YAKEEN NEET 2023

PRACTICE TEST – 01

TEST CODE - 232

DURATION ::200
DURATION Minutes
90 Minutes DATE : 07/08/2022 M. MARKS : 720

ANSWER KEY

PHYSICS CHEMISTRY BOTANY ZOOLOGY

1. (1) 51. (1) 101. (4) 151. (3)
2. (2) 52. (3) 102. (1) 152. (4)
3. (2) 53. (4) 103. (3) 153. (3)
4. (1) 54. (4) 104. (4) 154. (4)
5. (4) 55. (2) 105. (3) 155. (4)
6. (4) 56. (4) 106. (2) 156. (3)
7. (3) 57. (2) 107. (4) 157. (3)
8. (1) 58. (1) 108. (4) 158. (2)
9. (2) 59. (2) 109. (3) 159. (4)
10. (4) 60. (4) 110. (4) 160. (4)
11. (2) 61. (3) 111. (2) 161. (4)
12. (1) 62. (1) 112. (2) 162. (2)
13. (1) 63. (3) 113. (1) 163. (4)
14. (1) 64. (2) 114. (3) 164. (4)
15. (4) 65. (4) 115. (4) 165. (4)
16. (4) 66. (1) 116. (3) 166. (4)
17. (4) 67. (4) 117. (1) 167. (2)
18. (4) 68. (3) 118. (2) 168. (1)
19. (1) 69. (1) 119. (2) 169. (2)
20. (2) 70. (3) 120. (2) 170. (4)
21. (1) 71. (2) 121. (4) 171. (3)
22. (4) 72. (1) 122. (1) 172. (3)
23. (2) 73. (1) 123. (4) 173. (4)
24. (2) 74. (2) 124. (3) 174. (2)
25. (1) 75. (4) 125. (1) 175. (1)
26. (3) 76. (2) 126. (4) 176. (2)
27. (2) 77. (4) 127. (2) 177. (3)
28. (1) 78. (1) 128. (4) 178. (1)
29. (1) 79. (2) 129. (1) 179. (2)
30. (4) 80. (4) 130. (4) 180. (4)
31. (4) 81. (1) 131. (3) 181. (1)
32. (1) 82. (4) 132. (2) 182. (1)
33. (4) 83. (4) 133. (1) 183. (2)
34. (4) 84. (3) 134. (1) 184. (2)
35. (4) 85. (1) 135. (1) 185. (1)
36. (1) 86. (3) 136. (1) 186. (4)
37. (3) 87. (3) 137. (4) 187. (4)
38. (1) 88. (1) 138. (4) 188. (4)
39. (1) 89. (4) 139. (3) 189. (2)
40. (4) 90. (4) 140. (3) 190. (3)
41. (3) 91. (2) 141. (3) 191. (3)
42. (3) 92. (4) 142. (1) 192. (3)
43. (2) 93. (3) 143. (3) 193. (2)
44. (2) 94. (3) 144. (4) 194. (4)
45. (4) 95. (3) 145. (4) 195. (2)
46. (3) 96. (3) 146. (2) 196. (4)
47. (3) 97. (4) 147. (1) 197. (1)
48. (3) 98. (2) 148. (4) 198. (4)
49. (4) 99. (4) 149. (2) 199. (3)
50. (2) 100. (4) 150. (4) 200. (3)
[1]
 SECTION – I (PHYSICS)
SECTION - A
1. (1)
11. (2)
Displacement = 2m Here v = 144 km/h = 40m/s
v = u + at  40 = 0 + 20 × a  a = 2 m/s2
2. (2) 1 1
Time taken to go from A to B :  s = at 2 =  2  (20) 2 = 400m.
2 2
distance 4
time = = = 4s 12. (1)
speed 1
Distance travelled in 4 sec
Totaldisplacement 1
Average velocity = 24 = 4u + a  (4) 2 …(i)
Total time 2
2 −1
= = 0.5ms Distance travelled in total 8 sec
4 1
88 = 8u + a  (8)2 …(ii)
3. (2) 2
After solving (i) and (ii), we get u = 1m/s.

13. (1)
−30 − (+18) Let initial (t = 0) velocity of particle = u
 aavg = For first 5 sec s5 = 10 m ;
2.5
= – 19.2 m/s2 1
 10 = 5u + a(5) 2
2
4. (1)  2u + 5a = 4 …(i)
v1t + v2t v1 + v2
Average velocity = = For first 8 sec s8 = 20 m
2t 2 1
20 = 8u + a(8)2  2u + 8a = 5
5. (4) 2
Displacement is the shortest distance between 7 1
By solving u = m / s and a = m / s 2 ;
initial and final position 6 3
Now distance travelled by particle in Total 10 sec.
6. (4) 1
Total distance travelled s10 = u  10 + a(10)2
Average speed = ; 2
Total time taken By substituting the value of u and a we get
x 5v1v2 s10 = 28.3 m
= =
2 x / 5 3x / 5 3v1 + 2v2 So the distance in last 2 sec = s10 – s8
+
v1 v2 = 28.3 – 20 = 8.3m
7. (3)
14. (1)
Magnitude of instantaneous velocity is equal to
a a
instantaneous speed. So, if speed changes, velocity Sn = u + (2n − 1) = (2n − 1)
must change. However, velocity can change 2 2
without change in speed (e.g. uniform circular because u = 0;
motion) S 7
Hence 4 = .
S3 5
8. (1)
From concept of instantaneous velocity and 15. (4)
instantaneous speed.
vA tan  A tan 30 1 / 3 1
= = = =
9. (2) vB tan B tan 60 3 3
Relative velocity of bird w.r.t train
= 25 + 5 = 30 m/s time taken by the bird to cross 16. (4)
210 Slope of x – t graph gives velocity. Slope is + ve
the train t = = 7sec constant till to and then it is zero.
30
10. (4)
17. (4)
Total distance = 130 + 120 = 250 m
v = u – gt
Relative velocity = 30 – (–20) = 50 m/s;
Hence t = 250/50 = 5s

[2]
18. (4) 33. (4)
x = t (t – 2) + (t – 2)2
 v = [2t – 2 + 2(t – 2)] m/s and a = 4 m/s2 34. (4)
= (4t – 6)m/s; Uniform motion means constant velocity.
At t = 0, x = 4 m and v = – 6 m/s
35. (4)
a 10
19. (1) S4th = u + ( 2n − 1) = 0 + ( 2  4 − 1) = 35m
x (t) = (t – 3)2 = t2 + 9 – 6t 2 2
 v (t) = 2t – 6 and a (t) = 2
 v (t) = 0 when t = 3s and x (3) = 0 SECTION - B
36. (1)
10
20. (2) S6th = −50 + ( 2  6 − 1) = 5m.
80 + 65 =145 km/h 2

21. (1) 37. (3)

S  u2
22. (4)
2h 38. (1)
T= u2
g H max =
2g
23. (2)
V1 + V2 50 + V 39. (1)
Vavg =  200 =
2 2 v = 2 gh

24. (2) 40. (4)

displacement 2R 2 dv
= = a= = slope of v-t graph = constant
distance R  dt

25. (1) 41. (3)

dv dv
a= = 2t − 8 a=v = 4 x = 4  2 = 8 m/s 2
dt dx
a = 0  2t − 8 = 0  t = 4 sec.
42. (3)
26. (3) at1
v = c = constant = b  at1 = bt − bt1
t − t1
dv
a= =0 t1 ( a + b ) = bt
dt
bt
t1 =
27. (2) a+b
x = t2 + 4t + 6 abt
d2x vmax = at1 =
a = 2 = 2 m / s 2 : constant a+b
dt
43. (2)
28. (1) Area under (a – t) curve
29. (1) 44. (2)
v2
30. (4) a=−
2s
AC = AB 2 + BC 2
45. (4)
31. (4)
Use 3rd equation of motion
32. (1)
1 46. (3)
80 =  a (10 )  a = 1.6 m / s 2
2
Ratio of distance travelled in
2
1 nth sec = 1 : 3 : 5
S20 =  a ( 20 ) = 200  1.6 = 320m
2

[3]
47. (3) 49. (4)
Speed can-not be –ve and an object can’t have two |disp| ≤ distance
velocity at a time
50. (2)
48. (3) d 2x
Acceleration due to gravity always downward a= = 6at + 2b
dt 2
At t = 3 sec, a = 18a + 2b = 2(9a+ b)
SECTION – II (CHEMISTRY)
Section A
51. (1) P o − Ps
From Raoult’s law, vapour pressure of the solution; Now, = χ solute
Ps
PS = PAo χ A + PBo χ B
P o − Ps n solute
6 3 =
= 135  + 171  Ps n solute + n solvent
9 9
= 90 + 57 760 − Ps 3
=
= 147 torr Ps 3 + 55.55
52. (3) 760 − Ps 3
=
Given: molality = 1 m, nsolute = 0.5, wsolvent =? Ps 58.55
Hence, from molality formula; 3Ps = 44498 − 58.55 Ps
n solute 61.55Ps = 44498
Molality =
Wkg solvent Ps = 722.96 torr
0.5 723 torr
1=
W
Thus, lowering of vapour pressure
W = 0.5 kg = Po – Ps
= 500 g = 760 torr –723 torr
= 37 torr
53. (4)
1
Vapour Pressure  56. (4)
Boiling Point
Let vapour pressure of pure solvent (Po) = 100
54. (4)
From Raoult’s law;
Mole fraction does not involve volume; hence it is
Po − Ps w M
a temperature independent concentration term. = ×
Ps m W
100 − 60 w 114
= ×
55. (2) 60 40 57
Let molarity = molality 40 w
= ×2
Thus, 3 m aqueous glucose solution means 3 moles 60 40
2 w 40
of glucose are present in 1000 g of water. = w= g
3 20 3
1000
Hence, n H2O = = 55.55 moles
18 57. (2)
o (1) O2 in N2 : gaseous solution
Vapour pressure of pure water at 100 C = 760 torr
(2) Cu in Au : Solid solution
(3) C6H12O6 in H2O : Liquid solution
(4) NaCl in H2O : Liquid solution

[4]
58. (1) 61. (3)
M1V1 + M 2 V2
M3 = YA PAo χ A
V1 + V2 = o
YB PB χ B
1×2.5 + 0.5×3
= 3 3 χA
2.5 + 3 = 
4 4 1 χB
=
5.5 χA 3 1
= 
= 0.727 χB 4 3
= 0.73 M χA 1
=
χB 4
59. (2) 1− χB 1
=
20 1 1 χB 4
nA 1 4 2
A = =
20
40
20
=
1
2
1
=2=  =
3
χ B = 4 − 4χ B
nA + nB + + 2 3 3
40 80 2 4 4 5χ B = 4
2 1
Hence  B = 1 −  A = 1 − = χB =
4
3 3
5
Now, vapour pressure of the solution;
PS = PAo χ A + PBo χ B
2 1 62. (1)
= 100  + 40  Moles of solute
3 3 Molarity of solution =
200 40 Volume of solution in L
= + Moles of C12 H 22O11
3 3 =
240 Volume of solution in L
=
3 20/342
=
= 80 torr 2
20
=
60. (4) 342  2
n solute 10
Molality of solution = =
342
Wkg solvent
= 0.029 mol L−1
4
=
300/1000 63. (3)
4 1000 When nitric acid (HNO3) is diluted with water
=  (H2O) then a non-ideal solution with –ve deviation
1 300
from Raoult’s law is formed.
40
=
3 64. (2)
= 13.33 m Ptotal = PAo χ A + PBo χ B
1 2
= 150  + 300 
1+ 2 1+ 2
1 2
= 150  + 300 ×
3 3
= 50 + 200
Ptotal = 250 torr
But the given value of Ptotal is 240 torr, thus there is
a negative deviation from Raoult's law.
65. (4) 69. (1)
% (w/v) ×10 w solute
Molarity = ppm = 106
GMM w solution
% (w/v) ×10 0.2
0.6 = =  106
170 500
0.6 ×170 = 0.0004  106
% (w/v) =
10
= 4  10−4  106
=10.2 %
= 4  102 ppm
66. (1)
70. (3)
N1V1 + N 2 V2 + N 3V3
N4 = Molecules
Total volume Moles =
NA
1 1
(1 20) + ( 10) + (  30) 6.02  1020
= 2 3 =
1000 6.02  1023
20 + 5 + 10 = 1  10−3
=
1000 Thus,
35 n solute
= Molarity =
1000 VL solution

=
7
N 1  10−3
=
200 100 /1000
1  10−3
67. (4) =
102 /103
Ptotal = PAo χ A + PBo χ B 1  10−3
=
= 100 
2
+ 80 
3 10−1
2+3 2+3
= 1  10−2
2 3
= 100  + 80 × = 0.01 M
5 5
= 40 + 48
71. (2)
Ptotal = 88 mmHg
But the given value of Ptotal is 90 mmHg, thus there w solute
is a positive deviation from Raoult's law, boiling Mass % of solute = × 100
w solution
point has been lowered and force of attraction
between A and B is smaller than that between A 2g
= × 100
and A or between B and B. 2g + 18 g
2g
68. (3) = × 100
20 g
An azeotropic mixture boils at a constant
temperature therefore any pure component of this = 10 %
mixture cannot be obtained by fractional
distillation. 72. (1)
A solution of acetone (CH3COCH3) in ethanol
(C2H5OH) is a non-ideal solution and shows
positive deviation from Raoult’s law
73. (1)
1 molal aqueous solution means 1 mole of solute is 78. (1)
dissolved in 1000 g of water. 1
Thus, Viscosity 
T
n solute
solute =
n solute + n solvent 79. (2)
1 The standard boiling point of a liquid is slightly
= lower than the normal boiling point because
1000
1+ standard boiling point is measured at 1 bar pressure
18 which is slightly lower than 1 atm.
1
= Boiling point  External pressure
1 + 55.55
1
= 80. (4)
56.55
= 0.0177 3RT
Vrms =
= 0.018 M
Hence,
74. (2) Vrms is independent of pressure.
According to Raoult’s law, the relative lowering of
vapour pressure for a solution is equal to mole 81. (1)
fraction of solute ( χ solute ). Boyle’s temperature, TB is given by the following
relation:
Po − Ps
= solute a
Po TB =
bR

75. (4) 82. (4)

Statement I: 10 ml of a liquid A is mixed with 20 Surface tension  Intermolecular forces of attraction
ml of liquid B, total volume of the solution is 30 In H2O there is strongest and extensive hydrogen
ml. (True)
bonding is present.
Statement II: Liquid A and liquid B will form an
ideal solution. (True) 83. (4)
For an ideal solution Vmix = 0 Helium shows positive deviation from ideal
Hence, statement I and II both are true and behaviour. (True)
statement II is the correct explanation of statement Helium is an inert gas. (True)
II

84. (3)
76. (2)
Vapour pressure  T The following statement is not the postulate of
KTG:
77. (4) Gas molecules are repelled by the walls of
From molarity formula; container.
Moles of solute (HCl)
Molarity =
Volume of solution in L 85. (1)
Moles of solute The relation between TC, a and b is:
0.02 =
50/1000 8a
TC =
50 27bR
 Moles of solute = 0.02 
1000 Section B
−3
= 1  10 86. (3)
Thus, Sum of mole fraction of all components in a
mixture is 1. (Correct)
Number of molecules = Moles × NA
Mole fraction is a temperature independent mode
= 1 × 10–3 × 6.022 ×1023
of concentration.
= 6.022 × 1020
87. (3) 91. (2)
PA = P χ A o
A PB = P χ B
o
B From Raoult’s law;
1 3 P o − Ps n
= 1 = 3 = B
1+ 3 1+ 3 Ps nA
=
1
=
9 50 − 40 n
= B
4 4 40 12
10 n
Hence, = B
40 12
Ptotal = PA + PB
n B = 3 moles
1 9
= +
4 4
92. (4)
10
= Statement I: A solution containing 1 gram
4 equivalent of solute per litre is known as 1 N
2 solution. (True)
=
5 g equivalents of solute
Thus, N=
volume of solution in L
PA Statement II: Normality = Molarity × n-factor
YA =
PA + PB (True)
1/4
=
1/4 + 9/4 93. (3)
1 4 CHCl3 is polar while CCl4 is non-polar, hence they
= 
4 10 do not form an ideal solution.
= 0.1
94. (3)
88. (1) 3
KE = nRT or KE  T
In case of immiscible and volatile liquids; 2
Ptotal = PAo + PBo
= 100 torr + 200 torr 95. (3)
Real gases show same behaviour as that of an ideal
= 300 torr gas at high temperature and low pressure.

89. (4) 96. (3)

−3 −3
10 10 /40 10 10 1000 M
M2 = =  = 0.25 M From density formula d =
,
1/1000 40 1 V
Now, from the dilution formula; M 18 g/mol 18 g/mol
V= = =
M1V1 = M2V2 d 0.36 kg/L 0.36 103 g/L
0.5 M × 500 ml = 0.25 M × V2 = 50 ×10−3 L/mol
250 ml = 0.25 × V2
Hence compressibility factor,
V2 = 1000 ml
PV 18 g/mol
Thus, volume of water added = V2 – V1 Z= =
= 1000 ml – 500 ml RT 0.36 kg/L
= 500 ml 1 atm × 50 10−3 L/mol
=
0.082 L atm K −1mol−1 × 500 K
90. (4)
= 1.219
For an ideal solution;
= 1.22
(1) Hmix = 0
(2) Vmix = 0
(3) Gmix < 0
(4) Smix > 0
97. (4) 99. (4)
In van der Waal’s equation, the constant ‘b’ is the 3
measure of volume occupied by the molecules. KE = nRT
2
3 8
98. (2)
=  mol  8.314 J K −1mol−1  300 K
2 16
Ideal gas equation for n moles is PV = nRT = 1870.65 J
when n = 1 then,
Ideal gas equation is PV = RT 100. (4)
Liquification  value of ‘a’
SECTION – III (BOTANY)
SECTION-A 111. (2)
101. (4) Mesosomes- help in respiration, secretion
Cell membrane. processes, to increase the surface area of the
CLASS 11th NCERT Pg. No. 128. plasma membrane and enzymatic content.
102. (1)
112. (2)
103. (3) Mesosome.
Bacterial cells may be motile or non-motile. If
motile, they have thin filamentous extensions from 113. (1)
their cell wall called flagella. * Nucleoid-Bacteria DNA without membrane
,It is also known as genomic DNA.
104. (4)
* In addition to the genomic DNA (the single
All of these.
CLASS 11th NCERT Pg. No. 129. chromosome/circular DNA), many bacteria
have small circular DNA outside the genomic
105. (3) DNA. These smaller DNA are called
The cell membrane is mainly composed of lipids plasmids.
and proteins. The major lipids are phospholipids
that are arranged in a bilayer. 114. (3)
Essential gene present on the Genomic DNA.
106. (2)

107. (4) 115. (4)

Cyanobacteria-(Nostoc, Anabaena),
Mycoplasma are non-motile.
108. (4)
Bacteria can be classified into two groups on the
basis of the differences in the cell envelopes and
the manner in which they respond to the staining
procedure developed by Gram viz., those that take
up the gram stain are Gram positive and the others
that do not are called Gram negative bacteria.
109. (3)
Bacteria can be classified into two groups on the
basis of the differences in the cell envelopes.
110. (4)
Bacterial cells may be motile or non-motile.
* Flagella of bacteria is made up of flagellin
protein.
* The pili are elongated tubular structures made
of a special protein.
In some prokaryotes like cyanobacteria, there are
other membranous extensions into the
cytoplasm called chromatophores which
contain pigment.
116. (3)
Cell membrane.
117. (1)
R-plasmid – Resistance against antibiotic.
F-plasmid – Fertility plasmid.
Flagella – Motility.
Mesosome – Respiration, cell wall formation,
DNA replication and distribution to daughter cells.
They also help in respiration, secretion processes.
118. (2)
70S ribosome present in cytoplasm of prokaryotes.

119. (2)
80S ribosome present in eukaryotes.
120. (2)
Naked DNA present in prokaryotes.
121. (4)
In some prokaryotes like cyanobacteria, there are
other membranous extensions into the cytoplasm
called chromatophores which contain pigments.
* Role in photosynthesis.
122. (1)
Several ribosomes may attach to a single mRNA
and form a chain called polyribosomes or
polysome. The ribosomes of a polysome translate
the mRNA into proteins.
123. (4)
124. (3)
Mycoplasmas, the smallest cells, are only 0.3 µm
in length.
125. (1)
Saccharomyces-yeast (Eukaryotes).
126. (4)
Glycocalyx.
127. (2)
The cell wall and middle lamellae may be
traversed by plasmodesmata which connect the
cytoplasm of neighbouring cell.
128. (4)
Bacterial cells may be motile or non-motile. If
motile, they have thin filamentous extensions from
their cell wall called flagella.
* Besides flagella, Pili and Fimbriae are also
surface structures of the bacteria but do not
play a role in motility.
* Fimbriae helps in attachment.
129. (1)
The structures that help some bacteria to attach to
rocks and / or host tissues are Fimbriae.
130. (4)
Nuclear envelope absent in prokaryotes.
131. (3)
The motile bacteria are able to move by flagella.
132. (2)
A special membranous structure is the mesosome
which is formed by the extensions of plasma
membrane into the cell.
133. (1) Cell membrane.
134. (1)
Inclusion bodies: Reserve material in prokaryotic
cells are stored in the cytoplasm in the form of
inclusion bodies. These are not bound by any
membrane system and lie free in the cytoplasm.
135. (1)
Gas vacuoles are found in blue green and purple
and green photosynthetic bacteria.
SECTION-B
136. (1)
Chloroplast and peroxisomes are not coordinated.
137. (4)
While each of the membranous organelles is
distinct in terms of its structure and function, many
of these are considered together as an
endomembrane system because their functions are
coordinated.
138. (4)
Algae have cell wall, made of cellulose, galactans,
mannans and minerals like calcium carbonate.
139. (3)
Plants consists of cellulose, hemicellulose, pectins
and proteins.
140. (3)
Agaricus-Fungi.
141. (3)
Lignin is present in secondary cell wall.
142. (1)
The middle lamella is a layer mainly of calcium
pectate which holds or glues the different
neighbouring cells together.
143. (3)
Protoplast.
144. (4)
Cillia.
145. (4)
The cell envelope consists of a tightly bound three
layered structure i.e., the outermost glycocalyx
followed by the cell wall and then the plasma
membrane.
146. (2)
The cell envelope consists of a tightly bound three
layered structure i.e., the outermost glycocalyx.
147. (1)
Cell wall of bacteria is made up of Peptidoglycan.
148. (4)
All of these.
SECTION – IV (ZOOLOGY)
SECTION - A
151. (3)
Mast cell are a cell found in connective tissue that
contains numerous basophilic granules and release
substances such as heparin and histamine in
response to injury or inflammation of tissues.
152. (4)
Compound epithelium covers the dry surface of
the skin, the moist surface of buccal cavity,
pharynx, inner lining of ducts of salivary glands
and pancreatic ducts.
153. (3)
Gland is an organ in the human or animal body
which secretes particular chemical substances for
use in the body or for discharge into the
surroundings.
154. (4)
Plasmodesmata are narrow channels that act as
intercellular cytoplasmic bridges to facilitate
communication and transport of materials
between plant cells. Adhering, tight and gap
junctions are specialized junctions that provide
both structural and functional links between the
individual cells of animal tissues.
155. (4)
A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue which
attaches skeletal muscle to bone. Tendons may
also attach muscles to structures such as eyeball.
A tendon help in the movement of bone or
structure.
156. (3)
Chondrocytes are the only cells found in cartilage.
They produce and maintain the cartilaginous
matrix, which consists mainly of collagen and
proteoglycans. The chondrocytes lie between the
muscle fibres. It is found in the epiglottis (part of
the larynx) and the pinnae (the external ear flaps
of many mammals including humans).
149. (2)
Mycoplasma.
150. (4)
Cell wall not only gives shape to the cell and
protects the cell from mechanical damage and
infection, it also helps in cell-to-cell interaction
and provides barrier to undesirable
macromolecules.
157. (3)
Elastic cartilage or yellow cartilage is a type of
cartilage present in the outer ear, Eustachian tube
and epiglottis. It contains elastic fibre networks
and collagen fibres. The principal protein is in
elastic cartilage is elastin.
158. (2)
Muscle tissue plays the vital role of providing
movement and heat generation to the organs of the
body. Muscle cells are specialized for contractility
and electrical conductivity.
159. (4)
In all connective tissue except blood (a fluid
connective tissue), the cells secrete fibres of
structural proteins called collagen or elastin.
160. (4)
Cartilage is a type of connective tissue which is
present in human external ears, the nose tip,
ribcage joints, etc.
161. (4)
Cells of smooth muscle tissue are spindle shaped
and pointed at their ends. Striations are absent due
to different arrangement of actin and myosin
filaments. Smooth muscle is the earliest form of
muscle to evolve.
162. (2)
Neurons forms the structural and functional unit of
nervous tissue. They are excitable cells. While the
neuroglial cells constitute the rest of the neural
system that protect and support neurons and are
non-excitable.
163. (4)
Each neuron has an enlarged portion, the cell body
(perikaryon), containing the nucleus and from the
cell body extend several processes (dendrites)
through which impulses enter from their branches.
164. (4)
11th NCERT Page No. 104
165. (4)
In cockroaches, the development is
paurometabolus, which means development
through nymphal stage. The nymph grows by
moulting about 13 times to reach the adult form.
166. (4)
Both the sexes of cockroach have anal cerci which
are jointed structures. But in the male, in addition,
there is a paired unjointed needle-like anal style,
which serve to distinguish between the male and
the female.
167. (2)
Testes are paired, 3-4 lobed, situated
dorsolaterally in the 4th, 5th, 6th abdominal
segments.
168. (1)
Grasshoppers, locusts and cockroaches have
biting and cutting type of mouth parts. The mouth
parts of mosquito are piercing and sucking type;
and of house-fly is siphoning type.
169. (2)
Gizzard has an outer layer of thick circular
muscles and thick inner culicle forming six highly
chitinous plate called teeth. It helps in grinding
food particles.
170. (4)
In cockroaches, males bear a pair of short, thread
like anal styles which are absent in females. In
both sexes, the 10th segment bears a pair of jointed
filamentous structures called anal cerci.
171. (3)
Anal style is a pair of short, thread-like structure
present in males only. In both sexes, the 10th
segment bears of pair of jointed filamentous
structures called anal cerci.
172. (3)
They are commonly found in ducts of glands and
tubular parts of nephrons in kidneys.
173. (4)
A cell junction (or intercellular bridge) is a type
of structure that exists within the tissue of some
multicellular organisms, such as animals. Cell
junctions consist of multiprotein complexes that
provide contact between neighbouring cells or
between a cell and the extracellular matrix. There
are three major types of cell junctions: adherens
junctions, desmosomes and hemidesmosomes
(anchoring junctions); gap junctions
(communicating junction); tight junctions
(occluding junctions).
174. (2)
Connective tissue is a group of tissues in the body
that maintains the form of the body and its organs
and provides cohesion and internal support. The
connective tissues include several types of fibrous
tissue that vary only in their density and
cellularity, as well as the more specialized and
recognizable variants-bone, ligaments, tendons,
cartilage, and adipose (fat) tissue.
175. (1)
There are three ganglia lie in the thorax, and six in
the abdomen. Each eye consists of about 2000
hexagonal ommatidia.
176. (2)
177. (3)
Loose connective tissue (which includes areolar
tissue, reticular tissue, and adipose tissue) holds
organs in place and attaches epithelial tissue to
other underlying tissues. It also surrounds the
blood vessels and nerves. Cells called fibroblasts
are widely dispersed in this tissue. Dense regular
tissue includes tendons and ligaments. Tendon
connects skeletal muscle with a bone. Ligaments
attach one bone to another. Dense irregular tissue
includes skin. Specialized connective tissue
includes cartilage, bones and blood. Cartilage is a
rubbery tissue made by cells called chondroblasts.
It does not have any blood vessels within it so
healing is not easy if it is damaged and may not
occur at all if the damage is extensive enough.
Bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the
vertebral skeleton. It support and protect the
various organs of the body, produce red and white
blood cells, store minerals and also enable
mobility. Blood delivers necessary substances
such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and
transports metabolic waste products away.
178. (1)
179. (2)
180. (4)
Cartilage is a soft skeletal tissue (a specialized
connective tissue) which forms the endoskeleton
of the vertebrates. It is a vascular and nutrient are
diffused through the matrix.
181. (1)
The figure I & II represent dense regular and dense
irregular connective tissue respectively. In the
dense regular connective tissues, the collagen
fibres are present in rows between many parallel
bundles of fibres. Tendons and ligaments are
example of this tissue. Dense irregular connective
tissue has fibroblasts and many fibres (mostly
collagen) that are oriented differently. This tissue
is present in the skin.
182. (1)
The given figure represents the image of cartilage.
Cartilage is an important structural component of
the body. It is a firm tissue but is softer and much
more flexible than bone. It is a connective tissue
found in joints between bones e.g. the elbows,
knees and ankles; ends of the ribs; between the
vertebrae in the spine; ears and nose; bronchial
tubes or airways. Cartilage is made up of
specialized cells called chondrocytes (B). These
chondrocytes produce large amounts of
extracellular matrix composed of collagen (A)
fibres, proteoglycan, and elastin fibres. There are
no blood vessels in cartilage to supply the
chondrocytes with nutrients.
183. (2)
A - Crop; B - Gizzard; C - Hepatic cecae;
D - Malpighian tubule
Crop is a sac-like structure which store food. The
crop is followed by gizzard and proventriculus.
The gizzard has an outer layer of thick circular
muscles and thick inner cuticle; forming six highly
chitinous plate called teeth. Food particles are
ground in the gizzard. At the junction of foregut
and midgut, a ring of 6 - 8 blind tubules are
present. These are called gastric or hepatic cecae
and secrete digestive juice. Malpighian tubules are
the excretory organs which absorb nitrogenous
wastes and convert them into uric acid. Uric acid
is excreted out through the hindgut.
184. (2)
The given figures A, B and C are skeletal muscle,
smooth muscle and cardiac muscle respectively.
Skeletal muscle fibres occur in muscles which are
attached to the skeleton. They are striated in
appearance and are under voluntary control.
Smooth muscle fibres are located in walls of
hollow visceral organs, except the heart, appear
spindle-shaped, and are also under involuntary
control. Cardiac muscle cells are located in the
walls of the heart, appear striated, and are under
involuntary control.
185. (1)
The given figure shows the image of areolar tissue,
a type of loose connective tissue. Loose
connective tissue (which includes areolar tissue,
reticular tissue, and adipose tissue) is the most
common type of connective tissue in vertebrates.
It holds organs in place and attaches epithelial
tissue to other underlying tissues. It also surrounds
the blood vessels and nerves. Areolar tissues are
present beneath the skin and serve as a support
framework for epithelium. It contains fibroblast,
macrophages, collagen fibres and mast cells.
SECTION - B
186. (4)
Tissue 1 is columnar cells bearing cilia and tissue
2 is multicellular glandular epithelium.
Ciliated columnar epithelial cells possess fine
hair-like outgrowths, cilia on their free surfaces.
These cilia are capable of rapid, rhythmic,
wavelike beatings in a certain direction. This
movement of the cilia in a certain direction causes
the mucus, which is secreted by the goblet cells, to
move (flow or stream) in that direction. Ciliated
epithelium is usually found in the air passages like
the nose. It is also found in the uterus and fallopian
tubes of females. Columnar epithelium with
goblet cells is called glandular epithelium. Some
parts of the glandular epithelium consist of such a
large number of goblet cells that there are only a
few normal epithelial cells left.
187. (4)
Label 3 and 4 are respectively genital chamber and
vestibulum which is collectively called genital
pouch.
188. (4)
Without respiration, no animal can survive.
Cockroach is not as simple as Hydra where
oxygen can diffuse directly into the cells. There is
a system of tubes in cockroach, the tracheal
system, with the help of which oxygen goes
directly into the tissues by intracellular capillary
system.
189. (2)
If the head of cockroach is cut off, it will still alive
for as long as one week, because the head holds a
bit of a nervous system while the rest is situated
along the ventral part of the body.
190. (3)
Ligaments attach a bone with another bone in
movable/synovial joints. Broken or cut ligaments
make movement at joints very painful and
restricted.
191. (3)
The head is triangular in shape which lies
anteriorly at right angles to the longitudinal body
axis. The head is formed by the fusion of six
segments. The flexible neck facilitates movement
in all directions.
192. (3)
Epithelial tissue covers the body surface, or lines
the body cavity. The cells rest upon a non-cellular
basement membrane which is secreted by
epithelial cells. It is not nourished by blood, so
non-vascularized.
193. (2)
On the basis of the mode of pouring of secretion,
gland are divided into – (a) exocrine, and (b)
endocrine glands.
Exocrine glands secrete mucus, saliva, oil,
digestive enzymes and other cell products. These
products are released through ducts or tubes. In
contrast, endocrine glands do not have ducts. Their
products called hormones are secreted directly
into the fluid bathing the gland.
194. (4)
Collagen is the most abundant protein in the
human body. In the dense regular connective
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tissues, the collagen fibres are present in rows
between many parallel bundles of fibres. Tendons,
which attach skeletal muscles to bones are
example of this tissue.
195. (2)
Bone marrow is the flexible tissue in the interior
of bones. In humans, red blood cells are produced
by cores of bone marrow in the heads of long
bones in a process known as haematopoiesis. Bone
marrow is also a key component of the lymphatic
system, producing the lymphocytes that support
the body's immune system.
196. (4)
Loose connective tissue is a category of
connective tissue which includes areolar tissue,
reticular tissue, and adipose tissue. It holds organs
in place and attaches epithelial tissue to other
underlying tissues.
197. (1)
The neuroglial cells are non-excitable cells that
protect and support neurons.
198. (4)
Cell junctions come across most frequently in the
preparation of ciliated epithelium. A cell junction
is a structure within a tissue of a multicellular
organism. Cell junctions are especially abundant
in epithelial tissues. They consist of protein
complexes and provide contact between
neighbouring cells, between a cell and the
extracellular matrix, or they built up the
paracellular barrier of epithelia and control the
paracellular transport.
199. (3)
The columnar epithelium is composed of a single
layer of tall and slender cells. Their free surface
have microvilli found in the lining of stomach and
intestine and help in secretion and absorption.
200. (3)
Connective tissue fills the spaces between organs
and tissues, and provides structural and metabolic
support for other tissues and organs. The three
basic components of connective tissue are cells,
protein fibres and ground matrix.