]SOIFYO KBSFIIBÙL KF DOSN@IBÙL ]SODFYBOL@J BL[FAS@J

DOSN@[O AVÎ@ KF @]SFLKBW@GF

BKFL[BDBI@IBÙL KF J@ AVB@ KF @]SFLKBW@GF

 Kflonbl`ibùl kfj ]roar`n` kf Dorn`ibùl7 FJ@COS@IBOL

FJ@COS@IBOL KF CBO@COLOY YOJBKOY
 Iùkbao kfj ]roar`n` kf Dorn`ibùl7 =4====99
 Loncrf kfj ]royfito ( sb fs dorn`ibùl [btuj`k`)
 D`sf kfj ]royfito ( sb fs dorn`ibùl [btuj`k`)
 @itbvbk`k kf ]royfito(sb fs dorn`ibùl [btuj`k`)
 Ionpftflib`7 Fj`cor`r cbo`colo sfa÷l protoiojo y lorn`tbv`
 Sfsujt`kos kf @prflkbz`gf @ji`lz`r7
0. Yfjfiibol`r rfiursos joi`jfs kbspolbcjfs p`r`
p`r` j` fj`cor`ibùl kf cbo`colos sfa÷l j` lorn`tbv`
lorn`tbv`
kf j` `arbiujtur` fiojùabi`.
3. ]roifs`r rfsbkuos sùjbkos fl j` prfp`r`ibùl kf cbo`colo kf `iufrko iol j` lorn`tbv`
lorn`tbv` vbafltf.
9. Bloiuj`r nnbiroora`lbsnos
biroora`lbsnos fl fj cbo`colo sfa÷l p`rànftros tâilbios y kf cbosfaurbk`k.
;. Nolbtorf`r p p`rànftros
`rànftros tâilbios kfj cbo`colo kf `iufrko iol auî` tâilbi`
tâilbi`
6. @gust`r p`rànftros kfj cbo`colo kf `iufrko iol rfqufrbnbfltos
rfqufrbnbfltos tâilbios.
tâilbios.
 Kur`ibùl kf j` Auî`7 0= hor`s kbrfit`s ’ 9= blkbrfit`s

3. ]SFYFL[@IBÙL

Fstbn`ko/` @prflkbz ` tr`vâs kf fst` auî` jo(`) blvbto ` rf`jbz`r

rf`jbz`r tr`c`go `uto dorn`tbvo
dorn`tbvo y ioj`cor`tbvo quf
quf jf
pfrnbt` `v`lz`r fl j` bkfltbdbi`ibùl, `propb`ibùl y `pjbi`ibùl kf fstf bltfrfs`ltf s`cfr quf `kqubfrf ar`l
bnport`lib` kfltro kfj nokfjo p`r` fj kfs`rrojjo sustflt`cjf. J` `arbiujtur` oraàlbi`, fs ul noko kf
prokuiibùl quf p`rtf kf jos prblibpbos kfj nàxbno rfspfto por j` l`tur`jfz` y tokos jos quf fl fjj`
h`cbt`nos, por t`lto fs blkbspfls`cjf quf ustfk `kqubfr` jos ioloibnbfltos, h`cbjbk`kfs y kfstrfz`s
lfifs`rb`s p`r` `provfih`r jos rfiursos kbspolbcjfs kf su fltorlo y tr`lsdorn`rjos fl ul` dufltf kf
lutrbfltfs p`r` fj sufjo y por flkf j`s pj`lt`s.
Yf kfcf tflfr fl iuflt` j` rfspols`cbjbk`k, fj ionpronbso y sfltbko kf pfrtflflib` iol fj proar`n` kf
dorn`ibùl. J` dbl`jbk`k kf fst`
fst` auî` kf `p
`prflkbz`gf
rflkbz`gf fs k`rjf ` ioloifr prblibpbos
prblibpbos càsbios kf `arbiujtur`
`arbiujtur`
oraàlbi`, tbpos kf `colos ora`lbios, nbiroora`lbsnos cflâdbios, blsunos y fqubpos rfqufrbkos f fll j`
prfp`r`ibùl kf cbo`colos, `sb iono su fnp`quf y ftbquft`ko fltrf otros, tfn`s quf sfràl dulk`nflt`jfs
fl j` bliursbùl fl ul lfaoibo
lfaoibo iol `npjbo fspfitro k`ko fj potflib`j kf lufstro
lufstro p`îs fl j` prokuiibùl kf
iujtbvos ora`lbios.
9. DOSNVJ@IBÙL KF J@Y @I[BTBK@KFY KF @]SFLKBW@GF
@]SFLKBW@GF

 Kfsirbpibùl kf j`(s) @itbvbk`k(fs)

@itbvbk`kfs kf rfdjfxbùl blbib`j

J` posbcbjbk`k kf iucrbr j`s lfifsbk`kfs kf `utoiolsuno, nfkb`ltf j` prokuiibùl i`sfr` kf `jbnfltos

s`los, jbcrfskfkf
prokuitbvos pfstbibk`s,
c`sf los h`
`arofiojùabi` h`lnostr`ko
pfrnbtbkoquf j`s j`
nfgor`r hufrt`s
i`jbk`kykf
ar`lg`s
vbk` kfkfs`rrojj`k`s iono sbstfn`s
j`s d`nbjb`s blvojuir`k`s `j7
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_ Flrbqufifr
Flrb qufifr j` sfaurbk`k `jbnflt`rb` ` tr`vâs kf j`
j ` prokuiibùl kf `jbnfltos s`los, kf `jto v`jor cbojùabio
iol kfstblo `j iolsuno d`nbjb`r.

_ Ioltrbcubr `j joaro kf ul hàcbt`t s`lo `j nfgor`r jos `ncbfltfs urc`los y rur`jfs, fvbt`lko j`
iolt`nbl`ibùl kf prokuitorfs, sufjos, `au`s y `ncbfltf.

_ @unflt`r fj blarfso nolft`rbo kf j`s

j `s d`nbjb`s nfkb`ltf j`
j ` ionfrib`jbz`ibùl kf fxifkfltfs, bltfri`ncbo o
trufquf.

_ Blirfnflt`r j` i`p`ibk`k kf afstbùl y j`

j ` blijusbùl
blij usbùl kf j` nugfr `j kfs`rrojj`r propufst`s quf ioltfnpj`l
`spfitos prokuitbvos, ora`lbz`tbvos y ionfrib`jfs, ` tr`vâs kf ul proifso fl fj iu`j p`rtbibp`l y `rtbiuj`l
d`nbjb`s prokuitor`s, fj`cor`korfs y iolsunbkorfs, tâilbios, ora`lbz`ibolfs y aocbfrlos.

Kfspufs kf j` ionprflsbùl kf j` `ltfrbor jfitur`, quf cflfdbibos iolsbkfr` ustfk pufkfl `port`r fj uso kf
`colos ora`lbios fl fstf tbpo kf sbstfn`s kf prokuiibùl kf `jbnfltos?

@itbvbk`kfs kf ioltfxtu`jbz`ibùl7

Fs bnport`ltf quf ustfk fst`cjfzi` fj lbvfj kf sus ioloibnbfltos `ltfs kf rf`jbz`r fstf proifso kf
`prflkbz`gf p`r` fjjo jo blvbto ` `uto iufstbol`rsf y p`rtbibp`r `itbv`nfltf fl j` fxpjor`ibùl kf sus
s`cfrfs prfvbos
prfvbos nfkb`ltf
nfkb`ltf fj kfs`rrojjo
kfs`rrojjo kf j` sbaubfltf `itbvbk`k7.

0. ¿p`r` ustfk quâ

quâ fs ul cbo`colo sojbkos?
3. ¿Iuàltos n nokfjos
okfjos p`r` prfp`r`r cbo`colos sojbkos
sojbkos ioloif?
ioloif?
9. ¿Puâ ttbpo
bpo kf blsunos o n`tfrb`jfs
n`tfrb`jfs sf rfqubfrfl p`r` fj`cor`ibùl kf ul cbo`colo sojbko?
;. ¿Puâ sol nbiroora`lbsnos fdbibfltfs?

@itbvbk`kfs kf @propb`ibùl kfj ioloibnbflto7

io loibnbflto7

@itbvbk`k 0.

Iol fj n`tfrb`j kf `poyo ionp`rtbko por su blstruitor fl j` sfsbùl7 ‚Sfaj`nflto p`r` j` prokuiibùl
prbn`rb`, proifs`nbflto,
ionfrib`jbz`ibùl kf ]rokuitos fnp`i`ko, ftbquft`ko,
@aropfiu`rbos Fiojùabios`jn`ifl`nbflto, ifrtbdbi`ibùl, bnport`ibùl,
„ fl fj i`pbtujo BB bkfltbdbquf jos sbaubfltfs
iolifptos7 @colo oraàlbio l`tur`j, @iolkbibol`kor oraàlbio l`tur`j kf sufjos, @lt`aolbst`s kf p`tùaflos/
@afltfs kf ioltroj cbojùabio, @arbiujtur` Fiojùabi`, @arbiujtur` iolvflibol`j, Cbokfar`k`cjf, cbo`colo,
cboblsuno, ionpost`gf, Fst`cbjbz`ibùl, Bloiuj`ltf cbojùabio, Nbiroora`lbsnos
Nbiroora`lbsnos Fdbibfltfs (FN).

Jo blvbto ` quf produlkbif `ul n`s fl fj tfn` ocsfrv`lko jos sbaubfltfs vbkfos7

https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>ng0FOaQzQGR 7 @arbiujtur` oraàlbi` o fiojùabi`

Ionpronbso7 Yfjfiibolf 6 prokuitos sf`l `colos, dfrtbjbz`ltfs o `iolkbibol`korfs l`tur`jfs o qubnbios

kfj sufjo quf ustfk ioloif o h` fsiuih`ko quf sol utbjbz`kos fl lufstro nfkbo y ionpjftf j` sbaubfltf
bldorn`ibùl7

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]SOKVI[OY @COLOY DFS[BJBW@L[FY VYOY
O

@IOLKBIBOL@KOSFY KF YVFJOY

@itbvbk`k 3. Yfsbùl 3.

]`rtbibpf kf dorn` `itbv` fl j` fxposbibùl n`abstr`j socrf i`r`itfrîstbi`s dîsbio ’ quînbi`s kf jos `colos
ora`lbios y cboblsunos.

Jo blvbto ` quf produlkbif `ul n`s fl fj tfn` ocsfrv`lko fj sbaubfltf vbkfo7

https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>Ihfsxu1=]48 7 Sfj`ibol I`rcolo Lbtroaflo

Ionpronbso7 Fj`corf ul jbst`ko kf n`tfrb`jfs ora`lbios quf ustfk kbspola` fl i`s` y fl drfltf fsirbc`
quf tbpo kf fjfnflto (i`rcolo, lbtrùaflo, Dosdoro, pot`sbo, i`jibo) `port` p`r` fj cbo`colo (rf`jbif
iolsujt`>)

@itbvbk`k 9. Yfsbùl 9

]`rtbibpf kf dorn` `itbv` fl j` fxposbibùl n`abstr`j socrf tbpos y i`r`itfrbsi`s kf jos `colos ora`lbios.
Jo blvbto ` quf produlkbif `ul n`s fl fj tfn` ocsfrv`lko fj sbaubfltf vbkfo7

https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>ckt6LRLA]ki 7 Jos `colos ora`lbios

Ionpronbso7 Cusquf bldorn`ibùl fl kbvfrs`s dufltfs (bltfrlft) socrf jos tbpos kf `colos ora`lbios
sojbkos, prfsfltf fj rfsunfl kf su iolsujt` por nfkbo kf ul n`p` nflt`j.

@itbvbk`k ; y 6. Yfsbùl ; y 6

Ocsfrvf `tflt`nfltf j` prfsflt`ibùl socrf fj`cor`ibùl kf cbo`colos, koiunfltf p`r` i`k` ulo kf fjjos7

0. [bpo kf `colo, i`r`itfrîstbi`s y cflfdbibos

3. Blst`j`ibolfs, n
n`tfrb`jfs,
`tfrb`jfs, blsunos
blsunos y hfrr`nbflt`s rfqufrbk`s p`r` j` prfp`r`ibùl
prfp`r`ibùl
9. Nfkbk`s k kf
f cbosfaurbk`k rfqufrbk`s fl j` prfp`r`ibùl
prfp`r`ibùl
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 ;. Nftoko kf prfp`r`ibùl.
6. @jn`if`nbflto y iubk`kos

Fst`cjfzi` kf n`lfr` aflfr`j jos fjfnfltos kf protfiibùl blkbvbku`j quf kfcfl utbjbz`rsf p`r` j`
prfp`r`ibùl kf cbo`colos.

Jo blvbto ` quf produlkbif `ul n`s fl fj tfn` ocsfrv`lko jos sbaubfltfs vbkfos7

https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>u0Jjkc]yY-V 7 ionpost, dbj`s o noltolfs

https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>wOVnGRqszt=7 Ionpost i`sfro

https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>wOVnGRqszt=7

https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>hxd`jAKwA8w 7 Coi`shb- G`bro Sfstrfpo

https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>dPl23`L=e8B7
https7//www.youtucf.ion/w`tih?v>dPl23`L=e8B7 Joncrbiujtur` o vfrnbiujtur`

@itbvbk`kfs kf tr`lsdfrflib` kf ioloibnbfltos

@itbvbk`k 6.

Fl fst` d`sf kf fstf proifso ustfk

ustfk kfcf kfnostr`r
kfnostr`r su ionpftflib`, ionprflsbùl y `pjbi`ibùl kfj
ioloibnbflto ` tr`vâs kfj kfs`rrojjo
kfs`rrojjo kf j`s sbaubfltfs
sbaubfltfs fvbkflib`s kf `prflkbz`gf7
`prflkbz`gf7

• Yfjfiibùl y `jbst`nbflto kf ul cbo`colo sojbko (n`tfrb`jfs, blsunos, hfrr`nbflt`s) tfla` fl iuflt`

nfkbk`s rfqufrbk`s .

• Fj`cor`ibùl kf por jo nblbno 0 cbo`colo sùjbko.

]or nfkbo kf ul vbkfo prfsfltf fj proifso ionpjfto p`r` j` octflibùl kfj cbo`colo, ionpàrt`jo iol sus
ionp`ðfros f blstruitor.
bl struitor.

 @ncbfltf Sfqufrbko7 @uj` kf dorn`ibùl iol fsp`ibos `kfiu`kos7 cufl` vfltbj`iból f junblosbk`k.
Nocbjb`ro propbibo p`r` j` ionokbk`k kf jos fstukb`ltfs. @ncbfltf `j `brf jbcrf iol fsp`ibo
`kfiu`ko p`r` j` fj`cor`ibùl kf cbo`colos.
 N`tfrb`jfs7 Auî` kf `prflkbz`gf, j`pbifros, p`pfj pfrbokbio,
pfrbokbio, n`ri`korfs
n`ri`korfs pfrn`ltf,
pfrn`ltf, hog`s colk,
vbkfo cf`n.

;. @I[BTBK@KFY KF FT@JV@IBÙL

Fvbkflib`s kf @prflkbz`gf Irbtfrbos kf Fv`ju`ibùl [âilbi`s f

Blstrunfltos kf
Fv`ju`ibùl

Fvbkflib`s kf Ioloibnbflto 7 -Kfsirbcf rfiursos joi`jfs p`r` j` fj`cor`ibùl Tfrbdbi`ibùl kf

kf cbo`colos sùjbkos sfa÷l rfaj`nflto. prokuitos kfs`rrojjo.
@pjbi`ibùl kf jbst` kf
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vfrbdbi`ibùl - Ij`sbdbi` jos rfiursos joi`jfs sfa÷l
propbfk`kfs dîsbio-quînbi`s.
Fvbkflib`s kf Kfsfnpfðo7 Yustflt`ibùl kbsfðo
- ]j`lf` fj tbpo kf `colo kf `iufrko ` jos kf fj`cor`ibùl kfj
Sfabstro kf ocsfrv`ibolfs. rfiursos kbspolbcjfs. cbo`colo.
Fj`cor`ibùl kf cbo`colo
sfjfiibol`ko p`r` fj`cor`ibùl. -nfzij`s
I`jiuj`p`r`
n`tfrb`jfs f blsunos
cbo`colos sfa÷l p`r` fj`cor`r
ulbk`kfs kf
nfkbibùl y rfj`ibùl i`rcolo lbtrùaflo
Fvbkflib`s kf ]rokuito7
- @kfiu` blst`j`ibolfs p`r` fj`cor`ibùl kf ]rokuito dbl`j7
Fltrfa` kf jbst`ko kf Cbo`colo sùjbko
cbo`colos sfa÷l fspfibdbi`ibolfs tâilbi`s.
hfrr`nbflt`s, blsunos, sfjfiibol`ko por fj
n`tfrb`jfs y nfkbk`s - ]rfp`r` n`tfrb`jfs f blsunos kf `iufrko ` `prflkbz
rfqufrbk`s p`r` j` prfp`r`ibùl rfqufrbnbfltos tâilbios y lorn`tbv`.
kf cbo`colo.
- Vtbjbz` jos fjfnfltos kf protfiibùl, j`s
hfrr`nbflt`s y utflsbjbos fl j` fj`cor`ibùl kf
cbo`colos kf `iufrko ` lorn`tbvbk`k.

- Kbspolf nfzij` p`r` fj proifso kf

fj`cor`ibùl kf cbo`colo kf `iufrko ` auî`
tâilbi`.

- [on` k`tos kf p`rànftros tâilbios kfj

cbo`colo sfa÷l auî` tâilbi`.

- Bloiuj` cbo`colos sfa÷l auî` tâilbi` y

lorn`tbv`

- Bltfrprft` jos k`tos octflbkos kfj proifso

sfa÷l p`rànftros tâilbios.

- Iorrbaf i`r`itfrîstbi`s dîsbio-quînbios kf

`iufrko iol auî` tâilbi`.

6. AJOY@SBO KF [ÂSNBLOY

@colo oraàlbio7 fj `colo

`c olo oraàlbio `c`ri` jos `colos
`co los fj`cor`kos iol fstbârioj kf a`l`k
a`l`ko,
o, ionpost rur`jfs
y urc`los, otros kfsfihos kf orbafl `lbn`j y rfsbkuos kf iujtbvos. Jos `colos oraàlbios sol n`tfrb`jfs
iuy` fdbi`ib` p`r` nfgor`r j` dfrtbjbk`k y j` prokuitbvbk`k kf jos sufjos h` sbko kfnostr`k`.

@frùcbio7 proifso quf oiurrf flf l prfsflib`

p rfsflib` kf oxîaflo. ]`r` quf ul ionpost dulibolf iol âxbto sf kfcf
proporibol`r sudbibfltf oxîaflo p`r` quf n`ltfla` fj proifso `frùcbio.

@l`frùcbio7 proifso quf oiurrf fl `usflib` kf oxîaflo. Yb fsto oiurrf kur`ltf fj proifso kf ionpost`gf,
âstf sf r`jfltbz` y sf pufkfl kfsprflkfr n`jos ojorfs, iono iolsfiuflib` kf proifsos kf pukrbibùl.

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C`itfrb`s tfrnùdbj`s7 arupo kf c`itfrb`s quf pufkfl vbvbr, tr`c`g`r y nujtbpjbi`rsf kur`ltf fj ionpost`gf
fltrf jos r`laos kf tfnpfr`tur` kf ;=½I ` 1=½I.

Ionpost n`kuro7 ionpost quf h` dbl`jbz`ko tok`s j`s ft`p`s kfj ionpost`gf. Ionpost sfnbn`kuro7
ionpost quf lo h` tfrnbl`ko j` ft`p` tfrnùdbj` kfj proifso kf ionpost`gf.

Kfsionposbibùl7 kfar`k`ibùl kf j` n`tfrb` oraàlbi`.

Fstbârioj7 n`tfrb`j oraàlbio fnpjf`ko p`r` dfrtbjbz`r j` tbfrr`, ionpufsto aflfr`jnfltf por hfifs y orbl` kf
`lbn`jfs konâstbios. ]ufkf prfsflt`rsf nfzij`ko iol n`tfrb`j vfaft`j iono p`g`, hflo o n`tfrb`j kf
i`n` kf jos `lbn`jfs.

Hunus7 n`tfrb` oraàlbi` kfsionpufst`, `nord` y kf iojor n`rrùl osiuro kf jos sufjos, quf h` pfrkbko
toko blkbibo kf j`
j ` fstruitur` y j` ionposbibùl kf j` n`tfrb` vfaft`j y `lbn`j
`lb n`j ` p`rtbr kf j` quf sf orbablù. ]or
t`lto, fj târnblo hunus sf rfdbfrf ` iu`jqubfr n`tfrb` oraàlbi` quf h` `ji`lz`ko j` fst`cbjbk`k y quf sf
utbjbz` fl j` `arbiujtur` p`r` flnflk`r fj sufjo.

Bloiuj`ltf7 iolifltr`ko kf nbiroora`lbsnos quf `pjbi`ko `j ionpost, `ifjfr` fj proifso kf ionpost`gf.

Vl ionpost sfnbn`kuro pufkf dulibol`r kf bloiuj`ltf.

N`iroora`lbsnos7 ora`lbsnos vbvos quf pufkfl sfr ocsfrv`kos ` sbnpjf vbst` (`r`ð`s, joncrbifs,
rofkorfs, hornba`s, fsi`r`c`gos…). [`ncbâl sf kflonbl` nfsod`ul`.

N`tfrb` oraàlbi`7 rfsbkuos vfaft`jfs, `lbn`jfs y kf nbiroora`lbsnos fl kbstblt`s ft`p`s kf

kfsionposbibùl, iâjuj`s y tfgbkos kf ora`lbsnos kfj sufjo y sust`lib`s sbltftbz`k`s por jos sfrfs vbvos
prfsfltfs fl fj sufjo.

Nbiroora`lbsnos7 ora`lbsnos vbvos nbirosiùpbios (holaos, blijuyflko jfv`kur`s, c`itfrb`s blijuyflko

`itbloc`itfrb`s, protoozoos iono lfnàtokos fti.).

Sfj`ibùl I7L7 i`ltbk`k kf i`rcolo iol rfspfito ` j` i`ltbk`k lbtrùaflo quf tbflf ul n`tfrb`j.

4. SFDFSFL[FY CBJCBOASÀDBIOY

Iost` Sbi`. Nblbstfrbo kf @arbiujtur` y A`l`kfrî`. Auî` tâilbi` p`r` j` kbdusbùl kf tfilojoaî`s kf
prokuiibùl `aropfiu`rb` sostflbcjf. ’ 0 fk. ’ Y`l Gosâ, I.S. 7 N@A, 3=0=.
J@ @ASBIVJ[VS@ OSA@LBI@ p`r` n`ltflfr y rfiupfr`r j` dfrtbjbk`k kf jos sufjos, iolsfrv`r j`
cbokbvfrsbk`k y kfs`rrojj`r j` socfr`lî` `jbnflt`rb` fl j` @n`zolb`. YBLIHB, Nblbstfrbo kf `ncbfltf,
vbvbflk` y kfs`rrojjo tfrrbtorb`j, ]SOL@[[@. Bla. @aro, N.Yi Aubjjfrno T`ra`s Àvbj`. Nbirocbùjoa`, N. Yi
Ij`r` ]`trbib` ]fð`. Y`l Gosâ kfj Au`vb`rf. Kbibfncrf kf 3==9. ]. 13.

Ifltro Bltfrl`ibol`j kf @arbiujtur` Oraàlbi`. 0222. N`lfgo Fiojùabio kf Yufjos. ]frfbr`, Iojoncb`. 93p.

Nfgî`, N`rbo. 0224. @arbiujtur`s sbl `arotùxbios. I`jî,

I`j î, Iojoncb`. Iorpor`ibùl Vl Lufvo Nulko.

Nblbstfrbo kf @arbiujtur` y A`l`kfrî`. 3==0. Iu`kfrlo kf lufstr` dbli` 3==0. Y`l Gosâ, Iost` Sbi`. N@A.
063p.

Sfstrfpo, G`bro. 0224. J` bkf` y fj `rtf kf d`crbi`r jos `colos oraàlbios dfrnflt`kos (`portfs y
rfionflk`ibolfs). ]`l`nà. 060p.
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https7//www.bldo`aro.ion/koiunfltos/`colos_ora`lbios.`sp

1. IOL[SOJ KFJ KOIVNFL[O

Loncrf I`rao Kfpflkflib` Dfih`

@utor (fs) Jbkky Jorfl` Aànfz Blstruitor Ifltro kf 0= kf n`yo kf 3=3=

Aùlaor` `ncbflt`j blkustrb` y
iolstruiibùl.

8. IOL[SOJ KF I@NCBOY (kbjbaflib`r ÷lbi`nfltf sb rf`jbz` `gustfs ` j` auî`)

Loncrf I`rao Kfpflkflib` Dfih` S`zùl kfj

I`ncbo
@utor (fs)

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