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GVHD: NG TH CC
MC LC
Bi 1: KIM TRA NC MA .............................................................................. 3
1. o pH ca nc ma: ....................................................................................... 3
1.1.
1.2.
Kt qu:...................................................................................................... 3
1.3.
Nhn xt:.................................................................................................... 3
2. o Bx ca nc ma: ........................................................................................ 3
2.1.
2.2.
Kt qu:...................................................................................................... 3
3. o pol: .............................................................................................................. 3
3.1.
3.2.
Kt qu:...................................................................................................... 3
3.3.
Nhn xt:.................................................................................................... 3
5.2.
Kt qu:...................................................................................................... 4
1.2.
1.3.
Kt qu:...................................................................................................... 6
1.4.
Nhn xt:.................................................................................................... 7
2.2.
Mu ko cng: .................................................................................................. 7
Mu ko mm: .................................................................................................. 7
NHM 9
Page 1
2.3.
GVHD: NG TH CC
Kt qu: ..................................................................................................... 8
2.2.
2.3.
2.4.
Kt qu:.................................................................................................... 10
1.2.
Kt qu:.................................................................................................... 14
1.3.
Nhn xt:.................................................................................................. 14
1.4.
2. o pol: ............................................................................................................ 14
2.1.
2.2.
Kt qu:.................................................................................................... 15
2.3.
Nhn xt:.................................................................................................. 15
2.4.
Mu trng:................................................................................................ 15
3.2.
Mu l ng vng: ................................................................................. 15
3.3.
Mu l ng trng: ................................................................................ 16
NHM 9
Page 2
GVHD: NG TH CC
Bi 1: KIM TRA NC MA
1. o pH ca nc ma:
1.1. Tin hnh:
Ly mu ngui n nhit phng em o pH bng my o pH.
pH = pH c c trn my
1.2. Kt qu:
pH nc ma = 5,2 ; Ti nhit : to = 31oC
1.3. Nhn xt:
Nc ma c pH = 5,2 < 7. Nc ma c mi trng axit yu, v th c v hi
chua.
2. o Bx ca nc ma:
2.1. Tin hnh:
o bng chit quang k, o nhit dung dch ti thi im c Bx.
Bx% = Bx c Bx
2.2. Kt qu:
Bx c = 21,5 ; Ti nhit : to = 31,5oC
Tra bng hiu chnh nhit ca Bx quan st (t 0 - 80 oC) nhit chun
20 oC : Ti 30 oC - Bx c = 20 - Bx = 0,68
S dng phng php ni suy c c:
Ti 31,5 oC - Bx c = 21,5 - Bx = 0,689
Bx% = Bx c Bx = 21,5 + 0,689 = 22,189
3. o pol:
3.1. Tin hnh:
Ly 150 ml nc ma cho vo bnh tam gic kh sch + 0,5g ch acetat bt.
Quan st nu c kt ta l c. Sau lc vo mt bnh tam gic kh sch khc.
Trng b 25ml dch lc u. Cho dch lc vo ng o pol 250mm v em o trong
my o pol. Kt qu c trn my ghi pol c.
pol % =
3.2. Kt qu:
pol c = 68
T Bx% tm c phn trn, ta bng i chiu nng Bxix, B v t
trng ca dung dch ng 20 oC:
Ti nng Bx% = 22,189 d = 1,09080
pol % =
3.3. Nhn xt:
Pol% < Bx%, bi v trong Bx cn c nhng cht ha tan khc ngoi pol.
NHM 9
Page 3
GVHD: NG TH CC
4. Tnh AP:
AP % =
x 100
Kt qu:
AP % =
x 100 = 73,2074
5. Hm lng RS:
5.1. Tin hnh:
Ht 5ml FA + 5ml FB + 20ml nc ct vo bnh tam gic 250ml, t ln bp
un si, nh vi git nethylen blue. nh phn bng dung dch nc ma mu cho
n khi dung dch chuyn mu xanh dng sang mu gch. Kim chng bng
methylene blue bng cch nh vo 1 git methylene blue nu mt nu xanh l phn
ng kt thc. Ghi ly V(ml) nc ma mu tiu tn.
RS % =
Trong :
f: factor ca dung dch fehling
V: s ml nc ma mu nh phn
d: t trng ca dugn dch suy t Bx
5.2. Kt qu:
f=1
d = 1,09080
Tin
Cm
V(ml)
2,6
2,6
RS % =
NHM 9
Lin
2,5
Yn
2,5
Vtb
2,55
Page 4
GVHD: NG TH CC
Bi 2: XC NH KIM CA BNH
1. Nguyn tc:
Trung ha lng kim c trong mu bnh bng dung dch HCl 0.1N vi ch th
Methyl da cam 0.1%.
2. Tin hnh:
Chun bi mu bnh quy
Cn 5g mu bnh quy nghin nh cho va bnh tam gic 250ml.
Thm vo 50ml nc ct, yn 30 pht, thnh thong lc u. Sau lc sang
bnh tam gic kh sch khc.
Ra giy lc nhiu ln v thu ton b nc ra xung bnh tam gic. Thm 3 git
M.O 1%.
Chun bng dung dch HCl 0.1N n mu cam th dng li v ghi th tch
dung dch HCl 0.1N tiu tn.
3. Kt qu chun :
Khi lng cn(g)
HCl 0.1N tiu tn(ml)
5.01
2.6
Yn
5.03
2.3
Lin
5.09
2.3
Tin
5.10
2.5
Cm
5.0575
2.425
Tng
Hm lng acid:
X (%)
NHM 9
N *V
0.1 * 2.425
*100
*100 0.4794%
m *10
5.0575 *10
Page 5
GVHD: NG TH CC
Trong :
V1: th tch dung dch ng kh 1% tiu tn trong mu chnh (ml)
V: th tch dung dch ng kh 1% tiu tn trong mu trng (ml)
m: khi lng ko (g)
Kt qu thc hnh:
m ko cng = 0,2 g
m ko mm = 0,1 g
V = (10,2 + 10)/ 2 = 10,1 ml
NHM 9
Page 6
GVHD: NG TH CC
Hm lng ng kh ca ko mm:
%RS =
Page 7
GVHD: NG TH CC
N * M *V 1*V 2
0.1 * 64 * 250 * 2.21875
*100
*100 0.71%
m * V *1000
20 * 25 *1000
Tng
2.3ml
2.2ml
2.2ml
2.175ml
2.21875ml
Tng
0.4ml
0.425ml
0.375ml
0.375ml
0.39375ml
N * M *V 1*V 2
0.1 * 64 * 250 * 0.39375
*100
*100 0.126%
m * V *1000
20 * 25 *1000
NHM 9
Page 8
GVHD: NG TH CC
Page 9
GVHD: NG TH CC
Cho tip mt th tch dung dch NaOH 1N ng bng th tch dung dch NaOH 1N
dng trung ha th tch dung dch ZnSO4 1N nh trn vi ch th P.P 1%
trong mt th nghim ring bit. Lc u dung dch trong bnh v thm nc ct n
vch, lc u. yn 10 pht ri em lc qua giy lc kh, sch. Phn dung dch
u trng ra bnh v b i. Dung dch sau lc c gi l dung dch I.
2.2. Thy phn dung dch th:
Ly chnh xc 50ml dung dch (I) vo bnh nh mc 250ml, thm 50ml nc
ct, 7ml HCl m c (d = 1,19). Cm nhit k vo bnh v un trong ni cch
thy, gi nhit ca dung dch trong bnh l 700C trong 5 pht. Ly bnh ra lm
ngui nhanh di vi nc. Trung ha dung dch trong bnh nh mc bng dung
dch NaOH 20% vi ch th P.P 1% n khi dung dch c mu hng bn sau 30
giy. Thm nc ct n vch, lc u. Dung dch ny gi l dung dch (II).
2.3. Xc nh hm lng ng:
Ly chnh xc 25ml Fehling A, 25ml Fehling B vo bnh tam gic 250ml.
Thm 25ml dung dch (II), lc u. t bnh tam gic ln bp in v un si 3 pht
k t lc bt u si. Ly ra lng kt ta. Dung dch bn trn ca ng oxit1 phi
c mu xanh, nu khng phi lm li vi dung dch (II) t hn. Khi kt ta ng oxit
lng xung, lc gn phn nc trn kt ta vo phu lc. Cho nc ct un si
vo bnh tam gic v tip tc lc gn cho n khi nc trong bnh ht kim tnh.
Trong khi lc lun gi mt lp nc trn kt ta trnh ng oxit tip xc vi
khng kh. Sau khi lc xong cho phn giy lc va lc xong vo bnh tam gic c
kt ta ng oxit, tip tc cho thm 40ml dung dch st III sunfat. Chun ngay
dung dch trong bnh tam gic bng dung dch KMnO4 0,1N cho ti khi dung dch
trong bnh chuyn sang mu pht hng th dng li. Ghi li th tch dung dch
KMnO4 0,1N tiu tn.
2.4. Kt qu:
Sau khi chun ta c:
= 11,5 ml
Tra bng lng glucoza theo KMnO4 ta c m1= 37.
Hm lng ng ton phn tnh bng % theo cng thc:
X4 =
(%)
Trong :
- m: khi lng mu, tnh bng g.
- m1: khi lng ng tra trong bng ph lc 10, tnh bng mg.
- V1: th tch dung dch ha tan lng mu cn (dd I), tnh bng ml.
- V2: th tch pha long dung dch sau khi nghch chuyn (dd II), tnh bng ml.
- V3: th tch dung dch (I) ly thy phn, tnh bng ml.
NHM 9
Page 10
GVHD: NG TH CC
- V4: th tch dung dch (II) ly xc nh hm lng ng, tnh bng ml.
Ta c:
V1 = 250ml
V2 = 250ml
V3 = 50ml
V4 = 25ml
m = 10g
m1 = 37mg
Hm lng ng ton phn:
X4 =
NHM 9
= 18,5 %
Page 11
GVHD: NG TH CC
5. Hm lng RS:
Cch 1:
- Cch tin hnh: ly dung dch pha long cho vo burette cho 5ml
Fehling A + 5ml Fehling B + 20ml nc ct vo bnh tam gic 250ml un
si mnh khi bt u si cho 1 2 git methylene blue chun bng
dung dch mu cho n khi dung dch chuy sang mu gch kim
chng bng methylene blue ghi li th tch chun .
- Cng thc tnh:
Trong :
V: th tch dung dch mu dung trong nh phn (ml)
D: t trng ca dung dch pha long suy t Bx
F: Factor ca dung dch Fehling
HSPL: H s pha long mu
Kt qu nhn c:
Ln chun
1
2
2,9ml
2,9ml
S ml chun
Cm
Yn
Ngi chun
Vtb = 2,875ml
NHM 9
3
2,8ml
Lin
4
2,9ml
Tin
Page 12
GVHD: NG TH CC
Bx = 230 d = 1,09636
F= 1
HSPL = 4
Cch 2:
- Cch tin hnh: Cn chnh xc 26,00g t dung dch pha long (ly dung dch
ca cch 1 pha long) cho vo bnh nh mc 100ml nh mc n vch
lc u chun bng dung dch ny dung dch t mu xanh chuyn sang
mu gch kim chng bng methylene blue ghi li th tch chun .
- Cng thc tnh:
Trong :
V: th tch dung dch mu dung trong nh phn (ml)
HSPL: H s pha long mu
Kt qu nhn c:
Ln chun
1
2
3
12,4ml
12,5ml
12,3ml
S ml chun
Yn
Tin
Lin
Ngi chun
Vtb = 12,425ml
HSPL = 4
4
12,5ml
Cm
NHM 9
Page 13
GVHD: NG TH CC
1.2. Kt qu:
m1 = 30,7708g
m2 = 30,6975g
mmu = 5,0076g
NHM 9
Page 14
GVHD: NG TH CC
2.2. Kt qu:
Pol c = 96 - Nhit = 310C
Pol% = 96 x [1 + 0,0003 x (31 20)] = 96,3168
2.3. Nhn xt: Vi pol = 96 l thp kt qu cha ng.
2.4. Bin lun: Trong qu trnh th nghim c th xy ra cc sai st.
- Cn mu cha chnh xc.
- mu ngoi khng kh qu lu trc khi o mu.
- Lc mu cha k.
- Dng cng cha mu vn cn nc khi rt mu vo dn n mu b pha
long nhng khng th xc nh c h s.
3. Hm lng RS:
3.1. Mu trng:
Cch tin hnh:
10ml FA + 10ml FB + 20ml nc ct un si trn bp in nh 3 git
Methylen blue nh phn bng dung dch glucose 5% cho n khi dung dch
t mu xanh chuyn sang mu gch kim chng bng Methylen Blue ghi
ly V(ml) = A
Kt qu thu c:
V1 = 23,1ml
V2 = 24,9ml
Vtb = 24 = A
3.2. Mu l ng vng:
Cch tin hnh:
Bc 1: Cn chnh xc 26g mu ng vng ha tan bng nc ct cho vo
cc thy tinh 100ml cho vo bnh nh mc 100ml trng ra cc nhiu ln,
dung nc ct nh mc ln vch lc u.
Bc 2: 10ml FA + 10ml FB + 20ml nc ct + 10ml dung dch mu un si
trn bp in nh 3 git Methylen blue nh phn bng dung dch glucose 5%
cho n khi dung dch t mu xanh chuyn sang mu gch kim chng
bng Methylen Blue ghi ly V(ml) = a
Cng thc tnh
(
)
F: factor ca dung dch fehling
Kt qu thu c:
Ln chun
1
S ml chun 3,4ml
Yn
Ngi chun
Vtb = 3,425 ml = a
F=1
2
3,5ml
Tin
3
3,3ml
Lin
(
NHM 9
4
3,5ml
Cm
)
Page 15
GVHD: NG TH CC
Nhn xt:
Hm lng RS tnh c sau khi tin hnh th nghim cao hn so vi ng
vng tinh khit vi hm lng ng kh < 0,13%
Bin lun:
- C th do hm lng kh trong mu qu cao, sn phm khng t cht lng
yu cu.
- Chun s ml th tch vt qu lng ng kh trong mu, dn n sai
s.
3.3. Mu l ng trng:
Cch tin hnh:
Bc 1: Cn chnh xc 26g mu ng trng ha tan bng nc ct cho vo
cc thy tinh 100ml cho vo bnh nh mc 100ml trng ra cc nhiu ln,
dung nc ct nh mc ln vch lc u.
Bc 2: 10ml FA + 10ml FB + 20ml nc ct + 20ml dung dch mu un si
trn bp in nh 3 git Methylen blue nh phn bng dung dch glucose 5%
cho n khi dung dch t mu xanh chuyn sang mu gch kim chng
bng Methylen Blue ghi ly V(ml) = a
Cng thc tnh
(
)
F: factor ca dung dch fehling
Kt qu thu c:
Ln chun
1
S ml chun 22,6ml
Yn
Ngi chun
Vtb = 22,475 ml = a
F=1
2
22,5ml
Tin
3
22,4ml
Lin
4
22,4ml
Cm
Nhn xt:
Hm lng RS tnh c sau khi tin hnh th nghim cao hn khng nhiu so
vi ng tinh luyn vi hm lng ng kh < 0,03%, vi kt qu ny sp s
bng nhau.
NHM 9
Page 16