PALACOL, Kristen Donnel D.

GED103 – C8

MRR 1

1. The author of “Katipunan and The Revolution” Santiago Alvarez, was known as a
revolutionary general and the founder of the Nacionalista Party. He was born on July
25th of 1872 and died on the 30th of October in 1930. He was named "Kidlat ng Apoy"
(Lightning of Fire) for his ferocious bravery and dedication as commander of Cavite's
famous battles, particularly the one in Dalahican, where the victory was crucial for the
revolutionary cause because it prevented the Spanish from sending reinforcements
across the isthmus from Cavite to reconquer the province, the main Philippine bastion.
He is celebrated today in Cavite City as the Hero of the Battle of Dalahican.

While the author of the “History of the Filipino People” is Teodoro Agoncillo, who is
known as an essayist and a poet. He was a prominent 20th-century Filipino historian,
and his works are mostly the point of view of the Filipinos. He was born on November 9,
1985 and died at the age of 72 on January 14, 1985. The first publication of Agoncillo's
"History of the Filipino People" was released on (1960). It, like many of Agoncillo's other
publications, is still used as a standard textbook in many Filipino universities.

2. In the first article “Katipunan and the Revolution” the main historical event was about
the time of hard struggle and war in 1896 after the Spanish found out about the
“Katipunan.” where the Filipinos have united with a similar goal, that is to resist
colonization.

The second article “History of the Filipino People” was about the evolution and the
development of Filipino history in the time of Spanish and American colonialism. The
significant events that happened were focused more on the conflicts that they faced and
the election's outcome. The article also reveals that the Catholic Church had a big part
on it choosing who has the most power.

The characters in the first articles (Katipunan and The Revolution) are:

 Andres Bonifacio – Leader of the Katipunan

 Emilio Aguinaldo – Elected as President of the Katipunan
 Baldomero Aguinaldo - Magdalo President
 Mariano Trias - Elected as Vice President

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  General Vibora - Elected as Captain General
 Emiliano de Dios - Elected as Secretary of War
 Daniel Tirona - He went against the result of the voting when Andres Bonifacio was
elected as Secretary of the Interior.
 Ariston Villanueva - Previous Secretary of war
 Apoy - Previous Captain General
 Antonio Montenegro - He was arrested by General Apoy because he compared the
revolution to a pack of bandits or of wild, mindless animals if they did not agree on the
kind of the revolutionary government, they were to have.
 Trining & Josephine - Pleaded with Apoy not to arrest Montenegro but to let him stay at
the estate house.
 Jacinto Lumbreras - Previous Chairman of the Katipunan
 Fr. Cenon Villanueva - Officiated the oath taken by the newly elected officers.
 Severino de las Alas and Daniel Tirona- Witness of the oath-taking

Katipunan
The characters in the second article (History of Filipino People) are:

 Andres Bonifacio - Supreme Head of the Katipunan

 Artemio Ricarte - Magdalo's military commander brigadier-general
 Mariano Alvarez - Magdiwang's chosen President Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo
 Candido Tirona - Magdiwang's minister of war
 Edilberto Evangelista - Magdalo's elected Lieutenant General.
 Baldomero Aguinaldo - Proposed to establish a revolutionary government.
 Daniel Tirona - Magdalo man.
 Esteban San Juan - Invited Bonifacio to attend the demonstration of the Magdiwang
rebels in Noveleta.
 Ariston Villanueva - Magdiwang's Minister of War who stood up and said that if a new
government was to be established, Andres Bonifacio who had organized and planned
the entire revolutionary movement, must of right occupy presidency without any
election.

3. Andres Bonifacio wrote a letter to his uncle-in-law, Mariano Alvarez, releasing his anger,
which was sparked by Daniel Tirona, and in his letter, he restated his nullification of
everything that had been agreed upon, which was not mentioned in Alvarez's account.

The Magdalo President, Baldomero Aguinalo, intended to resume the disrupted

assembly, which Agoncillo did not mention in the article. The Magdalo members, on the

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 other hand, did not show up at the agreed-upon location. Rather, the Magdalo members
gathered in Tanza to take their oaths of office in secrecy.

4. A primary source allows us to get direct access to the subject of our research. Secondary
sources provide second-hand knowledge and opinion from other researchers. Journal
articles, reviews, and academic volumes are some examples. Primary sources are
described, interpreted, or synthesized by secondary sources.

5. The primary source is the article “History of the Filipino People” because of its detailed
description and because you can tell by the story written that includes dates, places, and
events that happened. Based on the article I read and the lessons we tackled before it is
all the same story, but this article shows a lot of things that did not mention in the
lectures before. There are also some images shown in this book that gave me clear idea
on what and where it really happened.

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