7

Mathematics
Third Quarter
Module 7: Illustrating Polygons
 Republic of the Philippines
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7
Mathematics
Third Quarter
Module 7: Illustrating Polygons
 INTRODUCTION

This module is written in support of the K to 12 Basic Education Program to ensure

attainment of standards expected of you as a learner.
This aims to equip you with essential knowledge on Polygons.
This includes the following activities/tasks:
 Expected Learning Outcome – This lays out the learning outcome that you
are expected to have accomplished at the end of the module.
 Pre-test – This determines your prior learning on the particular lesson you
are about to take.
 Discussion of the Lesson – This provides you with the application of the
knowledge, principles and attitude that will help you meet the expected
learning outcome.
 Learning Activities – These provide you with the application of the
knowledge and principles you have gained from the lesson and enable you
to further enhance your skills as you carry out prescribed tasks.
 Post-test – This evaluates your overall understanding about the module.
With the different activities provided in this module, may you find this material
engaging and challenging as it develops your critical thinking skills.
 What I Need to Know

At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

 illustrate polygons: (a) convexity; (b) angles; and (c) sides.

What I Know

Directions: Write P if the figure is a polygon and N if it is not. Write your answer on your
notebook.

1. 4.

2. 5.

3. 6.
 7. 10.

8. 11.

9. 12.

What`s In

Directions: Read the item carefully. Match the appropriate word in Column A to its
description in Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer on your notebook.

A B
1. Triangle a. Has four sides
2. Pentagon b. Has eight sides
3. Octagon c. Has three sides
4. Quadrilateral d. Has five sides
5. Hexagon e. Has ten sides
6. Heptagon f. Has six sides
7. Nonagon g. Has nine sides
8. Decagon h. Has seven sides
What`s New
 The given activity helps us define polygon. Study carefully and answer the given
questions.
Activity 1
Definition of a Polygon
The following are polygons:

The following are not polygons:

1. Can two segments form a polygon? If yes, draw the figure. If no, explain why.
2. What is the minimum number of non-collinear segments needed to satisfy the
definition of polygon?
3. Why is it that the second group of figures are not considered as polygons?

What Is It

The word “polygon” comes from the Greek words “poly”, which means “many,” and
“gon”, which means “angles.”

A polygon is a union of non-collinear segments, the sides, on a plane that meet at

their endpoints, the vertices, so that each endpoint (vertex) is contained by exactly two
segments (sides).

Go back to activity 1 to verify the definition of polygons.

 Polygons are named by writing their consecutive vertices in order, such as ABCDE or
AEDCB or CDEAB or CBAED for the figure.

A polygon separates a plane into three sets of points: the polygon itself, points in the
interior (inside) of the polygon, and points in the exterior (outside) of the polygon.

Consider the following sets of polygon:

SET A

SET B

Can you state a difference between the polygons in Set A and in Set B?

Polygons in Set A are called convex, while the polygons in Set B are non-convex. A
polygon is said to be convex if the lines containing the sides of the polygon do not cross the
interior of the polygon.

There are two types of angles associated with a convex polygon: exterior angle and
interior angle. An exterior angle of a convex polygon is an angle that is both supplement and
adjacent to one of its interior angles.
 In the convex polygon ABCDE, ∠A, ∠B, ∠BCD, ∠D, and ∠E are the interior angles,
while ∠MCD is an exterior angle.

Consecutive vertices are vertices on the same side of the polygon. Consecutive sides
are sides that have a common vertex. A diagonal is a segment joining non-consecutive
vertices.
The different types of polygons in terms of congruency of parts are equilateral,
equiangular and regular. A polygon is equilateral if all its sides are equal; equiangular if all
its angles are equal; and regular if it is both equilateral and equiangular.
In the polygon ABCDE, some consecutive vertices are A and B, B and C. Some
consecutive sides are AE ED AB and BC. Some diagonals are AC and AD.

Name of Polygons Number of Sides

Triangle 3
Quadrilateral 4
Pentagon 5
Hexagon 6
Heptagon 7
Octagon 8
Nonagon 9
Decagon 10
Undecagon 11
Dodecagon 12

What’s More
Directions: Identify which of following figures are polygons. Write the letter that
corresponds to your answer in your notebook.

a. b. c. d.

e. f. g. h.

What I Have Learned

I learned that:

 a polygon is a union of non-collinear segments, (the sides), on a plane that meet at

their endpoints (the vertices), so that each endpoint (vertex) is contained by
exactly two segments (sides).
 there are two types of angles associated with a convex polygon: exterior angle and
interior angle. An exterior angle of a convex polygon is an angle that is both
supplement and adjacent to one of its interior angles.
 consecutive vertices are vertices on the same side of the polygon. Consecutive
sides are sides that have a common vertex. A diagonal is a segment joining non-
consecutive vertices.
 the different types of polygons in terms of congruency of parts are equilateral,
equiangular and regular. A polygon is equilateral if all its sides are equal;
equiangular if all its angles are equal; and regular if it is both equilateral and
equiangular.

What I Can Do
Directions: Follow the following procedure by pasting the pieces of matchsticks to your
notebook. Consider each piece of matchstick as a side of a polygon.

Materials needed: match sticks, glue or paste, paper.

Procedure:
1) Using three pieces of matchsticks form a polygon.
a) How many sides does it have? _________
b) How many vertices does it have? _______
c) How many interior angles does it have? _______

2) Using four pieces of match sticks form a polygon.

a) How many sides does it have? _________
b) How many vertices does it have? _______
c) How many interior angles does it have? _______

3) Using five pieces of matchsticks form a polygon.

a) How many sides does it have? _________
b) How many vertices does it have? _______
c) How many interior angles does it have? _______

Assessment
Directions: Determine the number sides of each of the following polygons and name it
according to its number of sides. Then, tell whether it is a convex polygon or a
non-convex polygon. Write your answer on your notebook. Each item is worth 3
points.

1. ``````````````````` 2.

3. 4.

Answer Key

What I Know What’s In

 1. P 1. C
2. N 2. D
3. N 3. B
4. N 4. A
5. N 5. F
6. N 6. H
7. P 7. G
8. N 8. E
9. N
10. N
11. N
12. N

What’s More
a and e
What I Can Do
1. a. 3 2. a. 4 3. a. 5
b. 3 b. 4 b. 5
c. 3 c. 4 c. 5

Assessment
1. 5 sides
Pentagon
Convex polygon
2. 7 sides
Heptagon
Non-convex
3. 6 sides
Hexagon
Convex polygon
4. 12 sides
Dodecagon
Non - convex

References
Elizabeth R. Areson et al.Learner’s Material Mathematics 7.Pasig City: First
Edition 2013.
Catalina B. Manalo et al.Next Century Mathematics 7.927 Quezon Avenue,
Quezon City.Phoenix Publishing House, Inc., 2012.