.

- -

, , 2013

1. ............................................................................................................................

2. ...............................................................................................................

3. ................................................................................................................

4. A ...............................

4.1. (HPLC) ..........................................

4.2. (LC-MS/MS) .........................

4.3. ELISA ........................................................................................................................

4.4. ....................................................................................

4.5. FLORIDA ..................................................................................................................

4.6. ...............................................................................................................

5. ........................................................

6. .......................................................................................................................

10

7. ...................................................................................................................

11

1.

, , .
.

. (, ,
.) ,
[1].
,
, , . ,
,
.
, , ,
. ,
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, ,
, , , .
, .
,
, ( ) (
). ,
, , Fusarium
[2]. ,
20-30 .
1 [2] ,
.
1.

( : DAS, T-2, HT-2;

B: DON, NIV)

(, )

, , ,

Penicillium
P. verrucosum
P. aurantiogriseum
P. citrinum
P. expansum

,
,
,

(, )

Aspergillus
A. flavus
A. parasiticus
A. versicolor
A. ochraceus

B1, B2, G1, G2

, ,

Fusarium
F. graminearum
F. culmorum
F. langsethiae
F. crookwellense
F. semetectum
F. moniliforme
F. proliferatum

,
,

, , , ,

2.
, ,
Aspergillus flavus Aspergillus parasiticus.
A. flavus B1 B2, A. parasiticus
B1, B2, G1 G2. B1
1. . 1
.

. 1

, .
, , , , ,
.
: ,
, , .
:
, , ,
, .
[1,
3].

, 20 ppb 0.05 ppb
, 20 ppb
0.5 ppb, [3]. 3 ppb
, .

3.
, Aspergillus ochraceus Penicilium
viridicatum, ,
,
, , , , ,
( ).
, B C, ,
,
.
. 2 .
,
. , ,
,
. ,
,
, [4, 5].

.2

, 10-20 ppb
.
, 5 50 ppb.
, :
10 ppb; 5 ppb;
3 ppb; , 2 ppb;
0.5 ppb [1].

4. A


.
,
(ppb g/kg).

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.

.
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, , , ,
[6].
,
ELISA HPLC, [7].
6

4.1. (HPLC)
(HPLC) e . HPLC

; , .
HPLC ,
,
.
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),

.
,
.
,
20 , ( .,
). HPLC ,
.

[7].
4.2. (LC-MS/MS)
(LC-MS)
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.
( HPLC)
.
(MS)
: .
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:.

(APCI)
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[7].

4.3. ELISA
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B1, B2, G1 G2, .
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, 1
[7].
4.5. FLORIDA
- (FLORIDA)
,
ppt.
- -
.
, ()
.
-,
8

. ,
, .

, - .
2 , -
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. , FLORIDA

-, ., 1 [7].
4.6.
,
,
.
(SPR)

,
.
-
.
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.
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() , .
, SPR -
/
.

[7].
5.
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. ,
,
[8].
M1
(AFM1) ELISA , 0.01 g/l. ELISA
, 0.05 g/l.
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headspace ,
ELISA.
,
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9

 , IAC C18,
HPLC. ,
(FLD). AFM1
, ,
.
, 20-50 ml .
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(MFC) B1, B2, G1 G2,
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MFC AFM1, .
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AFM1 MS.

(MS/MS) AFM1 .
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10

7.
1. Mycotoxin Handbook, 3rd edition, Neogen Corporation, 2012.
2. Mycotoxins in Food, Toxicology Factsheet Series, Issue no. 1, Food Safety, Authority of
Ireland, May 2009.
3. L. W. Whitlow, W. M. Hagler Jr., Mycotoxins in Dairy Cattle: Occurrence, Toxicity,
Prevention and Treatment, Proc. Southwest Nutr. Tucson: University of Arizona, Animal
Sciences; 2005; p. 127138.
4. http://www.famic.go.jp/ffis/oie/obj/hc_ota.pdf ( 30.10.2013).
5. . H. Hope, B. E. Hope, A Review of the Diagnosis and Treatment of Ochratoxin A
Inhalational Exposure Associated with Human Illness and Kidney Disease including Focal
Segmental Glomerulosclerosis, Journal of Environmental and Public Health,
Volume 2012 (2012).
6. A. Espinosa-Caldern et al., Methods for Detection and Quantification of Aflatoxins,
Aflatoxins Detection, Measurement and Control, InTech, 2011; Chapter 7, pp. 109128.
7. A. Pittet, Modern Methods and Trends in Mycotoxin Analysis, Mitt. Lebensm. Hyg. 96,
424444 (2005).
8. C. Y. Chen, W. J. Li, K. Y. Peng, Determination of Aflatoxin M1 in Milk and Milk
Powder Using High-Flow Solid-Phase Extraction and Liquid ChromatographyTandem
Mass Spectrometry, J. Agric. Food Chem., 2005, 53 (22), 8474-8480.

11