Teaching Reading

By Using CALL
Abdul Rasyid Hakim
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THE OBJECTIVE OF THE

PAPER

This paper reveals an alternative model for

teaching reading using Computer-Assisted
Language Learning.

It discusses how CALL implemented in the

learning process of reading.
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The significance of the

paper
For teacher
The ideas and theory about the using of CALL
in teaching reading will be useful to the
teacher that want to implement this in the
classroom activity.

For students
Students can get information/knowledge how
to utilize the computer/laptop (in school
laboratory or His/her own) to improve the
reading comprehension.
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Reading
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definition
Reading according to Brynes (1998) defined as “an interactive process that goes on
between the reader and the text, resulting in comprehension. The text presents
letters, sentences, and paragraphs that encode the meaning”.

Reading comprehension as the process of constructing meaning through interaction

and involvement with written text, the ability to make sense of the author’s
message and the ability to understand the text and the activity to make every word
and sentence in the passage meaningful by decoding the words and using the
previous knowledge (Cuesta College,2003).

Depdiknas (2004) stated that teaching reading comprehension at Senior High

School has some purposes: the comprehending of textual, ideational, and
interpersonal meaning. Textual meaning means the student have to understand
about the sentence structure of the text. Ideational meaning means the student
have to find the main idea, supporting ideas, details and get information from the
text. Interpersonal meaning means the student can respond the text.
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Reading skills &

strategies

✖ Skimming
✖ Scanning
✖ Speed Reading
✖ SQ3R (Survey,
Questioning, Read,
Recite, Review)
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CALL
Computer-Assisted Language Learning
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definition
✖ “CALL is a language learning and teaching approach in
which the computer is used as a tool for presentation,
assisting students, evaluating learning material, and has
an interactional element” stated by Ates et al (2006:1).

✖ According to Levy (1997) Computer Assisted Language

Learning (CALL) may be defined as the study of
applications of the computer in language teaching and
learning.

✖ (Hardisty & Windeatt: 1989) stated that CALL is

traditionally described as a means of 'presenting,
reinforcing and testing' particular language items.
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three phase of call

(Warschauer and Healey, 1998)

Phase Structural CALL CommunicativeRed

CALL Integrative CALL
Yellow Blue
Is the color of Is the colour of Is the color of
gold, butter and the clear sky and blood, and
ripe lemons. In the deep sea. It is because of this it
the spectrum of located between has historically
visible light, violet and green been associated
yellow is found on the optical with sacrifice,
between green spectrum. danger and
and orange. courage.
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Advantages of call
These programs provide a varying amount of instruction along
with the games. The other advantages of CALL are:
• Multimodal practice with feedback,
• Individualization in a large class,
• Pair or small group work on projects,
• The fun factor,
• Variety in the resources available and learning styles used,
• Exploratory learning with large amounts of language data,
• Real-lifeskill-building in computer use

(Warschauer and Healey, 1998).

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disadvantages of
call
• CALL requires computers and software as well as other
equipment all of which are expensive.

• Once computer laboratories are established, it is not

possible to re-equip them for several years.

• There are many limitations of equipment and facilities, and

many teachers may not be able to do what they want to do.

• On some occasions the computer programs used with

learners or demonstrated to teachers can be overtaken by a
power cut, or mechanical failure. Therefore, teachers should
be trained in the use of computers (Higgins, 1988).
Call & 12

readin
g
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implementation
Warschauer & Healey (1998 ) stated three main ways in which
computers are useful in helping language learners develop reading
skills.

a) Incidental reading. Most of the CALL programs, whether oriented

towards reading or not, involve the learner in reading text for the
successful completion of the activity.

b) Reading comprehension. Traditional question and answer CALL

programs are used for reading comprehension as well as grammar
and vocabulary development.

c) Text manipulation. There are a number of ways in which computers

can manipulate continuous text which involve the learner in close
study of the content and structure of the text. An example might be
shadow reading which provides students with authentic texts.
Additionally, sentence structure, speed reading and cloze-reading are
some of the alternative ways of developing reading skills.
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Software-based (Kledecka & Nadera, 2001)

• Developing Critical Thinking Skills

• Diagnostic Prescriptive Reading

• Heaven and Hell

• West

• Close-up
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internet-based

Resource of Material
http://www.manythings.org/

Practice
https://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/

Game “Into the book”

http://reading.ecb.org

WEB QUEST
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classroom activity
Kompetensi Dasar Materi Pokok Proses Media
Teks eksposisi analitis Activity (I)  LCD
3.10 Menganalisis Fungsi Sosial 1. Pembukaan  Laptop/Computer
fungsi sosial, Menyatakan pendapat tentang topik 2. Inti  Sumber dari
struktur teks, dan  Guru menyajikan materi pokok
yang hangat dibicarakan secara internet:
unsur kebahasaan teks eksposisi menggunakan
bertanggung jawab 1. http://www.belajarb
dari teks eksposisi powerpoint yang ditampilkan pada
Struktur teks ahasainggris.us/201
analitis tentang LCD. 2/01/contoh-analyti
topik yang hangat a. Menyebutkan pokok permasalahan  Guru meminta siswa untuk cal-exposition-prob
dibicarakan terhadap sesuatu yang hangat membuka beberapa situs/blog (1) 2. lem-of.html
umum, sesuai https://
dibicarakan contoh analytical exposition text.
dengan konteks www.proprofs.com/q
b. Menyebutkan pandangan / pendapat  Bersama-sama menentukan main uiz-school/quizsho
penggunaannya. idea, supporting ide, dan struktur
mengenai hal tersebut beserta ilustrasi w.php?title=analyt
sebagai pendukung teks. ical-exposition&q=
4.14 Menangkap  Latihan menjawab soal secara
makna dalam teks c. Diakhiri dengan kesimpulan yang 1
online (2).
eksposisi analitis menyatakan kembali pendapat 3. Penutup
tentang topik yang terhadap hal tersebut Project
hangat Unsur Kebahasaan:
dibicarakan umum - Kalimat Simple Present
- Conditional Clauses
Activity (II)
- Modals Webquest
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Web quest

Click
Here
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CONCLUSION
Teaching reading by using CALL make teaching-learning
process fun and interested.

This CALL can make students closer to the development of

technology. So, they can be ready to face the global competition.

Computer provide various features that can help both students

and teacher to get material or information to help them in reading
skill learning process. Like games, sites/blog, or social media to
exchange information.

In implementing CALL, student and teacher must ability in using

computer to fix when there are some mechanical or system
failure
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refference
Chapelle, C. A. (2003). English language learning and technology. Amsterdam:
John Benjamins Pub.

Elradii, Nehad G.R., 2014. The Effect of CALL on Developing Reading

Comprehension Skills among the Seventh Graders at Gaza Governorate Schools.
Al-Azhar University -Gaza

Kledecka, Aleksandra-Nadera, 2001. “Application of Computer Assisted

Language Learning in the Development of Reading Comprehension Skills”.
Instytucie Anglistyki na UAM.

Okonkwo , Ugochukwu C., Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL)

Software: Evaluation of its Influence in a Language Learning Process.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ujah.v12i1.4

Warschauer, M, 2008. Computer Assisted Language Learning: An Introduction

http:/www.ict4lt.org/en/warschauerhtml.
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Thank You