Communication 1

COMMUNICATION 1
Table of Contents
UNIT 1: ADVERTISING ................................................................... 2
UNIT 2: MEDIA ................................................................................ 11
UNIT 3: CITY AND COUNTRYSIDE ........................................... 19
UNIT 4: MUSIC ................................................................................ 28
UNIT 5: SHOPPING ........................................................................ 36
UNIT 6: EDUCATION ..................................................................... 45
UNIT 7: HOBBIES ........................................................................... 53
UNIT 8: INTERNET ........................................................................ 61
UNIT 9: ENVIRONMENT .............................................................. 70
UNIT 10: FASHION ......................................................................... 80
UNIT 11: SPORTS ............................................................................ 93
UNIT 12: HEALTH ........................................................................ 107
1
UNIT 1: ADVERTISING
1. Vocabulary
STT Từ vựng Nghĩa
1 Advertising agency (n) Công ty quảng cáo
2 Advertising budget (n) Ngân sách quảng cáo
3 Brand awareness (n) Sự nhận thức về thương hiệu
4 Brand loyalty (n) Sự trung thành đối với thương hiệu
5 Celebrity endorsement (n) Quảng bá thương hiệu bằng người nổi

tiếng
6 Commercial break (n) Thời gian quảng cáo xen lẫn các chương
trình truyền hình TV
7 Commercial channel (n) Kênh truyền hình thương mại (kiếm tiền
bằng việc đăng quảng cáo)
8 Viral (adj) Trở nên nổi tiếng trên Internet trong một
thời gian ngắn
2
9 Viral marketing (n) Tiếp thị lan truyền (Hình thức Marketing
thông qua email hoặc mạng xã hội, chủ yếu
được người này gửi cho người kia)
10 Niche product (n) Sản phẩm ngách (Sản phẩm hướng tới các
đối tượng khách hàng có nhu cầu đặc biệt,
độc đáo)
11 Press release (n) Thông cáo báo chí
12 Press conference (n) Họp báo
13 Product placement (n) Quảng cáo sản phẩm bằng cách đưa sản
phẩm vào phim hoặc chương trình truyền
hình
14 Target audience (n) Khách hàng mục tiêu
15 Word of mouth (n) Sự truyền miệng về sản phẩm giữa người

với người
16 Social media (n) Mạng xã hội
17 Mailing list (n) Danh sách khách hàng gửi mail quảng cáo
18 Stimulate (v) Khuấy động, gây kích thích, gây hào hứng
19 Eye-catching (adj) Dễ gây chú ý, bắt mắt
20 Mass media (n) Các phương tiện truyền thông (TV, báo,
tạp chí)
21 Telemarketing (n) Tiếp thị qua điện thoại
22 Branding (n) Xây dựng thương hiệu
23 Billboard (n) Bảng quảng cáo
24 Flyer (n) Tờ rơi
25 Prime time (n) Giờ cao điểm (trong phát thanh, truyền
hình)
3
26 Copywriting (n) Việc viết bài quảng cáo
27 Slogan (n) Khẩu hiệu quảng cáo (của 1 sản phầm hoặc
công ty)
2. Structures
 Various forms of advertising (Sự đa dạng của các loại hình quảng cáo):
- There are various forms of advertising nowadays.
 The growth of the advertising industry (Sự phát triển của ngành công
nghiệp quảng cáo) / To reach a wide audience (Tiếp cận lượng lớn khán
giả) / Be due to + N, Be because + S + V (Bởi vì, là do):
- The reason for the growth of the advertising industry is because the businesses
nowadays want to reach a wide audience for their products.
- The growth of the advertising industry is due to the businesses’ goals to reach
a wide audience.
 To persuade people to do sth (Thuyết phục ai làm gì):
- The purpose of advertising is to persuade people to buy a product.
 Eye-catching images (Những hình ảnh bắt mắt):
- There are many eye-catching images in the advertisements of Pepsi that I am
watching now.
 The allure of advertised products (Sự lôi cuốn của các sản phẩm được
quảng cáo):
- The allure of advertised products is the reason for people to buy them.
3. Grammar
 Present Simple (Thì hiện tại đơn): S + V + O
- I see various forms of advertising everyday.
- I love the eye-catching images in Coca-Cola’s advertisements.
 Present Continuous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn): S + be + V-ing + O
- I am watching an advertisement with a lot of eye-catching images.
 Present Perfect (Hiện tại hoàn thành): S + has/have + V-ed/been + adj
- The advertising industry has grown very fast in the last 2 years.
 Past Simple (Quá khứ đơn): S + V-ed + O
- I watched an advertisement yesterday.
4
- Pepsi made a lot of eye-catching images in their advertisements last year to
reach a wide audience and persuade people to buy its products.
 Simple Future (Tương lai đơn): S + will + V + O
- Samsung will make various forms of advertisements next year.
- The advertising industry will grow faster in the next few years.
4. Q&A sample
Question list:
1. Are there many advertisements in your country?
2. Why do you think there are so many advertisements now?
3. What are the various places where we see advertisements?
4. What do you think about advertisements?
5. How can a celebrity negatively affect the brand image that they advertise for?
5
Suggested answers:
1. Are there many advertisements in your country?
Absolutely yes. Advertisements are a common sight in Vietnam, whether
it’s on TV, on websites or on social media.
2. Why do you think there are so many advertisements now?
I believe that the increasing number of advertisements is mainly due to the
fierce competition among companies nowadays. All brands want to promote their
products to a wide range of consumers and stand out from their rivals, so they are
willing to spend a lot of money on ads and marketing as well.
3. What are the various places where we see advertisements?
As I said earlier, advertisement are pretty much everywhere in my country.
Apart from TV commercials, magazines and newspapers, you can also see adverts
on buses, taxis and in coffee shops. When you go to bustling roundabouts in
Saigon such as Phu Dong or Dien Bien Phu, your eyes would be bombarded with
dozens of billboards from different brands. Each of them comes in different sizes
and is brilliantly designed with eye-catching colors and interesting slogans.
4. What do you think about advertisements?
Back when I was a little kid, I really enjoyed watching advertisements on
TV. Probably because they are pretty short and generally have catchy background
music. However, as I get older, I find advertisements rather annoying and
overwhelming sometimes, especially commercial breaks during a film because
they ruin the flow. Besides, advertisements that pop up on my laptop screen when
I am watching Youtube or surfing the Internet also get on my nerves.
5. How can a celebrity negatively affect the brand image that they advertise
for?
In fact, celebrities can have a negative effect on the brands that they endorse
through their scandals. As a matter of fact, the public will suppose that they are
not qualified enough to be a public image. Consequently, brands will suffer a great
loss and sales will drop dramatically. However, the most important thing is that
the brand will decrease in popularity with the general public.
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5. Practice
1
A. Listen and fill in the gaps
What is advertising? Is it (1) ____________ truth or is it making things look better
than they really are? (2) ____________ lying? Companies pay a lot of money for
adverts. Some of the ads you see (3) ____________ magazines look like art. The
commercials on TV look like mini movies. Do they really change our (4)
____________? Do adverts make you buy things? I think some advertising is a
form of lying. Is BMW really “The (5) ____________ driving (6) ____________”
like they say in their ads? British Airways used to say they were “The world’s (7)
____________ airline,” but had to stop saying it because it wasn’t true.
Personally, I get (8) ____________ watching ads on television. They always (9)
____________ a good programme. I like ads in magazines. They’re usually (10)
____________ interesting.
B. Match the words below with their meaning.

1. Artwork A) a little drawing that represents the company
2. Body copy B) a word or short sentence that gives the main
idea of the advert
3. Slogan C) a photo or drawing
4. Logo D) words that are in smaller letter that give more
information about what is being advertised
5. Headline E) a short phrase that is easy to remember and
represents the company e.g. “Just do it” (Nike)
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C. Look at the advertisement below and label the diagram using the
vocabulary in exercise B.
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6. Reading comprehensive
Anger over racist Chinese advert

There is anger on social media because of an advertisement for a Chinese
detergent. Newspapers are saying it may be the most racist advert ever. The
commercial was for the washing detergent company Qiaobi. In the ad, a young
woman puts a detergent tablet into the mouth of a black man. She pushes him
into a washing machine, closes the lid and then turns it on. The next scene shows
that the black man has turned white. The woman looks happy when she sees the
light-skinned man. The ad is a month old but went viral 24 hours ago. It was
shared on social media.
Many websites are attacking the ad. The site Buzzfeed called it, the "most racist
ad of 2016". It wrote: "The commercial will likely leave you feeling like you
need a shower." One blogger complained that Chinese companies do not
understand "the sensitivity of racism". The blogger said it was a shame that
racism was common in China. Another blogger asked: "How can…marketing
people have no knowledge of racism?" The owner of Qiaobi told the BBC that
he didn't realise the ad was racist. He said: "To be honest, I didn't really pay that
much attention to the advertisement."
The racist Chinese advertisement of detergent
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Stop Hate For Profit
A campaign group operating
under the hashtag "Stop Hate For
Profit" has severely dented the
market value of Facebook and
Twitter. The group is calling on
advertisers to suspend advertising
with the social media giants until
they reform their practices. In
particular, the group wants sites to be stricter in their moderation of posts the
group deems to be hate speech and misinformation. The value of Facebook's
stock plummeted by eight percent last Friday as Unilever halted its advertising.
A three per cent drop followed on Monday as major brands such as Starbucks
and Coca Cola said they would pause spending on the social media platform.
Facebook's value has nosedived by around $60 billion.
The Stop Hate For Profit campaign got going on June the 17th after several civil
rights groups and non-profit watchdogs collaborated. They formulated a
campaign to get social media platforms to address problems and biases in the
way they moderate content. They called for an advertising boycott and asked
advertisers to, "hit pause on hate". They said: "We are asking all businesses to
stand in solidarity with our most deeply held American values of freedom,
equality and justice and not advertise on [these] services in July." Facebook
CEO Mark Zuckerberg responded by announcing a series of new policies,
including a ban on hateful content and on posts making false claims about
voting.
10
UNIT 2: MEDIA
1. Vocabulary:
STT Từ Vựng Nghĩa
1 Online news (n) Báo điện tử
2 Broadsheet (n) Ấn phẩm khổ rộng
3 Weekly publication Ấn phẩm xuất bản hàng tuần (báo, tạp chí)
(n)
4 Media outlet (n) Truyền thông đại chúng (Báo, tạp chí, radio,
tv, internet)
5 Headlines (n) Tiêu đề, tít bài báo, điểm tin
6 Weather Bản tin dự báo thời tiết

forecast/report (n)
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7 Caption (n) Chú thích hình ảnh
8 Breaking news (n) Tin nóng
9 Paparazzi (n) Người săn ảnh
10 Journalist (n) Nhà báo
11 Photojournalist (n) Phóng viên nhiếp ảnh
12 Reporter (n) Phóng viên đưa tin
13 Commentator (n) Bình luận viên, người viết bình luận
14 Channel (n) Kênh
15 Distribute (v) Phát hành
16 Magazine (n) Tạp chí
17 Studio (n) Phòng thu
18 Newspaper (n) Tờ báo
19 Newsreader (n) Người đọc tin tức
20 Reality show (n) Truyền hình thực tế
21 Game show (n) Trò chơi truyền hình
22 Talk show (n) Chương trình đối thoại trên truyền hình
23 Broadcaster (n) Phát thanh viên, đài phát thanh truyền hình
24 Electronic media (n) Phương tiện truyền thông điện tử (Internet,

Radio, TV)
2. Structures
 To carry a story (Chứa đựng, truyền tải 1 câu chuyện):
- This newspaper always carries stories about successful people.
 Make front page headlines (Trở thành tin trang nhất, tin hot trên báo):
- Any information about celebrities can make front page headlines.
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 Breaking news (Tin hot, tin nóng hổi):
- I am watching a breaking news about the President’s scandal.
 Up to the minute (Được cập nhật từng phút):
- This channel always provides up-to-the-minute news of important events.
 Be wary of sth (Thận trọng với cái gì đó):
- People should be wary of the online news nowadays.
3. Grammar
- This newspaper always carries stories about successful people.
- Celebrities’ stories make front page headlines everyday.
- I am watching breaking news on television at the moment.
- At the moment, the scandal of Mr. President is making front page headlines.
- I have been wary of the news from this source since I knew that it was an
unreliable source.
- This newspaper has always carried celebrities’ stories since it was established.
- This channel provided up-to-the-minute news about the scandal yesterday.
- The scandal was really breaking news yesterday.
- I will be wary of this news channel in the future.
- I believe this scandal will make front page headlines tomorrow.
4. Q&A sample
Questions list:
1. Do you like watching advertisements on TV?
2. Do you think that advertisements on TV nowadays cause inconvenience for
people?
3. Where do most people in your country get their news?
4. Does the media in your country report the whole truth, mostly truth, or
mostly lies?
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Suggested answers:
1. Do you like watching advertisements on TV?
I have to say that I have developed an interest in watching advertisement
when I was a little child. They can be considered a kind of entertainment with
very beautiful images. They are extremely relaxing, brief and eye-catching.
2. Do you think that advertisements on TV nowadays cause inconvenience
for people?
As a matter of fact, the amount of time for commercials is roughly one third
of that for a TV program, which is very annoying. Actually, despite being
interested in watching advertisement, I myself feel that they are really interrupting
when I am enjoying a good film series or a TV show. Normal advertisements are
fine but those with inappropriate content, for example, those which are violent or
have adult-related issues may trigger anger for people.
3. Where do most people in your country get their news?
Newspapers and television are the most common media for getting news.
People who seriously like to know what is going on in the world tend to go for
these sources. However, presently, social media also has come in fore front in
sharing the news. One can now find and post what being done on social media
sites. These posts can be made either by the news channels or individuals.
4. Does the media in your country report the whole truth, mostly truth, or
mostly lies?
I think for the most part it tries to portray the truth to the citizens but the
problem is that the media also does not know the entire truth and they show the
only view of the entire story making it look like lie. But, then there are even times
when in my opinion, media tends to make up stories just to gain people’s attention
and earn money.
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5. Practice
2 A. Listen and fill in the gaps
Where _______________ we be without the media? How would we
get__________about the world? All of us are interested in the news. We all want
to _______________ what’s happening around the world. We switch the TV on
just to watch the news. It _______________ as though every train passenger has
a newspaper. The journalists who bring us the news do a very important job. Many
_______________their lives to bring us the news from the world’s danger zones.
Unfortunately, many reporters are killed while they are covering
a_______________. The media makes us feel we are part of the world. We
become_______________on other countries and on the big news stories. The
media also brings us many unforgettable images, such as a man walking on the
moon. Really, the media shows us_______________as it happens.
3 B. Circle True or False for these sentences.

1. An unusual URL can be a warning sign. True False
2. You should be suspicious of grammar mistakes. True False
3. You should ignore the choice of images. True False
4. You should register to find out who writes and True False
supports the site.
5. You should see if news outlets you trust are True False
reporting the same story.
6. If the same picture appears in a different context True False
on other websites, it’s a good sign.
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C. Crossword
Mass media
Across
4. a text post in a newspaper or internet or TV if you want to sell or buy
something
Down
1. paper printed daily or weekly with news or advertisements
2. broadcasting programmes for people to watch on their TVsets
3. small device for talking and connecting with people far from you
5. sending and receiving information through the air
6. the net used by millions of people all over the world to communicate and get
information
Newspaper Internet Radio Telephone Television Advertisement
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17
Social media 'destroying how society works
A former Facebook executive has said social media is doing great harm to
society around the world. The executive is a man called Chamath Palihapitiya.
He joined Facebook in 2007 and became a vice president. He was responsible
for increasing the number of users Facebook had. Mr Palihapitiya said he feels
very guilty about getting more people to use social networks. He said the
networks are destroying society because they are changing people's behavior.
Twenty years ago, people talked to each other face to face. Today, people
message each other and do not talk. People also really care about what other
people think of them. They post photos and wait to see how many people like
the photo. They get very sad if people do not like the photo.
Mr Palihapitiya said people should take a long break from social media so they
can experience real life. He wants people to value each other instead of valuing
online "hearts, likes, and thumbs-up". Palihapitiya also points out how fake
news is affecting how we see the world. It is becoming easier for large websites
to spread lies. It is also becoming easier to hurt other people online. Anyone
can hide behind a fake user name and post lies about other people. Palihapitiya
said this was a global problem. He is worried about social media so much that
he has banned his children from using it. However, he did state that Facebook
was a good company. He said: "Of course, it's not all bad. Facebook
overwhelmingly does good in the world."
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UNIT 3: CITY AND COUNTRYSIDE
1. Vocabulary
1 Urbanization (n) Sự đô thị hóa
2 Public transport Hệ thống giao thông công cộng

system (n)
3 Traffic jams (n) Tắc đường
4 Rush hour (n) Giờ cao điểm
5 Air pollution (n) Sự ô nhiễm không khí
6 Convenient (adj) Dễ chịu, thoải mái
7 Job opportunity (n) Cơ hội việc làm
8 Wealth inequality (n) Sự phân biệt giàu nghèo
9 Population (n) Dân số
19
10 Advanced medical Phúc lợi y tế chất lượng cao
care (n)
11 Overcrowding (n) Sự đông đúc
12 Overcrowded (adj) Đông đúc
13 Resident (n) Cư dân
14 Residential Area (n) Khu dân cư
15 Infrastructure (n) Cơ sở hạ tầng
16 Living costs (n) Chi phí sinh hoạt
17 Vibrant (adj) Sôi động, náo nhiệt
18 Mountainous area (n) Vùng núi, vùng có nhiều núi đồi
19 Megacity (n) Siêu đô thị
20 Life pace (n) Nhịp sống
21 Local people (n) Người bản địa
22 The rat race (n) Phong cách sống cạnh tranh, những cuộc
chạy đua trong cuộc sống để theo đuổi những
giá trị vật chất
23 Urban (adj) Thuộc vùng thành phố
24 Rural (adj) Thuộc vùng nông thôn, miền quê
20
25 City skyline (n) Cao ốc
26 Industrial zone (n) Khu công nghiệp
27 High-rise flat (n) Căn hộ cao tầng
28 No-go area (n) Khu vực cấm vào
29 Pavement cafe (n) Cà phê vỉa hè
30 Pedestrian street (n) Phần đường dành cho người đi bộ
= Pedestrian zone (n)
31 Block of flats (n) Tòa chung cư
32 Office block (n) Tòa nhà văn phòng
33 Shopping mall (n) Trung tâm thương mại
34 Skyscraper (n) Tòa nhà chọc trời
2. Structures
 I prefer N to N (Tôi thích cái gì hơn cái gì):
- I prefer the city to the countryside.
 More… than… . (So sánh hơn):
- The countryside is more beautiful than the city.
 Prefer to do sth = Prefer doing sth (Thích làm gì hơn):
- I prefer to live in the city/I prefer living in the city.
3. Grammar
- I prefer the city to the countryside.
- She likes living in the city more than in the countryside.
- The city has more buildings than the countryside.
- She is working for a big company in New York city.
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- I have lived in this city for 10 years.
- I lived in the countryside when I was 10.
- It will be better to live in the city than in the countryside in the next 3 years.
- I will prefer living in the city in 2022.
4. Q&A sample
Questions list:
1. What advantages does living in the countryside have, compared to living in a
city?
2. Have areas of countryside in your country changed since you were a child?
3. Do you think that visits to the countryside should be something that schools
offer to their children?
22
Suggested answers:
1. What advantages does living in the countryside have, compared to living
in a city?
I think there are some clear advantages to live in the countryside. First of
all, with the clean air and lack of traffic or industrial zone, countryside areas are
much healthier places than the average city. Another benefit would be the sense
of community that comes with living in a small village where everyone knows
each other. Finally, it seems to me that the pace of life in the countryside is slower,
and the people are more laid back and friendly, compared to the hustle and bustle
and the stress of city life.
2. Have areas of countryside in your country changed since you were a
child?
No, they haven’t changed very much where I live. The reason for this is
that countryside areas close to Manchester tend to be protected, and so
construction is not allowed. For example, I live quite close to an area called the
Peak District, and nothing seems to have changed there since I was young; the
hills, the paths and woodland areas are just the same as they were.
3. Do you think that visits to the countryside should be something that
schools offer to their children?
Yes, I think it’s a great idea for schools to take children on trips to the
countryside, especially if those children live in a large town or city. A visit to the
countryside can be both relaxing and educational; children can go for a walk in
the fresh air, and at the same time see animals and plants that they may never have
seen before. If schools don’t offer this opportunity, some children will never see
life outside the city.
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5. Practice
4 A. Answer these questions about the interview.
1) How does the 1st speaker feel about the people in the city?
 They make it difficult to move around
 It is crowded in a good way
2) Why would the 2nd speaker want a house in the city?
 He likes the noise and energy
 He wants to socialize there
3) What does the 3rd speaker like about his life in the country?
 He lives on a farm
 He has time for his hobbies
4) Why was growing up in the country difficult for the 4th speaker?
 The animals were a big problem
 There wasn't very much to do
5) What does the 5th speaker dislike about the city?
 Life is fast and stressful
 It is too relaxed
6) The 6th speaker prefers life in the city because he _________.
 Gets scared when he's alone
 He likes to go places
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B. Complete the lists with the words provided in the box.
THE POSITIVE SIDE
● fresh air
● easy access to culture
(museums, exhibitions…)
● more job opportunities
● helpful neighbours
● peaceful and quiet
● plenty of entertainment
(cinema, parks, concerts...)
● fabulous landscapes
● modern public transport
● more open spaces
● lots of conveniences (shops,
restaurants...)
● relaxed and healthy lifestyle
● cheaper cost of living
THE NEGATIVE SIDE: ●Complete the gaps

more housing with the words provided in the boxes.
options
● good health care (hospitals)

COUNTRY LIFE: Living in the countryside may be more relaxing, but it can
get (1) __________________●asclose
life iscontact
slower.with
Therenature
is less to do to have (2) 1. fun
______________, like going to the cinema or shopping centre. It is also 2. job
more (3) __________________ ● attractive, exciting
to get to places lifestyleoften there are no
because 3. tiring
good public transport systems. Getting a (4) _________________ in the 4. boring
country may also be harder. Most jobs are in the city so people have to (5) 5. drive
________________ there every day and this can be (6) _________________. 6. difficult
CITY LIFE: Living in the city may be exciting but it is also (1)
______________________. The crime rate is higher and people may feel less 1. crowded
(2) __________________ than in the countryside. Also, there is more (3) 2. lonely
_________________ because of the cars. So there are more traffic jams. 3. dangerous
Cities are bigger and so they are more (4) ______________. City life is faster 4. stressed
and people are often so busy and (5) ________________ that they don’t 5. pollution
have time to pay much attention to their neighbours. Some people may also 6. secure
feel (6) ____________.
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The Town mouse and the Country mouse
This is Country Mouse's home. One day his friend, Town Mouse, comes to
see him. 'Hello, Country Mouse!' says Town Mouse. 'Hello, my friend!' says
Country Mouse.
There's a lot to eat. But Town Mouse thinks the food is strange. He doesn't
like it very much. So he only eats a little bit. 'Please have some more,' says
Country Mouse. 'It's very nice,' says Town Mouse, 'but no thank you.'
Country Mouse gives Town Mouse his bed. ‘You can have my bed tonight’:
he says. 'Thank you’: says Town Mouse.
But Country Mouse's bed is strange. Town Mouse doesn't like it very much.
He can't go to sleep. It's very dark and quiet.
In the morning Town Mouse is tired. But Country Mouse isn't tired. 'Come
on!' he says. 'Let's go and get some food.'
The grass is long and wet. Town Mouse's feet and trousers are wet. He doesn't
like the country very much!
There's a cow in the field. 'Oh!' cries Town Mouse 'What's that?' 'It's only a
cow!' Laughs Country Mouse.
'Do you like the country?' asks Country Mouse. 'It's very strange here,' says
Town Mouse. 'It's very interesting. It's different. But I think I like the town best.'
26
'Life is good in the country.' says Country Mouse. 'Yes.' says Town Mouse.
'But I like the town better. It's nice and warm and dry in the town. It isn't dark
at night and there's a lot to see. It's very interesting. And the food! Oh, there's a
lot of food! Let's go there. Come with me and see.'
The next day the two mice see a cart. It's going to town. 'Hurry up you sheep!'
says the man. 'I want to go to town.' 'Listen,' says Town Mouse. 'That cart's
going to town. Come on.'
Soon Town Mouse is home. 'Ah!' he says happily. 'It's good to be home again.'
But Country Mouse thinks: 'What a lot of noise! What a lot of people!'
The house is very big. Country Mouse doesn't like it very much.
Suddenly there's a strange noise. 'Oh! What's that?' he says. 'It's only the
clock’: Laughs Town Mouse. 'Look! I live there. Let's go and eat. Come on!'
There's a lot to eat. But Country Mouse thinks the food is strange. He doesn't
like it very much. So he only eats a little bit. 'Please have some more,' says
Town Mouse. 'It's very nice,' says Country Mouse, 'but no thank you.'
Town Mouse gives Country Mouse his bed. 'You can have my bed tonight,'
he says. 'Thank you,' says Country Mouse.
But Town Mouse's bed is strange. Country Mouse doesn't like it very much.
He can't go to sleep. It isn't dark in the room and the street is very noisy.
In the morning Country Mouse is tired. But Town Mouse isn't tired. 'Come
on!' he says. 'Let's go and get some food.'
But there's a cat and they can't go out.
At last the cat goes away. The two mice are very hungry.
Suddenly, Country Mouse sees something. 'Look!' he shouts. 'Cheese!'
'STOP!' shouts Town Mouse. 'Don't touch that! It's a trap!'
'Do you like the town?' asks Town Mouse. 'It's very strange here’: says Country
Mouse. 'It's interesting. It's different. But I think I like the country best.'
'Life is good in the town’: says Town Mouse. 'Yes’: says Country Mouse. 'But
I like the country better. It's nice and quiet in the country.' 'I understand’: says
Town Mouse. 'We like different things.'
The next day they see a cart. It's going to the country. 'Hurry up you children,'
says the driver. 'I want to go to the country.' 'Listen,' says Country Mouse. 'That
cart's going to the country. Goodbye my friend. Thank you.' 'Write to me,' says
Town Mouse.
Soon Country Mouse is home. He's in the country. He sits by the .fire. 'Ah!' he
says happily. 'It's good to be home again.'
27
UNIT 4: MUSIC
1. Vocabulary
1 Lyrics (n) Lời bài hát
2 Melody (n) Giai điệu
3 Rhythm (n) Nhịp điệu
4 Note (n) Nốt nhạc
5 Duet (n) Màn trình diễn song ca
6 Solo (n) Màn trình diễn đơn ca
7 Instrument (n) Nhạc cụ
8 Speakers (n) Loa
28
9 Symphony (n) Nhạc giao hưởng
10 Orchestra (n) Dàn nhạc giao hưởng
11 Composer (n) Nhà soạn nhạc
12 Musician (n) Nhạc công
13 Performer (n) Nghệ sĩ biểu diễn
14 Music taste (n) Gu âm nhạc
15 Music festival (n) Ngày hội âm nhạc
16 Sing along (v) Hát theo (ai đó, hoặc bài hát gì)
17 Catchy (adj) Bắt tai, dễ nghe
18 Audience (n) Khán giả, người nghe
19 Debut album (n) Album lần đầu ra mắt
20 Record (v/n) Thu âm, bản thu âm
22 Recording studio (n) Phòng thu âm
23 Drummer (n) Người chơi trống
24 National anthem (n) Quốc ca
25 Stage (n) Sân khấu
collocations
2. Structures
 Sing in tune (Hát đúng tông), sing out of tune (Hát lệch tông):
- He can never sing in tune.
- He always sings out of tune.
 Listen to music (Nghe nhạc):
- I listen to music everyday.
 Be into sth (Yêu thích, đam mê cái gì):
- I am really into music.
- He is really into Michael Jackson’s songs.
29
 Have a talent for music (Có năng khiếu âm nhạc):
- She has a natural talent for music.
 Play music by ear (Chơi nhạc không cần nhìn lời bài hát hoặc nhìn bản
nhạc):
- He is so talented that he plays music by ear all the time.
 Release the album (Ra mắt album):
- Justin Bieber releases a new album every year.
 Tone deaf (Không phân biệt được độ cao các nốt – điếc tông):
- He loves singing to the song even he is tone deaf.
3. Grammar
- He listens to music everyday.
- She is really into Justin Bieber’s songs.
- Miley Cyrus releases a new album.
- She is listening to her favourite songs.
- I have been tone-deaf for 10 years.
- I played music by ear yesterday.
- John Mayer released his first album in 2002.
- I won’t listen to Rihanna’s songs again.
- I will try to sing in tune next time we meet.
4. Q&A sample
Question list:
1. Why do you think that some local singers or musicians aren’t as successful as
some from other countries?
2. Do you think there will be further changes in the music industry in the future?
3. Do you think older and younger generations prefer different types of music?
4. Have you ever been to a concert before?
30
Suggested answers:
1. Why do you think that some local singers or musicians aren’t as
successful as some from other countries?
I think that fame is sometimes simply the luck of the draw. I think those
born in United States or other developed countries who play a large role in pop
culture are the ones who find success more easily. I think it’s unfair that some are
born with privileges that will eventually lead them to fame and wealth. For
example, as you see, many famous singers are those who were already born rich
or with famous parents.
2. Do you think there will be further changes in the music industry in the
future?
As with all things, I believe that the music industry will definitely continue
to change. I see that nowadays music is relying more on electronic devices rather
than human hands, like in the olden days. I think nowadays someone doesn’t even
need to pick up an instrument to be a musician. I firmly believe that the music
industry will become more reliant on technology.
3. Do you think older and younger generations prefer different types of
music?
It clear for me that different ages enjoy different kinds of music. Young
people tend take fast and strong rhythm while elders take classical one as they
want enjoy great teaching rhythm, lyrics and harmony.
4. Have you ever been to a concert before?
I attend a concert, once in a blue moon, since the ticket price for foreign
artists’ concerts is out of my reach. So I can only stay at home and watch online.
It was in 2014 that I finally did go to a concert on my own and it was an
international music concert. It was absolutely mind-blowing and an unforgettable
experience.
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5. Practice
5 A. Listen to the song and complete the lyrics.
I'm sitting here in the (1) ______________________ room
It's just another (2) ______________________ Sunday afternoon
I'm wasting my (3) ______________________
I got nothing to do
I'm hanging around
I'm (4) ___________ing for you
But nothing ever happens and I (5) ______________________
I'm (6) ___________ing around in my car
I'm driving too fast
I'm driving too (7) ______________________
I'd like to change my point of view
I feel so (8) ______________________
I'm waiting for (9) ___________
But nothing ever happens and I wonder
I wonder how
I wonder why
Yesterday you told me 'bout the blue blue sky
And all that I can see is just a yellow (10) ______________________
I'm (11) __________ing my head up and (12) ___________
I'm turning turning turning turning turning around
And all that I can (13) ______________________ is just another
(14) ______________________
B. Match the music style with its description. What is your favourite
music style? Explain why.
a) a type of music of black American origin which

emerged at the beginning of the 20th century,
1. classical
characterized by improvisation and usually a
regular or forceful rhythm
b) a form of popular music originating in the rural
2. rock’n’roll
southern US. It is a mixture of ballads and dance
32
tunes played characteristically on fiddle, banjo,
guitar, and pedal steel guitar
c) music written in the European tradition during a
period lasting approximately from 1750 to 1830,
3. rap
when forms such as the symphony, concerto, and
sonata were standardized
e) a type of popular dance music originating in the
5. country music 1950s, characterized by a heavy beat and simple
melodies
g) a type of popular music of US black origin in
6. jazz which words are recited rapidly and rhythmically
over an instrumental backing
C. Fill in these letters in the correct place. One letter is extra:

a) used to go to clubs and pop concerts
b) with some birthday money
c) to any concerts for ages
d) used to sing to me
e) started going to concerts
f) because of two years inside the musical school
Hi! My name is Andrew Dotson. I’m twenty now. I love music. My

earliest memory of music is the song my mother (1)
_______________________ when I was about three or four. I used to have
music lessons at school too. My mother wanted me to take up the piano, but I
didn’t like it at all because I loved to play the guitar. When I was ten I bought
my first record (2) ____________________. I think it was the record by the
Beatles.
As I grew older, my musical taste changed. When I was a teenager, we
(3) ________________ to groups playing live, mostly rock and pop and that
sort of thing. At that time I didn’t like classical music at all; later when I went
to university, I really got into classical music and (4) _______________ I was
particular keen on opera.
Nowadays, I listen to all sorts of music, but I’m not too keen on loud rock
music. On the whole I prefer classical music and opera, but I still listen to pop
music in my car and play the guitar sometimes. I haven’t been (5) ___________,
but I’ve always got a CD on at home. Music is an important part in my life.
33
First woman to conduct oldest music festival

A woman will conduct an orchestra at the world's oldest and biggest music festival
for the first time ever. The BBC Proms started 118 years ago, include 92 concerts
over 8 weeks, but have never had a female conductor. American Marin Alsop will
take charge of the orchestra for the final concert – the legendary Last Night of the
Proms. This is a distinctly British occasion to celebrate the "pomp and
circumstance" of Britain. Ms Alsop told the BBC: "I think the fact that I'm an
American woman, conducting the last night of the Proms is really a statement."
Talking of her achievement, she said: "I'm extraordinarily proud to be the first
woman, but I'm also sad that it's 2013 and there still can be firsts for women."
The director of the Proms Roger Wright said he was happy to be part of changing
the "man's world" of conducting. He said: "Marin hasn't been chosen because she
is a woman conductor. She knows and loves the Proms." Ms Alsop said: "I always
enjoy working with the British orchestral musicians and I'm particularly looking
forward to interacting with the audience, who play such a crucial role in making
this a night that is utterly unique and special. It is a great honour that I know will
be a highlight for me." She added: "The whole world is watching you. You're
addressing the biggest audience of your career. It's the nearest a classical musician
gets to an acceptance speech at the Oscars."
34
Taylor Swift pulls album
from Apple Music
The U.S. pop star Taylor Swift has
removed her best-selling album '1989'
from Apple Music. The 25-year-old
singer-songwriter said she disagreed
with the way Apple is giving her music
away for free. Apple Music is Apple's
new music streaming service that starts
on June 30th. Anyone can sign up for a
free trial and get the first three months without paying. Swift says this is wrong
and that Apple should pay artists for these three months. After the initial trial
period, subscribers will pay a monthly fee of $9.99. She wrote an open letter
suggesting that Apple was being greedy. She said: "We don't ask [Apple] for
free iPhones. Please don't ask us to provide you with our music for no
compensation."
Swift further outlined her criticism of Apple Music in her letter. She wrote: "I'm
not sure you know that Apple Music will not be paying writers, producers, or
artists for those three months." She added that it was very unlike Apple to be so
"unfair," saying: "I find it to be shocking, disappointing, and completely unlike
this historically progressive and generous company." She told people that Apple
had the money to pay artists for the three months. She said: "We know how
astronomically successful Apple has been and we know that this incredible
company has the money to pay artists….Three months are long time to go
unpaid, and it is unfair to ask anyone to work for nothing."
35
UNIT 5: SHOPPING
1. Vocabulary
1 Shopping bag (n) Túi mua hàng
2 Shopping list (n) Danh sách mua sắm
3 Price (v) Giá tiền
4 Queue (n/v) Hàng, xếp hàng (ở khu mua sắm)
36
5 Brand (n) Thương hiệu
6 Shop assistant (n) Nhân viên bán hàng
7 Wallet (n) Ví
8 Bill (n) Hóa đơn
9 Refund (n/v) Hoàn trả lại (Hàng hóa, tiền bạc)
10 Cashier (n) Người thu ngân
11 Change (n) Tiền thừa
12 Bargain (n/v) Sự thương lượng, mặc cả/Thương lượng,

mặc cả
13 Coupon (n) Phiếu giảm giá
14 Retailer (n) Người bán lẻ
15 Wholesaler (n) Người bán buôn
16 Trolley (n) Xe đẩy hàng
17 Counter (n) Quầy
18 Expensive (adj) Đắt tiền
19 Cheap (adj) Rẻ tiền
20 Fitting room (n) Phòng thay đồ
21 Reasonable price (n) Giá hợp lí
22 Customer (n) Khách hàng
37
23 Shopaholic (n) Người nghiện mua sắm
24 Go shopping (v) Đi mua sắm
2. Structures
 Cost an arm and a leg (Rất đắt):
- This pair of shoes costs an arm and a leg.
 Get into debt (Nợ tiền):
- I will get into debt if I spend all of my money on shopping.
 Pay in cash (Trả bằng tiền mặt):
- I don’t have a credit card so I will pay in cash.
 Shop until sb drop (Mua sắm quá nhiều thứ):
- She shops until she drops everyday.
 Shop around (Thử và so sánh giá tại nhiều cửa hàng trước khi mua):
- I will shop around before I decide to buy this.
 Spend money on sth/V-ing:
- I spend 100$ on shopping/buying clothes every weekend.
3. Grammar
- This shirt costs an arm and a leg.
- I shop around every time I go shopping.
- She is shopping around with her friends right now.
- I have spent too much money on buying clothes since I was in high school.
- I shopped until I dropped yesterday.
- I shopped around before buying this shirt yesterday.
- I won’t spend a lot of money on shopping any more.
- I will spend 1000$ to buy that car tomorrow.
38
4. Q&A sample
Question list:
1. Do you enjoy shopping?
2. How often do you go shopping?
3. Where do you usually shop?
4. What is the most expensive item that you have purchased?
39
Suggested answers:
1. Do you enjoy shopping?
I do. It’s not that I’m a shopaholic or something. I just enjoy the activity
itself so much, you know. I like wandering around shopping malls and spending
spree. Trying on snazzy, up-to-the-minute clothes though I cannot afford is like
therapy to me. I also like shopping for groceries. Whenever I walk into a grocery
store, it’s the instant feeling of freshness that always excites me.
2. How often do you go shopping?
Almost every month, I think. But usually, I don’t plan ahead. I’m an
impulse shopper and sometimes, it’s quite compulsive. I don’t usually try to catch
on new fashion trends but whenever I have an eye for an item, I bought it without
a second thought.
3. Where do you usually shop?
Well actually I have a list of shops because each shop represents different
styles, you know. And I know a lot of girls today like to try on designer clothes,
but I prefer clothes on the street because they’re more affordable. So, I often drive
around the city center which is where all the shops are, to browse and buy new
clothes.
4. What is the most expensive item that you have purchased?
Although I love purchasing new clothes and shoes, the priciest thing I have
ever bought for myself is the watch I’m wearing. I’m a big fan of this brand so
the minute I saw the advertisement of the watch on its website, I decided that I
had to have it though it costed an arm and a leg. The watch is cost-expensive due
to its simple yet chic style that easily goes with any kinds of clothes. Also, it’s
durable.
40
5. Practice
1. What size of the T-shirt does the customer want? ________________
2. Does the shop have a medium size purple T-shirt? _______________
3. What color of the T-shirt does the customer try on? ______________
4. Does the customer buy the red T-shirt? ________________________
5. How much does it cost? ____________________________________
6. Does the customer pay by credit card or in cash? ________________
B. Match the phrasal verbs with their definitions:
Phrasal verb Meaning

1. take off ____ A. To remove an item of clothing.
2. throw away ____ B. To choose something.
3. try on ____ C. To put something in your wardrobe or drawer.
4. put on ____ D. To coordinate with another item.
5. put away ____ E. To search for something.
6. wear out ____ F. To collect something.
7. give away ____ G. To place an item of clothing on your body.
8. get into ____ H. To ruin an item of clothing through repeated use.
9. pick up ____ I. To donate clothes to another person.
10. pick out ____ J. To fit your body in an item of clothing.
11. look for ____ K. To check an item of clothing fits you.
12. go with ____ L. To dispose of an item of clothing.
C. Complete this text with the following words or expressions:
In excellent condition – as good as new – the latest model – state of the art –
second-hand – used – available now – on the market – hand-crafted – brand
new – made by hand – still in its packaging – feature – includes – some wear
and tear – not in perfect condition – unique – one of a kind – come in a wide
range of colours and sizes – choose from a selection of
41
Let’s go shopping the net
Buying and selling on the Internet has become popular in the last ten
years, especially since mobile phones have become more and more
essential. One of my favourite apps is Wallapop, which allows you to
buy and sell (1).......................... things that are (2)..................................,
one click access.
Some products might be (3).............................., but others can be
(4).........................., although I think they can’t be
(5)..................................... as when you get them from the shop.
However, it’s possible to find something (6).............................., because
the owner never opened the box or because the product was a present
and he/she had already had a similar one. Things in Wallapop are usually
(7)................. or with (8)............................. and because of that, users
must ask for a lower price. The app is not a shop, so of course you can’t
(9).................................... models. If you are looking for online
shopping, the best option is Asos, where you can find clothes which
(10)............................................... This website (11)...................... some
filters to look for specific things, and everything is (12)......................
Another (13)....................... of Wallapop is the possibility of finding
(14)....................... products, whose sellers have (15)..............................:
brooches, necklaces, dolls... They may be (16).................... and probably
a (17)............................., much better than the things you can find in the
traditional stores, so this is perfect if you want to have something
(18)............................. So think about it: wether you want to get
(19)............................... or you are an antique lover, the net has a lot to
do for you because nowadays almost everything is
(20).............................!
42
43
Women have to pay more in shops
Women have to pay

a lot more in stores than
men for almost the
same things. A new study
by The Times newspaper in Britain found that many products for women cost
up to twice as much as similar products for men. Researchers looked at hundreds
of goods in the UK's biggest shops. They found that women's clothes and beauty
products and girls' toys were on average 36 per cent more expensive than
products for men and boys. One store charged over $7 more for a pink scooter
aimed at girls than a black one. Another store charged double the price for ten
razors simply because they were pink. Researchers said Levi's 501 jeans for
women are on average 46 per cent more expensive than those for men.
The Times called this "sexist" pricing. Other people have called it a "gender
tax". Maria Miller, the chairwoman of the British government's women and
equalities committee, called it a "rip-off". She said she would ask Britain's
government to look into this to see if there was price discrimination. Britain's
Financial Times (FT) newspaper said: "Perhaps women tend to be busier and
have less time to shop around. Or perhaps they care more about quality when it
comes to deodorant or shampoo, whereas men just want something cheap."
However, the FT said men paid more for some things and questioned why the
journalists did not look at the price differences for things that appeal more to
men.
44
UNIT 6: EDUCATION
1. Vocabulary
1 To attend classes (v) Tham gia các lớp học
2 Bachelor degree (n) Bằng cử nhân
3 Boarding school (n) Trường nội trú
Học từ xa (khóa học có các bài giảng trên
4 Distance learning (n)
Internet)
5 Face-to-face classes (n) Lớp học thực tế có giảng viên và học viên
To fall behind with your
6 Trễ tiến độ
study (v)
7 To give feedback (v) Đưa ra nhận xét, phản hồi
A graduation ceremony
8 Lễ tốt nghiệp
(n)
45
Bậc học cao hơn (thường nói về cao đẳng và
9 Higher education (n)
đại học)
10 An intensive course (n) Khóa học chuyên sâu
To keep up with your
11 Theo kịp với bài học
studies (phrv)
To learn sth by heart
12 Học thuộc lòng
(phrv)
Học viên là người đã đi
13 A mature student (n)
làm
14 Master degree (n) Bằng thạc sĩ
15 To meet a deadline (v) Hoàn thành công việc đúng hạn
16 To play truant (v) Trốn học
Private language school
17 Trường học tư
(n)
18 Public/State schools (n) Trường học công
Trường nữ sinh/ nam sinh (chỉ dành cho một
19 A single-sex school (n)
giới)
20 To sit an exam (v) Tham gia vào kỳ thi
21 Subject specialist (n) Chuyên viên trong một môn học
To take a year out/take a Dành một năm để đi du lịch hoặc đi làm
22
gap year (v) trước khi học đại học
23 Tuition fees (n) Học phí
To work your way
24 Đi làm để lấy tiền trang trải học phí
through university (v)
2. Structures
 Concentrate on sth (Tập trung vào một việc gì đó):
- Some people think it is more effective to educate boys and girls in single-sex
schools because they believe this environment reduces distractions and
encourages pupils to concentrate on their studies.
46
 Form the basis of sth (Tạo cơ sở/nền tảng cho sự vật/sự việc):
- Traditional ways of teaching form the basis of the lesson.
 The aims of education (Mục tiêu giáo dục):
- The aims of education should not be restricted to the development of
knowledge or skill.
 Meet the demand of (Thỏa mãn nhu cầu/Đạt yêu cầu về……):
- Economic globalization requires more culturally competent university
graduates who can meet the new market demand.
 Inform sb about sth (cho ai biết về sự vật/sự việc):
- Studying geography informs us about the different kinds of relationships that
develop between a particular environment and the people who live there.
3. Grammar
 Present Continuous (Hiện tại tiếp diễn): S + am/is/are + V-ing
- I am studying English now.
 Past Perfect (Quá khứ hoàn thành): S + had + VpII
- He had gone out when I came into the house.
4. Q&A sample
Questions list:
1. Have you graduated or are you still studying?
2. Can you tell me something about your education?
3. Could you tell me something about your educational background?
4. What was/is your major? What did you major in? Why did you choose… as
your major?
47
Suggested answer:
1. Have you graduated or are you still studying?
I’m now in the final year of my Master program, working on my
dissertation. I enjoy my research a lot.
2. Can you tell me something about your education?
Well, first I went to primary school and high school in my hometown. Then,
I took the entrance examination into Technology University, majoring in
engineering. I studied water management for 4 years and graduated in 2006. After
that, I went on with postgraduate course in another university for two years.
3. Could you tell me something about your educational background?

Yes. After graduation from senior middle school, I went to Ho Chi Minh
City University of Information Technology to study computer science for 4 years
and got a Bachelor’s degree. Then, I was assigned to work in the local government
in Dong Nai. It was very boring, just some office work, nothing challenging at all.
Two years later, I wanted to broaden my knowledge, so I quit my job and went to
Ho Chi Minh University of Technology for my Master’s degree. Then, ever since
2003 when I joined my current company, I have been working as a programmer.
4. What was/is your major? What did you major in? Why did you choose…
as your major?
Well, my parents and my high school teacher chose it for me because I was
very young then and they helped me make the decision. They said that this major
would be very popular in the next 5 years, and the job opportunity would be very
promising if I chose this major. And of course, they were right.
48
5. Practice
Number of modules
per year
Topic of Term 1
1. _________ Teacher: Mr Taylor
module:
Topic of Term 2
2. _________ Teacher: 3. ________
module:
Topic of Term 3
4. _________ Teacher: Miss Holiday
module:
Topic of Term 4
5. _________ Teacher: 6. ________
module:
Exam 1 Questions
7. _________ 8. ________
Length: about:
Exam 2 Questions
9. _________ 10. ________
Length: about:
Homework
11. _________ Time: 12. ________
How often?
Coursework
Length of 14. ________
Total number of 13. _________
each: words
projects this year:
Fieldwork
15. _________
How often?
B. Insert the words from above into the most appropriate sentences
below to form the correct idioms
all-nighter blank bookworm cap colours copycat

dog dropout grade heart knocks pet Rs
ropes school schoolboy swot truant
49
1) He passed the exam because he is a ________________. He kept looking at the
answers on the paper of the student sitting next to him. (Use the work of another and
claim it as one’s own)
2) My son doesn’t like school very much and keeps playing _______________. If
he keeps missing classes he will have serious problems when he gets older.
(Deliberately not going to school)
3) My mother is a real ______________. She is always reading and seems to know
everything. It has made her quite unsocial, to be honest. (Very studious or a lover
of books)
4) He is a real ______________ and has already revised everything he needs to in
order to pass the exam. (Very well revised and studious)
5) In a civilised society, all children should be educated to at least the basics in the
three __________. (Be able to read, write and do basic calculations)
6) I went to the School of Hard ______________ and the University of Life. It’s the
best form of education there is. There is nothing I’m not prepared for. (Life
experience)
7) I can’t get my father to use the latest software. He is too used to the older version.
You can’t teach an old ____________ new tricks! (Train somebody who is very
accustomed to doing things a different way.)
8) It took me a while to learn the ____________ when I first started in this job but it
all seems pretty routine now. (Learn all the procedures and routines and get used to
them)
9) She had a good relationship with her teacher at school and was often labelled as a
teacher's __________ as a result. (Somebody who is favoured by the teacher)
10) It’s a tricky issue and is going to require considerable thought to be able to solve
it. I’ll have to put on my thinking _____________ before deciding what to do. (To
ponder carefully)
11) He passed his English exam with flying ____________. He did a lot better than
we expected. (Easily with high marks)
12) We had to learn our multiplication tables by ____________ when we were
children. (To memorise)
13) My mother is old ____________ when it comes to cooking. She would never eat
anything straight from a packet. (Very traditional)
14) Although he was a high school ____________, he started his own business at the
age of 18 and went on to build the second biggest restaurant chain in the country.
(Didn’t complete a full course of education)
15) Publishing a full list of demands before the negotiations had even finished was
a classic _____________ error. A politician of that calibre should not have done
that. (Obvious and stupid mistake)
16) We had several mathematicians working on the problem but they all drew a
___________. (Unable to provide an answer after a great deal of effort)
17) The selection process is very tough and very few candidates make the
___________.
(Reach the required standard)
18) I knew nothing about the last exam and had to pull an _______________ the
night before in order to revise. (Study all night)
50
Cambridge University may end handwritten exams

The world-renowned Cambridge University is considering abolishing
handwritten exams after 800 years. University officials may ask students to type
their exam answers on a computer rather than use a pen. The move follows
complaints from examination markers who say they are finding test papers
increasingly illegible due to poor handwriting. Academics say today's students
primarily use laptops in lectures and tutorials instead of pens. Students are losing
the ability to write by hand. One academic said asking students to hand-write
exams actually causes them physical difficulties. The muscles in their hand are
not used to writing extensively for prolonged periods of two to three hours.
A Cambridge University lecturer, Dr Sarah Pearsall, told Britain's 'Daily

Telegraph' newspaper that handwriting was becoming a "lost art". She said:
"Twenty years ago, students routinely [wrote] by hand several hours a day, but
now they write virtually nothing by hand, except exams." She added: "We have
been concerned for years about the declining handwriting problem. There has
definitely been a downward trend. It is difficult for both the students and the
examiners as it is harder and harder to read these [exam] scripts." Dr Pearsall
says some students' handwriting is so illegible that they had to return to the
university over the summer to read their answers out loud to examiners who
could not read their writing.
51
52
UNIT 7: HOBBIES
1. Vocabulary
1 Playing the guitar/ the Chơi ghi-ta/ piano/ vi-ô-lông

piano/ the violin (n)
2 Go swimming (v) Đi bơi
53
3 Play sports (v) Chơi thể thao
4 Listen to music (v) Nghe nhạc
5 Read books (v) Đọc sách
6 Travel (v) Du lịch
7 Sing (v) Hát
8 Dance (v) Nhảy
9 Go jogging (v) Chạy bộ
10 Go shopping (v) Đi mua sắm
11 Walk my dog (v) Dắt chó đi dạo
13 Play cards (v) Chơi bài
14 Do gardening (v) Làm vườn
15 Take photographs (v) Chụp ảnh
16 Do yoga (v) Tập yoga
17 Do judo/ karate (v) Tập judo/ karate
18 Hang out with friends Đi chơi với bạn bè

(phrv)
19 Cook (v) Nấu ăn
2. Structures
 My favorite pastimes are… (Hoạt động giải trí yêu thích nhất của tôi là…):
- My favorite pastimes are listening to music and playing football.
 One of my favorite leisure pursuits…(Một trong số những hoạt động giải
trí yêu thích nhất của tôi là…):
- One of my favorite leisure pursuits is listening to music.
 In my free time/ leisure time/ spare time, I enjoy/ like +N/ V-ing (Trong thời
gian rảnh, tôi thích…)
54
- In my free time, I enjoy listening to music.
 One activity that I enjoy doing is my spare time/ free time is + N/Ving (Hoạt
động mà tôi thích làm khi có thời gian rảnh là …):
- One activity that I enjoy doing in my spare time is listening to music.
3. Grammar
 Present continuous (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn): S + am/is/are + V-ing
- He is reading Godfather.
 S + like(s) + V-ing (Sở thích chung chung)
- I like going to the movies at the weekend.
4. Q&A sample
Questions list:
1. Do you have any hobbies?
2. What hobbies are popular in your country?
3. Is it important to have a hobby?
4. What sort of hobbies would you like to try in the future?
55
Suggested answer:
1. Do you have any hobbies?
Definitely yes, everyone has at least one leisure pursuit and I am no
exception. My perennial hobby is watching movies. Currently, I am watching a
TV series called Bojack Horseman on Netflix. It’s really interesting and
hopefully, I can finish the final season this weekend.
2. What hobbies are popular in your country?

Well, there are plenty of recreational activities that Vietnamese people
enjoy doing in their spare time. Generally speaking, Vietnamese love listening to
music on music streaming websites such as Zing MP3 or Spotify because they
offer a variety of songs free of charge. Another hobby that has gained popularity
recently is travelling. By travelling to new places, people can have the chance to
see beautiful landscapes and broaden their horizons.
3. Is it important to have a hobby?
Due to the hectic lifestyle that most people lead nowadays, having a hobby
is extremely vital. This is simply because it gives people a way to take their mind
off the stress of everyday life by seeking pleasure in activities that aren’t
associated with work or study.
4. What sort of hobbies would you like to try in the future?
Well, if I have more spare time in the future, I will take up playing the
guitar. Actually, I have found this musical instrument interesting ever since I was
a kid so I really want to cross it off my bucket list.
56
5. Practice
8 A. Listen to the recording and choose the activity for each sentence. Then,
review the script to this listening activity at the bottom of the page.
1. a. driving b. hiking c. running

2. a. weight lifting b. swimming c. basketball
3. a. volleyball b. cycling c. soccer
4. a. knitting b. pottery c. painting
5. a. fishing b. bird watching c. sailing
6. a. snowboarding b. skating c. chess
7. a. racquetball b. golf c. baseball
8. a. cooking b. gardening c. art
9. a. music b. reading c. writing
10. a. photography b. computer games c. drawing
B. Find the words from in the wordsearch.
Q W E R T Y U I O P H S D F G
H J K L Z X C V B N O Z A Q X
S W C D E V F R B G R N H Y M
B U K I L O P O L G S T N D D
A E B A B Q S K X K E R E L R
S K A T I N G P O I R T C O A
E J S G F L G L R A I N Y S W
B F K I O E D U E H D G C L I
A S E H L R I I A R I Q L W N
L R T B N D V A D A N C I N G
L V B V Q A I X I W G D N E F
F G A R D E N I N G T N G T M
Y J L K I O G O G M N B V C X
Z A L E R T Y P O I L F K J A
S Q W E R W E S K D F J H G U
C. Unscramble the words and find out the hobbies and free time activities.
1. DNARPAGLILI 6. GGJINOG 11. LAYPGIN RTSAD

2. HPISNGOP 7. KSY RUGNSFI 12. NASYGMICTS
3. GNIHUNT 8. INGNOEAC 13. BLEAT NNITESE
4. MMIWINGS 9. SHECS 14. GNIDARW
5. CLYCGNI 10. GINSGIN 15. GHTSDRAU
57
Hobbies and Interests to put on a CV
 Should I add hobbies and interests to my CV?

Yes, adding personal hobbies to your CV can strengthen your job
application and increase the chances of securing a job interview. This is
because recruiters invest in people; they hire and work with human beings, not
robots. Recruiters actively look for every clue in the candidates’ CVs to find
out about their interests, skills and competencies.
The benefits of including your personal interests on your CV:
1. It will give the recruiter a fuller and more complete picture of you
2. Extracurricular interests tell the employer that you are an all-rounded
person who, besides just working, also enjoys having a good time
3. They form a great basis for discussion at the interview stage
4. Sporting activities indicate that you are fit, healthy and outgoing
5. Involvement in the community suggests good interpersonal skills
A. Candidates who should write their interests on your CVs

 School leavers
 College and university students
 Candidates with little or no work experience
 Candidates who have blank space in their CVs
Remember that your CV is your personal marketing tool, and you should
make the most out of using the totality of your CV, including the interests
section, to “sell yourself” to the prospective employer.
B. Candidates who shouldn’t write their interests on your CVs

 Senior professionals including managers and executives
 Candidates with a lot of work experience
 Candidates whose CVs are overflowing to more than 2 A4 pages
Due to the lack of valuable space on these candidates’ CVs, relevant work
experience and qualifications take a higher priority over personal interests.
 What your hobbies “say” about you
Hobby, interest or skill What it reveals about the candidate
58
Is technical-minded and good with
Computing
technology, may also be introverted
Swimming Keeps fit and healthy
Has excellent problem-solving and

Solving puzzles analytical skills and likes to overcome
challenges
Playing Has team-working skills; enjoys the

Football/Soccer company of other people
Is intelligent, a strategist and deliberates

Playing chess
before taking action
Is a team player (rather than loner), has

Mentoring good communication and interpersonal
skills
Playing squash Is highly competitive and motivated
Is intelligent, likes learning new things,

Reading
is open-minded and analytical
Writing Is creative, artistic and/or passionate
Is conscious of their health, is fit and

Going to the gym
motivated to accomplish goals
Travelling Is outgoing, social and adventurous
 How to write hobbies on a CV?
 Keep it short and to the point (one paragraph; maximum 2-3 lines)
 Be specific (e.g. instead of “I enjoy reading”, write “I enjoy reading
non-fiction and current affairs books.”)
 Don’t list down your interest – describe them in sentences!
 Keep it real and don’t exaggerate
59
 5 Great examples of interests section of a CV
Example 1 – Economist
In my spare time, I enjoy meeting up with my friends and family, and I
currently volunteer as a guest columnist for my local paper, The Daily Herald.
I also enjoy reading business and economics magazines such as the
Economist and Financial Times.
Example 2 – Teaching Assistant
Note: The example below is a bit long because the candidate had empty space
in their CV and utilised it accordingly.
Example 3 – Civil Engineer

Due to my enduring passion for engineering, I enjoy building upon my
knowledge of various computer programs that I can utilise to further my
career in the industry. I also enjoy playing a number of sports, including
tennis and indoor hockey.
Example 4 – Credit Controller
Example 5 – Journalist
In my spare time, I enjoy going to the gym and regularly partake in charity
runs around the UK in order to help the community and to stay fit and
healthy. I also enjoy keeping up to date with the current affairs, both national
and international events, which helps me to get inspiration for the stories that
I produce when I am working.
60
UNIT 8: INTERNET
1. Vocabulary
1 Keep up with = Keep pace with Đuổi kịp, bắt kịp
(phrv)
2 Current event (n) Những sự kiện thời sự
3 At one's fingertips (idiom) Trong tầm tay
4 Map quest (n) Sự tra cứu bản đồ
5 Social life (n) Đời sống xã hội
6 Keep in touch with sb = Keep in Giữ liên lạc với ai >< Mất liên lạc
contact with sb >< Lose touch = với ai
Lose contact with sb (phrv)
61
7 News headlines (n) Tin chính
8 Horoscope (horoscopes) (n) Cung hoàng đạo
9 Inform sb of/about sth (v) Cho ai biết điều gì
10 Check out (phrv) Xem qua
11 On one's own (collocation) Tự mình làm (không nhờ vả ai)
12 A laptop (n) Máy tính xách tay
13 A coffee shop (n) Quán cà phê
14 A password (n) Mật khẩu
15 Type in (v) Gõ vào
16 Distinguish (v) Phân biệt
17 A reliable source (n) Nguồn đáng tin cậy
18 A mischief maker (n) Kẻ gian
19 Do evil things (v) Làm điều xấu
20 A hacker (n) Tin tặc
21 Break into (phrv) Đột nhập
62
2. Structures
 To keep in touch with sb (Giữ liên lạc với ai đó):
- The availability of advanced technology helps people to keep in touch with
their friends and family who travel abroad.
 To make education accessible to countryside students (Phổ cập giáo dục
cho học sinh ở nông thôn):
- Equipping remote schools with more computers could make education
accessible to the countryside students.
 The Internet is beginning to rival newspapers (Internet đang bắt đầu sánh
ngang với báo giấy):
- Nowadays, thanks to technological advances, the Internet is beginning to rival
newspaper.
 Contribute with our own updates on social media (Đăng bài cập nhật riêng
trên phương tiện truyền thông mạng xã hội):
- We now can become amateur journalists by contributing with our own
updates on social media.
3. Grammar
 Future Simple (Tương lai đơn): S + will + be + N/Adj; S + will + Vinf
- No worries, I will take care of the children for you.
 Future Continuous (Tương lai tiếp diễn): S + will + be + V-ing
- I will be staying at the hotel in Đa Lat at 1 p.m tomorrow.
4. Q&A sample
Question lists:
1. Do you think people take notice of advertisements on the internet?
2. How do you think it will change people’s shopping habits in the future?
3. Are there any disadvantages to shop on the internet?
4. What are some of the advantages of using internet?
5. Do you use internet much during the day?
63
Suggested answer:
1. Do you think people take notice of advertisements on the internet?
Despite the fact that there are many adverts on the internet these days, I
think actually many people tend to ignore them, or at least that is my experience.
People usually go onto the internet to find something specific, which may be a
product, or to read about something, so they will ignore what is not relevant to
that. But of course there is no doubt that some people take notice of them.
Advertising on the internet is a practice most companies partake in now, and they
have to pay quite substantial sums to advertise on highly ranked sites. Of course,
they would not do this if it does not attract customers for them.
2. How do you think it will change people’s shopping habits in the future?
Buying from the internet is becoming more and more popular. For example,
we’ve seen many book shops close down because people can buy e-book at
cheaper prices from sites such as Amazon. It makes life much easier if products
can be delivered directly to our door, especially with our busy modern lifestyle. I
think this will only increase in the future as more people feel safe to buy online
and online shops make it easier to purchase this way. Also, I think our lives are
only going to become busier, so more people will choose to shop this way.
3. Are there any disadvantages to shop on the internet?
There certainly are some. Firstly, buying clothes can be a problem. When
you go into a shop you can check whether the products you buy fit you or not, but
it is obviously not possible to do this online. Shopping will not become less hassle
if you have to send something back to the post. Another problem is the security.
We have to give out our bank details to people we don’t know. There have been
several reports in the press about sites that have had their security breached and
credit card details have been stolen. So far this is fairly uncommon, but it is a risk.
Another disadvantage is to the society as it could destroy local shops and
businesses if people are not going out to shop in their local town.
4. What are some of the advantages of internet?
Internet has surely come up with great advantages to offer all of us. Firstly,
it allows for free communication with people far off from us. You see, it is very
easy to know how your friends miles away from you is actually. Also, internet
provides us with information regarding anything and everything. There are so
many people writing about so many things and often people share their
64
experiences helping others stuck in the same issue. Internet surely has made the
world a smaller and a better place.
5. Do you use internet much during the day?
Yes, I do. I am always on internet, either doing something related to my
study or searching the internet for the places around me where I can travel. Other
times I am on social media, connecting with people I love or responding to
people’s reviews on the posts and the videos that I have made. So, it is kind of
fun, being online and doing work whenever you feel like.
5. Practice
9 A. Listening to the conversation and fill the gaps.
I think the Internet is the greatest (1) _______________ ever. Think how it has
changed the world. So much information is out there. (2) __________________
changed my life. I can chat with friends, download music, buy books and (3)
_______________________ I need for my homework. It took days or (4)
__________ any of these things before the Internet. I spend hours every day
online. I think I (5) ________________ too long. I’m sure (6) ______________
computer screen all day isn’t good for my eyes. I think it’s also (7)
___________________. I need to exercise a little more. The only thing I don’t
like about the Internet (8) ______________ be dangerous. I don’t really (9)
_________ personal information online, especially on (10) __________________
sites like Facebook.
B. Match the words with their meanings:

1. www a. a place where you talk by typing
2. E-mail b. a secret word that only you and your parents know
3. Internet address c. a letter you send through your computer
4. URL d. a hidden program that can hurt your computer
5. Chat room e. advertising that comes to your e-mail address
6. Virus f. a name you choose for yourself that isn’t your real name
7. Password g. an Internet address (Uniform Resource Locator)
8. SPAM h. a process of file transfer from the Internet
9. Blog i. a place on the Internet you can visit
10. Screen Name j. an interconnection of computer information systems
available via he Internet (World Wide Web)
65
11. Internet k. another way to say URL
12. Web-site l. the world that only exists in the computer and your head
13. Cyberspace m. a worldwide system of computer
14. Username n. another way to say “username”
15. Download o. a journal you keep on the Web: short for Web log
C. Logic game
WHERE HOW LONG WHAT
teaching materials
online games
120 minutes
180 minutes
on the train
30 minutes
60 minutes
90 minutes
in a park
in a café
at home
at work
e-mail
sports
news
Ed
George
NAME
John
Tom
Vince
e-mail Clue 1: The man who reads
spends 30 minutes less time
news
WHAT
on the Internet than Vince

online games Clue 2: The man who usually
searches for teaching
sports materials surfs the net neither
in the park nor in the café. He
teaching materials spends 60 minutes less time
Clue 4: Ed has only about on the Internet than the one
30 minutes thirty minutes to use the who plays online games at
HOW LONG
Internet in his office. home but 30 minutes more

60 minutes than Tom.
Clue 5: George sits the most
Clue 3: John surfs the net on
90 minutes in front of his computer. He
the train. He doesn’t like
doesn’t read the news in a
café. sports pages. He travels more
120 minutes than an hour.
Clue 6: Vince doesn’t go to
180 minutes parks
Now summarize your answer.

NAME WHERE HOW LONG WHAT
Ed
George
John
Tom
Vince
66
Now write sentences. E.g: Bob buys everything on the Internet. He surfs the net about
an hour at home.
Internet addiction
A new survey suggests that people who use the Internet too much may have
mental health problems. The survey said that people who are addicted to the
Internet have problems in life if they cannot get online regularly. The survey is
from McMaster University in Canada. Researchers looked at the Internet habits
of 254 students and then looked at the students' general mental health. Thirty-
three of the students were addicted to the Internet. The researchers said another
107 students had problems because of their Internet use. These included
depression, anxiety, impulsiveness and inattention. A professor said we still
know little about the dangers of Internet addiction and need to do more research
into it.
The lead researcher in the study, professor Michael Van Ameringen, explained
what kind of problems he found with students. He said: "We found that [students
addicted to the Internet] had significantly more trouble dealing with their day-
to-day activities, including life at home, at work or school and in social settings."
Professor Van Ameringen added: "[People] with Internet addiction also had
significantly higher amounts of depression and anxiety symptoms, problems
with planning and [problems with] time management." The professor said we
needed to find out just how big the problem of Internet addiction is. He also said
we needed to find out if mental health problems caused Internet addiction.
67
68
69
UNIT 9: ENVIRONMENT
1. Vocabulary
1 Air quality (n) Chất lượng không khí
2 To become extinct (v) Tuyệt chủng
3 To be under threat (v) Có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng
4 Climate change (n) Thay đổi khí hậu
5 To die out (v) Tuyệt chủng
6 Endangered species Loài động vật có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng

(n)
7 Energy conservation Bảo tồn năng lượng

(n)
8 Environmentally (sản phẩm hoặc hành vi) Thân thiện với môi
friendly (adj) trường
70
9 Exhaust fumes (n) Khí thải từ phương tiện giao thông (chạy bằng
xăng dầu)
10 Flash floods (n) Trận lụt đột ngột
11 Future generations (n) Các thế hệ tương lai
12 To get back to nature Sống gần gũi với thiên nhiên

(v)
13 Global warming (n) Sự nóng lên toàn cầu
14 Heavy industry (n) Ngành công nghiệp nặng
(oil, steel, charcoal,…)
15 Humanitarian aid (n) Viện trợ nhân đạo
16 Impact on (v) Ảnh hưởng tới…
17 Loss of habitat (n) Sự mất nơi cư trú
2. Structure
 (To) blame sb for sth (Đổ lỗi cho ai vì việc gì):
- Devastated farmers blame factories for tons of dead fish on southern river.
 Newly-revived canal (Con kênh mới được trùng tu):
- Pollution in Ho Chi Minh City’s newly-revived canal kills fish in mass.
 Mass fish deaths (Cá chết hàng loạt):
- Mass fish deaths provoke widespread worry in Vietnam.
 (To) discharge untreated waste into the river (Xả nước thải chưa qua xử lý
xuống sông):
- The company is accused of discharging untreated waste into the Cha Va
River.
 (To) deal with pollution problems (Đối phó với các vấn đề ô nhiễm):
- The government needs to take action to deal with pollution problems.
 (To) force sb/sth to stop operation immediately (Buộc ai/ cái gì ngừng hoạt
động ngay lập tức):
- We cannot force the factory to stop operation immediately. We have to follow
necessary procedures.
71
 (To) cause serious pollution to a large area (gây ra ô nhiễm nghiêm trọng
trên diện rộng):
- The Vinh Tan 2 thermal power plant is causing serious pollution to a large
area.
 (Be) all less healthy (Có sức khỏe kém hơn):
- We are all less healthy because of companies that pollute the air or our rivers.
Everybody needs to think about how we can reduce the amount of pollution
we create.
 Foodborne diseases (Các bệnh do thực phẩm độc hại gây nên):
- In addition to kill nearly half a million people each year, foodborne diseases
are taking a significant toll on the quality of life of those who survive.
3. Grammar
 Past perfect continuous (Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn): S + had + been +
V-ing +…
- She had been crying for ten minutes before her mother came home.
4. Q&A sample
Questions list:
1. Which country are you from?

2. Where is this country located?
3. Which part of the country do most people live in?
4. What are the main industries in your country?
5. What kind of weather do you dislike?
6. Would you prefer to live in a hot or cold country?
7. What is the best/worst weather for traveling in?
72
Suggested answers:
1. Which country are you from?
I am from the Philippines, an archipelagic country that is comprised by
many islands. The country has 7,107 islands and that is why people who live there
have a diverse set of cultures and languages.
2. Where is this country located?
The Philippines is located in Southeast Asia, situated in the Western Pacific
Ocean.
3. Which part of the country do most people live in?
The bulk of the country’s population is in Metro Manila, a region which
houses the primary business centers and the seat of government.
4. What are the main industries in your country?
The Philippines is traditionally an agricultural country, but the economy
has been transitioning into industries that emphasizes on services and
manufacturing.
5. What kind of weather do you dislike?
I do not like the extreme heat of summer, but do you know what I dislike
more? A humid weather; at least in the summer you could sweat off the heat, but
in a humid environment, the effectiveness of sweating in cooling the body is
reduced by reducing the rate of evaporation of moisture from the skin.
6. Would you prefer to live in a hot or cold country?
I was born in a tropical country, my body have adapted to it. Well, at least
in a hot country, I could enjoy eating ice cream.
7. What is the best/worst weather for traveling in?
In my opinion, the best weather to travel is in a slight rainy season. Why?
Because it is the off season, less traffic jam, lower prices for tickets and food and
you don’t have to compete with other tourists in terms of time by falling in line
on order to enjoy a tourist site.
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5. Practice
10 A. Listening and choosing the correct answer
1. According to the speaker, greenhouse gases are produced by …

a. heat from the sun
b. the actions of people
c. the sun’s rays, and also the actions of people
d. the video doesn’t say
2. Which of these things is a greenhouse gas?

a. carbon monoxide
b. carbon dioxide
c. oxygen
d. the video doesn’t say
3. Which of these ways to generate power provides a clean source of energy?

a. gas
b. oil
c. wind power
d. they are all clean sources of energy
4. Which of these things can help reduce levels of carbon dioxide?

a. driving to work
b. heating with coal instead of gas
c. using public transport
5. Which of these predictions about climate change does the video make?
a. If the planet gets warmer, then polar bears will become extinct
b. If the planet gets warmer, then we can expect more floods
c. If the planet gets warmer, then fuel will become less expensive
d. If the planet gets warmer, then sea levels will rise
6. The word extinct means …?

a. to become scarce or rare
b. in need of protection
c. to become endangered
d. something that has died out, and no longer exists
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7. Choose the best answer to complete this statement: If the planet continues
to heat up, _________ expect to experience more extreme weather.
a. then will we
b. then can we
c. then we can
d. then should we
8. Which of these things isn’t mentioned in the video?

a. wave energy
b. car pooling
c. coral reefs
d. heat waves
B. Read the definitions. Choose the environmental term for each

definition. Use the words in the box.
climate biodiversity drought life expectancy

ozone layer deforestation coral reef carbon emission
1. Variety in the number of species of plants and animals. ____________

2. The sending out of poisonous gas when engines burn
gasoline. ____________
3. The length of time that a person or an animal lives. ____________
4. The typical weather conditions in an area. ____________
5. The process of clearing forests. ____________
6. A line of sharp rocks near the surface of the sea. ____________
7. The layer of gases that prevents harmful radiation from the
sun from reaching the earth. ____________
8. A long period of dry weather when there is not enough rain. ____________
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C. Look at the map and find the locations of tropical rainforests. Read the
text and choose the best word to fill the gap.
Rainforests wrap (1) _______ the equator of the earth like a green belt. After
millions of years of evolution, they are the (2) ______ biologically rich
ecosystems on our planet. Tropical rainforests contain a hugely rich diversity
of species of plants and animals. They are also home to many different
indigenous (3) _______, who have unique and treasured cultures.
Rainforests are precious resources for all of us. They provide vital ecosystem
(4) ______ for the whole world. They store water, regulate rainfall and (5)
______ a home to over half the planet’s biodiversity. But more importantly,
they also play a crucial role in climate change.
Rainforests absorb almost a fifth of the world’s man-made CO2 (6) _______
every year. But tropical deforestation releases an extra 17% of annual
greenhouse gas emissions. So if the rainforests are destroyed, it’s bad news on
both counts.
Cutting down and (7) ______ tropical forests to clear the land in this way
enables rainforest nations to provide globally traded commodities, such as
timber, palm oil, beef and soy.
The world’s population is likely to increase from 6 billion to 9 billion over the
next 40 years. This population (8) ______, combined with rising incomes, will
lead to a continual increasing demand for food, animal feed and fuel. And this,
in turn, will lead to more destruction of rainforests – with devastating (9)
______ for everyone.
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The Prince’s Rainforests Project believes that emergency funding is needed to
help protect rainforests and to (10) ______ rainforest nations to continue to
develop without the need for deforestation.
If we don’t take action, we could lose another 100 million hectares of tropical
forests over the next 10 years – that’s an area the size of Egypt.
Saving the rainforests will give the world a better chance to (11) ______ its
goals of stabilising climate change, while also preserving important ecosystem
benefits, not to mention the fact that over one billion of the poorest people on
Earth depend (12) ______ the rainforests for their livelihoods.
1. a. about b. around c. up
2. a. least b. very c. most
3. a. animals b. people c. plants
4. a. benefits b. base c. ways
5. a. make b. provide c. build
6. a. gas b. fumes c. emissions
7. a. burning b. planting c. cleaning
8. a. expansion b. decrease c. growth
9. a. causes b. effects c. end
10. a. encourage b. force c. stop
11. a. maintain b. set c. achieve
12. a. for b. on c. from
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6. Reading comprehension
Marine creatures
One of the world's
leading travel websites,
TripAdvisor, has
decided to stop selling
tickets to attractions
and aquariums that
have marine creatures
like dolphins, orcas,
porpoises and whales.
One top attraction that
TripAdvisor will not
sell tickets for is
SeaWorld in Florida. A TripAdvisor spokesperson said the ban is a
continuation of the company's 2016 policy that prohibited sales of tickets to
attractions where tourists come into physical contact with animals, like
elephant rides. TripAdvisor halted ticket sales to "demeaning animal shows and
performances" in 2018. The latest ban applies to any attractions that "contribute
to the captivity" of dolphins, orcas, porpoises and whales.
A TripAdvisor spokesman elaborated on his company's new initiative. He said:
"Whales and dolphins do not thrive in limited captive environments, and we
hope to see a future where they live as they should - free and in the wild." He
added: "We believe the current generation of whales and dolphins in captivity
should be the last, and we look forward to seeing this position adopted more
widely throughout the travel industry." A SeaWorld spokesman said: "We are
disappointed by TripAdvisor's new position that ignores the educational value
and conservation mission of professionally accredited zoos and
aquariums....SeaWorld maintains the highest standards of care for all animals."
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Amazon rainforest fires are an international crisis
Fires are burning in the Amazon rainforest at an alarming rate. French President
Emmanuel Macron has said the record number of fires is now an "international
crisis". There has been an 85 per cent increase in fires in the Amazon this year.
Mr Macron said urgent action needed to be taken. He said the fires needed to be
on top of the agenda at the G7 summit of world leaders in Biarritz. Macron
tweeted about how serious he thought the fires were. He wrote: "Our house is
burning. Literally. The Amazon rain forest - the lungs which produce 20% of
our planet's oxygen - is on fire. It is an international crisis. Members of the G7
Summit, let's discuss this emergency in two days."
Other leaders agreed that they should discuss the fires. German Chancellor
Angela Merkel has called the fires an "acute emergency". She said they were
"shocking". She added that the fires didn't only threaten Brazil and its
neighboring countries, but also affected the whole world. The UK Prime
Minister Boris Johnson called the fires "not only heartbreaking," but "an
international crisis". He added: "We stand ready to provide whatever help we
can to bring them under control and help protect one of Earth's greatest
wonders." UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said: "In the midst of the
global climate crisis, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen
and biodiversity. The Amazon must be protected."
Amazon rain forest fire from satellite
79
UNIT 10: FASHION
1. Vocabulary
A. The collocations accompany with “Fashion”
1 Fashionista (n) Tín đồ thời trang (nữ)
2 Fashionisto (n) Tín đồ thời trang (nam)
3 Fashion victim (n) Nạn nhân của thời trang
4 Fashion trend (n) Xu thế thời trang
5 (Fashion) trendsetter (n) Người tạo ra xu thế thời trang
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6 High-street fashion (n) Thời trang bình dân
7 High-end/luxurious fashion Thời trang cao cấp

(n)
8 To be back in fashion (adj) Một mốt từ thời xưa nay đã trở lại
9 Have an eye for (fashion) Có khiếu về thời trang/ăn mặc
10 Keep up with/Catch the latest Bắt kịp xu hướng thời trang

fashion (v)
11 Go out of fashion /style (adj) Lỗi mốt, lạc mốt
12 Fashion-conscious (n) Đam mê thời trang/Nghiện thời trang
13 Fashion house (n) Nhà mốt, cửa hàng thời trang chuyên
bán những sản phẩm thời trang đắt
tiền
14 Fashion show (n) Buổi diễn thời trang
15 Fashion icon (n) Biểu tượng thời trang
16 Fashionable (adj) Hợp thời trang
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B. Styles of Clothes
1 Anorak (n) Áo khoác có mũ
2 Pullover (n) Áo len chui đầu
3 Sweater (n) Áo len
4 Cardigan (n) Áo len cài đằng trước
5 Blazer (n) Áo khoác dạng vest
6 Tank top (n) Áo ba lỗ
7 T-shirt (n) Áo phông
8 Chemise (n) Áo sơ mi
9 Camisole (n) Áo hai dây có chất liệu mềm mại, nhẹ

nhàng
10 Skinny jeans (n) Quần bò bó sát/quần bò côn
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11 Culottes (n) Quần lửng
ống rộng
12 Ripped jeans (n) Quần bò rách
13 High-waisted jeans (n) Quần bò cạp cao
14 Coveralls (n) Quần yếm
15 Pants/Trousers (n) Quần vải
16 Sweatpants/Jogger pants Quần nỉ thể thao

(n)
17 Jumpsuit (n) Bộ áo liền quần
C. Styles of Fashion

1 Arty (adj) Nghệ sĩ
2 Chic (adj) Sang trọng, thanh lịch
3 Classic (adj) Cổ điển
4 Flamboyant (adj) Rực rỡ/sặc sỡ
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5 Glamorous (adj) Quyến rũ
6 Sexy (adj) Gợi cảm
7 Sophisticated (adj) Tinh tế
8 Traditional (adj) Truyền thống
9 Preppy (adj) Thuộc phong

cách trẻ trung,
nữ sinh
10 Tomboy (adj) Nam tính (nữ mặc theo phong cách nam)
11 Unisex (adj) Lưỡng tính (nam hay nữ mặc đều được)
12 Gamine (adj) Trẻ thơ, tinh nghịch
13 Sporty (adj) Khỏe khoắn, thể thao
14 Trendy (adj) Thời thượng
15 Casual (adj) Thường phục
D. Vocabulary of others related major

1 Mix and match (v) Phối đồ
2 Get dressed up (v) Lên đồ đẹp để đi chơi, dự sự kiện
3 Hand-me-downs (n) Quần áo được nhượng lại từ anh chị em

hay người khác
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4 Designer labels (n) Nhãn hàng thiết kế
5 Limited edition (n) Phiên bản thiết kế hạn chế (dành cho một
nhóm đối tượng khách hàng đặc biệt,
thường là nhóm khách hàng cao cấp)
6 Must-have items (n) Món đồ không thể thiếu (Ví dụ với các cô
gái thì đó là váy /son, các chàng trai là sơ
mi/áo phông /jeans)
7 Accessories (n) Phụ kiện đi kèm khi mặc với áo quần
8 Look good in something Trông xinh xắn (trong bộ quần áo nào đó)
(v)
9 Dressed to kill (adj) Mặc cực kỳ cuốn hút
10 Must-have item (n) Món đồ phải có trong tủ quần áo
11 Off the peg (adj) May sẵn
12 On the catwalk (prep) Trên sàn diễn thời trang
13 Smart clothes (n) Dạng quần áo dễ mặc
14 High fashion (adj) Cực kỳ hợp thời trang
15 Timeless (adj) Không bao giờ lỗi mốt
16 To be on trend (v) Đang có xu hướng, hợp thời trang
17 To dress for the occasion Mặc quần áo phù hợp với sự kiện
(v)
18 To get dressed up (phrv) Mặc đồ đẹp (thường là đi đâu đó đặc biệt)
19 To have a sense of style Có gu thẩm mỹ thời trang

(v)
20 To suit someone (v) Phù hợp, đẹp với ai đó
21 Well-dressed (adj) Ăn mặc đẹp đẽ
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2. Grammar
 To take pride in someone’s appearance (Chú ý vào trang phục của ai đó):
- He takes pride in his appearance, setting a high standard to exemplify his
healthy leadership style.
 Keep up with/Catch the latest fashion (Bắt kịp xu hướng thời trang):
- Keeping up with the latest fashion trends can be tricky.
3. Q&A sample
Questions list:
1. Do you want to become a model in the future?
2. Describe a person who is well-dressed.
3. Do you think that if a person buys a lot of clothes, he/she will look much more
beautiful than others?
4. What types of clothes do you like to wear?
5. What kind of clothes do you never wear?
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Suggested answers:
1. Do you want to become a model in the future?
That’s a very interesting question! To be honest, I don’t think becoming a
model is a good idea for me because I am not tall enough. In addition, the most
important thing is that I don’t have a sense of style and I am not confident enough
to be on the catwalk wearing extravagant and high-end clothes.
2. Describe a person who is well-dressed.
Honestly speaking, I want to talk about my beautiful auntie, Mrs. Hoai, who
is a business woman. I love her style for some reasons. First, it is her smart choice
of wearing clothes. Needless to say, she is very well-dressed and as a working
woman, she always chooses classy clothes. She sometimes has some items of
accessory as a special feature for her outfit. Although they may be bought in sale
season, but my auntie knows how to mix with suitable clothes and then she has a
totally timeless look, which I cannot keep my eyes off. Second, she has an
undeniable alluring style, which does not come from her clothes or accessories
she wears on her body but the inborn fresh look in every situation. That is the key
thing that makes her look exquisite in most kinds of outfit, from designer clothes
to casual ones. Whenever I go out with her, I feel extremely proud as my aunt
often dresses simple but very stunning. I really admire her style and I wish I can
have a good taste for fashion to look stylish like her.
3. Do you think that if a person buys a lot of clothes, he/she will look much
more beautiful than others?
Personally I think a person has a large number of clothes doesn’t mean that
they will look more beautiful than others. Although they have a lot of clothes,
they may not know how to mix and match to create the best outfit. For example,
I can’t afford to buy brand-name clothes from Chanel or Versace but I can choose
the suitable items to make the best outfit. In short, a smartly-dressed person is the
one who may not have expensive clothes but can flexibly mix different items to
create the best ones.
4. What types of clothes do you like to wear?
Well, it depends. When I go to work, I always try to look sharp because I
work in a formal environment. So that often means a suit and tie. But, if I’m just
hanging out with my friends or taking a leisurely stroll, you’re more likely to find
me in casual outfits: a well-worn pair of jeans, a T-shirt and some sneakers.
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5. What kind of clothes do you never wear?
I absolutely hate athleisure clothing. They say it’s supposed to be comfortable.
I really don’t know why they say that. I get all hot and sweaty in it. I’d rather just
work out in a t-shirt and shorts.
5. Practice
A. Look at the clothes and check their right patterns.
1 2 3
4 5 6
1. Maria is stylish in a _________ silk blouse.

a. plaid
b. polka-dot
c. floral-print
2. Carlos looks great in a ________ shirt.
a. solid
b. striped
c. checked
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3. Sean Connery wears a traditional _____________ kilt.
a. tartan
b. solid
c. checked
4. Kate is wearing a ___________ dress.
a. plaid
b. striped
c. floral-print
5. Paul likes to wear __________ shirt.
a. plaid
b. solid
c. print
6. Martha loves wearing_______ blouse.
a. striped
b. checked
c. floral-print
B. Match the pictures to their materials.
A B C D
E F G H
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1. _____ polyester
2. _____ cashmere.
3. _____ silk.
4. _____ leather.
5. _____ rubber.
6. _____ wool.
7. _____ denim.
8. _____ suede.
11 C. Listening and choose correct answer.

1. When Shayna was a child, she enjoyed:
a. braiding hair
b. going hiking
c. playing with boys
2. In college, her style was:
a. athletic
b. professional
c. trendy
3. She finds shopping for clothes frustrating because:
a. it's hard to find clothes that fit
b. it takes too much time to go from store to store
c. clothing is expensive
4. She thinks designer clothing is:
a. desirable
b. impressive
c. overprice
5. She thinks fashion is important:
a. because people judge you on your appearance
b. for feeling comfortable and confident
c. to get better opportunities in your professional life and love life
6. Shayna wears high heels:
a. Often, because she is short and wants to look taller
b. Seldomly, only on special occasions
c. Never, because they make her feet hurt
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First all-hijab collection at New York Fashion Week
History was made at the New York Fashion Week. For the first time, there was
a collection in which every model wore a hijab on the catwalk. The hijab is the
veil worn by Muslim women that covers the head and chest. It has been in the
news for being banned in various countries. Muslim designer Anniesa Hasibuan
wanted to show how stylish and elegant the hijab is. The 30-year-old Indonesian
wowed the fashion world with her creations. She is the first Indonesian to show
at a big global fashion event. She received a standing ovation at the end of her
display in New York.
More and more fashion designers are using Islamic fashion in their designs. The
international clothing company H&M released an advert with a Muslim model
in a hijab. Dolce and Gabbana made hijabs aimed at wealthy Muslim customers.
Not everyone is happy with the hijab entering mainstream fashion. Some say the
new designs are un-Islamic. Dr Eva Nisa, a professor of Islamic Studies, said:
"The essence of Muslim dress is to wear something decent, to be modest. For
women, they have to make sure what they're wearing doesn't attract the attention
of men."
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New York more fashionable than Paris
New York is officially the world's most fashionable city. It won the 2014 Top
Global Fashion Capital contest. London won the prize in 2011 and 2012, but was
third this year, behind Paris. Los Angeles was the fourth trendiest city, while
Barcelona closely followed in fifth place. Italy's highest-placed city was Rome,
in sixth place. Milan, long established as a centre of style, finished twelfth.
Bekka Payack, a New York-based fashion director, said: "New York
City…earned its Top Global Fashion Capital ranking through its disciplined,
methodical yet creative approach."
New York being crowned winner coincides with the city's upcoming Fashion
Week. The fashion world will visit for a week of glamour. Supermodels will
walk the catwalks and parade fashions from leading designers. Ms Payack spoke
of how new cities around the world are making a name for themselves in haute
couture. She said there was a "creative energy" worldwide with fashion
providing jobs, income and wealth. She added there was a lot of "prestige with
exporting your fashion sense to the world". Cities like Shanghai, St. Petersburg
and New Delhi all did well in the contest.
Style wars: Paris vs. New York
92
UNIT 11: SPORTS
1. Vocabulary
A. Types of Sports
1 Aerobics (n) Thể dục thẩm mỹ/thể dục nhịp điệu
2 American football (n) Bóng bầu dục
93
3 Archery (n) Bắn cung
4 Athletics (n) Điền kinh
5 Badminton (n) Cầu lông
6 Baseball (n) Bóng chày
7 Basketball (n) Bóng rổ
8 Beach volleyball (n) Bóng rổ bãi biển
Bowling (n) = ten-pin
9 Trò ném bóng gỗ
bowling (n)
10 Boxing (n) Đấm bốc
11 Canoeing (n) Chèo thuyền ca-nô
12 Climbing (n) Leo núi
Crikê
13 Cricket (n)
14 Cycling (n) Đua xe đạp

15 Darts (n) Trò ném phi tiêu
16 Diving (n) Lặn
17 Fishing (n) Câu cá
18 Football (n) Bóng đá
19 Go-karting (n) Đua xe kart (ô tô nhỏ không mui)
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20 Golf (n) Đánh gôn
21 Gymnastics (n) Tập thể hình
Bóng ném
22 Handball (n)
23 Hiking (n) Leo núi

Khúc côn cầu
24 Hockey (n)
25 Horse racing (n) Đua ngựa

26 Hunting (n) Đi săn
27 Ice hockey (n) Khúc côn cầu trên sân băng
28 Ice skating (n) Trượt băng
Inline skating/roller
29 Trượt pa-tanh
blading (n)
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30 Jogging (n) Chạy bộ
31 Judo (n) Võ judo
32 Karate (n) Võ karate
Bóng vợt
33 Lacrosse (n)
34 Martial arts (n) Võ thuật

35 Motor racing (n) Đua ô tô
36 Rowing (n)/Sailing Chèo thuyền
37 Rugby (n) Bóng bầu dục
38 Running (n) Chạy đua
39 Scuba diving (n) Lặn có bình khí
40 Shooting (n) Bắn súng
41 Skateboarding (n) Trượt ván
42 Skiing (n) Trượt tuyết
43 Snowboarding (n) Trượt tuyết ván
Bóng quần
44 Squash (n)
45 Surfing (n) Lướt sóng
96
46 Swimming (n) Bơi lội
47 Table tennis (n) Bóng bàn
48 Tennis (n) Quần vợt
49 Volleyball (n) Bóng chuyền
Bóng nước
50 Water polo (n)
51 Weightlifting (n) Cử tạ
Lướt ván buồm
52 Windsurfing (n)
53 Wrestling (n) Môn đấu vật
B. Sport equipment

1 Badminton racquet (n) Vợt cầu lông
2 Ball (n) Quả bóng
3 Baseball bat (n) Gậy bóng chày
4 Cricket bat (n) Gậy crikê
5 Boxing gloves (n) Găng tay đấm bốc
6 Fishing rod (n) Cần câu cá
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7 Football boots (n) Giày đá bóng
8 Golf club (n) Gậy đánh gôn
9 Hockey stick (n) Gậy chơi khúc côn cầu
10 Ice skates (n) Giầy trượt băng
11 Pool cue (n) Gậy chơi bi-a
12 Rugby ball (n) Quả bóng bầu dục
13 Running shoes (n) Giày chạy
14 Skateboard (n) Ván trượt
15 Ski (n) Ván trượt tuyết
16 Squash racquet (n) Vợt đánh quần
17 Tennis racquet (n) Vợt tennis
C. Competition
1. Với các môn chơi trong đội nhóm qua nhiều vòng loại để tìm ra được người
chiến thắng ta có các cụm từ:
a. Tournament: vòng loại, cuộc đấu
b. Soccer team: đội bóng
c. Basketball game = Basketball match: trận bóng rổ
2. Và khi các đội đấu với nhau thì kết quả sẽ là:
a. Win the game = Thắng trận
b. Lose the game = Thua trận
c. Tie the game = hai bên hòa nhau
3. Với những bên mang tính chất “đua” thì người ta thường dùng từ “race”:
a. Running/Biking/Swimming race: cuộc thi điền kinh/chạy xe đạp/bơi lội.
D. Vocabulary of others related major.

1 To play (v) Chơi
2 To win (v) Thắng
3 To lose (v) Thua
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4 To draw (v) Hòa
5 To watch (v) Xem
6 Game (n) Trò chơi
7 Fixture (n) Cuộc thi đấu
8 Match (n) Trận đấu
9 Competition (n) Cuộc thi đấu
10 League table (n) Bảng xếp hạng
11 Score (n) Tỉ số
12 Result (n) Kết quả
13 Winner (n) Người thắng cuộc
14 Loser (n) Người thua cuộc
15 Opponent (n) Đối thủ
16 Umpire (n) Trọng tài
17 Spectator (n) Khán giả
18 Win (v)/(n) Thắng
19 Loss (n) Thua
20 Victory (n) Chiến thắng
21 Defeat (v)/(n) Đánh bại/thua trận
22 To play away (v) Chơi sân khách
23 To play at home (v) Chơi sân nhà
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2. Grammar
 Trong tiếng Anh, khi nói về chơi các môn thể thao người ta thường dùng một
trong ba động từ play, do và go để đi kèm với tên môn thể thao.
- Play: Play + N (tên môn thể thao)
+ Play soccer: chơi đá bóng
+ Play basketball: chơi bóng rổ
+ Play tennis: chơi quần vợt
+ Play volleyball: chơi bóng chuyền
+ Play golf: chơi gôn
- Do: Do + N (tên môn thể thao)
+ Do yoga: tập yoga
+ Do gymnastics: tập gym
+ Do martial arts: tập võ
+ Do aerobics: tập thể dục nhịp điệu
- Go: Go + N (tên môn thể thao)
+ Go swimming: đi bơi
+ Go biking: đạp xe
+ Go surfing: chơi lướt song
+ Go bowling: chơi bô-ling
+ Go fishing: đi câu cá
3. Q&A sample
Questions list:
1. Describe an activity you do for your health or fitness
2. What else people can do to keep fit besides sports?
3. What do parents do to make their children like sports?
100
Suggested answer:
1. Describe an activity you do for your health or fitness.
I’m not a great swimmer in any sense but swimming is like my religion. It
is truly refreshing and literally, washes away every disturbing thought I have
whenever I dive into cold water. No matter how tight my schedule can get, I
usually pay at least one visit to a local swimming pool to work myself up and get
rejuvenated. Sometimes, I have a partner or two, who are also my best friends
since high school. We live in the same neighborhood so it’s not too stressful when
we have to set a schedule for our swimming session. We often carpool and it takes
us roughly 15 minutes to get to the local recreation center where it provides the
locals with a variety of facilities for training purpose such as gym class, stadium,
swimming pool, tennis court and so on, which is extremely convenient for those
who practice more than one activity. The only thing better than swimming itself
is swimming with your besties, which is one of hundreds of things I love about
my weekly ritual. Hardly do we have time to meet each other during week days
as we’re all up to our neck at work and totally stressed out. Therefore, having such
a healthy way to catch up with your friends and recharge your battery after an
exhausting week never sounds better. Just like any other sport, swimming helps
maintain your health, keep you fit as well as build your endurance. However,
unlike others, it’s a very relaxing and peaceful form of exercise, you don’t even
sweat for hours – a supreme advantage. Therefore, if you’re looking for a kind of
sport that brings you comfort and relaxation, swimming should be your first
choice.
2. What else people can do to keep fit besides sports?
There are many ways that people can employ to take care of their mind and
body in collaboration with sports. First of all, pay more attention to your daily
diet. You are what you eat, hence, it’s best if people can try to minimize the
amount of junk foods they consume and practice healthy diet the sooner the better.
Secondly, do not take sleep for granted. Many young people nowadays will not
go to bed before midnight, which has detrimental impacts on your brain and skin
in long term. You’ll never be fully energized without a decent rest to recharge
your battery and let the biological clock do its job. Last but not least, advanced
medicine might be extremely useful in some cases. If you lack some kind of
vitamins due to unbalanced diets or you just naturally be, functional foods can
101
help solve the issue but bear in mind that doctors’ advice are highly
recommended.
3. What do parents do to make their children like sports?
Children loves doing what adults usually do. As a result, set a prime
example for your kids to make them like it naturally. If a father enjoys soccer and
has a weekly match on every Sunday, bringing his son along seems to be a brilliant
idea to pique his interest and nurture his passion for soccer. Next step is to
encourage children to engage in any kind of sport that intrigues them when they’re
old enough to go to school. Being in a team not only harnesses their team spirit
and responsibility but also helps build character.
102
4. Practice
Alice: So, Michael, what sport do you play?
Michael: I play badminton, football, boxing and tennis but football is my
favourite because it is a (1) ____________ game, so you can play it with your
friends and enjoy team work.
Alice: It is quite a competitive game as well, right?
Michael: Yeah. It's a competitive game and that's another reason why I really
(2) __________ it.
Alice: I know it is really exciting to watch a football match. Is it exciting to
play it?
Michael: Yeah, definitely. Run, pass, kick and (3) _____________. Oh!
That's wonderful.
Alice: Where do you play, then?
Michael: I play at local (4) __________ and sort of play in international youth
football tournaments around Asia.
Alice: You mentioned you played in international youth tournaments – now
do you do quite well in the tournaments?
Michael: Yes, I've played for Hanoi youth football (5)__________ and we've
got through to the semifinals of different Vietnam tournaments, and for U19 -
my other football team, we've actually won a few (6)__________. So, yes, I
have done quite well.
Alice: Oh well done! What are the important qualities of a football player?
Michael: Well, first of all you need to have the knowledge of the game, the
skill, mental ability and (7) __________.
Alice: What do you mean by the skill?
Michael: The player should have good vision to receive and to (8) _____ the
ball well; a good player will be able to maintain technical efficiency while
they are under pressure.
Alice: Pressure?
Michael: Yes. The pressure is from the (9) ____________ of the ball, the time
and the competitiveness of the other side.
Alice: It sounds like playing football is easy to get injured.
Michael: Yes, we have learnt many ways to prevent football injuries.
103
Alice: Yes, all right. So (10) ____________ do you play football then,
Michael?
Michael: Well, during the season, which is about September to June, I play 4
times a week. Two of those are trainings and two of those are matches.
B. Write the names of the following sports
1._________ 2._________ 3._________ 4._________ 5.________

_
6._________ 7._________ 8._________ 9._________ 10._______

_
C. Find sports in this table of letter below
B A S K E T B A L L A S D F S
O J K A Z A C E B N M Z A Q C
W W C R E B F R U G B Y H Y U
L U K A L L F O O T B A L L B
I A G T B E S B X K F R E L A
N T F E K T F I O I R T P O D
G H T G F E G C K A S N G S I
J L P I O N R S K I I N G L V
J E D H L N U I T R I Q N W I
E T U B N I S G I X D M I B N
Z I C V Q S Z X O W E D L E G
F C V E F R V B R L T N C T M
Y S W I M M I N G M F B Y C X
Z A W E R T Y P O I L F C J A
S B A S K E T B A L L J H G U
104
105
Portugal soccer star Cristiano Ronaldo has tested positive
for COVID-19
According to a statement of Portugal´s Football Federation, the 35-year-

old forward is feeling good, and he has no symptoms. Ronaldo, who currently
plays for Juventus, is in isolation and he missed Wednesday´s UEFA match
against Sweden. The rest of the Portuguese team has undergone tests; however,
they all tested negative for COVID-19, and they will be available for the next
match.
Ronaldo is the five times world player of the year, and he is one of soccer´s
biggest and richest stars. On Sunday, he appeared in his side´s nil draw to
France, and on Wednesday´s nil draw in a friendly match with Spain. The former
Real Madrid player is the third member of the Portugal squad to test positive for
COVID-19.
106
UNIT 12: HEALTH
1. Vocabulary
1 Wholesome (adj) Tốt cho bạn, (cả thể chất lẫn tinh thần)
2 GM food (n) Thực phẩm biến đổi gen
3 Carbohydrates (n) Tinh bột
4 Fat (n) Chất béo
5 Vitamins (n) Vi-ta-min
6 Minerals (n) Chất khoáng
7 Recipe (n) Công thức nấu ăn
8 Balanced diet (n) Chế độ ăn cân bằng
9 Calorie-conscious (adj) Ý thức về mức calorie tiêu thụ
107
10 Overeat (v) Ăn quá đà
11 Come down with = Go down Bị cảm cúm

with + flu (phrv)
13 Blocked/stuffed nose >< Nghẹt mũi >< Chảy nước mũi

Runny nose (adj)
14 A sore throat (n) Đau họng
15 Get over = get better/recover Hồi phục

(v)
16 Suffer from (v) + disease Bị bệnh, mắc bệnh
17 Healthcare (n) Chăm sóc sức khỏe
18 Prescription (n) Đơn thuốc
19 Symptoms (n) Triệu chứng
20 Diabetes (n) Bệnh đái tháo đường
21 Heart diseases = Bệnh tim mạch

cardiovascular diseases (n)
22 Heart attack (n) Cơn đau tim
23 Stomachache (n) Đau bụng
24 Cancer (n) Ung thư
25 Indigestive disorder (n) Rối loạn tiêu hóa
26 Hypertension = high-blood Cao huyết áp

pressure (n)
27 Overweight (adj) Thừa cân
28 Chronic disease (n) Bệnh mãn tính
29 Fatigue (n) Mệt mỏi
108
30 Feel under the weather Cảm thấy không khỏe
(idiom)
31 On a mend (idiom) Đang dần bình phục
32 Fever (n) Cơn sốt
33 Dizzy (adj) Chóng mặt
34 Trembling (adj) Run rẩy
35 Nauseous (adj) Buồn nôn
36 Vomit (v) = Throw up (phrv) Nôn mửa
37 Addict to (v) Nghiện
38 Off-color (adj) Nhợt nhạt, không khỏe
39 Treatment (n) Chữa trị
40 Acupuncture (n) Châm cứu
41 Herbal medicine (n) Thảo dược
42 Vaccinate (v) Tiêm vắc xin
43 Contagious = infectious (adj) Truyền nhiễm
44 As fit as a fiddle (idiom) Rất khỏe mạnh
45 Surgery (n) Phẫu thuật
46 Work out (v) Tập luyện
47 Exercise regularly (v) Luyện tập thường xuyên
48 Improve/ boost immune Cải thiện/tăng cường hệ miễn dịch

system (v)
49 Stay in shape (v) Giữ dáng
50 Build muscle (v) Tăng cơ bắp
109
51 Hit the gym (v) Tập gym
52 Portion (n) Khẩu phần ăn
53 Metabolism (n) Sự trao đổi chất
54 Strenuous exercises (n) Luyện tập cường độ cao
55 Be back on one’s feet (idiom) Hồi phục, trở lại bình thường
56 Break a habit (idiom) Bỏ 1 thói quen xấu
57 Junk food (n) Thức ăn có hại cho sức khỏe
58 Nutrient (n) Chất dinh dưỡng
59 Over-consumption (n) Sự tiêu thụ quá mức
60 Organic food (n) Thực phẩm hữu cơ
61 Sleeping habits (n) Thói quen ngủ nghỉ
62 Sleep deprivation (n) Sự thiếu ngủ
63 Mental health (n) Sức khỏe về tinh thần
64 Depression (n) Bệnh trầm cảm
65 Stressful (adj) Căng thẳng, mệt mỏi
2. Grammar
 I believe this activity can benefit… (Tôi tin rằng hoạt động này có thể có lợi
cho…):
- I believe riding a bike can benefit my heart.
 To get healthy, I prefer… (Để trở nên khỏe mạnh, tôi thích…):
- To get healthy, I prefer eating vegetable to meat.
 To remain fit and healthy, many people choose… (Để giữ sức khỏe và thân
hình, nhiều người chọn…):
- To remain fit and healthy, many people choose to go jogging in parks.
110
 … is the best exercise among all others to be fit (… là bài tập tốt nhất để giữ
dáng):
- Aerobic is the best exercise among all others to be fit
 For me …………. is a complete package of exercise, refreshment and
leisure activity (Đối với tôi …… là 1 hoạt động kết hợp hoàn chỉnh giữa
luyện tập, thư giãn và giải trí):
- For me, swimming is a complete package of exercise, refreshment and leisure
activity.
 The reason why I enjoy…… (Lý do tôi thích……)
- The reason why I enjoy playing soccer is the passionate atmosphere of the
audiences.
3. Q&A sample
Questions list:
2. Do you have any unhealthy habits?
3. Could governments do more to promote healthier lifestyle options?
4. Do you think most people worry more about their health as they get older?
5. Do women pay more attention to their health than men?
111
Suggested answer:
Staying in good shape is everyone’s concern and I am no exception. To be
honest, I have not been so caught up in my work since I have a problem in
organizing my daily routine. I have to stay up late to finish all my work and then,
watch some movies while eating midnight snack to be relaxed, which is
my leisure habits. Gradually, my health has been degraded because of sleep
deprivation and my eating habits. Therefore, I decided to take up swimming as
my new hobby in order to get healthier.
Unlike going to the gym or running, this activity benefits both physical and
mental health. You might look at swimming and think that it is light and easy but
it is more demanding than it appears. Swimming allows me to work on all the
parts of my body. It can burn a lot of calories in just one hour of training. Also, it
provides an all-over body workout, as nearly all of your muscles are used during
swimming. Swimming is considered as an all-round activity because it builds
endurance, muscle strength and cardiovascular fitness. But what I enjoy the most
about swimming is alleviating stress. It is all about regulating your breathing and
a smooth combination between foot and hand movements, which helps me take
things off my mind easily while under cool water. Another thing is that it is
supposed to be good for improving balance, posture and flexibility.
By maintaining a schedule of taking part in swimming twice a day associated
with a balanced diet, not only do I feel extremely relaxed and full of energy
after hectic working hours but I also lose some weight and get more in shape. So
of course, I don’t see myself stopping practicing this activity any time soon.
2. Do you have any unhealthy habits?
Sadly, a big yes. Because I work until 9 pm and won’t be back until 10 pm,
I often stay up late, very late. Besides, I’m also quite busy so I don’t usually cook.
I eat ready meals instead.
3. Could governments do more to promote healthier lifestyle options?
I think there are still a lot of things that governments can do to encourage a
healthier lifestyle. People should be both physically and mentally healthy.
Therefore, both of the aspects should receive attention equally. For physical
health, governments can raise taxes on junk food and invest more in public
exercise equipment. For mental health, I believe most of the mental
112
problems result from stress. Therefore, governments should come up with
ideas to reduce the working hours of employees as well as the workload of
students. Of course, this reduction must be accompanied by an increase in
productivity and quality.
4. Do you think most people worry more about their health as they get older?
Obviously, people will pay more attention to their health problems when
they go grey. The reason is that when we are older, our immune system will
weaken. And as a result, we’ll get sick more easily. Besides, the sickness will also
affect us more badly.
5. Do women pay more attention to their health than men?
I believe so. Well, whenever I feel poorly, I will arrange an appointment
with my doctor for a check-up. But things don’t seem to go the same with men.
For example, my dad doesn’t think he is sick until he is at death’s door. Maybe
it’s because we think that women are more vulnerable than men.
 Vocab highlights:
1 Be caught up in (phrv) Bận bịu vì…
2 Daily routine (n) Hoạt động hằng ngày
3 Stay up late (phrv) Thức khuya
4 Midnight snack (n) Ăn vặt buổi khuya
5 Leisure habit (n) Thói quen giải trí
6 Degrade (v) Xuống cấp
7 All-over body workout Luyện tập toàn thân
(n)
8 Muscle (n) Cơ bắp
9 Alleviate stress (v) Giảm stress
10 Take things off my mind Thư giãn đầu óc, không nghĩ ngợi gì
(v)
11 Hectic (adj) Căng thẳng, bộn bề
12 Lose weight Giảm cân
13 Ready meal Bữa ăn sẵn
113
4. Practice
1. The man wants to __________.
 try out for the company basketball team
 join a soccer club
 run a mountain marathon
2. The woman is worried that _________.
 her husband is becoming a fitness freak
 the man works too much
 her husband’s health isn’t good
3. First, the woman suggests that her husband ___________.
 start with light workouts
 visit with a fitness trainer
 see a doctor
4. Her husband should _____________.
 consume less salt
 eat more protein
 eat less fatty foods
5. Why does the man’s wife recommend cycling?
 It helps strengthen the heart
 It helps develop mental toughness
 It is good for improving muscle tone
114
B. Linking words/phrases with corresponding means
Target Characteristics
1. indigestion a. tired out or exhausted
2. flu b. to be very tired, especially after a lot of

physical activity or work. It also means to be
going to die soon
3. a picture of (good) c. very ill or appearing very sickly

health
4. shattered d. to be in a very healthy condition
5. hale and hearty e. to be in a good health
6. feel good f. used to talk about emotional state
7. bronchitis g. an illness in which your bronchial tubes

become sore or damaged and you cough a lot
8. look like death warmed h. an unpleasant feeling such as pain or a

up burning sensation in your stomach or chest that
is caused by difficulty in digesting food
9. on my last legs i. a common disease that is caused by a virus

and that causes fever, weakness, body aches,
and breathing problems
10. bruise j. a dark and painful area on your skin that is

caused by an injury
115
C. Complete the gaps in the text below using words form the box.
factors ingredients maintain nutrients overeating overweight servings variety
How to improve your diet

 Make sure that you eat a (1) …………………… of foods. It is
important to eat from all five food groups.
 Eat plenty of fruit and vegetables. These contain vital (2)
……………… and leading dietitians recommend eating at least two
(3) …………… of fruit and three of vegetables every day.
 Try to (4) …………… a healthy weight. Being too thin can cause as
many health problems as being (5) ……………. Remember. The
correct weight for you depends on many different (6) ………………
including your age, height and sex.
 Eat moderate portions and don’t be tempted to order a larger size
when eating out. Skipping meals can lead to (7) …………… as you
will be much hungrier later, so be sure to eat regularly if you want to
curb your appetite.
 You don’t need to eliminate all of your favourite foods but do check
the (8) ……………… on food labels and make sure that you reduce
your intake of foods that are high in fats, suger and salt.
 If you have a good allergy, make sure you avoid any of the
ingredients that can trigger an attack.
116
Living by the sea makes us happier

New research
suggests that people
who live close to the
ocean or sea are
happier. Researchers
from the University
of Exeter in the UK
say people who live
in coastal areas have
better mental health
than people who live
inland. This is for
rich people and poor
people. The researchers looked at data from surveys of 25,963 people. The
surveys asked people questions about their happiness, lifestyle and income.
They found that those who live within one kilometer of the coast are 22 per cent
less likely to show any signs of mental health problems. People who lived more
than 50 kilometers from the coast had more symptoms of mental health
problems. The researchers found that poorer people living within sight of the
coast were around 40 per cent less likely to have mental health symptoms than
those who lived inland.
Lead researcher of the study, doctor Jo Garrett, said: "Our research suggests,
for the first time, that people in poorer households living close to the coast
experience fewer symptoms of mental health disorders." She said the area along
coasts seemed to protect people from experiencing mental health problems.
They seemed to improve people's health and wellbeing. Dr Garrett added:
"When it comes to mental health, this protective zone could play a useful role
in helping to level the playing field between those on high and low incomes."
Another researcher, Dr Mathew White, said: "We need to help policy makers
understand how to maximize the wellbeing benefits of 'blue' spaces in towns
and cities. We need to ensure that access is fair and inclusive for everyone, while
not damaging our fragile coastal environments."
117
Scientists develop COVID-19 vaccine
In a year that has largely been full of bad and tragic news because of COVID-
19, there is finally some good news. Scientists have announced a breakthrough
in the fight against the virus. The scientists are from the U.S. drug company
Pfizer and the German pharmaceutical company BioNTech. Their researchers
say they have developed a vaccine that has a 90 per cent success rate in
protecting against COVID-19. The researchers also say the vaccine does not
cause serious side effects. Dr. Anthony Fauci, head of the USA's National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said the vaccine was positive news.
He said: "The results are really quite good, I mean extraordinary."
Health experts say it will be months before the vaccine is widely available for
people to take. It needs to be stored at temperatures of -80º Celsius. However,
Pfizer CEO Dr. Albert Bourla was upbeat about his company's achievement. He
said: "Today is a great day for science and humanity....We are reaching this
critical milestone in our vaccine development program at a time when the world
needs it most." He added: "Infection rates are setting new records, hospitals are
nearing over-capacity and economies are struggling to reopen. With today's
news, we are a significant step closer to providing people around the world with
a much-needed breakthrough to help bring an end to this global health crisis."
118

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2 Advertising budget (n) Ngân sách quảng cáo

3 Brand awareness (n) Sự nhận thức về thương hiệu

4 Brand loyalty (n) Sự trung thành đối với thương hiệu

5 Celebrity endorsement (n) Quảng bá thương hiệu bằng người nổi

11 Press release (n) Thông cáo báo chí

12 Press conference (n) Họp báo

14 Target audience (n) Khách hàng mục tiêu

15 Word of mouth (n) Sự truyền miệng về sản phẩm giữa người

16 Social media (n) Mạng xã hội

19 Eye-catching (adj) Dễ gây chú ý, bắt mắt

21 Telemarketing (n) Tiếp thị qua điện thoại

22 Branding (n) Xây dựng thương hiệu

23 Billboard (n) Bảng quảng cáo

24 Flyer (n) Tờ rơi

B. Match the words below with their meaning.

Anger over racist Chinese advert

The racist Chinese advertisement of detergent

2 Broadsheet (n) Ấn phẩm khổ rộng

5 Headlines (n) Tiêu đề, tít bài báo, điểm tin

6 Weather Bản tin dự báo thời tiết

8 Breaking news (n) Tin nóng

9 Paparazzi (n) Người săn ảnh

10 Journalist (n) Nhà báo

11 Photojournalist (n) Phóng viên nhiếp ảnh

12 Reporter (n) Phóng viên đưa tin

13 Commentator (n) Bình luận viên, người viết bình luận

14 Channel (n) Kênh

15 Distribute (v) Phát hành

16 Magazine (n) Tạp chí

17 Studio (n) Phòng thu

18 Newspaper (n) Tờ báo

19 Newsreader (n) Người đọc tin tức

20 Reality show (n) Truyền hình thực tế

21 Game show (n) Trò chơi truyền hình

24 Electronic media (n) Phương tiện truyền thông điện tử (Internet,

3 B. Circle True or False for these sentences.

Newspaper Internet Radio Telephone Television Advertisement

2 Public transport Hệ thống giao thông công cộng

3 Traffic jams (n) Tắc đường

4 Rush hour (n) Giờ cao điểm

5 Air pollution (n) Sự ô nhiễm không khí

6 Convenient (adj) Dễ chịu, thoải mái

7 Job opportunity (n) Cơ hội việc làm

8 Wealth inequality (n) Sự phân biệt giàu nghèo

9 Population (n) Dân số

11 Overcrowding (n) Sự đông đúc

12 Overcrowded (adj) Đông đúc

13 Resident (n) Cư dân

14 Residential Area (n) Khu dân cư

15 Infrastructure (n) Cơ sở hạ tầng

16 Living costs (n) Chi phí sinh hoạt

17 Vibrant (adj) Sôi động, náo nhiệt

18 Mountainous area (n) Vùng núi, vùng có nhiều núi đồi

19 Megacity (n) Siêu đô thị

20 Life pace (n) Nhịp sống

21 Local people (n) Người bản địa

23 Urban (adj) Thuộc vùng thành phố

24 Rural (adj) Thuộc vùng nông thôn, miền quê

26 Industrial zone (n) Khu công nghiệp

27 High-rise flat (n) Căn hộ cao tầng

28 No-go area (n) Khu vực cấm vào

29 Pavement cafe (n) Cà phê vỉa hè

30 Pedestrian street (n) Phần đường dành cho người đi bộ