Tissue = a group of cells and cell products with

similar structure and function.

There are four 1o tissues in the body:

1) Epithelium

2) Connective

3) Muscular

4) Nervous
Functions of Epithelial Tissue
• Physical Protection

• Regulate Exchange

• Provides Sensation

• Produce Secretions
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue
 Epithelial Tissue

Tight Junctions

Desmosomes
 Classification of Epithelia

1. Number of cell layers

A) Single layer of cells = Simple Epithelium

B) Several layers of cells (more than one) = Stratified Epithelium

2. Shape of Exposed (apical) cells

Squamous epithelium - Thin and flat.

Cuboidal epithelium - Short cube-shaped hexagonal boxes.

Columnar epithelium - Taller than it is wide.

Transitional epithelium - Changes shapes (from squamous to cuboidal).

 Classification of Epithelia
Simple (1 cell layer) Stratified (more than 1 cell layer)
1) Simple Squamous Epithelium 5) Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Keratinized = Epidermis of skin
Glomerular capsule; Alveolus
Mesothelium; Endothelium Non-keratinized = esophagus, cheek

2) Simple Cuboidal Epithelium 6) Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium

Ducts of sweat glands
Renal tubules;
Thecal follicle (thyroid gland) Ducts of salivary glands

3) Simple Columnar Epithelium 7) Stratified Columnar Epithelium

Stomach, Small and Large Intestines Male urethra

4) Pseudostratified Ciliated 8) Transitional Epithelium

Columnar Epithelium Urinary bladder, ureter
Trachea, larynx, bronchi
Simple Squamous Epithelium
Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Simple Columnar Epithelium
Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar Epithelium
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
Stratified Columnar Epithelium
Transitional Epithelium
Structural Classification of Simple and Compound Exocrine Glands
Modes of Secretion
 Connective Tissue
Fluid Connective Tissue
1) Blood
2) Lymph

Connective Tissue Proper

1) Loose 2) Dense
1) Areolar 1) Regular
2) Adipose 2) Irregular
3) Reticular 3) Elastic

Supporting Connective Tissue

1) Cartilage 1) Bone
1) Hyaline 1) Spongy
2) Elastic 2) Compact
3) Fibrocartilage
 Connective Tissue
Fluid Connective Tissue
Blood – in blood vessels and heart
Lymph – in lymph vessels and lymph nodes

Connective Tissue Proper

Loose
1) Areolar - Papillary region of dermis,
around blood vessels, C.T. of membranes
2) Adipose - Hypodermis, eye sockets,
renal fat capsule
3) Reticular - Spleen, lymph node,
capsule of liver and kidney
Dense
1) Regular – Tendons, ligaments
2) Irregular – Joint capsules
Reticular region of dermis
3) Elastic – Elastic ligaments, walls of
arteries, penile ligaments

Supporting Connective Tissue

Cartilage
1) Hyaline – nose, trachea, larynx, Bone
Costal cartilage, articular cartilage 1) Spongy – inner portion
1) Elastic – epiglottis, external ear 2) Compact – outer portion
2) Fibrocartilage – intervertebral disc,
pubic symphysis, menisci
Areolar Tissue
Adipose Tissue
Reticular Tissue
Dense Regular Connective Tissue
Dense Irregular Connective Tissue
Elastic Tissue
Hyaline Cartilage
Elastic Cartilage
Fibrocartilage
 Fluid Connective Tissue

Hematopoietic stem cells produce blood and lymph cells

 Bone Tissue

Compact Bone
Spongy Bone
Muscle Tissue

Skeletal

Cardiac

Smooth

Nervous Tissue

Neurons
and
Glial cells