feel like screaming from excitement and I talk about
How can we define the most eco-friendly nations in the getting married all the time. But my mother insists on
world? We can do it by adding up some factors such as a following so many wedding customs and superstitions.
country's environmental health, air pollution, water resources Olga: W hat do you mean?
and productive natural resources. Norway earns a high spot Meg: It turns out there are so many customs and
for being first home to the world's largest solar production superstitions associated with weddings. I wanted to
plant. They have also taken emissions seriously. They brought get used to writing my new name, but she told me that
off a successful campaign of becoming carbon neutral by I was tempting fate and it is thought to bring bad luck.
2030, in major part by funding green projects and reducing Olga: W ow! What else can bring bad luck?
at home driving and flying. Sweden's mandate for a country Meg: I dreamed of marrying in May, but we'll marry in June,
free of fossil fuels by 2020 deserves admiration. The majority because apparently May is considered an unlucky
of the country's power is either nuclear or hydroelectric month to marry.
already. Solutions for automobile and flight transportation Olga: G ood to know! What about "something old" and
which include ethanol and animal waste conversion, are "something new"? Is that true?
coming along rapidly. Thanks in major part to Switzerland's Meg: I should get something old, something new, something
tough legislation regarding pollution, they made it to number borrowed and something blue.
one on the world's most eco-friendly nations. Their long- Olga: W ell, that's not hard. What about your dress?
term plans target cooperation between organizations and Meg: My mother warned me against avoiding some of the
individuals. Individual awareness is also a factor, since customs. She says it's a bad luck not to wear a veil,
Switzerland charges for their water and waste management but I definitely won't. I've always wanted to carry a
services and pushes for personal responsibility and recycling. bouquet of white and red roses, but my mother-in-
Finland fights off industrialization with its initiative to clean law turned out to be superstitious too and told me
up water and air quality in industrial areas as well as land that a combination of red and white flowers has to be
preservation. What's more is that Finland's forests are now avoided because they stand for blood and bandages.
growing at a greater rate than they are being deforested. Olga: I didn't know that. The groom mustn't see your
Austria's environmental conservation measures have gone wedding dress before the ceremony, right?
over with all levels of government, from federal to municipal Meg: Of course. And we'll have to cut the cake together.
authorities. Waste disposal especially is a highly regulated And we'll be showered with rice and petals. And I'll be
department encompassing everything from individual waste carried by Rob over the threshold when we enter our
to cooperate chemical, air and agricultural pesticide pollution. new home.
Water quality, however, is the highest priority. The quality level Olga: Y ou know, Meg. I don't want you to worry about
for Austria's lakes, rivers and tap water is one of the highest following all the customs and superstitions. Just think
in the world. of yourself walking down the aisle in a beautiful white
dress looking like an angel.
12 I'm Doing It Right, Aren't I?
Mother: W hat are we going to cook for 14 To Accept or not to Accept…
Christmas, Hailey? Silvia: Y ou know Mark, I have a job offer, but I don't know
Hailey: L et's cook gingerbread cookies, shall we? whether to accept it or not. I'm quite worried.
Mother: W e cooked gingerbread cookies last year, Mark: Before you accept it, you need to ask yourself some
didn't we? very important questions.
Hailey: O h, Mom, come on! This time I'll make it on my Silvia: L ike what?
own. You'll guide me, won't you? Mark: W ell, first of all, have you been offered a fair salary?
Mother: O f course I will. All right. We need four cups of Did you find out what others in your field are making?
sifted flour, four teaspoons of unsalted butter, Silvia: I actually did. I guess the salary is fair. What else?
two cups of dark brown sugar, one tablespoon of Mark: D oes your potential boss seem like someone you can
ground ginger, ground cinnamon, ground nutmeg, have a good working relationship with?
black pepper, salt, one large egg and chocolate Silvia: I don't expect us to be best buddies, but he seems nice.
chips to decorate. Mark: T hat's great! But the most important question is: can
Hailey: Y ou always cream the butter, add sugar and beat you handle the commute?
until fluffy, don't you? Silvia: I'll have to drive 20 minutes to work. I think I can
Mother: T hat's right. Don't forget to divide the dough into handle it.
thirds. We have a stencil, don't we? Mark: I just hope you'll have amiable relationships with
Hailey: W hat do we need it for? your coworkers and feel comfortable in the office
Mother: Y ou'll place a stencil over the dough and use a knife environment. But that, you'll find out when you work
to cut it into shapes. there.
Hailey: I should grease the baking sheet, shouldn't I? Silvia: So you think I should accept it?
Mother: N o, you shouldn't. Let's transfer your man-shaped Mark: If you trust your instincts, then accept it and good
dough to ungreased baking sheets, shall we? You luck!
can bake until crisp, but not darkened, from 8 to 10
minutes. Then you'll remove them from the oven. 15 Guess What My Job Is!
Hailey: I have to use a metal spatula to transfer the cookies Fernando: Erica, what do you do?
to a wire rack to cool completely, don't I? Erica: Y
ou don't remember what my job is? I have told
Mother: Y ou remembered almost everything, Hailey! Good you a million times!
job! My boyfriend doesn't remember what I do,
either. I can't believe it!
13 Who Doesn't Dream of Getting Married? Fernando: Well, I'm sorry. I know it's something about
Olga: I'm looking forward to your wedding, Meg! It's so hospitals and medicine. You are either a nurse or
exciting! a doctor. Am I right?
94
Erica: N either. I'll describe my job duties to you. You Paparazzo 1: I don't think so. She could have been his
have to guess what my job is. Okay? daughter, Kimberly.
Fernando: Deal. Paparazzo 2: Well, I took some photos of Will Smith. He may
Erica: A ll right! First of all I am responsible for data have gone out with his family.
entry. I credit patients' accounts and also update Paparazzo 1: Is it Beyoncé? Who is by her side?
patient information. Paparazzo 2: She might have been her mother. And is it her
Fernando: Oh, I know! No, wait a minute; I forgot what this husband on the left?
job is called. Tell me a bit more, please. Paparazzo 1: He could have been her bodyguard. I can't see
Erica: W ell, I often mail bills to patients. his face on this photo.
Fernando: I remember. You are a medical biller. Am I right? Paparazzo 2: Look at that woman in the black limousine. She
Erica: It was easy to guess after I said the word "bill". looks like Madonna.
Now tell me about your job, would you? I can't Paparazzo 1: She couldn't have been Madonna. She's in
recall it either. Europe, on tour.
16 High School Reunion 19 I Must Have Been in Love

Andy: Have you ever been to China? I must have been in love
Tania: N
o, I haven't. But I went to Korea last summer.
But you didn't see it
Andy: How interesting! Did you like it?
Tania: Y
es, a lot. I have never tried such an unusual I must have tried my best
cuisine. But you didn't feel it
Donna: Have you ever practiced pranayama? We must have made mistakes
Tim: Is it like Tai Chi? But we didn't learn
Donna: It's different. I started two months ago. We must have been together
Tim: Did you like it?
But I have been alone..., alone..., alone...
Donna: Yes, I did. I have learned to breathe correctly.
Tim: Can you teach me? 20 I Shouldn't Have...
Carla: Have you ever met any celebrities? Mary: Y ou've been around the world. What are the most
Kate: No, I haven't. But my Dad met Julio Iglesias once. interesting customs or traditions you've observed?
Carla: And what did he do? Carl: Well, I remember in Japan the guide who met me at the
Kate: He asked him to take a photo together. airport didn't like how I greeted him.
Carla: Do you have it? May I see it? Mary: W hy? What did you do wrong?
Sonia: Have you ever tried jackfruit? Carl: I shouldn't have hugged him. Touching is taboo in Japan.
Kim: No. What is it? Mary: H ow interesting! I know you've traveled to Greece.
Sonia: It's a very delicious fruit I tried in Cancun. Carl: I was invited to a Greek home once. I should have
Kim: How did it taste? brought flowers or chocolate for the host.
Sonia: It tasted like mango and gummy bears. I didn't know that and was quite embarrassed.
Paul: Have you seen Jane? Mary: H ow about your birthday? You were in Brazil as I
Ella: No, why? remember.
Paul: I didn't recognize her. She has lost so much weight. Carl: Oh, right! I shouldn't have told anybody about my
Ella: Wow! How did she do that? birthday. One girl asked me about my age and pulled
Paul: I think she has been on a diet for a year. my ear thirty-two times. It wasn't pleasant at all.
Ella: Excuse me. I'll go look for her. Mary: A ny tradition that you liked the most?
Dan: When I studied in Rome, I learned Italian. Carl: Of course. There was one, particularly pleasant. I spent
Kim: It's a beautiful language. I have traveled a lot but last Christmas in London. During Christmas vacation, if
didn't learn other languages. a man or a woman find themselves standing under the
Dan: H
ave you at least tried? You know what they say, mistletoe, they're expected to kiss.
"Practice makes perfect." Mary: Y ou should have stood under it then to get a kiss.
Carl: Believe me, I was standing there the entire time.
17 Questions
࡟࡟ What role did the observation of the sky have in 21 At the Circus
prehispanic cultures in Mesoamerica? Hector: A re you watching the juggler?
࡟࡟ What have the studies of architectural alignments Mandy: S ure, I am. It's so exciting. I think he's going to drop
disclosed? the balls. It's amazing!
࡟࡟ What did astronomy intertwine with in Maya Hector: H e's standing on one foot and jumping. Big deal! I
and Aztec societies? could do that.
࡟࡟ What did ancient societies predict using astronomical Mandy: L ook at the acrobat! It looks like he's flying. And the
observations? ring is so high. Isn't it terrifying?
࡟࡟ When was the knowledge possessed by the Hector: T here is a net underneath. I'm not frightened at all.
priests in prehispanic times lost? He's not going to fall down.
Mandy: W ow! Look at the magician! He's going to cut that
girl in half. I'm shocked.
18 Paparazzi Talk Hector: It's a simple trick. That box has some mirrors.
Paparazzo 1: Did you see Rod Stewart yesterday coming Mandy: A ll right! But what about those three girls? They're
out of the restaurant? swinging on a trapeze. That isn't an easy stunt.
Paparazzo 2: Yes, I did. He was with a young blonde Hector: It's true. They're very well trained.
woman. She might have been his wife. Mandy: It must be exhausting. This circus act is so amusing.
You seem bored, Hector.
95
Hector: I like circus acts with animals. I think it's much more they were pirates looking for treasure. Shawn's best friend,
interesting. Derek, said that he made out an enemy ship in the distance.
Mandy: D o you know how they train animals to perform They all ran for cover, and picked up a number of rocks to use
those acts? I've read an article about it. It's so cruel. as ammunition against the ship, and they got ready to put their
Now, every time I see animals perform, I get so plan in action. When they were ready to set off on their attack,
overwhelmed. I really don´t miss seeing animals in they slowly went along the path until they saw their enemy - the
this circus, tonight. postman's truck! The postman was dropping off a package at
Mrs. Clark's house, so they got into his truck.
22 Growing up! The radio was on, so they turned down the volume to discuss
Shawn was brought up in a small town in the countryside. what they would do next. They wanted to switch on the engine
Growing up in the countryside wasn't very exciting. He often and get away with the stolen mail! When they saw the postman
got into trouble with his friends as they made up stories that running towards them shouting, they all broke out in nervous
they acted out around town. One day, as they were coming laughter, got out of the truck as quickly as they could, and took
back from school, they came up with the brilliant idea that off down the road.
The Writing Process

1 PREWRITE
• D
ecide why you are writing and who
will read it.
• Choose a topic.
• Gather ideas.
• Organize your ideas.
6 PRESENT 2 DRAFT
• Use your notes from prewriting.

• Share with your audience. • Get your ideas down on paper.
• Don't worry about mistakes.
5 PUBLISH 3 REVISE
• Choose a format. • Add details and ideas.

• Neatly print or type a final draft. • Delete ideas that are off topic.
• Add visuals. • Substitute more interesting words.
• Rearrange sentences or parts of sentences.
4 EDIT
• Check your spelling.

• Fix punctuation mistakes.
• Fix capitalization mistakes.
Adapted from • Fix other grammar mistakes.
the website
96

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INGLÉS IV (ACHIEVER 4) o

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SNB Teacher's General Competences

1. Organize their professional development throughout their career.

Disciplinary teaching skills:

� Plan the educational course.

Curricular Learning Unit General Purpose of the Curricular Learning Unit

Generic Competence Attributes

BLOCK 1 Have You Ever...?

Block 1 Entrance p. 8-9

Say how long

Evaluation Tools p. 29-31

Block 2 Entrance p. 32-33

L10 Write the

L12 Answer the

Evaluation Tools p. 53-55

Have You Had a Lot of Experiences?

Block 3 Entrance p. 56-57

L17 Discuss gender

L21 Talk about the

L22 Create a magazine

L23 Entertainment Talk about "men

Generic Competence Attributes

• talk about actions that are still going on

Watch the video and discuss it with the class.

Read and Complete

2. "We can provide little comfort to  ."

Answer this questions.

1. Why do people of different communities feed the country's homeless?

2. Where did this idea start?

3. In which cities are the highest number of homeless?

4. Do all the homeless have access to a shelter?

5. Why do you think people don't go to shelters?

Listen on 1 Ronaldo Has Never Given Up!

Grammar peek Present Perfect

Word for word Sports

games? How many athletes go to a competition without the goverment money?

Search for the information and talk with your classmates.

Project Read the article on https://ezinearticles.com/?Practicing-Sports-in-Order-to-Gain-Real-

Nine nice night nurses nursing nicely.

Grammar peek Present Perfect – short answers

+ Statements – Statements Questions + Short answer – Short answer

Listen on 2 Have you Lost your Dog?

I've just lost

Word for word

paw collar reward telephone pole

Project Visit http://www.isabelperez.com/ccprojects.htm Select a topic of your interest and make a

So, this is the sushi chef.

Listen on 3 The Big Blue March

1. H as David organized the Big Blue March before?

animals that live in your area.

Grammar peek Present Perfect with 'ever' and 'never'

Read and match Endangered Species

The government The governments

Read and answer

why your group chose them.

Find out more about saving our planet on:

Four fine fresh fish for you.

Grammar peek Present Perfect with "for", "since"

Listen on 4 Job Interviews

Word for word Check it out!

Listen and circle

• talk about actions that are still going on

2. "We can provide little comfort to ."

1. H as David organized the Big Blue March before?

1. H ow long has Catherine worked in the DKL International?

࡟࡟ think something over =

• talk about something that started in the

1. H ow long have electric cars been around?