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ANTIDERIVATIVES
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson the students are
expected to:
•know the relationship between differentiation
and integration;
•identify and explain the different parts of the
integral operation; and
•perform basic integration by applying the power
formula and the properties of the indefinite
integrals.
DEFINITION: ANTIDERIVATIVE (INTEGRAL)
A function F is called an antiderivative (or integral) of the
function f on a given open interval if F’(x) = f(x) for every
value of x in the interval. 1 3
For example, the functionF ( x) 3 x is an antiderivative
off ( x) x 2 on interval(,) because for each x in
this interval F ' ( x) d 1 x 3 x 2 f ( x.)
dx 3
1 3
F ( x) x
However, is not the only antiderivative
3
of f on this interval. If we add any constant C to
1 3
x , then the function
3
d 1 3
G ' ( x) x C x 2
0 f ( x)
dx 3
In general, once any single antiderivative is known, the other
antiderivatives can be obtained by adding constants to the
known derivative. Thus,
1 3 1 3 1 3 1 3
x , x 2, x 5, x 2
3 3 3 3
f ( x) x 2
are all antiderivatives of .
dx
3
1. x
3 x
2
2. 6 x 7 dx
2a
3 2
3. 2
x b
2
dx
3
1 y
4. y 2
2y 3
dy
3
1 y
4. y 2
2y 3
dy
EXERCISES
Evaluate the following integral.
1. 5 x 3 2 x 2 3 dx
23
1
2. y 4 y 4 dy
5
dt
3.
3 2
t
7
4. 3 4 z z dz
3
4
z
t 5a
3
5. dt