Exponentials and logarithms 14B

1 a 2.71828 3 b x 0 y 4
As x  , y  
b 54.59815 As x  , y  0
This is an exponential decay type of
c 0.00005
graph.
d 1.22140
c y  2e x  3
2 a

x  0  y  2 1  3  1
As x  , y  
e = 2.71828…
e3 = 20.08553… As x  , y  2  0  3  3

3 a y  ex  1 d y  4  ex

x  0  y  4 1  3
This is the normal y = ex ‘moved up’
(translated) 1 unit As x  , y  4  , i.e. y  
As x  , y  4  0  4
b y  4e2 x
1
x
e y  6  10e 2

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3 e x  0  y  6  10 1  16 5
As x  , y  
As x  , y  6  10  0  6

f y  100e x  10

6 a y = e6x
dy
= 6e6x
dx

1 x
x  0  y  100 1  10  110 b y= e 3
As x  , y  100  0  10  10 dy 1
=  13 e 3
As x  , y   dx

c y = 7e2x
4 a The graph is increasing so b is positive.
dy
The line y = 5 is an asymptote, so = 2 × 7e2x = 14e2x
C = 5. dx
When x = 0, 6 = Aeb × 0 + C = A + 5, so
A = 1. d y = 5e0.4x
dy
= 0.4 × 5e0.4x = 2e0.4x
b The graph is decreasing so b is dx
negative.
The line y = 0 is an asymptote, so e y = e3x + 2ex
C = 0. dy
= 3e3x + 2ex
When x = 0, 4 = Aeb × 0 + C = A + 0, dx
so A = 4.
f y = ex(ex + 1) = e2x + ex
c The graph is increasing so b is positive. dy
= 2e2x + ex
The line y = 2 is an asymptote, so dx
C = 2.
When x = 0, 8 = Aeb × 0 + C = A + 2, 7 a y = e3x
so A = 6. dy
= 3e3x
dx
5 f(x) = e3x + 2 When x = 2,
= e3x × e2 dy
= e2e3x = 3e3 × 2 = 3e6
dx
A = e2 and b = 3

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7 b When x = 0, 8 f(x) = e0.2x
dy fʹ(x)= 0.2e0.2x
= 3e3 × 0 = 3 The gradient of the tangent when x = 5
dx
is fʹ(5) = 0.2e0.2 × 5 = 0.2e
c When x = −0.5, f(5) = e0.2 × 5 = e
dy The equation of the tangent in the form
= 3e3 × −0.5 = 3e−1.5 y = mx + c
dx
is e = 0.2e × 5 + c
e=e+c
so c = 0
Therefore the tangent to the curve at
the point (5, c) is in the form y = mx.
Thus it so goes through the origin.

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