Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬

hn\-bm-\znXw
hmWn-Zmkv Ff-bm-hqcv
1935 Pq¨ 4˛\v IÆq¿ Pn√-bn¬ Ff-bm-hq¿ F∂ {Kma-Øn¬
P\n®p. ]nXmhv Fw.hn. IrjvW≥\-ºym¿. amXmhv ]Sn-™m-td-
ho-´n¬ AΩmfpAΩ. 36 h¿j sØ A[ym-]-\-Øn-\p-tijw
IqSmfn sslkvIq-fn¬\n∂v dn´-b¿ sNbvXp. hnin-„m-[ym-]-I-
\p≈ cmjv{S-]-Xn-bpsS Ahm¿Uv e`n-®n-´p≠v. kwKw hmcnI,
ISBN 81-7204 - 406 - 2 Xmfw ss{Xam-knI, tkmjy-enÃv hyq kmbmlv\ Zn\]{Xw
F∂n-h-bpsS ]{Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp∂p. Nne-sºmen, Nµ-\-ssØew,
i.p.h. publication no: 330
quar'ante munnil vinayanuitham (malayalam)
IY]d-bp∂ tIme-Øp-\mSv, IY-sNm-cn-bpw-\mSv, IY-I-fp-d-ßp∂
(religion/islam) IS-temcw, IY-I-fpsS \mSv, hnNm-c-ta-Je, {]hm-N-I-I-Y-Iƒ XpS-
hmWn-Zmkv Ff-bm-hqcv
author : ßnb {KŸ-ß-fpsS I¿Ømhv. kmln-Xy-kmw-kvIm-cnI hnZym-
vanidas elayavuru `ymk cwK-ß-fp-ambn D‰ _‘w. tIcf k¿°m-cns‚ sSIvÃv
publishers: _pIv IΩ‰n, kne-_kv Chm-tez-j≥ IΩ‰n, _me-km-lnXy
islamic publishing house C≥Ãn-‰yq´v, Xp©≥kvam-cI amt\-PnMv IΩ‰n, t\j-\¬
p.o. merikunnu, kozhikode-673 012
Iu¨kn¬ t^m¿ ssN¬Uv FUyqt°-j≥ \n¿hm-lI kanXn,
first edition:
march : 1998 tIcf {KŸ-imem kwLw AssUz-kdn t_m¿Uv F∂n-h-bn¬
copies: 3000 AwK-am-bn-cp∂p. cN-\-bn¬ Hc-\p-io-e\w F∂ {]_-‘-Øn\v
typesetting: F≥.kn.C.B¿.Snbp-sSbpw GI-I-t_m-[n\n F∂ {KŸ-Øn\v
shadow point, calicut C≥Ãn-‰yq´v Hm^v FUyqt°-j-s‚bpw Ahm¿Uv e`n-®n-´p≠v.
cover design:
c. sidheeque
printers : `mcy: sI.Fw. btimZ
print arts, feroke a°ƒ: Aa¿\mYv, APnXv Ipam¿, btim-[c
- ≥, [¿tΩ-{µ≥.
rights with the publishers hmWn-Zmkv Ff-bm-hqcv F∂Xv Xqen-Im-\maw.
price rs: 60.00 icn-bmb t]cv KwKm-[-c≥ \ºym¿ ]n.hn.
distribution: hnemkw: IrjvW-]pcw, Ff-bm-hqcv, IÆq¿ ˛ 690 594
islamic publishing house, m.p. road, kozhikode-673 001
islamic publishing house, islamic centre, market lane, palayam,
thiruvananthapuram-695 034 Ckvem-anIv ]ªn-jnwKv lukv
islamic publishing house, islamic centre, pullepady,
eranakulam, kochi-682 018. tImgn-t°mSv
12 13

{]kvXm-h\
Ckvem-ans\°pdn®v AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-I-f-√m-Ø-h-cpsS ]T-\-߃ ae-bm-f-

1
Øn¬ Ipd-hmWv. D≈-h-Xs∂ ap≥[m-c-W-tbmsS Ckvem-ans‚ GsX-¶nepw Hcp
hisØ CI-gvØntbm ]pI-gvØntbm cNn-°-s∏-´Xpw.
Ncn{Xw ]Tn-°p∂ GsXm-cmƒ°pw a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øns‚ hnIm-k-Øn¬
Ckvem-ans‚ kzm[o\w hnkva-cn-°m-h-X√. A⁄-Xbpw A‘-hn-izm-k-ßfpw
am{Xw ssIap-X-em-bn-cp∂ P\-]-Y-ßsf `uXn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb hn⁄m\w
]I¿∂v kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ ]mc-ay-X-bn-te°v Db¿Øp-I-bmWv Ckvemw km[n® Xa- n¬\n∂v tPymXn- n-te°v
hnπhw. 21˛mw \q‰m-≠n-seØn \n¬°p∂ a\p-jy≥ t\cn-Sp∂ {]iv\-ß-fpsS
]cn-lm-chpw Ckvem-am-sW-∂-Xn¬ X¿°-an√. Ime-{]-hm-lsØ AXn-Po-hn®
hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥ samØw a\pjy kaq-l-Øns‚ kzØm-bn´pw P\-a-\- p-I-fn¬ Xmf-∏n-g-I-fpsS temIw!
Fßs\ sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ°v CSw In´n F∂Xv ]T-\m¿l-amWv. ""Ic-bnepw IS-enepw Hcp-t]mse
Ckvem-ans‚ i{Xp-°-fpsS IpX-{¥-ß-tfm-sSm∏w Imem-¥-c-Øn¬ A\p-bm- A[¿Ωw hym]n-®n-cn-°p∂p.'' 30:41
A[¿Ω-Øns‚ apJ-Øn\v Iptd-°qSn
bn-Iƒ°v h∂ ]ng-hp-Ifpw CXn\p Imc-W-amWv. ]pXp-\q-‰m-≠n¬ B[p-\n-I-X-
Idp∏pw IcpØpw ssIh-∂-Xp-t]mse.
bpsS k¿h-k-∂m-l-ß-fp-sam-cp°n ]m›m-Xy¿ Ckvem-an-s\-Xn-cmb {]Nm-cWw A⁄X, A\m-K-cn-IX, At\-I-`m-cymXzw
XpS-cp-I-bmWv. C¥y-bn¬ GI kwkvIm-c-Øn\p th≠n hmZn-°p-∂-h¿ ]m›mXy B`n-Nmcw, A[¿Ω-I¿Ω߃, aZy-]m\w
am[y-a-߃ Zp„-em-t°msS \S-Øp∂ {]Nm-c-W-߃ G‰p-]n-Sn-°p∂p. cmjv{So- a\p-jy-amw-k-t`m-P\w, hy`n-Nmcw, NqXm´w
bm-[n-Im-c-Øn\p th≠n, Ncn{Xw Gev]n® apdn-hp-Iƒ IqSp-X¬ k¶o¿W-am-°m- Cuizc \ntj[w˛
\mWv {iaw. Ah-Xm-f-ß-fpsS hnkva-b-I-c-amb sshNn{Xyw!
kwkvIm-c-Ønepw km£-c-X-bnepw ap∂n-´p-\n¬°p∂ tIc-f-Øn¬ t]mepw
hn`m-Ko-b-X-bpsS hnØp-Iƒ ]mIm≥ Bkq-{XnX {ia-߃ \S-°p∂p. Cu ]›m- B Imf-cm-{Xn-bpsS `oI-c-`mhw
a\p-jy-tN-X-\sb hnd-ß-en-∏n®p.
Ø-e-Øn¬ `n∂-a-X-߃ a\- n-em-°m≥ \S-Øp∂ GsXmcp {iahpw t{]m’m-
\£-{X-߃ t]mepw IÆp-Im-´m-\-d-®p-\n∂p!
ln-∏n-°-s∏-tS-≠-XmWv.
Aßv, A\-¥-X-bn¬, Ahy-‡-X-bn¬
tIc-f-Ønse Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Ckvem-ans\°pdn®v \S-Øp∂ tZh-ho-W-bp-ambn h∂ Hcp Km\-K-‘¿h≥
kXy-k-‘-amb At\z-j-W-amWv Cu IrXn. Np‰pw ImWp-∂-X√ Ckvemw F∂ {ipXn-ao´n........
ap≥hn[n am{Xta CXns‚ cN-\-bn¬ At±-lsØ kzm[o-\n-®n-´p≈q. Ckvem-an- ""\n߃°v \nß-fpsS AΩ-am¿
s\-Xn-cmb Btcm-]-W-߃°v adp-]-Sn-bm-b√ Cu {KŸ-Øns‚ cN-\-sb-¶nepw \ntcm-[n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p.'' 4:23
{]Nm-c-W-߃ ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-am-sW∂v Imcy-Im-c-W-k-lnXw t_m[y-s∏-Sp- ""hy`n-Nmcw sNø-cpXv;
Øp∂p. Pmc kwk¿§-a-cpXv'' 5:5
tIhew \mawsIm≠v Hcmƒ apkven-am-hp-I-bn√. Ckvemw ho≠pw ktN-X-\- ""\nß-fpsS k¥m-\-ßsf
am-Im≥ AXns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ hnizmk˛I¿a taJ-e-I-fn¬ ]p\¿hn-Nn-¥-\- \n߃ sIm√m-Xn-cn-°p-hn≥'' 6:152
Øn\p Xbm-dm-I-W-sa∂v {KŸ-Im-c≥ DW¿Øp∂p. ""aZy-]m-\hpw NqXm-´hpw {]Xn-am-]q-P-\hpw
A£-c-kvt\-ln-I-fn¬\n∂v Cu IrXn°p e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ A`q-X- iIp-\-Z¿i-\-hp-sa√mw
]q¿h-amb AwKo-Imcw R߃°v Bthiw ]I-cp-∂p. F´v amk-Øn-\p-≈n¬ Aip-≤hpw ss]im-Nn-I-hp-amb I¿Ω-ß-fm-Ip∂p'' 5:90
aq∂v ]Xn-∏p-I-fn-embn Hº-Xn-\m-bncw tIm∏n-Iƒ A®-Sn-t°-≠n-h-∂Xv A\p-hm- h¿Ø-am-\-Ime kaql-Ønse Po¿Æ-X-Isf t\m°n-bmWv B ]cm-
N-I¿°v Cu IrXn-tbm-Sp≈ Xm¬]cyw hy‡-am-°p-∂p. a¿i-ß-sf√mw. A{X-am{Xw lo\hpw tlbhpw ivaim\ kZr-i-hp-am-bn-
cp∂p kmaq-lym-¥-cojw. am\-hn-I-X-bpsS kq£va kv^pcWw P\-Po-hn-
Ckvem-ans\°pdn®v kzX-{¥hpw kXy-k-‘-hp-amb ]T\w \S-Øm≥ B{K- X-Øns‚ \me-b-e-Øp-t]mepw ImWm≥ Ign-™n√. k¿h-kw-lm-c-I-amb
ln-°p-∂-h¿°v Cu IrXn hgn-Im-´n-bm-hp-sa-∂-Xn¬ X¿°-an√. cm£-ko-bX Ifn-hn-f-bm´w \S-Øp∂ B Imf-cm-{Xn-bn¬ ""Ic-bnepw IS-
{]km-[-I¿
14 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw Xa- n¬\n∂v tPymXn- n-te°v 15

enepw Hcp-t]mse A[¿Ωw hym]n-®n-cp∂'' B Zim-k-‘n-bn¬ Hcp {]hm- °p∂p. B ssIhn-f-°p-ambn \nßsf kao-]n-°p-∂Xv \n߃°]cn-Nn-X-
N-Is‚ {]Xy£w A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cp∂p. Ahn-sS-bmWv hc-ho-W-bp-ambn \√. \nßsf t\cn-e-dn-bp∂, \nß-fpsS kakvX kv^µ-ßfpw A\p-`-hn-
B tZh-Km-b-I≥ IS∂phcp-∂Xv. ®-dn™ "hniz-kvX-\mb' Hsc-fnb a\p-jy-\mWv.
k^m-a-e-bpsS Db-c-ß-fn¬ tZhhoW-bp-ambn dkq¬ \n∂p. Icmw- X\n-°p-th-≠n-am{Xw Pohn-®p-t]m∂ a\p-jys\
Kp-en-Iƒ hoWm-X-{¥n-I-fn¬ ]Xps° Cg-™p-\oßn. Km\-ho-Nn-Iƒ P\- ssZh-Øn-\p-≈-Xm-°n-Øo¿°pI
lr-Z-b-ß-fn¬ {]Xn-kv^-µ-ap-f-hm°n. hniz-h-iy-amb B h-cn-jvS-Km-\- al-Ømb Cu am‰-Øn-∂m-h-iy-am-b-sX√mw
Øns‚ amkva-c-i‡n Bbn-c-ßsf BI¿jn-®p. kz¥w A¥-cym-an-bpsS Jp¿-B-\n-ep≠v˛
kzc-[m-c-bmbn A\p-hm-N-I\v B Km\w A\p-`-h-s∏´p. AXv Nq≠p∂ hgn-bn-eqsS apt∂-dpI.
hnip-≤J
- p¿-Bs‚ ]cn-`m-jbv°v BapJw Ipdn-°sh, F.sP. B¿_dn AXy-¥-_-‘p-chpw AXy-\-h-Zy-hp-amb Hcp D]m-k-\-bm-WXv ˛ Hcm-
Cßs\ ]cm-a¿in®p: fl-XymKw. ]cw s]mcp-fns‚ AkvXn-Xz-Øn¬ AN-©-e-amb hnizmkw
" , {]Jym-]n-°pI. B alnX ssNX-\y-Øn\p ap∂n¬ Xs‚ kc-fhpw efn-
, ." Xhpw hn\o-X-hp-amb, Poh-kv^p-c-WsØ \ncp-]m-[nIw ka¿∏n-°pI.
B¿tWmƒUv tPmk^v tSmbn≥_n-bpsS hN- p-Iƒ hn{ip-X-ß- A\¥ ssNX-\y-Øn\p ap∂n-ep≈ BflssNX-\y-Øns‚ \ncp-]m-[n-I-
fmWv. amb Iogvh-g-ß-emWv, ka¿∏-W-amWv Ckvemw. kº-Øn\pw ]Z-hn°pw
" A[n-Im-c-Øn\pw ap∂n-e√, kXyhpw k\m-X-\hpw \nXy-hp-amb Cuiz-c-
." Xz-Øn\p ap∂n-emWv ka¿∏Ww. kºØpw ]Z-hnbpw A[n-Im-chpw ]Sp-
(]Sn-™m-d≥ Zn°msI A‘-Im-cØ - n-em-≠p-ap-ßn-bt- ∏mƒ Ing-°ns‚ Øp-b¿Øp∂ i‡n ku[-ß-fpsS ap∂n¬ ASn-]-Wn-bm-\m-h-iy-s∏-Sp∂
\`-ÿ-en-bn¬ Hcp-÷ze XmcIw Db¿∂p-s]mßn. ZpxJm¿Ø-amb temI- t\¿Ø kqN-\-t]mepw B thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn-en√. k¿h-i-‡-\mb ssZh-Øn-
Øn\v AXv {]Im-ihpw Biz-mkhpw \¬In). ep≈ AN-©-e-amb hnizmkw, \n¿`-b-Xz-Øn-te°pw AXp-hgn Bfl-
Ccp-fns‚ Bg-°-S-en¬\n∂v shfn-®-Øns‚ ]hn-g-Zzo-]p-b¿Øm≥, t_m-[-Øn-te°pw A\p-hm-N-Is\ \bn-°p∂p. a\p-jy-Ir-X-amb A\o-
{]mIrX a\p-jy-\n¬\n∂v tZh-{]-Xn-`sb Icp-∏n-Sn-∏n-°m≥, _≤-]-cn-I-c- Xn°pw A[¿Ω-Øn-\p-sa-Xnsc Bfl-hocyw hf¿Øm≥ Jp¿-B\ - nI Z¿i\w
\mbn {]hm-N-I≥ ]cn-{i-an®p. t{]c-W\ - ¬Ip∂p.
DZm-tØm-÷z-e-amb Hcp-h-cnjvS e£yw˛ ""\n›-b-ambpw Xs‚ PohnXw ssZhØn\mbn ka¿∏n-°p-Ibpw
]q¿Æ-a-\p-jys\ cq]-s∏-Sp-ØpI! ]q¿Æ-ambn Ahs‚ CjvS-Øn\v Iogvs∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂h-\mWv,
Pohn-XsØ km¿∞-Ihpw hmMvam-{X-amb hnizmkw sIm≠v Xr]vXn-s∏-SmsX AXns\ k¬°¿a-
kºq¿Æ-hp-am-°n-∏c - n-h¿Øn-∏n-°pI! ß-fn¬ km£m¬°-cn-°p-∂-h-\mWv ap‡≥. Ah∂v Xs‚ c£n-Xm-
AXn\v? hns‚ ]°¬ {]Xn^e-ap≠v, Ah∂v t\mh-\p-`h - n-t°-≠n-hcp∂pan√.''
s]m´n-Ø-I¿∂ hoW-°-ºn-Iƒ 2:112.
sI´n-ap-dp-°Ww B tZh-Km-b-I≥ ˛ dkq¬ ˛ Xs‚ hc-ho-W-bn-ep-b¿Ønb Km\w
B hoW-bn¬ \mZm-arXw ]I-cWw \mam-kz-Zn-°p∂p. AXns‚ Xmf-e-b-߃ \sΩ tcmam-©-a-Wn-bn-°p∂p.
Ahsb tZh-Km-\-Øns‚ B hn-in-jvSm-\p-`qXn \ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øns‚ Np≠p-I-fn¬ kZm A\p-c-
Bem-]-\-am°n am‰Ww W\w sNøp∂p. B tZh-Km-\-Øns‚ s]mcpfpw s]cp-abpw \mw Io¿Øn-
AYhm °p∂p. F∂m¬ AØcw ""hmMvab hnizmkw sIm≠v Xr]vXn-s∏-SmsX
arK-Xpeyw Pohn-®p-t]m∂ P\-Xsb AXns\ k¬°¿a-ß-fn¬ km£m¬°-cn-°-W-''sa∂ sshZn-Im-\p-im-
a\p-jy-k-aq-l-ambn cq]m-¥-c-s∏-Sp-ØWw. k\w \mw ad-°m-Xn-cn-°pI. ""Ah\v am{Xsa ap‡n-bp≈p'' F∂ ]cn-I-
a\p-jys\ kmaq-ly-{]-tbm-P-\-ap≈ ev]\w \Ωn-ep-W¿∂n-cn-°s´!
{]_p≤ ]uc-\mbn ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-°Ww. \ΩpsS Pohn-X-ho-W-bnse X{¥n-I-fmsI XI¿∂n-cn-°p∂p. AXn-
Ahs\ ssZhn-I-X-bpsS Hu∂-Xy-Øn-te°v \m¬ AXn-ep-Wc - p∂ i_vZw hnIr-Xhpw _o`-’h
- p-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p∂p.
Db¿Øn-s°m-≠p-t]m-IWw. {]hm-N-I≥ \ΩpsS ap∂n¬ \nev°p∂p. hc-ho-W- ao-´n-∏m-Sp∂p. \maXv
B D∂-Xhpw DZm-Ø-hp-amb e£y-amWv thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn\v \n¿h-ln- ImWp∂p, tIƒ°p∂p. s]m´n-Ø-I¿∂ \ΩpsS lrZ-b-ho-W-bnse X{¥n-
°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv. arK-{]m-bs\ a\p-jy-\m-°p-hm\pw a\p-jys\ B≤ym- Iƒ XZ-\p-kmcw apdp-°n-s°-´pI. AXn¬ tZh-Km-\-Øn-∂-\p-k-c-W-amb
flnI kap-∂-Xn-bn-te-°p-b¿Øm\pw Jp¿-B≥ Hcp ssIhn-f-°m-bn-h¿Øn- kzc-X-cw-K-ß-fp-b¿ØpI. Jp¿-B-\nI Z¿i\w \ndw sImSpØ, a[pcw
16 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw 17

tN¿Ø Pohn-Xm-\p-`q-Xn-I-fpsS DS-a-I-fmbn \mw cq]m-¥-c-s∏-SpI ˛ ]pgp-

hn¬\n∂v ie`w t]mse.
""\n߃ ]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bp-b¿∂v taevt]m´v t]mbvs°m-t≠-bn-cn°pw''
84:19
A]-cn-jvIr-Xn-bn¬\n∂v \mK-cn-I-X-bn-te°v, A]q¿ÆX-bn¬\n∂v
]q¿Æ-X-bn-te°v, Xa- n¬\n∂v tPymXn- n-te°v.
2
{]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS {]k‡n
{]]-©-in-ev]-ß-sf√mw ˛ a\p-jy≥t]mepw ˛ Cuizc-k-º-ØmWv. {]]-
©-{]-Xn-`m-k-ß-fpsS D≈n¬ \nd™pw ]n∂n¬ Hfn™pw {]h¿Øn-°p∂
GIhpw ]c-a-hp-amb B al-»-‡n-sb-°p-dn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-™-hsc temI-
lr-Zbw AXym-Z-c-]q¿hw kvacn-°p∂p.
{]]© hkvXp-°-fnepw Poh-cm-in-I-fn-em-sI-Ø-s∂bpw \nXy--amb
Hcp Xmfw kq£va t{im{X߃°v tIƒ°m≥ Ign-bp∂p. Cu Xmfw ]ngbv-
°m-tØ-S-tØmfw Imew Pohn-X-Øns‚ kzÿX \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂n√. kzc-
ssh-Ir-Xhpw Ah-Xm-f-hp-amWv {]]-©-Ønse kakvX ZpxJ-߃°pw ]c-
a-Im-c-W-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv.
AΩ-bpsS K¿`-]m-{X-Øn¬\n∂v K¿`-ÿ-bmb inip Hcp -Xmfw ]cn-
N-bn-°p-∂p≠v. Ah-\-hnsS kzÿ\pw kpJn-bp-amWv. Hcp aplq¿Ø-Øn-
e-h≥ `qan-bn-te°p IS∂phcp∂p. {Iao-IrX Xmf-ß-fpsS A¥-co-£-
Øn¬\n∂v A{I-a-amb Xmf-ß-fpsS {]]-©-Øn-te-°mWv Ah≥ Cd-ßp-
∂Xv. Ah≥ ]cn-{`-an®p. Ah≥ s]m´n-°-c™p. s]m´n-°-c™ Ahs\
amtdmSv tN¿Øp-]n-Sn®v ]cn-Nn-X-amb Xmf-{]-]-©-hp-ambn ]p\¿_-‘n-∏n-
°p∂p. Ah≥ Bizmkw sIm≈p-I-bmbn. Ipc-ßp-t]mepw, Akz-ÿ-
\mb Xs‚ Ip´n-°p-c-ßs\ s\©n¬ tN¿Ø-a¿Øn-bmWv Biz-kn-∏n-°p-
∂Xv. Xmf-amWv kzmÿy-Øns‚ ]c-am-h-ew_w. Cu kpkz-c-X-bmWv, Xmf-
e-b-kp-ÿn-Xn-bmWv kpJhpw B\-µ-hp-sa√mw.
t\mhp-Xn-∂p∂ a\p-jym-fl-m°-tfmSv A\p-X-]n-°p-hm≥ \sΩ t{]cn-
∏n-°p∂ hninjvS hnIm-c-amWv kvt\lw. a\p-jym-flm-°-fpsS Cu kl-
`mhw {]mIr-Xn-I-amb Hcp Xmf-{I-a-amWv. F∂m¬ kzm¿∞-]-c-X-bpsS
el-cn-b-Wn-™p-h-cp∂ tem` taml-߃ Cu Xmf{IasØ hnI-e-am-
°p∂p. A\p-£W hnh¿≤-I-amb B elcn a\p-jys\ ]nim-Nm-°p∂p.
Ah-cpsS kaqlw Imf-cm-{Xn-bpsS `oI-c-X-bp-ambn kakvX kZv`m-h-
߃°p-sa-Xnsc Bbp-[-a-Wn-bp∂p. AhnsS, B Xm-f-∏n-g-bn¬ PohnXw
AXy¥ `oI-chpw Zp -l-hp-ambn amdp∂p. Ahn-sS-bmWv {]hm-N-I-∑m-
cpsS {]k‡n. \jvS-s∏´ Xmf-{I-a-ß-fpsS ]p\x-kr-jvSn-bmWv {]hm-N-I-
cpsS ZuXyw. {]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚ Zm¿i-\nI km[p-X-sb-°p-dn®v \ap-s°m-
∂-t\z-jn-°mw:
18 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
{]Xy£w, A\p-am\w, D]-am\w, A¿Ym-hØn, A\p-]-e_v[n ˛ Ch-
b©pw C{µn-b-⁄m-t\m-]-e-_v[-ß-fmWv. Adn-hns‚ A©p- ap-J-ß-fm-W-
h-sb∂v `mc-Xob Z¿i-\-Xew \sΩ-b-dn-bn-°p∂p. Ch-sb√mw C{µn-b-
⁄m-\-ß-fmWv. ⁄mt\-{µn-b-ßfpw I¿ta-{µn-b-ßfpw a\- ns‚ {]Xy-
£-t_m-[hpw kam¿÷n-°p∂ ⁄m\-hn-ti-j-ß-sf√mw Cu Bib
hnkvXr-Xn-bm-epƒt®-cp∂p. Cu taJ-e-I-fn-emWv imkv{X-Im-c≥ hnl-cn-
°p-∂Xv. A\p-`h - ß
- f
- n¬\n∂pw A\p-`h - ß
- sf Ah-ew-_a - m-°n-bp≈ hn`m-
h-\-I-fn¬\n∂pw D¬`n-∂-am-Ip∂ ⁄m\-k-º-Øp-I-sf-bmsI {]Xy-£-
⁄m-\-sa-∂mWv Zm¿i-\n-I-∑m¿ hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂Xv.
Adn-hns‚ A]-c-JWvUw B≤ym-fln-I-⁄m-\-amWv. ⁄mt\-{µn-
b-߃°pw I¿ta-{µn-b-߃°pw A{]m-]y-am-Wm- cwKw. a\- ns‚ t_m[-
X-e-amsI AhnsS hgn-ap´n \nev°p∂p. ⁄mt\-{µn-b-ßfpw I¿ta-{µn-b-
ßfpw a\- ns‚ t_m[-X-ehpw Xm¬]-cy-]q¿hw {ian-®m¬ kam¿÷n-
°m\pw kzmb-Ø-am-°m\pw Ign-bp-∂-XmWv {]m]-©n-I-amb Adn-sh-¶nepw
B≤ym-flnI ⁄m\w kzb-am¿÷n-°m≥ F√m a\- p-Iƒ°pw Hcp-
t]mse Ign-s™-∂p-hc - n√. {]Xy-£⁄
- m-\Ø
- n-∂∏
- p-dØ
- p≈ B A⁄m-
X-ta-J-e-sb-°p-dn®v Adnhv \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\p-th-≠n-bmWv {]hm-N-I-∑msc
\ntbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈Xv. Ckvem-anI ho£-W-a-\p-k-cn®v {]hm-N-I-∑m-cn-eq-sS-
bmWv B≤ym-fln-I-⁄m\w temI-Øn\v ssIh-cp-∂Xv.
hnj-b-hn-eo-\-amb NnØsØ tbmK-km-[-\-bn-eqsS hn\n¿ap-‡-
am°n (tbmK: NnØ-hrØn \ntcm[:) ]c-am-¿∞n-I-⁄m\kam¿÷-\-
Øn\v {]m]vX-am-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v `mc-Xob Z¿i\w {]tLm-jn-°p-∂p≠v.
tbmK-im-kv{X-⁄-\mb ]X-RvP-en-bpsS kn≤m-¥-a-\p-k-cn®v tbmKm-\p-
`q-Xn°v am¿§-ß-fp≠v, AXp-hgn B≤ym-flnI ⁄mt\m-]m-k-\bv°pw.
F∂m¬, Ckvem-anI Z¿i-\-a-\p-k-cn®v B≤ym-fln-I-⁄m\w {]N-cn-∏n-
°m≥ ka¿l-\mb {]hm-N-I-\m-hp-I-sb-∂Xp ssZh-\n-tbm-K-amWv. B{K-
ln-°p-∂-h¿s°√mw ssIh-cp∂ H∂√ {]hm-N-IXzw. ssZhw \ntbm-Kn-
°p-∂-h¿ {]hm-N-I-∑m-cm-bn-am-dp∂p. B≤ym-flnI ⁄m\-Øns‚ ssNX-
\y-kv^p-c-W-amWv shfn-]m-Sp-I-fn-eqsS {]hm-N-Is‚ a\- n-sem-gp-In-sb-
Øp-∂Xv. AXn-\m¬ C{µn-b-P-\y-ß-fmb {]Xy-£-⁄m-\hpw {]hm-N-I-\n-
eqsS Ah-Xo¿W-am-Ip∂ B[ym-flnI ⁄m\hpw ka-\z-bn-°p-tºmƒ
am{Xsa a\p-jy≥ Adn-hns‚ ]q¿Æ-Xsb kam-t«-jn-°p-∂p≈q. AXn-
\m¬ {]hm-N-Is\ A\p-k-‘m\w sNtø-≠Xv Bflo-b-amb Hc-\n-hm-cy-
X-bm-bn-∏-cn-W-an-°p∂p.
""\n›b-ambpw Jp¿-B≥ G‰hpw sNm∆m-b-Xn-te°v am¿KZ¿i\w
\¬Ip∂p 17:9
19
3
{]hm-NI PohnXw
hy‡n-Iƒ hf¿∂v {]ÿm-\-ß-fm-bn-∏cn-W-an-°m-dp≠v. Ah¿ Ime-L-´-
tØbpw Ncn-{X-sØbpw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp∂p. AØ-c-°msc Nq≠n
Fta-gvk¨ Cßs\ ]d™p:
" , ,
. , .
."
{]ÿm-\-h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ alm-hy-‡n-Xz-ß-fmWv kaq-lsØ \bn-
°p-Ibpw \nb-{¥n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ kmc-Yn-Iƒ. kaq-l-]-cn-h¿Ø-\-
Øns‚ \nbm-aI LSIw Bƒ°q-´-a√, {]ÿm-\-h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ hy‡n-
Xz-ß-fmWv. P\-]-¶m-fnØw hep-Xp-Xs∂. ]t£ AXv ]¶m-fn-Ø-amWv;
{]mcw-`-I-Xz-a√. {]mcw-`-IXzw henb hy‡n-Xz-ßfpw alm-a-\- p-Ifpw
\n¿h-ln-°p∂p. cmjv{Sob Zm¿i-\n-I-∑m¿ ]dbpw, P\-]-¶m-fnØw {]Xy-
£-am-bn-Øs∂ {]I-S-am-Ip∂ `c-W-hn-[m-\-amWv bYm¿∞ P\m-[n-]-Xy-
sa∂v. F∂m¬ AXn-∂-∏p-d-amWv kXyw InS-°p-∂Xv. alm-hy-‡n-I-fpsS
k∂n-[n-bn-emWv \ma-t∏mƒ sNs∂-ØpI.
{]Nm-eI i‡n-I-fmbn h¿Øn-°p∂ alm-a-\- p-Isf c≠mbn hn`-
Pn°mw. H∂v tIhew hy‡n-a-\- p-IƒXs∂. {io_p-≤≥ B kap-∂-X-
hn-`m-K-Øn¬s]-Sp∂p. Ah¿ Xß-fpsS hnkva-b-I-c-amb Zm¿i-\nI {]Xn-
`-sIm≠v kaq-l-sØ-bmsI am‰n-a-dn-°m≥ ]cn-{i-an®p. Bflob hnNm-c-
{]NmcW-amWv AXn-∂mbn Ah-c-h-ew-_n® am¿§w. c≠v, Nne¿ Xß-fpsS
hy‡n-{]-`mhw sIm≠p-Xs∂ {]mcw-`-I-Xz-sa-Sp-°p∂p. _p≤n-Po-hn-Ifpw
{]mtbm-Kn-I-a-Xn-Ifpw {]_p-≤-hn-`m-K-am-sIbpw Ah-tcm-sSm∏w tNcp∂p.
{Ia-Øn¬ AsXmcp {]ÿm-\-ambn amdpw. {]_p-≤-P-\-]-Z-ß-fpsS ]¶m-fn-
Ø-tØmsS kmaq-ly-am-‰-Øn\v Ah¿ ]cn-{i-an-°p∂p.
Cu c≠v hn`m-K-Øn¬\n∂pw apl-ΩZv \_n thdn´v \nev°p∂p. Xm≥
hgn-Im-´nbpw ktµ-i-hm-l-I\pw am{X-am-sW-∂-dn-bn-°p∂p. Ct∂m-f-ap≈
{]hm-N-I-a-\- p-Isf ka-\z-bn-°p-I-am-{X-amWv Xms\∂pw Xt‚-Xmbn X\n-
s°m∂pw kΩm-\n-°m-\n-s√∂pw apl-ΩZv \_n Adn-bn-°p∂p. hn\-bm-\z-
nX-\mb apl-ΩZv Xs‚ hm°p-Iƒ P\w tIƒ°ptam A\p-k-cn-°ptam
F∂v t]mepw Bi-¶n-°p-∂p≠v. A√mlp Bh¿Øn-®-dn-bn-°p∂p:
20 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
""\o ktµ-i-sa-Øn-°p-∂-h¿ am{Xw. AXp- a-d-°-cpXv. a\p-jy-cn¬
`b-ap-W¿ØpI. \√-X-dn-bn-°pI. hgn-Im-Wn-°pI. ]ptcm-K-Xn-bp-
sSbpw A]-N-b-Øn-s‚bpw Imc-W-°m-c≥ Xm\√, Xm≥ ktµ-i-
I≥ am{Xw.''
{]hm-NI temI-Øn¬ ChnsS tI´ kzcw A]-cn-N-nX-amWv. hnkva-
b-I-c-amb Zm¿i-\n-I {]Xn-`-bpsS {]tLm-j-W-a√ \mw tI´Xv. kI-e-
⁄\pw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\p-amb ssZh-Øns‚ a\- -dn-bn-°m≥ cwK-Øp-
h∂ Hcp hn\oX hnizm-kn-bpsS \nth-Z-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.
apl-ΩZv A`ykvX hnZy-\-s√∂p am{X-a√ A£-c-⁄≥t]m-ep-am-
bn-cp-∂n√. ⁄m\-hn-⁄m-\-X-e-ß-fn¬ {]i-kvX-cmb {]Xn-`-I-fp-ambn
kw_‘w ]pe¿Øn-t∏m∂ A\p-`-h-ßfpw At±-l-Øn-\n√. \c-hw-i-im-
kv{Xhpw Ncn-{Xhpw aX-Z¿i-\-ßfpw apl-Ω-Zn\v A⁄m-X-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p.
Hm¿°m≥ Ign-bp∂ Imew-sXm´v Zpcn-Xhpw ZpxJhpw \nd™, kzÿX
Ipd™ Pohn-X-am-bn-cp∂p apl-Ω-Zn-t‚Xv. {]mb-]q¿Øn-bm-b-t∏mƒ CS-
bvs°√mw kmaq-ly-Im-cy-ß-fn¬ {i≤n-®p-sh-¶nepw Z¿i-\hpw kmln-
Xyhpw Ncn-{Xhpw [¿a-im-kv{X-ß-fp-sam∂pw Bh-iy-an-√mØ I®-h-S-°m-
cy-Øn¬ apgp-In-°-gn™ apl-ΩZv AØcw hnj-b-ß-fn¬ ]q¿W \nc-£-
c-\m-bn-cp∂p.
{]hm-N-I-Xz-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv Ah-niz-k-\o-b-amb am‰w apl-Ω-Zn¬
A`n-Z¿in-°-s∏-´Xv.
Akm-[m-c-W-amb hnth-Ihpw
Ak-Zr-i-amb ]Iz-Xbpw At±lw {]I-Sn-∏n®p.
]cn-WX {]⁄\mb Hcm-Nm-cy-s\-t∏mse
Adn-bm-\n-cn-°p-∂-h-cpsS ap∂n¬
At±lw hncm-Pn®p.
A\p-`-h-k-ºØpw B⁄m-i-‡n-bp-ap≈
Hcp t\Xm-hn-s\-t∏mse
At±lw hgn-\-bn®p.
Cl˛]c-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ sXfn™ Ah-t_m[w
At±-l-Øn¬ {]`m-kn®p.
Hcp \oXn-]-Xn-sb-t∏mse kXy-Øn-s‚bpw
[¿a-Øn-s‚bpw thZn-bn¬ At±lw Dd®p\n∂p.
Hcp IpSpw-_-\m-Y-s\-t∏mse
kvt\lhpw kua-\-kyhpw
tImcn-s®m-cn-bm≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign™p.
Hcp hnπ-h-Im-cn-bpsS hotdmsS
At±lw hn`m-hnX e£y-ß-fn-tebv°v
B™p \S∂p.
⁄m\-hn-⁄m-\-ß-fn¬ B[n-Im-cn-IX
t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw
BZ¿im-\p-kmcw A\p-jvTm-\-ß-f-\p-h¿Øn-°m\pw
At±lw Icp-Øp-Im´n.
{]hm-NI PohnXw 21
ka-{K-X-bm¿∂ apl-Ω-Zns‚ almhy-‡nXzw a\p-jy-a-\- p-I-fn¬
hnkvabw hncn-bn®p. bYm¿∞-Øn¬ iq\y-X-bn-emWv Ah¿°v kar-≤n-b-
\p-`-h-s∏-´Xv. Duj-c-`q-an-Ibn-emWv hk-¥-hmSn Z¿in-®Xv. CsX-ßs\
km[n®p? a\p-jy-_p-≤n°pw bp‡n-Nn-¥bv°pw A∏p-dØv IXn-cn´v
\nev°p∂ Hcp hnkva-b-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. XnI®pw Hcp hniz-hn-kvabw!
Xms\mcp a\p-jy≥ am{X-am-sW∂pw am\p-jn-I-Xbpw Znhy-Xzhpw
X∂n-em-tcm-]n-°-cp-sX∂pw {]hm-N-I≥ ]e-hpcp Hm¿an-∏n-®n-´p≠v. Hcp
km[m-cW-]u-c≥ F∂ \nebv°v {]hm-N-Is‚ \b-k-ao-]-\-ß-fn¬ t]mcm-
bva-I-f-\p-`-h-s∏-´-Xm-bn-°≠ kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ shfn-]m-Sp-I-fn-eqsS Ahsb
Nq≠n-°m-´n-Ø-ncp-Øn-b-Xmbn Jp¿-B-\n¬ sXfn-hp-I-fp≠v. {]hm-N-I≥
Hcp km[m-cW a\p-jy-\m-sW∂pw Hcp a\p-jys‚ Ipd-hp-Ifpw A]q¿Æ-
X-Ifpw {]hm-N-I-\nepw A`n-Z¿in-°m-sa∂pw ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ {]hm-N-
I≥ t]mepw hn\o-X\pw B⁄m-\p-h¿Øn-bp-am-sW∂pw {]Im-c-¥-tcW
t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bmWv. Hcp kµ¿`-a-h-X-cn-∏n-°s´:
Hcn-°¬ {]hm-N-I≥ _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-bmb A_q-P-lv-ep-ambn
kwkm-cn-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p. Ckvem-ans\ `’n-°p-∂X
- n¬ kmbqPyw sIm≈p-
∂-h-\m-bn-cp∂p A_q-P-lv¬. At∂cw kXy-hn-izm-kn-bmb A_vZp-≈m-
ln_v\p DΩn-aIvXqw F∂ A‘≥ AhnsS Ib-dn-h∂p. kmXzn-I\pw
kZvhr-Ø-\p-am-bn-cp∂p At±lw. kXy-thZw kw_-‘n®v Iptd-°qSn
sXfn®w In´m-\p≈ Zml-hp-ambn Xs∂ kao-]n-°m-dp≈ B A‘-t\mSv
F¥p-sImt≠m X¬°mew {]hm-N-I\v \oc-k-amWv tXm∂n-bXv. {]hm-N-
I-a-\- n-eqsS s]s´∂v ]m™p-t]mb Nn¥-I-fn-Xm-bn-cp∂p:
"Xm≥ Ahn-izm-kn-bmb A_q-P-lvep-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-I-bmWv.
At±-l-Øns‚ hmZ-ap-J-߃°v i‡hpw ka¿∞-hp-amb adp-]Sn ]d-™n-
s√-¶n¬ AXv kXy-th-ZØ - ns‚ Zu¿∫-ey-ambn hymJym-\n-°s
- ∏Spw. kwhm-
Z-th-f-bn¬ A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p DΩn-aIvXqan-t\mSv D]-Nmcw ]d-bp-∂-Xp-
t]mepw Bib hnNn-¥-\-Øns‚ GIm-{K-Xbv°v `wK-ap-≠m°pw.
ka¿∞hpw bp‡n-`-{Z-hp-amb adp-]-Sn-bn-eqsS A_q-P-lv-ens\ Xr]vXn-s∏-
SpØn At±-lsØ Xs‚ hgn°v sIm≠p-h-cm≥ Ign-™m¬ AXv Ckvem-
an\v hen-sbmcp t\´-am-bn-cn°pw. C_v\p DΩn-a‡qw Ct∏mƒ Xs∂ Hcp
kXy-hn-iz-mkn-bmWv. IqSp-X¬ ]Tn-°m\pw Adn-bm\pw, Abmƒ°n-hnsS
Ft∏mgpw hcmw. C{X -[r-Xn- Im-t´-≠-Xn√.'
F∂m¬ Cu Nn¥-bpw \nK-a-\hpw sX‰m-sW∂v A√m-lp -I≠p.
DS≥Xs∂ B sX‰v Xncp-Øm≥ t]mcp∂ shfn-]m-Sp-≠mbn:
""At±-l-Øns‚ (\_nbpsS)bSpØv B A‘≥ h∂-Xn-\m¬
At±lw apJw Npfn®v Xncn®pIf™p. (\_ntb) \n\°v F¥-
dnbmw? Abmƒ (A‘≥) Hcp thf hnip≤n -{]m-]n-t®°m-at√m.
As√-¶n¬ D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw
sNbvtX-°m-at√m. kzbw t]m∂-h-\mbn Na-bp-∂-h-\mtcm Ahs\
Xm¶ƒ {i≤n-°p∂p. F∂m¬ Ah≥ \∂m-bn-s√-¶n¬ Xm¶ƒs°¥v?
Xm¶-fp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ HmSn-sb-Øp-Ibpw (A√m-lp-hns\) `b-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw sNøp-∂-ht\m Ah-t\mSv Xm¶ƒ sshapJyw ImWn-°p∂p.''
22 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
80: 1˛10
as‰mcp kµ¿`w IqSn˛
lnPvd HºXmw h¿jw. X_q°v bp≤ kµ¿`w. aZo-\-bn¬ £maw
sImSp-ºn-cn-s°m≠ Imew. apkvenw-Iƒ Zp¿h-l-amb Zpcn-X-ß-fn-eqsS IS-
∂p-t]m-Ip∂ B t\cØv Ah¿s°-Xnsc B{I-aWw Bcw-`n-®m¬ A\m-
bmkw Ahsc \new-]-Xn-∏n-°m-sa∂v tdma°m¿ Xocp-am-\n®p. kXy-hn-izm-
kn-Iƒs°-Xnsc bp≤w sNøm≥ Ah¿ K m≥ cmPm-hns\ \ntbm-Kn®p;
\mem-bncw tdma-°m-sc-bp-a-b®p. bp≤-Øns‚ `oI-c-X-sb-°p-dn®v a\- n-
em°n apl-ΩZv \_n AXn{ZpXw Bh-iy-amb Xøm-sd-Sp∏v \S-Øn-Øp-
Sßn. sImSpw-NqSpw hdp-Xnbpw Zp -l-ambncp∂p. ]ecpw aSn-®p-\n-∂p.
[\kw`c-Whpw {]bm-k-am-bn. F∂m¬ klm-_n-Iƒ kI-eXpw am‰n-
sh®v Bfl-k-a¿∏-W-hy-{K-X-tbmsS bp≤-Øn-\n-dßn. Cu kabw I]-S-hn-
izm-kn-Iƒ (ap\m-^n-Jp-Iƒ) Bfp-Isf ]n≥Xn-cn-∏n-°m≥ {iaw \S-Øp-I-
bm-bn-cp∂p. \_n-tbbpw klNm-cn-I-sfbpw Ah¿ ]c-ky-am-bn-Øs∂
]cn-l-kn-°p-Ibpw `’n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
bp≤w Ign™v \_nbpw, kwLhpw aS-ßn--b-t∏mƒ I]-S-hn-izm-kn-
Iƒ \_nsb kµ¿in®v "apJw an\p-°m≥' XpSßn. Aku-I-cy-hpw Ign-
hp-tISpw sIm≠mWv bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m-\m-hmsX t]mb-sX∂v Ah¿
\_nsb Adn-bn®p. B hm-°p-Iƒ tI´v hniz-kn® \_n Ah-tcmSv
s]mdpØp. F∂m¬ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°m≥ Ign-bmsXt]mb Nne kXy-
hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv (IA-v_v C_v\p amenIv, lnem¬ C_v\p Da-øØv, apdm-
dØv C_v\p¿d-_o-Av XpS-ßn-b-h¿) kemw sNøp-Itbm kwkm-cn-°p-
Itbm sNø-cp-sX∂v apl-ΩZv \_n A\p-N-c-∑msc hne°n. Ah-cpsS `mcy-
am¿ Ah-cn¬\n∂v hn´p\n-ev°-W-sa-∂p-t]mepw {]hm-N-I≥ I¿i-\-ambn
\n¿t±-in®p. AºXv Znh-ksØ \n -l-I-c-W-Øn\v tij-amWv Ah¿°v
am∏v e`n- ® Xv . I]- S - h n- i zm- k n- I ƒ°v am∏p- s Im- S p- Ø - X ns\ ]cm-
a¿in®psIm≠p≈ shfn-]mSv {it≤-b-amWv:
""(\_ntb) t\´w £n{]-km-≤yhpw bm{X A\m-bm-k-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p-
sh-¶n¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿ Xm¶-fpsS ]ntº -h-cm≥ k∂-≤-cm-Ip-am-bn-
cp∂p. ]t£, Ah¿°v Cu hgn Zqcw hfsc Zp -l-am-bn-cn-°p∂p. Ah¿
A√m-lp-hn-s\-∏n-Sn®v BW-bn´p sIm≠v ]dbpw˛ R߃°v km≤y-am-bn-
cp-s∂-¶n¬ \n›-b-ambpw \nß-tfm-sSm∏w ]pd-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p. Ah¿ Ah-
sc-Øs∂ B]-Øn-se-dn-™p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Ah¿ I≈w ]d-bp-∂-
h¿Xs∂-bm-sW∂v A√mlp \√-h-Æ-a-dn-bp-∂p≠v.
{]hm-N-Itc, A√mlp Xm¶ƒ°v am∏v sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. kXyw ]d-
™-h¿ Bsc∂v \n\°v hy‡-ambn t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Ibpw I≈w ]d-bp-∂-
hsc \o Xncn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-hsc \o F¥n-\m-W-h¿°v A\p-
hmZw \¬In-bXv?'' 9:40˛45. kXy-hn-iz-mk-ß-tfmSpw [¿a-Zo-£-tbm-Sp-ap≈
Jp¿-Bs‚ \nc-¶p-i-amb kao-]-\-amWv Ah sXfn®pIm´p-∂Xv.
Jp¿-B≥ hymJym-\n-°m\pw hni-Zo-I-cn-°m\pw AtX-°p-dn®v B[n-
Im-cn-I-ambn kwkm-cn-°m\pw ssZhw \_n-sb-Ø-s∂-bmWv Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bXv. AX-\p-k-cn®v
{]hm-NI PohnXw 23
apl-ΩZv \_n hni-Zo-I-cWw \¬In
hymJym-\n®p.
temI-Zr-jvSm-¥-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬
km[pX t_m≤y-s∏-SpØn.
Nne-t∏mƒ {]hr-Øn-ap-tJ\
[mc-Wh - f
- ¿Øn
Nne-t∏mƒ c≠p-\n-e-bnepw km[n®p
Ah-km\ \mfp-I-fn¬ l÷v I¿Ωw
]q¿Øn-bm-°n-°m-Wn-®Xpw
t\cmw-hÆw P\-ß-f-\p-h¿Øn-°m-\mWv.
P\-]-Z-ß-fn¬ Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-ß-fpsS kmcmw-i-apƒs°m-≈p∂
kzc-N-e-\-߃ {i≤-bn¬s∏-´m¬ AXv \nd™ a\-t msS \_n AwKo-
I-cn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ hgn \bn-°p∂ kXvI¿Ω-߃
FhnsS I≠mepw AXv Nq≠n «mLn-°m\pw AX-\p-k-cn-°m≥ A\p-N-
c-∑m-tcm-Sm-h-iy-s∏-Sm\pw {]hm-N-I≥ {i≤n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p.
{]hm-N-Is‚ hm°p-Ifpw {]hr-Øn-Ifpw At±-l-Øns‚ {]iw-
kbv°pw AwKo-Im-c-Øn\pw hnt[-b-amb ]cm-\p-`-h-ßfpw tN¿∂-XmWv
kp∂Øv. {]h¿Ø-\-coXn, I¿Ω amXrI, Pohn-X-{Iaw Fs∂m-s°-bmWv
kp∂-Øn\v \¬I-s∏´ A¿∞m-¥-c-߃. apl-ΩZv \_n-bpsS Ncy F∂
A¿∞-Øn-emWv Cu ]Zw kmam-\y-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. At±-l-
Øns‚ hm°pw {]hr-Ønbpw au\m-\p-hmZw t]mepw CXns‚ A¿∞
hnkvXr-Xn-bn¬s∏Spw. kp∂bpw lZokpw `mjm¿∞-Øn¬ hyXy-kvX-
ßfm-sW-¶nepw ^e-Ønepw ]cn-K-W-\-bnepw H∂mWv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv
Nne lZokv tiJ-c-߃ kp\≥ ( kp∂-bpsS _lp-h-N\w) F∂ t]cn-
e-dn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ß-sf-t∏mse \_n-N-cybpw Ckvem-anI hyh-ÿ-
bn¬ kap¬Ir-jvS-amWv. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ {]hm-N-I≥ F¥v sNbvtXm
AXv Ckvem-an\v ZrjvSm-¥hpw \nZm-\-hp-amWv. Jp¿-B\pw kp∂Øpw
Xpey B[n-Im-cn-I-X-bp-≈-XmWv F∂ \nK-a-\-Øn-tebv°v CXv hgn-\-bn-
°p∂p. AXp-hgn A√m-lp-hns‚ lnX-amWv {]hm-N-Is‚ Ncy F∂
t_m≤y-Øn-tebv°v \msa-Øn-t®-cp∂p.
kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ Ah-ew-_-ine Jp¿-B≥ BsW-¶n¬ ASpØ ]S-
hn¬ \n¬°p-∂Xv lZo-kmWv. {]hm-NI hN- p-Ifpw I¿Ω amXr-I-I-fp-
amWv lZokv F∂ ]Zw Bh-ln-°p-∂Xv. kp∂-Øns‚ ]Zm-¥cw Xs∂-
bmWv lZokv. tIƒhn-bn-eq-sStbm shfn-]m-Sn-eq-sStbm hn\n-abw sNø-
s∏-Sp∂ hN-\-amWv lZokv, kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn {]hm-N-Is‚ hrØn-Iƒ, \S-
]-Sn-{I-a-߃, samgn-Iƒ F∂n-h-bmWv lZokv. Iptd-°qSn sXfn®p ]d-
™m¬ {]hm-N-Is‚ I¿a-ß-fp-sSbpw hN-\-ß-fp-sSbpw At±-l-Øns‚
km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°p-Ibpw At±-l-Øns‚ AwKo-Imcw e`n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvX a‰v Imcy-ß-fp-sSbpw kam-lm-c-amWv lZokv.
lZo-kns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ anI-hm¿∂ Bi-
b-Xew {]Im-in-X-am-Ip-∂Xv. {]hm-N-Is‚ hN-\-ß-f-\p-k-cn-°m\pw Ncy-I-
24 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
f-\p-I-cn-°m\pw Jp¿-B≥ \nc-h[n kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ D¬t_m-[n-∏n-®n-´p≠v.
""]d-bpI, \n߃ A√m-lp-hns\ kvt\ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Fs∂
]n≥Xp-S-cpI. F¶n¬ A√mlp \nß-sfbpw kvt\ln°pw'' 3:30
""\n߃°v ssZh-Zq-X-\n¬ AXyp-∂-X-amb amXr-I-bp≠v'' 33:21
Jp¿-B-\nse KqVm¿∞-hm-Nn-I-fmb {]tbm-K-߃°pw Ahy-‡-
amb BJym-\-߃°pw AXy¥w kw£n-]v-X-amb kqN-\-Iƒ°pw sshi-
Zy-a-cp-fm≥ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp∂ lZo-kp-Iƒ {]Im-cm-¥-tcW Jp¿-
Bs‚ hymJym-\-ß-fmWv. Jp¿-B-\nse Hcp kq‡w XZvhnj-b-I-ambn
D≤-cm-Wm¿l-am-bn-tØm-∂p∂p.
""Xß-fpsS ]°-ep≈ Xudm-Ønepw C©o-enepw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-°m-
Wp∂ \nc-£-c-\mb {]hm-N-I-Zq-Xs\ ]n¥p-S-cp-∂-h-cmtcm (Ah-cm-Ip∂p
C∂v Cu A\p-{K-l-Øn\v A¿l-cm-bn-´p-≈-h¿). At±lw Ah¿°v \∑
hn[n-°p∂p, Xn∑ hne-°p∂p. Ah¿°mbn ip≤-h-kvXp-°ƒ A\p-h-Zn-®p-
sIm-Sp-°p∂p. Aip-≤-h-kvXp-°sf \ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. Ahsc
sRcn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ `mc-߃ Cd-°n-sh-bv°p∂p. Ahsc hcn™papdp-
°n-bn-cp∂ Nß-e-Iƒ s]m´n-s®-dn-bp∂p. AXn-\m¬ At±-l-Øn¬ hniz-
kn-°p-Ibpw At±-lsØ _e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw klm-bn-°p-Ibpw At±-l-
tØm-sSm∏w Ah-Xo¿Æ-amb {]Im-isØ ]n¥p-S-cp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-
cmtcm Ah¿ am{X-am-Ip∂p hnPbw {]m]n-°p-∂-h¿'' 7:157
Jpssd-jn-am-cp-sSbpw PqX {]am-Wn-am-cp-sSbpw ISpØ h©-\bpw
Zp¿h-l-amb ]oU-\hpw kln® ]cn-h¿Ø\ hmZn-bmb {]hm-N-Is\
Jpssd-jn-Iƒ aX-{`m¥s‚ thj-a-Wn-bn-®mWv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv. Ncn-
{X-]-c-amb Imc-W-ß-fm¬ kXy-aX {]t_m-[-\-tØm-sSm∏w Bbp-[-ta¥n
]S-sh-´m\pw cmPy-X-{¥-⁄-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ cmjv{Sw sI´n-∏-Sp-°m\pw
kml-kn-IX ImWn® {]hm-N-I≥ A\y-a-X-ß-tfmSpw hnizm-k-ß-tfmSpw
kln-jvWpX ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v sXfn-bn-°p∂ At\-I-h-N-\-߃
Jp¿-B-\nepw lZo-kp-I-fn-ep-ap≠v. At±-lsØ hf-sc-tbsd t{Zmln-®
blq-Z-tcm-Sp-t]mepw kl-h¿Øn-Xz-Øn\pw kulr-Z-Øn\pw {ian® {]hm-
N-I≥ H∏-psh® DS-º-Sn-Iƒ Ckvem-anI Ncn-{X-Ønse Xnf-ßp∂ tcJ-I-
fmWv. Xo¿®-bmbpw A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v X\n°p e`n® Acp-f-∏m-Sp-Ifpw
shfn-]m-Sp-Ifpw {]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ \_n AXy-≤zm\w sNbvXp. F∂m¬ _e-
{]-tbmKw aX ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øn\v D]-tbm-Kn-®p-Iq-sS∂ Jp¿-B≥ hN-\-
߃ {]kn-≤-ß-fmWv. A‘-X-bnepw \nc-¥-chpw \nc¿∞-I-hp-amb bp≤-
Ønepw Imew t]m°p-Ibpw IpSpw-_-_‘w, ssewKn-IX, [\m¿-P\w
F∂n-h-bn-se√mw A[m¿an-IX apJ-ap-{Z-bm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-t]m∂ Ad-
_n-Isf temIw I≠n-´p-≈-Xn¬ sh®v G‰hpw al-\o-b-amb kwkvIr-
Xnbpw \mK-cn-I-X-bp-ap≈ Hcp cmjv{S-ambn hf¿Ønb sFXn-lm-knI
{]Xn-`m-k-amWv \_n. Aß-s\-bp≈ ]e hy‡n-I-sfbpw A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ
ssZhtam ssZhm-h-Xm-ctam B°n-b-t∏mƒ a\p-tjy-X-c-amb Hcp Znhy-]-cn-
thjw Bcpw {]hm-N-Is\ hmcn-b-Wn-bn-®n√. AXns‚ Imc-W-°m-c≥
At±lwXs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p. Xs‚ {]Xn-atbm Nn{Xtam cNn-°-cp-sX∂pw
Xm≥ ssZh-h-N-\-ß-fpsS {]tLm-j-I≥ am{X-am-sW∂pw At±lw
{]hm-NI PohnXw 25
Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn®v A\p-bm-bn-Isf [cn-∏n®p. Xm≥ hnizm-kn-I-fp-
sSbpw ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw CS-bn-ep≈ a≤y-h¿Øn-bp-a-s√∂pw ]ptcm-ln-X¿
F∂v ]d-bs - ∏-Sp∂ a≤y-h¿Øn-h¿§w Ckvem-an\v A\y-am-sW∂pw hnizmkn
A√m-lp-hns\ t\cn´v kao-]n-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw {]tLm-jn® as‰mcp aX-
ÿm-]-I-\n√. ]c-kv]cw ISn-®p-Io-dp∂ A‘-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw a{¥-hm-Zn-I-
fp-amb £p{Z-tKm-{X-ß-fn¬\n∂v hn⁄m-\-Øn-s‚bpw hniz-\m-K-cn-I-X-bp-
sSbpw tIZm-c-ambn h¿Øn® Hcp alm km{am-PysØ hm¿sØ-SpØ {]hm-
N-I≥ Ak-Zr-iy-\mb Hcp alm-hn-π-h-Im-cn-bmWv.
""Xo¿®-bmbpw \n߃°v A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX-\n¬ DØ-a-amb amXr-
I-bp≠v. AXm-bXv A√m-lp-shbpw A¥y-Zn-\-sØbpw {]Xo-£n-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw A√m-lpsh [mc-mf-ambn Hm¿an-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-h-cp-∂-
h¿°v '' 33:21
ssZh-Øn\v apl-Ω-Zn¬ ]cn-]q¿Æ t_m≤y-amWv ˛ \nd™ hy‡n-
ssh-in-jvSy-Øns‚ {]Xo-Ia - m-bn-cp∂p At±lw. A√mlp Cßs\ ]d™p:
""\n›bw Xm¶ƒ al-Ømb kz`m-h-Øn-emWv''. 68:4
kmaq-ly-cw-KØv Gsd {it≤-b-cmb hy‡n-Isf kq£va-ambn \nco-
£n-®m¬ Ah-cn¬ `n∂-ßfpw Nne-t∏mƒ hncp-≤-ß-fp-amb PohnX {]Ir-
X-߃ \ap-°-`n-Z¿in-°m≥ Ignbpw. ho´nepw shfn-bnepw {]I-S-am-°p∂
Zznap-J-amb hy‡nXzw Pohn-X-Øns‚ BZy-Im-e-ß-fnepw {]i-kvXn-bpsS
]cn-thjw h∂p- hgn™p\n∂ ]n¬°m-eØpw {]Ir-X-Ønepw kz`m-h-
Ønepw {]I-S-amb hyXy-kvX-X-Iƒ t_m≤y-s∏´p F∂p-hcmw. F∂m¬
{]hm-NI≥ Chn-sS-sbm-c-]-hm-Z-amWv. ]q¿hm-]-c-hn-cp-≤-a-√mØ Pohn-X-
{]Ir-X-amWv {]hm-N-I-t‚-Xv. At±lw AIØpw ]pdØpw Htc {]-Ir-
Xhpw Htc -kz-chpw kq£n®p. kI-e-cmepw {]nbwsIm≠-h-\m-bn-cp∂p
apl-ΩZv. {]hm-N-I-Xz-e-_v[n°v aptºXs∂ Ah-{Ihpw AXn-hn-ip-≤-hp-
amb PohnX {]IrXw sIm≠v At±lw P\-a-\- p-Isf hio-I-cn-®n-cp∂p.
_p≤n-bp-d-®-\mƒ sXm´v ]Iz-X-bm¿∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ PohnXw.
Bcnepw FSp-Øp-Nm-´a - p-W¿Øm-dp≈ bph-Xz-Øn-eq∂n \nevIp∂ ImeØpw
apl-ΩZv Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-amw hn[w ]Iz-a-Xn-bm-bn-cp∂p. lPvdp¬ AkvhZv
s]m°n-sh-°m≥ ssZh-KXym ssIh∂ ku`m-Ky-\n-an-j-Øn¬ P\-k-
mam\yw Hcp-t]mse kwXr-]vXn-sIm-≠Xv apl-Ω-Zn-ep≈ k¿h P\-t_m-
≤y-Øns‚ \nZ¿i-\-am-bn-cp∂p.
kXy-th-ZsØ \ncm-I-cn-°m\pw X≈n-∏-d-bm\pw Xøm-dmb Jpssd-in-
I-fpsS a\- n¬t∏mepw apl-Ω-Zn-s\-°p-dn®v aXn-∏mbn-cp∂p.
""R߃ \ns∂ Ahn-iz-kn-°p-∂n√. \o sIm≠p-h-∂-Xn-s\-bm-W-
hn-iz-kn-°p-∂Xv'' F∂v A[¿anbpw ]cp-j-{]-Ir-Xn-bp-amb A_q-P-lv¬
Hcn-°¬ {]hm-N-I-t\mSv ]d-™-Xmbn lZo-kp≠v. (Aen D≤-cn-®Xv) AXv
hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv Jp¿-Bs‚ _≤-hn-tcm-[n-I-fpsS a\- n¬ t]mepw apl-
Ω-Zn-s\-°p-dn®p Id-I-f™ [mc-W-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv. Ab¬cm-Py-ß-
fnse `c-Wm-[n-]-∑msc Ckvem-an-tebv°v £Wn-®p-sIm≠v {]hm-N-I≥ Xc-
Ip-If - b- ® Hcp kµ¿`-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Iq´-Øn-sem-cm-fmb tdma-mN-{I-h¿Øn-
bmb lncm-¢n-bkv kXy-th-Z-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-X-e-dn-bm≥ Xm¬]cyw
26 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
ImWn®p. Jpssdin {]ap-J-\mb A_q-kp-^vbm-s\-bmWv lncm-¢n-bkv
BZy-ambn Is≠-Øn-bXv. At±lw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xnsb \J-in-
Jm¥w FXn¿Øp-t]m∂ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p. F∂n´pw apl-Ω-Zn-s\-°p-dn®v
lncm-¢n-b- n-t\mSv tami-amb Fs¥-¶nepw ]d-bm≥ At±lw Xøm-dm-bn-
√. ]pXp-hn-izm-k-Øn-s\-Xnsc hntbm-Pn∏v kq£n-°p-∂-h¿°p t]mepw
apl-Ω-Zns‚ hy‡n-Po-hn-X-sØ-°p-dn®v A{]n-b-I-c-amb H∂pw kqNn-∏n-
°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√ F∂Xv \n m-c-amb Imcy-a√.
a°m-hn-Pb thf-bn¬ {]hm-N-Is‚ `mK-Øp-\n-∂p≈ {]Xn-I-cWw
F¥m-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v Bi-¶n®p \nev°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂ Jpssd-in-It- fmSv Xm≥
F¥p-sN-øm≥ t]mIp-∂p-sh-∂mWv \n߃ Icp-Xp-∂Xv F∂v tNmZn-®-
t∏mƒ Ah¿ GI-kz-c-Øn¬ ]d-™Xv:
""Xm¶ƒ am\y-\mWv, am\y-X-am{Xw {]Xo-£n-°p∂p'' F∂mWv.
hnS-hm-߬ {]kw-K-k-µ¿`-Øn¬, Ad^m ae-ap-I-fn¬ kw_-‘n®
]c-k-l-{k-ß-tfmSv Xs‚ Pohn-XsØ kw_-‘n®p ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬
\n߃s°¥p ka¿∏n-°m-\p-s≠∂v tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ, Aßv Pohn-X-ZuXyw
]q¿Æ-ambn \n¿h-ln®p F∂v Xß-f-dn-bn-°p-sa-∂mWv ]d-™Xv. ssZhm-
h-Xm-ctam amem-Jtbm a‰-km-[m-c-W-Xz-ap≈ {]tXyI ]nd-hntbm H∂p-a-
√mØ tIh-e-samcp ]®-a-\p-jy≥ Xs‚ IpSpw-_-Ønepw kaq-l-Ønepw
{]I-Sn-∏n® ]hn-{X-amb PohnX {]IrXw AXy¥w {it≤-b-am-bn-cp∂p.
""{]Jym-]n-°pI, Rm≥ \nß-sf-t∏m-ep≈ Hcp a\p-jy≥ am{X-amWv'' F∂
Jp¿-B≥ hN-\w-sIm≠v km[n-°p-∂Xv tIh-e-samcp a\p-jy-\mb apl-Ω-
Zns‚ \m°n-eqsS hcp∂ hN- p-Iƒ B¿°pw A`n-K-ayhpw A\p-I-c-Wo-
b-hpam-sW-∂mWv. Znhy-Xz-a-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ Hc-km-[m-c-W-\m-bn-cp∂p apl-
Ω-sZ-¶n¬ At±lw \o´n-°m-´nb hgn-bn-eqsS k©-cn-°m≥ km[m-cW
a\p-jy¿°v Bfl-mth-i-ap-≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂n√.
Hcp \√ a\p-jys‚ lrZ-b-Øn\v a\- n-t\-°mƒ AKm-[-Xbpw hnim-
e-X-bp-ap-≠mIpw. t\mh-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h-tcmSv kl-X-]n-°m\pw ASn-a-I-tfmSv
B¿{Z-X-Im-´m\pw Ip´n-I-tfmSv Aenhv {]I-Sn-∏n-°m\pw an≠m-{]m-Wn-I-
tfmSv Zb-Im-Wn-°m\pw Ai-cW - t- cmSpw \n -lm-bt- cmSpw A\p-X] - n-°m\pw
Ign-bp-∂Xv AXp-sIm-≠mWv. Icp-Wm¿{Z-amb lrZbw F∂Xv Hcp \√ a\p-
jys‚ k¿hm-Xn-imbn-bmb khn-ti-j-X-bmWv. ka-kr-jvSn-I-tfmSv
kvt\lhpw kakvX krjvSn-Pm-e-ß-tfmSpw A\p-I-ºbpw ImWn-°m≥
Ign™ {]hm-N-I≥ Imcp-Wy-Øns‚ {]Nm-c-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂p. ssZh-Øns‚
ap∂n¬ s]mdpØ-cp-fn¬ Al¿\niw {]m¿∞n-°p∂ \Ωƒ \sΩ-bm-{i-
bn®p Ign-bp-∂-h-tcmSv s]mdp-°m\pw Ah-cpsS hn\-Iƒ kln-°m\pw
Xøm-dm-hp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ \ΩpsS ]q¿h-hrØn ]cn-lm-ky-ambn ]cn-Wa - n-°p∂p
F∂ Imcyw ]e-t∏mgpw \mw Hm¿°m-dn√. Cu hninjvS `qan-I-bn¬ {]hm-
N-I≥ Hcp amXrIm am\p-j-\mWv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv A√m-lpsh A\p-k-
cn-°p-∂-tXm-sSm∏w {]hm-N-Is\ A\p-k-cn-°-W-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥ t]¿Øpw
t]¿Øpw A\p-im-kn-°p-∂Xv.
""B¿ {]hm-N-Is\ A\p-k-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah≥ A√m-lp-hns\
A\p-k-cn®p '' 40:80
{]hm-NI PohnXw 27
""{]hm-N-I≥ \n߃°v sIm≠p-h-∂Xv kzoI-cn-°pI, {]hm-N-I≥
\njn-≤-am-°n-bXv \nß-fp-t]-£n-°pI'' 59:7
""A√m-lp-hns‚ {]hm-NI - \
- n¬ \n߃°v DØ-aa - m-Xr-II- f
- p≠v'' 33:21
""{]hm-N-I≥ C—m-\p-kmcw kwkm-cn-°p-I-b-√. ssZhn-I-ambn \¬I-
s∏-Sp∂ t_m[\w am{Xw'' 53:3,4
""\ns‚ \mY-\n¬ kXyw, Ah¿°n-S-bn-ep-≠m-Ip∂ {]iv\-ß-fn¬ Xm¶sf
hn[n-I¿Øm-hmbn kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw ]n∂oSv Xm¶-fpsS hn[n-sb-∏-‰n a\-
 n¬ (sX-√pw) hnjaw tXm∂m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw ]q¿Æ-ambpw Xm¶sf A\p-
k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-hsc Ah¿ hnizm-kn-I-fm-hp-I-bn√.'' 4:65
""cmjv{S-Øns‚ ÿm]-I\pw \mb-I-\p-amb At±-lsØ ({]hm-N-
Is\) a‰p-≈-h-cn¬\n∂v Xncn-®-dn-bm≥ t]mepw km[n-®n-cp-∂n√. Ccn-°m≥
knwlm-k-\tam [cn-°m≥ Inco-Stam Xma-kn-°m≥ sIm´m-ctam IqsS \S-
°m≥ AwK-c-£-Itcm At±-l-Øn-\n-√m-bn-cp∂p. {]Xn-tcm[ {]h¿Ø-\-
ß-fn¬ Xs‚ ssk\n-I-tcm-sSm∏w Hcp km[m-cW Poh-\-°m-c-s\-t∏m-se-
bm-W-t±lw tPmen sNbvXXv.''
(apl-Ω-Z-en-bpsS "{]hm-N-I-\mb apl-ΩZv' F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬\n∂v)
{]hm-NI PohnXw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬ sNep-Ønb kzm[o\w Af-
h-‰-Xm-bn-cp∂p. Ncn-{X-Øn¬ CXn∂v kam-\-X-I-fn√.
""]d-bpI, A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw ssZh-Zq-X-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-hn≥.
C\n Xm¶-fpsS Cu ktµiw Ah¿ kzoI-cn-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ \n›bw A√m-
lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ ZqX-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-°m≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂-hsc
Ah≥ kvt\ln-°pI kw`-hy-a√Xs∂.'' 3:31,32
""A√m-lphpw Ahs‚ ZqX\pw Hcp-Imcyw Xocp-am-\n®p Ign-™m¬
]ns∂ B Imcy-Øn¬ kz¥-amb Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-°m≥ bmsXmcp hnizm-
kn°pw Ah-Im-i-an-√m-Xm-Ip∂p. B¿ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw Ahs‚ ZqX-
s\bpw [n°-cn-°p-∂pthm Ah¿ kv]jvSa - mb Zp¿am¿§-Øn-eI - s
- ∏-´p-t]mbn.''
""{]hm-N-Itc, \manXm Cu thZw kXy-k-taXw Xm¶ƒ°v Ah-X-cn-
∏n®pX∂n-cn-°p∂p. AXv A√mlp ImWn®pX∂Xp {]Imcw Xm¶ƒ P\-
Øn-\n-S-bn¬ hn[n Iev]n-t°-≠-Xn-∂m-Ip∂p.'' 4:105
""\_n \njn-≤-am-°nb Hcp- Imcyw A√mlp kzbw \njn-≤-am-°n-b-
Xp-t]m-se-bs{X.'' 59:7
{]hm-NI- N
- c
- y-bpsS A\-\y-Z¿i-\o-bX hnfn-®d- n-bn-°m≥ t]m∂ A¥x-
ku-µ-cy-an-b∂ Hcp lZokv Chn-sS-bp-≤-cn-°s´:
""Rm≥ \nß-fpsS ]°¬ c≠v Imcyw Gev]n-°p∂p. Ah c≠n-
s\bpw apdpsI∏nSn-°p∂ ]£w \n߃°v Hcn-°epw am¿§-{`wiw t\cn-
Sp-I-bn√ ˛ A√m-lp-hns‚ {KŸw, {]hm-N-Is‚ Ncy.''
Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-߃°v BZy-am-bp-≠mb hymJym-\-amWv {]hm-N-
Is‚ PohnXw. AXp-t]m-semcp Du\-a‰, CuW-samØ Pohn-X-`mjyw
ka¿∏n-°p-hm≥ {]hm-N-I\v am{Xsa km[n-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh∂ Bbn-i-
bpsS ]cm-a¿iw {it≤-b-amWv. ""a\-tkytIm hN-tkytIm I¿a-tWytIm
alm-fl\m'' F∂ ]gb sNm√p-t]mse at\m-hmIvI¿a-ß-sf-s°m≠v GI-
ap-J-\mb {]hm-N-I≥ Xs‚ PohnXw sIm≠v Jp¿-B∂v `mjyw cNn-°p-I-
28 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw {]hm-NI PohnXw 29

bm-bn-cp∂p. sshhn-[y-am¿∂ PohnX]Y-ß-fnse kIe P\-]-Z-߃°pw apl-Ω-

Jp¿-B-\nI {]]-©-hp-ambn apl-ΩZv kmflyw {]m]n®p. At±-l- Zn¬ amXr-I-bp≠v:
Øns‚ kzc-N-e-\-ß-sf√mw Jp¿-Bs‚ hn[nhne-°p-Iƒ°v A\p-kr-X-am- ""\n߃ Hcp Zcn-{Z-\m-sW-¶n¬
bn-cp∂p. Jp¿-B≥ At±-l-Øns‚ IÆp-I-fnse Xnf-°-ambpw apJsØ inAv_p A_o-Xzm-en-_nse XS-hp-]p-≈n-bnepw
{]km-Z-ambpw {]`m-kn®p. aZo\m A`-bm¿Yn-bnepw \n߃°v amXr-I-bp≠v.
kmt¶-Xn-I-ambn {]hm-N-Is‚ hrØn-Iƒ, \S-]-Sn-{I-a-߃, samgn- \n߃ Hcp N{I-h¿Øn-bm-sW-¶n¬
Iƒ F∂n-h-bmWv lZokv. Atd-_y-bpsS k¿h kmcYyw hln®
Jp¿-B≥, kp∂Øv ˛ Ch c≠pw tN¿∂ Htc-I-\m-a-amWv Zo≥ apl-Ω-Zns\ {i≤n-°pI.
F∂Xv. ({]hm-NI Ncy-Iƒ kw_-‘n® IY-\-ß-fmWv kp∂Øv F∂ \nß-sfmcp ASn-a-bm-sW-¶n¬
]Zw sIm≠v hnh-£n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. {]hm-N-Is‚ I¿Ωß-fp-sSbpw hN-\- Jptd-in-I-fpsS {Iqc-amb a¿Z\-]o-U-\m-\p-`-h-߃
ß-fp-sSbpw At±-l-Øns‚ km∂n-≤y-Øn¬ kw`-hn-°p-Ibpw At±-l- G‰p-hm-ßnb B alm-a-\- n-s\-tbm¿°pI.
Øns‚ AwKo-Imcw e`n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX a‰v Imcy-ß-fpsS kap-®-b-amWv \nß-sfmcp tPXm-hm-sW-¶n¬
bYm¿∞-Øn¬ lZokv.) kp∂-Øns\ Jp¿-B-\n¬\n∂v am‰n-sh-®m¬ _Zv-dnepw lpss\-\nepw sXfn-™p-\n∂
{]hrØn-]-Y-Øn¬ hcp-Øm≥ {]bm-k-tam-ep∂ hyman-{i-amb Iptd C_m- apl-Ω-Zn-s\-b-\p-kva-cn-°pI.
Z-Øp-I-fpsS t]cp-Ifpw Iptd hnizm-k-Im-cy-ßfpw Ahy-‡-X-Iƒ AS- \n߃ ]cm-Pn-X-\mb Hcp t]mcm-fn-bm-sW-¶n¬
bn´v InS-°p∂ Bi-b-ßfpw am{X-am-bn-cn°pw Jp¿-B≥ F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv Dlp-Zn¬ IpSp-ßn-°n-S∂ Akm-XznI a\- n¬\n∂v
B alZv{KŸ-tØm-Sp≈ A\m-Zcw sIm≠√, {]hm-N-I≥ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏- ]mTw {Kln-°pI.
´Xv Jp¿-Bs\ Xs‚ hmKvI¿Ωß-sf-s°m≠v hni-Zo-I-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°m-\m- \n߃ Hc-≤ym-]-I-\m-sW-¶n¬
sW∂ t_m≤yw sIm≠mWv. k^m ae-ap-I-fn¬ kaqlw I≠
""\mw Xm¶ƒ°v Jp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®Xv, P\-߃°v Cd-°-s∏-´Xv B hcn-jvShy-‡n-XzsØ hne-bn-cp-ØpI.
({KŸw) Ah¿°v hnh-cn®psImSp-°m≥ th≠n-bmWv'' 16:44 \n߃ Hcp-hn-Zym¿∞n-bm-sW-¶n¬
ssZhw Hcp {KŸ-a-h-X-cn-∏n®p. AXns‚ h‡mhpw {]tbm-‡m-hp- amem-J-bpsS ap∂n¬ `b-`-‡ym-Z-c-ß-tfmsS
ambn Hcp {]hm-N-Is\ \ntbm-Kn®p. ""sI´nSw \n¿Ωn-°m≥ Hcp πm≥ {i≤m-ep-hmbn \n∂ apl-Ω-Zn-s\-tbm¿an-°pI.
\evIn. B πm\-\p-k-cn-®p≈ sI´nSw \n¿an-°-W-sa-∂mWv \n¿tZi-sa- \n߃ Hcp {]`m-j-I-\m-sW-¶n¬
¶n¬ πm≥ kphn-i-Z-am-bn-cn-°Ww. F∂m¬ H∏-samcp C©n-\n-b-sc-°qSn aZo-\-bnse ]≈n-bn¬ F∂pw kwkm-cn-°m-dp≈
\n›-bn®p \¬In-bm¬ ]ns∂ πm≥ kphn-iZ- a - m-bn-c
- n-°W
- s
- a∂v \njvI¿jn- B P\-{]n-bs\ {i≤n-°pI.
t°-≠-Xpt≠m? th≠m. C©n-\n-bsc {i≤n-°pI; At±-l-Øns‚ \n¿t±- i{Xp-]-£sØ ASn-]-Wn-bn® A[rjy-\mWv
i-a-\p-k-cn-°pI. AXp-t]mse Jp¿-B≥ hmN-me-a√, kphn-i-Z-hp-a√, \nß-sf-¶n¬
hmNw ban-Xz-am-W-Xns‚ kuµcyw. {]Xy-£-Øn¬ Jp¿-B≥ Ahy-‡-am- a°m-hn-Pb thf-bn¬ Pzen-®p-\n∂
bn-tØm-∂n-tb°mw. F∂m¬ AXn-s\m∏w kp∂Øpw lZokpw tNcp- B alm-hy-‡n-XzsØ I≠-dn-bpI.
tºmƒ AXv kphy-‡hpw kºq¿Æ-hp-ambn. \nß-sfmcp hym]m-cn-bm-sW-¶n¬
ssZth-—-bpsS shfn-]m-SmWv thZ-{K-Ÿ-sa-¶n¬ AXns‚ {]mtbm-Kn- JZo-P-bpsS hym]m-c-h-kvXp-°-fp-ambn
I-cq-]-amWv {]hm-NI Ncy. AXp-sIm-≠mWv {]hm-N-Is\ A\p-[m-h\w ]c-tZ-i-߃ Xm≠nb apl-Ω-Zns\ a\- n-em-°pI.
sNøm≥ Ckvemw Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. kºq¿Æ a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp∂p {]hm- \nß-sfmcp tXm´w ]cn-]m-e-I-\m-sW-¶n¬
N-I≥. ssJ_-dn-sebpw ^Z°n-sebpw tXm´-߃
tamk- n¬ AN-©-e-\mb t\Xm-hn-s\-b-√msX Fßs\ ]cn-]m-en-°-s∏´p F∂-dn-bpI.
Zbm-a-b-\mb Kpcp-hns\ I≠n√. Hcm-´n-S-bs‚ sXmgn-emWv \nß-f-\p-jvTn-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬
tbip Zm£n-Wy-ß-fpsS amXr-I-bm-sW-¶nepw a°-bnse B CSb _me-s\-b-\p-kva-cn-°pI.
ASn-a-I-fp-sSbpw Zp¿_e-cp-sSbpw Zcn-{Z-cp-sSbpw Hcp kwLsØ \bn-°p-∂ Npa-X-e-bmWv
tNmc NqSp-]n-Sn-∏n-°p∂ Xo£vWX \n߃°p-≈-sX-¶n¬
At±-l-Øn-en-√m-bn-cp∂p. _kz-d-bn-te°v t]mIp∂ km¿∞-hm-lI kwL
apl-Ω-Zn¬ Ch-sb√mw ka-\z-bn®p. -Øns‚ \mb-I-s\sbm-∂v \nco-£n-°pI.
30 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw 31

\n߃ Hcp \ymbm[n-]-t\m am[y-ÿt\m

BsW-¶n¬
lPvdp¬ AkvhZv s]m°n-sh-°p-∂-Xn¬
Akm-[m-c-WXzw ImWn® apl-Ω-Zn-s\-sbm∂v
{i≤n-°pI.
\n߃ Hcp `¿Øm-hm-sW-¶n¬
JZo-Pbpw Bbn-ibpw ]d™pX∂
apl-Ω-Zns‚ Pohn-XXe-sam∂v hne-bn-cp-ØpI.
4
Hcp \√-]n-Xmhv Fßs\ F∂-t\z-jn-°p-I-
bmWv \nß-sf-¶n¬ Jp¿-B≥ cq]-a-Wn-bp∂p
^mØn-a-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ lrZn-ÿ-am-°pI.
\n߃ \∑-b-Wn-™p≈ Bcp-am-hs´ F¥p-am-hs´
AXn-∂p-th≠ kap-÷ze amXr-I-I-sf√mw apl-Ω-Zn-ep≠v.''
Nn e-t∏mƒ AXn-Im-e-Øp-W¿∂v JZo-Psb hnfn°pw. hnfn-tI-´m¬ {]`m-
X-Ir-Xy-ß-sf√mw am‰n-sh®v JZoP apl-Ω-Zns‚ kao-]-tØbv°v
B sshNn-{Xy-am¿∂ Akm-[m-cW hy‡nXzw Hcp henb P\-]-
]ms™Øpw. ]Xn-™-kz-c-Øn¬, Kuc-h-an-b∂ clkyw ]d-bp∂ a´n¬
ZsØ Xs‚ C—m-i-‡n-sIm≠v apt∂m´p \bn®p. Ibv]pw, Nh¿∏pw,
apl-ΩZv ]d-™p-Xp-Sßpw. Xte-∂mƒ cm{Xn-bnse kz]v\-I-Y-bm-Ip-aXv.
Fcnhpw a[p-c-hp-sa√mw tN¿∂ kaq-l-a-≤y-Øn¬Xs∂ Pohn®p. tLmc-
\√-\√ kz]v\-߃. AXp tIƒ°m≥ JZoP ImXv Iq¿∏n-®n-cn°pw. Xs‚
amb kml-Nc - y-ßf
- nepw {Iqc-amb ]oU-\ß
- f
- nepw ÿnX-{]-⁄s
- \-t∏mse
`¿Øm-hns\ ssZhw kz]v\w sNmcn™v `mKy-hm-\m-°n-Øo¿°p-I-bm-
\ne-sIm≠p. \mb-I-\mbn, tPXm-hmbn hm°pw {]hrØnbpw ]c-kv]c]qc-
sW∂v JZoP A`n-am-\n°pw.
I-am°n P\-a-\- p-I-fn¬ Ak-Zr-iy-\mbn, A¬Aao-\mbn {]`m-kn®p. ]c-
{Ia-Øn¬ {Ia-Øn¬ apl-ΩZv GIm-¥-Xsb Gsd CjvS-s∏-Sp∂
kv]cw t]mc-Sn®pw Igp-Ø-dpØpw {]mIr-X-ambn Pohn-®p-t]m∂ IpØ-
{]Ir-X-°m-c-\mbn amdn. Fhn-sS-sb-¶nepw sN∂n-cn°pw; Nne-t∏mƒ aWn-
gn™pInS-∂ Hcp tKm{X-k-aq-lsØ Hcp Nc-Sn-en-W-°n-t°m¿Øp. Ncn-{X-
°q-dp-I-tfmfw. B a\- n¬ At∏mƒ hnf-™p-\n-ev°m-dp≈ hnNm-c-`mhw
Øn-en-t∂mfw Xpey-X-bn-√mØ ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]XmImhml-I-s\∂v
B¿°p-a-dn-bn√, JZo-P-°pt]mepw. F∂m¬ AXn¬ Ak-lyX ImWn-
FXn-cm-fn-I-fm¬t]mepw {]iw-kn-°-s∏´ Hu∂-Xy-Øn-tebv°v Db¿∂p.
°mt\m AXv Nq≠n hna¿in-°mt\m B kv{XocXv\w Hcn-°epw apXn¿∂n-
´n√. Xs‚ `¿Øm-hn¬ ssZhn-I-amb Ft¥m H∂v sXfn-™p-h-cn-I-bm-
sW∂v Ah¿ Icp-Xn-bn-cn-°Ww.
`{Z-amb GIm-¥X tXSn-∏p-d-s∏´ apl-ΩZv kzh-k-Xn-bn¬\n∂v Ipd-
®-I-se-bp≈ lndm-Kpl Is≠Øn. ]ns∂ AhnsS sN∂n-cn°pw. Ahn-
sS-bn-cp-∂m¬ a\- -\p-`-hn-°p∂ im¥X Ahm-Ny-amWv. B kpJm-kzm-Z-
\-Øn¬ F√mw ad∂v apl-ΩZv Zn\-cm-{X-߃ AhnsS Ignbpw. Ahn-sS-
\n∂v ssIh-cp∂ sskzchpw kzÿ-Xbpw A\-\y-e-œ-am-sW∂v apl-ΩZv
]e-hpcp JZo-P-tbmSv ]d-™n-´p≠v.
AKm-[-X-I-fn¬, Ahy-‡-X-I-fn¬ B≠v Xnc-bp∂ Hcp kXym-t\z-
jn-bpsS X]- m-bn-cp∂p AXv. Ime-t`-Z-ß-f-dn-bmsX, \n¿∂n-{Z-ß-fmb
cm∏-I-ep-I-fn-eqsS \oßp∂ Xo{h-X-] v! \mepw A©pw Znh-k-߃ Ign-
™mWv apl-ΩZv Nne-t∏mƒ ho´n-tebv°v Xncn-°p-∂Xv. CXv IcpXn hnj-
aw-sIm≠ JZoP `£-W-s∏m-Xn-t]mepw Kplm-bm-{X-bn¬ apl-Ω-Zns‚
Iøn-te-ev]n-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p.
Hcp Znhkw apl-ΩZv lndm-Kp-l-bn-en-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Hcp alm-hn-
kva-b-Øns‚ Zf-]p-S-߃ hncn-™p-h-cp-tºmse Hcp ae°v At±-l-Øns‚
ap∂n¬ {]Xy-£-s∏´p. Poh- -Wn™ Hcp Znhym-\p-`hw. ae°v, km¤pXw
Xs∂ {i≤n-°p∂ apl-ΩZ- n-t\mSv "hmbn-°pI' F∂v Bh-iy-s∏´p. AtXsd
hnkva-b-I-chpw hn{`m-¥n-P-\-I-hp-am-bn-cp∂p. A£-c-a-dn-bm-Ø-h\v hmbn-
32 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
°m-s\m-°ptam? kXy-k-‘-\mb apl-ΩZv Xs‚ \n -lm-b-X-b-dn-bn®p.
ae°v apl-Ω-Zns\ KmVm-enw-K\w sNbvXp. ho≠pw ]g-b-Xp-t]m-se-bm-h-
iy-s∏´p, hmbn-°m≥. apl-Ω-Zns‚ {]Xn-I-c-Ww- ]g-b-Xp-Xs∂. ae°v ]e-
hpcp apl-Ω-Zns\ s\t©mSv tN¿Øv Benw-K\w sNbvXp. XpS¿∂v ae°v
Cßs\ hni-Zo-I-cn®p:
""hmbn-°pI.
\ns∂ kr„n® ssZh-Øns‚ \ma-Øn¬
hmbn-°pI.
tIhew H´n-∏n-Sn-°p∂ H∂n¬\n∂v
\ns∂, a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®p-hn´
\ns‚ c£-I-\mb
k¿h-tem-I-{k-„m-hmb
B GI-ssZ-h-Øns‚
Xncp-\m-a-Øn¬ hmbn-°pI.
Xqen-I-sIm≠v
a\p-jys\ Fgp-Xm≥ ]Tn-∏n®v
Ahs\ hn⁄-\m-°nb
B A√m-lp-hns‚
Xncp-\m-a-Øn¬ hmbn-°pI.''
ae°v A{]-Xy-£-\mbn. apl-ΩZv ]cn-{`m-¥-\mbn Ahn-sS-Ø-s∂-bn-
cp∂p. F¥p-sN-tø≠q F∂-dn-bmsX apl-ΩZv hnj-an®p. lrZ-b-Øn¬
s]cp-ºd apg-ßp∂p. ico-c-amsI hnb¿Øp hnd-bv°p-∂-Xp-t]m-se-tXm∂n.
Xo¿Øpw kzÿ-X-sI´ apl-ΩZv ho´n-te-t°mSn.
]cn-{`m-¥-\mbn ]m™p-h-cp∂ apl-Ω-Zns\ I≠ JZoP \s∂ hnj-
an®p. "Fs∂ ]pX-∏n-°pI, Fs∂ ]pX-∏n-°pI' F∂v hn{`m-¥-ambn ]ndp-
]n-dp-Øp-sIm-≠n-cp∂ apl-Ω-Zns\ ]pX-∏n®v kam-[m-\n-∏n-°m≥ JZoP
{ian®p. Iptd Ign-™-t∏mƒ apl-ΩZv JZo-Psb hnfn®v lndm-Kp-l-bnse
A\p-`-h-߃ hni-Zo-I-cn®p. X\n°v `b-am-Ip-∂p-sh∂pw Fs¥-√m-amWv
h∂p-s]-Sm≥ t]mIp-∂-sX∂v X\n-s°m´pw a\- n-em-Ip-∂n-s√∂pw Xs‚
Pohn-Xw-Xs∂ A]-I-S-Øn-em-tb-°ptam F∂ t]Sn Xs∂ hnSmsX Akz-
ÿ-\m-°p-I-bm-sW∂pw apl-ΩZv JZo-Psb [cn-∏n®p. JZoP Biz-kn-
∏n®p, {]Xo£ hf¿Øn, Bth-i-a-Wn-bn®p.
""Aßbv°v Hc-]-I-Shpw ssZhw hcp-Øp-I-bn√
Aßv \∑ sNøp-∂-h-\mWv.
IpSpw-_-kv-Y-\mWv.
]mh-ßsf klm-bn-°p-∂-h-\mWv.
thZ-\n-°p-∂-h¿°v Bizmkw \¬Ip-∂-h-\mWv
XymKw sNbvXp-t]m-cp-∂-h-\mWv.
hniz-kvX-\p-amWv.
Aßbv°v ssZhw Hc-]-I-Shpw hcp-Øp-I-bn√.''
Iptd Ign-™-t∏mƒ JZoP apl-Ω-Zn-s\-bpw-Iq´n hd-J-Øp_v\p
\u^-ens‚ ho´n-seØn. JZo-P-bpsS ]nXr-hy-]p-{X-\m-W-t±lw. Pmln-en-
Jp¿-B≥ cq]-a-Wn-bp∂p 33
ø-Im-eØv {InkvXp-aX hnizm-k-am-t«-jn-®-h-cmWv hd-JØv. lo{_p-`mj
\∂m-b-dnbmw. C©o-ense kq‡-߃ hmbn-°p-Ibpw AtX-°p-dn®v
KmV-ambn Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw sNøm-dp≠v. C∂n-t∏mƒ hm¿[-Iy-Øns‚
sshh-iy-ap≠v. IÆn\v ImgvN \s∂ Ipdhpw.
AIØv Hcp apdn-bn-en-cp∂v Ah¿ kwkm-cn®p XpSßn. apl-Ω-Zn-\p-
≠mb khn-ti-jm-\p-`-h-߃ JZoP hd-J-Øn-s\-b-dn-bn®p. At∏mgpw
at\m-hn-{`m-¥n- ]s‰ hn´p-am-dn-bn-´n-√mØ apl-ΩZv Ahn-sS-Ø-s∂-bp-≠m-bn-
cp∂p. JZo-P-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ hd-JØv Kuc-h-tØmSpw AXy¥w hn\-b-
tØmSpw IqSn-bmWv tI´Xv. hd-JØv Fgp-t∂‰v apl-Ω-Zn-s‚-b-Sp-Øp-
sN∂v At±-l-Øns‚ c≠v ssIIfpw tN¿Øp-]n-Sn®v s\©n-e-a¿Øn Hcp
\nanjw IÆ-S-®p-\n∂p. {]m¿Y-\-bpsS \nan-j-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p AXv. hd-JØv
hn\-b-]p-c- cw Cßs\ ]d™p:
""apl-ΩtZ, aq m-bp-sS-b-SpØv A√m-lp-h-b® Pn_vco¬Xs∂-bm-
WXv. apl-ΩZv {]hm-N-I-\mbn amdm≥t]m-hp-I-bmWv. ss[cy-tØmsS
apt∂m-´p-t]m-hpI. hen-sbmcp ZuXy-amWv apl-Ω-Zn\v \n¿h-ln-°m-\p-
≈Xv. F∂m¬ Hcp Imcyw ]d-bs´, Cu ZuXyw \n¿h-ln-®-h-sc√mw P\-
ß-fpsS ap∂n¬ i{Xp-°-fm-bn-Øo¿∂ IY-tb-bp≈q. AXp-sIm≠v hn{`-
an-°p-I-b√, Icp-Øp-Im-´p-I-bm-Wm-hmiyw.''
C{Xbpw tI´-t∏mƒ apl-ΩZv DtZz-K-]q¿hw tNmZn®p:
""Ch-scs∂ \mSp-I-S-Øn-tb-°ptam?''
hd-J-Øns‚ ]Iz-amb adp-]Sn Gsd {it≤-b-am-bn-cp∂p:
""F√mw {]Xo-£n-°pI. ]t£, Pbn-®p-h-cp-∂Xv Ah-cm-bn-cn-°p-I-
bn√. Rm≥ sImXn-°p-I-bmWv apl-ΩZv, Xm¶ƒ {]t_m-[-\-am-cw-`n-°p∂
ImeØv Rms\mcp bphm-hm-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ F∂v. ImcWw A∂v Aßs\
Pohn-°m≥ Ign-s™-¶n¬ Xm¶sf Ign-hn-s\mØv klm-bn-°m≥ F\n°pw
Ign-t™s\.''
hd-J-Øns‚ Bin- p-Ifpw JZo-P-bpsS Bizm-k-h-N-\-ßfpw apl-
Ω-Zn¬ Bfl-hn-izmkw hf¿Øn, Hcp ]pXnb Bthiw hmcn-b-Wn-bm≥
Ign-™-Xp-t]m-semcp t_m≤yw. apl-ΩZpw JZo-Pbpw ho´n-tebv°v aSßn.
hgn-bn¬ \n»-–-\mbn \S-∂p-\o-ßp∂ apl-Ω-Zn-t\mSv JZoP A\p-\-
b-hm-°p-Iƒ ]d-™p-sIm-t≠-bn-cp∂p. ""a\p-jy-cm-in-bn¬ A√m-lp-hns‚
kw{]o-Xn°v ]m{X-amb kpIr-Xn-I-fn¬ Aßv {]Im-i-a-Wn-™p-\n-ev°p-∂p-
sh∂pw CXn¬]-c-samcp [\y-X -a‰ns√''∂pw JZoP ]d-™-t∏mƒ apl-ΩZv
IqSp-X¬ hn\-b-hm-\m-bn-°m-W-s∏´p.
ho´n-seØn Ipd®p hn{i-an-°-W-sa-∂m-{K-ln-®p-sh-¶nepw Iptd-°qSn
kzÿX sImXn®v apl-ΩZv Xs‚ Bfl-an-{X-amb A_q-_-°sd ImWm≥
]pd-s∏´p.
a°-bnse Hcp {]mam-WnI IpSpw-_-Ønse AwK-amWv A_q-_-°¿.
F√m- h - s cbpw kv t \ln- ° pI. B¿°pw BIm- h p- ∂ {X klmbw
sNøpI˛AXm-W-t±-l-Øns‚ {]IrXw. {]mb-Øn¬ Ihn™ ]IzX
kq£n-®p-t]m∂ A_q-_-°-dmWv apl-Ω-Zns‚ lrZbw kq£n-∏p-Im-c-
s\∂v Bfp-Iƒ ]d-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p.
34 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
apl-Ω-Zns‚ hm°p-Iƒ A_q-_-°¿ AXo-h-{i-≤-tbmSpw hnkva-b-
tØm-Spw-Iq-Sn-bmWv tI´Xv. Ifn-bm-bn-t]mepw s]mfn-]-d-bmØ apl-Ω-
Zns\ Ahn-iz-kn-°m≥ A_q_-°-dn\v Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n√. Xs‚ kplr-
Øn\v ssZh-Øn¬\n∂p e`n® ]c-amw-Ko-Im-c-Øn¬ A_q-_-°¿ AIw
\nd-™m-\-µn®p.
Ahn-sS-\n∂v apl-ΩZv Aen-bpsS hk-Xn-bn-te-°mWv t]mbXv. {]mb-
]q¿Øn-bm-hmØ Hcp sNdp-∏-°m-c-\m-bn-cp∂p A∂v Aen. apl-Ω-Zns‚
]nXrhy-\mb A_q-Øm-en-_ns‚ aI≥. tPyjvTktlm-Z-c-\mbn Aen,
apl-Ω-Zns\ kvt\ln-®p-t]m∂p. apl-ΩZv Aen-sb-°≠v X\n-°p-≠mb
A]q¿hm-\p-`-h-a-dn-bn®p. apl-Ω-Zn\p ssIh∂ `mKym-Xn-tc-I-Øn¬ B
sIm®p-lr-Z-bw tcma-l¿j-a-Wn™p.
ho´n-tebv°v Xncn-°p-tºmƒ hgn-bn¬ sskZp_v\p lmcn-k-Øns\
I≠p-ap´n. ho´nse ]cn-Nm-c-I-\m-W-t±lw. apl-ΩZv HmSn-s®∂v sskZns\
sI´n-∏n-Sn®v hntij hm¿Ø-b-dn-bn®p. hm¿Ø tI´-t∏mƒ sskZv kt¥m-
jw-sIm≠v Xp≈n-®mSn. apl-ΩZv Iptd-°qSn Bfl-hn-izm-k-tØmSpw a\x-
k-am-[m-\-tØm-Spw-IqSn kzhk-Xn-bn-tebv°v \S∂p.
hniz-h-iy-amb Ckvem-anI ktµ-i-Øns‚ BZy-£cw a‰m-sc-°mfpw
apsº tIƒ°m\pw tcma-l¿j-a-Wn-bm\pw ku`mKyw e`n® BZysØ
apkven--aØv JZo-P-bmWv. ]ns∂ A_q_-°dpw ]ns∂ Aenbpw ]ns∂
sskZv_v\p-lm-cn-kØpw.
XpS¿∂v Aev]-Im-e-tØbv°v shfn-]m-Sp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. Aß-s\-bn-
cns° Hcp Znhkw apl-ΩZv a°-bnse sXcp-ho-Yn-bn-eqsS k©-cn-°p-I-bm-
bn-cp∂p. s]s´∂v BIm-iØ - n¬ Hcp apg-°a
- \
- p-`h
- s
- ∏´p. apl-ΩZv taevt]m´v
t\m°n. taL-am-e-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ Hcp cq]w sXfn-™p-h-cp-∂-Xm-bn-°≠p.
AXv apºp lndm-Kp-l-bn¬ {]Xy-£-s∏´ Pn_vco-ens‚ cq]-a-Wn-bp-∂-Xp-
t]m-se-tXm∂n. Pn_vco-em-sW∂v t_m≤y-am-b-t∏mƒ apl-ΩZv Xo¿Øpw
Akz-ÿ-\mbn. t]Sn-t®mSn. t\sc ho´n-seØn. h√m-sØm-c-kzmÿyw
A\p-`-h-s∏´p. XWp-∏p-d-™-Xp-t]mse hndbv-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]pX-∏n-
´p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ JZo-P-tbm-Sm-h-iy-s∏´p. ]pX-∏n-®p-sIm≠v JZoP apl-Ω-
Zns\ kam-iz-kn-∏n-°m≥ {ian®p. ]t£, Akzm-ÿyw- IqSn-°q-Sn-h-cn-I-
bm-bn-cp∂p. AXv shfn-]m-Sns‚ XpS-°-am-bn-cp∂p. Xs‚ ImXp-I-fn¬
Ft¥m apg-ßp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-tXm∂n. {i≤n-®-t∏mƒ i_vZw sXfn-™p-
h∂p:
""tl, aqSn-∏p-X-®-ht\, Fgp-t∂‰v (P\-ßsf) Xm°oXv sNøpI.
\ns‚ c£n-Xm-hns\ al-Xz-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw \ns‚ hkv{X-߃ ip≤-am-°p-
Ibpw ]m]w shSn-bp-Ibpw sNøpI.'' (74:1˛5)
]ns∂ ]e t\c-ß-fn-embn shfn-]m-Sp-I-fp-≠m-bn--s°m-≠n-cp∂p. Hcp
alm-{]-Xn-`m-kw-t]mse. A\p-kyq-X-ambn. B Znhy-h-N-\-ß-fpsS kam-lm-
c-amWv Jp¿-B≥. Ccp-]-Øn-aq∂v h¿j-°m-e-Øns‚ ]cn-hn-kvXr-Xn-bn-
emWv Jp¿-Bs‚ ]ndhn. ]e-]-e -L-´-ß-fn-em-bmWv AXv cq]w-sIm-≠Xv.
Nne-t∏mƒ Hcp BbØv (kq‡w) am{Xw. a‰p-Nn-e-t∏mƒ Gsdbpw. Bdm-
bn-c-Øn¬]cw Bb-Øp-Iƒ Aßs\ cq]w-sIm≠p. shfn-]m-S-\p-`-h-s∏-
Jp¿-B≥ cq]-a-Wn-bp∂p 35
´m¬ AXv Xs‚ kl-Nm-cn-Iƒ°v HmXn-s°m-Sp°pw. ]ns∂ hni-Zo-I-
cn°pw. kwi-b-tO-Zn-bmw-hn[w t_m[n-∏n°pw. kzPo-hn-X-am-Xr-I-sIm≠v
Ahbv°v Gsd sXfn®w \¬Ipw.
""CXv temI-c-£n-Xmhv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-XmWv, \n›bw. hniz-kvX-\mb
amemJ AXv \ns‚ (\_n-bpsS) lrZ-b-Øn-e-h-X-cn-∏n®p. \o P\-߃°v
ap∂-dn-bn∏v \¬Im≥th≠n; kv]jvS-amb Ad_v `mj-bn¬'' (26: 192˛ 195).
k_q¿, XudmØv, C©o¬˛F∂n-hbv°v tijw Ah-X-cn® \memw-
th-Z-amWv Jp¿-B≥. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Jp¿-B≥ hnizm-kn-I-fmb apkvenw-
Iƒ \memw-th-Z-°m-cmbn hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. ssZhw, Pn_vco¬, apl-
ΩZv˛F∂o aq∂v ]S-hp-I-fmWv thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn\v ]nd-In¬ sXfn-™p-\n-ev°p-
∂Xv. apl-Ω-Zns‚ ssII-fn-emWv thZ-{KŸw Gev]n-°-s∏-´Xv, ]c-»Xw
kq‡-ß-fmbn. thZ-{KŸw \¬I-s∏-´-Xp-sIm≠v apl-ΩZv dkq-embn.
Jp¿-B≥ F∂ i_vZ-Øn\v hmbn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂m-W¿Yw. Ahn-
cm-a-ambn XpS¿∂p-h-cp∂ Ime-X-e-ß-fn¬ hmbn-°-s∏-Sp∂ km¿h-Im-en-I-
Xz-apƒs°m-≈p-∂Xv F∂mWv hnh£. kXym-kXy hnth-NIw F∂
A¿Y-Zyp-Xn-bp≈ "^p¿Jm≥' F∂pw Jp¿-B≥ hnfn-°-s∏-Sm-dp≠v.
apl-ΩZ- ns‚ {]hm-NI - X
- z-sØbpw Jp¿-Bs‚ Xncp- A-hX
- c
- W-sØbpw
Ipdn-®p≈ sXfn™ kqN-\-Iƒ Xudm-Ønepw C©o-en-ep-ap≠v. Jp¿-B-
\n¬ A°mcyw A\p-kva-cn-®n-´p-ap≠v. apl-ΩZv \_n-sbbpw Jp¿-B-s\bpw
Ipdn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿i-߃ ss__n-fnepw ImWmw:
(Bh¿Ø\ ]pkvXIw 18: 18,19
aØmbn 21: 42, 44, 4:17
tbml-∂m≥ 14: 15.16)
""CXv (Jp¿-B≥) sI´n-®-a® Hcp hm¿Ø-b√. adn®v AXns‚ aptº
h∂ Znhy-{K-Ÿ-ß-fnse kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø-Isf km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-
∂-XmWv.'' (12:111)
""\mw {KŸw \¬In-b-h¿°-dnbmw Xo¿®-bmbpw CXv (Jp¿-B≥)
\ns‚ \mYs‚ ]°¬\n∂v kXy-tØm-Sp-IqSn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´-
Xm-sW∂v.'' (6:115)
""C{km-tben ]fin-X-∑m¿ CXv Xncn-®-dn-bp∂p F∂ ]c-am¿Yw
Ch¿s°mcp Zr„m-¥-am-hp-∂nt√?'' (26:197)
""Ah¿ ({InkvXym-\n-Iƒ) {]hm-N-I∂v Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´Xv (Jp¿-
B≥) tIƒ°p-tºmƒ X߃°v kXyw a\- n-em-b-Xp-Im-cWw
Ah-cpsS \b-\-ß-fn¬ _mjv]w \nd-s™m-gp-Ip-∂Xv ImWmw.
\mYm Rß-fnXm hniz-kn-®n-cn-°p∂p. AXn-\m¬ Rßsf \o
km£n-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-tØ-Wta F∂-h¿ ]d-bp∂p.''
(5: 83)
apl-Ω-Zns\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw Xs‚ {]hm-N-I-Zu-Xy-\n¿h-l-
W-Øns‚ {]`m-X-Im-e-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. kz¥w {]tZ-iØv, kz¥w tKm{X-
Øn¬, kz¥w IpSpw-_-Øn¬ AXm-cw-`n-°-W-sa∂v apl-ΩZv B{K-ln®p.
kam-cw`w Fß-s\-th-W-sa∂v apl-Ω-Zn\v sXfn™ shfn-]m-Sp-≠m-bn-
cp∂p. kzP-\-ß-tfmSpw kztZ-io-b-tcmSpw kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-
36 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Ihpw F∂m¬ bp‡n-`-{Z-amb coXn-bn-ep-am-bn-cn-°Ww. A°m-esØ,
Ahn-SsØ kmaq-ln-Im-¥-co-£-Øns‚ t\mhpw s\mº-chpw kuay-ambn
hni-I-e\w sNøpI; P\-a-\- p-I-fn¬ thcq-∂n-\n-ev°p∂ A_-≤-hn-izm-
k-ßs - f-°p-dn®pw Ah-cpsS BN-cW - ß- f- nepw A\p-h¿Ø-\ß - f- nepw sXfn-
™p-\n∂ A‘-X-I-sf-°p-dn®pw ]cm-a¿in-°pI. AXv \ne-\n-ev°p-∂Xpw
XpS-cp∂Xpw kaq-l-Øns‚ \ne-\n-ev]n\pw hnIm-k-Øn\pw hnLm-X-am-
sW∂v am{X-a√ a\x-k-am-[m\w \in-∏n-°p-∂Xpw Pohn-X-]p-tcm-K-Xnsb
l\n-°p-∂Xpw IqSn-bm-sW∂pw [cn-∏n-°pI. bp‡y\p-`-h-ß-fpsS shfn-
®-Øn¬ kuay-ambn Ahsb Jfin-°pI; XpS¿∂v A\p-k-‘m\w
sNøm≥ ]‰p∂ kZm-Nm-c-ßfpw [¿a-ßfpw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-ØpI; ssZhn-I-
am¿K-Øns‚ hnip≤n t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-ØpI; PohnX ]q¿Æ-Xbv°pw imiz-
X-ka- m-[m-\Ø - n\pw AXv am{X-am-Wm-{ibw F∂v [cn-∏n-°pI˛{]hm-NIs‚
BZy-Ime {]h¿Ø-\-Øns‚ {]Ir-X-a-Xm-bn-cp∂p.
a\x-im-kv{X-⁄\pw k©-bm-\p-`-h-k-º-∂-\p-amb Hc-≤ym-]-I-t‚-
Xp-t]mse efn-Xhpw kpµ-chpw Ah-{I-hp-am-bn-cp∂p t_m[-\-coXn. ]pXnb
]pXnb Imcy-߃ sNdp-sN-dp-hm-Iy-ß-fn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-°m≥ At±-l-
Øn\v Ign™p. Xmf-e-b-_-≤-am-bn-cp∂p Ah-X-cW coXn. kao-]-ÿ-ß-
fmb hkvXp-X-Isf Nq≠nbpw kzm\p-`-h-ßsf Io¿Øn®pw {]hm-N-I≥
sNmcn-bp∂ samgn-ap-Øp-Iƒ A\p-hm-N-Is‚ a\- n¬ B™p-]-Xn®p.
Nne¿°Xv lrZy-am-bn-s√-¶nepw B a[p-c-h-N- p-Iƒ Ah¿ a{¥n-®p-sIm-
≠n-cn°pw. B¿t\mƒUns‚ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Cßs\
tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≠v:
""A\p-hm-N-Im-`n-cp-Nn-°-\p-Kp-W-ambn Ah G‰hpw ap¥nb Iem-`w-Kn-
bn¬ IS-s™-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn-cp∂p. lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Aºp-t]mse Ah
B™pXdbv-°p∂p. {ih-W-ku-µ-cyw-sIm≠v Ah ImXp-Isf Xmt\
hio-I-cn-°p∂p. cN\m kuIp-am-cy-Øn¬ aXn-a-d∂ Np≠n-W-Iƒ Ah
kzbw Dcp-hn-´p-t]m∂p. {]mtZ-in-I-®ph Xptemw IqSp-X-em-bn-cp∂p. Cu
{]mcw-`h - m-Iy-ßf
- n¬ km¿h-eu-InI kXy-ßf - mWv D≈-S°
- s
- a-¶nepw sXfn-
hp-Ifpw km£y-ßfpw D]-a-Ifpw Ae-¶m-c-ß-fp-sams° A\p-hm-N-I-hr-
µ-Øn\v kp]-cn-Nn-X-amb Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ \ns∂-Sp-Ø-h-bm-bn-cp∂p. Ah-
cpsS Ncn-{X-]m-c-º-cy-ßfpw A\p-Zn\w Ah¿°v Zriy-am-bn-cp∂ ZrjvSm-¥-
ßfpw Ah-cpsSXs∂ hnizm-k-]-chpw [m¿an-Ihpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb
sshI-ey-ß-fp-am-W-h-bn¬ {]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cp-∂Xv.''
Jp¿-Bs‚ Ah-X-c-W-am-cw-`n-°p-∂Xv da-Zm≥ amk-Ønse Hcp cm{Xn-
Im-e-ØmWv. B cm{Xnsb "A\p-Kr-lo-X-cm{Xn'sb∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ hnti-
jn-∏n-°p-∂Xv. ""CXns\ (Jp¿-Bs\) \mw hn[n-\n¿Æ-b-cm-hn¬ Ah-X-cn-
∏n®p. hn[n-\n¿Æ-b-cmhv Fs¥∂v \n\-s°-¥-dnbmw! hn[n-\n¿Æ-b-cmhv
Bbncw amk-sØ-°mfpw t{ijvT-am-Ip∂p. AXn¬ ae-°p-Ifpw dqlpw
Ah-cpsS d∫ns‚ A\p-a-Xn-tbmsS kI-e- hn-[n-Ifpw sIm≠n-d-ßp∂p. B
cmhv XnI®pw kam-[m-\-am-Ip∂p; {]`mXw hsc.'' 97: 1˛5.
""a\p-jy¿°m-I-am\w am¿K-Z¿i-I-ambpw kXym-k-Xy-ßsf hnth-Nn-
°p-∂Xpw k∑m¿Kw ImWn-®p-X-cp-∂-Xp-amb kphy-‡-\n¿t±-i-ß-fmbpw
Jp¿-B≥ cq]-a-Wn-bp∂p 37
Jp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn® amk-am-Ip∂p da-Zm≥'' 2:185.
lnPvd°v aptº Cd-ßn-bXpw lnPvd°v tijw Ah-Xo¿Æ-am-b-Xp-
amb Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-ßsf bYm-{Iaw a°o-kq-d-Øp-Iƒ F∂pw aZ-\o-
kq-dØ- p-Iƒ F∂pw hnfn-°p∂p. kq£vah - n-iI
- e
- \
- Ø
- n¬ Chbv°v XΩn¬
{]I-S-amb A¥-cw-ImWmw. A∂sØ kaqlw A\p-h¿Øn-®p-t]m∂
sX‰mb BNm-c-ßfpw A\p-jvTm-\-ßfpw Xpd-∂p-Im-´m\pw Ah-cpsS
A‘hpw aqV-hp-amb hnizm-k-ß-fpsS t\sc hnc¬Nq-≠m\pw hnizm-km-
\p-jvTm-\-ß-fpsS cwKØp Ckvemw Fßs\ Hu¬IrjvSyw Im´p∂p F∂v
t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øm-\p-amWv a°o-kq-dØv apJy-ambpw e£yw sh®n-´p-≈Xv.
kmaq-ln-I-cw-KsØ sshIr-X-ßsf Nq≠n-°m´n Xncp-Øm-\mhiy-s∏-Sp-
Ibpw kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ aln-am-hp-Isf {]Io¿Ø\w sNbvXv Ahsb
A\p-k-cn-°m-\-`y¿Yn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-bmWv a°o kqd-Øp-Iƒ. Icp-
Wm-\n-[nbpw k¿h-i-‡-\p-amb GIssZh-Øn¬ AN-©-e-amb hnizmkw
kq£n-°p-hm\pw A√m-lp-hns‚ k∂n-[n-bn¬ a\p-jy-Po-hnXw Hcp ka¿∏-
W-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-Wh. kXy-thZ
Øns‚ Xncp-h-pZ-b-Øn¬ Ak-ln-jvWp-°-fmb ]g-©≥ hnizm-kn-I-fn¬
\n∂p-≠m-Ip∂ B{I-a-W-߃ kln-°p-hm-\p≈ a\x-I-cpØv hnizm-k-
Zm¿Vyw-sIm≠v kam¿÷n-°-W-sa∂pw a°o-kq-d-Øp-Iƒ DZvtLm-
jn-°p∂p.
a\x-ip-≤-n sIm≠pw sXfn™ e£y-t_m-[w-sIm≠pw Pzen-°p∂
A·n-im-e-I-fmbn Hmtcm kXy-hn-izm-knbpw amdn-h-c-W-sa∂ Blzm-\-
amWv lnPvd° - p-ti-ja
- p≈ aZ-\o-kq-dØ
- p-If- n¬ apg-ßn-t°ƒ°p-∂Xv. Ah-
b-Jn-ehpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS [¿a˛-I¿a-ß-fn-tebv°v hnc¬Nq-≠p-∂-h-
bmWv. F°m-eØpw kmaq-ln-I-bm-Ym¿Yy-߃ I≠pw hne-bn-cp-Øn-bp-
amWv ssZhnI hN- p-Iƒ Ah-Xo¿Æ-am-hm-sd∂v ImWm≥ Ignbpw. aÆn-
en-cp∂v am\-Øvt\m°n kz]v\w-Im-Wp∂ tIh-em-Z¿i-hm-Z-Øns‚ ambm-
Nn-{X-ß-sfm∂pw Jp¿-B-\n-en√.
Pohn-X-Øns‚ B[m-c-ine, km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-tS≠ hn`m-hn-X-
e£yw, A\p-h¿Øn-°-s∏-tS-≠- N-cy-Iƒ, k¿th-iz-c-t\mSpw ka-jvSn-tbm-
Sp-ap≈ IS-∏mSv˛Ch kw_-‘n® sXfn™ ImgvN-∏m-sSm-∂p-an-√msX,
eKm-\n-√mØ IpXn-c-I-sf-t∏mse Ftßm-s´-∂n-√msX ]m™p-t]m-Ip∂
Hc‘-k-aq-l-sØ-bmWv {]hm-N-I≥ am‰n-sb-Sp-ØXv. tKm{X-{]-i-kvXnbpw
IpSpw-_-a-ln-abpw s]cp-∏n-s®-SpØ D®-\o-N-Xz-ßfpw hn{`m-¥-amb coXn-
bn¬ sIm≠m-Sn-t∏m∂ _nw_m-cm-[-\bpw aZy-]m\w, NqXm´w XpS-ßn-b-
hbpw D—rw-J-e-amb ssewKn-Im-cm-P-IXzhpw hnIr-X-am-°nb Hcp -{]m-IrX
kaqlw˛ap‰Øv sImSn-\m´n AIwIY hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p∂ thiym-Kr-l-
߃˛kz]n-Xm-hns‚ `mcy-am-sc-t∏mepw th´p-I-gn-bp∂ {]mIr-XXzw˛ASn-
a-∏-Wnbpw sIm≈-∏-en-ibpw Xmf-sam-cp-°nb Imew˛Im´p-\o-Xn-Iƒ sImSn-
]-d-Øp∂ B {]mIrX kaq-l-Øn¬ am‰-Øns‚ sImSp-¶m-‰-gn-®p-hn-´Xv
kXy-th-Z-{K-Ÿ-am-bn-cp∂p.
38 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
5 ÿm\Øv ]nXm-hn-s\-t∏m-se- a-s‰m-cmƒ°v Pohn-°p-hm≥ km≤y-a√. Ip´n-
hnip-≤n-bpsS ssII-fn¬ hnf-ºnb
arX-Po-h\n
hn Øn¬ hr£-an-cn-°p∂p. AsXmcp Poh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb kXy-amWv.
F∂m¬ hnØv apf-bv°p-∂-Xn\pw hr£w hf-cp-∂-Xn\pw klm-b-I-amb
kml-N-cy-ß-fm-h-iy-amWv. `qan shSp-∏m°n ]mI-s∏-Sp-Øepw sh≈hpw
hf-hp-taIn ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°epw XWepw Ipfncpw \¬In ]cn-c-£n-°epw
IoS-\m-in-\n-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v {]Xn-tcm-[n-°epw thenbpw XS-bp-sam-cp°n
kpc-£n-XXzw kΩm-\n-°epw hr£-Øns‚ hf¿®bv-°p≈ kml-N-cy-ß-
fmWv. kml-N-cy-ß-fn-ep≈ Ipdhv hf¿®-bpsS A]q¿Æ-X-bv°v Imc-W-am-
bn-Øo-cp∂p. I¿j-Is‚ \nXm¥ Pm{K-Xbpw Imtem-Nn-X-amb c£m-hr-
Øn-Iƒ°v Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p.
hy‡n-I-fpsS IY CXn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvX-a√. Poh-k-‘m-c-W-Øn\v
hmbp AXym-h-iy-am-sW-¶nepw hmbp-sIm-≠p-am{Xw Pohn-°pI km≤y-
a√. Pohn-°pI, hf-cpI, F∂o ]Z-߃°v AXn-hn-]p-e-amb A¿Y-X-e-ß-
fp≠v. {i≤m-]q¿h-amb ]cn-N-c-W-Øn-eqsS am{Xsa hy‡n-Xz-hn-Imkw
km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp≈q. c£m-I¿Øm-°fpw Km¿lnI kml-N-cy-
ßfpw kmaq-ln-Im-¥-co-£hpw hy‡n-bpsS hf¿®-bn¬ \n¿Æm-b-I-amb
kzm[o\w sNep-Øp∂p.
P∑-Zm-Xmhv F∂-Xn-∂-∏pdw amXm-hn\v Ip´n-bpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ AXn-
{]-[m-\-amb ]¶p≠v. ""amXrXzw Znhy-amWv. ico-c-h-f¿®-bvs°m∏w Ip´n-
bpsS Bflob hnIm-k-Øns‚ A¶pcw apf-∏n-°p-∂Xv Ah-cmWv.'' F∂
hnth-Im-\-µ-hmWn ChnsS D≤-c-Wm¿l-amWv. \msf Ip´n-bn¬ hnI-kz-c-
am-th≠ sshIm-cnI hf¿®-bv°-\p-tcm-[-amb ASn-∏-S-shm-cp-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv
A°m-e-ØmWv. inip-hns‚ a\- n¬ kp]vX-am-bn-°n-S-°p∂ \nc-h[n LS-
I-ß-fp≠v. kvt\l-a-bn-bmb Hc-Ωbv°v am{Xsa Ahsb sXm´p-W¿Øm≥
Ignbq. kzc-N-e-\-ß-fnepw lmh-`m-h-ß-fn-ep-sa√mw amXr-km-∂n≤yw A]-
cn-ta-b-amb kzm[o\w sNep-Øp∂p. kvt\l-Øns‚ Aar-X-h¿jw-sIm≠v
Ip´n-bpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ kap¬Ir-„-hn-Im-c-ß-fpsS a[p-c-h-k¥w hnf-bn-
°m-\mh-iy-amb cwK-k÷ - o-Ic - Ww amXm-hmWv km[n-°p-∂Xv. Ch-sbm∂pw
Bkq-{Xn-Xhpw ka-b-_-‘n-Xhpw Hu]-Nm-cn-I-hp-amb hrØn-I-fn-eq-sS-
hnip-≤n-bpsS ssII-fn¬ hnf-ºnb arX-Po- 39
h\n
b√ \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. amXm-hns‚ km∂n-≤yw-sIm-≠p-am{Xw ]qh-Wn-
bp∂ hnIm-k-hr-≤n-I-fm-Wh. AXp-sIm-≠mWv hnNm-c-a-Xn-Iƒ ""\x amXm
ka- Kpcpx'' (amXm-hn\v Xpey-bmb Kpcp-\m-Y-bn√) F∂v ]d-™Xv.
""Dt∏mfw hcptam D∏n-en-´Xv?'' F∂v ]d-™-Xp-t]mse ]nXm-hns‚
bpsS hf¿®-bn¬ amXm-hn-s\m∏w {]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ Htc-bmƒ
]nXm-hmWv. ]nXm-hns‚ s\©n-se -NqSv Ip´n-bpsS hf¿®bv-°m-h-iy-amWv.
Ip´n-bpsS hf¿® Hcp ]qhn-cn-b¬t]m-se-bmWv. AXn∂v Ac-sßm-cp-°m≥
]nXmhv thWw. ""amXm-shm-gp-°p∂ A\n-b-{¥n-X-amb kvt\l-em-f-\-Isf
Btcm-Ky-Ic - a- mb coXn-bn¬ XS-bn´v \nb-{¥n-°p-Ib - mWv ]nXm-hns‚ G‰hpw
henb Npa-Xe'' sb∂v inip-a-\- p-Isf A]-{K-Yn-°p-∂-Xn¬ Gsd {it≤-
b-\mb s]kv‰-temkn kqNn-∏n-®n-´p≠v. amXmhv Ip´n-bn-ep-W¿Øp∂
sshImcnI hf¿®-bvs°m∏w hnNm-c-]-c-amb hnIm-k-Øns‚ XpS°w Ipdn-
°p-∂Xv ]nXm-hmWv. hoSn\v ]pd-sØmcp temI-ap-s≠∂pw AhnsS sshhn-
≤y-am¿∂ "ktN-X-\m-tN-X-\-߃' \nd-™p-\n-ev]p-s≠∂pw amXm-]n-Xm-
°ƒ°p-a∏ - p-dØv ]S¿∂p-\n-ev°p-∂X - mWv Xs‚ Poh-Ip-Spw-_s - a∂pw Ah≥
ImWp∂p. {]Ir-Xn-bpsS hnkvab - c - l
- k- y-ßf
- psS {]]-©Ø - n-tebv°v Ht∂-
¥n-t\m-°m≥ Ahs\ ]tcm-£-ambn t{]cn-∏n-°p∂ Znhy-hr-Øn-bpsS
\n¿h-l-W-amWv ]nXmhv km[n-°p-∂Xv.
Ip´n ho´n¬\n∂pw amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬\n∂pw Nne-sX√mw a\- n-em-
°n-sh-®n-´p≠v. AXn-∂-∏p-dØv Iptd-°qSn AwK-kw-Jy-bp-ff Hcp IpSpw-_-
ap-s≠∂pw ]pd-sØ- temIw Iptd-°qSn hep-Xm-sW∂pw Ah≥ a\- n-em-
°p-∂Xv hnZym-e-b-Po-hn-X-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv. Ah-\n¬ {]IrXn Hfn-
∏n®psh®n-´p≈ kn≤n-Ifpw km≤y-X-Ifpw Is≠Øn Ahsb t{]mPz-en-
∏n®v ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-h-cp-∂Xv A≤ym-]-I-cmWv. P∑m-bØ hmk-\-Iƒ°-
\p-k-c-W-ambn Ahs\ hf¿Øn hep-Xm-°p-∂Xpw Ah¿Xs∂. Ahs‚
Ipcp∂p a\- nse inYne hnNm-cß - sf ⁄m\˛hn⁄m-\ß - f - psS AarXw
Xfn®v sXgp-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-∂Xpw Ahs‚ hnizm-kß - ƒ°pw ho£-Wß - ƒ°pw
sXfn®w \¬Ip-∂Xpw hnZym-eb - a- mWv. ]pdw-tem-Is - Ø-°p-dn-®p≈ Adnhpw
A\p-`-hhpw kΩm-\n-°p∂ hnZym-`ym-k-Imew Hcp hy‡n-bpsS Pohn-X-
Ønse kp{]-[m-\-amb Ime-b-f-hmWv. ""BNm-cycpw kXo¿Yycpw kΩm-
\n-°p∂ Adnhpw A\p-`-hhpw A\-h-Zy-amWv'' F∂v Sn.F¬. hmkzm\n
kqNn-∏n-®Xv A¿Y-]q¿W-amWv.
Hcp ]pgp ie-`-ambn cq]m-¥cw {]m]n-°p-∂Xv \nc-h-[n- \m-fp-Iƒ
"]yq∏'°p≈n-en-cp∂v X]- -\p-jvTn-®n-´m-sW∂v Poh-imkv{Xw \sΩ ]Tn-∏n-
°p∂p. AXp-t]mse H∂p-a-dn-bmØ, H∂pw sXfn-®p-Im-´m-\m-hmØ Hcp
Ip´n hmk-\m-kn-≤n-I-fpsS hnI-kz-c-X-sIm≠v ka-{K-hn-Imkw {]m]n®
Hcp henb a\p-jy-\mbn amdp-∂-Xn∂v hnZym-e-b-sa∂ ]yq∏-°p-≈nse
PohnXw A\n-hm-cy-sa∂v kqNn-∏n-°mØ Zm¿i-\n-I-∑m-cn√.
_mly-tem-I-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ hn]p-e-amb Ah-t_m[w Hcp-h-\n¬
hf¿Øp-∂Xv kaq-l-amWv. kaq-l-Ønse hyXykvX P\-]-Z-߃ A\p-
jvTn-®p-t]m-cp∂ BNm-c-k-{º-Zm-b-ßfpw Pohn-X-co-Xn-Ifpw hnizm-k-ßfpw
40 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
kwkvIm-c-ßfpw \mK-cn-I-Xbpw kw`m-j-W-ssi-en-Iƒt]mepw hy‡n-
bn¬ kw{I-an-°p∂p. Hcp-h-\nse kn≤n-Iƒ°pw hmk-\-Iƒ°pw {]Xn-Iq-
e-amb A¥-co-£-amWv Ah≥ Pohn-°p∂ kaq-l-Øn-se-¶n¬ hf-an-√msX
hf-cp∂ sNSn-Iƒt]mse Ahs‚ hy‡nXzw hnfdn hnh¿Æ-am-bn-Øocpw.
hy‡n-bn¬ kaqlw sNep-Øp∂ kzm[o\w A{X-ta¬ i‡hpw {]I-S-
hp-amWv. B´n≥Iq-´-Øn¬ Pohn-°m≥ `mKy-tZm-j-ap-≠mb knwl-°p-´n-
tbmSv \ap-°-\p-Xm]w tXm∂p∂p. hocyw-Im´n [oc-ambn K¿÷n-°p-∂-Xn-
\p-]-Icw Zb-\o-b-ambn Ic-bm≥am-{X-a-dn-bp∂ A`n-i-]vX-\mbn Ah-s\-b-
ßs\ am‰n-bXv Ah≥ hf¿∂ kmaq-lym-¥-co-£-amWv. hfsc km[m-c-W-
amb, A]-cn-jvIr-X-amb Hcp {Kma-Øn¬ hf¿∂ Ip´nbpw B[p-\nI \mK-
cn-IX h¿Æ-°p-\p-k-pI-f-Wn-bn® Hcp \K-c-Øn¬ hf¿∂ Ip´nbpw XΩn-
ep≈ A¥cw hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-∂Xv Ah¿ Pohn® kmaq-lym-¥-co-£-߃
Ah-cn-ep-≠m-°nb kzm[o-\-amWv.
apl-ΩZv ]nd∂p. IÆp Xpd-∂-t∏mƒ ]nXm-hns\ I≠n√. Hcn-°epw
kz]n-Xm-hns\ ImWm-\p≈ `mKyw B IÆp-Iƒ°p-≠m-bn√. apl-ΩZv
P\n-°p-∂-Xn\pw amk-߃°p-apsº apl-Ω-Zns‚ ]nXmhv Cl-temIw
shSn-™n-cp∂p. ]nXm-hn-√m-Ø-Xp-sIm-≠p-≠mb A\m-YXzw apl-Ω-Zns‚
Pohn-XsØ \ocp-W-ßnb sNSn-t]mse \n¿÷o-h-am°n.
A°m-eØv inip-]-cn-N-c-W-Øn¬ Nne {]tXyI k{º-Zm-b-߃
Atd-_y-bn¬ \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Ah-bn-sem∂v, Ipeo\ IpSpw-_-ß-
fn¬ P\n-°p∂ Ip´n-Isf ape-bq´n hf¿Øm≥ {KmaoW kv{XoIsf Gev]n-
°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p. hniz-kvX-X-bn¬ Io¿Øn-tI´ _\qk AvZv tKm{X-
Ønse kv{XoIƒ Ip´n-I-sf-b-t\z-jn-®p-sIm≠v a°-bnse Ipeo-\-Ip-Spw-
_-ßsf kao-]n-°m-dp≠v. Ah¿ Ip´n-Isf Gs‰-SpØv sIm≠p-t]mIpw.
kº-∂-Ip-Spw-_-Ønse Ip´n-I-sf-bmWv Ah-tcsd CjvS-s∏-SpI. Ah-
cn¬\n∂v In´p∂ Af-h‰ ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-ß-fmWv AXn∂v t{]cIw. AXp-
sIm≠v apl-Ω-Zns\ sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥ Bcpw Xøm-dm-bn√. HSp°w a‰p-Ip-
´n-Isf In´msXh∂-t∏mƒ leoa F∂ kv{Xo apl-Ω-Zns\ Iq´n {Kma-Øn-
ep≈ kzh-k-Xn-bn-tebv°v sIm≠p-t]mbn. c≠psIm√w apl-ΩZv AhnsS
Ign™p. c≠p-sIm-√sØ ]cn-N-c-W-Øn-\p-tijw leoa apl-Ω-Zn-s\bpw
Iq´n Ban-\-bpsS ho´n-seØn. amc-I-amb GtXm ]I¿®-hym[n a°-bn-
emsI `ojWn Db¿Ønb Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. ]I¿®-hym[n `b∂v
Ban\ Ip´nsb leo-a-bpsS ssII-fn¬Øs∂ ho≠p-ta-ev]n®v Xncn-®-
b®p.
Aßs\ ssiihw Gdn-b-]¶pw ]n∂n´ (A©m-asØ hb- n¬)
Ime-ØmWv apl-ΩZv kz¥w amXm-hns‚ ssII-fn-te-s°-Øp-∂Xv. amXm-
hns‚ ]cn-em-f-\-ta‰v hf-cm≥ apl-Ω-Zn\v Gsd `mKy-ap-≠m-bn√. Ban\,
apl-Ω-Zns\ Xo¿Øpw A\m-Y-\m-°n-s°m≠v A¥y-izmkw hen®p. amXm-
hn\v Xpeyw hf¿ØpamXm-hmb leo-abpw ]nXm-hn\p Xpeyw ]nXm-a-l-
\mb A_vZp¬ apØ-en_pw ]ns∂ ]nXr-hy-\mb A_q-Xzm-en_pw apl-
Ω-Zns\ ]cn-c-£n-®p-sh-¶nepw bYm¿Y amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS ]cn-N-c-W-°p-
dhv apl-Ω-Zns‚ Pohn-XsØ kmc-ambn _m[n-®n-cp∂p.
hnip-≤n-bpsS ssII-fn¬ hnf-ºnb arX-Po- 41
h\n
C∂v \mw ]cn-N-bn-®p-t]m-cp∂ coXn-bn-ep≈ hnZym-e-b-߃ A∂p-
≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw AØcw Bh-iy-߃ km[n-®p-t]m∂ Hu]-Nm-cnI
kmaq-ly- ÿm-]-\-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sm≥t]mepw apl-Ω-Zn\v `mKy-ap-
≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. A£-cw-t]m-ep-a-dn-bmØ Hcp km[m-cW Pohn-X-Øns‚ DS-
a-bmbn apl-ΩZv hf¿∂p.
Xmf-{I-a-ß-sfm∂pw kq£n-®p-t]m-∂n-´n-√mØ kaqlw A‘hpw
aqV-hp-amb BNm-ch - n-izm-kß
- ƒt]mepw "D∏p-Iq-´msX' A\p-`h - n®pw A\p-
k-cn-®pw-t]m∂ PUn-I-amb Hcp P\-]Zw. BSp-ta-bv°epw tZim-¥-c-ß-
fn¬sN∂v I®-hSw sNø-ep-am-bn-cp∂p apJy-sXm-gn¬. GsX-¶nepw Adn-b-
s∏-Sp∂ Nn¥m-[m-c-I-fpsS h‡m-°tfm A\p-Km-Xm-°tfm Iem-]-chpw
kmt¶-Xn-I-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-´p-I-gn-bp-∂-htcm A°m-e-Ø-[n-I-ap-≠m-bn-
cp-∂n√. \n -lm-b-X-sIm-≠m-sW-¶nepw AXo-h-e-fn-X-am-bn-cp∂p apl-Ω-
Zns‚ PohnXw. F∂m¬ ]pd-Øp-I≠ `uXnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ Xnf-°-Øn¬
At±- l - s am- c n- ° epw BIr- j v S - \ m- b n- c p- ∂ n√. Pohn- ° m- \ m- h - i y- a mb
`£Ww˛AXm-bn-cp∂p apl-Ω-Zns‚ XXz-imkv{Xw. ""hni-°p-∂-Xp-hsc
`£n-°p-I-bn√; `£n-°p-tºmƒ hbdv \nd-bp-I-bp-an√.'' {]hm-N-I≥ Xs∂
Xs‚ Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn®v ]n¬°m-eØv Hcn-°-en-ßs\ ]d-™n-´p≠v.
Xs‚ {]mb-Øn-ep≈ bphm-°ƒ Ifnbpw Xam-ibpw ]m´pw-Iq-Øp-
ambn ASn®pw ckn®pw Ign-™n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ apl-ΩZv Ah-bn¬\n-s∂√mw
AI∂pIgn™p. F∂mepw kmº-Øn-I-ambn hnj-an-°p∂ Xs‚ ]nXr-
hys\ klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn¬ D’p-I-\m-bn-cp∂ apl-ΩZv Ign-bp∂ tPmen-I-
tfXpw sNøm≥ {]mb-]q¿Øn-bm-hp-∂-Xn∂v aptº-Xs∂ k∂-≤-\m-bn-
cp∂p. Aß-s\-bmWv apl-ΩZv Xs‚ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ BSp-am-Sp-Isf
tabv°p∂ tPmen-bm-cw-`n-®Xv. ]n∂o-sSm-cn-°¬ {]hm-NI - ≥ Cß\ ]d™p:
""aqkm {]hm-N-I-\mbn \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´p
At±lw BSp-Isf tabv®n-cp∂p.
ZmhqZv {]hm-N-I-\mbn \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´p
At±-lhpw BSp-Isf tabv®n-cp∂p.
BSp-Isf tabv°mØ Hcp {]hm-N-I-s\bpw
A√mlp \ntbm-Kn-®n-´n√.''
apl-Ω-Zns‚ Pohn-X-Øn¬ Adnhpw A\p-`-h-ßfpw tImcn \nd-
bv°m≥ IqSn Cu sXmgn¬ klm-b-I-am-bn-´p≠v. A\-¥-hn-kvXr-X-amb
{]]©w. AXn-e-[n-h-kn-®p -a-cn-°p∂ At\-I-tImSn sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb
krjvSn-Pm-eß - ƒ. hnhn[ {]Ir-X° - m-cmb a\p-jy¿˛kzc-Ne - \
- ß
- f - n¬ Ah¿
{]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂ sshNn-{Xy-߃. sshPm-Xy-am¿∂ BNm-c-k-{º-Zm-b-
߃˛ImSp-Ifpw taSp-Ifpw ]p¬∏-S¿∏p-Ifpw acp-∏-d-ºp-Ifpw acp-∏-d-ºnse
kz¿§ J-fiw-t]m-ep≈ acp-∏-®-Iƒ. ]I¬t\-cØv {]Im-i-sam-gp°n sh´n-
Øn-f-ßp∂ kqcy≥. cm{Xn-bnse Ipfncpw \nemhv s]øp∂ N{µ\pw an∂n-
Øn-f-ßp∂ \£-{X-ßfpw A\p-{Iaw h∂pw-t]m-bpw-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ Zn\-
cm-{X-߃˛Aß-s\-sbm-cm-bncw hkvXp-X-Iƒ, hnNn-{Xm-\p-`-h-߃˛apl-
Ω-Zns‚ a\- n¬ \nd™p hgn™p.
I®-hSkwL-Ønse AwK-ambn tZim-¥-c-ß-fn-tebv°v k©-cn-®-
42 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw hnip-≤n-bpsS ssII-fn¬ hnf-ºnb arX-Po- 43
h\n
t∏mƒ A\p-`-h-k-º-∂-\mb Hcp apl-ΩZv cq]-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. amXm-hn- I-fn¬ samgn-ap-Øp-Iƒ h¿jn®p. B ssII-fn¬ thZ-{KŸw kΩm-\n®p.
s‚bpw ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw hnZym-e-b-Øn-s‚bpw Ipdhv apl-Ω-Zn¬ hen- apl-ΩZv dkq-embn. hnip-≤-amb ssII-fn¬ hnf-º-s∏´ arX-Po-h-\n-bmWv
sbmcp Ipd-hm-bn-Ø-s∂-b-h-ti-jn-®p-sh-¶nepw kaq-l-sa∂ BNm-cy≥ Jp¿-B≥.
alm-\p-`-h-ß-sf∂ hc-Zm-\-Øn-eqsS apl-Ω-Zns‚ hnNm-c-]-chpw ho£-W- X\n°v t_m≤y-amb, X∂n-e-h-Xo¿Æ-amb \qX-\- Po-hn-X-Z¿i-\-hp-
]-ch
- p-amb hf¿®-bn¬ Ak-Zr-ia - mb ]¶p-hl- n-®n-´p≠v. apl-ΩZ- n\v ssIh∂ ambn At±lw BZy-am-bn-s®-∂Xv kz¥w IpSpw-_-k-Z- n-te-°mWv. hn\-
amXmhpw ]nXmhpw ]mT-im-ebpw kaq-l-am-bn-cp∂p. Ahn-sS-\n∂p e`n® b-]q¿∆w AX-hnsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-t∏mƒ Xs‚ IpSpw-_mw-K-߃ AXns\
sshNn-{Xy-am¿∂ A\p-`h - ß
- ƒ apl-ΩZ- ns‚ alm-Nm-cy-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p. HmXn- GI-kz-c-Øn-se-Xn¿Øp. apl-ΩZv ImWn® [n°m-csØ s]mdp-°m-\m-hn-
∏-Tn® Imcy-ß-f√ apl-Ω-Zns‚ s]mXp-hn-⁄m\w. {]XypX I≠pw tI´pw s√∂v Ah-c-dn-bn®p. apl-Ω-Zn\v BZy-am-b-\p-`-h-s∏´ I\Ø BLm-X-am-
]cn-N-bn® A\p-`-h-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p. Xs‚ hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ hf¿®bv°v bn-cp∂p AXv. Xs‚ Bfl-tc-Wp-°ƒ hnf-bn-s®-SpØ B hnip≤ Z¿i-\-
amXmhpw ]nXmhpw hnZym-eb - hpw kzm[o-\X sNep-Øn-bn-s√-¶nepw temIm- tØmSv At±-l-Øn\v sX√p-t]mepw Ah-aXn tXm∂n-bn√. Ak-ly-X-
\p-`-h-ß-fpsS alm-≤ym-]\w apl-Ω-Zns‚ hnNm-c-hn-izm-k-ß-fn¬ hºn® bpsS Aa¿Øn-∏n-Sn® hnIm-c-hp-ambn kZ v \n»-–X kq£n®p. At∂cw
am‰-ap-≠m°n. Hcp sNdp-_m-e≥˛Dt±iw ]Øv hb- p-ImWpw˛Fgp-t∂-‰p-\n∂p Xs‚
F∂m¬ A°m-es - Øm∂pw Adn-bs - ∏-Sp∂ Nn¥m-[m-cI - ƒ, kmwkvIm- kt¥m-jhpw ]n¥p-W-bp-a-dn-bn®p. kZ v hnkva-b-hn-h-i-am-b-Xp-t]mse,
cnI khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ˛apl-Ω-Zn¬ kzm[o\w sNep-Øn-b-Xm-bn-∏-d-™p- (]n¬°m-eØv Ckvem-anI Z¿i-\-Øns‚ t{]m÷ze {]Xo-I-ambn {]`m-
IqSm. A∂v ]pdw-tem-IØv i‡-amb kzm[o-\X kq£n-®p-t]m∂ kwkvIm- kn® Aen-bm-bn-cp∂p AXv.) B kw`-hsØ Zm¿i-\n-I-\mb Im¿te¬
c-ß-fn¬ Nne-XmWv {Ko°v kwkvIm-cw, PqX kwkvImcw, {InkvXy≥ Xs‚ F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Cßs\ hnti-jn-®n-´p≠v:
kwkvImcw, skmdm-kv{Sn-b≥ kwkvImcw XpS-ßn-bh. Ch-sb-°p-dn- "
s®m∂pw ]Tn-°m\pw hni-I-e\w sNøm\pw apl-Ω-Zn\v km[n-®n-´n√. AXn-
\m¬ Ah-sbm∂pw At±-l-Øn¬ t\¿Ø kzm[o-\w-t]mepw sNep-Øn-b- '
Xmbn Icp-Xm≥ hø. AXp-sIm≠v ap≥[m-c-W-Ifpw ]c-Iob kzm[o-\-X- (B sIm®p ssI henb ssItbmsSm∏w tN¿∂p. AXv Ncn-{X-KXn
Ifpw ssI]n-Sn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]mb H‰-b-Sn-∏m-X-bn-eq-sS-b√ apl-ΩZv k©-cn- BsI am‰n.)
®Xv. hy‡n-Ifpw ÿm]-\-ßfpw h¿Æw tN¿Ø am\-kn-I-`m-h-ß-tfm-sS- ambw Ie¿∂v, X\na \jvS-s∏´, Zp zm-[o-\-X-Iƒ°p hnt[-b-amb
b√ apl-ΩZv {]iv\-ß-sfbpw {]Xn-`m-k-ß-sfbpw hne-bn-cp-Øn-bXv. apXn¿∂ a\- p-Iƒ°v Xo¿Øpw A]-cn-Nn-Xhpw Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-hp-amb
AXp-sIm≠v, Xs‚ hnNm-c-Øn\pw hni-I-e-\-Øn\pw Xt‚-Xmb, auen-I- {]hm-NI hN- p-I-fpƒs°m-≈m≥ Ign-bm™Xv Hcp hnkva-b-a√. Aen-
amb, kzX-{¥-amb hnip-≤n-tbm-ep∂ \b-k-ao-]-\-ß-fp-≠mbn. {]]-©- bpsS \njvI-f-¶X \nd™ a\- n\v AXn-t\m-Sm-`n-ap-Jy-ap-≠m-sb-¶n¬
Ønse {]Xn-`m-k-ß-sfms° i_vZ-ambpw Zriy-ambpw X∂n-sem-gpIn AXn-sem-´m-›-cy-hp-an√.
\nd™ alm-hn-kva-b-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p. Cu alm-¤p-X-ß-fpsS ]nd-Inse
ImcI i‡n-sb-°p-dn®v, IrXym-¥-c-߃°n-S-bnepw Hcp \nanjw Hm¿Øp-
t]m-Ip-∂Xv kzm`m-hn-I-ambn. B hn-kva-b-ßsf hni-Ie\w sNøm\pw
Ah-bpsS Bg-∏-c-∏p-I-f-f-°m-\p-ap≈ am]n-\n-Ifpw Ahsb Aæ-ip-≤n-
sNbvXv kXy-tim-[\ \S-Øm-\p≈ cmk-]-Zm¿Y-ßfpw apl-Ω-Zn\v Bcpw
kΩm-\n-®n-cp-∂n√. hnNm-c-tem-I-Øn¬ Xs∂ hgn-\-bn-°m≥ Bcp-ap-≠m-
bn-cp-∂n√. Xs‚ BSp-Iƒ°v ]pXnb ta®n¬∏p-d-ßfpw tXSn apt∂m´v \S-
°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂ apl-ΩZv Nn¥-bpsS cwK-Øpw ]pXnb ]pXnb ta®n¬∏p-
d-ß-f-t\z-jn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. lndm-Kp-l-bnse AI-Ø-f-Øn-en-cp∂psIm-
≠-\p-jvTn® \nkvX-{µ-amb X]- ns‚ {]k‡n Chn-sS-bmWv sXfn-™p-
h-cp-∂Xv.
kmwkvIm-cn-Ihpw \mK-cn-Ihpw aX-]-c-hp-amb kzm[o-\-X-I-tf-Xp-an-
√msX, ap≥[m-c-W-Ifpw ]cx-kzm-[o-\-X-Ifpw Nß-e-°p-cp-°p-I-fn-SmØ
Imep-I-tfmsS apl-ΩZv apt∂m-´p-\oßn. F√m-a-dn-bp∂ ssZhw apl-
ΩZns\ Is≠Øn. {]hm-N-I-Xz-Øn\v apl-Ω-Znepw sXfn™ hna-e-{]-`m-
h-an-b∂ as‰mcp hy‡n-XzsØ Is≠-ØpI {]bm-k-am-bn-cp∂p. B ImXp-
44 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw k¿hm-Xn-im-bn-bmb thZ{KŸw 45

c-Øn-s\mcp ]nXmhv, sÃbn-‰n-s\mcp Kh¿W¿. Hmtcm cmjv{S-Øn\pw Htcm

cmjv{S-]Xn˛Cu hkvXp-X-Iƒ \sΩ \bn-°p-∂Xv t\Xr-Xz-Øns‚ A\n-
hm-cy-X-bn-te-°mWv. I≠-dn™p \bn-°m-s\m-cm-fn-s√-¶n¬ Hcp {]ÿm-
\hpw apt∂m´p \oßp-I-bn√.

6 {]]©w F{X Nn´-bnepw {Ia-]q¿h-I-hp-am-bmWv kv]µn-°p-∂Xv,

Nen-°p-∂Xv! Bbn-cØ - m-≠p-If
- mbn ]ng-°msX, AXv A\p-kyqXw XpS¿∂p-
sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p∂p! CsXms° BI-kvanIw F∂v ]d-bm≥]-‰ptam?
CsXms° bmZr—nI kw`-hßsf∂v Ae-£y-am-bn, A\m-bmkw hnti-
jn-∏n-°mtam? a\p-jys‚ ]ndhn BI-kvan-Ihpw bm-Zr-—n-I-hp-am-sW-¶n¬
k¿hm-Xn-im-bn-bmb thZ-{KŸw Ahs‚ AkvXn-Xzhpw A\p-`-h-ß-fp-sa√mw BI-kvan-I-X-IƒsIm≠v
A]-lm-ky-am-bn-Øo-cp-am-bn-cp∂p. ]t£, hnth-I-im-en-Ifpw hnNm-c-a-Xn-
Ifpw Pohn-XsØ t\m°n A¿Y-iq\yw F∂v A]-l-kn-®n-´n√. kKu-chw
Ckvemw F∂ Ad_n ]Z-Øn\v kam-[m\w, Iogvh-W°w, ka¿∏Ww XpS- hni-I-e\w sNø-s∏-tS≠ k¶o¿Whpw Zp¿t⁄-bhp-amb Hcp {]Xn-`m-k-
ßnb A¿Y-t`-Z-ß-fp≠v. ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂n¬ kzbw ka¿∏n-°p-I
amWv PohnXw. ( F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Zm¿i-\n-I\ - mb Ae-Ikv nkv
F∂mWv Cu ]Zw hnh-£n-°p-∂Xv. {XnI-c-W-ß-sf-s°m≠pw Cu hnizm-
Imtd¬ C°mcyw F{X hiy-amb coXn-bn-em-Wm-hn-jvI-cn-®n-´p-≈Xv!) Pohn-
ksØ km£m¬°-cn-°m≥ {ian-°p-∂-h-\mWv apkvenw. A\p-k-c-W-a-
X-]q¿W-Xsb kw_-‘n-°p∂ ]T\ ]cn-{i-a-ß-fn¬ Hcp Kpcp-hns‚
Jnew A√m-lp-hn-\¿∏n-°p-∂-h≥, A√m-lp-hn-s\-am{Xw bP-am-\\pw D-S-
km∂n[yw A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-am-sW∂v `mc-Xob hnNm-c-a-Xn-Iƒ {]mam-Wn-
abpw hn[n-I¿Ømhpw Bcm-[y-\-p-am-bw-Ko-I-cn-°p-∂-h≥, Xs∂ ]cn-]q¿W-
I-am-bn-Øs∂ ka¿Yn-®n-´p≠v. Hcp-h≥ F{X {]K-¤-\m-bmepw, a\p-jy-kn-
ambn ssZh-Øn\v ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v Ahs‚ hn[n-hn-e-°p-I-f-\p-k-cn®v
≤n-I-fp-sSbpw imkv{X-Øn-s‚bpw Ie-I-fp-sSbpw Xe-Øn¬ Hcp-h-s\{X
Pohn-°p-∂h - ≥ Fs∂m-s°-bmWv Hcp apkven-ans\ hnti-jn-∏n-°m≥ km[n-
kap-∂X - \
- m-bmepw hgn \bn-°m-s\m-cm-Nm-cy-\n-s√-¶n¬ Xmf-∏n-gbpw am¿K{`w-
°pI. Cu BZ¿i-Øn-s‚bpw Pohn-Xs - si-en-bp-sSbpw t]cm-Ip∂p Ckvemw.
ihpw Ahs‚ Pohn-XsØ hnI-e-am-°p-∂-Xm-bn-°mWmw.
CXp -X-s∂-bm-bn-cp∂p a\p-tjym-ev]-Øn-ap-X¬ temI-Øns‚ hnhn-[-`m-K-
Cu cwKØv Jp¿-B≥ Hcp hgn-hn-f-°mWv. a\p-jy-\n-em-th-in® tZh-
ß-fnepw P\-k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fnepw kam-K-X-cmb {]hm-N-I-∑m-sc√mw {]t_m-
`m-h-amWv a‰v aX-Z¿i-\-߃°v cq]w \¬In-b-sX-¶n¬, apl-Ω-Zns\ \na-
[n-∏n-®Xv. Ime-Øn-s\m∏w \S-∂p-\o-ßm≥ Ign-bp∂, Imem-Xn-h¿Øn-bmb
nØ-am-°n-s°m≠v A√m-lp-X∂ hgn \bn-°p-I-bm-Wn-hnsS. a\p-jy-Po-hn-
ku`m-Kyhpw \nXy-\q-X-\-Xz-hp-amWv Jp¿-Bs‚ khn-ti-j-X-Iƒ. am\-h-
X-Øns‚ kq£vahpw ka-{K-hp-amb Xe-߃ ChnsS bYm-XYw hni-I-
Po-hn-X-{]-IrXn F{X NSp-e-ambn amdn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂mepw AXXv Ime-L-´-
e\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂p (ssZh-Øns‚ Ah-Xm-c-am-bmWv {ioIr-jvW≥ Iev]n-
Øn-∂m-h-iy-amb D]-Z¿i\w Jp¿-B-\n¬ \¬I-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-Xmbn hnNm-
°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. `K-hm≥ IrjvW≥ A¿÷p-\s\ \nan-Ø-am-°n-s°m≠v {]]-
c-a-Xn-Iƒ Is≠-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p.
©-c-l-ky-ß-sfms° temI-tØmSv {]t_m-[n-∏n-®-t∏mƒ cq]wsIm≠-
ssZhw˛BZn-Iµw˛aqe-Im-cWw am{X-a-s√∂pw Ah≥ {k„mhpw
XmWv `K-h-ZvKoX F∂ hkvXpX ChnsS kvacn-°-Ø-°-XmWv.) a\p-jy\v
kwhn-[m-b-I\pw ]cn-c-£-I\pw \nb-¥m-hp-am-sW∂pw BIm-i-`q-an-I-fpsS
ssZh-tØmSpw ka-{k-jvS-ß-tfm-Sp-ap≈ [¿Ω ZuXy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Jp¿-
ISn-™m¨ Ahs‚ ]°-em-sW∂pw Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°p∂p. Ckvemw
B≥ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p∂p. ]q¿W-X-bn-te-°p≈ t\cmw-h-gn-Im´n AXv a\p-jy-
Hcp {]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-hy-h-ÿ-bmWv. PohnX \ntj-[-Øn-s‚tbm hc-
]-Y-Øn¬ {]Imiw sNmcn-bp∂p. a\p-jys‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw (Aam-\Øv)
´p-hm-Z-Øn¬s∏-´p-g-ep∂ k¶o¿W-Z¿i-\-ß-fp-sStbm Hcp aX-a-√nXv. {]Ir-
AXyp-Zm-Ø-am-sW∂pw Aew-L-\o-b-am-sW∂pw Jp¿-B≥ A\p-kva-cn-∏n-
Xnsb Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp∂, Cuiz-cs‚ A\n-tj-[y-km-∂n-[y-Øn¬ Ckvemw
°p∂p. \hw-\-h-ß-fmb Bi-b-߃ hnf-bn-s®-Sp-°m\pw AXv ssItamiw
Dd®p hniz-kn-°p∂p. {]Ir-Xn-bp-ambn CW-ßnbpw ka-c-k-s∏´pw A`n-c-
hcmsX hcpw Xe-ap-d°v ssIam-dm\pw a\p-jy≥ IS-s∏-´-h-\mWv. hnin-
an®pw apt∂m-´p-t]m-Im-\mWv Ckvemw B{K-ln-°p-∂Xv. a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-
jvSm-i-b-ß-fpsS ssIam-‰-Øn\pw hyh-l-c-W-Øn-\p-amWv kwkm-c-ti-
bpsS kwkvI-c-Whpw ]qc-Whpw D∂-a-\-hp-amWv Ckvemw \njvI¿jn-°p-
jnbpw teJ\ NmXp-cnbpw ssZhw a\p-jy\v kΩm-\n-®Xv.
∂Xv. kwkvI-c-Wm¿Yw {]Ir-Xn-bpsS kl-P-{]-IrXw am‰m≥ Ckvemw
hmbn-°m\pw Xqen-I-sIm≠v A£cw Ipdn-°m\pw ]Tn-∏n® ssZhw
Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂n√. Xs‚ hnNm-ch - n-izm-kh
- r-Øn-Is- f-s°m≠pw thZ-{KŸw
a\p-jy-cm-i-nbn¬\n∂v CsX√mw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p≠v. hnS-hm-߬ {]kw-K-
\o´n-°m-´p∂ hgn-bn-eq-sSbpw A√m-lp-hns‚ k∂n-[n-bn-te-°p-b-cm≥ a\p-
th-f-bn¬ Ad-^m-a-ebv°v ap∂n¬ kw_-‘n-°m\pw {]hm-N-I-h-N- p-Iƒ
jy\v Ign-b-W-sa∂v Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bm-lzm\w sNøp∂p.
t\cn¬{i-hn-°m\pw Xc-s∏-Sm-Ø-h-tcmSpw ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂ -
IpSpw-_-Øn-s\mcp Xe-h≥, hnZym-e-b-Øn-s\mcp slUvam-ÿ, \K-
hcpwXe-ap-dI - t- fmSpw Xs‚ hm°p-If - d
- n-bn-°W
- s
- a∂v {]hm-NI
- ≥ {]tXyIw
46 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
\n¿t±-in-®-t∏mƒ kwkm-c-ti-jn-bp-sSbpw teJ-\-kn-≤n-bp-sSbpw hcn-jvS-
amb {]tbm-P\w AhnsS Io¿Øn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p.
[¿Ω-t_m[w a\p-jy-\n-e-¶p-cn-∏n-°m≥ {ian® Jp¿-B≥ (91:7,8)
sXm´-SpØv {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p-∂Xv a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Ønse Pb-]-cm-P-b-ß-sf-
°p-dn-®mWv. Pohn-XsØ [¿Ω-\n-jvT-ambn, kwip-≤-am°n kwc-£n-®p-t]m-
cp-∂h- ≥ hnP-bn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw [¿Ω-hn-kvarXn a\p-jys\ ZpxJ-Øn-s‚bpw
]cm-Pb - Ø- n-s‚bpw ]Sp-Ip-gn-bn-em-gvØp-∂p-sh∂pw Jp¿-B≥ Adn-bn-°p∂p.
alm-`m-c-X-Ønse ""btXm-[¿Ω-kvX-tXm-Pb'' F∂ {]kn-≤-amb hN\w
hnNm-c-]-c-amb H∂-Xy-Ønse kPm-Xo-b-Xbv-°p-Zm-l-c-W-ambn h¿Øn-
°p∂p. ""AXns\ (AkvXn-XzsØ) kwip-≤-am-°n-b-h≥ hnP-bn-®n-cn-
°p∂p. AXns\ If-¶-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-h≥ ]cm-P-b-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p.'' (91:9,10)
F∂mWv Jp¿B-\nI hN\w.
AXn-\m¬ thZ-{K-ŸsØ hgn-hn-f-°m-bn-°≠v, am¿§-{`wiw hcmsX
apt∂m-´p-t]m-bm¬ AXv Pohn-X-hn-P-b-Øns‚ km£m¬°m-c-ambn ]cn-W-
an-°p-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥ {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.
kzmX{¥yw AYhm tamN\w F∂Xv Chn-sS-bm-sW∂v sX‰n-≤cn-°-
s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. kzmX{¥yw F∂ ]Zw-sIm≠v \man-∂¿Y-am-°p-∂Xv cmjv{Sob
kzmX-{¥y-sa-∂mWv. XpS¿∂v kmº-ØnI kzmX-{¥yw-IqSn ssIh-cn-
®mte ]q¿W-kzm-X-{¥y-am-hp-∂p-≈p-sh∂pw kzmX-{¥y-hm-Zn-Iƒ ]d-bp-
∂p≠v. hni-∏m-‰pI, Bh-iy-߃ km[n-°p-∂-Xn∂v t]mcp-whn[w kml-N-
cy-߃ `{Zhpw kar-≤-hp-am-°pI˛AXn-eqsS bYm¿Y tamN\w ssIh-cn-
°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂ {]Jym-]-\-hp-am-b-mW-h¿ \oßp-∂Xv. Ahsc t\m°n
A\p-X-]n-®p-sIm≠v, PohnX ]q¿WX AYhm bYm¿Y -tam-N\w km[n-°-
Wsa-¶n¬ Bflob hnIm-k-amWv A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-´p-≈-sX∂pw as‰√mw
AXns‚ ap∂n¬ \n m-c-am-sW∂pw hmZn-°p∂ Bflm-t\z-jn-I-fmb aX-
{]-Nm-c-I-∑m¿ adp-h-iØpw h¿Øn-°p∂p. Ah-cpsS Bflo-b-cw-KsØ
hnImkw ""H‰-bn¬ {_“-]Zw sImXn-°p∂'' Ah-ÿ-tbmfw FØn-\n-
ev°p∂p.
`uXn-I-hcm-`-h-ß-fn¬ \n∂p≈ tamN\ (Xlvco¿)hpw [¿Ωm[n
jvTnX-amb Pohn-X-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ Bflob hnImk(XkvInbm)hpw ka-
\z-bn-®p-sIm-≠p≈ Hcp ]q¿W Z¿i-\-ambn Jp¿-B≥ hncm-Pn-°p∂p. Aß-
s\-bmWv Jp¿-B-\n-tebv°v Rm≥ BI¿jn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
Rm≥ Adn-bm≥ XpSßn
Rm≥ A¤p-X-s∏-Sm≥ XpSßn
Rm≥ A\p-I¿Øm-hmbn amdm≥ XpSßn.
Jp¿-B≥ a‰p aX-{K-Ÿ-ß-sf-t∏mse, Bi-b-ßsf tIh-em-i-b-ß-
fmbn Fs‚ a\- n¬ tImcn-\n-d-bv°m≥ {ian-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂n√. AXy-eu-
In-I-amb A{]-ta-b-{]-`m-hn-em-k-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Aaq¿Øm-i-b-߃
Bh-ln-®p-sIm-≠p-am-bn-cp-∂n√ AsXs‚ ap∂n¬ IS-∂p-h-∂Xv. Jp¿-B≥
Fs∂ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Np‰pw t\m°m-\m-hm-iy-s∏-Sp∂p.
{]]-©-h-kvXp-°-sfbpw {]m]-©nI {]Xn-`m-k-ß-sfbpw \ΩpsS ZrjvSn-
bn¬ sIm≠p-h-cp∂p. Hmtcm-∂n-s‚bpw kwc-N-\-bnepw ]c-kv]c kw_-
k¿hm-Xn-im-bn-bmb thZ{KŸw 47
‘-Ønepw {i≤-bm-I¿jn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. Ah \ΩpsS hnNm-c-tIm-isØ
{]h¿Øn-∏n-°p∂p. a\-\hpw bp‡n-`-{Z-amb Imcym-Im-cy-hn-th-N-\hpw
AhnsS IXn¿sh´w sNmcn-bp∂p. B {]Im-i-h-e-b-Øn¬ ]Xn-scm∂pw
I≠n√. bp‡n \nc-t]-£-ambn H∂pw tXm∂n-bn√. ktµ-l-Øn-s‚bpw
Ahy-‡X - b- p-sSbpw \ng¬∏m-Sp-Iƒ Ahn-sS-sbm∂pw ImWm≥ Ign-™n√.
h\-Ip-ey-bnse sXfn-\o¿t]mse kz—hpw ip≤-hp-am-sW√mw. F√mw ]c-
kv]-cm-{in-Xhpw At\ym\y-]q-c-I-hp-amWv. ]cw-s]m-cp-fns‚ tkmt±-iy-amb,
kt_m-[-amb k¿§-hrØn AhnsS t_m≤y-s∏´p. Ah-sb√mw hgn-\-bn-
®Xv krjvSn-Im-c-I-\mb GI ssZh-Øns‚ ]hn-{X-k-t¶-X-Øn-te-°mWv.
At∏mƒ a\- ns‚ kq£va-tIm-i-ß-fn¬t]mepw kwXr]vXn kw{X-kn-
°p-∂-Xm-bn-tØm∂n. a\- ns\ Ahn-cm-a-ambn Akz-ÿ-am-°n-s°m-≠n-
cp∂ Pn⁄m-k°v ]cn-i-a\w ssIh-∂-t]m-semcp t_m≤yw. GsXmcp
kXy-]-YsØ e£y-am°n {]bm-W-am-cw-`n-®pthm AhnSw kw{]m-]n-®-Xp-
t]m-semcp tXm∂¬, kXy-thZw F∂n-ep-≠m-°nb {]Xn-I-c-W-a-XmWv.
]ns∂-∏ns∂ Fs‚ a\- nse Nn{X-i-e`w Jp¿-B≥ Xpd-∂p-Im-´nb
hk-¥m-cm-a-Øn¬ Np‰n-∏-d-°m≥ {`aw sIm≈p-I-bmbn. Fs‚ Nn¥-I-fn¬
Jp¿-B-\nI hN- p-Iƒ h¿W-®mbw ]pc´n. Fs‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ Ipfn-
cmbpw a[p-c-ambpw h¿Øn-®Xv as‰m-∂m-bn-cp-∂n√. Fs‚ hnNm-c-hn-izm-k-
ß-fn-emsI shfn®w ]I¿∂ thZ-{K-Ÿ-amWv Jp¿-B≥. Fs‚ ho£-W-
Øn\v sshi-Zyhpw Bflob ]cn-th-jhpw kmaq-ly-{]-k-‡nbpw kΩm-
\n-®Xv B thZ-{K-Ÿ-amWv.
{]]-©-Øns‚ krjvSn-I¿Øm-hmb Hcp-h-\p-s≠∂v F√m aX-ßfpw
]Tn-∏n-°p∂p. F∂m¬ kr„n-I¿Øm-hns‚ aln-X-Kp-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw
Ahs‚ I¿Ω-{]-]-©-sØ-°p-dn®pw Ah≥ am{X-am-Wm-cm-[y≥ F∂ alm-
k-Xy-sØ-°p-dn®pw Ckvemw \¬Ip∂ D¬Ir-jvShpw k¿hm-Zr-X-hp-amb
A[ym-]\w as‰mcp aX-{K-Ÿ-Ønepw ImWm≥ km[y-a√. k¿hm-cm-[y≥
AYhm C_m-Z-Øn-\-¿l-\m-b-h≥ ssZhw am{X-am-sW-∂-dn-bn-°p-tºmƒ,
temI-Øn¬ a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ sI´n-s∏m-°nb "k¿hm-cm-[y-X-bpsS I]-S-
th-j-ß'sfms° sI´-gn-™q¿∂p hogp-I-bmWv. X´p-I-fn-√mØ a\p-jy-a-
fiew at‰Xv ]cn-jvIrX kmaqly k¶-ev]-sØ-°mfpw hcn-jvShpw DZm-
Ø-hp-ambn \ΩpsS ap∂n¬ sXfn-™p-h-cn-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
{]]-©-Ønse ka-kvX- Po-h-{]-Xn-`m-k-ß-fp-sSbpw kr„n-ÿnXn
kwlm-c-Im-c-IXzw hln®p h¿Øn-°p∂ Znhy-amb AkvXn-Xz-Øns‚
\mam-¥-c-amWv A√mlp. "AJn-em-fi-tImSn {_“m-fi-I-Sml' Øns‚
A[o-i-Xzhpw A√m-lp-hn\vXs∂. ]c-am-Wp-hnse kq£va-kv]-µw-sXm´v
Xmcm-]-Y-Ønse kpÿn-Xn-°m-h-iy-amb hyh-ÿm-]nX \nb-a-߃hsc
A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-{¥-W-Øn\v hnt[-b-amWv. ""F∂m¬ A√mlp tIh-
e-amb Hcp i‡ntbm Du¿Pcq-]tam am{X-am-sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ \sΩ
{]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂n√.'' a‰v aX-Z¿i-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v Cu t_m[yhpw kao-]-
\-hp-amWv Ckvem-ans\ hyXy-kvX-am-°p-∂Xv.
tZio-bhpw Imem-h-ÿm-]-chpw ]c-º-cm-K-X-hp-amb Imc-W-ß-fm¬
a\p-jy-\n-ep≈ sshhn-[y-ßsf AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ a\p-jy¿ H‰
48 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw k¿hm-Xn-im-bn-bmb thZ{KŸw 49

PmXn-bm-sW∂pw h¿§tam h¿Wtam tZi-t`-Ztam ]mc-º-cytam a\p-jys\ chpw XΩn-ep≈ kao-I-c-Whpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ Bflob `uXn-I-aq-ey-ß-
a\p-jy-\n¬\n∂v th¿Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-a-s√∂pw Ckvemw hy‡-am- fpsS GIo-I-c-W-hp-amWv kXy-thZw \njvI¿jn-°p-∂Xv. \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb
°p∂p. Ipe-a-ln-a-bnepw hwio-b-X-bnepw Du‰wsIm≠ Jpssd-in-I-fp-sS- am\-knI kzmX-{¥yhpw kºq¿W-amb a\p-jy-k-aXzhpw kpZr-V-amb
bn-S-bn-emWv Jp¿-B≥ Cu kvt^mSI kzc-ap-b¿Øn-bXv F∂Xv AXy¥w kmaq-ly-_m-[y-Xbpw kmaq-ly-\o-Xn-bn¬ Jp¿-B≥ \njvI¿jn-°p∂p.
{it≤b-at{X. AXn-\m¬ Jp¿-B≥ Hcp ka{K am\hZ¿i-\-amWv.
\mep-Im-ep-I-fn-eq-∂n-\n∂ arKw ap≥Im-ep-I-fp-b¿Øn \nh¿∂p\n∂- ssZhn-I-am-sW∂v hniz-kn-®mepw Cs√-¶nepw Jp¿-B≥ F∂ kXy-
t∏mƒ AXv Xs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse arKo-b-Xsb \ntj-[n-°m≥ {ian-°p-I- th-Z-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ k¿hm-Xn-im-bnXzw AXy¥w {it≤-b-amWv.
bm-bn-cp∂p. s]m°nb ssI t\sc kam-¥-c-am-bp-b¿Ømw. AXv ka-{k- AXv Ime-tZ-im-Xn-h¿Øn-bmb
jvS-ßsf kam-t«-jn-°m≥Xs∂. ssIIƒ ew_-am-bp-b¿Ømw. AXv kzm[o\w P\-a-\- p-I-fn-ep-f-hm°n;
AJn-em-[n-\m-Y-\mb ssZh-Øn\v kvXpXn-b¿∏n-°m-\mWv. ka-{k-jvS-ß- a\p-jy-Nn-¥sb t{]m÷z-en-∏n®p;
tfm-Sp≈ kvt\lhpw ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn-ep≈ ka¿∏-W-hp-amWv aX-t_m-[- hnNm-c-hn-izm-k-ß-fn¬ hnπhw kr„n®p;
Øns‚ sXfn™ e£Ww. a\p-jy\pw ssZhhpw XΩn¬, a\p-jy\pw a\p- temI-\m-K-cn-I-Xbv°v t{]m’m-l-I-ambn;
jy\pw XΩn¬, a\p-jy\pw {]]-©hpw XΩn¬˛D≈ _‘w Jp¿-B≥ ASn-a-I-fn¬ Bfl-hn-izmkw hf¿Øn;
kphn-i-Z-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂p. AØ-c-samcp kºq¿W kwkvIrXn, A_-e-I-fmbn Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏´
B[ym-flnI kwkvImcw, "C≥km^v' hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m≥ Jp¿-B≥ {]t_m- kv{Xokaq-lsØ hntam-Nn-∏n®p;
[n-∏n-°p∂p. Pohn-X-_-‘n-bmb Hcp kºq¿W aX Z¿i-\-Øns‚ apJ-a- A£-c-Øn\pw Adn-hn\pw
XmWv. kv{Xo°pw ]pcp-j\pw Zcn-{Z\pw [\n-I\pw Zp¿∫-e\pw i‡\pw A\-ev]amb AwKo-Imcw \¬In
Ing-°\pw ]Sn-™m-d\pw˛B¿°pw Hcp-t]mse kzm`n-am\w kwc-£n-®p- hniz-km-tlm-Zcyw hnfw-_cw sNbvXp.
sIm≠v ssZthm-∑p-J-ambn {]m¿Y-\m-]q¿hw \nev°m\pw Xc-Xa -t`-Z-an- AXpƒs°m-≈p∂ \nXy-l-cn-X-`mhw Imem-Xn-h¿Øn-XzsØ kam-
√msX hnizm-k-ambpw BNm-c-ambpw A\p-jvTm-\-ambpw A\p-h¿Øn- t«-jn-°p∂p F∂-XmWv Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS k¿hm-Xn-im-bnXzw.
°m\pw Ign-bp∂ aX-Z¿i-\-amWv Ckvemw. Hcp]t£, AXp-sIm-≠m-bn-cn-
°Ww _¿WmUv jm Ckvem-ans\ "Cem-ÃnIv aX'sa∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv.
Imem-¥-c-Øn-ep-≠m-hp∂ GX-h-ÿm-hn-ti-j-Ønepw ]q¿W {]`m-h-
tØmsS h¿Øn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ kXy-thZ Z¿i-\-Øn\p ap∂n¬ Imehpw
temIhpw ssIIq-∏p∂p.
AXo-he - f
- n-Xhpw {]tbm-K£
- a- hpw km[m-cW a\- n-\p-t]mepw kw{]m-
]y-hp-amb Hcp aX-Xew F∂ \ne-bn¬ Ckvemw blq-Z-a-X-Øn¬\n∂pw
ss{IkvX-h-a-X-Øn¬\n∂pw skmdm-kv{Sn-b-\n-k-Øn¬\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-
ambn \nev°p∂p F∂v F®v.Pn.sh’v {]kvXm-hn-®Xv {it≤-b-amWv.
tIhew A`u-ahpw A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-hp-amb [¿tam-]-tZ-i-ß-fpsS kap-®-b-
a√ Jp¿-B≥. Jp¿-B-\-Jn-ehpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-°m-\p-≈Xpw
ssZh-lnXw Io¿Øn-°p-∂-Xp-amWv. PohnX aqey-߃ Htc ka-b-Øp-
Xs∂ `uXnIhpw Bflo-b-hp-am-sW∂pw Ah XΩn-ep≈ A`n-∂X Ah-
K-Wn-°m≥ ]‰p-∂-X-s√∂pw Ckvemw Icp-Xp∂p. GsX-¶nepw hy‡n-bp-
sStbm hn`m-K-Øn-s‚sbm {]tZ-i-Øn-s‚sbm A\p-`-h-ß-sf-b√ Ckvemw
kXy-amb A\p-`-h-ß-fm-bn-°m-Wp-∂Xv. Ah-bvs°√mw Xm¬°m-en-Ihpw
k¶p-Nn-Xhpw ]cn-ko-an-X-hp-amb kz`m-h-am-Wp-≈-sX∂pw \nXyhpw {]hn-
im-ehpw Ata-b-hp-amb khn-ti-j-X-I-fmWv Ckvemw {]Im-in-∏n-°p-∂-
sX∂pw kq£vaZ- r-jSv n-Iƒ°v t_m[y-am-Ip-∂X - mWv. A]-cn-ta-ba
- mb, Ahym-
l-X-amb, Cl-]-c-kw-_-‘-am¿∂ Ime-{]-hm-l-sØ- I-≠p-sIm-≠mWv
Jp¿-B≥ kwkm-cn-°p-∂Xv. Hcp {]tXyI P\-]-Z-sØ-b√ a\p-jy-km-am-\y-
sØ-bmWv AXv A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNøp-∂Xv. hy‡n-bn¬ Bflmhpw ico-
50 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw thZ{KŸw hgn\bn-°p∂p 51

lnX-am-bmepw Aln-X-am-bmepw
hn[n-b-\p-k-cn-°m≥ \mw _m-≤y-ÿ-cmWv.
AhnsS c£-t\-Sm≥ ChnsS PohnXw
ssZh-am¿§-Øn-em-°p-I-am-{Xsa Ic-Wo-b-am-bp≈q.

7 as‰m-cp-am¿§-hp-an√, Hcp am¿§hpw.

AXn-\m¬ hnip-≤-Po-hnXw \bn-°pI.
[¿Ωm-[n-jvTn-X-amb PohnXw \bn-°pI
ssZh-ln-Xm-\p-km-cn-bmb PohnXw \bn-°pI.
thZ-{KŸw hgn-\-bn-°p∂p thZ-{K-Ÿhpw {]hm-N-I\pw \sΩ hgn-\-bn-°p∂p.

ssZh-km-{am-Py-Øn\v c≠v Xe-ß-fp≠v;

Clhpw ]chpw
Cl-]-c-ß-fn¬ PohnXw ]S¿∂p-\n-ev°p∂p.
ssZh-Øns‚ {i≤ Ccp-X-e-ß-fnepw
{]k-cn-®p-\n-ev°p∂p.
Cl-Ønse ]nd-hn-\mƒsXm´v
]c-Ønse A¥y-Zn-\w-hsc \o≠p-\n-ev°p∂p.
Pohn-X-Øns‚ {]bm-W-]Yw
˛ssZhw sh´n-sbm-cp-°n-b -{]-bm-W-]Yw˛
\ΩpsS apºn¬ \o≠p-In-S-°p∂p.
\ma-Xd - n-bp-∂n√.
{]hm-N-I\pw thZ-{K-Ÿhpw \sΩ-b-X-dn-bn-°p∂p.
\ΩpsS \∑bv-°mbn ssZhw t\¿h-gn-Im-´p∂p
\ap-°-\p-k-cn-°m≥, A\p-I-cn-°m≥
PohnXw km¿∞-Ihpw [\y-hp-am-°m≥
\ap-°-Xp-aXn.
A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-\n-tj[ dPn-Ã-dn¬
F√mw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂p.
Cl-Ønse Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-߃
Aæ-ip-≤n°v hnt[-b-am-°n-hn-e-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂p.
\ma-dn-™m-ep-an-s√-¶nepw
\maw-Ko-I-cn-®m-ep-an-s√-¶nepw
]c-temIw Hcp alm-k-Xy-amWv.
ac-W-Øns‚ Xnc-»oe \o°n
]c-tem-I-sØ-Øp∂ a\p-jys‚ ap∂n¬
hkvXz-[n-jvTn-X-amb hnNm-cW \S-°p∂p.
A√m-lp-hns‚ ]c-a-]-hn-{X-amb
\oXn-th-Zn-bn¬\n∂v hn[n {]Jym-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂p.
hn[n-b-\p-k-cn®v c£tbm in£tbm ssIh-cp∂p.
Idp-Ø-Xm-bmepw shfp-Ø-Xm-bmepw
Xo{h-am-bmepw arZp-hm-bmepw
52 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw hgnIm´nbpw shfn-®hpw 53

""F∂m¬ Xm≥ F¥p-sIm≠v Xs‚ tPmen XpS-ßp-∂n√?''

At∂cw kzev]-samcp hnj-a-tØmsS C_veokv as‰mcp aqe-bn-
te°v hnc¬Nq≠n. Ahn-sS-sbm-cmƒ InS-∂p-d-ßp-∂p≠v. \√ Dd°w. {]hm-
N-I≥ XpS¿∂p:

8 ""Abmƒ Dd-ßp-I-bt√, Dd-ßp-∂-hs\ Xms\-¥n\v t]Sn-°Ww?''

CXn∂v C_veokv \¬Inb adp-]Sn AXy¥w {it≤-b-am-bn-cp∂p:
""Xncp-ta\o, Dd-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶nepw Abmƒ Adn-hp-f-f-h\m. Adn-hp-
≈-h≥ Dd-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶nepw A]-I-S-Im-cnbm.''
Xs‚ hm°p-Iƒ {i≤m-]q¿∆w tI´p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ a\p-jy-t\mSv ssZhw
hgn-Im-´nbpw shfn-®hpw XpS¿∂p:
]cm-{i-b-sam-gn-hm°n kz¥w Ign-hn¬ hnizm-k-a¿∏n-°p-hm\pw AXn-
eq∂n Db-cp-hm\pw ssZh-Øn¬am{Xw ic-W-a¿Yn-°p-hm\pw Rm≥ \ns∂
hm’-ey-\n-[n-bmb kz]p-{X-t\mSv Hcp ]nXm-sh-∂-t]mse ssZhw a\p-jy- {]t_m-[n-∏n®p.
t\mSv Cßs\ ]d™p:
""\ns‚ B⁄-Iƒ°v am{Xsa R߃ Iogvs∏´v Pohn-°p-I-bp≈q.
\n\°v Rms\mcp hnf°v \¬In. AXmWv hnti-j-_p≤n. {]]-©-
\nt∂mSv am{Xsa R߃ klm-b-a-t]-£n-°p-I-bp≈p.'' (1:5)
Øn¬ \ns∂-°q-SmsX Fs‚ At\Iw kr„n-I-fp≠v. Ah¿°m¿°pw
BcpsS ap∂nepw hn\-{a-in-c- mbn \nevt°-≠-h-\√ \o. Ime-th-
\¬ImØ AXn-hn-injvS hkvXp-hmWv Rm≥ \n\°v X∂Xv. AXns‚
KsØ adn-I-S-°m\pw temI-hn-kvXr-Xnsb D≈n-sem-Xp-°m\pw ka-kvX-i-
hne-b-dn-bm\pw hnth-I-]q¿hw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m\pw \n\°v Ign-bWw.
‡n-I-sfbpw ssI¶-co-b-Øn-e-a¿Øn-sh-°m\pw t]m∂ kn≤n-km-[y-X-
H∂vam{Xw kqNn-∏n°mw˛{]]©w apgp-h≥ sXfn-®p-Im-´m≥t]m∂ hnf-°m-
Iƒ \n∂n¬ Rm≥ \nt£-]n®p. AXv \n∂n¬ kq£n® Fs∂˛Fs∂
WXv. AXv \ns‚ \nebpw hnebpw h¿≤n-∏n°pw. Hcp ]co-£Ww hgn Hcn-
am{Xw˛`b-`‡ - ym-cm-[\- m-`m-ht- ØmsS \otbm¿°pI. F\n°v ap∂n¬ am{Xw
°≥ \ns∂ Rm\Xv t_m≤y-s∏-SpØn. \ns‚ hnti-j-_p-≤n-bn¬ Rm≥
\o \an-°pI. \o Fs∂-tbm¿°p-tºmƒ, F\n-°p-ap-∂n¬ ASn-]-Wn-bp-
Xncn-sIm-fpØn. ae-°p-I-sf-t∏mepw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v \ob-Xns‚
tºmƒ Fs‚ \nt£-]-sØ-°p-dn®v \otbm¿°pw. Fs‚ \n¿t±-i-߃
anIhv ImWn®p. Rm≥ kwXr-]vX-\mbn. Rm≥ ae-°p-I-tfmSv \ns∂-bm-
\ns‚ hnNm-c-hr-Øn-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-amIpw. \ns‚ hnIm-k-hr-≤n-I-fmWv
Z-cn-°m≥ ]d™p. H∂v t_m[y-ambn. hntij _p≤n \n∂n¬ t{]m÷z-en-
am\-h-kr-jvSn-bn¬ Fs‚ hn`m-hnX e£y-sa∂v \ob∂v a\- n-em°pw.
°p-sa∂v. H∂v Rm\m-iz-kn®p˛kr„n-I-fn¬ t{ijvT-\mbn Rm≥ Xnc-
\ns‚ [¿Ω-I¿Ω-߃ hn[n-]q¿hIw \S-°Ww. \ns‚ hnti-j-
s™-SpØ \o temIØv AP-ø-\mbn, A[r-jy-\mbn ]cn-W-an-°p-sa∂v.
_p≤n t{]m÷z-en-°Ww. Rm\-b® thZ-{KŸw AXn-∂p≈ Du¿-t{km-X-
Ime-{X-b-ßsf {]Im-i-a-Wn-bn-°m≥ t]m∂ hnf-°m-WXv. B hnf°v ""Hcp
 mWv.
]¿h-X-Øn-te-°mWv Rm\-b-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-sX-¶n¬ ssZhsØ `b∂v B
""t\cw t]m°m-\p≈ Hcp Ifn-bm-b√
]¿hXw s]m´n-ØI - c
- p-∂Xv \n\°v ImWm-am-bn-cp∂p.'' A{Xbpw kvt^mSI
Rm≥ Fs‚ ssIsIm≠v \ns∂ krjvSn-®Xv.''
kz`m-h-an-b-∂-XmWv AXns‚ {]Im-i-hn-kvabw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv AXv
A\-¥-hn-kvXr-X-amb {]]-©-sØbpw FÆ-a‰ Poh-Pm-e-ß-sfbpw
a‰m¿°pw \¬ImsX \n\°v kΩm-\n-®Xv.
Rm≥ krjvSn-®Xv \n\-°p-th-≠n-bmWv. \ns‚ P∑-Øn-eq-sS-am{Xw
Adn-hns‚ kvt^mSI kz`m-hsØ kw_-‘n®v {]hm-N-Is‚ Hc-\p-
km£m¬°-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ al-Ømb Hcp ZuXy-ap≠v. AXn∂v t]mcp∂
kvac - W
- a - p≠v.
If-cnbpw I¿Ω-cw-K-hp-am-bmWv Rm≥ Cu {]]-©-Øn\v cq]-hn-[m\w
{]hm-N-I≥ ]≈n-bn-seØn. AhnsS At∂-c-sam-cmƒ {]m¿Yn-°p-∂p-
\¬In-bXv.
≠m-bn-cp∂p. hmXn¬∏-Sn-bn¬ as‰m-cm-fn-cn-°p-∂Xv {]hm-N-Is‚ ZrjvSn-
""BImi `qan-I-sfbpw Ah-bv°n-S-bn-ep≈ hkvXp-°-sfbpw \mw
bn¬s∏´p. Bsc∂v a\- n-em-bn√. {]hm-N-Is‚ Im¬s∏-cp-am‰w tI´v
krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂Xv hnt\m-Z-Øn-\p-th-≠n-b√. (adn®v) Nne \ymb-amb
hmXn¬∏-Sn-bnse Bƒ Xncn-™p-t\m°n. {]hm-N-I∂v Bsf a\- n-embn.
e£y-ßsf ap≥\n¿Øn-s°m-≠p-Xs - ∂-bmWv Ah c≠n-s\bpw \mw kr„n-
AXv C_veo-km-bn-cp∂p. {]hm-N-I≥ Cßs\ tNmZn®p:
®n-cn-°p-∂Xv.''
""C_veokv, Chn-sS-sb¥m Imcyw?''
""cm∏-I-ep-I-sfbpw kqcy-N-{µ-∑m-scbpw A√mlp \n߃°v Iogvs∏-
Nncn-®p-sIm≠v, {]m¿Yn-°p-∂-hs‚ t\sc-Nq≠n C_veokv Cßs\
Sp-Øn-Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p. AtX-t]mse \£-{X-ß-sfbpw Ahs‚ Iev]-\-°-
]d™p:
\p-k-cn®p (\n߃°v) Iogvs∏-Sp-Øn-Ø-∂n-cn-°p∂p.''
""Zm Hcm-f-hnsS {]m¿Yn-°p∂p. Ah-s\-sbm∂v ]ng-∏n-°Ww''
Ifn-°-f-Øn¬ Rm≥ Icp-°-sf√mw \nc-Øn-bn-´n-cn-°p∂p. \ob-h-bp-
{]hm-N-I≥ IuXp-I-tØmsS Cßs\ At\z-jn®p:
54 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw hgnIm´nbpw shfn-®hpw 55

]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn Ifn®p Pbn-°Ww. ÿqew Fs∂m∂pw B thZ-in-ev]-Øns‚ apJ-Øp-t\m°n ]gn-°m≥

Akw-kvIrX hkvXp-°-sf√mw Rm≥ ChnsS kr„n-®p-sh-®n-´p≠v. ap≥hn-[n-tbmsS \nev°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂ {]Xn-Zz-µn-Iƒ°p-t]mepw Ign-
\ob-h-bp-]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn hnin-jvS-t`m-Py-ß-sfm-cp-°Ww. C‘\w Chn- bmsXh∂p. Ahy-‡-X-bpsS \ngepw A⁄-X-bpsS Ccpfpw Ifn-bm-Sp∂
sSbpw b{¥w \n∂n-ep-ap≠v. \ob-Xp-]-tbm-K-s∏-SpØn b{¥sØ {]h¿Ø- a\p-jy-a-\- p-I-fn¬ Jp¿-B-\nse A£-c-߃ \£-{X-tPym-Xn- p-I-fmbn
\-£-a-am-°Ww. Xn∂pw Dd-ßnbpw {]P-\\w km[n®pw Ign-bm-\√ \n\-°n- IXn¿sh´w sNmcn™p. Ihn-X-t]mse kpµ-chpw Btem-N-\m-ar-X-hp-
hnsS P∑w \¬In-bXv. P¥p-k-l-P-am-btX \n∂n¬ \n∂-\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂p- amWv AXnse kqd-I-tfm-tcm∂pw. IqSp-X¬ sXfn-™-a¿∂ hmb-\-bn¬
≈p-sh-¶n¬ \osb-ßs\ krjvSn-I-fn¬ t{ijvT-\mIpw! At∏mƒ AXn-∂- A\-hZy kuµ-cy-Øns‚ aln-am-hp-Iƒ \sΩ lTm-Zm-I¿jn°pw. {i≤m-
∏p-d-sam∂v Rm≥ \n∂n¬\n∂v {]Xo-£n-°p-∂p≠v. kap-∂-Xn-bpsS Fs‚ ]q¿h-amb Hmtcm hmb-\bpw \h-\-thm-t∑-j-im-en-bmb Hmtcm hnin-jvSm-
kt¶Xw {]m]n-°p-I-bmWv Rm≥ \n∂n¬\n∂v {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv. D¬Ir- \p-`q-Xn-bm-bn-cn°pw. AXns‚ ]nd-hnbpw {]Ir-Xhpw {]Io¿Øn-°p-tºmƒ
jvS-kr„n F∂-Xn¬ kmbq-Py-a-S-bmsX, Aew-`mhw sIm≈msX, [¿Ω- \ndw aßmØ Hcp hniz-hn-kva-b-ambn B hcn-jvS-{KŸ inev]w a\p-jy-a-
hn-kvar-Xn-°-Sn-s∏-SmsX \o Db¿∂p-s]m-ßWw. t¢i-`q-bn-jvS-amWv am¿§w. \- p-I-fn¬ F∂pw Pohn°pw. Ipfn-c-e-Iƒ h¿jn-°p∂ ssXa-Wn-°m-
Ahy-‡-X-bmWv ap∂n¬. A‘-Im-c-am-sWßpw. kz¥w ssI\n-e-I-fn-e- ‰mbpw {]Xym-i-bpsS \dp-]q-°ƒ hncn-bn-°p∂ hk-¥-¿ Øp-hmbpw tcmK-
a¿∂n-cn-°p∂ Xma-k-hn-Im-c-ß-fpsS X≈n-am-‰m-\m-hmØ {]tem-`-\-ßfpw aq¿—-bn¬ ia-\u-j-[-ambpw h¿Øn-°p∂ kXy-th-Z-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ Ak-Zr-
`oj-Wnbpw \n\-°p-≠mIpw˛Rm\-X-dn-bp∂p. Ahn-sS-bmWv Hcp hgn-Im-´n- i-amb ]hn{X hN- p-Iƒ {]Im-ia - W- n-™p-\n-ev°p∂p. B¿{Zhpw F∂m¬
bpsS Bhiyw Rm≥ I≠Xv. sXfn-™p-Im-Wm≥ shfn-®hpw thWw. kvt^mS-I-hp-amWv AXnse hN- p-I-fmsI. B alnX hN- p-I-fpsS
{]hm-N-I\pw thZ-{K-Ÿhpw Ahn-sS-bmWv {]k-‡-am-Ip-∂Xv. teme-kv^p-c-W-߃t]mepw {]k-cn-s®-Øp∂ a\- p-I-fn¬ kw`-hn-®p-
Ipg-°p∂ hgn-I-fm-sWßpw. kq£va-t_m-[-an-√msX kXy-ip-≤-amb I≠ ]cn-h¿Ø-\ß - ƒ hniz-hn-kvab- ß- f
- mbn Io¿Øn-°s- ∏-´n-´p≠v. ]pgpsh
am¿§-sØ-°p-dn-®-dn-bmsX Ftßm-s´-∂n-√msX HmSp∂p. CXmWv Xs‚ ie-`-am-°pw-t]mse "Im´-d-_nsb hm‰n-sb-SpØv Jeo-^-bm°n'b amkva-
icn-bmb am¿§-sa∂p IcpXn Iptd-t\cw kam-[m-\n-®p-sh-∂p-hcpw. At∏m- cnI i‡n Jp¿-Bs‚ kpcy-tX-P- ns‚ khn-ti-j-X-bmWv.
gm-W-_-≤-a-dn-bp-∂Xv. DSs\ Xncn-t™mSpw. Iptd sN∂-t∏mƒ AXp-
samcp ]ng-bm-bn-t∏m-sb-∂-dn-bp∂p. Cßs\ ]e-Ipdn Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-
Sp∂p. KXn-In-´msX ]cn-{`m-¥-ambn ]c-°w-]m-bp∂ a\p-jys\ Jp¿-B≥
amSn-hn-fn®v hgn \bn-°p∂p.
icn-bmb am¿§-Øn-em-sW-¶nepw hnNm-cn-bmsX h∂p-s]-Sp∂ Zpc-\p-
`-h-߃ Af-h-‰-XmWv. XmZr-im-\p-`-h-ßsf t\cn-tS-≠n-h-cp-tºmƒ a\x-
kzmÿyw \jvS-s∏-Sp∂p. Bekyw ASn-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. apt∂m-´p≈ bm{X
Zp -l-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p. At∂cw a\- ns\ Aar-X-tk-N\w sNbvXp-sIm-
s≠-t∂mWw \thm-t∑-j-a-Wn-bn®v kz[¿Ω \n¿h-l-W-Øn\v i‡hpw
{]m]vX-hp-am-°n-Øo¿°p∂ {]`-h-ambn Jp¿-B≥ Ah-Xo¿W-ambn. Ah-
ihpw hnh-i-hp-ambn, kzbw i]n®v, hnizm-k-sØ-t∏mepw ]gn®v, Pohn-
XsØ hrYm-`m-c-ambn hen-®n-g-™p-\o-ßp∂ a\p-jy-\n¬ Jp¿-B≥ Bfl-
hocyw ]I-cp∂p. Hcm-N-mcy-s\-t∏mse ASp-Øp-\n-∂p-]-tZ-in-°m\pw Hcp
kplr-Øn-s\-t∏mse A\p-\-bw-sIm≠v kam-[m-\n-∏n-°m\pw Hcm-]¬_m-
‘-h-s\-t∏mse Bizm-k-a-cp-fm\pw Hcp `nj-Kz-c-s\-t∏mse km¥z-\-ta-
Im\pw Hcp c£-I¿Øm-hn-s\-t∏mse Imh-em-fm-bn-°-gn-bm\pw kI-e -
k-µ¿`-ß-fnepw {]Xy-£-s∏´v \sΩ hgn \bn-°m\pw t]mcp∂ ka-
kvXhpw B hnin-jvS-{K-Ÿ-Øn-ep≠v. Pohn-X-_-‘n-bmb kI-e -hn-j-b-
ßfpw AXn¬ ]cm-a¿in-°-s∏-´n-´p≠v. Kpcp-e-Lp-t`-Z-an-√msX a\p-jys‚
hn`m-h-\-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ sXfn™ Nn{X-ß-fp-a-Xn-ep≠v. 323760 A£-c-ß-
fn-eqsS 86430 hm°p-I-fn-eqsS 6666 hN-\-ß-fn-eqsS 114 A[ym-b-ß-fn-
embn B kXy-th-Z-inev]w cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ tZmssj-I-Zr-°p-I-
fmsI \n -lm-b-cm-hp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Akw-KXw, A{]-k‡w, hrYm-
56 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw apJy-{]-ta-bw˛a\p-jy≥ 57

ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ hcn-jvS-c-‡-km-£nXzw hcn-°m≥

Ah≥ i‡-\m-bn-cn-°Ww.
Ahs‚ bm{Xm-]-Y-Øn¬
A_q-_-°-dns‚ hnip-≤n-tbm-ep-∂ -km-Xzn-I-Xbpw

9 Da-dns‚ \nc-¶p-i-amb \oXn-t_m-[hpw

Dkvams‚ ka¿∏-W-]q¿h-I-amb Bfl-Xym-Khpw
Aen-bpsS intem-®-b-{]-Ir-X-amb B¥-cn-I-[o-c-Xbpw
JZo-P-bpsS A\p-]-a-amb lrZ-b-hn-ip-≤nbpw
Bbn-j-bpsS ka¿∏-W-{]-h-W-amb ss[j-Wn-I-kn-≤nbpw
apJy-{]-tabw˛a\p-jy≥ _nem-ens‚ A\-\y-Z¿i-\o-b-amb Bfl-ssÿ-cyhpw
Ah-\n¬ kzm[o-\n-®n-cn-°Ww.
Ah≥ GI-ssZh hnizm-k-Øns‚
ssZhw aÆp-sIm≠v a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®-t∏mƒ tZh-`m-h-Øn-s‚bpw {]tLm-jI - \- m-bn-cn-°Ww
arKo-b-X-bp-sSbpw kq£va-_o-P-߃ Ah-\n¬ \nt£-]n-°p-I-bm-bn-
Ah≥ {]hm-N-I-\n¬ ZØ{i-≤-\m-bn-cn-°Ww
cp∂p. CsXmcp ]q¿hm-]-c-hn-cp-≤X-bm-bn-tØm∂mw. F∂m¬, AsXmcp
Ah≥ thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ {]Nmc-I-\m-bn-cn-°Ww
]co-£-Whpw a\p-jy-\n-e¿∏n® hnti-j-_p-≤n-tbm-Sp≈ Hcp sh√p-hn-fn-bp-
Ah≥ lZo-kp-I-fpsS kwhm-l-I-\m-bn-cn-°Ww.
am-bn-cp∂p.
B ]pXnb a\p-jy≥ Ckvemw kwkvIrXn
Ahs‚ ZrjvSn-bn¬ B‘yw-\n-d-bv°p-hm≥
hf¿Øn-sb-SpØ amXr-Im-am-\-h-\m-bn-cn°pw.
Ahs‚ ap∂n¬ hgn-X-S-bp-hm≥
B amXr-Im-am-\h-\n¬
Ahs‚ Nn¥m-i-‡nsb ac-hn-∏n-°p-hm≥
aq∂v `mh-߃ {]I-S-am-bn-cn°pw˛
Ah-\nse arKo-b-i‡n {ia-am-cw-`n°pw.
kXyw ( ) inhw ( ) kpµcw ( )
AX-dn™v, Ahsb HXp°n
{]Ir-Xn-bpsS ap∂n¬ Ah≥
tZh-`m-hØ- n-eq-∂n-bp-b¿∂v
aq∂v N{I-hm-f-߃ hncn-bn-®p-Im-´Ww˛
A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn-te°v
Ah-t_m[w ( ) kzmX{¥yw ( ) k¿§-{]-Xn` ( )
Ah-s\-ØWw.
Ie˛Ah-s∂mcp Ifn-t°m-∏√.
AXn-∂m-W-h∂v hnti-j-_p≤n \¬In-bXv.
Du¿Pw If-bm-\p≈ Hcp hrØo-t`-Z-hp-a√.
{]Ir-Xnsb I≠pw Adn™pw Bkz-Zn®pw
A√mlp Xs‚ {]Xn-]p-cp-j-s\-tb-ev]n®
ZrV-cq-V-t_m-[y-tØmsS
hn{ipX kº-Øm-WXv.
ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn-te-s°-ØWw.
{kjvSm-hns‚ k¿§m-fl-I-X-bpsS Xqen-I-bm-WXv.
ka-kr-jvS-ßsf AIhpw ]pd-hp-a-dn™v
AXp-]-tbm-Kn®v a\p-jy≥
kvt\ln®v, tkhn®v
c≠m-a-sXm-cp-temIw krjvSn-°Ww
"hmKvZØ `qan' bnte-s°-ØWw.
]pXn-sbmcp ]dp-Zo-kbpw ]Wn-bWw
ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn-eqsS Nm©-ey-ß-sfm-gn-hm°n
]pXnb Pohn-X-in-ev]-߃ hnc-Nn-°Ww
ktµ-l-ß-f-I‰n, ZrV-t_m-[w-h-cn®v
]pXnb hnNm-c-{]-]©w
`qan-bnse tZh-`m-h-ß-fpsS
]pXnb kuµcyw
Imh-em-fmbn Ah≥ amdWw.
]pXnb ssNX\yw
kXy-\n-tj-[-Øn¬ sI´n-s∏m-°nb
]pXnb Bfl-i‡n
Icn-¶¬tIm-´-Iƒs°-Xnsc sImSp-¶m-‰mbn
]pXnb ktµiw
Nodn-b-Sn-°m-\-h\v km[n-°Ww
ka-{K-Xb- m¿∂
kXy-tam¿°p-sa-¶n¬ a\p-jy-km-tlm-Zcyw
]pXn-sbm-cp-Imew hncn-bn-s®-Sp-°Ww
Hc-km-[y-X-b√, aco-Nn-I-bp-a√.
A√m-lp -]-c-a-amb kzmX-{¥yhpw
Hc-\n-hm-cy-Xb
- mWv.
A]m-c-amb k¿§-i-‡nbpw
AXn∂v th≠n kzb-a¿∏n-°m≥
58 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw 59

A\-¥-amb Pm{K-Xbpw
Ah-\n¬ kq£n-®n-´p≠v.
temI-Ønse ssZh-Øns‚ {]Xn-]p-cp-j≥
kzmX-{¥y-Øn-s‚bpw k¿§-i-‡n-bp-sSbpw
Pm{K-X-bp-sSbpw ]pXnb apJ-ß-f-h-X-cn-∏n-°Ww
A√mlp kz¥w hn`m-h-\bv-°-\p-k-cn-®mWv
a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®Xv.
F∂n´v A√mlp ]d™p:
10
""\o Fs∂ tXSn-h-cn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬
ImWm-\m-{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ hnip≤ hnizmk ine-Ifpw
\o \ns‚ kzXzsØ I≠-dn-bpI, AXmWv hgn''F∂v.
a\p-jy-\mWv Jp¿-Bs‚ {]tabw. a\p-jys‚ ssZh-Z-Ø-amb Ign-hp-
sXfn-™p-b¿∂ I¿Ω-kvXw-`-ßfpw
I-fn¬ {]apJw Ahs‚ _p≤n-i-‡n-bmWv. Kth-j-Whpw \nco-£-Whpw
]co-£-Whpw {]tbm-K-h¬°-c-Whpw a\p-jy-ta-[-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-I-fm- ssZhw GI\mWv
Ip∂p. ka-{K-hn-Imkw ssIh∂ ]q¿W-a-\p-jys\ Jp¿-B≥ hn`m-h\w ssZhw PK-∂n-b-¥m-hmWv, kI-em-cm-≤y-\mWv
sNøp∂p. At∏mƒ a\p-jys‚ _p≤n-bp-sSbpw Nn¥-bp-sSbpw hy‡n-Xz- ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw k¿h-⁄-\p-amWv.
Øn-t‚-bp-sa√mw kwc-N\ Jp¿-Bs‚ I¿Ω-X-e-Ønse apJy-X-bm¿∂ k¿h-i-‡\pw Ak-Zr-i\pw
hi-ß-fmbn amdp∂p. krjvSn-I-fn¬ t{ijvT-\mb a\p-jy≥ {]]-©sØ A{]-Xn-tcm-≤y-\p-amWv.
Iog-S-°p-sa∂v kqNn-∏n-°p∂ Ad-p∂qtdmfw kq‡-ß-fp≠v Jp¿-B-\n¬.
Ah, Ae-k-amb tIhew ]cm-a¿i-ß-f√, Kpcp-X-chpw A¿Y-]q¿W-hp- apl-ΩZv A√m-lp-hns‚ ZqX-\mWv
amb A\p-im-k-\-ß-fmWv. apl-ΩZv {]hm-N-I-cn¬ {]Im-fi-amWv
thZ{KŸw \¬I-s∏-´-h-\mWv
a\p-jy-cm-in-bpsS apgp-h≥ hgn-Im-´nbpw
ktµ-i-hm-l-I-\p-amWv.
Pn_vco¬ F∂ ae-°p-hgn
kXy-th-Z-h-N- p-Iƒ
apl-Ω-Zn\v e`n®p
Jp¿-B≥ ssZh hN- p-I-fpsS kap-®-b-amWv.
AXv t\¿hgn Im´p∂p.
AXv [¿Ωw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.
Cl ˛ ]c-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈
Ah-t_m[w hf¿Øp∂p
hnip-≤-amb thZ-{K-Ÿ-amWv Jp¿-B≥.
ae-°p-Iƒ ssZh-Øns‚
ktµ-i-hm-l-I-cmWv.
ae-°p-Iƒ°v \n¿±njvS ZuXy-ß-fp≠v.
ae-°p-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ knwlm-k\w hln-°p-∂p.
ae-°p-Iƒ {]Im-iw-sIm≠v krjvSn-°-s∏´p.
Ah-cmWv hn[n˛\ntj[ dPn-Ã-dn¬
a\p-jy-I¿Ω-߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv.
a\p-jy\v Bflob Pohn-X-ap-s≠-∂-\p-kva-cn-∏n-°m≥
60 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw hnip≤ hnizmk ine-Ifpw sXfn-™p-b¿∂ I¿Ω-kvXw-`-ßfpw 61

ae-°p-I-fn-ep≈ hnizmkw A\n-hmcyw. lp-hns‚ kvt\l-Øn\p th≠n _‘p-°ƒ°pw A\m-Y¿°pw ]mh-

߃°pw ]mŸ¿°pw Zm\w tNmZn-°p-∂-h¿°pw XS-hp-Im-cpsS tamN-\-
A¥y-Zn\w Hcp alm-bm-Ym¿∞yw
Øn\pw th≠n sNe-h-gn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hcmtcm Ah-cs{X kpIr-Xn-
A¥y-Zn-\-Øn-ep≈ hnizmkw
Iƒ. \a-kvImcw IrXy-ambn A\p-jvTn-°p-∂-hcpw k°mØv \¬Ip-∂-
Pohn-XsØ {Ia-]q¿hIw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p.
hcpw hmKvZØw ]men-°p-∂-hcpw C√m-bva-bnepw hnj-a-ß-fnepw kl\w
ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw ssZh-ln-X-Øn-s‚bpw
ssIs°m-≈p-∂-hcpw ka-c-Im-eØv ASn-bp-d-®p-\n-ev°p-∂-hcpw˛BWv
Atam-L-amb A\p-kva-c-W-Øn\v
kXy-k-‘≥am¿. Ch¿X-s∂-bmWv `b-`-‡n-bp-≈-hcpw.'' 2:178 ""\ns‚
A¥y-Zn-\-Øn-ep≈ hnizmkw
\mY≥ Iev]n-®n-cn-°p∂p ˛ Ah-s\-b-√msX a‰m-scbpw Bcm-[n-°-cpXv.
as‰m-c\
- n-hm-cy-Xb
- mWv.
amXm-]n-Xm-°t- fmSv `bm-Zc- ß
- t- fmsS s]cp-am-dpI. Ah-cn-em-sc-¶nepw AYhm
ssZh-Øns‚ hn[n ˛ \ntj-[-ß-fmWv Ah-cn-cp-hcpw hm¿≤Iyw {]m]n-®-\n-e-bn¬ \nt∂m-sSm-∏-ap-≠m-bm¬, Ah-
A¥naw F∂-Xn¬ ]£m-¥-c-an√. ⁄m-]q¿h-amb Hcp hm°p-t]mepw Ah-cpsS apºmsI D®-cn-°-cpXv; Ah-
\≥abpw Xn≥abpw \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv ssZhw. sc- i-Im-cn-°p-I-bp-a-cpXv. G‰hpw _lp-am-\-]q¿hamb \ne-bn¬ Ah-tcmSv
hnizm-kw-sIm≠v am{Xw Hcmƒ apk¬am-\m-Ip-∂n√. hnizm-k-Øn- kwkm-cn-°pI. B¿{Z-X-tbm-Sp-IqSn Ah¿°v hn\-b-Øns‚ NndIv XmgvØn-
s\mØ I¿Ωm-\p-jvTm\w A\p-t]-£-Wobw. AXn-\m¬ hnip≤ hnizmk s°m-Sp-°pI. Fs‚ c£n-Xmth, Fs‚ ssii-h-Øn¬ Fs∂ Xo‰n-t∏m-
ine-I-fn¬ I¿Ω-kvXw-`-ß-fp-b¿Øn. ‰n-b-Xp-t]mse Ah-cpsS taepw \o ImcpWyw sNmcn-tb-Wta' F∂v
A√mlp GI-\m-sW∂pw {]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøpI.'' 17:24˛25.
apl-ΩZv Ahs‚ ZqX-\m-W∂pw
Dd® kzc-Øn¬ DZvtLm-jn-°pI
A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-kva-c-W-bn¬
Zn\w-tXmdpw ]©-\-a-kvIm-c-߃ \n¿h-ln-°pI
A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-⁄bv-s°mØv
k°m-Ø-\p-jvTn-°pI.
kz[¿Ω-\n¿h-l-W-Øn-\p≈ Icp-Øm¿÷n-°m≥
{hXm-\p-jvTm-\-߃ apS-ßmsX \S-ØpI.

I¿Ω-kn-≤m-¥-ß-fpsS ]cn-kv^q¿Øn°v
l÷v I¿Ω-am-N-cn-°pI
A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-ap-ºn¬,
AJ-fi-amb temI-km-tlm-Z-cy-Øns‚
ip{`-kp-µ-c-inev]w hnI-kz-c-am-hp∂p.
Ckvemw F∂ ka¿∏Ww.
AhnsS km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p.
""A√m-lp-hn-t\m-Sp≈ kvt\lsØ ap≥\n¿Øn Ah≥ Zcn-{Z-s\bpw
A\m-Y-°p-´n-sbbpw XS-hp-Im-c-s\bpw Du´p∂p. Ah≥ ]dbpw : \n›-b-
ambpw A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂p≈ Xr]vXn°p th≠n am{X-amWv R߃
\nßsf Du´p-∂Xv. {]Xn-^-etam, IrX-⁄-Xtbm \nß-fn¬\n∂v Rß-
fm-{K-ln-°p-∂n√.'' 76:9˛10
""\nß-fpsS apJ-߃ Ing-t°mt´m ]Sn-™m-tdmt´m Xncn-°p-∂-X√
k¬IrXyw. F∂m¬ \n›-b-ambpw A√m-lp-hnepw A¥y-Zn-\-Ønepw ae-
°p-If - nepw thZ-{K-Ÿß- f- nepw {]hm-NI- ≥am-cnepw hniz-kn-°p-Ibpw A√m-
62 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
11
hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥
{]Xn-]m-Zy-Øns‚ {]IrXw
Z ¿i-\-ßfpw hnNm-c-hn-izm-k-ßfpw hni-I-e\w sNøp∂ hntizm-Ø-c-ß-
fmb \nc-h[n {KŸ-ß-fp≠v. Ncn-{X-K-Xn-bn¬ Ime-Øns‚ kzm[o\w Ah-
bn¬ \nd-hy-Xym-k-ß-fp-≠m-°n-b-Xm-bn-°mWmw. Ah-bpsS `mjy-ß-fnepw
hymJym-\-ß-fnepw hnhn-[-ß-fmb ]mTm-¥-c-߃ kw{I-an-s®-Øn-bn-´p-
ap≠v. ASn-ÿm-\-[m-c-I-fn¬ t]mepw hyXn-bm-\-߃ kw`-hn-®-Xm-bn-
°mWmw. F∂m¬ P\-]-Z-ß-fpsS cpNn-t`-Z-ß-sfbpw Ime-°m-‰n-s‚ kzc
hyXym-k-ß-sfbpw AXn-Po-hn-®p-sIm≠v, km¿h-P-\o-\hpw km¿h-Im-en-I-
hp-amb imiz-X-aq-ey-ß-f-Wn™v {]`m-kn-°p∂ A]q¿hw {KŸ-ß-fp≠v.
Ah-bn-sem-∂mWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥.
A\p-hm-NI a\- p-If - n¬ hnjaw krjvSn-°m\pw Ah-cpsS kwkvIm-
c-Øn¬ hnjw {]k-cn-∏n-°m\pw t{]-cI-amb ]pkvX-I-߃ C∂v hnc-f-a√.
Chn-sS-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ F∂ alZv{KŸ-Øns‚ Hu∂Xyhpw Hu¬Ir-
jvSyhpw \sΩ lTm-Zm-I¿jn-°p-∂Xv. ⁄m\-hn-⁄m-\-ß-fpsS kam-lm-
c-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ `uXn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb {]]-©sØ AXv kq£va-
ambpw ka-{K-ambpw hni-I-e\w sNøp-∂p≠v. kp\n-›n-X-amb {]Ir-Xn-\n-
b-aß- f- psS ASn-kvY
- m-\Ø
- n-emWv F√mw krjvSn-°s- ∏-´n-´p-≈s
- X∂ auenI
hnizm-k-Øn-eq-∂n-s°m-≠p-≈-XmWv Jp¿-B-\nse {]Ir-Xn-]-c-ß-fmb ]cm-
a¿i-ß-sf√mw. F√m Adn-hp-Ifpw kq£va-hn-i-I-e-\-Øn¬ ]c-kv]-c-_-
‘n-X-ß-fmWv. Ah-sb√mw hyXykvX kz`m-h-ß-tfmSp-Iq-Snb imkv{X-
am-sW∂pw imkv{XsØ th¿Xn-cn-®p-Im-Wm≥ XpS-ßn-bm¬ AXn∂v Pohn-
X-hp-ambp≈ A`n∂ `mhw t_m≤y-s∏-Sm≥ Aku-I-cy-am-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂pw
AXn-\m¬ F√m Adn-hp-I-sfbpw Ah PohnX _‘n-I-fm-sW∂ \ne-
bn¬ imkv{Xw (C¬av) F∂-]Zw sIm≠mWv Jp¿-B≥ hnti-jn-∏n-®n-´p-≈-
sX∂pw a\- n-em°mw.
{]]-©hpw AXn-ep≈ kI-eXpw Ah-bpsS {]Ir-Xhpw [¿Ωhpw
Ah GtXXv {]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emtWm \S-°p-∂Xv
B \nb-a-ß-fp-sa√mw imkv{Xw Dƒs°m-≈p∂p. a\p-jys‚ [¿Ωhpw
ZuXyhpw kmaq-ln-I-amb _‘-ßfpw _m≤y-X-Ifpw a\p-jys‚ am\-
knI ˛ B≤ym-flnI khn-ti-j-X-I-fp-sa√mw hni-I-e\w sNøp∂ Hcp
hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ {]Xn-]m-Zy-Øns‚ {]IrXw 63
ka-{K-thZ{KŸ-amWv Jp¿-B≥. F∂m¬ ⁄m\n-sbbpw imkv{X-⁄-
s\bpw krjvSn-°p-I-b√ Jp¿-Bs‚ e£yw. {]XypX PvRm\-hn-⁄m-\-
߃ kam-l-cn®v Ah \¬Ip∂ shfn-®-Øn-eqsS a\p-jy-Po-hn-XsØ ]Sn-
]-Sn-bm-bpb-¿Øn Cuiz-c-k-∂n[n {]m]n-°p-hm≥ klm-bn-°p-I-bmWv B
thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ hn`m-hn-X-e£yw. a\p-jy≥ t\cn-Sp∂ {]iv\-߃°pw
{]tl-fn-IIƒ°pw Jp¿-B≥ ]cn-lmcw \n¿t±-in-°p∂p. a\- n-s‚bpw
Bflm-hn-s‚bpw t\mhp-Isf ]cnian∏n°m≥ t]mcp∂ Znhyu-j[w Jp¿-
B≥ kΩm-\n-°p∂p. cmK-tZz-jm-Zn-at\mamen-\y-ßsf hnip-≤o-Ic - n®v kmXzn-
I-amb Znhy-`m-h-ß-fm-°n-hn-f-bn-s®-Sp-°m≥ t]m∂-XmWv Jp¿-B≥ F∂v
t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ \nc-h[n kµ¿`-ß-f-Xn-ep≠v. {]Xn-ImcZmlw sIm≠v
Ien-bp-d™ Da-dns‚ am\-km-¥cw Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-ß-fpsS Huj-[-]-
c-amb KpW-]p-jvI-e-X-bmWv hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-∂Xv. Jp¿B-\nI hN- p-I-fm-
hm-ln®p \nev°p∂ Bflob kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS h\y-amb i‡n-kn-≤nIƒ°v
ap∂n¬ lrZ-b-Zm\w \n¿h-ln® A_vko-\n-b≥ N{I-h¿Øn-bpsS IYm-
Xew sXfn-®p-Im-´p-∂Xpw AXpXs∂-bmWv. {]hm-N-Is\ hI-h-cp-Øm≥
IpSn-e-X{¥w sa\-s™-Sp-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂ {]Xn-tbm-Kn-I-ƒt]mepw Zpc-`n-
am\w HXp°n aS-°n-sh®v Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-ß-fpsS Aar-X-IWw \pW-
bm≥ Ccp-fns‚ ad-]‰n Hfn-™n-cp∂v ImtXm¿Ø kw`-h-߃ hy‡-am-°p-
∂Xpw as‰m-∂√.
temtIm¬]-Øn-ap-X¬ temIm¥yw hsc {]]-©sØ Bk-Iew
Bh-cWw sNøm≥ t]mcp-amdv A\-¥-hn-im-e-amWv Jp¿B-\nse {]Xn-
]mZyw. {]]-©-Øns‚ Dev]Øn, ]cn-Wmaw, LS\, hyhkvX XpS-ßnb
F√m-‰n-s\bpw Jp¿-B≥ hni-I-e\w sNøp∂p. Cu {]]-©-Øns‚
{kjvSmhpw \nb-¥mhpw Bsc∂pw Ahs‚ {]Ir-Xhpw A[n-Im-c-ßfpw
Fs¥∂pw GXv _en-jvT-amb ASn-Ø-d-bn-emWv Ah≥ Cu {]]-©-hy-
hkvX sI´n-∏-Sp-Ø-sX∂pw Cu temIØv a\p-jys‚ [¿Ωhpw ]Z-hn-bp-
sa-s¥∂pw Jp¿-B≥ hni-Z-am-°p∂p. Hcp hc´pXXz-im-kv{X-am-b√ Jp¿-
B≥ Ah-Xo¿Æ-am-bXv. Hcp XXz-im-kv{X-Øns‚ N´-°qSpw AXn-\n√.
D]-tbm-Kn-Xtbm {]mtbm-Kn-I-Xtbm D∂wsh°m-Xp≈ "\nc-t]-£-amb
Adnhv' {]Zm\w sNøp∂ Hcp Z¿i\ inev]-hp-a√ Jp¿-B≥. Pohn-X-Øns‚
I¿a-afi - e
- sØ Nqgv∂p\nev°p∂ Hcp hn⁄m\ t{kmX- m-WXv. ssZhw,
{]]©w, a\p-jy≥ ˛ Ch XΩn-ep≈ Ahn-—n-∂-amb _‘sØ hni-Zo-
I-cn-®p-sIm≠v t_m[-{]-]-©sØ D÷o-hn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv Jp¿-Bs‚
Dt±iyw. CXp-hgn Bflo-b-amb Hcp ssNX\y {]l¿jw a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-
Øn-ep-Zbw sNøp∂p. Ne-\m-fl-I-amb Du¿÷-kz-e-amb ˛ HcmZ¿i-k-aq-
l-Øns‚ kwÿm-]-\-amWv Jp¿-Bs‚ hn`m-hn-X-e£yw.
""P\-߃°nXv hgn-Im-´n-bmWv. F√m am¿§-ßfpw CXv hni-Z-ambn
\n¿t±-in-°p∂p.''
""Ahn-I-e-amb bp‡n-hn-Nm-cw-sIm≠v kXym-k-Xy-߃ hnth-Nn-
°p∂ Cu {KŸw kwi-b-te-i-at\y hniz-kvX-\mb Hcp \ymbm-[n-
]-\s{X.''
""CXn-s\-∏‰n FXn-c` - n-{]m-ba
- p-≈h
- ¿°v Imcy-߃ hy‡-am-°p-∂X- n-
64 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
∂-√msX \mw Cu {KŸw \n\°v shfn-hm-°n-Ø-∂n-´n√. hniz-kn-°p-∂-
h¿°v CXn¬ am¿§-\n¿t±-ihpw Imcp-Wy-hp-ap≠v.''
""Ign™ Ime-ß-fn¬ Cd-°o-´p-≈Xpw Nn∂n-®n-X-dn-°n-S-°p-∂-Xp-
amb kIe A\p-im-k-\-ßfpw A≤ym-]-\-ßfpw CXn-e-S-ßn-bn-cn-
°p∂p.''
""CXn¬ Ak-Xy-Øns‚ IWnI t]mep-an√.'' CXmWv Jp¿-Bs‚
{]Xn-]m-Zy-Øns‚ {]IrXw. PohnX ]q¿Æ-Xsb kam-tem-I\w sNbvXp-
sIm-≠p≈ hcn-jvS-amb Hcm-Jym-\-am-WnXv.
kmam\y a\pjy _p≤nsb F∂pw hnkvab hnh-i-am-°m-dp≈ aq∂v
tNmZy-ß-fp≠v.
BcmWv a\p-jy≥?
F¥mWv {]]©w?
F¥n-\mWv PohnXw?
DØcw Is≠-Øm≥ a\p-jy≥ ]n∂n´ cm∏-Ie - p-Iƒ ˛ Ime-ssZ¿Lyw
˛ Af-h-‰-XmWv. Ah≥ \S-Ønb kml-knI {ia-߃ Ahym-tJy-b-ß-
fmWv. {]hm-N-I≥amcpw thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fp-amWv Ahbv°v adp-]Sn \¬In-bXv.
EPphpw efn-Xhpw Ah-{Ihpw ]q¿Æ-hp-amb coXn-bn¬ Jp¿-B≥ \¬Inb
adp-]Sn Gsd {it≤-b-am-bn-tXm∂n. Jp¿-B≥ A\p-Km\w sNøp∂ k\m-
X-\m-i-b-ßsf Cßs\ kwt£-]n°mw:
GI\pw k¿h-i-‡-\p-amb A√mlphmWv
{]]-©-Øns‚ krjvSn-I¿Ømhv.
Bcm-[-\bv°pw A\p-k-c-W-Øn\pw ka¿l-\mbn
Ah≥ am{Xw.
`qan-bn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ {]Xn-\n-[nbpw
krjvSn-I-fn¬ t{ijvT-\p-amWv a\p-jy≥.
{]]©w a\p-jys‚ \≥a-°p-th≠n krjvSn-°-s∏´p.
Cl˛]c-ß-fn¬ \o≠p-\n¬°p-∂-XmWv PohnXw.
AXn-\m¬ a\p-jy-Po-hnXw A\-¥hpw imiz-X-hp-amWv.
AXnse \iz-chpw £Wn-I-hp-amb
Hcp IÆn am{X-amWv sFlnI PohnXw.
Cu Pohn-Xhpw AXnse kzmX-{¥yhpw
]co-£-Wm¿∞w \¬I-s∏´ A\p-`-h-ß-fmWv.
ssZhw Xnc-s™-SpØ A\p-Kr-lo-X-cmWv {]hm-N-I≥am¿.
PohnX hntam-N-\-Øns‚ alm-a-{¥-ß-fmWv
thZ-km-c-߃.
thZ-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw {]hm-NI Ncy-Ifpw
a\p-jy-hw-i-Øns‚ hgn-Im-´n-I-fmWv.
B am¿§-Øn-eqsS GI-ssZ-hsØ am{Xw
Bcm-[n-®p-sIm≠v
]c-temI tam£-Øn-∂mbn
bXv\n-°p-hm≥ a\p-jy≥ Iev]n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p.
a\p-jy-\mWv Jp¿-Bs‚ tI{µm-ibw.
hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ {]Xn-]m-Zy-Øns‚ {]IrXw 65
Ahs‚ ]p\x-kr-jvSn-bmWv
AXns‚ hn`m-hnX e£yw.
kmay `mh kpµ-c-amb kaq-l-kr-jvSn-°p-th≠n
Jp¿-B≥ \ne-sIm-≈p∂p.
AXp-sIm≠v Ckvemw a\p-jy-k-a-Xzhpw
kzmX-{¥y-hp-ap-ZvtLm-jn®p.
kmº-ØnI \oXnbpw kmaq-lnI ka-Xzhpw
hnfw-_cw sNbvXp.
F√m hnt[-b-Xz-ßfpw ASn-a-Ø-ßfpw
AXv Adp-sØ-dn™p.
IpSpw-_-hy-h-ÿ-Iƒ ]p\-cm-hn-jvI-cn®p.
\h \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS s]cp-ºd apg°n.
[oc \qX\ am\-h-N-cn-X-Øn\v
]›m-Ø-e-sam-cp°n.
Nn¥-bp-sSbpw Ncy-I-fp-sSbpw taJ-e-Iƒ
ka-{Khpw ]q¿Æ-hp-am-°m≥
]q¿h-Km-an-I-fpsS hnNm-c-hr-Øn-Isf hn\n-tbm-Kn®p.
Jp¿-B≥ {]hm-NI ]c-º-c-bpsS
Z¿i\ kmcw kam-h-ln-°p∂p.
AXv, P\-\-a-c-W-߃°n-S-bn-ep≈
kI-em-\p-`-h-ßfpw hni-I-e\w sNøp∂p.
AXv, kky-e-Xm-Zn-Iƒ, ]£n-ar-Km-Zn-Iƒ
\nt›-X-\-in-em-X-e-߃ ˛Aßs\
AXn-km-[m-c-W-ß-fmb {]IrXn {]Xn-`m-k-߃˛
Ah-bn-te°v \sΩ-bm-I¿jn-°p∂p;
\ΩpsS Nn¥m-i-‡nsb X´n-bp-W¿Øp∂p.
AXv, kuc-a-fi-e-a-S°w F√m-‰n-s\bpw
{]]© Ne-\-ß-sfbpw hnNm-c-hn-t[-b-am-°p∂p.
Ahbv°v ]nd-Inse krjvSn-ssh-`-hsØ
t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p.
AXv kI-em-[n-\m-Y-\mb {kjvSm-hns‚
Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn-te°v \sΩ \bn-°p∂p.
B a[p-c-hoW \ΩpsS lrZ-b-Øn-\-Sp-Øp-sh®v ao´p-tºmƒ \ΩpsS
lrZ-b-ho-W-bnse X{¥n-I-fmsI A\p-kv]-µ-`-cn-X-am-Ip∂p. a\- nse
amen-\y-ßfpw æm\-X-Ifpw AXv Igp-In-°-f-bp∂p. AXv a\- n¬ tZh `mh-
\-Iƒ hnf-bn-°p∂p. {]]-©-]-cm-`-h-ß-fn¬\n∂p≈ hn\n¿ap‡n AhnsS
km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p! Jp¿-B-\nse Is≠-Ø-ep-Iƒ Jfin-X-amWv;
\nc-t]-£a - mWv; BXy-¥n-Ia- mWv. ImcWw AXv a\p-jym-Xo-Xa - mb H∂ns‚
{]Im-i-\-amWv. a\pjy Kth-j-W-߃°pw ]co-£-W-߃°pw ]cn-an-Xn-
I-fp≠v. kµ¿`-߃, D]m-[n-Iƒ F∂n-h-bm¬ ]cn-ko-an-X-hp-am-Wh. Jp¿-
B-\nI bmYm¿∞y-߃, a\p-jy-hn-⁄m\w FØn-t®-cp-∂-Xns‚ ka-
kvXhpw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Jp¿-Bs\ a\p-jys‚ BXy-¥n-I-
66 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw 67

bm-Ym¿∞y-ß-fp-ambn _‘n-∏n-°m\pw Xpe\w sNøm\pw {ian-°p-∂Xv

icn-b√. kXy-Øns‚ shfn-]m-Sp-I-fmWv Jp¿-B-\n¬. "t\Xn-t\Xn'bma-
{¥n-®psIm≠v apt∂m´p t]mIp∂ a\p-jy≥ kXy-Z¿i-\-Øn-\p≈ {ia-Øn-
emWv. B {ia-th-f-bnse A\p-`-h-ßfpw A\p-`q-Xn-Ifpw tIhe kXy-hp-
ambn Xmc-Xayw sNbvXp-IqSm.
Jp¿-B≥ Ct∂m-fa - p-≠m-bn-´p≈ thZ-ßs
- fsb√mw AwKo-Ic
]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ ]cn-l-cn®v ]q¿Æ-h¬°-cn-°-s∏´ H∂mWv Jp¿-B≥. AXn-
\m¬ Jp¿-Bs‚ Bhn¿`m-h-tØmsS a‰p thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-fpsS {]k‡n
- n-°p∂p.
12
\jvS-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂v Jp¿-B≥ {]Jym-]n-°p∂p. {]hm-NI t{ijvT-
\mbn Jp¿-B≥ apl-Ω-Zns\ hne-bn-cp-Øp∂p. {]hm-N-I¿ a\p-jy-cm- kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ khn-tij kao-]\w
sW∂pw Ah-cn¬ ZnhyXzw Btcm-]n-°-cp-sX∂pw Jp¿-B≥ Jfin-X-ambn
hne-°p∂p. F√m P\-hn-`m-K-ß-fnepw {]hm-N-I≥am-cp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw
Hcp {]hm-N-I\pw a\p-jy-km-am-\y-Øn-\m-b-√msX Hcp hn`m-Kob thZn-°p-
ssZhsØ Bcm-[n-°p-hm\pw AXp-hgn ssIh-cp∂ Pzen-°p∂ Bfl-`m-
hsØ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØn ka-jvSnsb tkhn-°p-hm-\pw -k-Xy-hn-izm-
th-≠n-am{Xw ]nd-∂-h-c-s√∂pw Jp¿-B≥ {]t_m-[n-®n-cn-°p∂p.
kn°v Ign-bp∂p. \nc-¥cw {Ia-]q¿hIw Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂ \a-kvImc
krjvSn-I-fn¬ Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏´ hcn-jvS-kr-jvSn-bmWv a\p-jy≥.
{Inb-bpsS \n¿h-l-W-Øn¬ \na-·-\mbn \nev°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn°v
a\p-jy-cn¬\n∂v kmXznI hnip-≤n-sIm≠v Xnc-s™-Sp-°s - ∏-´h
- \
- mWv apl-
Xs‚ ]n∂n¬ i‡n t{imX- mbn ssZhw Ah-ÿm\w sNøp-∂p≠v F∂
ΩZv. AXn-\m¬ apl-ΩZv Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-h-cn¬ sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´-h-
t_m[w A]m-c-amb Bfl-hn-izmkw kΩm-\n-°p∂p.
\mbn.
as‰mcp aX Xe-Øn-ep-an-√mØ khn-ti-jX ]© \nkvImc {Inb-bn-
kI-e-kv]¿in-bmw-hn[w kºq¿Æhpw k\m-X-\Xzw sIm≠v \nXy
eqsS Ckvemw kzmb-Ø-am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p. Hcp kXy-hn-izm-knsb kw_-
`mkp-c-hp-amb ssZh hN- p-I-fpsS kap-®-b-amWv hnip-≤-Jp¿-B≥.
‘n-t®-S-tØmfw ssZhw Ahs‚ a\- n¬\n∂v Hgn™p\nev°p∂ t\c-
an√. DW¿∂n-cn-°p∂ Ime-b-f-hns\ A©mbn ]IpØv ASn-°Sn ssZh-
sØ-tbm¿°m≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-amdv {]m¿Y\m {Iaw kwhn-[m\w sNbvX
Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-tbmfw ssZh-Øns‚ kam-cm-≤y-X-bw-Ko-I-cn-°p-Ibpw
AXns‚ i‡nkn≤n-Isf Pohn-X-Øn-em-hm-ln-°m≥ Bflm¿Y-ambn {ian-
°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ as‰mcp aX-an√. ]c-Imcy hy{K-X-sIm≠v ad-°m≥ XpS-
ßp-tºm-tg°pw Hm¿°m≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p-amdv {]m¿Y\m t\c-߃ Nn´-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. {]mW-izm-kt- Ø-°mƒ {]map-Jyhpw ]cn-KW - \ - bpw \¬In
CS-hn-´-nS-hn´v \a-kvImc {Inb-b-\p-h¿Øn®v AXv ico-c-Øns‚ t]mepw
kz`m-h-am-°n-am-‰nb kXy-hn-izm-kn°v ssZh-hn-kvarXn Hc-km-≤y-X-bmWv.
ssZhsØ F√m \nan-j-ßfnepw Hm¿°m≥ Ign-bp-tºmƒ hnizm-kn°v
am¿§{`wiw hcp-∂n√. `uXnI Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]cm-`-h-ß-fnepw {]hr-Øn-I-
fnepw Bflo-b-amb {]Im-i-In-c-W-߃ h¿jn®v I¿a-X-esØ hnip-≤-am-
°m≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn°v km[n-°p∂p.
ssZhw Xs∂ ssIsh-Sn-bm-tØ-S-tØmfw Xs‚ am¿§w ]ngbv-°n-
s√∂pw, Bfl-ssÿcyw AN-©-e-ambn h¿Øn-°p-sa∂pw hnizm-kn°v
t_m≤y-ap≠v. At±lw {]m¿Y-\-bn-eqsS \a-kvImc I¿a-ß-fn-eqsS Bfl-
i‡n h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw AX-{Xbpw ka-jvSn-bpsS tamN-\-Øn-∂mbn
hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. kXy-hn-izmkn ssZh-sØbpw temI-
sØbpw Xs‚ Nn¥-bpsS thZn-bn¬ At\ym-\y-_‘ - n-Xß- f - √
- mØ sh≈w
tIdmØ Ad-I-fn-embn Dd-∏n®p\n¿Øp-I-b√ sNøp-∂Xv. c≠pw ]c-kv]c
`n∂-ßtfm hncp-≤-ßtfm A√. ssZh-Øns‚ Ifnhnf-bm-´-amWv {]]-©-
th-Zn-bn¬ A`n-Z¿in-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. Hcp Znhy-bm-Ym¿Yy-Øns‚ Ccp-]p-d-ß-
68 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ khn-tij kao-]\w 69

fmbn Cl]-cß - sf ImWp-hm-\p≈ aX-t_m-[a - mWv kXy-hn-izmkw hf¿Øn- Xbpw Imem-Xn-h¿Øn-Xzhpw {]tLm-jn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-I-bm¬ C\n- a-s‰mcp
s°m-≠p-h-∂n-´p-≈Xv. euInI Pohn-XsØ XymPy-{Kmly hnth-N-\-]-Sp-X- s°m-SNp-Ø
{]hm- -Is‚ n-´p≠v Xncp- . krjv hp-ZS-bn-I -af -p-≠ n¬m-D¬Ir- hp-I-bj n-svS√∂pw ]
- Z- a - mWv Hcp ssZhw kXy-a\p- hn-i jzmkn y\v \¬In- ZrV-
tbmsS Aæ-ip-≤n°v hnt[-b-am-°n-bmWv ]c-temI Pohn-X-Øn-te-°p≈ bn- ´ p-≈
ambn hniz-kn-°p∂p. Xv . ssZhw a\p- j y\v hnti- j -_ p≤n IqSn kΩm- \ n®p. ka- {k-jvS-
]cn-{I-aWw \n¿h-ln-°p-∂Xv. temI-Po-hnXw ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ cq]-s∏- ßsf""C∂v tkhn-Rm≥ °m\pw\nß- ssZh fpsS k∂n- aXw [n-]q¿Øo-
bn-te-°I -pb¿s∂Øm\pw
-cn®p Xcn-IbpwAh∂v Fs‚ A\p- am{X-
SpØn ]c-tem-I-]-Y-Øn-te°v \ofp-tºmƒ am{Xta Pohn-X-Øns‚ Pb-]- amWv ssZh- i ‡n
{Klw \n߃°v kºq¿Æ-am-°p-Ibpw Ckvem-ans\ \n߃°v Pohn-X-hy- kΩm- \ n- ® Xv . a\p- j ys‚ [¿Ωhpw ZuXyhpw t_m≤y-
cm-P-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®v hn[n-]-d-bm≥ km[n-°p-I-bp≈q. Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bnse s∏-
h- ÿ SpØn bm°n Ahs‚ Xr]vX{]bm- n-s∏-´pX- Wc-]p-I Ywbpw sXfn®pIm´n
sNbvXn-cn-°Ah- p∂p'' s\- (5:3) ]n-F∂ g-°m-skq‡w X-\-bn-
Cu A·n-]-co-£-bn¬\n∂v B¿°pw amdn-\n-ev°pI km≤y-a√. Xnc-s™- °m≥ ssZh-
AXmWv shfn-hm-°p-∂Xv. l n- X -Ø ns‚ h‡m- ° ƒ, kwhm- l -I ¿ Imem- I m- e -ß -f n¬ P\-
Sp-°-s∏´ a\p-jy-\mbn, thZ{KŸw \¬I-s∏-´-h-\mbn, alm-a-Xn-bmbn ]-Z-ßHcp -fn¬kXy- {]Xy- £ - s ∏- ´ n- ´ p≠v
hn-izm-knsb kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw ssZh-Z-Ø-ambn Icp- . {]hm- N - I - ] - c - º - c - b n- e qsS {]Im- i n- X - a mb
«mLn-°-s∏´ {]hm-N-I-s\-t]mepw Ah-km-\-\m-fnse ]co-£-I-fn¬\n∂v ssZhnI \nb- a -ß
X-s∏-Sp∂ ico-A-Øns\, Xs‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚ `c-W-L-S-\sb CjvSw -f psS kap®- b -a mWv ico- A Øv AYhm Pohn- X -h y- h ÿ.
Hgnhm-°n-bn-cp-∂n√! AX-dn-bm-hp-∂X
- p-sIm-≠mWv Xs‚ hnS-hm-߬ {]kw- ico-AØv
t]mse sI´m\pw F∂ ]Z- tXm∂p- Øns‚ tºmƒ A¿YwXs∂ Agn-s®m-am¿§w gn-°m\pw AYhm A[n-I ssZhn-mcw \¬Ip∂ I-am¿§w
K-th-f-bn¬ At±lw Xs‚ ap∂n¬ XSn-®p-Iq-Snb P\-k-l-{k-ß-tfmSv F∂mWv . km¿Y- I
Hcp sI´ \oXnimkv{X-am°n `¿’n-°m\pw A]-l-kn-°m-\p-sam-cp-sº- -
a mb a\pjy Pohn- X -
Ø n¬ kI- e -
⁄ -
\ mb ssZhw Hcp- Sp-
Xs‚ PohnX ZuXy-Øns‚ \n¿h-lW Imcy-sØ-°p-dn®v A`n-{]m-b-am-cm- °n- t b- e
∂Xv Ahn-th-I-amWv. v ] n® PohnX hyh- ÿ - b mWv ico- A Øv .
™Xv. ""Aßv ZuXyw bYm-hn-[n- ]q¿-Øo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p'' F∂v Ah-c-dn- ""F√m
a\p- jy-\ hkv -∑-bXmWv p-°ƒ°pw Ckvem-Ah- anI b ico- psSAkrjv -Øns‚ Sn∏vhn`m- \¬Ip- hn-XI -ebpw £yw. ]ns∂ASn-
bn-®-t∏mƒ {]hm-N-I≥ Xs‚ `mKym-Xn-tc-I-Øn¬ ssZh-Øn\v kvXpXn ÿm-\-]-c-amb A©v Ah-Im-i-ß-fpsS kwc-£Ww AXv tLmjn-°F∂
am¿§w ImWn- ® p-s Im- S p- ° p-I bpw sNbv X -h -\ s{X Ah≥'' (20:50) p∂p.
]d™p. Jp¿-B
aXw, Poh≥, -\nI _p≤n, hN\w kzØv {]Xn-\ n-[m\w sNøp∂
, k¥m\w F∂n-h-bXXzw m-Wh.as‰m- auenIw ∂√.F∂v ico-]d- A-
]c-temI Pohn-Xhpw Cl-temI Pohn-Xhpw ka-\z-bn-®mte PohnX Øns‚ A\p- i m- k
bm-hp∂ Cu ]©-in-em-J-WvU-ß-fn-emWv Ckvem-anI ico-AØv Db¿Ø- -\ ß- s f A\p- [ m- h \w sNøp- I -s b- ∂ Xv Hcp kXy- h n-i zm-
]q¿ÆX ssIh-cn-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw Pohn-X-Ønse kakvX Ne-\-ßepw knsb kw_- ‘
s∏-´n-´p-≈Xv. AXn-\m¬ AXns‚ kwc-£Ww a\pjy \∑-bpsS ]cn-th- n- t ®- S - t Ømfw Aew- L y- a mb [¿a- a mWv . ImcWw
hne-bn-cp-Øs - ∏-Sp-∂p-s≠∂pw kXy-hn-izmkn Dd®p Icp-Xp∂p. Htc t\cØv ""hn[nI¿ØrXzw
j- a-Wn™p \nev° A√m- p∂p.lp-hn\v am{X-amWv'' 6:57
ssZh-sØbpw kajvSn-tbbpw kvt\ln-°m≥ Ign-bpI F∂-XmWv Ckvem- aXw a\p-jys\Ih\y-
]ns∂ \mw aX- m-cy-a ß mb -fn¬ arKm- \n\- hÿ - s°mcp - n¬ico-
b \n∂p- Ab Øv ¿Øp∂ G¿s∏-hc- Sp-ZØ m-\n-b - m-n-
a
anI kwkvIrXnsb∂v Jp¿-B≥ \sΩ [cn-∏n-°p∂p. aX-tØbpw cmjv{S- sW∂ t_m[w apk¬ams‚ a\- n¬ ZrV-cqVamWv. Ahs‚ B¥-cnI-
cn-° p∂p. AXns\ \o A\p- K -a n- ° Ww. Adn- h n- √ m- Ø -h -c psS Xm¬]- c y- ß
tØbpw A`n-∂-am-bn-°m-Wp∂ kwkvImcw Aß-s\-bmWv {]mZp¿`-hn-°p- fpsS ]nd-In¬
temIsØ DW¿Øp- t]mI-c∂ pXvXpw (45:18) Ahs\ F∂pssZh IqSn Jp¿- k∂n- B[≥n-b Bh- n-te-i °y-p-s∑∏-p-SJp-t-\ºmƒ m-°p-
∂Xv. ∂Xpw Ahs‚ aX-t_m-[-amWv. AXn-\m¬ hy‡n-bpsS aX-A
Hcp hnizm- k n-b psS [m¿anI _m≤yX A\p- ‡ -
k n≤amWv . ""ico- h-Ø o-£ns‚ -W-
euIn-I-Po-hn-XsØ \n m-c-am-bn-°m-Wp-Ibpw AXn¬\n∂v shfn- t{kmX v
Øns‚ kzX- Jp¿- {¥-B X\pw bpw ]hn- AXns‚ {X-Xbpw hni-Ckv Zo-Ie -c-W mw -aapJy- mb kp∂Øpw ambn ImWp∂p. BIp∂p. ""aX-
°p-NmSn {_“-]Zw tXSp-Ibpw sNøp∂ temI \ntj-[n-Iƒ°v Hcn-°epw AXn-\m¬
Øns‚ hnj- ico- b-Ø An¬ -ØbmsXmcp ns‚ bYm¿Y \n¿_- \ne ‘{Kln- hpw sNep- °p-∂Ø -Xn\v m≥Jp¿- ]mSn- B -s\bpw
s√''∂pw
tam£w ssIh-cn-I-bn√. ImcWw, Ah¿°v X߃ tXSp∂ Cuiz-c-Xz- AXns‚ hnh- c - W
(2:256) ""aX-a¿±\w sIme-]m-X-I-sØ-°mƒ ITn-\-am-sW''∂pw (2:191) - a mb kp∂- Ø n- s \bpw ]‰n\S- ° Ww''.
sØ-°p-dn®v Adn-bm≥ Ign-bp-∂n√. {]tLm- a\p- jj n-° y≥ p∂ HcpkXy- kmaq- Z¿i- lnI- \-Ø Po-h ns‚ n-bmWv AIw . AXn- s]mcp- \m¬ fns\ Ah-hnIr- Im-iX -ß -afpw
m-°IS- m≥
Dcp-f-t®mdp ssIhn´n˛ a-I fpw \n¿Æ- b n-°
{ian-°p-∂Xv Ahn-th-I-amWv˛Acm-Xn-I-fpsS Ak-ln-jvWpX sIm≠m- p∂ \nb- a -ß -f p-≠ mbn. AXv hf¿∂p hnI- k n®v cmjv {Sm-
´p≈w ssI\-°pthm \nh≥ ¥- c ob _‘- ß -
bmepw˛Bcm-[-I-cpsS AXn-`‡nsIm≠m-bmepw AXv A£-¥-hy-amWv. s f- t ∏mepw Nn´- s ∏- S p- Ø p∂ cmjv { S \nb- a - ß - f pap≠mbn.
F∂v ]©-Zio-Im-c≥ (`mjm-]-©-Zin) ]d-™-Xp-t]mse Fhn-sStbm ico-A
kmaq- lØv y-am-kzev ‰-amWv ]w GXv hyXy-am\- ÿh -amWv nI Z¿i- . Ckv \e hpw m-anI hn`m- hnizm-h\wksNøp- -a-\p-k∂ -cXv n®v.
sN∂v Ccp-fn¬ X∏p-I-bm-W-h≥. aX-sØbpw cmjv{So-b-sØbpw ka-\z-bn- ]q¿Æ Pohn- X - s a-
Jp¿-B≥ CXn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvXa√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv kXy-th-Z-Øn¬ DS-∂ Xp Cl˛]c- ß - f nse I¿a {]]- © - Ø ns‚ ka- \ z- b -am-
∏n-°p-tºmƒ am{Xsa ]q¿Æ kXysØ km£m¬°-cn-°m\pw AXns‚ Wt√m. AXn- \ m¬
\ofw P\w (A∂mkv) F∂ ]Zw \nd™p\nev°p-∂Xv. P\-ß-fn-emWv {]m]- © nI Pohn- X -Ø nse hnhmlw, kmº- Ø nI CS-
A\p-Km-Xm-°-fmbn amdm\pw \ap°v km[n-°p-I-bp≈q. ]m-Sp-B
Jp¿- Iƒ, ≥ cmjv am‰-a{S-m-{`K--cl Ww, n-°in£- p-∂Xv.IXms\m- ƒ XpSßn ‰-bn¬ ]c-t{_“- emI]Pohn- Zw sImXn- X-Øn-t° e°p p∂
cmjv{So-bØ - n¬\n∂v aXsØ am‰n\n¿Øp-tºmƒ cmjv{Sobw A[¿an- kmam-\y-am-\-kn-Im-h-ÿ-bn¬\n∂v Xo¿Øpw hyXn-cn-‡-amWo kao-]-I\w.
IqSn D∂wsh®p≈ hnizmkw, \a- k vI mcw, t\mºv , k°mØv F∂n- h qSn
I-fp-sSbpw Ahn-th-In-I-fp-sSbpw Ah-ÿm-\-ambn ]cn-W-an°pw. cmjv{So- {]hm-N-I≥ F∂pw kwkm-cn-®Xv P\-ß-tfm-SmWv. hnS-hm-߬ {]kwKw-
Dƒs°m- ≈ p- ∂ - X mWv apk¬ams‚ PohnX hyh- ÿ - I ƒ. Cu hnj- b - ß
bsØ aX-Øn¬\n∂v X´n-b-I-‰p-tºmƒ aXw PohnX K‘n-b-√mØ GtXm sf√mw
hsc {]hm- ico-NA -IØv ≥B ssIImcyw \njvI¿j sNøp∂p. ]men-®n-Cßs\ ´p≠v. A∂- ico-hA nsS Øv km¿h-kw_-
t\cn¬ Im-en-
Ahy-‡m-i-b-ß-fpsS kz]v\ `qanbm-b-h-ti-jn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. AXn- I- a mb khn- t i- j
‘n-°m≥ Ign-bmsXt]mb P\-]-Z-߃°pw Cu Ime-K-Xn-bn¬ XpS¿∂p - X - I - f - W n™ InS- b ‰ kºq¿Æ Pohn- X sØ hn`m- h\w
\m¬ aXhpw cmjv{So-bhpw At`-Zy-ambn h¿Øn-°p∂p. Cu khn-tij sNøp∂p
hcp∂ P\-]c F∂- - º - c X n- \ m¬
- bv°pw Xs‚ hN- p-Iƒ ssIam-dW ASn- ÿ m\ hnj- b - ß - f n¬ - sHcp am‰w
- a∂v AhnsS°qSnb Bh- i y- a mbn
kaXz kwkvImcw a‰p aX-ß-fn-sem∂pw C{Xbpw i‡-am-bn-°m-Wm≥ hcp- ∂
e£- Ø n¬]cw n-s √∂v Hcp apk¬am≥
hcp- ∂ - h - t cmSv hniz- k n-° p∂p.
At±- l - a - ` y¿Yn®p. Ckv e m- a nI ico- A P\-Øv
Ign-™n-´n√. aX-Øns‚ BXy-¥n-I-t_m[w˛[¿a t_m[w ˛ cmjv{So-b- AYhm PohnX hyhÿ
ßsf˛kmam\yP\sØ˛kmaq-lnI ]ptcm-K-Xn-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-L-S-I- {]hm- N I Pohn- X - Ø ns‚ Ccp- ] Øn aq∂v h¿j-
Øn-te-°m-\-bn® BZysØ aX-Z¿i-\-ambn Ckvemw «mLn-°s∏Sp∂p. sØ AwKo-
ambn Im-e-b I-f-c-h n®p-stemI- Im≠vØhy‡- nse BZysØ ambn ]q¿Æ- aX-Xa-e mbn -amWvshfn- Ckvhem-mw. °-skaql ∏-´n-cn-
{kjvSm-hmb ssZhw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw k¿h-i-‡-\p-amWv. F√m °p∂psh∂pw BZw
kwhn-[m-\-Ønepw Ncn-{X-\n¿an-Xn-bn¬Ø-s∂bpw {i≤n-°-s∏-tS≠ ASn- apX- e p≈ {]hm- N I a\-   p- I - f n¬ hnf™ khn- ti-
Poh-Pm-e-߃°pw ssZhw hyXy-kvX-amb Pohn-X-N-cy-Iƒ Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn- jm- i b
- ß
- s
- f√mw
ÿm-\-L-SIw kmam\y P\-am-sW∂v BZy-ambn I≠Xpw tLmjn-®Xpw Ckv e mw kzmwio- I c
- n-° p- ∂ p- s h∂pw ico- A Ø
- ns‚ ]q¿Æ-
70 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Ckvem-amWv. CXv \ntj ( )bpsS ImgvN-∏m-Sn¬ \n∂v hyXy-kvX-
amWv. CXv tπt‰m-hns‚ kao-]-\-Øn¬\n∂v hyXn-cn-‡-amWv. CXv
Fta¿k¨ ( ) hn`m-h\w sNbvX-Xn¬\n∂v hn`n-∂-amWv. CXv Ae-
Ivknkv Imtd¬ ( ) kz]v\w I≠-Xp-t]m-se-bp-a√. ]ptcm-ln-X∑
- m-
scbpw _p≤n-Po-hn-I-sf-bp-a√ Ckvemw ]c-am-h-ew-_-am-bn-°-≠Xv. kmam-
\y-P-\-Øn-emWv Ckvemw {i≤ tI{µo-I-cn-®Xv.
\h-Z¿i-\-Øns‚ {]N-c-Wm¿Yw
Nne¿ A`y-kvX-hn-Zy-sc-bm-Wm-{i-bn-®Xv
Nne¿ kh¿Æ hn`m-KsØ
Nne¿ kº-∂sc
Nne¿ the-°msc
a‰p-Nn-e¿ kaq-l-Ønse GsX-¶n-ep-sam-cp-P\
hn`m-KsØ
F∂m¬ kmaq-ly-am-‰-Øn\pw hnIm-k-Øn\pw ]c-a-amb LSIw
kmam\y P\-am-sW∂v (A∂mkv) Ckvemw hniz-kn®p. PmXn h¿§-h¿Æ
hn`m-K-߃°-Xo-X-ambn h¿Øn-°p∂ kmam\y P\-tØm-SmWv Ckvemw
kwkm-cn-®Xv. am‰-Øn\v kaq-l-amWv {]mcw-`-I-Xz-sa-Sp-t°-≠Xv. k^-e-
amb, ÿmbn-bmb am‰w AXp-h-gn-am-{Xsa km[n-°p-I-bp≈q. ""Hcp kaqlw
kzbw \∂m-hm≥ {ian-°m-Øn-S-tØmfw Imew A√mlp Ahsc \∂m-°p-
I-bn√'' (13:11) kaq-l-Ønse Hmtcm Bfl-I-Whpw Xs‚ am¿§-Øn¬
Fßs\ kv]µn®p F∂v ssZhw k{i≤w ho£n-°p-∂p-s≠∂ Jp¿-B-
\nI kqN\ (74:38) B Zni-bn-te-°mWv hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂Xv. CXv hy‡n-
bpsS kmaq-ly_m-≤yX IqSn A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p∂p.
kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ khn-tij kao-]\w 71
13
Ckvemw Hcp ka-\z-b-Z¿i\w
H cp \qX-\-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bpsS kap¬Lm-S-\-amWv Ckvemw km[n-®Xv.
AXp-sIm≠v a\p-jy≥ A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ kI-e- hn-j-b-ß-fp-sSbpw
Bg-∏-c-∏p-I-fn-te°v shfn®w hnX-dp-hm≥ Ckvemw {i≤n®p. ssZhw,
{]]©w, PohnXw, a\p-jy≥ F∂o \mep- a-fi-e-ß-fnepw AXns‚
ssIhn-c-ep-Iƒ \oßn. a‰p ]e- a-X-Z¿i-\-ß-sfbpw t]mse ssZh-sØ-°p-
dn-®p≈ GI-ap-J-amb At\z-j-W-ambn Ckvem-ans\ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-
°qSm. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ckvemw Hcp ka-{K-Po-hnX Z¿i-\-ambn amdn-
bXpw.
GI-amb Cu {]]©w GtIm-t±-iy-Øn¬ \n∂p-S-se-Sp-Ø-XmWv.
a\p-jy-\m-hs´ {]]-©-Øns‚ A`n-∂-L-S-Ihpw {]]-©-Øns‚ CXc `mK-
ß-fp-ambn ]q¿Æ-ambn _‘n-°-s∏-´-h\pw kl-I-cn-°p-∂-h-\p-am-W-h≥.
AXn-\m¬ Hmtcm hy‡nbpw {]]© hyh-ÿ-tbmSpw CXc hy‡n-I-
tfmSpw kl-I-c-W-Ønepw GIo-`m-h-Ønepw h¿Øn-t°-≠-Xp≠v. a\p-jy-
cmin Hcp GI-I-am-sW∂v Ckvemw kn≤m-¥n-°p∂p. a\p-jy¿ GIo-I-c-
W-Øn-\p-th≠n hn`n-∂-cm-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ASp-°m≥ th≠n AI-∂n-cn-°p∂p.
Htc e£y-Øn-se-Øm≥ am{Xw hyXykvX-am¿§-ß-f-h-ew-_n-®-h-cm-W-h¿.
kønZv JpXp-_ns‚ hm°p-Iƒ {it≤bw:
""kºq¿Æ-amb Htc-I-I-amWv a\p-jy≥, hy‡n-sb∂ \ne-bnepw
kaq-l-sa∂ \ne-bnepw. {]Xy-£-Øn¬ hn`n-∂-amb Ah-\nse i‡n-Iƒ
]c-am¿Y-Øn¬ GtIm-∑p-J-amWv. _ln¿{]-I-S-\-߃ ]e cq]-Øn-em-sW-
¶nepw GI i‡n-bm-Wt√m {]]©w. AXpXs∂-bmWv a\p-jy-s‚bpw
\ne.''
k¥p-en-Xhpw kwtbm-Pn-Xhpw tIh-e-hp-amb GIXzw. hy‡n-
Iƒ°pw kaq-l-߃°pw CS-bn-ep≈ Iq´p-Ø-c-hm-ZnØw ˛ Cu c≠v ASn-
ÿm-\-ß-fn-emWv Ckvemw AXns‚ kmaq-lnI \oXn km£m¬°-cn-°p-
∂Xv. B km£m¬°-c-W-Øn\v a\p-jy-{]-Ir-Xn-bpsS auenI `mh-ßsf
hnK-Wn-°p-∂p-an√. Ahs‚ i‡nbpw Zu¿∫-eyhpw IW-°n-se-SpØp
72 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
sIm≠mWv AXns‚ {]bmWw.
hy‡n-bpsS at\m-am-en-\y-ß-fmb cmK-tZz-jm-Zn-Iƒ ka-jvSn-bpsS
ta¬ Zp zm-[o\w sNep-Øp-∂Xp A{I-ahpw A\o-Xnbpw A[¿a-hp-amWv.
hy‡n-bpsS {]Ir-Xnsb l\n-°p-Ibpw \ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xpw
sX‰m-sW∂v Ckvemw \njvI¿jn-°p∂p. Aßs\ sNøp-∂Xv kaq-l-
tØmSpXs∂ sNøp∂ hn\-bm-sW∂pw Ckvemw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.
hy‡n-I-fpsS P∑m-b-Ø-amb A`n-cp-Nn-I-sfbpw hmk-\-I-sfbpw k¿§-i-
‡n-tbbpw \nl-\n-°p-∂Xv hy‡n-bpsS Ah-Im-i-≤zw-k\w am{X-a√
AXns‚ Bkzm-Z-\hpw {]tbm-P-\hpw A\p-`-hn-°m≥ ka¿l-amb kaq-
l-Øns‚ Ah-Imi \ntj[w IqSn-bm-bn-cn°pw. CXn-s‚-b¿Yw hy‡n-
kzm-X{¥yw A\n-b-{¥n-Xhpw A{]-Xn-tcm-≤yhpw A{]-am-Zn-Xz-an-b-∂-Xp-am-
sW-∂√, hy‡n-bpsS auenI kzmX-{¥ysØ AwKo-I-cn®psIm≠pw
k¿§-kn-≤n-Iƒ°v hnI-kz-cX ssIh-cn-°m≥ t]mcp∂ kml-N-cy-a-\p-h-Zn-
®p-sIm≠pw ka-jvSn-bpsS Xm¬]-cy-߃°v XS- -am-hm-Ø-hn[w hy‡n-
K-Xa- mb A`n-cp-Nn-Isf ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n®pw Bim-ky-amb \nb-{¥Ww kq£n-
°p-hm≥ Ckvemw kwkvIrXn {i≤n-°p∂p. AXns‚ Ah-ew-_-hpw am\-
Z-WvUhpw ssZh-ln-X-amWv. hy‡n-bp-sSbpw kaq-l-Øn-s‚bpw ssZh-
am¿§-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ kºq¿Æ hnIm-k-amWv Ckvem-ans‚ hn`m-hnX
e£yw. hn[nhne-°p-I-fpsS kq£va kz`mhw ]cn-tim-[n-®m¬ AtXsd
t_m≤y-s∏Spw.
sshhn-≤y-am¿∂ kn≤n-km-≤y-X-I-tfm-sS-bmWv a\p-jy≥ ]nd-°p-
∂Xv. AXn-semcp kao-I-c-W-sa-∂Xv Akm-≤yhpw {]IrXn hncp-≤-hp-
amWv. kn≤n-Iƒ Bcn-se∂v ]cn-K-Wn-°msX Ahsb ]q¿Æ-ambn {]^p-
√-am°n ka-jvSn°v {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bmWv Ic-Wobw. Aßs\
hf¿Ø-s∏´ imco-cn-Ihpw _u≤n-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb kn≤n-km-≤y-X-
Iƒ kaq-l-Øns‚ t£ssa-iz-cy-߃°p≈ ]qPm-{Z-hy-ambn amdp-tºmƒ
hy‡nPohnXw ]q¿Æhpw Cuiz-tcm-∑pJ-hp-ambn ]cn-W-an-°p∂p. kmº-
ØnI kaXzw t]mep≈ ap{Zm-hm-Iy-ßfpw cmjv{Sob kzmX{¥yw, kmwkvIm-
cnI kzmX{¥yw XpS-ßnb hne-£W e£y-ß-fp-a√ Ah-kc ka-Xzhpw
a\pjy kzmX-{¥y-hp-amWv tam£-Zm-b-I-amb hn`m-h-\-I-sf∂v Ckvemw
Is≠-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. kmº-ØnI kaXzw A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-am-sW∂pw
AXv tIhew aco-Nn-I-bm-sW∂pw \nb-a-Øns‚ i‡n-bn-eqsS AsXm-cn-
°¬ ÿm]n-°m≥ Ign-™m¬Xs∂ AXn∂v Nnc--ÿm-bn-Xz-ap-≠m-hn-
s√∂pw Ckvemw \sΩ-b-dnbn-°p∂p. F∂m¬ kakvX taJ-e-I-fnepw
am\-hnI \oXn-bpsS Aew-L-\o-bX Ckvemw Bh¿Øn-®p-d-∏n-°p∂p.
am\-hnI \oXn-bpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Ønte hyjvSn kajvSn hnIm-k-߃
\n¿_m[w km£m¬°-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-Ib - p-≈q-sh∂pw Ckvem-ad
- n-bn-°p∂p.
a\p-jys\ ka-{K-am-bn-°≠v hne-bn-cp-Øm≥ ]e-]e am\-hnI Z¿i-
\-ßfpw hnap-JX ImWn-®-t∏mƒ, a\p-jy≥ Hcp ka-\zb inev]-am-sW∂pw
Ah-\nse hnIm-c-hn-Nm-c-{]-]-©-ß-sfm∂pw At\ym-\y-`n-∂n-ß-f-s√∂pw
`uXnI B≤ym-flnI kap-∂-Xn-I-fnte Ahs‚ ]q¿Æ-hn-Imkw ]qh-Wn-
Ckvemw Hcp ka-\zbZ¿i\w 73
bp-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw Ckvemw Dds° {]tLm-jn®p.
Bflo-bX-tbbpw `uXn-I-X-tbbpw ]c-kv]c hncp-≤-ß-fm-bn-°≠
a\p-jy≥ H∂ns\ \ntj-[n-®p-sIm-≠mWv as‰m-∂ns\ ÿm]n-°m≥ {ian-
®Xv. H∂n-s\ -Xn-c-kvI-cn®psIm≠mWv as‰m-∂ns\ kzoI-cn-®Xv. Bflo-
bhpw `uXn-I-hp-amb i‡n-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ kwL-´-\hpw kwL¿j-hp-amWv
Ah¿ Z¿in-®Xv. c≠n-\p-an-S-bn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-am-sbm-c-¥cw! {Xmkns‚
Hcp X´v Xmgv-∂mte at‰Xv Db-cp-I-bp≈q. AXp-t]mse `uXn-I-Xsb
lnwkn-®p-sImt≠ Bflo-bX t\Sm-\mhq F∂-h¿ I-cpXn. ImcWw Ah-
cpsS ZrjvSn-bm¬ {]kvXpX kwL-´\w {]]-©-Øn-s‚bpw a\p-jy-s‚bpw
{]IrXnXs∂-bmWv. `uXn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb Cu kwL-´\w XpS¿∂p-
t]m∂p. ]c-kv]-c-]q-c-I-am-bn-h¿Øn-t°≠ c≠v hnj-b-X-e-߃ hncp-≤X-
I-fpsS {[ph-ß-fn-te°v hen-s®-dn-b-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n. `uXn-Ihpw
Bflo-bh - p-amb i‡n-Iƒ°n-Sb - n¬ sshcp-≤y-an-√mØ, kp`-{Zhpw kºq¿Æ-
hp-amb Hcp kn≤m-¥-amWv Ckvemw ka¿∏n-®Xv. hncp-≤-i-‡n-Isf GIo-
I-cn-°p-Ibpw A`n-em-j-߃, A`n-\n-th-i-߃, {]h-W-X-Iƒ F∂n-hsb
kwtbm-Pn-∏n-°p-I-bp-amWv Ckvem-ans‚ kao-]\w. a\p-jys‚ AIØpw
]pd-Øp-ap≈ i‡n-I-fpsS sFIy-amWv AXv A`n-Z¿in-°p-∂Xv. BImiw,
`qan, aXw, temI-Imcyw, icocw Bflmhv, hnizmkw, {]hrØn F∂n-hsb
GtIm-∑p-J-ambn Htc am¿§-Øn¬ \bn-°p-I-bmWv AXns‚ e£yw. Adn-
bp-∂Xpw Adn-bm-ØXpw ImWp-∂Xpw ImWm-ØXpw tN¿∂ HtcII-
amWv {]]©w. `uXn-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb i‡n-Iƒ ka-\z-bn® Htc-I-
I-amWv PohnXw. Ahsb Xmfw sX‰msX th¿Xn-cn-°pI km≤y-a√. hnÆn-
te°v FØn-t\m-°p∂ D∂-X-hn-Im-c-ß-fp-sSbpw aÆn¬ H´n-∏n-Sn® A`n-
em-j-ß-fp-sSbpw kΩn{i cq]-amWv a\p-jy≥. a\p-jy-\nse Cu c≠v A`n-
\n-th-i-߃°p-an-S-bn¬ sshcp-≤y-ap-≠m-Im-h-X√. {]Ir-Xn-bn¬ BIm-i-
`q-an-Iƒ°n-S-bntem Adn-bp-∂Xpw Adn-bm-ØXpw XΩntem sshcp-≤y-
an√. Cu ]cn-\n-jvTn-X-amb ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Clhpw ]chpw XΩntem
hnizm-khpw A\p-jvTm-\hpw XΩntem BZ¿ihpw BN-c-Whpw XΩntem
sshcp-≤y-an√. Ch-bvs°√mw ]n∂n¬ A\-iz-c-amb Hcp al-—-‡n-bp≠v.
krjvSn-ÿnXn kwlm-cI - m-cI
- Xzw \n¿h-ln-°p∂ Hcp al-—‡n ˛ AXs{X
A√mlp.
A√m-lp-hns‚ AkvXn-Xz-Ønepw Ahs‚ krjvSn-ÿnXn kwlm-c-
Im-c-IXz-Ønepw Ak-Zr-i-`m-h-Ønepw ZrP-cqV hnizmkw kq£n-°p∂
kXy-hn-izm-kn°v A√m-lphpw A√m-lp-hns‚ hnemk thZn-Ifpw A\y-
am-hp-∂n√. icWw Ah≥ am{X-am-sW∂ sXfn™ Ah-t_m[w kq£n-
°p∂ apk¬am≥ klm-b-Øn\v ssI Db¿Øp-∂Xpw Bizm-k-Øn-\-t]-
£n-°p-∂Xpw Db-c-ß-fn-te°v t\m°n-bmWv. Cuizc k∂n-[nbpw Xs‚
tam£-Øn-\mbn X\n°v kΩm-\n® {]]-©hpw X\n°v th≠n Nn´-s∏-Sp-
Ønb Pohn-Xhpw Xm\pw A`n-∂-ß-fm-sW∂ t_m≤y-amWv Ahs‚ kXy-
Z¿i\w. ]c-kv]cw A\-\y-`mhw kq£n-°p-Ibpw ka-{k-jvS-ß-tfmSpw
{]]-©t- Øm-Sm-IØ - s∂bpw lrZ-bw-Ka - X ]men-°p-Ibpw sNøm\\pimkn-
°p∂ Ckvemw GIo-I-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw ka-\z-b-Øn-s‚bpw aX-Z¿i-\-
74 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw Ckvemw Hcp ka-\zbZ¿i\w 75

amWv. ssZhw krjvSn® {]]-©-Øns‚ hnim-e-X-bn¬, am\p-jy-I-Øns‚ Iƒ Xøm-dm-°p-tºmgpw IsØ-gp-Xm-\m-cw-`n-°p-tºmgpw "A√m-lp-hns‚

ka-{K-X-bn¬ Du∂n-bp-d®v ssZh-lnXw km£m¬°-cn-°m≥ {]Xn-⁄m- \ma-Øn¬' F∂v tcJmcq]-Øn-e-\p-kva-cn-°m-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p.
_-≤-amb Ckvem-an-s\-ßs\ hn«-Y-\hpw hn`m-Ko-Xbpw krjvSn-°m≥ ""Ah-tcmSv ]d-bpI, Cu `qanbpw AXn-ep-≈-sXm-s°bpw Bcp-tS-Xm-
km[n°pw! kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ D≈-dn-bmsX Db¿Øp∂ `¿’\-ß-fm-Wh. sW∂v \n߃°-dn-bp-sa-¶n¬ ]d-bp-hn≥ ˛Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah≥ ]dbpw
thZ-{KŸw a\p-jy-cm-in-tbmSv kwkm-cn®p. AXv temI-km-tlm-Z-cy-Øn\p A√m-lp-hn-t‚Xv ˛ tNmZn-°pI: ]ns∂ F¥p-sIm≠v \n߃ t_m[-hm-
th≠n hmZn®p. {]hm-N-I-∑msc temI-Øns‚ hgn-Im-´n-I-fm°n. kakvX ∑m-cm-Ip-∂n√? Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-°pI: k]vX-hm-\-ß-fp-sSbpw al-Zvknw-
thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-sf kzmwio-I-cn®v a\p-jy-hw-i-Øn\v kΩm-\n®p. PmXn-a-X- lm-k-\-Øn-s‚bpw \mY-\mcv? Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿ ]-dbpw: A√mlp . ]d-
tZi h¿Æ`mjmt`Z-߃°-Xo-Xa - mbn a\p-jys‚ I¿aImWvUsØ am{Xw bpI: F¶n¬ \n߃ `b-s∏-Sm-Ø-sX¥v? Ah-tcmSv ]d-bpI: kI-e -h-
hni-I-e\w sNbvXv hne-bn-cpØn. Ahs\ Xnc-»o-ebv-°-∏p-d-Øp≈ ]p\- kvXp-°-fnepw ]c-am-[n-Im-c-ap-≈-h\pw A`bw \¬Ip-∂-h\pw X\n-s°-Xn-
cp-∞m-\-Øns‚ ]c-tem-I-Po-hn-X-Øn-∂mbn dn{Iq´v sNbvX-b®p. B hniz- cn¬ A`bw \¬Im≥ sIev]p-≈-h-cmcp-an-√m-Ø-h\pw Bsc∂v \n߃°-
Z¿i\w GIo-I-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw ka-\z-b-Øn-s‚bpw am\-hnI Z¿i-\-amWv. dn-bm-sa-¶n¬ ]d-bp-hn≥. Xo¿®-bmbpw Ah¿ ]dbpw: "Cu KpW-߃
""\n›bw GI-k-ap-Zm-b-amWv \n߃ A√m-lp-hn\v am{X-ap-≈-Xm-Ip∂p.' ]d-bpI: F¶n¬ \n߃ h©n-°-s∏-Sp-
Rm≥ \nß-fpsS ]cn-]m-e-I\pw. AXn-\m¬ ∂-sX-ßs\? "kXy-sa-¥mtWm AXmWv \mw Ah-cpsS ap∂n¬ Ah-X-cn-
F\n°v hgn-s∏´v Pohn°q.'' ∏n-®n-´p-≈Xv. Cu P\w I≈w ]d-bp-∂-h¿Xs∂-bm-sW-∂p-≈-Xn¬ kwi-
AXmWv A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-h-N\w. AXns‚ {]tbm-K-X-e-amWv b-tabn√. A√mlp Bscbpw a°-fmbn hcn-®n-´n√. Ahs‚ IqsS thsdmcp
Ckvem-ans‚ I¿a-]Yw. ssZh-hp-an√. Aß-s\-bp-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Hmtcm ssZhhpw Xs‚ krjvSn-
AJn-em[n \mY-\mb ssZhsØ Jp¿-B≥ hnfn-®Xv A√mlp F∂m- I-sfbpw sIm≠v thdn´v t]mbv°-f-bp-am-bn-cp∂p. ]ns∂ Ah¿ XΩn¬ Ie-
Ip∂p. AXv Hcp {]tXyI aX-hn-`mK-Ønt\m hnizm-k-th-Znt°m am{Xw ln-°p-Ibpw sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p. Cu P\w Iev]n-°p-∂-Xn¬\ns∂√mw ]cn-
kz¥-sa-∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm-hp∂ Hcp- ]-Z-a√. Jp¿-B∂v apºvt]mepw kI-e- ip-≤-\t√m A√mlp. sXfn-™Xpw Hfn-™Xpw Adn-bp-∂-h≥. Cu P\w
temI {kjvSm-hmb ssZhsØ A√mlp F∂ t]cn-emWv hnfn®p k¶¬]n-°p∂ ]¶m-fn-Øß - ƒs°m-s°bpw Ah≥ AXo-X\ - m-bn-cn-°p∂p.'
t]m∂Xv. emØ, a\mØ, D , lp_vep XpS-ßnb At\I ssZh-ß-fpsS hn.Jp. 23: 84˛92.
Ime-ambncp∂p AsX-¶nepw Ahbv-s°-√m-a-[n-]-\mb k¿h-i-‡≥ A√m-
lp-hm-sW∂ Ah-t_m[w At∂ {]Np-c-am-bn-cp∂p.
apl-Ω-Zns‚ P\-\-th-f-bn¬ lrZbw \nd-™m-Àm-Zn® A_vZpƒ
apØz-en_v "AXn hnin-jvS-\mb Cu Ip™ns\ F\n°p \¬Inb A√m-
lp-hn\v kvXpXn' F∂m-e-]n-®-Xmbn \ma-dn-bp∂p. apl-Ω-Zns‚ ]nXm-hns‚
\ma-t[bw A_vZp√ F∂m-bn-cp∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ Zmk≥ F∂mWv B
\ma-t[-b-Øn-∂¿Yw. A⁄m-\-Øns‚ Ime-Øp-t]mepw At∏-cn¬ hnfn-
°-s∏´ ]e-cp-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. lndm-Kp-l-bn¬\n∂p≈ \hym-\p-`-h-hp-ambn
hn{`m¥ NnØ-\mbn Xs‚ ap∂n-se-Ønb apl-Ω-Zns\ ""Aßv, hnj-an-
t°≠, A√mlp Aßsb Hcn-°epw ssIsh-Sn-bp-Itbm t¢in-∏n-°p-
Itbm C√'' F∂p ]d-™mWv JZoP Biz-kn-∏n-®Xv. k¿h-i-‡-\mb,
kIem[n\m-Y-\mb ssZhsØ Hm¿Øp-sIm≠v JZoP D]-tbm-Kn® ]Zw
A√mlp F∂mWv. IA-v_-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn¬ kwkw Pem-i-b-Ønse
sh≈-Øn\v ]ecpw Ah-ImihmZ-ap-∂-bn-®-t∏mƒ apl-Ω-Zns‚ ]nXm-a-
l≥ A_vZpƒ apØz-en_v Bfl-K-X-ambn ssZh-k-a£w ka¿∏n®
{]m¿Y-\-bn¬ kvXpXy¿l\pw cmPm-[n-cm-P-\p-amb A√m-lpth F∂mWv
kwt_m-[\ sNbvXXv.
apl-Ω-Zn\pw apºv Jp p-_v\p-km-CZ F∂ t]cp≈ {]i-kvX-\mb
Hcp {]kw-K-I≥ Atd-_y-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂p. At±lw F∂pw A√m-lp-
hn\v kvXpXn sNmcn™psIm≠mWv Xs‚ {]kw-K-am-cw-`n-°mdv. A°m-
esØ hnizm-kn-Iƒ-˛_lp-ssZh hnizm-kn-Iƒ t]mepw˛hne-s∏´ tcJ-
76 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw 77

cmWv. kaq-l-ÿ-en-bpsS ]p\x-kw-hn-[m-b-I-cmWv. ]e-Im-e-ß-fn-embn,

14 ]e {]tZ-i-ß-fn-embn ]e tKm{X-ß-fn-embn {]hm-N-I≥am¿ {]Xy-£-s∏-

´n-´p≠v. aX-hn-`m-Kß
- ƒ°pw {]mtZ-inI ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°pw Ime-L´- ß
A∏p-dØv hniz-am\-hn-I-X-bpsS hnim-e-`q-an-I-bn-emWv Ah¿ AarX
tkN\w km[n-®Xv. apl-ΩZv F∂ {]hm-N-I-\n-eqsS Bhn-jvIr-X-amb
Jp¿B-\nI hN- p-I-fpsS kmc ktµiw {i≤n-°pI:
- ƒ°pw

ssZhw GI≥
Ckvemw hniz-am-\-hnI Z¿i\w Ah≥ F√mw krjvSn®p.
c£m-in-£-Iƒ Ah-t‚-XmWv.
]cn-hn-kvXr-X-amb {]]-©-Øn¬
apkvenw kaq-l-Øns‚ ssZh-amWv A√mlp F∂pw Ah-cpsS am{Xw Hcp sNdnb T h´-amWv `qan.
{]hm-N-I-\mWv apl-ΩZv \_n F∂pw apkvenw-I-fpsS thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ `qan-bn¬ Ah≥ a\p-jys\ krjvSn®p.
t]cmWv Jp¿-B≥ F∂pw Icp-Xn-°-gn-bp∂ Nne-cp≠v. sX‰mbn hymJym- a‰-t\Iw krjvSn-Iƒ°pw Ah≥
\n-°-s∏-Sm-\n-S-bp≈ A_≤ K¿`n-X-ß-fmb hnI-e-[m-c-W-I-fm-Wh. {]]- cq]w \¬In-bn-cp∂p.
©-Øns‚ {kjvSm-hmb A√mlp apkvenw hn`m-K-Øns‚ am{Xw {kjvSm- krjvSn-I-fn¬ t{ijvT-\mbn a\p-jys\ Xnc-s™-SpØp.
hm-sW∂v hcp-∂Xv hntcm-[m-`m-k-amWv. "Hcp {]tXyI P\-]-Z-Øn-\p-th-≠n- a\p-jy\v hntij _p≤nbpw kΩm-\n®p.
b√, am\p-jy-I-Øn-\m-b-√msX' F∂ Xncp-h-N-\-tam¿°p-tºmƒ apkvenw hnNm-c-i-‡nbpw hnth-N-\m-[n-Im-chpw
kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ am{Xw hgn-Im-´n-bmWv apl-ΩZv \_n F∂v Icp-Xp-∂Xpw AXp-hgn a\p-jy\v ssIh∂p.
Ahn-th-I-amWv. a\pjy kmam-\y-Øns‚ tamN-\-am¿§-amWv Jp¿-B-\nI `qan-bn¬ Xs‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn
hN- p-Iƒ Io¿Øn-°p-∂-sX-∂-dn-bm-hp∂ a\- p-Iƒ Fßs\ Jp¿-Bs\ ssZhw a\p-jys\ \n›-bn®p.
km[m-cW A¿∞-Øn¬ Hcp apkvenw {KŸ-ambn hnti-jn-∏n°pw? kakvX hkvXp-°-fp-sSbpw
A√mlp, {]hm-N-I≥, thZ-{KŸw ˛ F∂nh henb Kcn-a-bp≈ ]Z- `uanI Poh-cm-in-I-fp-sSbpw
ß-fmWv. Ahsb GsX-¶n-ep-samcp P\-]-Z-Øn-s‚tbm hnizmk hn`m-K- ssIImcy I¿ØrXzw
Øn-s‚tbm CSp-ßnb he-bØ - n-\I
- s
- Øm-Xp-°n-∏c
- n-Nb
- s
- ∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv, AXn- Ah∂v \¬In.
\m¬ A\o-Xn-bmWv. a\p-jys‚ kpJ-Øn\pw kt¥m-j-Øn\pw th≠n
sshhn-≤y-sa-∂Xv krjvSn-I-fn¬ ssZhw h¿Æw-sIm-SpØp cq]-s∏- ssZh-sam-cp-°n-b-Xm-sW-√mw.
Sp-Ønb sshNn-{Xy-amWv; ssZh-Z-Ø-amb kuµ-cy-am-WXv. AXn-\m¬ ssZhw a\p-jys\ Npa-X-e-I-f-dn-bn®p.
sshhn-≤y-ßf - psS apJ-Øp-t\m°n ]gn-°p-Ib- √ th≠Xv, Ahsb kq£va- Fs‚ \n¿t±-im-\p-kmcw Pohn-°pI
kp-µ-c-amb coXn-bn¬ kwhn-[m\w sNbvX Zo¿L-Z¿in-bmb {kjvSm-hns‚ \n\-°-cp-fnb am¿§-Øn¬\n∂v
kuµ-cy-t_m-[-Øn\p ap∂n¬ kvXpXn sNmcn-bp-Ibpw sshhn-≤y-ß-fpsS \o hyXn-N-en-°-cpXv.
tXP- n-sb∂ kl-h¿Ø-\-Øn\v klm-b-I-amw-hn[w kml-N-cy-ß-sfm- Cl ˛ ]c-ß-fn-embn
cp°n AXn-em-\-µn-°p-I-bp-am-Wm-hiyw. h¿Æssh-hn-≤y-ßfpw kzc-t`-Z- \o≠p-\n¬°p-∂-XmWv \ns‚ PohnXw
ßfpw cpNn-hy-Xym-k-ßfpw `mh sshNn-{Xy-ß-fp-sa√mw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Ønb Chn-SsØ PohnXw
PK-∂n-b-¥mhv, a\p-jy-cmin Ah-tbmSp Im´p∂ {]Xn-I-c-W-ß-sf√mw Hcp ]co-£-W-amWv.
\nXm¥ Pm{K-X-tbmsS {i≤n-°p-∂p-s≠∂v \mtam¿°pI. AXn-\m¬ ChnSw Hcp ]co-£W imebpw
FhnsS Xmf-∏ng t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-∂pthm AhnsS kpkz-cX ]p\x-kr- CXv Ign™v \o Fs‚ k∂n-[n-bn-te°v hcpw
jvSn-°p-hm≥ ssZhw {i≤n-°p∂p. kma-RvP-ky-an-b-ep∂ kmaqly Pohn- Chn-SsØ ]co-£-bnse
X-Øns‚ kp\n-b-X-amb kwhn-[m-\-{I-a-Øn¬ FhnsS \qen-g-Iƒ \pdp-ßp- Pb-]c - m-Pb
- ß- ƒ
∂pthm AhnsS DuSpw ]mhp-ap-d-∏n®p \n¿Øm≥ ssZhw {i≤n-°p∂p. AhnsS h®v Rm≥ \ns∂-b-dn-bn°pw
[¿Ω-kw-ÿm-]-\-Øn\v {]hm-N-I≥am¿ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. Znhy-ZuXyw kZm-Nm-c-aq-ey-ß-fn-eq∂n
\n¿h-ln-°m≥ \nbp-‡-cmb {]hm-N-I≥am¿ am\p-jy-I-Øns‚ NnIn-’-I- [¿Ωam¿§-Øn-emWv
ChnsS \o Ign-™-sX-¶n¬
78 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw Ckvemw hniz-am-\-hnI Z¿i\w 79

\n\-°-hnsS kpJhpw kam-[m-\hpw ssIhcpw {]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS I¿Ω-cwKw H∂mWv:

Fs‚ k∂n-[n-bn-se-Øn-bm¬ a\p-jy-Ipew
\ob¿ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ BZysØ {]hm-N-I-\mb BZw-sXm´v apl-ΩZv hsc-bp≈ {]hm-NI
\nXy-im-¥n-bpsS kz¿§-I-hmSw ]c-º-c-bpsS al-Ømb Bi-b-ß-fpsS kap-®-b-amWv apl-Ω-Zn-eqsS Ah-
\ns‚ ap∂n¬ Xpd-°-s∏Spw Xo¿Æ-amb Jp¿-B≥. AXp-sIm≠v hnhn[ Ime-ß-fn¬ `n∂ tZi-ß-fn¬
]ng®p Pohn-®-h¿°v hyXy-kvX- P\]Z-ß-fn¬ ssZh ZuXyw \n¿h-ln® {]hm-N-I-≥am-cpsS
ZpxJhpw Zpcn-X-hp-am-bn-cn-°p-a-hnsS. Nn¥-I-sf√mw Hcp-an®p ImWp-tºmƒ AXn∂p t\sc Ime-Øn-s‚tbm
ad-°m-Xn-cn-°pI. {]tZ-i-Øn-s‚tbm P\-]-Z-ß-fp-sStbm k¶p-Nn-X-Xz-am-tcm-]n-°m≥ hø.
kz¥w krjvSn-Isf Zpcn-Xm-¿Æ-hØ - n-tebv°v X≈n-bn-Sp-∂X - n¬ ssZh- A{X-am{Xw ka-{Khpw kºq¿Æhpw Ahn-I-ehpw A\p-`-h-th-Zy-hp-amb
Øn\v kt¥m-j-an√. AXp-sIm≠v Bh-iy-amb \n¿t±-i-߃ \¬In- Z¿i-\-km-c-ß-fpsS kap-®-b-amWv Jp¿-B≥.
bmWv ssZhw BZysØ a\p-jys\ `qan-bn-te-°-b-®Xv. Hcp ]pXnb {]]-
©-Øns‚ XpS-°-am-WXv. BZ-an-t\mSv ssZhw ImWn® hm’ey hmbv]n¬
ae-°p-Iƒ t]mepw hnkva-bn-®n-´p≠v.
Ah-\n¬ Adn-hns‚ AarXw \ndbv-°p-hm≥, ssZhw AZ-ay-amb Xm-
¬]cyw ImWn®p. {]Imiw am{Xw \nd-™ -`q-X-e-Øn-emWv ssZhw Ah-
s\-bn-d-°n-bXv.
Imew Nnd-I-Sn®p ]d∂p. a\pjy kaq-l-Øn\p ap∂n¬ ]e-Xcw
{]tem-`-\-ß-fp-ap-b¿∂p. Ahsb AXn-Po-hn-°m≥ ]e¿°pw Ign-bm-Xmbn.
Bfl-hocyw BSn-bp-e™p. Hm¿t°-≠Xv ]eXpw ad∂p. Acp-Xm-ØXv
]eXpw BN-cn®p. tIƒ°m≥ ]mSn-√m-ØX - n¬ Xm¬]-cy-tadn. ImWm≥sIm-
≈m-ØX - n¬ lcw \nd™p. ssI°p-S∂ - b- nse B{K-lß- f - \
- p-`h
- n®v Xr]vXn-
sIm-t≈-≠h - ¿ taml-ßf - psS IS¬sh≈w IpSn-®p-Xo¿°m≥ shdn-sIm≠p.
hne-°-s∏´ hgn-Iƒ hnem-k-]-Y-ß-fm-bn-amdn. \ntbm-Kn-®-h-s\-t∏mepw
tNmZywsNøm≥ Ah≥ kml-kn-IX Im´n. \nµ-I-cp-sSbpw \ntj-[n-I-fp-
sSbpw FÆw IqSn. `qan-bnse {]Imiw s]men-™p-Xp-Sßn.
ssZhw NnIn’ XpSßn. a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øns‚ Poh-Xmfw kpkz-c-am-
°m≥ {ia-am-cw-`n®p. [¿Ω I¿Ω-ßfpw t\¿hgn t]mepw ad∂ a\p-jy¿°v
am¿§-Z¿i\w \¬IWw. AXn-∂p-t]m-cp-∂-hsc Ah-cn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂
\ntbm-Kn-°Ww. Ah¿ hyXy-kvX -P-\-]-Z-ß-fn-ep-≈-h-cm-bn-cn-°Ww. Xß-
fn-sem-cmƒ F∂ tXm∂¬ Hmtcm kaq-l-Øn-\p-ap-≠m-hWw. Ah¿ hniz-
kvXcpw at\m˛hmIv˛I¿Ω-ß-fn¬ AXn-hn-ip-≤-cp-am-bn-cn-°Ww.
a\p-jy-Ip-e-Øn\v BZn-bn¬ ssZhw \¬Inb
D]-tZ-i-ß-f-\p-kva-cn-∏n-°m≥
hnip-≤-am¿§w sXfn®pIm´m≥
hnI-e-am-bn-°-gn™ Poh-Xmfw
kpkz-c-am-°m≥
{]hm-N-I≥am¿ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´p.
Ah¿°v, a\pjy kmam-\y-Øns‚
tamN-\-a{¥w IXn¿sh´w sNmcn-bp∂
thZ{KŸ-߃ \¬In.
{]hm-N-I-≥amcpsS ZuXyw H∂mWv:
a\p-jy-cm-insb t\¿h-gn°v \S-°pI
80 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
15
Btflm-∂-Xn°pw
]tcm¬°¿j-Øn\pw th≠n
kmay-`mh kpµ-c-amb Hcp kmaqly hyh-ÿn-Xn-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ hn`m-h\
sNøp-∂X.v h¿§ h - ¿Æ tKm{X hyXym-kß - s
- fm∂pw a\p-jys\ hyXykvX-
\m-°p-∂n-s√∂pw kaq-l-Ønse X´p-Iƒ˛kh¿Æm-h¿Æ t`Z-߃ ˛ t`Z
`mh-\I- s
- f√mw ssZh-ln-XØ- n-s\-Xn-cm-sW∂pw kXy-thZw tLmjn-°p∂p.
F∂m¬ h¿§w, tKm{Xw, h¿Æw XpS-ßnb kmaq-lnI bmYm¿Yy-ß-fpsS
t\sc Ckvemw IÆ-S-bv°p-∂n√. a\p-jy-c-t\ym\yw IqSp-X¬ Adn-™n-S-
s]-Sp-∂-Xn-∂p-th≠n am{X-amWv AØcw th¿Xn-cn-hp-I-fp-≠m-b-sX∂v Jp¿-
B≥ hy‡-am-°p∂p.
Hcp {]tXyI kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ ]nd-∂-Xp-sIm-≠p-am{Xw Bcpw hen-b-
ht\m sNdn-b-ht\m BIp-∂n√. [¿Ωm-h-ew-_n-bmb kmXznI Pohn-X-
amWv kap-∂-Xn-bpsS am\-Zfiw. ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ Hcp-h≥ ImWn-°p∂
Xm¬]-cyhpw A`n-\n-th-i-hp-amWv Ahs\ hyXy-kvX\pw hnip-≤-\p-am-°n-
Øo¿°p-∂Xv.
_nem¬ Hc-Sn-a-bm-bn-cp∂p; \nc-£-c-\m-bn-cp∂p, \nkz-\p-am-bn-cp∂p.
{]hm-N-I≥ _nem-ens\ kvt\ln-®Xv At±lw ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ A`n-\n-
thiw sIm≠ Hcp kmXzn-I-a-\- m-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv. Xm≥ IqSn
hnb¿s∏m-gp°n \n¿Ωn® BZysØ apkvenw tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ {]hm-N-I≥
_nem-en-s\-bmWv apA-±n-\mbn \nb-an-®Xv. kaq-l-Ønse G‰hpw A[x-
ÿn-X-\mb Hcp ]mh-Øns‚ IWvT-Øn-eqsS Db-cp∂ i_vZ-amWv a‰m-cpsS
i_vZ-sØ-°mfpw thK-Øn¬ ssZh-Øns‚ {i≤-bn¬ ]Xn-bp-I-sb∂v
{]hm-N-I≥ Nn¥n-®p-ImWpw. ssZh k∂n-[n-bn¬, lrZb ka¿∏-W-Øn-
\p≈ Ime-am-sb-∂-dn-bn-°m-\p≈ _m¶p-hn-fn°v _nem-en-t‚-Xp-t]m-ep≈
Hcp hnip≤ a\- ns‚ ka¿lX {]hm-N-I≥ AXn-eqsS t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-
I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Xt‚-sX-∂h - I
- m-is
- ∏-Sm-s\m-∂p-an-√mØ Hcp a\- nt\, I≈-
°Æpw IpSn-e-Xm-ev]-cy-ß-fp-an-√msX, ssZh-`m-hsØ A\m-bmkw kao-
]n-°m≥ Ignbq F∂v {]hm-N-I≥ {]Im-cm-¥-tcW {]Jym-]n-°p-Ibm-bn-
cp∂p. BZysØ ]≈n-bn¬ apA-±n-\mbn _nem¬ \nb-an-°-s∏-´Xv Hcm-I-
kvanI Imcy-am-bn-cp-∂n√. {]hm-N-Is‚ kwt_m-[hpw kpNn-¥n-X-hp-amb
81
Xocp-am-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv a°m-hn-P-b-Øn-\p-tijw IA-
v_-bn¬ {]th-in® {]hm-N-I≥ _m¶p-hnfn \SØn kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS
a\w Ipfn¿∏n-°m≥ _nem-ens\Øs∂ \ntbm-Kn-®Xv.
kºØpw `uXnI ku`m-Ky-ßfpw a‰v kar-≤-Po-hnX kml-N-cy-ß-
fp-sam∂pw kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ ]hn-{X-th-Zn-bn¬ kzm[o-\-i-‡n-I-tf-b-
s√∂v Ckvemw kwkvIrXn {]tLm-jn-°p∂p. Ah-bv°-Sn-s∏-´-Xn-\p≈
Hcp t\¿Ø kqN\ t]mepw kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ hnip≤ kwkvIr-
Xnsb aen-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xm-bn-°m-Wm≥ Ign-bn√.
aZo-\-bn-e-`bw tXSnsbØnb {]hm-N-Is\ k¬°-cn-°m≥ Ahn-
SsØ i‡nbpw kzm[o-\X - b
- p-ap≈ kap-Zmb {]am-Wn-am¿ Bth-it- ØmsS
apt∂m´phs∂-¶nepw, D¬°-WvTm-Ip-e-amb B \m--fp-I-fn¬ t]mepw Xmc-
X-tay\ \nkz-\mb A_q Aøq-_p¬ A≥km-cn-bpsS sIm®p hk-Xn-bn-
emWv {]hm-N-I≥ A¥n-bp-d-ßm≥ Xocp-am-\n-®Xv. AXn-`o-j-W-amb A¥-
co-£-am-bn-´p-t]mepw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS {]`mX ImeØv {]Xo-£-
bp-sSbpw {]Xym-i-bp-sSbpw {]ImiInc-W-ß-fm-Wh F∂v t_m≤y-s∏´v
]m™p-h-∂-h-cn-te-sd-t∏cpw ASn-a-Ifpw \nkzcpw \ncm-ew-_-cp-am-bn-cp∂p.
temI-Øns‚ \m\m-`m-K-ß-fn¬ \n∂p-sa-Øp∂ `‡-P-\-߃ [\nI
Zcn{Z hyXym-k-an-√msX, hyXykvX `mj-Ifpw hyXykvX PohnX k{º-Zm-
b-ßfpw hyXykvX `£-W-co-Xn-I-fp-ap≈ `‡-P-\-߃ ˛ F√m-hcpw Htc
thj-Øn¬, Htc coXn-bn¬ sXm´p-cpΩn \n∂v cmPmhpw ^°o-dp-sa-
t∂m¿°msX IA-v_-bpsS Xncp-ap-‰Øv ssZhsØ hW-ßp∂p. t`Z-`m-h-
\-I-fn-√mØ kap-Zmb ]Y-amWv Jp¿-B≥ hn`m-h\ sNøp-∂Xv. {]hm-N-
Is‚ hnS-hm-߬ {]kw-K-Ønse Hcp ]cm-a¿iw ChnsS Hm¿°-Ø-°-
XmWv.
""\nß-sf√mw ]c-kv]cw ktlm-Z-c≥am-cmWv, F√m-hcpw Xpey-cp-
amWv. \nß-fn¬ B¿°pw BcpsS taepw Hcp hnti-jm-[n-Im-chpw Ah-Im-
i-s∏-´p-IqSm. Hcp Ad-_n°v Ad-_n-b-√mØ as‰m-cm-sf-°mƒ Hcp al-Xz-
hp-an√. AXp-t]mse Hc-\-d-_n°v Hc-d-_n-tb-°mƒ ta≥a-bp-an√. shfp-Ø-
h\v Idp-Ø-h-s\-°mtfm Idp-Ø-h\v shfp-Ø-h-t\-°mtfm Hu∂Xy-an√,
kmXzn-I-X-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-e-√msX.''
Hcn-°¬ ssZhw Xs‚ kIe krjvSn-I-sfbpw hnfn®v Cß-s\-b-
dnbn®p:
""Fs‚ ssIhiw Hcp \n[n-bp≠v. Rm\Xv \n߃s°-√m-ambn kΩm-
\n-°m≥ t]mhp-I-bmWv.''
a\p-jy-s\m-gn®v as‰-√m-hcpw Htc kzc-Øn¬ X߃°-Xm-h-iy-an-s√-
∂-dn-bn®p. At∏mƒ a\p-jy≥ Cßs\ {]Xn-h-Nn®p:
""kI-e-⁄-\mb ssZhta, Rm\Xv kt¥m-j-tØmsS kzoI-cn-®p-
sIm≈mw.''
ssZhw kw{]o-X-\mbn, ssZh-kr-jvSn-I-fmb kIe Ncm-N-c-ß-fmepw
\ncm-I-cn-°-s∏´ \n[n. AsX-¥m-sW-∂-dn-bp-Itbm Adn-bm-\p≈ DtZzKw
ImWn-°p-Itbm sNømsX a\p-jy≥ ]q¿Wa\-t msS kzoI-cn-°p-hm-
s\m-cpßn. a\p-jy≥ ImWn® hnth-I-Øns‚ XnI-hnepw ssZh-Øn-ep≈
82 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
AN-©-e-amb hnizm-k-Ønepw kt¥m-jn® ssZhw \n[n Ah-s\-tb-ev]n-
®m-io¿h-Zn®p. Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°n-b-Xp-t]mse a\p-jy≥ ssZh-Øns‚
`qan-bnse {]Xn-]p-cp-j≥ am{X-a√ \n[n kq£n-°p-∂-h≥ IqSn-bmWv (]e
Zm¿i-\n-I≥amcpw hymJym-Xm-°fpw B \n[nsb `n∂ coXn-bn¬ hymJym-
\n-®n-´p≠v. a\p-jy-\nse {]Xn-`m-i‡n AYhm hnti-j-_p-≤n-bm-Ws{X
ssZhw a\p-jy\v kΩm-\n-®Xv.)
ss\k¿KnI hmk-\-Iƒs°-Xnsc ˛ P≥am-bØ hnIm-c-߃s°-
Xnsc ˛ {]Xn-I-cn-°m-\p≈ Ignhv Pohcmin-I-fn¬ a\p-jy\v am{X-ap≈
khnti-j-X-bmWv. kky-e-Xm-Zn-Iƒ°pw P¥p-h¿§-߃°pw CXv km≤y-
a√. c≠v Znhkw `£Ww Ign-°m-Xn-cn-°m-sa∂v Hcp arK-Øn\v Nn¥n-°m≥
Ign-bn√. Hcp kky-Øn\v ZpxJm¿∞-ambn Bfl-l-Xy-sN-øm-s\m-°n√;
arK-Øn\pw hø. krjvSn-bpsS t\cØv Dt±-in-°-s∏-´-Xn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvX-
ambn ]£n arKm-Zn-Iƒs°m∂pw {]Xn-Ic - n-°m-\m-hn√. a\p-jy\v AsXms°
Ignbpw. Ah km[n-°m≥, Ahs\ Icp-Ø-\m-°p-amdv, Ah-\n¬ {]h¿Øn-
°p-∂Xv hntij _p≤n-bmWv. \√-h-\mbn amdmt\m, NoØ-bm-bn-Øo-
cmt\m D≈ kzmX-{¥y-a-h-\p≠v. arK-ambn amdm\pw tZh k∂n-`-\m-bn-Øo-
cm\pw Ah\v Ignbpw. CXn∂v \nbm-aIw Ahs‚ Nn¥m-i-‡nbpw
hntij _p≤n-bp-amWv. ssZhw Ah-s\-tb-ev]n® G‰hpw henb kºØv
Ahs‚ hntij _p≤n-bmWv.
ssZh-Øns‚ hc-Zm-\-amb hntij _p≤nsb hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-Xn-
∂m-h-iy-amb Du¿÷hpw kzmX-{¥yhpw ssZhwXs∂ a\p-jy\v kΩm-\n-
®n-´p≠v. At∏mƒ hnti-j-_p-≤n-bpsS hn\n-tbmKw, AXv \≥a-bn-te-°m-
bmepw Xn≥a-bn-te-°m-bmepw ssZh \ntj-[tam ssZh \ncm-I-c-Wtam
A√. F∂m¬ ssZh {]oXn hntij _p≤n-bpsS hnth-I-]q¿h-amb hn\n-
tbm-K-Ønepw hnin-jvS-am¿§-Øn-eq∂n ssZh k∂n[n ]qIm-\p≈ {ia-
Ønepw am{X-amWv. \∂m-hm\pw \in-°m\p-ap≈ kzmX-{¥y-a-h-\p≠v.
F∂m¬ hntij _p≤n-bpsS t\cmw-hÆ - a - p≈ hn\n-tbm-KØ
- n-emWv Ahs‚
hnth-Ihpw kwkvIm-chpw hnP-bhpw IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂Xv.
a\p-jy-cn¬ hyXy-kvX-X-Iƒ {]I-S-amWv. BIr-Xn-bnepw {]Ir-Xn-
bnepw cpNn-bnepw hyXy-kvX-cmWv a\p-jy¿. ""`n∂cpNn¿lntemIx'' F∂
sNm√v A¿∞-]q¿Æw. `n∂cpNn AYhm sshhn≤yw ssPh {]Ir-X-amWv.
AhnsS kaXzw B{K-ln-°p-∂Xpw {]Jym-]n-°p-∂Xpw {]IrXn hncp-≤-
amWv. {]mIr-Xn-I-ambn, ssZhn-I-ambn ssIh∂ hyXy-kvX-X-I-fm-Wh. B
hyXy-kvX-X-Iƒ kq£n-°p-tºmƒXs∂ a\p-jy¿ ktlm-Z-c-ß-fmWv.
XSn® a\p-jy-s\∂ henb ktlmZ-c\pw saen™ a\p-jy-s\∂ sNdnb
ktlm-Z-c-\p-an√˛a\pjy ktlm-Z-c≥am¿ am{Xw. kmtlm-Z-cy-amWv kXyw.
kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw Xpey-cmWv. ]pcm-X\ temI-Ønse hnizm-k-
߃°pw [mc-W-Iƒ°p-sa-Xnsc Ckvemw Db¿Ønb ap{Zm-hm-Iy-am-WXv.
Htc hkvXp-sIm≠v Htc t\cØv Htc coXn-bn¬ krjvSn-°-s∏-´-h-cmWv
kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw. Hcm-Wn¬\n∂pw s]Æn¬\n∂pw ]nd-∂h - ¿, ktlmZ-
c-߃.
hy‡n-kzm-X-{¥ysØ sRcp°n-sRcp-°n-sbm-Xp-°p∂ Hcp Z¿i\
Btflm-∂-Xn°pw ]tcm¬°¿j-Øn\pw 83
th≠n
hnti-j-a√ Ckvemw. hy‡n-kzm-X-{¥ysØ G‰hpw kz—-amb coXn-bn¬
Ckvemw A\p-hZ- n-°p-∂p≠v. hy‡n°v Xt∂mSvXs∂bpw IpSpw-_t- ØmSpw
kaq-l-tØmSpw kaq-l-Øn\v a‰v kaq-l-ß-tfmSpw Xe-ap-dbv°v Xe-ap-d-I-
tfmSpw _m≤y-X-I-fp-s≠∂v Ckvemw A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p∂p. kaq-l-Øns‚
Nap-X-em-t_m-[-ap≈ Imh¬°m-c-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ kmaq-ly-Xm-ev]cyw
kwc-£n-°m≥ hy‡n-°p-Øc - h
- m-Zn-Øa
- p≠v. kap{Z-Ønse I∏-emWv a\pjy
kaq-l-sa∂pw kmaq-ly-c-£bv-°p-Ø-c-hmZn AXnse Hmtcm bm{X-°m-c-
\m-sW∂pw Ckvemw Icp-Xp∂p. hy‡n-kzm-X-{¥y-Øns‚ t]cn¬ I∏-
ens‚ X\n-°-h-Im-i-s∏´ `mKw s]mfn-°m≥ Bcpw apXn-c-cp-sX∂v Ckvemw
hne-°p∂p. {]_p-≤-amb ]uc-t_m[w DZm-Ø-amb IpSpw_ kaql
kwhn-[m-\-Øn\v F{X-ta¬ A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-am-sW∂v Ckvemw hni-Zo-I-
cn-°p-∂p≠v. ssZham¿§-Øn¬ \≥a-bpsS `mKØp\n∂p-sIm≠v hy‡n-
Iƒ ]c-kv]cw kl-I-cn-t°-≠Xv A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amWv.
""\≥abv°pw ssZh ZuXy-Øns‚ km£m¬°m-c-Øn\pw th≠n ]c-
kv]cw kl-I-cn-°pI. Xn≥abv°pw i{Xp-Xbv°pw kl-I-cn-°-cpXv.''
˛A¬amCZ ˛ 2
""\nß-fm-sc-¶nepw Acp-Xm-ØXv h√Xpw I≠m¬ ssIsIm≠v AXns\
XS-bWw. AXn\v Ign-bm-Ø-]£w \mhp-sIm≠v, AXn∂pw Ign-bm-
Ø-]£w a\- p-sIm≠v ˛ hnizm-k-Øns‚ G‰hpw Xmgv∂ ]Sn-bm-
WXv.'' ˛apkvenw
kaq-l-Øn¬ \S-am-Sp∂ Hmtcm A[¿Ω-Øns‚ t]cnepw AXn¬
`mK-`m-°p-Ifpw A√m-Ø-h-cp-amb Hmtcm t]cpw tNmZyw sNø-s∏Spw.
ImcWw kaq-l-sa-∂Xv Ahn-—n-∂-amb Hcp bmYm¿∞y-amWv, {]Xn-`m-k-
amWv, ˛ Htc-I-X-bmWv. A[¿Ωw AXns\ A]-I-S-s∏-SpØpw. AXp-
sIm≠v kaq-lØ - ns‚ kwc-£W - hpw {]Xn-tcm-[hpw hy‡n-bpsS AewLy-
amb _m≤y-X-bmbn amdp∂p.
kaq-l-Øn¬, ASp-Øm-bmepw AIe-Øm-bmepw A[¿Ω-Øns‚
em©\ ImWp-tºmƒ AXn-s\-Xnsc kS-Ip-S-bm-\p≈ Bfl-hocyw kXy-
hn-izm-kn-bn¬ Ckvemw {]Xo-£n-°p∂p. AXv, Xs∂ t\cn´v _m[n-°p-∂n-
s√∂ a´n¬ A[¿Ω-tØmSv ]uc≥ \n w-KX ImWn-°m-s\m-cp-ßp-I-bm-
sW-¶n¬ Zp¿h-l-amb A]-cm-[-am-W-h≥ sNøp-∂Xv. XpS¿s∂∂pw ˛ Cl-
]-c-ß-fn¬ ˛ B jfi-amb \n w-KX ˛ \njv{InbXzw ˛ Ahs\ ]n≥Xp-
S¿∂p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn°pw. ImcWw F√m-h-cmepw kwc-£n-°-s∏-tS≠
H∂mWv kaqlw. IrXy-hn-tem]w [¿Ω-Nyp-Xn-bmbpw ssZhimk-\ß-
fpsS ewL-\-ambpw Ckvemw Icp-Xp∂p. "c£-b¥n ]c-kv]cw' F∂ Hu]-
\n-j-Zn-I-kw-kvImcw ChnsS Hm¿Øp-t]m-Ip∂p.
""kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw hnizm-kn-\n-Ifpw At\ym\yw c£m-I¿Øm-°-
fmWv. Ah¿ \∑ D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw Xn≥asb \ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.''
F∂ AØu_ (71) Ah-X-cn-∏n® A≤ym-]\w {it≤-b-amWv.
Ai-c-W-scbpw A\m-Y-scbpw c£n-°m\pw Ah-cpsS kpc-£n-XXzw
Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øm\pw Bh-iy-sa-¶n¬ Bbp-[-sa-Sp-t°-≠n-hcpw.
""\n߃s°-¥p-]‰n! ssZh-am¿§-Ønepw A\m-Y-cmb kv{XoI-fp-
84 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw Btflm-∂-Xn°pw ]tcm¬°¿j-Øn\pw 85
th≠n
sSbpw Ip´n-I-fp-sSbpw kwc-£-W-Øn\pw \n߃ bp≤w sNøp- XS-bp-Ibpw sNbvX-hs‚ hn{i-a-ÿm-\-amWv kz¿§w.''
∂n√!''- A∂n-km-Av˛ 75 A∂mknBØv 37-˛41
AK-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw A\m-Y-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-`-{Z-X-sb-°p-dn®v apl-ΩZv ""h√-h\pw t\¿am¿§w {]m]n-®m¬ AXns‚ ^ew Ah∂pXs∂-bm-
\_n kq£n-®p-t]m∂ D¬IWvT A]m-c-am-bn-cp∂p. Ip∂p. h√-h\pw Zp¿am¿§w {]m]n-®m¬ AXns‚ tZmjhpw
""hn[-h-I-fp-sSbpw AK-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw tkh-\-Øn¬ \nc-X-\m-b-h≥ Ah∂pXs∂. Ah-cpsS Imcy-Øn¬ \o DØ-c-hm-Zn-b√.''
ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ kacw sNøp-∂-h-s\-t∏m-setbm cm{Xn-\n∂v \a- A p-a¿ 41
kvI-cn-°p-Ibpw ]I¬ t\mº-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-s\-t∏m- ""amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ°v \∑-sN-øWw. Ah-cn¬ Hcmtfm, c≠mfpw
se-bmWv.'' _pJmcn ˛ apkvenw IqSntbm hr≤-cmbn \ns‚-b-Sp-°¬ Ign-bp-tºmƒ \ob-h-tcmSv
kap-Zm-b-Ønse Ai-c-W¿°pw AK-Xn-Iƒ°pw Bh-iy-am-bXv "sO' F∂p-t]mepw ]d-™p-t]m-I-cpXv. Ah-tcmSv \√Xp ]d-
sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°m-\p≈ DØchm-ZnØw kap-Zm-b-Øn-∂p-≈-XmWv. bpI˛Ffn-a-bpsS Icp-Wm¿{Z-amb NndIv \o Ah¿°mbn XmgvØn-
k°mØv kw`-cn®v AXns‚ Ah-Im-in-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ hnfw-_w-hn\m hnX- s°m-Sp-°pI. \o ]d-bpI Fs‚ \mYm sNdp-∏-Imew Ah-scs∂
cWw sNøWw. B XpI aXn-bm-hmsXh∂m¬ th≠{X kwJy, D≈-h- t]m‰n-b-Xp-t]mse \ob-h¿°v Icp-W-sN-tø-Wta!''
cn¬\n∂v \n¿_-‘-]q¿∆w kw`-cn-°Ww. kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Hcp hy‡n Hcp- A¬-C-kvdm-Av 23-˛24
Zn-hkw ]´n-Wn-In-S-t°-≠n-h-∂m¬, Ah∂v `£Ww \¬Im≥ t{]cn-∏n-°p- X\n°pw kaq-l-Øn\pw tZmj-Im-cn-b-√mØ kakvX kzmX-{¥y-
∂n-s√-¶n¬, Bh-iy-amb ]cn-lm-c-am¿§w Is≠-Øp-∂n-s√-¶n¬, kap-Zm-b- ßfpw Ckvemw hy‡n-°-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p≠v. hy‡nbpw kaq-lhpw Hcp-
amsI Ip‰-`mcw hln-t°-≠n-hcpw. C∆n-j-b-I-amb Jp¿-B-\nI ]cm-a¿iw t]mse BZ-cn-t°≠ Nne PohnX aqey-ß-fp≠v. Ah-bpsS km£m¬°-
Gsd {it≤-b-as{X: cWw hy‡n˛kaq-l-ß-fpsS _m≤y-X-bmWv. AXn¬ hy‡n kºq¿Æ-k-
""Aß-s\-b√, {]XypX \n߃ A\m-Ysb BZ-cn-°p-∂n√. AK- l-I-cWw ka¿∏n-°Ww.
Xn°v Blmcw \¬Im≥ ]c-kv]cw t{]cn-∏n-°p-∂n√. A\-¥-c-
kzØv \n߃ A{I-a-ambn Xn∂p∂p. [\sØ IÆ-S®p kvt\ln-
°p∂p. Aßs\ th≠m. `qan XI¿°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ \ns‚ \mY\pw
AWn-b-Wn-bmbn ae-°p-Ifpw hcp-tºmƒ˛B Zn\-Øn¬ \cIw
sIm≠p-h-c-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ A∂v a\p-jy≥ kvacn°pw. ]t£, Ah-
s\¥v kvacW! l! Fs‚ Pohn-X-Øn\v ap≥Iq´n h√Xpw sNbvXn-
cp-s∂-¶n¬! F∂m¬ Ah≥ in£n-°pw-t]mse Bcpw in£n-°p-I-
bn√. Ah≥ _‘n-®n-Spw-t]mse Bcpw _‘n-®n-Sp-I-bp-an√.''
A¬^Pv¿ 17˛-26
""GsX-¶nepw \m´n¬ Hcp a\p-jy≥ hni∂p Ign-tb-≠n-h-∂m¬ B
\m´p-Imsc c£n-®p-t]m-cp∂ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-Øn-¬\n∂v A√mlp
Hgn-hmbn.'' AlvaZv
""IqSp-X¬ hml-\-ap-≈-h¿ hml-\-ta-Xp-an-√m-Ø-h¿°v \¬Is´.''
apkvenw˛A_q-Zm-hqZv
""c≠m-fpsS `£-W-Øn\v aq∂m-a-sXm-cmsf Iq´pI. \mem-fpsS `£-
W-Øn\v Hc-©m-as\ Iq´pI.'' _pJmcn ˛ apkvenw
""kvt\lw ImcpWyw I\nhv˛F∂n-h-bn¬ Hcp ico-cw-t]m-se-bmWv
apkvenw-Iƒ. Hc-h-b-h-Øn\v h√Xpw ]nW-™m¬ icocw apgp-h≥
]\n-]n-Sn®v AXn¬ ]¶p-tN-cp∂p.'' _pJmcn ˛ apkvenw
""hnizm-kn-Iƒ Hcp sI´n-Sw-t]m-se-bmWv. AXns‚ `mK-߃ ]c-
kv]cw i‡n-s∏-SpØpw.'' _pJmcn ˛ apkvenw
""A{Iaw {]h¿Øn-°p-Ibpw sFlnI PohnXw AXy-`n-Im-ay-sa∂v
Icp-Xn-°-gn-bp-∂-Xmtcm Ahs‚ kt¶-X-amWv \cIw. c£n-Xm-
hns‚ ]Z-hnsb `b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Bflm-hns\ tZtl-—-I-fn¬\n∂v
86 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
16
PohnX ]q¿W-Xbv°v
a X-ß-sf√mw ssZh-Øns‚ AkvXnXzw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂p. {]]-©-Øn\v
Hcp krjvSn-I¿Øm-hp-s≠∂v F√m {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw temIsØ Adn-bn-®n-
´pap≠v.
hnizm-k-Øn\v a\p-jy-hw-i-Øns‚ {]mb-ap≠v. hnizm-k-Øn-∂-\p-
tcm-[a- mbn \ntj-[hpw ]nd-∂n-cp∂p F∂-XmWv Hcp hntijw. F∂m¬ Hcn-
°epw hnizm-kn-I-fp-tS-Xp-t]mse \ntj-[n-I-fpsS am{X-amb Hcp P\-]-Z-ap-
≠m-bn-´n√. \ntj[w sshb-‡n-I-am-bn-cp∂p F∂m-Wn-hnsS hnh£.
{]mNo\ `mc-X-Øn¬Xs∂ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ \nc-h[n \ntj-[n-I-fp-≠m-
bn-cp∂p. I]n-e≥, kmwJy≥, IWm-Z≥, bm⁄-h-evIy≥, ZØm-t{X-b≥
XpS-ßn-b-h¿ A°q-´-Øn-emWv. ]Xn-s\´v ]sØm≥]Xv \q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬
bqtdm-∏n-ep-≠mb Ne-\-߃ {it≤-b-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p. {InkvXo-b-a-Xhpw
AXn-thKw hnIm-k-hr-≤n-Iƒ°v hnt[-b-am-bn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ imkv{Xhpw
XΩn-ep-≠mb kwL¿jw Ncn-{XsØ Gsd kzm[o-\n-®-Xm-bn-°mWmw.
Cu AI¬®sb \ntj-[n-Iƒ \∂mbn {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bp-≠mbn.
imkv{X-Øns‚ ]n≥Xp-Wt- bm-sS-bmWv ]n¬°m-eØv \ntj-[h - mZw AYhm
A\m-fl-hmZw cwK-Øp-h-∂Xv.
hnizmkw, hnizm-knsb kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw Hcm-izm-k-amWv.
Bizm-k-sa-∂Xv Hc-\p-`-hhpw. A\p-`-h-ßsf \ncm-I-cn-°m≥ B¿°pw
km≤y-a√; A{X-bp-amWv hnizm-k-Øns‚ bp‡n-]-cX. ""Cuiz-c-s\-s∂m-
∂n-s√-¶n¬ a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ kzÿ-Xbv°pw `{Z-Xbv°pw th≠n Hco-
iz-cs\ \mw krjvSn-t°-≠n-h-cp-am-bn-cp∂p'' F∂p-t]mepw Nn¥n® hnizm-
kn-Iƒ Chn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p.
ssZh-hn-izmkw Hcp Z¿i-\-sa∂ coXn-bn¬Øs∂ Ckvemw kwkvIr-
Xn-bpsS AwKn-bmb `mh-amWv. Ckvemw GI-ssZ-h-Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂p.
Ckvemw ]nd∂ Atd-_ym-`q-JWvUw ]c-º-c-bm ssZh-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS
{]tZ-i-am-bn-cp∂p. At\I ssZh-ßsf Ah-cm-cm-[n-®p-t]m∂p. ""_lp-
ssZ-hm-cm-[-\-bpsS t]cn¬ Atd-_y-bn¬ \S∂ sshIr-X-ßfpw a\p-tjym-
Nn-X-a-√mØ lo\-hr-Øn-Ifpw Ah¿Wy-am-bn-cp∂p'' F∂v tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Ønb Ncn-{X-{K-Ÿ-ß-fp≠v.
{]hm-N-I-\n-eqsS sXfn-™p-h∂ Ckvemw CXns\ Fßs\ t\cn´p
F∂-t\z-jn-°p-∂Xv DNn-X-am-b-cn°pw. Hcp {]Xn-jvTnX hnizm-k-Øns‚
87
ewL\w inem-t`-Z\w t]mse {iam-h-l-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hnNm-c-a-Xn-Iƒ°-
dnbmw. F∂m¬ CkvemwaXw CXv \n¿h-ln-®Xv A\m-bm-k-am-bn-cp∂p
F∂v ]d-™p-Iq-sS-¶nepw ]pXn-sbmcp am¿§w Ah-ew-_n®psIm≠mWv.
_lp-ssZh hnizm-k-Øns‚ km[p-Xsb tNmZyw sNøpI F∂ coXn-am‰n
GI-ssZ-h-Xz-Øns‚ ka¿Y-\-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Ckvemw kaq-l-a-\- ns\
kzm[o-\n-®Xv. AXp-hgn {]hm-N-I≥ ]pXnb Z¿i-\-Øns‚ {]Xn-jvTm-]-\-
amWv P\-a-\- p-I-fn¬ \n¿h-ln-®Xv. ""Ah∂v Xpey-amb sbmsXmcp
hkvXp-hp-an√'' (112:4) F∂v temIw \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂ ktN-X-\-ß-fmb
ZrjvSm-¥-߃ \ncØn ka¿Yn-®p-sIm-≠mWv {]hm-N-I≥ apt∂m´p \oßn-
bXv. ]gb Xe-apd ssZh-ßsf Ah-X-cn-∏n®v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-t∏mƒ
sshhn-≤y-am¿∂ \ma-cq-]-߃ Ah-Xo¿W-ß-fm-bn-´p≠v. Ah-sbms°
a\p-jy-a-\- n¬ Ipg-∏-ß-fp-≠m-°m≥ Imc-W-ß-fm-bn-`-hn®p. Bi-b-°p-g-
∏-ß-fpsS Ccp≠ CS-\m-gn-bn-eqsS Ib-dn-bn-d-ßn-t∏m∂ a\p-jysc "CX√
CX√' F∂v t_m≤y-s∏-SpØn kwi-bt- —-Znbmw hn[w {]hm-NI - ≥ Cßs\
]d™p: ""Ah∂v Xpey-ambn bmsXm-∂p-an√''. kmZriyw Iev]n-°p-tºmƒ
_lp-Xz-Z¿i-\-Øn\v {]k-‡n-bn√. AXp-ey-amWv, Ak-Zr-i-amWv F∂v
JWvUn-X-am-bn-∏-d-bp-tºmƒ "GI-ta-hm-Zzn-Xnbw {_“w' ZrV-cq-V-am-bn-
Øo-cp-Ib - mWv. Ah≥ A\m-Zy\pw A\-¥y-\p-am-sW∂pw Ah≥ _mlyhpw
B`y-¥-c-hp-am-sW∂pw Ah≥ kzbw `qhm-sW∂pw Jp¿-B≥ {]Jym-]n-
°p-tºmƒ ssZh {]Ir-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ kXy-ip-≤-amb kmam-\y-t_m[w
\Ωn-e-¶p-cn-°p∂p.
Ah∂v amXm-]n-Xm-°fpw `mcybpw k¥m-\-ß-fp-ap-s≠∂v ]d-bp-
tºmƒ Ah≥ Ahs‚ krjvSn-bmb a\p-jy-s\-t∏mseXs∂ Fs∂mcp
hnI-e-t_m[w \Ωn-ep-≠mIpw. P¥p kl-P-amb hnIm-c-ßfpw A\p-`q-Xn-
Ifpw Ah-\n-em-tcm-]n-°p-tºmƒ ssZh{]Ir-Xn-tbmSv \mw \oXn-Im-Wn-°p-
∂n√ F∂mWv Jp¿-Bs‚ ]£w. AXn-\m¬ XmZr-i-ß-fmb kI-e-]-cm-
a¿i-ß-tfmSpw Jp¿-B≥ hn{]-Xn-]Øn ImWn-°p∂p.
""Dd-°tam ab-°tam Ahs\ _m[n-°p-∂ns√''∂pw ""BIm-i-`q-an-I-
fn-ep-≈-sX√mw Ahs‚ A[o-\-Øn-emsW''∂pw ""Ahs‚ A\p-aXn
IqSmsX Ah-¶¬ ip]m¿i ka¿∏n-°m≥ B¿°pw km≤y-as√''∂pw
""Ahs‚ knwlm-k\w BImi `qan-Isf Nqgv∂n-cn-°p∂p'' sh∂pw tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ Ah≥ AXyp-∂-X\pw Ak-Zr-i\pw AJn-em-cm-≤y-\p-am-
sW∂v t_m≤y-am-Ip∂p.
kXy-ambn, k\m-X-\-ambn H∂p-am-{X-ta-bp-≈q-sh∂pw A k\m-X\
kXy-Øns‚ ktN-X\ km∂n-≤y-amWv kI-e -Pohcmin-I-fnepw kv]µn-
°p-∂Xv F∂p-ap≈ AssZzX kn≤m¥kmcw \man-hn-sS-b-\p-kva-cn-°p∂p.
AJn-em-cm-≤y-\mb ssZhw GI-\m-sW∂pw Ahs‚ krjvSn-bmWv {]]©w
F∂pw Jp¿-B≥ ka¿Yn-°p∂p; {kjvSmhpw krjvSnbpw c≠mbn \ne-
sIm-≈p∂p. {kjvSm-hns‚ ssI{In-b-bmWv {]]©w F∂-Xp-sIm≠v {]]-
©-Øn\v ÿmbo-`m-h-an√.
ssZh-Øns‚ aln-am-hp-I-f-dn-bp-Ibpw Ah-sb h-cnjvS amXr-I-I-
fm°n A\p-[m-h\w sNøm≥ {ian-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂h - c
- n¬ ssZhw ImcpWyw
88 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
h¿jn-°p-sa∂ Jp¿-B-\nI kqN\ A¿Y-h-ØmWv.
""ssZh-{]oXn Imw£n-°p-∂-hsc kam-[m-\-Øns‚ ]mX-bn-te°pw
k∑m¿§-Øn-te°pw A√mlp hgn-Im-Wn°pw'' (5: 16) F∂ kq‡w A
XmWv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv.
km∂n-≤y-Øns‚ A]-cn-ta-ba - mb Xo{h-Xs
- Im-≠mWv ssZhw \ΩpsS
IÆn\v AtKm-N-c-am-bn-Øo-cp-∂Xv. AI¬®-bpsS A[n-I-X-bnepw hkvXp-
Zr-jvSn-tKm-N-c-am-bn-Øo-cm-dn√. (ap´pkqNn-sb-SpØv IÆnse IrjvW-a-Wn-
°-SpØv ]nSn®p. At∏m-gXv AZr-iy-am-bn-cn-°p∂p. ]d-∂-I-ep∂ hnam\w
sNdp-Xmbn sNdp-Xmbn ]ns∂ A{]-Xy-£-am-Ip-∂Xv AI¬®-bpsS
B[nIyw sIm≠mWv.) ""Xs‚ km∂n-≤y-Øns‚ Xo{h-X-sIm≠v krjvSn-
I-fn¬\n∂v ad-™n-cn-°p-Ibpw Xs‚ {]Im-i-Øns‚ Xnf-°-Øm¬ Ah-
cpsS ZrjvSn-I-fn¬\n∂pw ad-bv°-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂-h-\p-amb Hcp-h∂v kvXpXn''
F∂v Jp¿-B≥ ssZh ssNX-\y-sØ-b-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-tºmƒ ""`mh-Øn≥ ]c-
tIm-Sn-bn¬ kzb-a-`m-h-Øn≥ kz`mhw hcmw.'' F∂ a\x-im-kv{Xm-h-ew-_n-
bmb Nn¥m-i-Iew \mtam¿°p∂p.
""Ing°pw ]Sn-™mdpw A√m-lp-hn-t‚-XmWv. \n߃ Fhn-tSbv°v
Xncn-™mepw AhnsS A√m-lp-hns‚ apJ-ap≠v'' (2:15) F∂pw ""Ah≥
F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw hebw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p'' (41:54) F∂pw ""Ah≥
AXn-hn-im-e-\mWv''(2:115) F∂pw ""\n߃ Fhn-sS-bn-cp-∂mepw Ah≥
\nß-fpsS IqsS-bp≠v'' (57:4) F∂p-ap≈ Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-߃ hmbn-
°p-tºmƒ Ah≥ k¿∆-sØbpw Nqgv∂p-\n-ev°p-∂h - \
- m-sW∂mWv t_m≤y-
s∏-Sp-∂Xv. sslµ-h-{K-Ÿ-ß-fnse kl-{k-\m-a-߃ t]mse Jp¿-B-\n¬
A¿Y-hm-Nn-bmb At\Iw \mam-¥-c-ß-fp≠v.
""Ah≥ Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bmWv, ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mWv'' (1:2)
k¿∆-i-‡-\mWv (2:20)
k¿h-⁄-\mWv (2:282)
""F√mw ImWp-∂-h\pw tIƒ°p-∂-h-\p-amWv'' (4:58) ""kq£va-⁄-
\mWv'' (6:103) ""]cm-{i-b-an-√m-Ø-h-\mWv'' (27:40) ""k¿h-scbpw AXn-P-bn-
°p-∂-h-\mWv'' (40:2) ""kl-\-io-e-\mWv'' (85:51) ""sX‰p-Iƒ s]mdp-°p-∂-
h-\mWv'' (40:3) ""£am-\n-[n-bm-Wv.'' (4:43) ""\oXn\njvT-\m-Wv.'' (3:18)
""A\o-Xn-Im-´m-Ø-h-\mWv'' (4:124) ""`b-c-£-I-\mWv'' (65:3) ""{]Im-i-Øn-
te°v hgn-\-bn-°p-∂-h-\mWv'' (5:16) ""kpIrX _m‘-h-\mWv'' (2:222)
""DZm-c-io-e-\mWv'' (27:40) ""kXy k‘-\mWv'' (33:4) ""cmPm-[n-cm-P-\mWv''
(3:26) ""AJne \nb-¥m-hmWv'' (2:255) ""{]]© c£-I-\m-Wv.'' (6: 164)
""A∂ ZmXm-hmWv.'' (2: 212) ""kI-e-⁄-\mWv'' (6:3) ""\ymbm-[n-]-\mWv.''
(5:1)
taep-≤-cn® "kl-{k-\m-aß-fn'¬\n∂v Jp¿B-\nse ssZh-k-¶-
ev]sØ kw_-‘n-®p≈ sXfn™ Nn{Xw \ap°p e`n°pw. Hmtcm
\mahpw {]Xn-\n--[o-I-cn-°p∂ Bi-b-tem-IsØ ka-\z-bn-∏n-®m¬ AXv
Ckvemw kwkv-IrXn hc®pImWn-°p∂ ssZh {]Ir-X-sØbpw ssZh-
[¿Ω-ß-sfbpw A\m-h-c-W-w sN-øp-∂-Xmbn amdpw. GI\pw Icp-Wm\n-
[nbpw AJn-em-cm-[y-\p-amb hniz-in¬]n ˛ AXmWv Jp¿-B-\nI ssZh
PohnX ]q¿W-Xbv°v 89
k¶ev]w .
`uXn-I-bm-Ym¿Yy-ß-fpsS taJebn¬ A[r-jy-X-b-h-Im-i-s∏´p Ign-
bp-∂-h≥ t]mepw ChnsS F¥v sNtø≠q F∂-dn-bmsX hnj-an-°p∂
\nan-j-ß-fp≠v. a‰p-≈-h-cn¬ hnkvabw hnf-bn-®p-sIm≠v Ah≥ th]-Yp-
sIm-≈p-Ibpw KZvK-Xm-£-c-\m-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøp∂p. H∂p-am-tem-Nn-
®s√-¶nepw ssZhta F∂v hnfn-°p-Ibpw kt_m-[-\m-b-s√-¶nepw Ft¥m-
bm-Nn-°m-s\-∂-t]mse ssIIƒ BIm-i-Øn-te-bv°p-b¿Øp-Ibpw
sNøp∂p. Cuiz-tcm-∑p-J-amWv a\p-jys‚ {]bmWw. kar-≤-amb ]cn-kc
{]]-©-Øn-\p-t]mepw ]cn-i-an-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bmØ AZ-ay--amb Hc-¥¿Zmlw
Ah-\n¬ {]I-S-amWv. F¥p t\Sn-bmepw t\tS-≠Xv t\Sn-bn-s√-s∂mcp
tXm∂¬. F¥v I≠mepw ImtW-≠Xv I≠n-s√∂ Ahym-tJybamb Hc-
kzmÿyw. Xs‚ A\p-`-h-ß-fp-sSbpw Bkzm-Z-\-ß-fp-sSbpw taJ-e-I-fn¬
Bth-≠Xm-bn√ Fs∂m-c-kw-Xr]vXn. Ahs‚ _p≤nbpw a\ pw "CX√
CX√' F∂v kZm a{¥n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ GXm-sW-∂-dn-bm-\p≈
D¬°WvTbpw Pn⁄m-kbpw AXn¬ \neo\-amWv. Xs‚ ]cn-an-Xn-I-sf-
°p-dn®pw A]q¿W-X-I-sf-°p-dn®pw Hcmƒ t_m[-hm-\m-sW∂p hcp-tºmƒ
]q¿Whpw A]-cn-ta-b-hp-amb Hc-⁄mX taJ-e-bn-tebv°v Ah≥ ssII-
fp-b¿Øn-t∏m-hp-I-bmWv. Xs‚ ssIIƒ, Xm\-dn-bm-sX-bm-sW-¶nepw
Db¿Ø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Fhn-tS-°v F∂p kzbw tNmZn-°p-tºmƒ Ahs‚
a\ v \n»-_vZ-am-hp∂p. B \n»-_vZ-Xbv°v `mjyw \¬In-bm¬ e`n-°p∂
kam-[m\w ]q¿W-X-bn-tebv°v, \nXy-k-Xy-Øn-tebv°v AY-hm- im-¥n-bn-
tebv°v F∂m-bn-cn°pw.
`£-Whpw \n{Zbpw {]P-\-\-ti-jnbpw hnNm-c-i-‡nbpw hnth-N-\-
t_m-[hpw `mjW kn≤n-bp-sa-√m-ap≈ a\p-jy≥ a‰v Poh-cm-in-I-sf-b-t]-
£n®v Iptd-°qSn e£yt_m[-ap-≈-h-\mWv. Ah∂v ssZh-Z-Ø-amb hnti-
j-_p≤n Ahs‚ e£y-{]m-]vXn-bn¬ Ah\v hf-sc-tbsd klm-b-I-amWv
""BIm-i-`q-an-I-fpsS {]Im-i-amb'' (24:35) kXy-th-Z-{KŸw Ahs\ hgn-
\-bn-°m-\p-ap≠v. At∏mƒ Ahs‚ PohnXw hn`m-hnX e£yw km£m¬°-
cn-® ]c-a[
- \
- y-Xbv°v hnt[-ba
- m-hW
- s
- a-¶n¬ ssZh-k∂
- n-[n-bn-tebv°v Ah≥
Db¿∂ps]mtß-≠-Xp≠v. Zm¿i-\n-I-\mb s{Ikv‰n tamdn-k¨ Cß-s\-
sb-gpXn:
""a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-Øn¬ ssZhm-kvXn-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®v t_m[-ap-s≠-∂-
XmWv Fs‚ A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ ssZhm-kvXn-Xz-Øn-∂p≈ G‰hpw henb
ZrjvSm¥w. ssZhn-I-hn-`m-h\ lrZ-b-Øn-e-¶pcn-∏n-°-Ø° Bflob i‡n-
bp≈ GI Pohn Cu {]]-©Ø - n¬ a\p-jy¿ am{X-amWv. Cu i‡nsb \mw
hnNm-c-tijn F∂v hnfn-°p∂p. hnNm-c-߃ tijn-sIm≠pw ssZhn-I-Zr-
jvSm-¥-ßsf Ah-ew-_-am-°n-bp-≈ hnNn-¥\wsIm≠pw a\p-jys‚ A¥-
cw-KØp hºn® Bflo-tbm¬°¿jw kwPm-X-am-Ip∂p. Cu Ah-ÿm-hn-
ti-j-Øn¬ AZr-iy-h-kvXp-°-fpsS bmYm¿Yyw Ah∂v Dƒs°m-≈m≥
Ign-bp∂p. Cu i‡n-hn-tijw Hcp a\p-jy\v apºn¬ bmYm¿Yy-ß-fpsS
Znhy shfn-]m-Sns‚ hnim-e-cwKw Xpd-∂p-sh-°p∂p. Ahs‚ am\-knI `mh-
\-Iƒ Bflob bmYm¿Yy-ß-fpsS cq]w {]m]n-°p∂p. Ah∂v {]m]-©n-
90 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb AkwJyw ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn-eqsS ssZh k∂n-[n-sb-
°p-dn®v sXfnhp e`n-°p∂p. ssZhw F√m hkvXp-°-fn-ep-ap-s≠∂pw
k¿thm-]cn Xs‚ lrZ-b-Øn\v kao-]ØpXs∂-bp-s≠∂pw Ah≥ Adn-
™p-Xp-S-ßp∂p.'' CsXmcp alm-bm-{X-bpsS awK-f-]q¿Wamb kam-cw-`-
amWv.
17
Hcp [oc \qX\ kaqlw
\mw Bcm-sWt∂m \mw hln-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip∂ PohnXw F¥n-\m-
sWt∂m F¥mWo {]]-©-sat∂m Adn-bmsX F√mw I≠v hnkva-bn-
°m≥ am{Xw ioen® BZn-a-a-\p-jy≥ {]IrXn {]Xn-`m-k-߃°v ap∂n¬
Aßs\ A¥whn´p-\n∂p. {Ia-Øn-e-h-\n¬ Pn⁄m-k-bp-W¿∂p. AXv
At\z-j-W-Øn-te°v hgn-\-bn®p. BZyw AsXmcp Iq´mb {ia-sa-m∂p-am-
bn-cp-∂n√. ]e- Im-e-ß-fn-embn ]e- X-e-ß-fn-embn At\z-jWw XpS¿∂p.
I≠pw -sIm≠pw ambv®pw Xncp-Øn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p Ahs‚ {]bmWw. (Cu
{]bm-W-K-Xn-bpsS {]Ir-XsØ D]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ "t\Xn- t\Xn' F∂ a{¥-
hm-°p-]-tbm-Kn-®mWv hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv ˛ CX√ CX√ F∂m-W-Xns‚
hnh£) a\p-jy-\nse Ign-hp-Iƒ {]hr-≤-ß-fmbn. ImgvN-∏m-Sp-Iƒ°v
Xo£vWX IqSn. Ahs‚ Nn¥bv°v {Iao-Ir-XX - zhpw NpSp-eX- bpw h¿≤n®p.
⁄m\w F∂v ]d-bm≥ ss[cyw tXm∂n-bn-s√-¶nepw GtXm Hc-Zr-iy-i-
‡n-bpsS Ifn-hn-f-bm´w Ah∂v t_m≤y-s∏´p. C{µn-b-tKm-N-c-ß-fmb
kI-e-am\ {]m]-©nI {]Xn-`m-k-ßfpw AXn-te-°m-W-hs\ \bn-®Xv.
krjvSn ÿnXn kwlm-c-Im-c-IXzw B AZyiy i‡n-bpsS kn≤n-bm-
sW∂pw AXn∂v hnt[-b-am-bmWv kakvX Ncm-N-c-ßfpw h∂n-cn-°p-∂-
sX∂pw Ah≥ Is≠Øn.
{]mNo\ `mc-XØ - nse Ejn-]pw-Kh- ∑- m¿ a\p-jy-Nc
- n-{X-Øn\v \¬Inb
kw`m-h-\-Iƒ hep-Xm-bn-cp∂p. bh-\-\m-K-cn-I-X-bpsS ]Xm-Im-hm-l-I-
cpsS Is≠-Ø-ep-Ifpw {it≤-b-am-bn-cp∂p. ]e Z¿i-\-ßfpw aX-ßfpw
P∑-sa-SpØp. Bflob hmZ-Øn-s‚bpw `uXnI ho£-W-Øn-s‚bpw
ambm hmZ-Øn-s‚-bp-sa√mw coXn-t`-Z-߃ Nn¥-bpsS thZn-bn¬ k¶o¿Æ-
ß-fmb Ne-\-ß-fp-W¿Øn. Ch-bvs°√mw kmam-\y-amb Hcp khn-ti-j-
X-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. F√m Z¿i-\-ßfpw aX-XXz-kw-ln-X-Ifpw {]Xn-`m-im-en-
I-fp-sSbpw hnNm-c-a-Xn-I-fp-sSbpw thZn-I-fn¬ am{Xw {]k-cn®p \nev°p-I-
PohnX ]q¿W-Xbv°v 91
bm-bn-cp∂p. {]Xn-`m-im-en-I-fpsS Nn¥bv-s°m∏w \S-°m≥ kmam-\y-a-\- p-
Iƒ°v km[n-®n√. F∂m¬ Adn-™p-sIm-≠-s√-¶nepw Ahbv°v ]nd-In¬
A\p-[m-h\w sNøm-\m-fp-I-fp-≠mbn. A⁄m-X-amb Hcm-¥-cnI Zml-
Øns‚ ]cn-ia - \
- Ø
- n-∂p≈ Ahy-‡a - mb t{]c-Wb- mImw AXns‚ ]n∂n¬.
F¥m-bmepw Hcp {]hm-l-Ønse Pe-IWw t]mse Ahcpw H∏-sam-gpIn.
Ahn-sS-bmWv Jp¿-Bs‚ Xncp-hp-Zbw {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂Xv. Hcp Iq¿a
_p≤n-bpsS akvXn-jv°-Øns‚ AKm[-X-bn¬ \n∂p-b¿∂ k¶o¿Æ-X-b-
Wn™ Nn¥-I-fpsS kap-®-b-a√ B thZ-{KŸw. BcpsS ap∂nepw Hcp
Iodm-ap-´n-bmbn Ah-ti-jn-∏n-°p∂ H∂pw Jp¿-B∂v \¬Im-\n√. AXn-km-
[m-c-W-\mb AXpw \nc-£-c-\mb Hcm-fn-eq-sS-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ Ah-X-cn-°p-
∂Xv. AhnsS kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw k¶o¿Æ-X-Ifpw Zp¿{K-l-X-Ifpw hyman-
{i-X-Ifpw apJw ImWn-°p-I-bn-√s√m.
Adn-bm-Ø-h-\mWv Xms\∂v
t_m≤y-ap-≈-h-\mWv apl-ΩZv
AXn-\m¬ apl-Ω-Zns‚ `mhw
hn\-ba - k
- r-Wa - m-bn-cp∂p
Hu]-Nm-cnI hnZym-`ym-k-sam∂pw
t\Sn-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw apl-Ω-Zn-s\-°p-dn®v
km¿h-{Xn-I-ambn {]N-cn® A`n-{]mbw
A¬-A-ao≥ (hniz-kvX≥) F∂mWv.
AXn-\m¬ hniz-kvX-X-bn¬, kXy-k-‘-X-bn¬
apl-ΩZv Ak-Zr-i-\m-bn-cp∂p
Bi-bm-Z¿i-ß-fp-ambn hntbm-Pn-°p-∂-h¿t]mepw
eLp-Xzhpw kXy-k-‘-X-bp-amWv
apl-Ω-Zns‚ {]Ir-X-sa∂v, ]d-bp-am-bn-cp∂p.
apl-ΩZv ]d-bp-∂Xv B¿°pw a\- n-em-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p. AXns‚ Bg-
ß-f-dn-bm≥ as‰mcp `mjy-Im-c≥ Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-∂n√. At±-l-Øns‚
\m°n-eqsS Hgp-In-sb-Ønb Bi-b-߃°v Fs¥-¶nepw Ahy-‡X
tXm∂n-sb-¶n¬ apl-Ω-Zns‚ Ncy-Iƒ t\m°n ip≤ cq]-ap-d-∏n-°m≥
B¿°p-sam´pw hnj-a-an-√m-bn-cp∂p.
PohnX [¿a-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Jp¿-B≥ \¬Inb hni-Zo-I-cWw efn-
Xhpw Ah-{I-hp-am-bn-cp∂p. Hcp]t£ At∂mfw as‰mcp aX-Z¿i-\-Ønepw
C{X-ta¬ sXfn-hp-‰Xpw emfn-Xy-an-b-∂-Xp-amb Hcm-Jym\w temIw I≠n-
´n√. At∂mfw A¿Y-a-dn-bmsX HØn-cp∂p ]mSm≥ t]mcp∂ P]-am-e-I-fp-
sSbpw kvt{Xm{X-c-Xv\-ß-fp-sSbpw kap-®-b-am-bn-cp∂p km[m-c-W-°m-c\v
aX-Z¿i\w. AYhm kmam-\ys\ kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw Zp¿{K-l-am-bn-
cp∂p At∂-h-sc-bp≈ ssZh-Z¿i-\-ß-sf√mw. aXm-\p-Km-an-I-fm-bn´pw
kmam\y P\w Pohn-XsØ XZ-\p-kmcw et£ym-∑p-J-ambn ]q¿Æ-X-bn-
te°v \bn-°m≥ {ian-°msX AYhm B{K-ln-®mepw km[n-°msX
{]]© {]Xn-`m-kß - f - psS hn[m-Xmhpw kI-em-[n-\m-Y\
- p-amb ssZh-Øns‚
ap∂n¬ `‡ym-Z-c-ß-tfmsS \nev°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. FhnsS \n∂m-tWsd
92 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw Hcp [oc \qX\ kaqlw 93

bmsX, Bcm-[-\o-b-ß-fmb ]e-Xp-ap-s≠∂v \mw [cn®p. hn{`m-a-I-_p-≤n-

{]kmZw e`n-°p-I-sb-∂-dn-bmsX ]e ssZh-ß-fp-sSbpw ap∂n¬ hn{`m-a-I-
tbmsS ]c-X-{¥-Xm-`m-h-tØmsS Ahbv°v ap∂n-se√mw Xe-Ip-\n®p
ambn Dg-ep-I-bm-bn-cp∂p!
\nevt°≠ ASn-a-I-f-√ -\m-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥ \sΩ {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.
Dcp-f-t®mdp ssIhn´n˛
imco-cnI ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°-IØv C{µn-b-ß-fpsS then-s°-´n-\p-≈n-sem-Xp-
´p≈w ssI \°p-thm-\n-h≥
ßn-°-gn-tb≠ \n mc Pohn-b√ a\p-jy≥. \Ωn¬ kp]vXm-h-ÿ-bn¬
F∂v ssZh-hn-izmkn ]cn-l-kn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc Imcy-߃
ssNX\yw h¿Øn-°p∂p. B ssNX\y hnti-jsØ Is≠Øn t{]m÷z-
sNs∂Øn˛At∏mƒ Jp¿-B≥:
en-∏n-°Ww. AXv km[n-°p-tºmtg \sΩ-°p-dn®pw \ΩpsS [¿a-ß-sf-°p-
k¶o¿Æ-X-I-fn-√msX, hf-®p-sI-´n-√msX
dn-®p-ap≈ t_m[w \Ωn¬ {]^p-√-am-hp-I-bp≈q. A\p-I-ºbpw Zbbpw
ssZhsØ efn-X-ambn, kc-f-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØn
tkh\ a\ pw Ahn-sS-bmWv cwK-{]-thiw sNøpI.
ssZh-ln-X-sØbpw ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØn
ssZhw Xs‚ hi-ap≈ Imcp-WysØ \qdmbn ]¶p-sh®p. AXn-sem-
k¿h-i-‡\pw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw
s∂-SpØv Xs‚ krjvSn-I-f-[n-h-kn-°p∂ temI-Øn\p kΩm-\n®p.
GI-\p-amb A√mlp.
ssZh-Im-cp-Wy-Øns‚ Hcp iX-am-\-am-Wn-hnsS kvt\lw, t{]aw,
Ah-\mWv {]]-©-Øns‚ krjn-I¿Ømhv
hm’eyw, IcpW, Zb, {]nbw, `‡n˛Aßs\ Bbncw cq]-Øn¬
krjvSn-I-fpsS c£m-in-£-I-sf√mw
hnf-ßp-∂Xv. Hcp iX-am-\-Øns‚ hnem-k-em-ky-ß-fm-Wn-h-sb-¶n¬
Ahs‚ \n›-b-a-\p-k-cn®v \S-°p∂p.
sXmÆq-‰n-sbm-ºXp iX-am\w kq£n-°p∂ ssZh-Øns‚ Icp-Wm-
`qan-bn¬ ssZh-Øns‚
]-c-Xbv°v AXn-cpt≠m? \ma-ßs\ kzbw tNmZn®pt]mIp∂p. AXn-
{]Xn-]p-cp-j-\mWv a\p-jy≥
\m¬ Jp¿-B≥ ssZhsØ Icp-Wm-a-b≥ F∂v hnti-jn-∏n®p. F{X
AXn-\m¬ a\p-jy≥ krjvSn-I-fn¬ t{ijvT-\mbn
kXy-ip-≤-amb hnti-jWw!
PohnXw hcn-jvS-amb Hcp Xo¿Ym-S-\-amWv
tIhew imco-cn-I-amb ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°-IØv HXp-ßn-°-gn-bp∂ Ime-
ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn-te-°m-W-hs‚ bm{X
tØmfw \mw \n m-c-∑m-cmWv. AXp-sIm≠v kzb-a-dn™v, krjvSn-bn¬
Cu PohnXw B bm{X-bpsS H∂mw L´-amWv.
t{ijvT-am-sW∂ kXyw {Kln®v ssZh-lnXw am\n®v ssZh-Øns‚ Xncp-
Cl-temI Pohn-X-Øns‚ t\cpw s\dnbpw
k-∂n-[n-bn-te-°p≈ Xo¿Ym-S-\-amWv PohnXw F∂ alm-kXyw a\- n-
]c-tem-IØv sXfn-bn-°-s∏-Sp∂p.
em°n \n¿`bw apt∂m´p t]mIWw. AØcw kzX{¥ a\p-jy-cpsS
al-Ømb e£y-{]m-]vXn°v B Nn¥
kapXvIrjvS kaq-l-amWv kXy-thZw {]Xym-in-°p-∂Xv.
a\p-jys\ {]m]vX\pw ka¿l\p-am-°p∂p.
kaql Pohn-XsØ kvt\l-a-kr-Whpw tkh\ ]q¿Æ-hp-am-°m≥
ssZhw \ntbm-Kn® hgn-Im-´n-I-fmWv {]hm-N-I-∑m¿
t]mcpwhn[w kZvhr-Ø-cmb a\p-jysc Fßs\ hm¿sØ-Sp-°m-sa∂v efn-
thZ-{KŸw hgn-hn-f°pw
X-ambn hni-Z-ambn Jp¿-B≥ {]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂p. kq£vahpw ka-{K-hp-amWv
`qan-bn¬ kzX-{¥\pw k¿hm-[n-Im-cn-bp-amWv a\p-jy≥
AXns‚ ho£Ww. ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-Ønse \n m-c-sa∂v tXm∂m-hp∂
amXm-]n-Xm-°sf \mw BZ-cn-°Ww
Imcy-ß-sf-t∏mepw Kuc-h-]q¿hw sXm´p-gn-™p-sIm-≠mWv thZ-{KŸw
]t£ Bcm-[\ ssZh-Øn\p am{Xw.
Imcy-km-c-a-dn-bn-°p-∂Xv. Hcp -\q-X\ am\h kaqlho£Ww Jp¿-B-\n¬
ka-kr-jvSn-Isf \mw kvt\ln-°Ww
IXn¿sh´w ]c-Øp-∂-Xm-bn-°mWmw.
]t£, ]c-a-amb kvt\lw ssZh-tØm-Sp-am{Xw.
Jp¿-B≥ hn`m-h\w sNøp∂ kaq-l-Øn¬ X´p-I-fn√. _mly-ku-
Poh-cm-in-I-tfmSv ImcpWyw ImWn-°Ww
`mKyw Io¿Øn®pw B¿YnIam\-Z-WvU-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®pw \n¿an® hn`m-Ko-
]t£ ka-kvXm-cm-[-\bpw ssZh-Øn\p am{Xw.
b-XIƒ kh¿Æm-h¿Æt`Z-߃ Jp¿-Bs‚ A¥:kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS
ssZh-am-{K-ln-°p-∂Xv {]]-©-Øn¬ BcpsS ap∂nepw, hnkva-b-ap-
ap∂n¬ Xo¿Øpw Akm-[p-hmWv. kmaq-lyÿm-]-\-ß-fp-sSbpw \oXn-\n-
W¿Øp∂ {]IrXn {]Xn-`m-k-ß-fpsS ap∂n¬ t]mepw \mw Xe-Ip-\n-°-
b-a-ß-fp-sSbpw ]cw-s]m-cp-fmb ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw ap∂n¬ a\p-jy¿ Xpey-
cpXv F∂mWv. DØn-jvT-am-\\mb, D≤-X-inc- m-b kzX{¥]uc-s\-bmWv
cm-sW∂v \nc-¶pi kao-]-\-tØmsS Jp¿-B≥ {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p. ka-
ssZh-am-{K-ln-°p-∂Xv. ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ \n¿`-b-\mbn a\p-jy≥ apt∂m-´p-
Xzhpw kzmX-{¥yhpw Ifn-bm-Sp∂ [oc-\q-X-\-amb Hcp kaqlhyh-ÿnXn
t]m-IWw.
Jp¿-B≥ hn`m-h\w sNøp∂p.
ssZhw a\p- j y\v - ˛ a\p- j y- \ p- a m{Xw- ˛ hnti- j - _ p- ≤ n- k - Ω m- \ n®p.
hntij_p≤n t{]m÷z-en-∏n®v Ah≥ IqSp-X¬ ]q¿Æ-X-bn-te°pw {]Im-
i-Øn-te°pw apt∂-dWw. {kjvSmhpw krjvSnbpw XΩn-ep≈ _‘-a-dn-
94 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
18
Hcm-Z¿i-k-aqlw
kXy-Z¿i-\sØ Kuc-h-an-b∂ Hcp at\m-hr-Øn-bmbn, Bflm-t\z-j-W-
ambn ]ecpw KWn-°m-dn√. ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X-Ønse kpJm-kzm-Z-\-th-f-
I-fn¬ Cuiz-c-s\-∏-‰n-tbm¿°m≥ a\p-jy\v Ign-bm-dn√. At∏m-g-Xn∂v
kabw ImWm-dn√. AsXm-cm-h-iy-am-sW∂pw tXm∂m-dn√. F∂m¬ {]m]-
©n-I-amb ]cm-`-h-߃°-Sn-s∏´v, sshX-c-Wn-I-fn¬I-pcpßn t¢i-ß-f-\p-
`-hn-t°-≠n-h-cp-tºmƒ B{i-b-ambn, AØm-Wn-bmbn, \mw ImWm-dp≈
Hcp ]Z-amWv Cuiz-c≥ F∂Xv. At∏m-g-hnsS kvac-W-bp≠v, {]m¿Y-\-
bp≠v, P]-tlm-am-Zn-I-fp≠v, Bfl ka¿∏Ww hsc-bp≠v. H∂v hy‡w.
A°m-esØ Cuiz-c-kva-c-W-sb-∂Xv kXy-Z¿i-\hy-{K-X-sImt≠m
Bflob ]n]mk-sImt≠m \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp∂ H∂√. £Wn-I-amb
kpJm-kzm-Z\ - ß
- ƒ°pw Xm¬°m-en-Ia - mb Imcy-em-`Ø - n\pw th≠n sXm≠-
s]m-´p-amdv hne-]n-°p-Ibpw I\-ap≈ ImWn° \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbvXm¬
{]oXn-s∏-Sp∂ ssZh-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ [mc-W-bm-Wn-hnsS {]Np-c-am-bn-´p-
≈Xv. emt`m-∑p-J-amb Hcp hyh-km-b-ambn ssZh-hn-izm-khpw Cuiz-cm-cm-
[-\bpw C∂v cq]m-¥cw {]m]n-®n-cn-°p∂p!
F√m aX-a-WvU-e-߃°pw aq∂v X´p-I-fp≠v G‰hpw tase
sXfn™pImWp-∂Xv BNm-c-m\p-jvTm-\-ß-fpsS Xe-amWv. thj`qjm-Zn-
Ifpw BNmcacym-Z-I-fp-am-W-hnsS. aX-t`-Z-a-\p-k-cn®v Ch-bn¬ hyXymkw
ImWmw. `kva-N-µ-\-te-]-\-ßfpw cp{Zm-£hpw sslµ-h-t\m-sSm-∏-ta-
ImWq. C∂v \s∂ Ipd™ph∂n-´p-s≠-¶nepw Xkv_n-sb-SpØpw CS-Øp-
SpØpw sXm∏n-sh®pw hcp-∂-hs\ I≠m¬ apk¬am-\m-sW-∂p-d-∏n°mw.
Hcp [oc \qX\ kaqlw 95
tfmlbpw Ipcn-ip-am-ebpw {InkvXym-\n-bp-tS-Xm-sW∂v ]d-tb-≠-Xn-√t√m.
Hmtcm aX hn`m-K-Øn\pw hyXykvX-amb BNmc k{º-Zm-b-ßfpw Pohn-
X-coXn t]mep-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. AXpt\m°n Hcp hy‡n-bpsS aX-hn-izmkw
\n¿Æ-bn-°m-s\m-°p-am-bn-cp∂p. aX-a-WvU-e-Øns‚ G‰hpw tase InS-
°p∂ BNmc {]h-W-amb (dnNz-enkw) thZn-bm-WnXv.
AXns‚ Nph-sS-bmWv aX-Øns‚ CXn-lm-k-Xew AYhm Imev]-
\n-I-Xew ( ) \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv. aX-km-c-apƒs°m-≈p∂ IY-Ifpw
CXn-lm-k-ßfpw ]pcm-W-ßfp-am-W-hnsS. Hmtcm aX-hn-`m-K-Øn\pw hyXy-
kvX-amb IYm-X-e-ß-fp≠v. B kmlnXy krjvSn-Iƒ t\m°n Ah
GtXXv aX-hn-`m-K-ßsf {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p∂p F∂v ]d-bm≥ {]bm-k-
an√.
aX-aW
G‰-hp-a-Sn-bn¬°nS-°p∂ aX-Xew Z¿i-\-ß-fp-tS-XmWv. Hc¿Y-Øn¬
- vUe- Ø- ns‚ Ah-ew-_i - n-eb
- m-WXv. hnNm-c]
- c
- a
- mb Bkzm-Z\
Ign-hp-≈-htc B thZn-bn-te-°n-d-ßm-dp≈q. aX-Øns‚ hy‡nkØ- L-
\-km-{µ-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xhn-sS-bmWv. aXw hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xpw
- Ø
- n\v
aXw hn`m-h-\w-sN-øp∂ k\m-X-\-amb D◊sb hni-I-e\w sNøp-∂Xpw
Z¿i-\-Øns‚ (^ntem-k^n) B thZn-bn-emWv.
Cu aq∂v thZn-I-fn¬ aXw F¥v F∂v hy‡-am-°p-∂Xv Z¿i-\-
Øns‚ `qan-I-bmWv. a‰v c≠p thZn-Ifpw aX-hn-izm-ksØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-
Øm\pw BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fn-eqsS {]tbm-K-h¬°-cn-°m\pw klm-bn-
°p∂p. aX-kmcw a\- n-em-°m≥, aXsØ Bg-Øn¬ kzmwio-I-cn-°m≥
Z¿i-\-]-YsØ kao-]n-°pIXs∂ thWw. Z¿i\]Yw {i≤n-°p-tºmƒ
kI-e -a-X-ß-fp-sSbpw "Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-amb kam-\X' \sΩ hnkva-bn-
∏n°pw. Zm¿i-\nI hni-I-e-\-Ønte "]e-a-X-km-c-hp-ta-Iamw' F∂ k\m-
X\ kXyw \Ωn¬ km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp≈q.
\ap°v \tΩmSpw {]Ir-Xn-tbmSpw ssZh-tØm-Sp-ap≈ Ahn-—n-∂-amb
_‘w t_m≤y-s∏-SpØn XZ-\p-kmcw Pohn-XsØ Nn´-s∏-SpØn Bkq-
{Xn-Xhpw Xmf-e-b-_-≤-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS B\-µhpw im¥nbpw
km£m¬°-cn®v ssZh-k-∂n[n {]m]n-°p-hm≥ Ignbpw F∂mWv Ckvemw
aXw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂Xv. Aßs\ ssZh-k-a£w ka-kvXhpw ka¿∏n®v
hnip≤ hrØn-I-fm-N-cn-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bmWv apkvenw. Hc¿∞Øn¬
Ckvem-ans‚ kmaq-ly-kw-kvIr-Xn-bpsS Ah-ew-_-in-ebpw AXp-X-s∂-
bmWv 3:19
Ahy-‡hpw Zp¿{K-lhpw k¶o¿Æ-hp-amb Bib inev]-ß-sfm∂pw
Ckvem-an-en√. Hcp ssZhhpw ssZhw krjvSn® kaq-lhpw. kaq-l-Øn¬
X´p-If- n√. [\n-IZ- c
- n{Z t`Zßsf ]cn-KW - n-°p-∂n√. kh¿Wm-h¿W hyXym-
k-an√. kv{Xo ]pcpj hn`m-Ko-b-X°pw Ahn-sS-bn-S-an√. `mjm-tZi sshPm-
Xy-߃ Hcp {]iv\-a√. Ime-t`-Z-߃ t]mepw -B- hn-iz-am-\-hnI kwkvIr-
Xn-bn¬ Hcp hnj-b-a√. Ad-_nbpw A\-d-_nbpw Hcp-t]mse kXy-th-Z-
Øns‚ hn[n hne-°p-Iƒ A\p-k-cn-°p∂p. hnip-≤-amb Htc Bi-bm-Z¿i-
ß-fm¬ Bth-in-X-cmbn Xß-fpsS kzc Ne-\-ß-sf√mw kkq£vaw
96 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
{i≤n®v hne-bn-cpØn XZ-\p-kmcw X߃°v ]c-tem-IØv {]Xn-^ew
\¬Im≥ ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mb Hcp ssZh-an-cn-∏p≠v F∂ AN-©-e-amb
hnizm-k-tØmsS kpL-Sn-X-amb IpSpw-_-˛k-aql˛cmjv{S Pohn-X-Øn-sem-
Xpßn \oßp∂ apkvenw P\-]Zw A¥:ip≤n-bnepw _mly-i-‡n-bnepw
Hcp DØa kap-Zm-b-ambn cq]-s∏-Sp∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Jp¿-B≥ ""P\-
߃°p-th≠n Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂-ev]n-°s - ∏´ DØ-ak- a
- p-Zmbw'' F∂v apkvenw-
k-aq-lsØ hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv. B shfn-]mSv Bh-Xo¿Æ-amb hnti-jW
kµ¿`w Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amWv.
Ad-^m-Ip-∂n≥apI-fn¬ {]hm-N-I≥. e£-°-W-°n\v apkvenw-Iƒ
ap∂n¬. Ahsc A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp sIm≠v {]hm-N-I≥ hnIm-c-`-
cn-X-\mbn kwkm-cn®p:
""P\-ßtf! A√mlp F∂n-e¿∏n® DØ-c-hm-ZnØw Rm≥ ]q¿Æ-
ambpw \n¿h-ln-®n-´pt≠m? \n߃ km£yw hln-°ptam?'' F∂v aq∂v
{]mhiyw tNmZn®p. P\-e-£-߃ Htc kzc-Øn¬ {]Xn-h-Nn®p:
""AsX, AsX Ahn-S∂p ]q¿Æ-ambpw \n¿h-ln-®n-cn-°p∂p.''
{]hm-N-I≥ kwXr-]vX-\mbn. DtZzKw \oßn. At±lw Ccp-ssI-
Ifpw BIm-i-Øn-te-°p-b¿Øn-s°m≠v Cßs\ {]m¿Yn®p:
""A√m-lpth, \o km£yw hln-t°-Wta! \o km£yw hln-t°-
Wta, km£yw hln-t°-Wta!''
{]hm-N-I≥ A\p-bm-bn-Isf t\m°n Cßs\ ]d™p: ""Adn-bpI,
Cu ktµiw e`n-®-h≥ e`n-°m-Ø-h\v AsX-Øn-°s´:''
kajvSn Fs¥-∂-dn-bpI. {kjvSm-hns‚ ]c-tam-∂-X-ln-Xhpw a\- n-
em-°pI. Ahbv°v ap∂n¬ Xs‚ _p≤n-]-c-am-b -ln-XmlnX-߃ H∂p-a-
s√-∂p-d∏p hcp-ØpI. AJn-em-WvUt- ImSn {_“m-WvUI - S- m-lsØ krjvSn-
®-cp-fp∂ ssZh-Øns‚ A\¥ hnim-e-amb Xm¬]-cy-߃°p ap∂n¬
"Xm≥ tIhew \n m-c≥,' F∂ Ah-t_m[w ZrV cqV-am-°pI. ssZh-
Øns‚ alm-`m-h-Øn\p ap∂n¬ kzbw ka¿∏n-®p-sIm≠v ssZh-am¿§-
Øn¬\n∂pw ISp-InS hyXn-N-en-°msX apt∂m´p \oßpI.
Abw \nP ]tcm thZn
KW\m eLp- tN-Xkm
DZmc Ncn-Xm\mw Xp
hkp-ss[h IpSpw-_Iw
Ft‚Xv \nt‚Xv F∂ [mcWm sshIr-XsØ hn]m-S\w sNbvXp
sIm≠v hniz-Ip-Spw-_-Ønse Hcp t\¿Ø IW-ambn kzbw t_m≤y-s∏´v
apt∂m´v \oßpI. Ime-∏m-®-en¬ IY-sb-¥-c-tß-dn-bmepw hnNm-c-hn-izm-
k-ßsf ]nSn-®p-ebv°pamdp≈ kmaq-lnI kw{Xm-k-ß-fp-≠m-bmepw GI
ssZh-Ønepw a\pjy ka-jvSn-bn-ep-ap≈ hnizm-k-Øn\v Xcnºpw `wK-
ta¬°n-s√∂ AN-©e t_m≤yw Hcp apk¬ams‚ BflhocysØ
{]tLm-jWw sNøp∂p. PohnXsØ ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn-te-°p≈ Xo¿Y-{]-
bm-W-am-bn-°-cp-Xm\pw ssZh-am¿§-Øn¬ s]mcpXn apt∂-dm\pw AhnsS
Bflm-lp-Xn-bm-h-iy-am-sW-¶n¬ AXv kpIrssXIe`y-amb alm-`m-Ky-am-
sW∂v I≠v \n¿hr-Xn-b-Wn-bm\pw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bm-h-iy-s∏-Sp∂p.
Hcm-Z¿i-k-aqlw 97
aX-ß-sf√mw A\p-bmbnhrµ-Øns‚ PohnX thZnsb [¿Ωm-\p-
kmcw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. AXn-∂I - s
- Øm-Xpßn Cuiz-tcm-]m-k\ - t- ]mse
Pohn-°pI F∂-XmWv Hmtcm aX-Øn-s‚bpw A\p-im-k\w. Ckvemw
kwkvIrXn hn`m-h\sNøp∂ PohnXNcy efn-Xhpw Ah-{Ihpw Xo¿Øpw
{]tbm-K-£-a-hp-amWv. hnizm-ksØ hcn-jvS-amb A\p-jvTm-\-am-°nb Hcp
hnip≤ P\-]Zw˛ AXmWv Ckvemw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv.
""DØa hnj-b-ß-fn-te°v (a\p-jysc) £Wn-°p-Ibpw \√ Imcy-ß-
fp-]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw \njn≤ Imcy-߃ XS-bp-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp kap-
Zmbw \nß-fn¬ P∑-sa-Sp-°s´-˛Ah-cs{X PohnX hnPbw {]m]n-®-h¿''
hn.Jp. 3:104.
Cuiz-tcm-∑p-J-amb Hcp D]m-k-\-bpsS Dt]m-ev]-∂-am-WXv. AXn-
hnsS km[n-®mte Pohn-X-Øns‚ c≠mw `mK-ambn Io¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂ ]c-
tem-I-Po-hn-X-Øn\v Hcp-h≥ {]m]vX-\m-Ip-∂p≈q. Pohn-X-Øns‚ BXy-
¥nI e£yw ]qh-Wn-bp-∂Xv Ahn-sS-sh-®mWv. B alm-bm-{X-bv°p≈
kpK-a-amb hgn-Ømc sh´n-sbm-cp-°p-I-bmWv Cl-temI PohnXwsIm≠v
km[n-°p-∂Xv. PohnX hnPbw km[n-®h - c - m-bn-Øo-cW
- s- a-¶n¬, \nb-{¥Ww
hn´- Ip-Xn-c-sb-t∏mse Fsß-∂n-√msX ]m™p Xna¿°p∂ IpØ-gn™
Pohn-X-Øns‚ DS-a-I-fmb a\p-jy¿ Iptd-tbsd \nb-{¥-W-߃°v hnt[-
b-cm-th-≠n-hcpw. \nb-{¥n-X-amb PohnX {]IrXw Pohn-X-hn-P-b-Øn-te-
°p≈ bm{X-bn¬ hen-sbm-cp-\p-{K-l-amWv.
sslµh hnizm-k-a-\p-cn®v PohnX ]q¿Æ-X°v ]pcp-jm¿Y-ß-fpsS
\n¿hmWw {]tLm-jn-°-s∏´n-´p≠v. kq£vahpw hnime-hp-amb A¿Y-X-e-
ß-f-Xn-\p-s≠-¶nepw kmam\y P\sØ kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw Xmc-X-
tay\ Zp¿{K-l-am-WXv.
Ckvemw kwkvIrXn PohnXhnP-bØ - n\v BZ¿i-]c - a
- mb Hcp amXrIm
ku[w \n¿an®p ImWn-°p-∂p≠v. AXv ]©-ÿq-]-ß-fn-e[n-jvTn-X-amWv.
Hcp kXy-hn-iz-mknsb hm¿sØ-Sp-°p-Ib - mWv hn`m-hnX e£yw˛hnizmkw,
\a-kvImcw, {hXm-\p-jvTm\w, k°mØv, l÷v. CltemI Pohn-X-Øns‚
hnP-b-kv]q¿Øn AXn-eqsS km¿Y-Iamw hn[w km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-
Sp∂p. hnip-≤-amb, A®-S°]q¿Æ-amb Hcp PohnX {]IrXw AXv kΩm-
\n-°p∂˛Cuiz-tcm-∑p-J-ambn, Btflm-∂-Xn°pw ]tcm¬°¿j-Øn\pw
th≠n ]cn-{i-an-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS Hcp Xe-apd!
""tJZn-®p-a-S-ßp-∂-h¿, A√m-lp-hn\v ]q¿Æ-ambn Iogvs∏´v Pohn-°p-
∂-h¿, `qan-bn¬ k©-cn-°p-∂-h¿, ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Xe-Ip-\n-°p-∂-h¿,
kmjvSmKw {]W-an-°p-∂-h¿, \√-Im-cy-߃ Iev]n-°p-Ibpw \njn-≤-Im-cy-
߃ hntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿, A√m-lp-hns‚ \nb-a-]-cn-[n-Isf
kq£n-°p-∂h - ¿, Cu kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf kt¥m-jh - m¿Ø Adn-bn-°pI''
9:112
Hcp kq‡w IqSn kam-\-amb {i≤-b¿ln-°p∂p.
ImewXs∂ kXyw. a\p-jy≥ \jvS-Øn¬Xs∂-bm-Ip∂p. kXy-
Øn¬ hniz-kn-°p-Ib - pw k¬°¿Ω-ßf - \- p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw kXyw ssIs°m-
≈m≥ ]c-kv]cw D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw £a Ah-ew-_n-°m≥ At\ym-\y-a-
98 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
`y¿Yn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-scm-gnsI'' ˛103: 1˛3
ZrV-cq-V-amb hnizm-khpw A\p-I-c-Wo-b-amb I¿acoXn-Ifpw
]pe¿Øp∂ Hcp kaq-lsØ kwhn-[m\w sNøpI. {]hm-N-Is‚ Im¬
\tJµp aco-Nn-I-sf-b-\p-k‘m\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v Ckvem-an\v km£yw
hln-°pI-˛amXrIm PohnXw \n¿h-ln® Xß-sf-√m-h-scbpwt]mse
X߃°v tijw Cu I¿Øhyw A\p-kyqXw XpS-cp-hm≥ t]mcp∂
as‰mcp kwLsØ hm¿sØ-Sp-°pI˛Aßs\ Cu {]{Inb Ah-km\w
hsc A`wKw XpS-cp-am-dm-IpI F∂-XmWv Ckvem-anI {]t_m-[-\-Øns‚
\ne-\n-ev]n\v A√mlp \n›-bn® am¿§w.
19
a\- n¬ apg-ßp∂ i–w
] e-cp-sSbpw \m°p-I-fn¬ {]Xn-tj-[-kz-c-amWv. ]t£ a\- ns‚ Bg-ß-
fn¬ Ah¿ {]hm-N-Is‚ {]Im-i-a-Wn™ kvarXn-_nw-_-߃ kq£n-
°p∂p. {]hm-N-I≥ \S-∂p-\o-ßp-∂Xv Hfn-™p-\n∂v t\m°m\pw At±-l-
Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ a‰m-cp-a-dn-bmsX tIƒ°m\pw Ah¿ sImXn-°p∂p.
X߃ {]Xn-tj-[n-°p-tºmgpw iIm-c-h¿jw sNmcn-bp-tºmgpw At£m-`y-
\mbn, Np≠n¬ aµ-lm-k-hp-ambn \nev°p∂ apl-ΩZv Ah¿s°m-c-Xn-i-b-
amWv. Xß-fpsS hnizm-k-{]-am-W-߃ {hW-s∏-Sp-∂-Xnepw Bcm-[n-®p-t]m-
cp∂ _lp-ssZ-h-ß-fpsS AkvXnXzw \jvS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xnepw AS-ßmØ
Aa¿jw Ah¿°p-s≠-¶nepw Ah-cn¬ ]ecpw apl-Ω-Zns‚ Xnf-ßp∂
hy‡nXzw a\- p-sIm-≠w-Ko-I-cn-®-h-cm-bn-cp∂p. apl-Ω-Zns‚ kzIm-cy-Po-
hn-Xw-t]mepw IÆm-Sn-t]mse Xnf-°-am¿∂-Xm-sW∂pw Ah¿°-dnbmw.
apl-Ω-Zn-s\-Xnsc hmbvØmcn sNm√p∂ Jpssdin {]am-Wn-am-cn-sem-
cm-fmWv A_q-kp-^-vbm≥. kXy-hnizm-kn-I-fpsS ap∂n¬ apl-ΩZv \S-Øm-
Hcm-Z¿i-k-aqlw 99
dp≈ {]`m-j-W-߃ t\cn-sem∂p tIƒ°m≥ At±-l-Øn-s\mcp sImXn.
a‰m-cp-a-dn-bp-I-bp-a-cpXv. Adn-™m¬ Xs‚ t]cn\pw s]cp-abv°pw AXv
aß-te-ev]n°pw.
Hcp cm{Xn A_q-kp-^vbm≥ cl-ky-ambn ho´n¬ \n∂n-dßn. Ccp-
fns‚ ad-]‰n At±lw \S∂p. apl-Ω-Zns‚ hk-Xn°v kao-]-saØn. Ahn-
sS-sbm-cn-SØv Hfn-®n-cp∂p. Ahn-sS-bn-cp-∂m¬ apl-Ω-Zns‚ ho´nse kw`m-
j-W-ß-sf√mw \∂mbn tIƒ°mw. Aßs\ Btcm-cp-a-dn-bmsX Xs‚
B{Klw km[n®p aSßmw.
AtX cm{XnXs∂ AtX taml-tØmsS Jpssdin {]am-Wn-am-cmb
A_q-P-lvepw AJv\kpw apl-Ω-Zns‚ hk-Xn-°-SpØv h∂n-cn-∏p-≠m-bn-
cp∂p. A]-cs‚ km∂n-≤y-a-dn-bm-sX-bmWv Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw h∂n-cn-°p-∂Xv.
\ni-bpsS \nXm¥ \n»-–-X-bn¬ apl-Ω-Zns‚ i–w Ah¿ sXfn-
™p-tI´p. Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-ß-fpsS Znhym-em-]-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. A\p-
hm-N-I-cpsS lrZ-b-X-{¥n-I-fn¬ A\p-c-W-\-ap-≠m-°n-s°m≠v Bem-]\w
XpS¿∂p. a\x-t¢-i-ß-f-I‰n, Bizm-k-Øns‚ Ipfncv s]øm≥ t]mcp∂
hiy-amb Hc-eu-InI i‡n AXn-∂p-≈-Xm-bn-tØm∂n.
F{X-t\cw Ahn-sS-bn-cp∂p Fs∂m-∂p-tam¿°m≥ Ah¿°v Ign-
™n√. Ccp-≠-bm-a-߃ {]`m-XsØ Xtem-Sn-Øp-Sßn. apl-ΩZv Bem-]-
\-a-h-km-\n-∏n®p. ÿe-Im-e-t_m[w h∂-Xp-t]mse Jpssdin {]am-Wn-
am¿ sR´n-bp-W¿∂p. CSw-hew t\m°n `{ZX t_m≤y-s∏-´-t∏mƒ ]Xps°
\S-∂p-\oßn.
hgn-bn¬ aq∂p-t]cpw ]c-kv]cw I≠p-ap´n. B¿°pw "I≈-°fn' Hfn-
®p-sh-°m≥ tXm∂n-bn√. aq∂p-t]cpw At\ym\yw KpW-tZm-jn-°p-Ibpw
]gn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Jpssd-in-Iƒ CX-dn-™m-ep≈ Ipd-®n¬ Ah¿
`bm-i-¶-I-tfmsS A\p-kva-cn®p. Hcn-°epw CXm-h¿Øn-®p-Iq-sS∂ ZrV-\n-
›-b-tØmsS Ah¿ ]ncn™p.
ASpØ Znhkw AtX ka-b-am-b-t∏mƒ a\- n-s\mcp hnjaw. ]nSn-
®p-\n¿Øm-\m-hmØ hn[-Øn¬ AsXmcp i‡n-bmb t{]c-W-bm-bn-amdn.
A_q-kp-^vbm≥ Cd-ßn-\S- ∂p. A_q-Pl - vepw AJv\kpw C∂se sNbvX-
sX‰v Hcn-°-ep-am-h¿Øn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Ahsc \∂m-b-dn-bm-hp∂ A_q-kp-
^vbm≥ IcpXn. AXn-\m¬ C∂n\n t]Sn-t°-≠-Xn√. a‰m-sc-¶nepw I≠p-
t]m-Im-Xn-cn-°m≥ Pm{K-X] - m-en-®p-sIm≠v A_q-kp-^vbm≥ \S∂p. At±lw
Xte-Zn-h-ksØ `{Z-amb tI{µ-Øn¬Xs∂ sN∂v Ccpƒ]-‰n-bn-cp∂p.
apl-ΩZv ]Xn-hp-t]mse ]mcm-b-W-am-cw-`n®p. {]t_m-[-\-ß-fpsS
kzc-kv^p-S-X-bm-kz-Zn-°m≥h∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ {]hm-N-I∂v ap∂n¬
Iq´-am-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv P\¬∏m-fn-bn-eqsS A_q-kp-^vbm≥ I≠p. kvt\l-
hn-izm-k-ß-fm¬ At\ym\yw _‘n-°-s∏´ Iptd lrZ-b-߃! Ah-cpsS
Pohn-X-߃ ]pXn-b-am-\-ßfpw A¿Y-X-e-ßfpw tXSn-t∏m-Ip-∂-Xp-t]mse
tXm∂n. \n¿hr-Xn-I-c-amb kpJm-kzm-Z-\-Øns‚ A\-h-Zy-\n-an-j-߃!
apl-ΩZv hmb-\-b-h-km-\n-∏n®p. At∏m-gmWv {]`mXw s]m´n hncn™
IY-b-dn-™Xv. A_q-k-p^vbm≥ [rXn-bn-se-gp-t∂‰v \S∂p.
hnkva-b-I-c-sa-∂p-]-d-bs´, Ccp-h-gn-I-fn-eqsS s]cp-h-gn-bn-te°v
100 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
]m¿Øpw ]Xp-ßnbpw I≈-∏p-≈n-I-sf-t∏mse A_q-P-lvepw AJv\kpw
\S-∂p-h-cp∂p. ]c-kv]cw I≠-t∏mƒ aq∂p-t]cpw A‘m-fn-®p-t]mbn.
XpS¿∂v Ip‰-k-Ω-X-ß-fpsS _≤-∏m-Sm-bn-cp∂p. A_q-kp-^vbm≥ ]d™p:
""C\n-sbm-cn-°epw Cu sX‰v Bh¿Øn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v Dd-∏n-®-Xm-bn-
cp∂p Rm≥. F∂m¬, cm{Xn Ccp-fp-d-bm≥ XpS-ßp-tºm-tg°pw Fs‚
Imep-Iƒ Fs‚ \nb-{¥-W-Øn-e-√m-Xm-hp-∂-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n. Rm\-dn-
bmsX Cdßn \S-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p; Hcm-I¿j-Wi- ‡
- n-°S- n-s∏-´X
- p-t]mse.
Rm\p-d-∏n-®p-]-d-bp∂p C\n Hcn-°epw CXm-h¿Øn-°p-I-bn√.''
A_q-P-lv-en\pw AJv\-kn\pw as‰m-∂√ ]d-bm-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv. ]c-
a-c-l-ky-ambn C°m-cy-a-h-ti-jn-°s´ F∂v ]d™v aq∆cpw aq∂p-h-gn°v
]ncn™p.
cm{Xn-bmbn. Hcp Xc-Øn-ep-ap-ff {]tem-`-\-߃°pw ASn-s∏-SmsX
kzbw \nb-{¥n-°m-\p≈ t_m[-]q¿h-amb {ia-ap-≠m-bn´pw A∂pw AXm-
h¿Øn-°-s∏´p. apl-Ω-Zns‚ ap∂n¬ Xß-fpsS Zu¿∫eyw Ah¿°v
\∂mbn t_m≤y-s∏´p. apl-Ω-Zns‚ hy‡nXzw Ak-Zr-i-am-sW∂pw
]tcm-£-am-bn-t∏mepw B hy‡nXzw sNep-Øp∂ kzm[o\w Ata-b-am-
sW∂pw Ah¿ kΩ-Xn®p. kΩ-Xn-°m\pw AwKo-I-cn-°m\pw Ah¿ Xøm-
d-s√-¶nepw Ah-cpsS a\- ns‚ Bg-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw i‡-ambn apg-ßp∂
i_vZw apl-Ω-Zn-t‚-Xm-bn-amdn.
Jpssdin {]ap-J-\mb heo-Zp-_v\p¬ apKod Ckvem-ans‚ _≤-i-{Xp-
hm-bn-cp∂p. tcmjw ]X-bp∂ B a\- n¬t∏mepw Jp¿-B≥ hnkvabw hnf-
bn®p. {]hm-N-Is‚ kzchpw thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øns‚ amkva-cn-I-i-‡nbpw ]e-
Ipdn At±-l-Øns‚ ]cm-a¿i-Øn\pw {]iw-kbv°pw hnt[-b-am-bn-´p≠v.
Hcn-°-e-t±lw khn-kvabw Cßs\ ]d™p:
""A√m-lp-hm-W-kXyw Ahs‚ hN-\-߃°v hnkva-bm-h-l-amb Hcp
am[p-cy-ap≠v; Hcp khn-tij kuµ-cy-ap≠v. AXns‚ Xcp-°ƒ Xg-®p-h-f-
cp-∂-hbpw imJ-Iƒ ^e-k-ar-≤-ß-fp-amWv. Xo¿®-bmbpw AXv k¿h -h-
N-\-ß-sf-°mfpw kap-∂-X-amWv.''
IA-v_-bpsS `nØn-I-fn¬ DXvIrjvS Imhy-i-I-e-ß-sf-gp-Xn-Xq-°n-
bn-Sm-dp-≠s{X. Atd-_y-bnse klr-Z-bsc lcw-sIm-≈n-°m-dp≈ "k]vX-
I-hn-I-fpsS Imhy-i-I-e-߃' A°q-´-Øn¬ s]Spw. Ah hmbn-®m-kz-Zn-
°m≥ Ahn-SsØ kµ¿i-I¿ Bthiw ImWn-°m-dp≠v. F∂m¬ tZhm-
e-b-Øns‚ kao-]-Øn-cp-∂p-sIm≠v \nc-£-c-\mb apl-ΩZv Be-]n-°m-
dp≈ Jp¿-B-\nI kq‡-ß-fpsS ap∂n¬ Ah-sb√mw A\m-I¿j-I-ß-fm-
bn-Øo¿∂p. HmP- n-b∂, Bi-b-hm-ln-I-fmb Jp¿-B-\nI hN- p-I-fmWv
apl-Ω-Zn-te°v ]c-»-X-ßsf BI¿jn-®Xv. Hc¿Y-Øn¬ apl-Ω-Zns‚
{]hm-N-I-Xz-Øns‚ {]Y-a-Zr-„m¥wXs∂ hnip≤ Jp¿-Bs‚ k¿hm-Xn-
im-bn-Xz-amWv. _p≤n-Po-hn-I-sfbpw ]fin-X-∑m-scbpw Ckvem-an-te-°m-
I¿jn-®Xv k¿thm-]cn Jp¿-B≥ Bbn-cp∂p.
Hcn-°¬ Da¿ Cßs\ ]d™p:
""Rm≥ Ckvem-ans‚ _≤-ssh-cn-bm-bn-cp∂p. Pmln-en-øm-Im-eØv
aZyw F\n°v ]∞y-am-bn-cp∂p. ]e-t∏mgpw Rm≥ atZm-∑-Ø-\mbn \S-∂n-
a\ n¬ apg-ßp∂ i_vZw 101
´p≠v. Jpssd-in-I-fn¬ ]e {]ap-Jcpw Hcp-an-®p-Iq-Sp∂ Hcp kZ- p-≠m-bn-
cp∂p R߃°v. Aßs\ Hcp cm{Xn Rms\s‚ Iq´p-Im-sc-b-t\z-jn®v
Atßm´v ]pd-s∏´p. ]t£, Bscbpw I≠n√. F∂m¬ Aev]w aZyw
tkhn-°W - s - a∂v hnNm-cn®v aZy-jm-∏p-Im-cs\ Xnc-™p-\S- ∂p. Abmsfbpw
I≠p-In-´n-bn√. Ipd®v "Xhm^v' sNøm-sa∂v hnNm-cn®v IA-v_-bpsS ASp-
tØ°v \S∂p. At∏mƒ dkq¬ Ahn-sS-\n∂v \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂-Xp-I≠p.
Rm≥ IcpXn "apl-ΩZv F¥mWv ssZh-tØmSp ]d-bp-∂-sX∂v cl-ky-
ambn tIƒ°m≥ ]‰nb kµ¿`-an-Xm-sW'∂v. Aßs\ Rm≥ "lnPdn' s‚
`mK-ØqsS sN∂v I-A-v_-bpsS "Jn√' bpsS ad-hn¬ Hfn-™p-\n∂p. Xncp-
ta\n Jp¿-B≥ HmXn-s°m≠v \a-kvI-cn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Jp¿-B≥ {ihn-
®-t∏mƒ Fs‚ lrZbw Dcp-In-sbm-gp-Ipw-t]mse tXm∂n. Rm≥ hnXp-ºn-
°-c™p. Xncp-ta-\n-bpsS ap∂n¬sN-∂p-\n∂p. Xncp-ta\n A√m-lp-hns\
kvXpXn-°p-Ibpw F\n°v th≠n {]m¿Yn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.''
Im´-d-_n-bmbn hnfn-°-s∏´ Da-dns‚ {Iqchpw Icm-f-k-Zr-i-hp-amb
lrZ-b-sØ-t∏mepw Zbm¿{Z-am-°m≥ Ign™ Jp¿-Bs‚ hiy-iIvXn Ata-
b-amWv.
Jpssdin {]ap-J-\mb Hcp henb ]fin-X-\m-bn-cp∂p heo-Zp-_v\p¬
apKod. Hcn-°-e-t±lw \_nsb kao-]n®p. \_n Jp¿-B-\nse Nne kq‡-
߃ At±-lsØ sNm√n-t°ƒ∏n®p. AXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ At±lw hnkva-
bm-[o-\-\mbn. B hm°p-Iƒ At±-l-Øns‚ a\- n¬ Ipfn-cp-s]-øp∂
A\p-`-h-ap-≠m°n. Nne hm°p-Iƒ a\- n¬ apg-°-ambn {]Xn-I-cn®p. Nne
hm°p-Iƒ a[p-c-ambn {]k-cn®p. kvt^mS-I-kz-`m-h-ap≈ hm°p-I-fpap≠m-
bn-cp∂p. h√m-sØmcp ab-°-Øn\v hnt[-b-\m-b-Xp-t]mse, bm{X-]-d-
bm≥t]mepw Ign-bmsX At±lw Cd-ßn-\-S∂p. ho´n-seØn hn{i-an-°p-
I-bm-bn-cp∂p. At∂-chpw At±-l-Øns‚ a\- n¬ Jp¿B-\n-I-h-N- p-
Iƒ {]Xn-≤z-\n-°p-Ib - m-bn-cp∂p. heo-Zp-_v\p¬ apKod apl-ΩZ- ns\ ImWm≥
t]mbn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-dn™ A_q-P-lv¬ D¬I-WvT-tbmSpw DtZz-K-tØm-Spw-
IqSn heo-Zn-s\-tØSn ho´n-seØn. A_q-P-lv¬ ]d™p:
""_lp-am-\y-\mb ]nXr-k-tlm-Zcm, Xm¶ƒ apl-Ω-Zns\ ImWm≥
t]msb-∂-dn™p. C\n-sbm∂v kaq-l-k-a£w Xm¶-fpsS A`n-{]m-b-a-dn-bn-
°Ww. Ahs‚ I]-S-\mSyw Xpd∂pImWn-°Ww. Ahs‚ hm°p-Iƒ ]Xn-
cm-sW∂pw I≈-am-sW∂pw Xm¶-sfm∂v P\-k-a£w hnfn-®p-]-d-bWw.
h©n-X-cm-hm-Xn-cn-°m≥ AXv Ahsc klm-bn°pw.''
heoZv ]Xp-s°-∏-d™p:
""Ad_n kmlnXyw kº-∂-amWv. AXns‚ ka-kvX- in-J-c-ß-sf-°p-
dn®pw Rm≥ kmam-\y-ambn a\- n-em-°n-bn-´p≠v. Ah-bpsS i‡nbpw
Zu¿∫-eyhpw Rm\-dn-bp∂p. F∂m¬ ssZh-\m-a-Øn¬ Rm≥ kXyw-sN-
øp∂p, Cu a\p-jys‚ hm°p-Iƒ°v Ah-sb-°m-sfms° i‡nbpw HmP-
 p-ap≠v. h√m-sØmcp hio-I-c-W-i‡n. A\-h-Zy-amb kuµcyw˛B
hm°p-Iƒ a\- n¬ apg-°hpw s]m´n-sØ-dn-bp-ap-≠m-°p∂p. Rm≥ Ct∂mfw
tI´ hm°p-I-sf-°m-sf√mw Ah D¬Ir-jvS-ß-fmWv, A\-h-Zy-amWv, Ak-
Zr-ia
- mWv.''
102 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Da-dn-s\-t∏mse Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-߃ tI´v a\x-]-cn-h¿Ø\w h∂
Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p Xpss^-ep_v\p Awdv. At±lw A°m-esØ Adn-b-s∏´
Hcp alm-I-hn-bp-am-bn-cp∂p. apl-Ω-Zn-s\-°p-dn®v Jpssd-in-Iƒ `¿’\w
sNmcn-™p-t]m-∂- Im-ea - m-bn-cp∂p AXv. apl-ΩZ- ns\ t\cn-sem∂v ImWm\pw
At±-lØ - ns‚ \qX-\Z- ¿i\w kw_-‘n®v hni-Ie - \w sNøm\pw Xpss^≥
B{K-ln®p. CX-dn™ Jpssd-in-Iƒ At±-lsØ \ncp-’m-l-s∏-Sp-Øm≥
{ian®p. {iaw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´-t∏mƒ apl-Ω-Zns\ ImW-cp-sX∂v `oj-Wn-bp-
b¿Øn. apl-Ω-Zp-ambn kwkm-cn-°m-\n-S-h-∂m¬, \h-Z¿i-\-hp-ambn ]cn-N-
b-s∏-Sm-\-h-kcw e`n-®m¬ Xpss^-ep_v\p Awdv apl-Ω-Zn-s‚bpw kXy-
th-Z-Øn-s‚bpw amkva-cn-I-i-‡n°v Iogvs∏-´p-t]m-Ip-sa∂v Jpssd-in-Iƒ
`b∂p. HSp°w Jpssd-in-I-fpsS `oj-Wn°v hg-ßnb Xpss^-ep_v\p
Awdv sNhn-bn¬ ]™n-Xn-cp-In-s°m-≠mWv A∂v ]≈n-bn¬ t]mbXv. apl-
Ω-Zns‚ hm°p-Iƒ tIƒ°p-I-bn-s√∂v At±lw Jpssd-in-Iƒ°v Dd-∏p-
sIm-SpØp.
]≈n-bn-seØn apl-ΩZv ]≈n-bn¬ {]m¿Y\m \na-·-\mbn \nev°p-I-
bm-bn-cp∂p. Xpss^¬ \n»-_vZ-ambn apl-Ω-Zns‚ kao-]-Øp-sN∂p. apl-
ΩZv ]Xps° a{¥n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ hm°p-Iƒ Xpss^-ens‚ ImXn¬
]Xn™p. AXns‚ am[pcyw At±-lsØ Hcp ]p\¿hn-Nn-¥-\-Øn\v t{]cn-
∏n®p. sNhn-°p-≈n¬ Xncp-In-°-b-‰nb ]™n Xpss^¬ \o°w sNbvXXv
Xm\-dn-™p-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√.
dkq¬ ho´n-tebv°v Xncn-®-t∏mƒ Xpss^¬ At±-lsØ A\p-[m-
h\w sNbvXp. \S∂ kw`-h-߃ dkq-ens\ [cn-∏n®p. dkq¬ Nne Bb-
Øp-Iƒ HmXn-t°ƒ∏n®p. Xpss^-ens‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬ {]Imiw hgn™p.
At±lw Jp¿B\nI hN- p-Iƒ Dcp-hn-Sm≥ XpSßn. At±lw Ckvem-an-
\p-th≠n kzbw ka¿∏n® Hcp hnip-≤-a-\- mbn amdn.
DØv_Øp-_v\p d_oA Bbncw \m°p-I-fn¬ kwkm-cn-°m≥ Ign-
hp≈ Ip{]-kn-≤-\mb Hcp Zp¿a-{¥-hm-Zn-bm-bn-cp∂p. B`n-Nm-cw-t]m-ep≈
Zpcm-Nm-c-ß-fmWv DØv_Øns‚ Ipe-hrØn. kmXzn-I-a-\- p-Iƒ
DØv_Øns\ I≠m¬ hgn-amdpw.
Hcp Znhkw At±lw apl-ΩZv \_nsb I≠p. ]cn-lmkw Ie¿∂
kzc-Øn¬ Cßs\ tNmZn®p:
""apl-ΩtZ \obmtWm {]K-¤≥
AtXm A_vZp-√tbm?''
apl-ΩZv an≠n-bn√. DØv_Øv tNmZyw Ipd-®p-IqSn Dds°
Bh¿Øn®p. apl-ΩZv \n»-–X ]men-®p-X-s∂-\n∂p.
DØv_Øv: ""Ah-sc√mw \ns∂-°mƒ DØ-a-∑mcpw {]K-¤-cp-am-
sW∂v \n\-°-`n-{]m-b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ \obn-∂-[n-t£-]n-°p∂ Bcm-≤y-∑m-sc-
bmWv Ah-cm-Z-cn-®n-cp-∂Xv. \o Ah-sc-°mƒ \√-h-\m-sW∂v \n\-°-`n-{]m-
b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ \obXv ]dbq. AXv tIƒ°m≥ R߃°v Xm¬]-cy-ap≠v.
\ns∂-t∏mse kzk-ap-Zm-b-Øn\v t{Zmlw sNøp-∂-h-cmbn Bcp-an√. Rß-
fpsS sFIysØ inYn-e-am-°p-Ibpw aXsØ Ah-tl-fn-°p-Ibpw P\-
߃°n-S-bn¬ Rß-sf -]-cn-lm-ky-cm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p \o.
a\ n¬ apg-ßp∂ i_vZw 103
\ns‚ Cu sNbvXn-Iƒ°p ]n∂n¬ Fs¥-¶nepw kmº-Øn-I-e-£y-am-
Wp-≈-sX-¶n¬ \ns∂ R߃ Jpssd-in-I-fnse G‰hpw henb [\m-Vy-
\mbn hmgn°mw. Xcp-Wo-a-Wn-I-fn-emWv \n\-°-`n-tam-l-sa-¶n¬ \obm-{K-
ln-°p∂ ]Øv ee-\m-a-Wn-Isf \n\°v hnhm-lw-sNbvXp Xcmw.''
apl-ΩZv adp-]-Sn-sbm∂pw ]d-™n√. ]t£, au\w `RvPn®v Jp¿-B-
\nI kq‡-amb "kpd-Øp-^p- n-seØn's‚ BZy-`mKw ]Xp-s°-bm-e-
]n®p˛Hcm-fl-K-X-Øns‚ `mh-Xo-{h-X-tbmsS.
DØv_Øv hnkva-b-kvX-œ-\mbn. IqSp-X¬ tIƒ°m≥ Icp-Øn-√m-
Ø-h-s\-t∏mse apl-Ω-Zn-t\mSv Bem-]\w \n¿Øm-\m-h-iy-s∏´p. DØv_
Øv Xncn-™p-\-S∂p. t\tc Jpssd-in-°q-´-Øn-te-°mWv sN∂Xv. DØv_-
Øns‚ apJ-`m-hhpw s]cp-am-‰-co-Xn-Ifpw I≠v Ah¿ hnkva-bn®p. Ah¿
tkm¬°WvTw DØv_-Øn-t\mSv tNmZn®p:
""F¥p-]‰n?''
DØv_Øv ]Xps° adp-]Sn ]d-bm≥ XpSßn:
""Rm\n-t∏mƒ, Fs‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚ apsºm-cn-°epw tIƒ°mØ
Nne Imcy-߃ tI´p. AXp amc-W-hr-Øn-b√, B`n-Nm-c-{In-b-b√, Zp¿a-{¥-
hm-Z-hp-a√. Fs‚ Jpssd-in-Itf, Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂Xv tIƒ°pI˛ apl-Ω-
Zns\ At±-l-Øns‚ hgn°v hnt´°q. Rm≥ Iptd hm°p-Iƒ tI´p, Imew
I\-Iw-t]mse kq£n-°m≥ t]mIp∂ Nne hm°p-Iƒ. \msf B hm°p-
Iƒ \nß-fpsS a\- p-I-fnepw {]km-Z-ambn {]k-cn°pw, \mw {]N-cn-∏n-®p-
h-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse \pWbpw Ak-Xy-hp-a√ Ahs‚ hm°p-Iƒ. a{¥hpw adn-
am-bhpw IhnSn \nc-Øn-∏-d-®n-ep-a-√Xv. lrZ-b-lm-cn-bmb ]hn-{X-h-N- p-I-
fm-Wh. ad-°m-\m-hmØ aXn-\p≠v. Ah Fs‚ a\- ns\ Ct∏mgpw hncp-
∂q-´p∂p.''
DØv_Øv hmNm-e-\mbn. Jpssd-in-Iƒ Cßs\ {]Xn-h-Nn®p:
""Xm¶fpw B hmbm-Sn-bpsS hmKvPm-e-Øn¬ IpSp-ßn-t∏mbn, At√?''
A{X-bp-amWv Jp¿-B-\nI hN- p-I-fpsS hiyX!
A`-b{- ]m¿Y-\b- p-am-sb-Ønb kXy-th-Zh- n-izm-kn-Iƒ°v Bh-iy-amb
klm-bß - s
- f√mw \Pmin cmPmhv sNbvXp-sIm-SpØp. hnh-ca - d
- n™ Jpssd-
in-Iƒ Ahn-sS-sbØn apkvenw-Isf hn´p-sIm-Sp-°m-\m-h-iy-s∏´p. cmPmhv
apkvenw-Isf hnfn®v Ah-sc-°p-dn®v IqSp-X-e-t\z-jn®p. A_qXzm-en-_ns‚
]p{X-\mb Pm^¿ hni-Zo-I-cn®p. Jp¿-B-\nse Nne -kq-‡-߃
HmXnt°ƒ∏n-°m≥ cmPmhv Bh-iy-s∏´p. kqd-Øp¬ A≥I-_qØpw
kqd-Øp-dqapw HmXnt°ƒ∏n®p. ZØ-{i-≤-\mb \Pm-in-bpsS IÆp-Iƒ
\nd™p. \n¿ØmsX XpS¿∂pw HmXm-\m-hi - y-s∏´p. kqd-Øp¬ Ilv^vIqSn
HmXn-Øp-Sßn. cmPmhv Fgp-t∂‰v \n∂v BZ-c-kq-N-I-ambn D]-Nm-c-ß-
f¿∏n®p. AXv kXy-th-Z-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn-ep≈ lrZ-b-k-
a¿∏-W-Øns‚ XpS-°-am-bn-cp∂p.
Hcp kmb-¥\w. IAv_ tZhm-e-b-Øn\p ap∂n¬ ]c-»-X-߃ HØp-
Iq-Sn-bn-´p≠v. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw A√m-Ø-hcpw Iq´-Øn-ep≠v. IAvv_°v
kao]w {]hm-N-I-\n-cn-°p∂p. {]hm-N-I≥ Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-b-W-am-cw-`n®p.
i–-_-lp-e-amb B ]hn-{Xm-¥-co£w {ItaW im¥-ambn. kXy-th-Z-
10
104 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
tØmSv Xm¬]-cy-an-√m-Ø-h¿t]mepw i–-ap-b¿Øn A¥-co-£sØ Ae-
t¶m-e-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn√. km{µ-\n-»-–-X-bn¬ {]hm-N-Is‚ htNm-[mc sXfn-
s™m-gpIn. Bem-]-\-Øns‚ Ah-km\ L´-Øn¬ ""\nß-sf√mw A√m-
lp-hn\v kpPqZv sNøpI, C_m-ZØv sNøpI'' F∂v {]hm-N-I≥ A`y¿Yn-
®-t∏mƒ Hcp bm{¥n-I-hr-Øn-t]mse, hnizm-k-Øns‚ th¿Xn-cn-hn-√msX,
Ahn-sS- Iq-Sn-bn-cp-∂-h-sc√mw kpPq-Zn¬ ]s¶-SpØp, Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-ß-
fpsS h√mØ hiy-X-bv°-Sn-s∏-´-h-sc-t∏mse.
20
GIXzw D]m-kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p
kIe aX-ßfpw ssZhhnizm-k-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amWv. a\pjy a\- n¬
ssZh hnizm-k-Øns‚ ]nd-hn-sb-ßs\ F∂ tNmZy-Øn\v At\ym-\y-`n-∂-
ß-fmb ]e A`n-{]m-b-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-´p≠v. B{^n-°-bn-sebpw Ata-cn-°-
bn-sebpw BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS hnizmk {]]-©sØ hni-I-e\w sNbvXp-
sIm≠v ssZh hnizm-k-Øns‚ {]`hw `qXm-cm-[-\-bm-sW∂v Nne¿ kqNn-
∏n-®n-´p≠v.
A[r-jy-ß-fmb {]IrXn {]Xn-`m-k-ß-fpsS ap∂n¬ \n -lm-b-\mbn
\nevt°-≠n-h∂ a\p-jy≥ Bizm-k-Øn\v Is≠-Ønb Hc-Øm-Wn-bmWv
Zp¿`q-X-ß-fn-ep≈ hnizmkw. 1857˛¬ Iyma´v F∂ Nn¥-I-\-h-X-cn-∏n®
s^‰n-jnkw AØ-c-samcp [mc-W-bn-te-°mWv \sΩ \bn-°p-∂Xv. Zp¿`q-
X-ßsf Bcm-[n®v {]km-Zn-∏n-®m¬ \ΩpsS B{K-l-߃s°mØv Ahsb
{]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-sa∂v A∂sØ A]-cn-jvIrX P\-]-Z-߃ [cn-®p-
t]m∂p. Cu hnizm-k-Øns‚ cq]m-¥-c-amWv sl¿_´v kvs]≥k¿ Ah-
X-cn-∏n® t{]Xm-cm-[\m kn≤m¥w. ss\en-s‚bpw bq{]-´o-kv˛ ss‰{Kokv
\Zn-I-fp-sSbpw Xoc-ß-fn-e-[n-h-kn-®p-t]m∂ P\-ß-fn¬ \ne-\n∂p I≠
]pcm-X\ \mK-cn-I-Xsb kw_-‘n®v Kth-jWw \S-Ønb imkv{X-Im-
c≥am¿ Iptd-°qSn bp‡n-`-{Z-amb as‰mcp Is≠-Ø-emWv temI-Øn\v
a\ n¬ apg-ßp∂ i_vZw 105
11
ka¿∏n-®Xv. BIm-i-Ønepw `qan-bnepw \nc-¥-c-ambmh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂
hn{ipX hnkva-b-߃°p ap∂n¬ Ah¿ angn-®p-\n∂p. Ah-sb-√m-samcp
al-»-‡n-bpsS Ifn-hn-f-bm-´-am-sW∂v Ah¿ IcpXn. ]n∂o-S-h-Xo¿Æ-amb
"tPymXn¿t§mf {]IrXn ]pcmW kn≤m¥w' ( ) Iptd-°q-
Sn -bp‡nkl-am-sW∂v temI-Øn\v t_m≤y-s∏´p. Zm¿i-\nIcwKØv
AsXmcp hgn-Øn-cn-hm-bn-cp∂p. BIm-i-Ønepw `qan-bnepw \nc-¥-c-am-b-\p-
`-h-s∏-´p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ DØcw In´mØ {]tl-fn-Iƒ a\p-jy-a-\- n-ep-≠m-
°nb `b-hn-lz-e-X-I-fmWv ssZh hnizm-k-Øns‚ {]mKv cq]w. inYn-e-ß-
fmb \nc-h[n i‡n-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hnizm-k-a√, Hcp al-»-‡n-bpsS
kPoh km∂n-≤y-amWv Cu `mh-\m-t`-Z-ß-sfms° hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-∂Xv.
{]IrXn {]Xn-`m-kß - sf ssZh-am-bn-°c - pXn Bcm-[n-°p-∂X - n\v apºpw
BZna a\p-jy-cpsS BNm-cß - f- nepw hnizm-kß - f- nepw GIssZhhnizmkw
\ng-en´p\n∂-Xmbn ka¿Yn-®p-sIm≠v hnb∂ bq\n-th¿kn-‰n-bnse an.jnan‰v
]d-™Xv ""]pcm-X\ \mK-cn-I-X-I-fnse ]cm-i‡n GI ssZh Z¿i-\-Øn-
e-[n-jvTn-X-amb ssZhhpw Ah-bpƒs°m-≠n-cp∂ aXw ip≤-amb GI
ssZh-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-X-am-b-Xp-am-bn-cp∂p'' F∂mWv.
ssZh-Øns‚ AZz-b-`m-h-hp-ambn aX-X-e-߃°p≈ _‘-sa-ßs\
Fs∂m-∂-t\z-jn°mw.
lnµp-aXw:
s]s´∂v kΩ-Xn-°m≥ {]bmkw tXm∂p-sa-¶nepw lnµp-aXw F∂-
t]-cn-semcp aXw Chn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. ss{IkvXh aXw, Ckvemw aXw
F∂n-h-bvs°m∏w Xpe\w sNøm≥ t]mcp∂ Hcp kwL-Sn-X-a-X-a-√Xv.
F¶nepw lnµp-a-X-sa-∂Xv Cs∂mcp kmaq-lybmYm¿Yy-amWv. k\m-X\
[¿a-am-Wn-hnsS lnµp-a-X-ambn hnfn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. k\m-X\ [¿a-sa-∂Xv
]cn-ko-an-Xa- mb Hcp {]tXyI {]tZ-iØv A[n-hk - n-°p-∂h - c- p-tStXm kwL-
Sn-X-amb GsX-¶n-ep-samcp P\-]-Z-Øn-t‚tXm GsX-¶n-ep-samcp {]tXyI
a\p-jys‚ akvXn-jvI-Øn¬\n∂v {]mZp¿`-hn-®tXm Bb Hcp kwL-SnX
aX-a√. AsXmcp am\-hnI Z¿i-\-amWv, Hcp hniz-am-\-hnI Z¿i\w. D]-\n-
j-Øp-Ifpw KoX-bp-sa√mw k\m-X\[¿a a\p-Km\w sNøp∂ Zm¿i-\nI
{KŸ-ß-fmWv.
lnµp-a-X-Øns‚ BZn {KŸ-ß-fmbn {ipXn-Ifpw kvarXn-Ifpw Adn-
b-s∏-Sp∂p. {ihn-°-s∏-´-sX∂pw Hm¿a-bn¬ \ns∂-Sp-sØ-gp-X-s∏-´-sX-∂p-
am-Wn-h-bv°¿Yw. thZ-߃, D]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ, Bc-Wy-I-߃, {_mlva-W-
߃ F∂n-h-bmWv {ipXn-Iƒ. ssZh-Øn¬ \n∂v tIƒ°-s∏-´Xv F∂mWv
hnh£. CXn-lmk ]pcm-W-ßfpw \oXn-im-kv{X-ß-fp-sa√mw Ejn-am¿
Hm¿an-s®-gp-Xnb hninjvS {KŸ-ß-fm-Ws{X. thZ-ß-fpsS ⁄m\-Im-fi-
amWv D]-\n-j-Øp-Iƒ. thZm-¥-amWv Ah-bn¬ Io¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. Ah-
bn-se√mw ]e tZh≥amcpw \nd-™p-\n-ev°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw Ah-bn-emsI
hgn-™p-\n-ev°p-∂Xv GI\pw k¿h-i-‡-\p-amb ]cw s]mcp-fmWv.
""{]Imi kzcq-]nbpw kqcy≥ XpS-ßnb {]Im-ih - k
- X
v p-°sf krjvSn®p
hln-°p-∂-h\pw PK-Øns‚ kwc-£-I\pw GI-\p-amb lnc-Wy-K¿`≥
106 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
PK-Øp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn\v apºp-Xs∂ shfn-s∏´p. Ah≥ `qan-tbbpw kz¿§-
tØbpw hln-°p∂p.'' XpS-ßnb EtKz-Z-]-cm-a¿iw as‰m-∂√ hy‡-am-°p-
∂Xv.
XXz-a-knbpw Alw {_“m-kvanbpw GI-ta-hm-Zzn-Xnbw {_“xhpw
GIw kZv hn{]m-_-lp-[m-h-Z-¥nbpw {]tLm-jn-°p∂ lnµp-aXw AYhm
k\m-X\[¿aw kq£vam¿Y-Øn¬ GI ssZhsØ D]m-kn-°p∂p.
{InkvXp-aXw:
{InkvXp-aXw {XnXzsØ tLmjn-°p-∂p-s≠-¶nepw thZ{KŸ-ß-
fpsS (]gb \nbaw, ]pXnb \nbaw) ]n≥_ew AXn-∂n√.
""Rm\mWv ssZhw as‰mcp ssZh-an√. Rm\mWv ssZhw Fs∂-
t∏mse Bcp-an√. BZn-ap-Xte Rm≥ A¥yw {]h-Nn®p. ]pcm-X\ Imew
apXte kw`hn-°m-\n-cn-°p-∂h {]h-Nn®p.'' (sbiø 46; 9.10) F∂v tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Ønb ]gb \nbaw _lp-ssZ-h-Xz-Øn\v AkvXnXzw sImSpØp
F∂p Icp-Xm≥ hø. \ymb{]am-W-Øn¬ tami {]hm-N-I∂v \¬Inb
Iev]-\-Iƒ hntim-[-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°m-hp-∂-XmWv :
""\ns‚ ssZh-amb I¿Ømhv Rm\m-Ip∂p, CuPn]vXv tZiØv ASna
`h-\-Øn¬ \n∂v \ns∂ tamNn-∏n-®p-sIm≠p h∂-h≥. Rm\-√msX a‰p
tZh≥am¿ \n\-°p-≠m-h-cpXv. Hcp hn{K-lhpw F\n-°m-bp-≠m-°-cpXv. apI-
fn¬ kz¿§-Øn-ep-≈tXm Xmsg `qan-bn-ep-≈tXm `qan-°-Sn-bn¬ sh≈-Øn-
ep-≈tXm Bb bmsXm-∂n-s‚bpw _nw_w D≠m-°-cpXv. \o Ahbv°v
ap∂n¬ Xe-Ip-\n-°p-Itbm Ahsb tkhn-°p-Itbm AcpXv.'' (]pd-∏mSv 20
: 1˛5)
{InkvXp-hns‚ hN-\-ß-sf√mw GI ssZhXzw {]t_m-[\w sNbvXp-
sIm-≠p-≈-XmWv.
""Fs‚ ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw \nß-fpsS ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw Fs‚ ssZh-Øn-
s‚bpw \nß-fpsS ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw ASp-°-te°v Rm≥ Btcm-lWw
sNøp∂p'' (tbml-∂m≥ 20:17) F∂v kz¿§m-tcm-l-W-Øn\v apºv aKvZ-e-
\-a-dn-b-tØmSv ]d™ hm°p-Iƒ t]mepw AXn∂v km£y-amWv.
lnµp-aX Z¿i-\hpw ss{IkvXh kwkvIr-Xnbpw {]hm-N-I≥am-cp-
sa√mw {]t_m-[n-∏n-®Xv GIssZh hnizm-k-am-bn-cp∂p. sshZnI Ime-
Øn\v tij-amWv lnµp-a-X-Øn¬ _lp-ssZh[mcW hf¿∂p-h-∂Xv.
AXp-t]mse ss{IkvXhcwKØv ]n∂o-Sp-≠mb k`-I-fmWv {XntbI
hnizm-k-Øn\v cq]w \¬In-bXv. GI ssZh-Øn-ep≈ AN-©-e-amb
hnizmkw ZrV-cq-V-`m-h-Øn¬ Hcn-°epw s]men-a-Ip-d-bmsX {]Jym-]n-®p-
t]m-∂Xv Ckvemw Z¿i-\-amWv. Jp¿-B-\nse kqd-Xp¬ CJvem-kn¬
Cßs\ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v.
""]d-bpI, Imcyw A√mlp GI-\mWv F∂-Xm-Ip∂p. A√mlp ]cm-
{ibw th≠m-Øh - \pw kI-e¿°pw B{i-ba - m-bn-´p-≈h
- \pw BIp∂p.
Ah≥ ]nXmthm k¥-Xntbm A√. Ah∂v Xpey-ambn H∂pw Xs∂-
bn√.'' 112 : 1 ˛ 4.
GIssZh-Øns‚ A\m-Zy-¥-{]-IrXw Fhn-sSbpw apg-ßn-t°ƒ°m-
sa-¶nepw krjvSn-ÿnXn kwlm-cI - m-cI
- Xzw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ aq∂mbv ]IpØ
GIXzw D]m-kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p 107
a´n-emWv lnµp-a-X-Øn¬ tZh k¶ev]w. GIw kZv hn {]m_-lp-[m-h-Z¥n
F∂ kq‡-a-\p-k-cn®v ssZh-Øns‚ GIXzw t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶nepw
]e cq]-ß-fnepw ]e \ma-ß-fnepw ssZhm-kvXnXzw Io¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp-
tºmƒ km[m-cW a\- p-I-fn¬ Hc-hy-‡X \ng¬ ]c-Øp-∂p≠v. ]nXmhv,
]p{X≥, ]cn-ip-≤m-flmhv F∂n-ßs\ {XnXzw Btcm-]n-®p-sIm-≠mWv
ss{IkvXh aX-Ønse ssZh[mc-W-sb∂v kqNn-∏n-®p-hs√m. CXn-em-sc-
bm-cm-[n-®mepw ssZhm-cm-[-\-bm-sb-∂mWv {Xntb-I-Xz-hmZ kwkvIrXn.
Ch-sb√mw ssZh-Øns‚ GI-XzsØ Zp¿∫-e-am-°m≥ t]m∂ hne-£-W-
hm-Z-ß-fm-sW∂v ]d-bmsX hø. F∂m¬ krjvSn-ÿnXn kwlmc IrXy-
ß-f-Jn-ehpw Hcp al-»-‡n-bne¿∏n®pw ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw ]p{X-s‚bpw ]cn-
ip-≤m-flm-hn-s‚bpw Imcp-Wy-]qcw Hcp i‡n-bn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ h¿jn®pw
ssZh-Øns‚ GI-XzsØ Ckvemw {]tLm-jn-°p∂p.
""\n߃ A√m-lp-hns\ \ntj-[n-°p-∂-sX-ßs\? \nßtfm \n¿÷o-
h-cm-bn-cp∂p. Ah≥ \n߃°v Poh≥ {]Zm\w sNbvXp. ]ns∂ Ah≥
Xs∂ \nßsf arX-cm-°p-Ibpw ]nt∂bpw Ah≥ Xs∂ \nßsf ]p\-cp-
÷o-hn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. ]n∂oSv Ah-¶t- e-bv°p-Xs∂ \n߃ Xncn®p
hnfn-°s - ∏-Sp-∂X
- p-am-Ip∂p. `ph-\Ø
- n-ep-≈s
- X√mw \n߃°pth≠n krjvSn-
®p-sh-®Xv Ah-\m-Ip∂p. F∂n-´-h≥ D]-cn-tem-I-Øn-tebv°v Xncn-bp-Ibpw
AXns\ k]vX-hm-\-ß-fmbn kwhn-[m-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah≥ k¿h
kw`-h-⁄-\s{X.'' 2. 28˛29.
GIssZh hnizm-k-sa-∂Xv Ckvemw aX-Øns‚ {]ap-J-amb apJ-ap-
{Z-bmWv. Ad_n `mj-bnse XuloZv F∂ ]Zw AXp-t±-in-®p-≈-XmWv.
GI ssZh-Øn-ep≈ AN-©-e-amb hnizm-khpw ssZh-Øns‚ A{]-tab
{]`m-h-Ønepw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-X-bn-ep≈ t_m≤y-hp-amWv XuloZv F∂
]Z-hn-ti-j-Øns‚ hymJym\w. {]]-©-Øns‚ {kjvSmhpw DS-a-ÿ\pw `c-
Wm-[n-Im-cnbpw \nb-¥mhpw Ah-\mWv. {]]-©-Øns‚ krjvSn ÿnXn
kwlmc Imcy-ß-sf√mw Ahs‚ hrØo-t`-Z-ß-fmWv. Cu sshNn-{Xy-
am¿∂ hrØn-hn-ti-j-߃°v Xmf-e-b-_-≤-amb {]Ir-Xhpw kp\n-b-X-
amb e£y-hp-ap≠v. F√mw ]c-kv]-cm-Zn-X-ßfpw At\ym-\y--]qc-I-ß-fp-
amWv. krjvSn-I-fn¬ t{ijvT-am-bn-°-cp-X-s∏-Sp∂ a\p-jys‚ \≥a-bv°mWv
ka-kvXhpw k÷-am-°n-bn-´p-≈Xv. AX-dn-bm\pw Bkz-Zn-°m\pw˛ A¥-
ÿn-X-amb GI-X-bpsS \nXy kXy-`m-h-apƒs°m-≈m\pw a\p-jy\v Ign-
bWw.
I¿a-Im-fi-Øn¬ ssZhw AXoh \njvWm-X-\m-sW-¶nepw Ahn-{i-
a-amb A[zm\{]IrXw ssZh-Øns‚ kl-P-`m-h-am-sW-¶nepw {]]-©-Im-
cy-߃ {i≤n-°m≥ ssZhw Hcp D]-ssZ-h-sØtbm kl-Im-cn-tbtbm \nb-
an-®n-´n√. AXp-sIm≠v ssZh-Øn\v ka≥am-cn√. tZh-hr-Øn°v kam-\-X-
I-fp-an√. ssZh-th-Zn-bn¬ A[n-Im-c-Øn-\p≈ hSw-h-en-I-fp-an√. Nn¥n-
°p∂ a\p-jy\v ssZh t_m[sØ kw_-‘n®v Ahy-‡-X-bn√, Bi-b-
°p-g-∏-hp-an√.
""\nß-fpsS ssZhw GI-ssZ-h-am-Ip∂p. ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-
\n-[nb-pamb Ah-\-√msX as‰mcp ssZh-an√. BImi `qan-I-fpsS krjvSn-
108 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
∏nepw cm∏I-ep-Iƒ amdn-amdn hcp-∂-Xnepw P\-߃°v D]-Im-c-{]-Z-amb
hkvXp-°-fp-ambn kap-{Z-Øn¬ k©-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ I∏-ep-I-fnepw
A√mlp BIm-i-Øn¬\n∂p h¿jn® Pe-Ønepw Aßs\ AXp aptJ\
`qansb AXns‚ \n¿÷o-hm-h-ÿ-bv°p-tijw kPo-h-am-°p-Ibpw \m\m-
Xcw Pohn-Isf AXn¬ hym]-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xnepw Im‰n-s\bpw
BImi `qan-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ A[o-\-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ taL-sØbpw \nb-{¥n-®p-
\n¿Øp-∂-Xnepw _p≤n-bp≈ a\p-jy¿°v ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp≠v.'' (2 : 163 ˛
164)
AXn-\m¬ {]]© {]Xn-`m-k-ß-fpsS ]nd-In¬ AZzn-Xn-b\pw \nJn-e-
⁄\pw AJn-em-cm-[y-\p-amb GI ssZh-Øns‚ D¨abpw AkvXn-Xzhpw
a\p-jy\v kwi-bm-Xo-Xa - mbn t_m[y-s∏-Sp∂p. Cu alm-kX - ysØ Ckvemw
DZvKm\w sNøp∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS \m°n≥ Xe-∏n¬ kZm \rØw
shbv°p∂ AarX \njy-µn-bmb hN-\-amWv ""em Ceml C√-√mlp''
(A√m-lp-h-√msX as‰mcp Cemlv C√) F∂Xv. ]WvUn-X≥am¿ Cemlv
F∂ ]ZsØ hni-I-e\w sNbvXv "C_m-Z-Øn\v A¿l-\m-b-h≥' F∂
kq£vam¿Yw Is≠-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂p. C_m-Z-Øn\v Bcm-[\ F∂ A¿Y
hnti-j-W-amWv ChnsS \njv]-∂am-hp-∂Xv. Bcm-[-\bv-°¿l-\m-b-h≥
A√mlp am{X-am-sW∂v AXv A`n-hy-‡-am-°p∂p.
""_p≤n-bp≈ a\p-jy¿°v ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp≠v'' F∂ Jp¿-B≥ hN\w
AXy¥w {it≤bw. \ΩpsS B\p-`-hnI {]]-©-Øn¬ \nd-™p-\n-ev°p∂
ssZhnI ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn-eqsS ssZh-Øns‚ km∂n[yw t_m≤y-s∏-Sp-I-
bmWv Ic-Wo-b-am-bn-´p-≈Xv. AXn∂v ]›m-Ø-e-ambn as‰mcp sXfn™
t_m[yw-IqSn A\n-hm-cy-amWv. ssZhkØsb ]q¿W-ambn a\- n-em-
°pI, ssZhsØ {]m]n-°pI Fs∂-√m-ap-≈Xv A\m-bmkw km[n-°m-hp-
∂-X√. ImcWw {]m]-©n-Ihpw ]Zm¿Y-]-c-hp-amb Imcy-߃ am{Xsa
a\pjy_p≤n°v Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Ign-bp-I-bp≈p. kI-em-¥-cym-an-bmb
ssZhsØ \ΩpsS ÿqe N£p- p-sIm≠v A`n-Z¿in-°p-hmt\m {]]-©-
h-kX v p-°f
- p-ambn CgpIn\nev°p∂ a\pjy a\- n\v AXv hn`m-h\ sNømt\m
km[y-a√. AXn-\m¬ \ΩpsS ap∂nse ssZhnI ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn-eqsS
Cuiz-cm-kvXnXzw t_m≤y-s∏-SpI; {]]© Ne-\-߃ AI¿Ør-I-am-
sW∂pw A¿Y-iq-\y-am-sW∂pw BI-kvan-Ia - m-sW∂pw Icp-XmsX AXns‚
]nd-Inse {]Xn-`mk hnti-j-sa-s¥-∂-dn-bm-\p≈ kXy-Z¿i\ {]h-W-amb
kn≤n-Iƒ {i≤-bn-eq-sSbpw \nXm¥ Pm{K-X-bn-eq-sSbpw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-
°pI. {kjvSm-hns‚ k¿§-]-c-X-bpsS \nk¿§-em-hWyw AhnsS \sΩ
hncp-∂q´pw, AXn-eqsS AN-©-e-amb kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ {]Imi `qan-
bn-te°v \S-∂-Sp-°m≥ \ap°v km[n°pw. a\- ns‚ AS-bv°m-tØm-´-n¬
ssZhsØ HXp-°m\pw emLh _p≤n-tbmsS ssZhsØ {]m]n-°p-hm-\p-
ap≈ \ΩpsS GXv {iahpw ]cn-lm-ky-am-bn-cn°pw. AXmWv Cu al-Zz-
N\w Kuch]q¿hw \sΩ-tbm¿an-∏n-®Xv:
""A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-lß - s
- f-°p-dn®v \n߃ Nn¥n-°pI; F∂m¬
A√mlphns‚ kØ-sb-°p-dn®v \n߃ Nn¥n°-cpXv'' F∂v.
as‰m-cn-SØv :
GIXzw D]m-kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p 109
""a\p-jy¿ tNmZn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw. Ah-km\w Ah¿ ]dbpw krjvSn-
sbsb√mw krjvSn-®Xv A√m-lp-hmWv. At∏mƒ A√m-lpsh
krjvSn®Xmcv F∂v. AØcw A\p-`-h-ßfp≠mbm¬ Rm≥ A√m-
lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂p F∂v Ah≥ ]d-™p-sIm-≈s´.'' apkvenw.
"Rm≥ ]d-bp∂p ˛ AXp-sIm≠v \nß-f-\p-k-cn-°pI' F∂ kao-]-\-
a√ {]hm-N-I-\-h-ew-_n-®Xv. Np‰p-]mSpw {i≤n-°p-hm\pw C{µn-b-ß-fn-eqsS
Ah-bpsS hnkva-b-I-c-amb sshNn-{Xy-ß-fpƒs°m-≈p-hm\pw Ahsb
kq£va-amb hni-I-e-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am°n AXns‚ ]nd-Inse A{]-tab
{]`m-h-an-b∂ alm-k-Xy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ sXfn™ t_m[yw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-
hm-\p-amWv {]hm-N-I-\m-lzm\w sNbvXX.v bp‡y-\p-`-h-ßsf Bkv]-Z-am-
°n-bp≈ ka¿Y\ k{º-Zm-b-am-WXv. {]]-©-Ønse kIe Ncm-N-c-ß-
sfbpw A\p-{Iaw Bh¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Imem-h-ÿ-I-sfbpw Ch-bvs°-
√m-aSn-bn¬ kuay-ambn kv]µn-°p∂ kp\n-b-X-amb {]]-©-Xm-f-sØbpw
Nq≠n-°m´n Jp¿-B≥ a\pjy kmam-\y-tØmSv tNmZn-°p-∂Xv :
""\n߃ Nn¥n-°p-∂nt√, \n߃°p _p≤n-bnt√? _p≤n-bp-≈-
h¿°v AXn¬ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp≠v'' F∂mWv.
]Zm¿Y-tem-I-sØ-°p-dn®v am{Xsa Nn¥n-°m≥ Ignbq F∂-XmWv
akvXn-jvI-Øns‚ ]cn-anXn. ]Zm¿Ym-Xo-X-amb bmsXm-∂n-s\-°p-dn®pw
Nn¥n-°m≥ a\pjy_p≤n°v km[y-a√. ÿe ˛ Ime ss\c-¥-cy-Øn-\-
IØv P\n®p acn-°p∂ IY-tb- akvXn-jvI-Øn\v ]d-bm≥ Ign-bq. ÿe-
Im-e-߃°-∏p-d-Øp≈ bmsXm-∂n-s\-°p-dn®pw Nn¥n-°m≥ Ign-bp∂
coXn-bn-e√ akvXnjvIw kwhn[m\w sNøs∏´n-´p-≈Xv. ""_p≤n-sIm≠v
Nnd-Ip-Iƒ kºm-Zn-s®{X tatem´v tIdn-∏-d-∂mepw'' {]m]n-°m≥ Ign-
bmØ Hc-⁄mX taJ-e-bp≠v. Ahn-sS-bmWv aX˛B≤ym-fln-I-Z¿i-\-
߃ hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂Xv. ÿe-Im-e-X-e-ß-fpsS kwc-N\ km[n® al-—-
‡n-bmWv ssZhw. ssZh-Øns‚ Ah-ÿm\w ]Zm¿Ym-Xo-X-amb A\-¥-
hn-kvXr-X-amb Hc-⁄m-X-ta-J-e-bn-em-sW∂v hy‡w. ÿe-Ime ]cn-ko-
an-Xn-I-fp≈ a\pjy akvXn-jvI-Øn\v ÿe-Im-em-Xo-X-\mb ssZhsØ
sXm´p-gn-bm-s\-ßs\ km[n°pw?
At∏mƒ ssZh-Øns‚ kØm-hn-ti-j-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ssZhwXs∂
shfn-s∏-Sp-Ønb Imcy-ßsf B{i-bn-°pI am{Xta Ic-Wo-b-am-bn-´p≈q.
Jp¿-B≥ ssZhnI hN- p-I-fpsS kap-®-b-am-b-Xn-\m¬ AXn-s\-b-h-ew-
_n-°p-Ibpw Adn-bp-Ibpw A\p-k-cn-°p-I-bp-amWv Hcp kXy-hn-izm-kn-
bpsS [¿aw.
""{]Jym-]n-°pI ˛Imcyw, A√mlp GI-\mWv F∂-Xm-Ip∂p. A√mlp
Bcp-sSbpw B{ibw th≠m-Ø-h\pw F√m-h-cmepw B{i-bn-°-s∏-
Sp-∂-h-\p-am-Ip∂p. Ah∂v k¥-Xn-tb-Xp-an√. Ah≥ Bcp-sSbpw
k¥m-\-hp-a√; Ah\v Xpey-\mbpw Bcp-an√.'' 112; 1˛4.
""Ahn-sS-bp≈ (`q-ap-J-Øp-≈) F√m-hcpw \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xm-Ip-
∂p. \ns‚ d∫ns‚ {]uVhpw al-Ø-c-hp-amb AkvXnXzw am{Xta
Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p≈q.'' 55: 26-˛27.
""A√m-lp-hn\v Xpey-\mbn BcpwXs∂-bn√.'' 112 : 4
110 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
""Ah∂v kZr-i-ambn H∂pw-X-s∂-bn√'' 42 : 11
""kvXpXn k¿h-temI ]me-I-\mb A√m-lp-hn-\m-Ip∂p.'' 1:1
""F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw CW-I-fm°n krjvSn-®-h-\m-Wh - ≥.'' 43 : 12.
CW-bmWv, Iq´mWv, ka-\z-bm-h-ÿ-bmWv ]Zm¿Y-Øns‚ i‡nbpw
ku`m-Ky-hp-sa√mw. ]Zm¿Y-Øns‚ GI IWw At\z-jn-®p-sIm-≠p≈
{]bm-W-K-Xn-bn¬ a\p-jy-a-\ v Is≠-Ønb Hcp alm-kXyw GI-I-W-sa-
∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm-hp∂ Hcp hkvXphpw {]]-©-Øn-e-ns√-∂mWv. F√mw H∂n-
s\m∂v _‘-s∏-´p-sIm≠v h¿Øn-°p∂p. ]sØm-ºXmw \q‰m≠v B‰w-
hsc B≠n-dßn. Ccp-]Xmw \q‰m≠mWv B‰w-t]mepw ka-\zb i‡n-bm-
sW∂v Is≠-Øn-bXv. Ce-Ivt{Sm¨, t{]mt´m¨, \yqt{Sm¨ F∂o
auenI IW-ß-fmemWv B‰w krjvSn-°-s∏-´n-´p-≈-sX-¶n¬ kzm`m-hn-I-am-
bp-ap-b-cp∂ as‰mcp tNmZyw Cu "auenI IW-߃' F¥p-sIm≠v krjvSn-
°-s∏´p F∂mWv. AXns‚ At\z-jW ]Y-Øn-emWv imkv{X-temIw
hymap-Kv≤am-bn-´p-≈Xv. ]Zm¿Y-Øns‚ s]mcpƒ tXSn-bp≈ {]bmWw
\nXcmw XpS¿∂p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°p∂p. ""AXy¥ kq£va-amb aq∂p-Xcw
Izm¿°p-Iƒ ( ) sIm≠mWv t{]mt´m¨ XpS-ßnb IW-߃ \n¿an-°-
s∏-´n-´p-≈-sX∂v tPm¿÷v, kzn§v XpS-ßnb imkv{X-a-\o-jn-Iƒ Is≠-Øn-
bn-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Hcn-°epw th¿]n-cn-°m-\m-hmØ Izm¿°v ˛ {]Xn-Izm¿°p-
I-fpsS ]mc-kv]c - y-Øn¬ \n∂mWv ]Zm¿Y-Øns‚ auenI IW-߃ \n¿an-
°-s∏-´n-´p-≈Xv'' F∂ \nK-a\w hnc¬ Nq≠p-∂Xv ""F√m hkvXp-°-sfbpw
CW-I-fm°n krjvSn-®-h-\m-W-h≥'' F∂ Jp¿-B≥ kq‡-Øn-te-°mWv.
]Zm¿Y-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ kz`m-h-amWv AXns‚ _lp-Xz-sa∂pw ]c-a-
amb GI-Xz-a-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm≥ {kjvSm-hn\v am{Xsa km[n°q F∂p-amWv.
(Ah-ew_w ˛ Ckvemw hnizmk Z¿i\w)
""A√mlp ˛ Ah-\-√msX ssZh-an√ ˛ Fs∂∂pw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-
h≥, F√mw \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-h≥, ab-°tam Dd-°tam Ahs\ _m[n-°p-I-
bn√. Ah-t‚-XmWv BIm-i-`q-an-I-fn-ep-≈-h-sb√mw. Ahs‚ A\p-hm-Z-{]-
Im-ca-√msX Ah-s‚-b-Sp-°¬ ip]m¿i \S-Øm-\m-cp≠v! Ah-cpsS ap∂n-
ep-≈Xpw Ah¿°v ]n∂n-ep-≈Xpw Ah≥ Adn-bp∂p. Ahs‚ Adn-
hn¬\n∂v Ah-\n-—n-°p-∂-X-√msX (as‰m∂pw) Ah¿°v kq£va-ambn
Adn-bm≥ Ign-bn√. Ahs‚ A[n-Imc]oTw BIm-i-`q-an-Isf apgp-h≥
Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xm-Ip∂p. Ah-bpsS kwc-£Ww Ah∂v H´pw `mc-ap-≈-
X√. Ah≥ D∂-X\pw alm-\p-as{X.'' 2 : 255
""\_ntb ]d-bpI: kap-{Z-Pew Fs‚ c£n-Xm-hns‚ hN-\-ß-sf-gp-
Xm-\p≈ ajn-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, Fs‚ c£n-Xm-hns‚ hN-\-߃
Xocp-∂-Xn-∂p-ap-ºmbn kap-{Z-Pew Xo¿∂p-t]m-hp-I-Xs∂ sNøp-am-
bn-cp∂p; AXn∂p Xpey-amb as‰mcp kap{Zw IqSn \mw klm-b-Øn\v
sIm≠p-h-∂mepw icn.'' 18 : 109.
""`qan-bn-ep≈ hr£-ß-sf√mw t]\-bm-bncn°pIbpw kap{Zw ajn-bm-
hp-Ibpw AXn\v ]pdsa Ggv kap-{Z-߃ AXns\ t]mjn-∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXmepw A√m-lp-hns‚ hN-\-߃ Fgp-Xn-ØocpIbn√. Xo¿®-
bmbpw A√mlp {]Xm-]nbpw bp‡nam\p-am-Ip∂p.'' 31:27
GIXzw D]m-kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p 111
""At∏mƒ, BIm-i-ß-fpsS c£n-Xmhpw `qanbpsS c£n-Xmhpw
temI c£n-Xm-hp-amb A√mlphn\v kvXpXn.'' 45:36
""\n›bw, A√mlp k¿h-⁄\pw kq£va-⁄-\p-as{X.'' 31:34
""A√mlp ˛ Ah-\-√msX Bcm-≤y-\n√;
Fs∂∂pw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h≥,
F√mw \nb-{¥n-°p-∂-h≥.'' 2:255
""\nß-fpsS Bcm-≤y≥ A√mlp am{X-am-Ip∂p. Ah-\-√msX as‰m-
cm-cm-≤y-\n√. Ahs‚ Adnhv F√m Imcy-sØbpw Dƒs°m≈m≥
am{Xw hnim-e-am-Ip∂p.'' 20:98
A√m-lp-hns‚ AZzb`mhhpw A{]-tab{]`m-hhpw {]Io¿Øn-°p∂
]c-»Xw kq‡n-c-Xv\-߃ Jp¿-B-\n-ep≠v. Ah-sb√mw a\p-jys‚ Nn¥m-
i-‡nsb {]Im-i-a-Wn-bn-°p∂p. a\p-jys‚ A⁄-X-tbbpw Zu¿_-ey-
tØbpw NqjWw sNbvXp-sIm≠v Bfp-Isf ]m´n-em-°m-\p≈ N]-e-amb
am¿§-a√ Jp¿-B≥ Ah-ew-_n-®Xv.
ssZh-Øns‚ kØ-bpƒs°m-≈m≥ a\p-jy\v km≤y-a√. ssZhnI
ZrjvSm-¥-߃ hgn ssZh-t_m≤yw km[n°pI am{X-amWv Ic-Wobw.
{]m]-©n-Ihpw ]Zm¿Y-]-c-hp-amb hkvXp-X-Iƒ am{Xsa a\p-jy-_p-≤n°v
hi-K-am-hp-I-bp≈q. {]]© {]Xn-`m-k-߃°v ]nd-In-ep≈ krjvSn ssh`-
h-sØ-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-°p-hm-\mWv Jp¿-B≥ \tΩm-Sm-hi
- y-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. krjvSn-
I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ hnNn-¥\w ˛ AXv hgn \bn-°p-∂Xv A√m-lp-hns‚
AkvXn-Xz-Øn-te°v. {kjvSm-hns‚ aln-am-hp-I-sf-°p-dn-®-dn-bp-tºmƒ
AXn¬\n∂v {]Im-ihpw ssNX-\yhpw \Ωn¬ {]k-cn°pw. ssZh-a-lXzw
\Ωn¬ \nemhv sNmcnbpw. ssZhnI hnti-j-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Jp¿-B≥ \sΩ
{]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p. `mj a\pjy\n¿an-Xn-bmWv. B \ne-bn¬ ssZh hnti-
j-߃ ]q¿Æ-am-b-h-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ a\pjy_p≤nbpw AXns‚ krjvSn-
bmb `mjbpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp∂p F∂p hcmw. "C∂v `mj-b-X-]q¿Æw' F∂
kXyw \ap-°-\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂Xv At∏m-gmWv. F¶nepw \ap°v hnj-a-an√.
thZ-{K-Ÿ-ap≠v, {]hm-NI Pohn-X-hpap≠v.
ssZh-Z-Ø-amb hnti-j-_p-≤nbpw \ap-°p≠v.
Ch D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-h¿°v c£mam¿§-hp-ap≠v.
112 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
21
kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ A\p-jvTm-\-Xew
B Zw apX-em-cw-`n-°p∂ {]hm-NI ]c-º-c-bpsS Ah-km-\sØ IÆn-
bmWv apl-ΩZv. apl-Ω-Zn-eqsS temI-Øn\v \¬I-s∏´ ssZhnI ktµ-i-
amWv Ckvemw. AXn-\m¬ {]hm-NI ]c-º-c-bpsS k\m-X\ ktµ-i-ß-
fpsS kmc-k-ap-®-b-amWv Ckvemw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂Xv. B ]Z-Øn\v
ssZhm-`o-jvS-tØm-Sp≈ ka¿∏Ww F∂mWv Ad_n `mj-bn-ep≈ `mjyw.
Ckvem-ans‚ Ah-ew-_-in-e-I-fm-bn-°o¿Øn°-s∏-Sp∂ ASn-ÿm\
{]am-W-ß-sf-bmWv "Cuam≥' F∂v hnfn-°p-∂Xv. ssZh-Ønepw, ssZh-Zq-
X≥am-cnepw A¥y-hn-[n-bnepw ac-Wm-\-¥c Pohn-X-Øn-ep-ap≈ hnizm-k-
amWv Cu {]am-W-߃. Hcp apk¬am≥ hyXn-bm\w hcp-ØmsX A\p-jvTn-
t°≠ I¿a-hn-ti-j-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Ckvemw \njvI¿jn-°p-∂p≠v. apl-
ΩZv \_n ssZhZqX-\m-sW∂v lrZ-bw-Ka - a
- m-bw-Ko-Ic
- n®v {]Jym-]\w sNøpI.
Znh-k-Øn¬ A©p-t\cw \a-kvImcI¿aw \n¿h-ln-°pI, k°mØv
\¬IpI, {hX-am-N-cn-°pI, l÷v I¿a-a-\p-jvTn-°pI F∂n-h-bm-Wh. Hcp
bYm¿Y-ap-k¬ams\ kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw Ch-bn¬ am‰n-sh-°m-s\m-
∂p-an√. B≤ym-flnI hnj-b-ßsf thdn´v I≠v Ah-sb-°p-dn®v am{Xw
A]-{K-Yn-°p∂ Hcp aXZ¿i-\-a√ Ckvemw. Bflob [m¿ΩnI hyh-ÿ-
Ifpw IpSpw_ kmaqly kmº-ØnI cmjv{Sob \nb-a-ßfpw Ckvemw Z¿i-
\-Øns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬ s]Sp∂p. kmXznI kwkvIr-Xn-bn-eqsS Bfl-i‡n
kzmwio-I-cn® a\- p-Iƒ°v am{Xsa \nb-X-amb A¿Yu-NnXy ]pjvI-e-X-
I-tfmsS Ckvem-ans‚ A\p-imk-\ß - ƒ \n¿h-ln-°m≥ km[n-°p-Ib - p≈p.
Bfl-kw-kvI-c-W-Øns‚ A\n-hm-cyX Ckvemw {]tLm-jn-°p∂p.
{]]© {kjvSm-hmb ssZhw ]c-a-]-Z-Øn¬ {]`m-kn-°p∂p. {]]©w
kv]µn-°p-∂Xpw Nen-°p-∂Xpw hr≤n-£-b-߃°v hnt[-b-am-Ip-∂Xpw
Poh-Ømbn h¿Øn-°p-∂X - p-sa√mwXs∂ kI-em-[n-\m-Y\ - mb ssZh-Øns‚
lnXm-\p-km-c-amWv. Ah≥ Ak-Zr-i\pw AZzn-Xn-b-\p-am-Ip∂p. AXn-\m¬
Ah-\-√msX as‰m-cm-cm-≤y-\n√.
a\p-jy-Po-hnXw Chn-S-tØm-sS-b-h-km-\n-°p-∂n-s√∂pw ac-Wm-\¥-
chpw AXv XpS-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Ckvemw Adn-bn-°p∂p. Ime-K-Xn-bn¬ Cu
alm {]]©w Iogvta¬ adn-bp∂ Hcp Znhkw hcp-sa∂pw A∂v Cu `qap-
JØv Poh-cm-in-Is- fm-∂p-ap-≠m-hp-Ib
- n-s√∂pw kXy-thZw {]tLm-jn-°p∂p.
Iev]m-¥-Ime {]f-b-sØ-°p-dn®v AYhm Ckvemw kwkvIrXn kqNn-∏n-
GIXzw D]m-kn-°-s∏-Sp∂p 113
°p∂ temIm-h-km-\sØ(Jnbm-aØv)°pdn®v F√m aX-X-e-ßfpw kqN\
\¬Ip-∂p≠v. temIm-h-km-\-Øn\v tij-ap≈ hniz {]Xn-`m-k-sØ-°p-
dn®v Jp¿-B≥ Cßs\ ]cm-a¿in-°p∂p:
""temIm-cw`w apX¬ A¥y-\mƒ hsc-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ kI-e-am\ Poh-
Pm-e-ß-sfbpw Xm¥m-ß-fpsS ico-c-tØmSpw Bflm-thmSpw IqSn ]pXn-
sbmcp temIØv A∂v Hcp-an-s®m-cn-SØv \n¿Øp-at{X. Cu NS-ßn-s\-
bmWv ]p\-cp-∞m\w (liv¿) F∂v hnfn-°p-∂Xv. ac-Wm-\-¥c PohnXw
Ahn-sS-bm-Wm-cw-`n-°p-∂Xv. F√m-hcpw ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn-te-°m-\-bn-°-s∏-
Sp-∂p. hy‡n-bpsS Cl-tem-I-Po-hn-X-Ønse I¿a-Im-fi-amsI hni-I-
e\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂p, hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp∂p. DZmØ hrØn-IƒsIm≠v
kapXvIrjvS Pohn-X-am-N-cn-®-h¿°v Akp-e` kpµ-c-amb kz¿§-cmPyw
ssIh-cp∂p. adn-®m-sW-¶n¬ Zpcn-X-amb \c-I-{]m-]vXnbpw. At∏mƒ Cl-
temI Pohn-X-Ønse I¿a-^-e-amWv Hcp-hs\ kz¿§-ÿ-\m-°p-∂Xpw \c-
Io-bm-\p-`-h-߃°v hnt[-b-\m-°p-∂Xpw. acn-®-h¿ a\p-jy-cm-bn-Øs∂
]p\¿÷-\n-®mWv ssZh k∂n-[n-bn¬ A¥yhnNm-c-Wbv°v \nev°p-∂Xv.
{]m¿Y-\bpw ip]m¿ibpw Zbm-l-c-Pnbpw ˛ H∂pwXs∂ AhnsS ]cn-K-Wn-
°-s∏-Sp-∂n√. Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-ß-fpsS Aæ-]-cn-tim-[-\bpw \njv]-£hpw
hkvXp-\n-jvThpw kXy-ip-≤-hp-amb hne-bn-cp-Ø-ep-amWv A¥y hn[n-°m-
[m-c-ambn \nev°p-∂Xv.''
ssZh-Øn\v Xs‚ krjvSn-I-fn¬ G‰hpw {]nb-s∏-´-h-\mWv a\p-
jy≥. Ah≥ Acp-Xm-ØXv BN-cn-°-cp-sX∂pw Ah∂v am¿§-{`wiw kw`-
hn-°-cp-sX∂pw ssZh-Øn-∂m-{K-l-ap≠v. \∂mbn Pohn-°m-\p≈ kml-N-
cy-ß-sf√mw Ah≥ a\p-jy\v kΩm-\n®p. t\¿hgn Im´p-hm-\mWv ssZhw
{]hm-N-I≥amsc \ntbm-Kn-®n-´p-≈Xv. ssZh-tØmSv hnt[-bXzw ImWn®v
ssZh-sØ-b-\p-k-cn®v ssZhk∂n[n{]m]n-°p-I-bmWv a\p-jy-\n¬\n∂v
ssZhw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv. Cu cwKØv a\p-jys\ klm-bn-°p-I-bmWv
{]hm-NI ZuXyw. {]hm-N-I-\n-eqsS a\p-jy-cm-in°v ssZhw Xs‚ ktµ-
i-ßsfØn-°p∂p. A\m-bmkw, kpe-fn-X-ambn Ah a\- n-em-°m≥
Hmtcm {]hm-N-I\pw kzk-ap-Zm-b-Øns‚ `mj-bn-emWv kwkm-cn-®Xv. `bw-
sIm-≠-\p-I-cn-°msX Adn-™-\p-k-cn-°m≥ a\p-jy\v Ign-bWw F∂
\njvI¿j-bmWv AXn∂v ]n∂n-e-`n-Z¿in-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
temI-Ønse kIe P\-]-Z-ß-fnepw ssZhw {]hm-N-I≥amsc \ntbm-
Kn-®n-´p≠v. ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn Ah-cp-sS-sb√mw ZuXyw H∂m-bn-cp∂p.
GXv kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ ]nd-∂mepw {]hm-N-I≥am-sc√mw a\p-jy-km-am-\y-
tØm-SmWv kwkm-cn-®Xv. kao-]-\-Øn¬ hyXym-k-߃ It≠-°m-sa-
¶nepw hnNm-c-Ønepw hm°nepw hrØn-bnepw ho£-W-Ønepw Ah-
sc√mw kam-\X ]pe¿Øn. ssZhw a\pjy cq]-Øn-e-h-X-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw
ssZhw a\pjy]p{X-\mbn ]nd-°p-∂p-sh∂pw a\p-jy≥ ssZh-ambn amdp∂p
F∂p-sa-√m-ap≈ hnizmk kao-]-\-ß-tfmSv Ckvemw tbmPn-°p-∂n√.
{]hm-NI
- ≥am-sc√mw kap-∂X- a
- \
-  
- p-Ifpw kmXznI kwkvIm-cØ
- ns‚
A\p-Km-Xm-°-fp-am-bn-cn°pw. Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp {]hm-N-I\pw adn-®√.
114 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
F√m {]hm-N-I≥am-tcmSpw lrZ-b-_‘w kq£n-°p-hm≥ apk¬am≥
_m≤y-ÿ-\mWv. Ah¿ XΩn¬ hep-∏-s®-dp-∏hpw t`Z-Xz-hp-am-tcm-]n-°p-
∂Xv Ckvemw ho£-W-a-\p-k-cn®v Acp-Xm-Ø-XmWv. GsXmcp {]hm-N-I-
s‚bpw \ma-{i-hW am{X-bn¬ At±-lØ - n\pth≠n {]m¿Yn-°m≥ Ckvemw
A\p-im-kn-°p∂p. F∂m¬ A¥y-{]-hm-N-I≥ F∂ \ne-bn¬ apl-ΩZv
\_n-bpsS {]t_m-[-\-ß-fm-bn-cn-°Ww Hcp apk¬ams‚ Pohn-X-am-XrI.
At]-£n-®m-e-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-Sp∂ H∂√ {]hm-N-IXzw. ssZh-t_m-[y-
amWv ]c-a-amb am\-Zfiw. I¿a-{X-b-ß-fn-eqsS Id-I-f™ PohnXw Icp-
∏n-Sn-∏n® alm-a-Xn-I-sf-bmWv {]hm-N-I-Xz-Øn-\mbn ssZhw ]cn-K-Wn-°p-
∂Xv. t`mPy-h-kvXp-°-fpsS sshinjvSyw t]mse-Xs∂ hnf-ºp∂ ]m{X-
ßfpw hnip-≤-am-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂v ssZh-Øn\v \njvI¿i-bp-≠v. Xnc-s™-Sp-
°-s∏-´m¬ Xs‚ ktµiw Nne-t∏mƒ t\cn´pw a‰p Nne-t∏mƒ ZqX-hm-l-
I¿ apJm-¥n-c-hp-amWv ssZhw {]hm-N-I-s∂Øn-°p-∂Xv. AXn km[m-c-
WXzw Imc-W-ambn ssZhnI ktµ-i-߃ Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-´p-t]m-I-cp-
sX∂v IcpXn Akm-[m-c-W-ßfpw Aam-\p-jn-I-ß-fp-amb ZrjvSm-¥-ß-f-
h-X-cn-∏n®v ktµ-i-ßsf i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ ssZhw {ian-°m-dp≠v. kmam-
\y\pw tIhew \nc-£-c-\p-amb apl-Ω-Zn-eqsS Hgp-In-sb-Ønb Xncp-h-N-\-
ß-fn¬ hnkva-bm-Xn-tc-I-ß-fpsS Kncn-in-J-c-߃ ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂Xv
AXp-sIm-≠mWv. kap-∂X hnNm-c-a-Xn-I-fpsS a\- n¬ Jp¿-B≥ Hcp
\nXy-hn-kva-b-ambn h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂Xpw AXn∂v sXfn-hmWv.
]c-k-l{kw {]hm-NI≥am-cp≠v. Ccp-]-Ø-©v t]sc Jp¿-B≥ khn-
tijw A\p-kva-cn-°p∂p. BZw \_n sXm´v Cukm-\_n hscbpw ]ns∂
apl-ΩZv \_nbpw.
BZy-ambn ssZhnI ktµ-ih - p-ambn apl-ΩZ- ns\ kao-]n-®Xv Pn_vco¬
Bbn-cp∂p. Pn_vco¬ Hcp ae-°mWv. a\p-jysc ssZh-Øns‚ B⁄m-\p-
h¿Øn-I-fm°n ]cy-h-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ Hcp hntij hyqlsØ ssZhw
krjvSn-®p-sh-®n-´p≠v. Ah-cmWv ae-°p-Iƒ. ssZh-Øn-s‚bpw a\p-jy-cp-
sSbpw CS-bn-emWv Ah-cpsS I¿a-]Yw; ZuXy-hm-l-I-cm-W-h¿. Aßv A\-
¥-X-bn-setßm Ign-bp∂ ssZh-Øn¬\n∂v Cßv a\p-jy\mb {]hm-N-I\v
ktµ-i-sa-Øn-°p∂ X]m¬°m-cs‚ ZuXy-amWv ae-°p-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-°p-
∂Xv. BImi k©m-c-Øn\v Nnd-Ip-Iƒ A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amWv. AXn-
thKw k©-cn-t°-≠-Xn-\m¬ ae-°p-Iƒ°v ssZh-a-\p-h-Zn® Nnd-Ip-Iƒ
\memWv.
a\p-jys\ aÆpsIm-≠mWv ssZhw krjvSn-®Xv. Pn∂ns\ Xo sIm≠pw.
F∂m¬ ae-°p-Iƒ {]Im-i-Øn¬\n∂pw XoPzm-e-I-fn¬ \n∂pw krjvSn-
°-s∏´p. Cß-s\-bm-sW-¶nepw ae-°p-Iƒ kmam\y a\pjy ZrjvSn°v
hnt[-b-c√. ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂n√ F∂p IcpXn ae-°p-I-fpsS AkvXn-
XzsØ \ntj-[n-°p-∂Xpw icn-b√. \ΩpsS ZrjvSn°v hocyhpw Imchpw
Ipd-hm-sW∂pw Ahbv°v tKmN-c-a-√mØ ]eXpw Cu {]]-©-Øn-ep-
s≠∂pw t_m≤y-s∏-´-h-cmWv \mw. a\pjy_p≤n AYhm imkv{Xw,
\ap°v ImWm\pw tIƒ°m\pw Ign-bmØ ]e-Xn-s\bpw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-
s°m-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. AXp-sIm≠v I≠p-]n-Sn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc Aß-
kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ A\p-jvTm-\-Xew 115
s\-sbm-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂pw, Adn-t™Sw sXm´m-W-h-bp-≠m-b-sX∂pw
]d-bp-∂Xv auVy-amWv.
Is≠-Ønb {]]© {]Xn-`m-k-ß-fn¬ G‰hpw thKw IqSn-bXv {]Im-
i-am-sW∂v \ma-dn-bp∂p. AXn-\m¬ {]Im-i-th-K-am-Wn∂v ]caw. \nan-j-
Øn¬ c≠p-e£ - Øn F¨]-sØ-´m-bncw Intem-ao-‰¿ thK-Xb - n¬ {]Imiw
k©-cn-°p-∂p-≠s{X. At∏mƒ \ΩpsS amwk N£p- p-Iƒ°v {]Im-i-
KXn tKmN-c-am-hm-Ø-Xn¬ AXn-i-b-an√. AXp-sIm≠v {]Imi kzcq-]n-I-
fmb ae-°p-Isf \ap°v ImWm≥ ]‰p-I-bn√ F∂ {]kvXmhw tNmZyw
sNø-s∏-tS-≠-X√. ssZh-Øns‚ ZqX-hm-l-Is\ {]]-©-Ønse G‰hpw
thK-X-bp≈ khn-tij {]Xn-`m-kw-sIm-≠mWv krjvSn-®Xv F∂-dn-bp-
tºmƒ AXns‚ A¿Yu-Nn-Xy-ßfpw bp‡n-`-{Z-Xbpw \sΩ hnkva-b-hn-
h-i-cm-°p∂p.
""F√m kvXpXnbpw A√m-lp-hn\v, ap≥ amXrIbn√msX D]-cn-tem-I-
ß-sfbpw `qansbbpw krjvSn-®-h∂v; ae-°pIsf c≠pw aq∂pw
\mepw Nnd-Ip-I-fp≈ ZqX≥am-cm-°n-b-h∂v; Xm\pt±in°p-∂-Xns\
krjvSn-bn¬ Ah≥ h¿≤n-∏n°pw; F√m-‰n\pw i‡n-bp-≈-h-\mWv
A√mlp.'' ^mØn¿˛1
tIh-e-samcp ZqXhml-I-\n¬ {]Xo-£n-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Nne khn-
ti-j-X-Iƒ ae-°p-I-fn¬ A`n-Z¿in-°-s∏-Sp∂p. hnizm-kn-bpsS a\- n¬
Bizm-k-Øns‚ Ipfn¿ag s]øn-°m≥ t]m∂ hmK-arXw ae-°p-I-fpsS
ssIbn-ep≠v.
""Rß-fpsS \mY≥ A√mlp am{X-am-sW∂v ]d-bp-Ibpw t\cmw-
hÆw Pohn-°p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-cp-sS-b-Sp-°¬ ae-°p-Iƒ Cd-ßn-
hcpw. \n߃ `b-s∏-Sp-Itbm ZpxJn-°p-Itbm th≠m. \nß-tfmSv
hmKvZm\w sNbvX kz¿KwsIm≠v \n߃ kt¥m-jn-°pI. sFlnI
Pohn-X-Ønepw ]c-tem-IØpw R߃ \nß-fpsS an{X-ß-fmWv.
(F∂v Ah¿ ]dbpw.)''
Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS thZ-{K-Ÿ-amWv Jp¿-B≥. ZmhqZv \_n-
bpsS "k¶o¿Ø-\-ßfpw' aqkm-\-_n-bpsS "XudmØpw' Cukm-\-_n-
bpsS "C©oepw' Jp¿-B-\n¬ D≤-cn-®n-´p≠v. a‰v {]hm-N-I≥am-cpsS thZ-
{K-Ÿ-ß-fn¬ Imew Nne ssI{In-b-Iƒ \S-Øn-bn-´p-s≠∂pw ASn-ÿm-\-
]-cX
- b- n¬ am‰-taXpw hcp-ØmsX Imem-Xn-h¿Øn-bm-bn-°g- n-bp∂ k¶o¿Ø-
\-ßfpw XudmØpw C©oepw AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ kXy-hn-izmkn k∂-≤-am-
h-Ws - a∂pw Ah-bp-sS-sb√mw kmc-ka - p-®b
- a
- mWv Jp¿-B≥ F∂pw Ckvemw
Adn-bn-°p∂p.
ssZh hn[n-bn¬ Ah-ew-_n-X-amWv Ckvemw. ssZh hn[nsb {]Xn-
tcm-[n-°m≥ as‰mcp i‡n°pw hsø∂v Ckvemw Dd®phniz-kn-°p∂p.
""ssZhhn[n-°Y - hm `qh-ss\-kvan≥ ss\h IhmS\ntcm[samtcSw'' F∂pw
""hn[nhnlnXtah\pw ewLn-®p-Iq-Sptam'' F∂pw ""Aew-L-\obm Ia-em-
k-\m⁄'' F∂p-ap≈ sNm√p-Iƒ ChnsS A\p-kva-c-Wo-b-ß-fmWv.)
BXy-¥n-I-ambn ssZh hn[n-bmWv Pbn-®p-h-cp-∂-sX-¶nepw Hc-f-thmfw
a\p-jys‚ C—m-i-‡n°pw ssZhw kzmX-{¥y-a-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p≠v.
116 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
DSbXºp-cms‚ ap∂n¬ ASn-a-bm-sW∂ t_m[-tØm-Sp-IqSn k¿h
ka¿∏W {]h-W-ambn ssI sI´n \n∂p-sIm≠v Znh-k-Øn¬ A©p-X-h-
W-sb-¶nepw {]m¿Yn-°m≥ Ckvemw \njvI¿jn-°p-∂p≠v. AwK-ip≤n
hcpØn, hrØn-bp≈ hkv{Xw [cn®v shSp-∏p≈ Hcn-S-Øp-sh®mWv \a-
kvImc I¿aw \n¿∆-ln-t°-≠Xv. kqtcym-Z-b-Øn\p apºpw D®-Xn-cn-bp-t∂-
SØpw. D®-Xn-cn-™ev]w Ign™pw kqcym-kvX-abw Ign™ DS-s\bpw
AkvX-a-b-Øn\p tijw c≠p aWn-°q¿ Ign-™m-ep-amWv \a-kvImcw
km[n-t°-≠Xv. Hcp apk¬ams‚ Aew-Ly-amb I¿am-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fn-sem-
∂m-WnXv. bp≤w, tcmKw, bm{X apX-emb Aku-I-cy-ß-fp-≠m-Ip-tºmƒ
Aev]w sshIn-bp-amImw. Cu ]© t\c-ß-fn¬ temI-sØ-hn-sS-bp-ap≈
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ IA-v_-°-`n-ap-J-am-sb-t∂m-W-amWv \a-kvIm-c-am-N-cn-
°p-∂X.v AXn-hn-in-jvS-amb, Bflo-b-amb, km¿h-eu-In-I-amb Hcp DZv{K-
Y-\-hr-Øn-bmbn Ckvemw CXns\ ]cn-K-Wn-°p∂p. temI-apk¬ams‚
lrZ-b-ßsf kw_-‘n-∏n-°p∂ sshIm-cn-I-amb Hcp kph¿W irwJ-e-
bm-WnXv. \a-kvImcw Fhn-sS-sh-®p-amhmw. F∂m¬ ]hn-{X-X-a-amb ]≈n-
bn¬ sh®v kaq-l-ambn \n∂v {]m¿Yn-°p-∂Xv AXy¥w A`n-Im-ay-ambn
Ckvemw Icp-Xp∂p. sh≈n-bm-gvN-I-fnse "PpapA' {]m¿Y\ {]tXyI
{]m[m-\y-a¿ln-°p∂p. {]m¿Y-\m-Im-e-a-dn-bn-°m-\mWv _m¶p-hnfn.
ssZh-I-ev]\ \nd-th-‰p-hm≥th≠n a\p-jy≥ Xs‚ ASn-ÿm-\m-h-
iy-߃t]mepw kwXy-Pn-°p-hm≥ Xøm-dm-sW∂v {]Jym-]n-°p∂ Hcm-fl-
kw-kvI-cW ]cn-]mSn F∂ \ne-bn¬ Ckvemw {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-ßsf hnin-
jvS-am-bn-°m-Wp∂p. Ckvem-anI kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ kp{]-[m-\-amb \mev
I¿am-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fmWv \a-kvIm-chpw {hXhpw (D]-hmkw), k°mØpw
l÷pw. I¿a ]m]-ß-fn¬\n∂v hnc-an®v (D]m-h¿Ø\w sNbvXv) KpW-ß-
tfm-sSmØp hkn-°pI F∂-XmWv D]-hmkw AYhm {hXw.
D]m-hr-Øky ]mt] t`ym
bkvXp-hmtkm KpssWx kl
D]-hmkw khn-t⁄bx
k¿h-t`mK hnh¿÷nXx
AXn-\m¬ ]cn-]q¿W-amb A®-S-°hpw \nb-{¥-Whpw ioen-°p-I-
bmWv {hXm-\p-jvTm-\Ø
- ns‚ hn`m-hnX e£yw F∂v kn≤n-°p∂p. Ckvemw
kwkvIm-c-a-\p-k-cn®v {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-߃ aq∂v hn[-Øn-ep≠v.
1. \n¿∫‘ D]-hmkw
dwkm≥ amk-Ønse {hX-aXmWv.
2. sFOnI {hXw
{]Jym-X-amb c≠v s]cp-∂mƒ Znh-k-ß-fn-semgn®v a‰v ]e-t∏m-gmbn
\n¿h-ln-°m-hp∂ {hX-am-WXv.
3. {]mb-›n-tØm-]-hmkw
ITn-\-amb Ip‰-߃°p≈ {]Xn-hn-[n-bm-WXv. Jp¿B≥ c≠m-a-≤ym-
b-Ønse 196˛mw hmIyw {]mb-›n-tØm-]-hm-k-sØ-°p-dn-®mWv ]cm-a¿in-
°p-∂Xv.
ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂n¬ ka-kvX-t`m-tK-—-Ifpw `£-W-]m-\o-b-ßfpw
kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ A\p-jvTm-\-Xew 117
Dt]-£n-°pI F∂-XmWv D]-hm-k-Øns‚ s]mcpƒ. ico-tc-—-Iƒ°v ASn-
a-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-I-sb∂ Dd® \n›-b-tØmsS thWw D]-hm-k-Øn-te¿s∏-
Sp-∂Xv. {]`mXw apX¬ {]tZmjw hsc `£-W-]m-\o-b-߃ ]q¿Æ-ambpw
Hgn-hm-°Ww. am\-kn-I-amb hnip-≤nbpw {]ap-J-amWv. `£-W-]m-\o-b-ß-
fp-]-tbm-Kn-®m¬ {hXw `wK-s∏-Sp-sa-∂-Xp-t]mse at\m-am-en-\y-߃ D]hm-
k-Øns‚ D¬Ir-jvS-e-£ysØ sISp-Øn-°-f-bp-Ibpw sNøpw. imco-cn-
Ihpw am\-kn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb hcn-jvS-e-£y-ß-tfm-sS-bmWv D]-
hmkw Ckvem-an¬ IjvSn-®n-´p-≈Xv.
k°mØv F∂ ]Z-Øn\v ip≤o-I-cWw F∂mWv hnh£. sImSp-
t°≠ Af-hn¬ bYm¿lw k°mØv sImSpØp Ign-™m¬ Ah-ti-jn-
°p∂ kºØv aX-]-c-ambpw \nb-a-]-c-ambpw ip≤-am-bn-Øo¿∂p F∂mWv
k¶ev]w. D≈-h≥ C√m-Ø-h\v \¬Ip∂ HuZm-cy-a√ k°mØv. kaqlw
AXn∂v Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´-h¿ aptJ\ ]ncn-s®-SpØv s]mXp-\n-[n-bn¬
\nt£-]n-°p-Ibpw Bh-iym-\p-kc - Ww kaq-l\ - ∑- bv°
- mbn AX¿ln-°p∂
P\-]-Z-߃°n-S-bn¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-Ibpw sNtø≠ H∂m-WXv. AXv Hcm-
cm-[-\-bpsS AXn-Zn-hy-amb A\p-jvTm-\-amWv. klm-btam kuP-\ytam
A\p-`-hn-t°≠n hcp-tºm-gp-≠m-Im-hp∂ A]-I¿j-t_m[w AhnsS D]-
t`m-‡m-hn-\p-≠m-Ip-∂n√. D]-t`m-‡m-hns‚ ap∂n¬ \¬Ip-∂-h\v taem-
fXz t_m[-Øns‚ amen-\y-ß-fp-ap-≠m-hp-∂n√.
Hcp apk¬am≥ hnizm-k-]-c-amb ]q¿ÆX ssIh-cn-°p-∂Xv l÷v
I¿a-Øns‚ A\p-jvTm-\-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bmWv. Pohn-X-]q¿Æ-Xbv°v AX-\n-
hm-cy-am-sW∂v apk¬am≥ Icp-Xp∂p. Zp¬l-÷vamkw 8˛\v XpSßn 12˛\v
Ah-km-\n-°p∂ awK-f-th-f-bn¬, a°-bn¬ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS hniz-Ip-
Spw_w ka-\z-bn-°p-Ibpw GI-ssZ-h-Øns‚ Xncp-kva-c-W-bn¬ A¥-cw-K-
hn-ip-≤n- ssIh-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ A\p-jvTn®p
t]mcp∂ l÷v I¿aw t]mse kp\n-b-Xhpw {Iao-Ir-Xhpw Bflo-b-{]-
`mhw \nd-™p-h-gn-bp-∂-Xp-amb as‰mcp aXm-Nmcw hniz-kw-kvIr-Xn-bn¬
Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°p-hm-\n√. ]gp-Xp-I-f-S®v ]cn-`-{Z-am-°nb, A¿∞-]q¿Æhpw
{]Xo-Im-fl-I-hp-amb BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fmWv AhnsS \S-°p-∂Xv. a°-
bpsS Bdv \mgnI Zqscsh®v, Xs∂ hyXn-cn-‡-\m-°p∂ km[m-c-W-h-
kv{X-ß-fp-t]-£n®v, \·-]m-Z-\mbn \{a-in-c-kv°-\mbn hnizmkn apt∂m´v
\oßp∂p. Ggv {]mhiyw IA-v_sb hewshbv°p∂p. C{_mlnw \_n-
bpsS ]≈n kµ¿in-°p∂p. Ncn-{X-ap-d-ßp∂ k^m a¿hm-Ip-∂p-Iƒ Ggv
{]mhiyw Ib-dn-bn-d-ßp∂p. Ad-^-bpsS k∂n-[n-bn-se-Øp∂p. aX-`m-
jWw {i≤n®v a\x-{]-£m-f\w km[n-°p∂p. {]hm-N-Is‚ hnS-hm-߬
{]kw-K-Øn-em-h-iy-s∏´ hcn-jvS-Po-hn-X-[¿aw A\p-kva-cn-°p∂p. ZrV-a-\-
 mbn kzbw amdn, an\m-bn¬s®∂v kvXq]-{X-b-߃°p t\sc Is√-dn-
bp∂p. hnip-≤n-bpsS ]pØ≥ {]Xo-I-ß-fmbn, km¿h-eu-InI kmtlm-Z-
cy-Øns‚ a[p-\p-W™v temI-a-\- ns‚ Xncp-hp-Z-b-Øn\v {]m¿∞n®v
\mep-\mƒ a°-bn¬ {]im-¥n-bpsS A¥-co-£-Øn¬ a\- -S-°n-°-gn™v
aZo-\-bn¬s®∂v {]hm-N-Is‚ ih-Ip-Socw Z¿in®v ]pXnb {]Xn-⁄-bp-am-
bn-Øn-cn-°p∂p. {]tZiw, `mj, BNm-ca-cym-Z-Iƒ, Blm-c-co-Xn-Iƒ, Pohn-
118 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
X-k-{º-Zm-b-߃, B¿∞nI ]cn-K-W-\-Iƒ, hep-∏-s®-dp-∏-߃ XpS-ßnb
t`Z-`m-h-\-Iƒ˛Rms\∂ `mhw t]mepw ˛Aen-™-en-™n-√m-Xm-bn-Øo-
cp∂ B ssZh-km-{am-Py-Øn¬\n∂v ]p\¿÷-\n-°p∂ lmPn-am¿ kXy-hn-
izm-k-Øns‚ A·n-i-em-I-I-fmbn kztZ-i-tØ°v Xncn-t°-≠-h-cmWv.
AXmWv kXy-th-Z-a-\p-im-kn-°p-∂Xv.
22
Adn-hns‚ ap∂n¬ kmZcw kXy-thZw
]≠p-Im-eØv aXm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ hnZy-tbmSpw hn⁄m-\-tØmSpw DZm-cX
ImWn-®n-cp-∂n√. temI-sØ-hn-sSbpw Aß-s\-bm-bn-cp∂p. hnti-jn®pw
]m›m-Xy-\m-Sp-I-fn¬ Ah-cpsS s]cp-am‰w {Iqchpw lo\-hp-am-bn-cp∂p.
hnZy-bpsS hnIm-k-Øn¬, Adn-hns‚ apt∂-‰-Øn¬, Xß-fpsS AkvXn-Xz-
Øns‚ ASn-∏-S-hn-f-In-tb-°ptam F∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah¿ `b-s∏-´Xv. AXp-
sIm≠v hnZy-bpsS hmXm-b-\-ß-f-S-bv°p-hm\pw Nn¥m kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚
Xncn apdn-s®-dn-bm\pw Ah¿ Pm{KX ]men®p. a[y \q‰m-≠p-I-fn-emWv
CXns‚ sImSpw {Iqc-X-IƒI≠v temIw Gsd sR´n-bXv.
{]IrXnimkv{X-⁄-∑m-cpsS Nn¥m-]-Y-sØ-bmWv Ah-tcsd Bi-
¶-tbmsS ho£n-®Xv. Ah-cpsS bm{X `wK-an-√msX XpS¿∂m¬ ChnsS
ssZh-Øns‚ t]cn¬ sI´n-s∏m-°nb BNmc hnizm-k-ßfpw {Ia-Øn¬
Xß-fpsS \ne-\n-ev]p-t]mepw A]-IS- Ø- n-em-Ip-sa∂v `b∂ ]utcm-lnXyw,
]≈n- h-f¿Øn-sb-SpØ hnizm-km-Nm-cß - ƒs°-Xnsc Nn¥n-°p-∂X - p-t]mepw
Ip‰-I-c-ambn {]Jym-]n®p. N¿®ns‚ {]Jym-]-\-߃s°-Xnsc \oßp∂
"[n°m-cnI'sf Ip‰-hn-Nm-c-W-sb∂ {]l-k-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am°n ISpØ
in£ \evIm≥ {]tXyIw tImS-Xn-Iƒ t]mepw A∂v cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
cp∂p. Xs‚ ZrjvSn-bn¬ `qan Dcp-≠-Xm-sW∂v t_m[y-s∏´ imkv{X-⁄≥
kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ A\p-jvTm-\-Xew 119
A°mcyw ]pdØp ]d-™-t∏mƒ AXv A£-¥-hy-amb A]-cm-[-ambn amdp-
Ibpw At±lw Xobn-se-dn™v sIm√-s∏´ Zpc-h-ÿ-tbmfw Imcy-߃
\oßp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Poh-t\msS Nps´-cn-°-s∏´ imkv{X-Im-c≥am¿, Db-
c-ß-fn¬\n∂v Xmtg°v hen-s®-dn-b-s∏-´-Xp-Im-cWw ]nS-™p-a-cn-t°-≠n-
h∂ _p≤n-Po-hn-Iƒ˛A°me Ncn-{X-Øns‚ aqI-km-£n-I-fmWv. kzX-{¥-
amb _u≤nI hym]mcw Xß-fm-h¿Øn-°p-Ibn-s√∂v A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS
ka£w tcJ-s∏-SpØn am∏n-c∂v c£-s∏´ ]ecpw A∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p.
]≈nbpw aXm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw A{]-am-ZnXzw Ah-Im-i-s∏´pt]m∂ Ime-am-bn-
cp∂p AXv. aX-]c - a
- mb A®-S°w GXv kaq-lØ - nepw Hc-ft- hmfw \njvI¿jn-
°-s∏-´n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw ⁄m\-hn-⁄m-\-߃°pw Nn¥m kzmX-{¥y-
Øn\pw XS-bn-Sm-\m-h-iy-s∏´v Hscm‰ aX-Z¿i-\hpw temI-Øn-t∂mfw Ah-
Xo¿W-am-bn-´n√. aX-Øns‚ ]mem-gn-bn¬ ]utcm-lnXyw \™p-I-e-°n-b-
t∏m-gmWv Cu Zpc-h-ÿ-bp-≠m-bXv.
Imem-¥-c-Øn¬ {Inkv{Xob aX-cw-KØv Akzmÿyw Ccp-≠p-Iq-
Sm≥ XpSßn. tNmZyw-sN-bvXp-sIm≠v Hcp hn`mKw apt∂m-´p-h∂p. s{]m´-
Âp-Im-cpsS cwK-{]-Xy-£-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. aXw hne-°n-b-Xp-Im-cWw
\n»-_vZ-cm-bn-°-gn-bp∂ hnNm-c-a-Xn-I-fpsS a\- -dn-bm≥ Ign™ s{]m´-
Âp-Im¿ Nn¥m kzmX-{¥ysØ s]m°n-∏n-Sn-®p-sIm≠v {]Nm-c-th-e-bm-cw-
`n®p. AXv ]e-scbpw BI¿jn-®p. Hcp L´-sa-Øn-b-t∏mƒ N¿®ns‚ k¶p-
NnX Xm¬]-cy-߃s°-Xnsc hnizm-kn-Iƒ {]Xn-I-cn-°m≥ XpSßn. hnZy-
bp-sSbpw hn⁄m-\-Øn-s‚bpw hn`mX Im¥n bqtdm-∏n-emsI {]k-cn-®p-
Xp-Sßn. imkv{Xhpw kzX-{¥-Nn-¥bpw CXƒ hnS¿∂p-Xp-Sßn.
A°m-eØv imkv{X-Im-c≥am-cpsS a\- n¬ ]q¿hm-\p-`-h-߃ De-bq-
´nb {]Xn-Im-cm·n Bfn-°-Øm≥ XpS-ßntbm F∂v Nne Ncn-{X-Im-c≥am¿
kwi-bn-®n-´p≠v. aX-Øn-s\-Xnsc bp‡n-]q¿h-I-amb ka¿Y\ {ia-amWv
imkv{X-Im-c≥am-cpsS `mK-Øp-\n-∂p-≠m-b-sX-¶nepw Ahbv°v Xo{hX
sImSp-°m≥ a\ v \nd-™p-\nev°p∂ {]Xn-Im-c-Øns‚ Xos∏mcn klm-
b-Ia- m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂p-thWw Icp-Xm≥. aX-ap-b¿Øn hf¿Øn-t∏m∂ hnizm-
k-߃°pw BNm-c-߃°p-sa-Xnsc Ah¿ i‡n-bp‡w i_vZ-ap-b¿Øn.
aXw a\p-jys\ {]mIr-Xm-hÿ - b
- n-te°v hen-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-hp-Ib - m-sW∂v
Ah¿ hmZn®p. A]cn-jvIrX a\p-jys‚ hnI-e-amb am\-kn-Im-hÿ hc-
s®m-cp-°n-b-XmWv aX-I-ev]-\-I-sf∂pt]mepw Ah¿ hmZn®p. aXw bmYm-
ÿn-Xn-Ihpw A]-cn-jvIr-X-hp-amb H∂m-sW∂v {]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ah¿°v
Ign™p. aX-\h - o-Ic - W
- Ø
- n-\∏
- p-dØv aX-\n-tj-[Ø- ns‚ N{I-hm-ft- Ømfw
D—ywJ-e-amb Nn¥m-kzmX{¥yw NndIp hnS¿Øn F∂Xpw kXy-amWv.
A°m-esØ imkv{X-th-Zn-I-fpsS a\- -dn-bm≥ t]mIp∂ Hcp ]cm-a¿i-ap-
Zm-l-cn°mw:
19˛mw \q‰m-≠n¬ {]kn-≤o-Ir-X-amb emtdm-kns‚ k¿h hn⁄m\
tImi-Øn¬ aXm-[y-£≥amsc ]cm-a¿in-°p∂ `mKØv Cßs\ ImWmw:
""_p≤n°v \nc-°mØ Imcy-߃ hniz-kn-°m≥ a\p-jy≥ \n¿_-‘n-
X-\m-sW∂v \mw ]d-bp-tºmƒ AcpXv F∂v Ah¿ ]dbpw. F∂n´v \∑bpw
Xn≥abpw \oXnbpw A\o-Xnbpw hnth-Nn-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v kzbw Ah-
120 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Im-i-s∏-Sp∂ _p≤nsb ssIb-S-°m≥ Ah¿ {ian-°p∂p. Cßs\ A¤p-
X-߃ km[m-cW kw`-h-ß-fmbpw shfp∏v Idp-∏mbpw \oNXzw A¥-
 mbpw a\- n-em-°Ø° ]cp-h-Øn¬ _p≤n-bp-sSbpw Dƒ°m-gvN-bp-
sSbpw IÆv sI´n-b-tijw P\-ß-tfmSv A\p-k-cn-°m≥ Ah¿ Iev]n-
°p∂p. R߃ GX-\p-k-cn-°Ww, _p≤n-sbtbm {]IrXn kl-P-amb
IS-a-I-sftbm am\-knI {]tNm-Z-\-ß-sftbm a\p-jy∂v KpW-I-c-amb
XØz-ß-sftbm GXn-s\-bm-W-\p-k-cn-t°-≠Xv F∂v tNmZn-°p-tºmƒ
Ah-cpsS DØcw "A√, \o IÆv NnΩn A\p-k-cn-°pI' F∂m-bn-cn°pw.''
Bbni \nth-Z\w sNbvX Hcp lZokv Camw _pJmcn Cßs\ D≤-
cn-°p∂p:
lndm Kpl-bn-en-cn-°p∂ Znh-k-ß-fn¬ CS-bv°nsS Xncp-ta\n Nne
kz]v\-߃ ImWp-am-bn-cp∂p. ]n∂oSv kz]v\-߃ km£m¬°-cn-°s∏-´-
Xp-t]m-ep≈ A\p-`h - ß
- f- p-≠mbn. AXm-h¿Øn®psIm≠n-cp∂p. Hcp cm{Xn
Xncp-ta\n lndm-Kp-l-bn-en-cn-°p-tºmƒ Pn_vco¬ apl-Ω-Zns\ kao-]n®p.
""hmbn-°pI'' F∂m-h-iy-s∏´p. apl-ΩZv X\n°v hmbn-°m-\-dn-bn-s√∂v
{]Xyp-Øcw \evIn. At∏mƒ ae°v apl-Ω-Zns\ KmVm-enw-K\w sNbvXp.
F∂n´v ho≠pw hmbn-°pI F∂m-h-iy-s∏´p. At∏mgpw BZy-sØ-t∏m-se-
Øs∂, X\n°v hmbn-°m-\-dn-bn-s√∂v apl-ΩZv adp-]Sn \evIn. CXv aq∂p-
h´w Bh¿Øn-°-s∏´p. XpS¿∂v hmIy-߃ hmbn-°-s∏´p. Jp¿-B-\nse
96˛ mw A[ym-b-Øns‚ Bcw-`-Øn¬ ""CJvd-Av'' F∂p XpS-ßp∂ H∂p-ap-
X¬ A©p-h-sc-bp≈ hmIy-߃. B hmIy-ß-fpsS A¿∞Xe-an-XmWv:
k¿h krjvSn Pme-ß-sfbpw krjvSn® \ns‚ c£n-Xm-hns‚ \ma-
Øn¬ hmbn-°pI˛a\p-jys\ H´n-∏n-Sn® H∂n¬\n∂mWv Ah≥ krjvSn-®n-
cn-°p-∂Xv˛hmbn-°pI, t]\-sIm≠v Fgp-Xm≥ ]Tn-∏n® AXyp-Zm-c-\mWv
\ns‚ c£n-Xmhv˛Adn-hn-√mØ Imcy-߃ Ah≥ a\p-jy∂v ]Tn-∏n-®p-sIm-
Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂p.
A∂sØ Ad_v P\-X-sb-am-{X-a√, A[x-]-X\ Iq]-Øn-em-≠p-In-S-
°p∂ GXv P\-hn-`m-K-sØbpw D≤-cn-°m-s\m-cp-ßp-tºmƒ G‰hpw BZy-
ambn sNtø-≠Xv hnZym-`ym-khpw AXns‚ {]mY-an-tIm-]m-[n-bmb A£c
⁄m\hpw {]N-cn-∏n-°-em-sW∂p ImWmw. A£-c-⁄m-\-an-√mX Hcp P\-
Xsb at‰Xp hn[-Øn¬ D≤-cn-°m≥ {ian-®mepw hnP-bn-°pI-bn√ F∂mWv
D]-cyp-≤r-X-amb A\p-`hw ]tcm-£-ambn hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-∂Xv. a\pjy
PohnXw Fhn-sS-\n-∂m-cw-`n®p, a\p-jy≥ apºv GX-h-ÿ-bn-em-bn-cp∂p,
Fß-s\-bmWv ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn ]ptcm-K-an®v C∂sØ ÿnXn-bn-se-Øn-bXv
F∂o bmYm¿Yy-߃ Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°p-hm≥ A√mlp apl-Ω-Zns\ D]-tZ-
in®p. Hcp c‡-IWw am{X-am-bn-cp∂ a\p-jy≥ ]Sn-]-Sn-bmbn hf¿∂v
C∂sØ \ne {]m]n-s®-¶n¬ arK-Xp-ey-\mbn Pohn®v A[x-]-Xn®p InS∂
a\p-jy\v A£-cm-`ymkw t\Sn ]Sn-]S- n-bmbn hf¿∂v ta¬t∏m´v hcm≥ Ign-
bp-sa-∂mWv A√mlp Xncp-ta-\nsb DW¿Øp-∂Xv. CXv am-{X-a√, t]\-
sIm-s≠-gp-Xm\pw ]Tn-°m\pw ]Tn-∏n-°m\pw A√mlp sNbvXp-sh-®n-cn-
°p∂ hyhÿ Ahs‚ al-Ømb HuZm-cyhpw A\p-{K-l-hp-am-sW∂pw
121
AXv {Kln-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv henb a≠-Ø-c-am-sW∂pw A√mlp Xncp-ta-
\nsb DW¿Øp∂p. Npcp-°-Øn¬, Jp¿-B≥ G‰hpw BZy-ambn Xncp-ta-
\n-tbbpw a\p-jy-cm-in-tbbpw DZvt_m-[n-∏n-®Xv Adn-hns‚ Hu¬Ir-jvSy-
sØ-bmWv. At∏mƒ A£-cm-`ym-k-Øn\pw ⁄m\-hn-⁄m-\-߃°pw
Jp¿-B≥ \evIp∂ {]m[m\yw A\p‡ kn≤am-Wt√m.
GIXz kn≤m-¥-amWv (XuloZv) Jp¿-Bs‚ Bfl-`mhw. "A√m-lp-
A-√msX thsdmcp ssZh-an-s√∂pw apl-ΩZv Ahs‚ ZqX-\m-sW∂pw
Rm≥ km£yw hln-°p∂p.' CXmWv Hcp apk¬ams‚ kXy-{]-Xn⁄.
Zriy-ßfpw AZr-iy-ßf - p-amb {]IrXn {]Xn-`m-kß
- sf a\- n-em°n hntij
_p≤n-sIm≠v hni-Ie - \ - w-sNbvXv hne-bn-cpØn kI-em-¥c - ym-an-bmb ssZh-
-sa∂ D◊sb Is≠Øn GI-Xz-t_m[w ]q¿Wambpw km£m¬°-cn-
°m≥ Adn-hp-≈-h\v am{Xta km[n°q F∂v kqNn-∏n-°p∂ \nc-h[n lZo-
kp-I-fp≠v. Bflm¿Y-amb D’m-lhpw ⁄m\-Xr-jvWbpw sIm≠m¿Pn®
AKm[ ⁄m\-amWv bYm¿YØn¬ Hcp-hs\ ssZh-`-b-ap-≈-h-\m-°n-
Øo¿°p-∂Xv. ⁄m\-hn-⁄m-\ß - f- psS AKm-[X h¿[n-°p-t¥mdpw ssZh-
`bw IqSn- ° q- S n- h - c p∂p F∂mWv hnNm- c - a - X n- I - f - d n- b n- ° p- ∂ Xv .
⁄m\hn⁄m\ Xe-ß-fn¬ AKm-[X t\Sn-b-h¿ am{Xta ssZh-kr-jvSn-
bnepw {]m]-©nI \nb-a-ß-fnepw kp\n-›n-XXzw Z¿in-°p-∂p≈q. ssZh-
Øns‚ hnkvab - m-flI sshNn-{Xy-anb∂ {]IrXn kwhn-[m-\ß - f - n¬ Ah≥
Akm-[m-c-W-amb _p≤n-{]-`m-hhpw `mh\m hnem-khpw Z¿in-°p∂p. B
t_m[w, krjvSn-I¿Øm-hns‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw \nev°m\pw {]Wm-
a-a¿∏n-°m\pw Ahs\ \n¿_-‘n-X-\m-°n-Øo¿°p∂p. Adn-hns‚ ^e-
amb ssZh-`bw Xulo-Zn¬ Du∂n-\nev°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS IÆp-
I-fn¬ sXfn-™p-ImWmw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ Cßs\ ]d-
-™Xv:
""\n›-b-ambpw A√m-lp-hns‚ Zmk≥am-cn¬ Ahs\ icn-bmbn `b-
s∏-Sp-∂-h¿ ⁄m\w kºm-Zn-®-h-cmWv.'' (35:28)
hnZy°pw hnZym-{]-Nm-c-W-Øn\pw Ckvemw {]mapJyw \evIn. hntij
_p≤n-°p≈ C‘\w hnZy-bm-sW∂v Ckvemw tLmjn®p. a\p-jys\
]q¿W-X-bn-te-°p-b¿Øp∂ al-Ømb Du¿Pw hnZy-bn¬\n-∂m-WpZv`n-∂-
am-hp-∂-sX∂v Ckvemw {]t_m-[n-∏n®p.
\yqtbm¿°v k¿h-I-em-im-e-bnse s{]m^-kdm-bn-cp∂ Uvdo_¿
Xs‚ "imkv{Xhpw aXhpw XΩn-ep≈ kwL-´\w' F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬
Cßs\ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v:
""F.Un. 638˛¬ Ae-Ivkm-≠vdnb Iogvs∏-Sp-Øn-b-tXmsS apkvenw-
Iƒ imkv{X-]-T-\-Øn¬ G¿s∏´pXpSßn. AXm-bX,v apl-ΩZv \_n acn®v
Bdv h¿jw Ign-™-tijw. Ac \q‰m≠v ]n∂n-´n√, F√m {Ko°v imkv{X
{KŸ-ßfpw Ah¿ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ibpw Ah-bv°v A¿l-amb ÿm\w
Iev]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. F.Un. 813˛¬ `cWw aA-vaqs‚ ssII-fn¬ h∂-
t∏mƒ temI-Ønse apJy hn⁄m\ tI{µw˛Xe-ÿm\w˛ _mKvZm-Zm-bn-
Øo¿∂p. Jeo^ AhnsS FÆ-a‰ {KŸ-߃ tiJ-cn-°p-Ibpw imkv{X-
⁄≥am¿°v ÿm\-am-\-߃ \evIn _lp-am-\n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. (Cu
122 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
kp{]-[m\ imkv{Xob apt∂-‰-Øns‚ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ apgp-h≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øm≥ Cu IrXn-bn¬ HXp-ßp-I-bn√.) ]ucm-WnI imkv{X-ßsf hn]p-
ehpw KWy-hp-amb tXmXn¬ Ah¿ hnI-kn-∏n-s®-Sp-°p-Ibpw C√m-Xn-cp∂
]e \ho\ imkv{X-߃°pw P≥aw \evIp-Ibpw sNbvXp-sh-∂v Npcp-°n-
∏-dbmw.''
""Ncn-{X-Øns‚ sh≈n-Øn-c-bn¬ Ad-_n-Iƒ {]Xy-£-s∏-´n-cp-∂ns√-
¶n¬ bqtdm-∏ns‚Xs∂ Db¿sØ-gp-t∂¬]v At\I \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ sshIn-
tbt\'' F∂ s{]m^. sse_-dn-bp-sS -hm-°p-Iƒ ChnsS D≤-c-Wm¿l-
amWv.
Jp¿-B≥ _p≤n hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m≥ Du∂n-∏-d-™Xp-sIm≠v apkvenw-
Iƒ B hgn-bn¬ apt∂-dp-Ibpw hn⁄m-\-Øns‚ \mb-IXzw hln-°m≥
{]m]vX-cm-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp. Atd-_y≥ P\X _p≤n-hym-]m-c-ß-fn¬,
⁄m\-hn-⁄m\ taJ-e-I-fn¬ {it≤-b-amb Fs¥-¶nepw kw`m-h-\-Iƒ
AXn\papºv \n¿h-ln-®-Xmbn Ncn-{X-tc-J-I-fn-en√. A{X-bp-a√, bp‡n-c-
ln-X-ßfpw Aim-kv{Xo-b-ß-fp-amb BNm-c˛-hn-izm-k-ß-fpsS h‡m-°-
fm-bmWv Jpssd-in-I-fn¬ hen-sbmcp hn`mKw Adn-b-s∏-´n-cp-∂Xv. ""A£-
c-⁄m-\-an-√mØ Ad_v P\-ßsf A√m-lp-hns‚ ZrjvSm-¥-߃ hmbn-
®p-tIƒ∏n-°pIbpw AXp-hgn Ah-cn¬ kwkvImcw hf¿Øp-Ibpw Ahsc
thZhpw XØz-ßfpw A`y-kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-hm≥ th≠n Ah-cn¬
\n∂p-X-s∂-bp≈ Hcp ZqXs\ Ab-®-h-\m-W-h≥. CXn∂p apºv Ah¿
hy‡-amb hgn-tI-Sn¬Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p'' (62:2)
⁄m\-hn-⁄m-\-߃ {]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw kwkvI-c-Whpw ip≤o-I-
c-Whpw km[n-°p-I-bp-amWv {]hm-N-I-ZuXyw. Ckvemw ktµ-i-Øns‚
A¿[`mKw hn⁄m-\hpw ]cm¿[w kwkvI-c-Whpw ip≤o-I-c-W-hp-am-
sW∂v kq£va-Zr-°p-Iƒ°v I≠-dn-bm-hp-∂-XmWv. Adn-hn-s‚bpw Bfl
hnip-≤n-bp-sSbpw A\n-hm-cyX, A\p-t]-£-Wo-bX C{X-ta¬ i‡-ambn
ka¿Yn®, bp‡-nk-l-ambn {]t_m-[n-∏n® as‰mcp aX-an√.
Ckvemw hn`m-h\w sNøp∂ Adnhv aX-]-c-amb Adnhv am{X-a√, a\-
 nse A‘-Im-csØ hn]m-S\w sNøm≥ t]mcp-∂-sX√mw Ckvem-ans‚
ho£-W-Øn¬ hnZy-bmWv. {]]© hkvXp-°-sf√mw ssZh-Øns‚ Ic-hn-
cp-Xp-I-fmWv, k¿§ ku`m-Ky-ß-fmWv ˛ Ah-bn-se√mw ssZh-Øns‚
i‡n kzm[o-\-X-Iƒ {]I-S-am-bn-°mWmw. AXv t_m[y-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ kI-
em-[n-\m-Y\- mb ssZh-Øns‚ aln-am-hp-Is
- f-°p-dn-®d
- n-bm\pw Bkz-Zn-°m\pw
ssZh-t_m[w ZrV-X-c-am-°m\pw klm-bn°pw.
aX-hn-⁄m\w, a\x-imkv{Xw, kmaq-lnIimkv{Xw, {]Ir-Xn-imkv{Xw,
`qan-imkv{Xw, kky-imkv{Xw, Ncn{Xw˛F√mw Cuiz-tcm≥ap-J-amb ]T-\
-\n-co-£-W-߃°v hnt[-b-am-°-W-sa∂v Jp¿B≥ A\p-im-kn-°p∂p.
_p≤n-bp-sSbpw a\- n-s‚bpw lrZ-b-Øn-s‚bpw ÿqeico-c-Øn-s‚bpw
t]mepw hym]m-c-ß-sf√mw k¿th-izc t_m[y-Øn-\mbpw Cuiz-cm¿∏-W-
Øn-∂mbpw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°-W-sa-∂mWv Ckvem-anI kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS A¥-
 mcw. {]]-©-Ønse ka-kvXhpw Cuiz-c-_-‘nbpw Cuiz-tcm-∑p-J-hp-
amWv. Adn-hn\v ssZhnI ]cn-thjw \evIn AXns\ D]m-kn-°m≥ Jp¿-
Adn-hns‚ ap∂n¬ kmZcw kXy-thZw 123
B≥ DZvt_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p. Adnhv D≈n-sem-Xp°n kwXr]vXn sIm≈pI
F∂ \b-a√ Ckvemw hnizm-kn-I-f-\p-h¿Øn-®n-´p-≈Xv. Ah¿ A∂v F√m
A¿Y-Ønepw Adn-hns‚ D]m-k-I-cm-bn-cp∂p. kXy-thZw {]N-cn-∏n-°m≥
apkvenw-Iƒ cmPym-¥-cob k©mcw \S-Øn-b-t∏mƒ ⁄m\ hn⁄m\
iI-e-߃ kam-l-cn-°m\pw {ian-®p-t]m∂p. In´m-hp-t∂-S-tØmfw {KŸ-
߃ ]e \mSp-I-fn¬\n-∂p-ambn kw`-cn®p. Kth-j-W-߃ \SØn Ah-
bpsS {]hn-im-e-X-I-fn-te°v IS-∂p-sN∂p. ssZthm-]m-k\ F∂ \ne-
bn¬ CXn-∂mbn Bh-iy-am-b{X [\w hn\n-tbm-Kn®p. {Koknepw tdmanepw
am{X-am-bn-cp∂p A°m-ew-hsc Adn-hns‚ {]Imiw {]k-cn-®p-\n-∂n-cp-∂Xv.
CtXmsS Ing-°≥ \mSp-I-fn¬ shfn-®-sam-gpIn. CuPn]vXv {]Im-i-Øns‚
\mSmbn. kndn-b-bnepw t]¿jy-bnepw ssN\-bnepw AXv ]c-s∂m-gpIn.
Aß-s\-sbmcp \thm-∞m\w km£m¬°cn-°-s∏´p.
kUn-√‰v Xs‚ Ad_v Ncn{Xw F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Cßs\ tcJ-s∏-
Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v:
""a≤y \q‰m-≠p-I-fn¬ imkv{X-Ønepw XØz-Nn-¥-bnepw apkvenw-
Iƒ IpØ-I-°m-cm-bn-cp∂p. Imep-Ip-Øn-tb-S-sØ√mw Ah¿ AXv {]N-cn-
∏n®p. Ah-cn¬\n∂v AXv bqtdm-∏n-te°v hym]n-®p. bqtdm-∏ns‚ \thm-
∞m-\-Øn\pw Db¿®bv°pw Ah-cm-bn-cp∂p Imc-W-°m¿.''
tUm. tKmÃ^v tem_¨ F∂ kmaqlnI imkv{X-⁄≥ Xs‚
hnJym-X-amb Ad_v kwkvImcw F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Cß-s\-sb-gpXn:
""]uc-kvXy-temIw t]¿jy-°m¿, {Ko°p-Im¿, tdmam-°m¿ F∂n-
ßs\ ]e kaq-l-ß-fp-sSbpw ta[m-hn-Xz-Øn\v hg-tß-≠n-h-∂n-´p≠v.
F∂m¬ Cu kaq-l-߃ sNep-Ønb cmjv{Sob kzm[o\w hep-Xm-sW-
¶nepw kmwkvIm-cnI kzm[o\w AXoh ipjvI-am-bn-cp∂p. ]uckvXy
\mSp-I-fn¬ {Ko°p-Im¿°pw tdmam-°m¿°pw t]¿jy-°m¿°pw Ign-bm-
™Xv {ZpXK-Xn-bnepw _e-{]-tbmKw \S-Øm-sXbpw Ad-_n-Iƒ°v
Ign™p. CuPn-]vXn¬ Ad-_n-Iƒ sNep-Ønb kmwkvIm-cnI kzm[o\w
{Ia-Øn¬ B{^n°, kndnb XpS-ßnb cmPy-ß-fnepw kw{I-an®p. Ah¿
C¥y-bn-se-Øn-bXv k©m-cn-I-fm-bn-´m-sW-¶nepw Ahn-sSbpw Ah¿°v
kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb kzm[o-\-ap-≠m-°m≥ Ign™p. I®-h-Sm-h-iy-Øn\v
kµ¿in® ssN\bnepw Ah¿°v hy‡-amb kzm[o\w sNep-Øm≥
km[n®p.''
Adn-hn\v Af-hn-s√∂pw AXv Ata-bhpw A\-¥-hp-am-sW∂pw AXn-
\m¬ X∂n-ep≈ Adn-hns‚ Af-hn¬ Bcpw Hu≤Xyw Im´-cp-sX∂pw Adn-
bp-tºmƒ Adn-bm≥ IqSp-X¬ _m°n InS-°p∂p F∂ Adn-hns‚
t_m[yw Hcp-hs\ hnth-Inbpw hn\-b-hm-\p-am-°p∂p F∂v Jp¿-B≥
Hm¿an-∏n-°p-∂p≠v:
""Hmtcm Adn-hp-≈-h-s‚bpw apI-fn¬ IqSp-X¬ Adn-hp-≈-h-\p≠v.''
F∂ {]t_m-[-\-i-Iew AXm-W-`n-hy-‡-am-°p-∂Xv. IqSp-X¬ Adn-h-cpfn
Xs‚ Pohn-XsØ km¿YI-am-°-W-sa∂pw Adnhv t\Sm-\p≈ Pn⁄m-
kbpw Bth-ihpw X∂n¬ t{]m÷z-en-∏n-°-W-sa∂pw A√m-lp-hn-t\mSv
Al¿∂niw {]m¿Yn-°-W-sa∂v Ckvemw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.
124 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
_p≤n-bn-eqsS, AYhm Nn¥-bn-eqsS hnf-ßn-Øn-fßn hcp-∂-Xn-s\-
am-{Xta AwKo-I-cn-°mhq F∂v Jp¿B≥ JWvUn-X-ambn \n¿tZ-in-°p-
∂p≠v.
""\n\-°-dn-hn-√mØ H∂n-s‚bpw ]n∂mse \o t]mI-cpXv. ImXv, IÆv,
lrZbw˛Ch-tbm-tcm-∂n-s\-∏-‰nbpw a\p-jy≥ tNmZyw sNø-s∏Spw, Xo¿®.''
hnizm-k-ß-fp-sSbpw ⁄m\-hn-⁄m-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ]c-a-amb ASn-
ÿm\w t_m[y-amWv. ZrV-t_m-[y-an-√msX, tIƒ°p-∂-Xn-s‚-sb√mw
]n∂mse Dg-dn-∏m-b-cp-sX∂pw Ak-Xyhpw Adn-hn-√m-bvabpw A_-≤-[m-c-
Wbpw {]N-cn-∏n-°m≥ AXv Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂pw Aß-s\-bh IÆn-
s\bpw ImXn-s\bpw lrZ-b-sØbpw Zpcp-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂pw ssZh-
Z-Ø-amb Ahsb Zp¿hn-\n-tbmKw sNøp-∂Xv hnNm-c-W-bpsS aplq¿Ø-
Øn¬ \nc-¶p-i-ambn tNmZyw sNø-s∏-Sp-sa-∂p-amWv taep-≤-cn® Jp¿-
B\nIh-N- ns‚ `mjyw.
A‘-amb A\p-I-c-WsØ Jp¿-B≥ A\p-Iq-en-°p-∂n√. ]≠p-≈-
h¿ sNbvXp F∂ H‰-°m-cWw sIm≠v Hcp Imcyw km[p-hm-sW∂v Icp-
Xp∂ am\-kn-Im-hÿ A]-I-S-Im-cn-bm-sW∂pw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-b-\p-
kva-cn-∏n-°p∂p. ]q¿hn-I≥am¿ A\p-h¿Øn-®p-t]m-∂-Xm-sW-∂-Xp-sIm≠p
am{Xw Hcp Imcyw A]-cn-jvIr-Xn-tbm-ep-∂-Xp-am-hp-∂n√. ]pØ-s\√mw icn-
bm-sW∂v Icp-X-cpXv. At\z-jn-®w-Ko-I-cn-°pI. Adn-™m-Z-cn-°pI F∂
ap{Zm-hm-Iy-amWv XZvhn-j-b-I-ambn Jp¿-B≥ kΩm-\n-°p-∂Xv.
(]pcm-W-an-tXyh \km-[p-k¿hw
\Nm]n Imhyw \h-an-Xy-hZyw
k¥x ]co-£-\y-X-c¬ `Pt¥
aqVx-]-c-{]-Xy-b-t\b _p≤n:)
A‘-amb A\p-I-cWw kXy-\n-tj-[n-bpsS kz`m-h-amWv. Nn¥n®p
a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw hnti-j_ - p-≤n-bp-]t- bm-Kn®v hnth-Nn-®d
- n-bp-Ibpw t_m[y-
s∏-´-Xns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmtg Hcmƒ bYm¿Y kXy-hn-izm-
kn-bpsS am¿Kw Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂p≈q. adn-®m-bn-cp∂p Ckvem-ans‚ ]nd-
hn°v apºp-≠m-bn-cp∂ Atd-_y-bpsS Ahÿ. ""A√mlp Cd-°n-b-Xn-
te°pw {]hm-N-I-\n-te°pw hcq F∂v Ah-tcmSv ]d-™m¬ Rß-fpsS
]nXm-°sf R߃ GXp-\n-eb - n¬ I≠n-cp-∂pthm AXp-Xs∂ R߃°pw
aXn F∂v Ah¿ ]dbpw. Ah-cpsS ]nXm-°ƒ Hcp hnh-c-an-√m-Ø-hcpw
t\¿am¿Kw ImWn-°m-Ø-h-cp-am-bn-cp-∂m¬ t]mep tam?''˛Aß-s\-bmWv
thZ-{KŸw Ad-_n-I-fpsS A\p-I-cW {`a-sØ ]cm-a¿in-®Xv.
""hm°p-Iƒ {i≤m-]q¿hw tIƒ°p-Ibpw AXn¬\n∂v \√-Xns\
kzoI-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-ct{X (Fs‚ ASn-aIƒ.) A√mlp t\¿h-gn-
bn-em-°n-b-h-cm-W-h¿; _p≤n-am≥amcpw Ah¿Xs∂.''
\ocw tN¿Øo-SpInepw
£ocw am{Xw `pPn-°p-a-c-b∂w
]pcp-j-\-Xp-t]m¬ bp‡ym
kmcw ssIs°m-≠-km-c-a-dn-tb-Ww ˛ F∂ inh-tbm-Kn-bpsS hm°p-
Iƒ kXy-th-Z\ kao-]-\-tØmSv kPm-Xo-bX ]pe¿Øp∂p. 19˛mw \q‰m-
Adn-hns‚ ap∂n¬ kmZcw kXy-thZw 125
≠n¬ temI-Øn∂v t_m[y-s∏´ Nn¥-bnse Hu∂Xyw Bdmw \q‰m-≠nte
Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS Kncn-in-J-c-ß-fn¬ ImWm≥ Ign™p F∂-
XmWv kXyw.
Jp¿-B≥ _p≤n-tbmSv kwkm-cn-°p∂p˛ _p≤n-tbmSv Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-
°m-\m-hi - y-s∏-Sp∂p. _p≤n-bp-]t- bm-Kn-°m-Øh
- sc A]-e]
- n-°p∂p. ssZh-
Z-Ø-amb _p≤n-bpsS sN∏v Xpd∂v hnkva-b-߃ I≠m-kz-Zn-°m≥ aSn-°p-
∂-h-sc-°p-dn®v Jp¿-B≥ aXn∏v kq£n-°p-∂n√. A\¥ km[y-X-I-fp≈
_p≤nsb {i≤n-°msX, AXns\ Xgp-In-Ø-temSn ]cn-t]m-jn-∏n-°msX
D≈n-sem-Xp-°n-°-gn-bp-∂-h≥ \n[n Im°p∂ `qX-amWv. _p≤n {]tbm-P-\-
s∏-SpØn Nn¥n-°p-Ibpw hn`m-h\w sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-tXm-sSm∏w
A\p-`-h-tem-IsØ Ah-K-Wn-°m-Xn-cn-°m\pw {i≤n-°-W-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥
\njvI¿jn-°p-∂p≠v. bp‡y-\p-`-h-ß-fn¬ A\p-`-h-ß-fpsS ÿm\w {]Y-
a-am-sW-∂p-IqSn thZ-{KŸw A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p∂p.
""Xm¶ƒ ]d-bpI, \n߃ `qan-bn¬ k©-cn®v, A√mlp krjvSn
Bcw-`n-®Xv Fß-s\-sb∂v t\m°q.''
as‰m-cn-SØv˛
""F∂m¬ Ah¿, `qan-bn¬ k©-cn-°p-∂nt√? At∏mƒ Nn¥n®p a\-
 n-em-°m≥ ]‰p∂ lrZ-b-ßfpw tI´v a\- n-em-°m-\p-X-Ip∂ ImXp-Ifpw
Ah¿°p-≠mIpw. IÆp-Iƒ A‘-am-Ip-∂n√. s\©n-\-I-Øp≈ lrZ-b-
amWv A‘-am-Ip-∂Xv.''
C{µn-b-߃ kq£vam¿Y-Øn¬ ⁄mt\-{µn-b-ß-fm-sW∂pw Ah-bp-
]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmWv a\p-jy≥ hf-cp-∂-sX∂pw Jp¿-B≥ kqNn-∏n-
°p∂p. Hcp inipsh _mly-tem-I-hp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-ØmsX Hcp apdn-bn-
en-´-S®v Blmcw sImSp-Øm¬ Ah≥ imco-cn-I-ambn hf-cp-sa-¶nepw
_u≤n-I-ambn hf-cn√ F∂ imkv{X-aXw Jp¿-B≥ sXfn™ `mj-bn¬
At∂ \sΩ [cn-∏n-®n-´p≠v.
""\nß-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS DZ-c-ß-fn¬\n∂v H∂pw Adn-bm-Ø-h-
cmb Ah-ÿ-bn¬ \nßsf A√mlp ]pd-Øp-sIm-≠p-h∂p. \n߃°-h≥
IÆpw ImXpw lrZ-bhpw X∂p, \n߃ \µn ImWn-°p-hm≥th≠n.''
Adnhv, _p≤n, _p≤n-am≥am¿˛ XpS-ßnb _p≤n-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´
\nc-h[n ]cm-a¿i-߃ Jp¿-B-\n-ep≠v. at‰Xv Bi-b-X-e-sØ-°mfpw
{]mapJyw Jp¿-B≥ AXn-∂mWv \evIn-bn-´p-≈Xv.
""_p≤n D]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h¿°v CXn¬ ]e ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fp-ap≠v.''
""_p≤n-bp-]-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h¿°v \mw ZrjvSm-¥-߃ hnh-cn-®p-sIm-
Sp-°p∂p.''
""A√m-lp-hns‚ ASp-°¬ G‰hpw Zpjn® P¥p-°ƒ _p≤n-bp-]-
tbm-Kn®v {Kln-°mØ aqIcpw _[n-c-cp-amb a\p-jy-cmWv.''
""AYhm Xm¶ƒ Icp-Xp-∂pt≠m, Ah-cn¬ an°-hcpw tI´v a\- n-em-
°p-Itbm _p≤n-bp-]-tbm-Kn®v Nn¥n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-h-cm-sW∂v. Ah¿
arK-Xp-ey-cmWv, A√ IqSp-X¬ hgn]ng-®-h-ct{X Ah¿.''
""tI´p a\- n-em-°p-Itbm Nn¥n-°p-Itbm sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬
R߃ \c-I-hm-kn-I-fn¬ s]Sp-am-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v Ah¿ ]dbpw.''
126 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
""Xm¶ƒ ]d-bpI, \n߃ `qan-bn¬ k©-cn®v, A√mlp krjvSn-
I¿Ωw Bcw-`n-®Xv Fßs\ F∂v t\m°q.''
""F∂m¬ Ah¿ `qan-bn¬ k©-cn-°p-∂nt√? At∏mƒ Nn¥n®p a\-
 n-em-°m≥ ]‰p∂ lrZ-b-ßfpw tI´p a\- n-em-°m-\p-X-Ip∂ ImXp-Ifpw
Ah¿°p-≠mIpw. IÆp-Iƒ A‘-am-hp-∂n√. s\©n-\-I-Øp≈ lrZb-
amWv A‘-am-Ip-∂Xv.''
""A√mlp am\Øp-\n∂v sh≈w hogvØp-∂Xv \o I≠n-´nt√? Aßs\
AXp-hgn hnhn[ Xc-Øn-ep≈ ]mX-Iƒ AS-ßn-bh ae-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn-
ep≠v. A√m-lp-hns‚ ASn-a-I-fn¬ Ahs\ `b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv Adn-hp-≈-h¿
am{X-amWv.''
""a\p-jy≥ Nn¥n-®p-t\m-°s´, F¥p-sIm-≠m-Wh - s\ krjvSn-®s- X∂v.
sXdn-®p-ho-gp∂ Hcp Xp≈n sh≈w-sIm≠v Ahs\ krjvSn®p. apXp-In-
s‚bpw s\s©-√p-I-fp-sSbpw CS-bn¬\n∂v AXpZv`-hn-°p∂p.''
""\nß-fpsS a\- p-If- nepw (ZrjvSm-¥ß
- f
- p≠v.) \n߃ ImWp-∂nt√?''
\_n ]d™p:
""Adnht\z-jn®v bm{X sNøp-∂-h¿°v Ah-cpsS kz¿K-Øn-te-°p≈
am¿KsØ eLp-hm-°n-s°m-Sp-°p∂p.'' (A_p-lp-dbvd)
""`qan-bnse ]WvU-nX≥am¿ BIm-i-Ønse \£-{X-ß-sf-t∏m-se-
bm-Ip∂p. Ic-bnepw IS-enepw Ccpƒ \nd™ cm{Xn-I-fn¬ Ah-cn¬\n∂v
am¿K-Z¿i\w e`n-°p∂p. \£-{X-߃ Hcn-°¬ am™p-I-gn-™m¬ am¿K-
\n¿t±iw am¿K-hn-{`w-i-am-bn-Øo-cm≥ km[y-X-bp≠v.'' (A\kv C_v\p
amen°v)
""c≠p-Xcw Bfp-Iƒ Akq-bm¿l-cmWv. H∂v, Xs‚ kºØv kXy-
am¿K-Øn¬ sNe-h-gn-°p∂ kº-∂-\mb Hcmƒ. c≠v; ssZhw \evInb
⁄m\-k-ºØv a‰p-≈-h¿°v ]¶p-sh-°p-Ibpw AXp-sIm≠v Xocp-am-\-sa-
Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Bƒ.'' (A_vZp≈ C_v\p akvDuZv.)
""Hcp apkven-an∂v DNn-X-amb [¿aw ⁄m\w -k-ºm-Zn-°epw AXv
as‰mcp ktlm-Z-c∂v ]I¿∂psImSp-°-ep-am-Ip∂p.'' (A_qlpsdbvd)
""\nß-fnse hniz-kn-®h - ¿°pw hn⁄m\w \evIs - ∏-´h
- ¿°pw A√mlp
Db¿∂ ]Z-hn-Iƒ \evIp∂p. \n߃ {]h¿Øn-°p-∂-Xns\  w_-‘n®v
\∂m-b-dn-bm-hp-∂-h-\mWv A√mlp''(hn.Jp: A¬ apPm-Zne˛11.)
""A√m-lp-hn¬\n∂v Xm¶-ƒ°v Ah-Xo¿W-am-b-Xp-X-s∂-bmWv kXy-
am-bXpw, kvXpXy¿l\pw {]Xm-]-im-en-bp-amb A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn-
te°v \bn-°p-∂Xpw F∂v ⁄m\w e`n-®-h¿ a\- n-em-°p∂p.'' (hn.Jp:
k_Av˛6)
""A√m-lp-h-√msX Hcn-em-lp-an-s√∂v Ah≥ km£yw hln-®n-cn-
°p∂p. ae-°p-Ifpw ⁄m\n-Ifpw AXn∂v km£yw hln-®n-cn-°p∂p.
Ah≥ \oXn \ne-\n¿Øp-∂-h-\mWv. AP-ø\pw bp‡n-am-\p-amb Ah-\-
√msX thsd ssZh-an-√-Xs∂.'' (hn.Jp. Ben Cwdm≥˛18.)
""\mYm \o F\n°v Adnhv A[n-I-cn-∏n®v Xtc-Wta F∂v {]m¿Yn-®p-
sIm-≠n-cn-°pI.'' ˛(Xzmlm 114.)
""hmbn-°pI, t]\-sIm≠v ]Tn-∏n® AXyp-Zm-c-\mWv \ns‚ \mY≥
Adn-hns‚ ap∂n¬ kmZcw kXy-thZw 127
a\p-jy\v Adn-bm-ØXv A√mlp Ahs\ A`y-kn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p.'' (AeJv
3˛5)
""]d-bpI, `qan-bn-eqsS k©-cn®v krjvSn-bpsS Bcw`w Fß-s\-
sb∂v \nco-£n-°pI. ]n∂oSv A√mlp ]p\x-krjvSn \S-Øp∂p. A√mlp
F√m Imcy-߃°pw Ign-hp-≈-h-\t{X.'' (A¬ A≥I-_qØv˛20.)
""]Iz-amb ]mWvUnXyw {]m]n-®-h¿ ]d-bp∂p Rß-f-Xn¬ hniz-kn-
®n-cn-°p∂p. F√mw Rß-fpsS c£n-Xm-hn¬ \n∂p-≈-XmWv. _p≤n-bp-≈-
h-c-√msX Nn¥n-°p-∂n√.'' (Ben Cwdm≥˛7.)
""A√mlp Bcn-eqsS \∑- h-cp-Øm-\p-t±-in-°p-∂pthm Ahs\ aX-]-
WvUn-X-\m-°p-sa∂v {]hm-N-I≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p.'' (apB-hnb)
""Adnhv B{K-ln®v Bsc-¶nepw Hcp am¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in-®m¬ AXp-
hgn A√mlp kz¿K-Øn-te-°p≈ Abm-fpsS kcWn kpK-a-am°pw.
hnZym¿Yn°v Abm-fpsS {ia-Ønse kwXr-]vXn-bn¬ ae-°p-Iƒ Xß-fpsS
Nnd-Ip-Iƒ hncn-®p-sIm-Sp°pw. sh≈-Ønse a’y-apƒs∏sS BIm-i-`q-an-
I-fn-ep≈ kI-eXpw ]WvUn-Xs‚ ]m]-tam-N-\-Øn-∂mbn {]m¿Yn°pw.
N{µ\v CXc \£-{X-߃°n-S-bnse t{ijvT-X-t]mse Adn-hp-≈-h\v
Bcm-[-I-s\-°mƒ t{ijvT-X-bp≠v. Xo¿®-bmbpw ]WvUn-X≥am¿ {]hm-N-
I≥am-cpsS A\-¥-cm-h-Im-in-I-fmWv. ssZh-Zq-X≥am¿ Zn¿lapw Zo\mdpw
A\-¥cw \evIn-bn-´n√. adn®,v hn⁄m\w am{X-amWv Ah¿ A\-¥-c-ambn
hn´Xv. AXn-\m¬ AXv B¿Pn-°p-∂-h≥ AXoh ku`m-Ky-hm-\t{X.''
(A_p-±¿Zm-Av)
""Bsc-¶nepw Adn-hm¿Pn-°m≥ Cd-ßn-Øn-cn-®m¬ Xncn-®p-h-cpw-hsc
Ah≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn-emWv.'' (A\kv)
""P\-ßsf \∑ A`y-kn-∏n--°p-∂-h¿°p-th≠n amf-Ønse Ddp-ºp-
Ifpw a’y-ß-fp-apƒs∏sS BImi `qan-I-fn-ep≈ kI-eXpw ae-°p-Ifpw
{]m¿Yn-°p-sa∂v \_n Adn-bn-®n-cn-°p∂p. Hscm‰ a\p-jy≥ Xm¶-fn-eqsS
k≥am¿§w {]m]n-°p-∂Xv Xm¶ƒ°v Nph∂ H´-I-°q-´-ß-fp-≠m-Ip-∂-Xn-
s\-°mƒ F{Xtbm DØ-a-am-sW∂v \_n Aen-tbmSv ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn.''
(klvep-_p\p kmCZv)
""\_n Acp-fn-s®-bvXn-cn-°p∂p: F∂n-eqsS A√mlp Ah-X-cn-∏n®
Adn-hn-s‚bpw k≥am¿§-Øn-s‚bpw DZm-l-cWw `qan-bn¬ ]Xn-°p∂ ag-
t]m-se-bmWv. AXnse Nne `mK-߃ \√Xm-bn-cn°pw. Ah AXv BKn-
cWw sNøp-Ibpw Aßs\ [mcm-f-ambn ]p√pw ]®∏pw DZv]m-Zn-∏n-°p-
Ibpw sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. A{]-ImcwXs∂ sNSn-ap-fbv-°mØ ÿe-ßfpw
AXn-ep≠v. AXv sh≈w tiJ-cn®v sh°p-Ibpw P\-߃°v AXv IpSn-
°m\pw \\-°m\pw D]-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. F∂m¬ B ag ]Xn-°p∂
thd Nne ÿe-߃ acp-{]-tZ-i-ß-fmWv. Ah sh≈w tiJ-cn-°p-Itbm
sNSn apf-∏n-°p-Itbm C√. A√m-lp-hns‚ Zo\o hn⁄m\w t\Sp-Ibpw
Rm≥ sIm≠p-h-∂Xv D]-I-cn-°p-Ibpw Aßs\ Adn-bp-Ibpw Adn-bn-°p-
Ibpw sNbvX-h-s‚bpw AXp-hgn H∂Xyw {]m]n-°m\pw F∂n-eqsS Ah-
Xo¿W-amb ssZhnI k≥am¿Kw kzoI-cn-°m\pw km[n-°m-Ø-h-s‚bpw
DZm-l-c-W-am-WnXv.'' (A_q-aqk)
128 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
""\_n Adn-bn-®n-cn-°p∂p˛ k≥am¿K-Øn-te°v £Wn-°p-∂-h\v
Xs∂ ]n≥]-‰n-b-h-cp-tS-Xp-t]m-ep≈ {]Xn-^ew e`n-°p-∂-XmWv. Ah-cpsS
{]Xn-^-e-Øn¬ Hcp Ipdhpw hcp-Øp-I-bp-an√.'' (A_q-lp-sdbvd)
""{]hm-N-I≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: \Ωn¬ \n∂v h√Xpw tIƒ°p-Ibpw
AXp-t]mse a‰p-≈-h-cn-te-s°-Øn-°pIbpw sNøp-∂-hs\ A√mlp A\p-
{K-ln-°s´. tIƒ°p-∂-h-s\-°mƒ {i≤bpw kq£va-Xbpw ]pe¿Øp∂
{]t_m-[n-X-cp-≠m-tb°mw.'' (C_v\p akv-DuZv)
""{]hm-N-I≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p. A√mlp kºØp \evIp-Ibpw
kXy-am¿K-Øn¬ AXp sNe-h-gn-°m≥ Ignhp \evIp-Ibpw sNbvX a\p-
jy\pw A√mlp Adnhp \evIp-Ibpw F∂n´v AX-\p-k-cn®v Pohn-°p-
Ibpw AXv A`y-kn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Bfpw am{Xta Akq-bm¿l-cm-
Ip-∂p≈q.'' (C_v\p akv-DuZv)
""{]hm-N-I≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: temIØv \mep Xc-°m-cm-Wp-≈Xv.
H∂v: A√mlp Adnhpw [\hpw \evInb hy‡n. Abm-f-Xn¬ Xs‚ c£n-
Xm-hns\ kq£n-°p-Ibpw IpSpw-_ _‘w kq£n-°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hn-
t\m-Sp≈ _m[y-X-Iƒ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. G‰hpw t{ijvT-
amb ÿm\-Øm-W-bmƒ.
c≠v: A√mlp Adnhv \evIp-Ibpw kºØv kΩm-\n-°m-Xn-cn-°pIbpw
sNbvX Bƒ. kXy-k-‘-amb hnIm-c-tØmsS Abmƒ ]d-bp∂p˛ F\n°v
[\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Abm-sf-t∏mse Rm\pw sNøp-am-bn-cp∂p. F¶n¬
At±lw Xs‚ Xocp-am\w Imc-W-ambn BZysØ Bsf-t∏mse {]Xn-^-
em¿l-\mWv.
aq∂v: A√mlp Adnhv \evImsX kº-Øp-am{Xw sImSp-Ø-bmƒ.
bmsXmcp t_m[-hp-an-√msX Abmƒ Xs‚ [\w ssIImcyw sNøp∂p.
AXn¬ Xs‚ c£n-Xm-hns\ kq£n-°p-Itbm IpSpw-_-_‘w tN¿°p-
Itbm Xs‚ \mY-t\m-Sp≈ _m[y-X-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n√.
G‰hpw tami-amb Ah-ÿ-bn-em-Wn-bmƒ.
\mev: A√mlp Adnhpw [\hpw \evImØ a\p-jy≥. F\n°v [\-
ap-≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ Rm≥ C∂-bm-fn-s\-t∏mse sNøp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v
Abmƒ ]d-bp∂p. F¶n¬ Ah-cn-cp-h-cp-sSbpw \ne-hmcw Hcp-t]m-se-bt{X.
Adn-hns‚ ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ I¿aa-\p-jvTn-°p-∂-h\v `mhpIw.
hn⁄m\w tXSn-b-h-t\mSv AXv ad-®p-sh-°p-∂-h≥ A¥y-Zn-\-Øn¬
A·n-bm-ep≈ ISn-™m¨ AWn-bn-°s - ∏-Sp-sa∂v \_n Adn-bn-®n-cn-°p∂p.
(A_q-lp-sdbvd).
{]hm-N-I≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: \nc-¥cw \ne-\n-ev°p∂ Zm\w, D]-I-
cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂ Adnhv, X\n-°p-th≠n {]m¿Yn-°p∂ DØ-a-k-¥m\w F∂o
aq∂v A√mØ F√m I¿a-ßfpw a\p-jy≥ acn-°p-∂-tXmsS F√mw th¿]n-
cn-bp-∂-XmWv. G‰hpw t{ijvT-amb C_m-ZØv hn⁄m-\-amWv.
{]hm-N-I≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p Hscm‰ ]WvUn-X≥ Bbncw Bcm-[-I-
sc-°mƒ ]nim-Nn\v {]bm-k-I-c-amWv F∂v.
{]hm-N-I≥ ]d-™n-cn-°p∂p: hn⁄m\w hnizm-kn-bpsS hoWp-
t]mb hkvXp-hmWv. AXn-\m¬ AsX-hnsS I≠mepw AXns‚ Ah-Imin
Adn-hns‚ ap∂n¬ kmZcw kXy-thZw 129
Ah-\t{X F∂v.
""hn⁄m-\hpw tXSn ]pd-s∏-Sp-∂-h\v A√mlp kz¿KØn-te-°p≈
hgn Ffp-∏-am-°p∂p. hnZybpw tXSn t]mIp-∂-h-∂mbn amem-J-am¿ Nnd-Iv-
hn-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p∂p. kz¿K-hm-kn-Ifpw `qhm-kn-I-fp-sa√mw ⁄m\n-°p-
th≠n {]m¿Yn-°p∂p. N{µ≥ a‰p tKmf-ßsf {]Im-i-Øn¬ AXn-i-bn-°p-
∂Xp {]Imcw ⁄m\n-bmb Hcmƒ `‡-s\-°mƒ {]Imiw sNmcn-bp∂p.
`‡≥am¿ {]hm-N-I-cpsS A\-¥-cm-h-Im-in-I-fm-Ip∂p. Ah-cpsS Adn-
hp- I ƒ Ah- I m- i - s ∏- S p- ∂ - h - c m- I s´ \≥a- I - f n¬ kº- ∂ - c p- a t{X.''
(Xn¿anZn)
{]hm-N-I-\p-ambn _‘-s∏-SpØn Hcp IY ]d™p tI´n-´p≠v: Hcn-
°¬ apl-ΩZv \_n ]≈n-bn-te°v t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. hgn-bntem ]≈n-
°p-≈ntem Bscbpw I≠n√. F∂m¬ ]≈n-bpsS hmXn¬∏-Sn-bn¬
C_veo-kns\ I≠p. Imevs]-cp-am‰w tI´v C_veokv Xncn-™p-t\m°n.
{]hm-N-I-\mWv ]≈n-bn-te°v hcp-∂-sX∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ C_veokv Akz-
ÿ-\mbn. ImgvN-bn¬s∏-SmsX amdn-\nev°m-\n-Shpw I≠n√. as‰m-∂m-tem-
Nn-°m≥ XpS-ßp-tºm-tg°pw {]hm-N-I≥ C_veo-kns‚ ap∂n-se-Øn-°-gn-
™n-cp∂p.
{]hm-N-I≥ C_veo-kn-t\mSv kzev]w aµ-lm-k-tØmsS, hmXn¬∏-Sn-
bn-en-cn-°p-∂X - ns‚ Imc-Wa - t- \z-jn®p. C_veokv Cßs\ adp-]Sn ]d™p:
"AIØv Hcmƒ \a-kvI-cn-°p-∂p≠v. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Rm\n-tßm´v Ib-
dn-bXv. Abm-sf-sbm∂v ]ng-∏n-°-W-sa∂v tXm∂n. ]t£, `mKy-tZm-jw-
sIm≠v kzev]w hnjaw t\cn-´n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. At±-l-Øns‚ sXm´-SpØv
Zm I≠nt√, Hcmƒ InS-∂p-d-ßp∂p....'
{]hm-NI- \v C_veo-kns‚ hm°p-Iƒ tI´-t∏mƒ Xam-ib - mWv tXm∂n-
bXv.
"DW¿∂n-cn-°p∂ Bsf t]Sn-°msX Dd-ßp-∂-hs\ t]Sn-°p-∂-Xn-
se-¥m-W¿Yw?' {]hm-N-I≥ tNmZn®p.
C_veokv: \a-kvI-cn-°p∂ Bƒ A⁄m-\n-bmWv. Abmsf ]m´n-em-
°m\pw ]ng-∏n-°m\pw sRmSn-bn-S-sIm≠v Ignbpw. ]t£, B Dd-ßp-∂-h-
\m-hs´, ⁄m\nbpw ]WvUn-X-\p-amWv.
CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ Hcm-fl-KXw t]mse {]hm-N-I≥ Cßs\ ]d™p:
"icn-bmWv A⁄m-\n-bpsS Bcm-[-\-sb-°mƒ Adn-hp-≈-hs‚ Dd-
°-Øn\v i‡n-bp≠v.'
{_“-c-l-ky-a-dn™v PohnXw km¿Y-I-am-°p-hm≥ Adn-hns‚ D]m-
k-I-cmbn amd-W-sa∂v CkvemwkwkvIrXn {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p. Pohn-X-
Øns‚ A¿Y]q¿WX km£m¬°cn-°p-hm≥ AX-√msX as‰mcp am¿K-
hp-an-s√∂v Ckvemw A\p-im-kn-°p∂p.
"⁄m\w kºm-Zn-°pI˛F¥p-sIm-s≠-∂m¬ ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ AXv
kºm-Zn-°p-∂-h≥ Hcp ]pWy-I¿a-amWv sNøp-∂Xv. AXns\ w_-‘n®v
]d-bp-∂-h≥ Ahs‚ \mYs\ ]pI-gvØp∂p. AX-t\z-jn-°p-∂-h≥
ssZhsØ Bcm-[n-°p∂p. AXns\ D]-tZ-in-°p-∂-h≥ Zm\-[¿Ω-߃
sNøp∂p. AXns\ t\cmw-hÆw hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-∂-h≥ ssZh`‡n {]I-
130 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw Adn-hns‚ ap∂n¬ kmZcw kXy-thZw 131

Sn-∏n-°p∂p. ⁄m\w˛AXv kºm-Zn-®-h\v \njn-≤-am-b-Xn-s\bpw A√m-Ø- {]IrXw CXn¬\n∂v hy‡-am-Ip∂p. BIm-i-`q-an-Iƒ \ne-\n-ev°p-t∂-S-
Xn-s\bpw th¿Xn-cn-®-dn-bm≥ Ign-hp-≠m-Ip∂p. AXv kz¿KsØ {]Im-iam- tØmfw Imew Hcn-°epw ]cn-k-am-]vXn-bn-√msX, At⁄-bam-bXv Zp¿{Km-
\-am-°p∂p. AXv acp-`q-an-bn¬ \ΩpsS kplrØpw GIm-¥-X-bn¬ \ap°v ly-am-bn-Øs∂ \nev°pw.''
Iq´p-Im-c\pw kplr-Øp-°-fn-√m-Øn-SØv \ΩpsS kl-Nm-cn-bp-am-Ip∂p. Adnhv e`n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-tºmƒ Adn-bm-Ø-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®-dn-bm≥
AXp \sΩ B\-µ-Øn-te°v \bn-°p∂p. ZpxJm-h-ÿ-bn¬ AXv \sΩ Pn⁄mk hf-cp-∂Xv kzm`m-hnIw. t\Sn-°-gn-™-X√ tXSn-t∏m-Ip-∂sX∂
ÿncNnØ-cm-°p∂p. k÷\ k∂n-[n-bn¬ AXv \ap-s°m-c-e-¶m-c-am- kXyw Ah∂v t_m[y-amIpw. AhnsS Ahs‚ ⁄m\-]n-]mk s]cp-
Ip∂p. i{Xp-°-fpsS ap∂n¬ \ap-°Xv Ih-N-amWv. ⁄m\ kºm-Z-\-tØm- Ip∂p. Ahs‚ At\z-jWw XpS-cp∂p. A\-¥-amb, Ahn-cm-a-amb At\z-
Sp-IqSn ssZh-Øns‚ Zmk≥ kap-∂-Xn-bn-te-°p-b-cp∂p. Aßs\ AXn-a- jWw˛Hcp Xo¿∞-bm-{X-t]mse AXn Znhy-amb kXym-t\z-jWw! Cu
l-Ømb ]Zhn km£m¬°-cn-°p∂p. Cu temI-Ønse GI—-{Xm-[n-]- hnip≤ t_m[yw kXy- h n- i zm- k nsb hn\- b - h m- \ m- ° n- ∏ - c n- h ¿Øn- ∏ n-
Xn-Ifpw Ah-s\m∏w \nev°pw. ]c-tem-IØv Ah≥ B\-µ-kºq¿Øn °p∂p.
km[n-°p∂p.'
hnZzms‚ ajn c‡-km-£n-bpsS c‡-sØ°mƒ ]mh-\a - mWv. ⁄m\-
a-t\z-jn®v kz`-h\ - a
- p-t]-£n-°p-∂h - ≥ ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ Ncn-°p∂p. ⁄m\-
a-t\z-jn®v bm{X sNøp-∂-h\v ssZhw kz¿K-Øn-te°v am¿KZ¿i\w
\evIp∂p.
a\p-jy\v sshhn[y-amb i‡nkn≤n-Iƒ kwe-_v[a - m-bn-´p≠v. s]s´-
∂q‰w sIm≈m≥ tXm∂p-sa-¶nepw kq£va hnNn-¥-\-Øn¬ \ΩpsS i‡n-
kn-≤n-I-fpsS Afhpw hym]vXnbpw Xptemw ]cn-an-X-am-sW∂v \ap°v

23
t_m[y-amIpw. ]cn-ko-an-X-amb Hcp ]cn-[n-°-∏p-dØv Ahbv°v IS-s∂-
Øm-\m-hn-√. C{µnb ip≤nbpw Hcp Imbn-I-i-‡nbpw Akv{X-{]-Z-am-bn-Øo-
cp∂ hnkva-b-I-c-amw-hn[w km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏´ B[p-\nI bpK-
Øn¬t]mepw {]IrXn i‡n-Iƒ°p-t]mepw ap∂n¬ \n -lm-b-\mbn
\nevt°-≠n-hc - p∂ a\p-jy≥ Xs‚ Ign-hp-If - psS ]cn-an-Xn-sb-°p-dn®v t_m[-
ap-≈-h-\mbn amdp∂p. a\p-jy≥ X∂n¬ sNdn-b-Xns‚ ap∂n¬ Pbn-°p-
Ibpw Xs∂-°mƒ hep-∏a - p-≈X
- ns‚ ap∂n¬ ]cm-Pb - s- ∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
\ap°v NphsS ]c-»-X-ß-fp-s≠-∂-Xp-t]mse Cu temIØv \ap°v apI-
fnepw Poh-cm-in-I-fp≠v. Ahsb \nb-{¥n-°p-hm\pw Ahbv°v ta¬ B[n-
]Xyw ÿm]n-°p-hm\pw a\p-jy\v Ignbpw. X\n°v ssIh∂ hc-kn-≤n- a\x-ip-≤n-°p≈ awK-f-thf
sIm-≠mWv a\p-jy≥ Poh-cm-in-I-fpsS B[n-]Xyw ssIh-i-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv.
Xs‚ _mly-{]-]-©-Ønse kakvX hkvXp-°-sfbpw tkz—m-\p-kmcw
{]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Ah∂v Ign-bp-∂Xv AXp-sIm-≠mWv. Cu Ign-hp- ""bmX\ A\p-`-hn-°p∂ Bflmhv, bP-am-\\pw A[n-]-Xn-bp-amb AZr-iy-
Isf t{]m÷z-en-∏n-®p-sIm-≠mWv a\p-jy≥ ]pXnb temI-߃ Is≠-Øp- i-‡n-tbmSv ÿm]n-°p∂ e£ym-[n-jvTn-X-_‘w F∂v aXsØ \n¿h-
∂Xpw Ah-bpsS kmcYyw ssItbev°p-∂Xpw. F∂m¬, F{X hf¿∂mepw, Nn°mw. Cu \ne°v {]m¿Y\ aX-Øns‚ I¿a-cq-]-amWv. a\p-jym-flmhv
hc-kn≤n ]c-am-h[n {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bmepw, a\p-jy≥ ssZh-a-√m-Ø- Xs‚ DZv`h-tI-{µ-Øn¬ icWw {]m]n®v \mi-Øn¬\n∂v c£ t\Sm≥
Xp-sIm≠v ]cn-ko-an-X-amb he-b-Øn-\p-≈nse ]c-am-h[n t\Smt\ _p≤n- Bflm¿Yam-bn-s®-øp∂ Poh- p‰ I¿a-am-bn-Øo-cp-tºmtg aXw bYm¿Y
{]-`mhwsIm≠v Ah∂v km[n-°p-I-bp≈q. AXn-\-∏pdw At⁄-b-amWv. aX-am-hp-∂p≈q. Cu I¿aas{X {]m¿Y\. CXv Fs‚ ho£-W-Øn¬
AX-h\v A{]m-]y-hp-amWv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv k¿h-⁄X a\p-jy-t‚-X√, GXm\pw ]Z-ßtfm hmIy-ßtfm Dcp-hn-S-e√. kwkm-cn-°m≥ {]mb-sa-Øp-
ssZh-Øns‚ `qj-W-am-sW∂v hnNm-c-a-Xn-Iƒ D]-tZ-in-°p-∂Xv. hnip≤ ∂-Xn\v aptºXs∂ A\p-`-h-s∏´p XpS-ßnb AZr-iy-i-‡n-tbmSv hy‡n-
Jp¿-B-\nse hcn-Iƒ Chn-sS-bp-≤-cn-°s´: ]-c-ambn _‘w ÿm]n-°m≥ a\p-jy≥ \S-Øp∂ Ne-\-am-WXv. Cu
""Hcp-h-s‚-b-dnhv, AsX{X km¿h-hn-⁄m-\o-b-am-bn-cp-∂mepw "A B¥-cn-I-_-‘-an-s√-¶n¬ aX-hp-an√.'' (s{]m. AKÃv k_m‰n aX-X-Øz-
t⁄b'amb-Xns\ {Kln-°m≥ km[y-a√. At⁄-b-am-bXv AXn-a-lØc- imkv{Xw F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬.)
at{X. F√m-ad - n-bp-∂h - \
- mbn, A√m-lp-h√- msX a‰m-cp-an√. Adn-hns‚ A\¥ D∂-X- e-£y-ß-fn-te°v \nc-¥cw Xncn-®p-hn-Sp∂ Hcm-flo-b-i‡n am\-
132 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
h-cm-in-°m-hi- y-amWv. `uXn-II
- m-cy-ßf
- nepw hy‡n-Xm-¬]-cy-ßf
- nepw CgpIn
apgp-In-°-gn-bp∂ temIØv Ipg∏w hym]n-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ CX-\n-hm-cy-amWv.
kaq-l-\-∑bv°v A\p-t]-£-Wo-bamb Cu Bflob i‡n-bmWv \a-
kvImcw F∂ A\p-jvTm\w kΩm-\n-°p-∂Xv. GI-tZiw Cu A¿Y-Øn-
emWv ]mcokv bqWn-th-gvkn‰n s{]m^- -dm-bn-cp∂ AK-kvddv k_m‰n
{]m¿Y-\bv°v `mjyw \evIn-bn-´p-≈Xv. ssZhsØ kap-NnXw Io¿Øn-
°pI F∂pw ]c-am-cm-[y-\mb ssZh-tØmSv a\-km -hm-Nm -I¿aWm B{i-
bXzw {]I-Sn-∏n-°pI F∂pw {]m¿Y-\bv°v `mjy-t`-Z-ß-fp≠v.
ssZhw Ds≠-¶nepw Cs√-¶nepw AXyp-∂-X-ß-fn¬ Ah-tcm-[n-®n-cp-
Øm≥ \ap-s°mcp ssZhw A\n-hm-cy-amWv. Pohn-X-Øns‚ Xmf-{I-a-߃
Nn´-s∏-SpØn, B ]c-tam-∂-Xn-bn-te°v e£y-an´v \mw \S-∂p-\o-ßp∂p.
hy‡nbpw IpSpw-_hpw kaq-lhpw temIhpw XΩn-ep≈ B¥-cn-I-kw-_-
‘-Øn\v Ah-ew-_-ambn h¿Øn-°p-∂Xpw k¿th-iz-cs‚ AkvXn-Xz-
amWv. Xn∂pw IpSn®pw aZn®pw Ign-bp∂ a\p-jy-s\∂ arKsØ, ImW-s∏-
Sp∂ PUn-I-X-bv°p-a-∏p-dØv Ah-ÿm\w sNbvXp-sIm≠v kIe `uXnI
{]Xn-`m-k-߃°pw i‡n-{]-`m-h-ambn h¿Øn-°p∂ Cuiz-c-XzsØ Hm¿an-
∏n-°m≥ Ign-bp-tºmƒ am{Xta £Wn-I-X-bn-e-a-cp∂ Pohn-X-Øn\v Iptd-
°qSn A¿Yu-Nn-Xy-ß-fp-s≠-∂p≈ Ah-t_m[w a\p-jy-\n¬ apfs]m´p-
∂p≈q. AtXmsS Ahym-tJy-b-amb B\-µ-Øn-s‚bpw kuµ-cy-Øn-
s‚bpw Bflob {]]©w A\m-h-cWw sNø-s∏-Sp-I-bmbn. ssZh-Z-Ø-
amb hnti-j-_p-≤n-bpsS {]tbm-K-Øn-eq-sS-bmWv Bflo-b-X-bpsS A\-
h-Zy-tem-I-Øn-te°v IS∂p sN√m-\-h\v Ign-bp-∂Xv. £Wn-Ihpw \iz-c-
hp-amb {]]© Pohn-X-Øns‚ N{I-hm-f-ko-a-bv°-∏p-dØpw PohnXw XpS-
cp-∂p-sh∂pw Pohn-X-Øns‚, Xmc-X-tay\ A¿Y]q¿W-amb `mK-a-Xm-
sW∂pw Chn-SsØ Pohn-X-Øns‚ aqey-tim-[-\bpw ^e-{]m-]vXnbpw
Ahn-sS-bmWv km£m-¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂pw Ckvemw {]t_m-[n-∏n-
°p∂p. At∏mƒ ]ngbv-°msX ssZh-am¿KØn-eqsS k©-cn-®mte Pohn-
X-Øns‚ ]c-a-e£yw ssIh-cn-I-bp-≈p-sh∂pw AXyp¬Ir-jvS-amb {]Xn-
^ew Aßs\ am{Xsa kwe-_v[-am-hp-I-bp-≈q-sh∂pw ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn-
te-°p≈ B alm-{]-bm-W-Øn\v {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw thZ-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw \sΩ
hgn \bn-°p-∂p-sh∂pw Ckvemw kwkvIrXn \sΩ-b-\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p∂p.
Cu Bi-b-]-c-amb khn-ti-j-]-›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv Ckvem-anI
PohnXw ]Sp-Øp-b¿Ø-s∏-´n-´p-≈Xv. CXp-t]mse et£ym-∑p-J-ambn `{Z-
ambn {]mtbm-KnI Pohn-XsØ Nn´-s∏-Sp-Ønb as‰mcp aX-an√. GI-ssZ-
h-Ønepw Ahs‚ {]hm-N-I-\nepw {]hm-N-I-\n-eqsS Ah-Xo¿Wamb thZ-
{K-Ÿ-Øn-epap≈ AN-©-e-amb hnizmkw, \a-kvIm-c-{In-b-Iƒ, Iptd-
°qSn D]m-k-\m-{]-h-W-amb {hXm-\p-jvTm\w, kaql _m[y-X-bpsS I¿a
X-eambn cq]-s∏-Sp-Ønb k°mØv, Cuiz-tcm-∑p-J-amb ka¿∏-W-Øns‚
l÷v I¿Ωw ˛ Cu B[m-c-in-e-I-fn-emWv Ckvemw Db¿Ø-s∏-´Xv.
t\cw In´p∂ t\cØv AXn-em-L-h-tØmsS Hm¿°-s∏-tS≠ H∂√
Cuiz-cm-kvXnXzw F∂v \n¿_-‘-ap-≈-Xp-sIm-≠mWv ]©-\n-kvIm-c-߃
k\n-jvI¿jw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈Xv. hml-\-ß-fn¬ KXn-th-Kw-sIm≠v
Adn-hns‚ ap∂n¬ kmZcw kXy-thZw 133
NqSp-]n-Sn-°p∂ b{¥-`mKw s]m´n-Ø-I-cm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n-bmWv
b{¥-Øn-∂` - n-ap-Ja
- mbn t^\n´v Ipfn-tc-In-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-∂Xv. Pohn-XØ
- n¬
Bflob Nn¥-bpsS AYhm aXm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fpsS {]tbm-P\w AXp-Iq-
Sn-bmWv. Pohn-X-Øn\pw kaq-l-\-∑bv°pw A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-amb Cu
Bflob i‡n-bmWv \a-kvImchrØn kΩm-\n-°p-∂Xv. Cuiz-c-hn-izm-
khpw \a-kvImc {Inb-Ifpw Hcp-hs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse {Inbm-flI i‡n-
bmbn ]cn-W-an-°p∂p. AXp-hgn hnIm-c-ßsf \nb-{¥n-°p-hm\pw \oN-hr-
Øn-I-fn¬\n∂v hn´p-\nev°m\pw Ign-bp∂p.
Bflo-b-N-cy-Iƒ°v A\\y km[m-c-W-amb Hcp khn-ti-j-X-bp≠v.
km[m-cW kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ \ma-X-dn-bp-∂n√. \Ωn¬ \nKq-l\w sNø-s∏-
´n-cn-°p∂ al-Ømb i‡nhnti-j-ßsf t{]m÷z-en-∏n®v ]pd-Øp-sIm-
≠p-h-cp-hm≥ Bflo-b-N-cy-I-fpsS A\p-[ym\w sIm≠pw A\p-jvTm\w
sIm≠pw km[n-°p∂p. {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fpsS a\ximkv{X-]-c-amb hni-
I-e\w B Zni-bn-te-°mWv \sΩ \bn-°p-∂Xv. _mly-Po-hn-X-Øns‚
hnIm-k-hr-≤n-Iƒ°v \mw kln-t°≠nhcp∂ t¢i-߃ \nc-h-[n-bmWv.
A{X-X-s∂tbm Hcp]t£ AXn-te-sdtbm {iaw-sIm-≠p-am{Xw ssIh-cn-
°m≥ Ign-bp∂ H∂mWv Bflo-tbm¬°¿jw F∂mW\pam\n-t°-≠Xv.
t¢i-]¿∆-ßsf AXn-Zn-hy-amb e£y-km-£m¬°m-c-Øn-\p≈ X]-ky-
bmbn kzbw hcn-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-h¿°v am{Xta B cwKØv apt∂-dm-
s\m°q. Ahn-sS-bmWv {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fpsS {]k‡n {]I-S-am-Ip-∂Xv.
hnImc hnNm-c-ßsf IgpIn shSp-∏m-°m\pw Aæ-ip-≤n°v hnt[-b-am-
°m\pw {hX-N-cy-Iƒ°v km[n-°p∂p. {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-Øn-eqsS a\- ns‚
[¿Ω {]h-W-amb ]p\xkrjvSn-bmWv km[n-°p-∂Xv. Bflob hntc-N-\-
Øn-eqsS \ho-I-cn-°-s∏-´ -a-\- p-ambn A\p-I¿Ømhv ]p\¿P-\n-°p-I-
bmWv.
aXm-fl-I-X-bpsS hnin-jvSm-\p-`qXn bYm¿lw ]I¿∂p-X-cp-hm≥ a\-
 n-s\m∏w ico-chpw hnip-≤hpw ssNX-\y-hØp-am-IWw. ""a\pjy icocw
hnkva-b-I-c-amb ssNX-\ysØ kwh-ln®p\nev°p∂ Hcp i‡nkw`cWn-
bmWv. Cu i‡n bYm-tbmKyw {]h¿Øn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ AXns‚
{]h¿Ø-\-tijn \n¿ho-cy-am-Ip-Itbm Zp¿hn-\n-tbmKw sNø-s∏-Sp-Itbm
sNbvtX°pw. A[¿an-Ifpw Ahn-th-In-Ifpw {`m¥-Nn-Ø-cp-am-bnt∏m-Ip-∂-
Xn¬\n∂v \sΩ c£n-°p-Is - b-∂X- t{X tZl-Øns‚ kzmÿy-Øn\v Du∂¬
sImSp-Øp-sIm-≠p≈ {hXm-\p-jvTm\w sIm≠v km[n-°p-∂Xv. D]-hm-kw-
sIm≠v ico-c-Øns‚ "ck-X-{¥-'amsI amdp∂p. ]cn-an-X-amb tPmentb
ico-c-Øn\v At∏m-gp≈q. hb-dn∂v H∂pw sNøm-\n√. hb-dn∂v H∂pw
sNøm-\n-√m-Xm-Ip-tºmƒ hb-dn¬\n∂v A[nIw Du¿Pw akvXn-jvI-Øn-
te°v Xncn-®p-hn-S-s∏-Sp∂p. Hcmƒ A[nIw Xn∂p-tºmƒ Be-kyhpw ab-
°hpw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp∂p; s]s´∂v Dd°w hcp∂p. AXn∂v ImcWw,
IqSpX¬ Du¿Pw Zl-\-{In-b-bv°mbn D]-tbm-Kn-°p∂p F∂-XmWv. Xe-
bn¬ Bekyw IS-s∂-Øp-∂Xv At∏m-gmWv. kwkmc kmK-c-Ønse
ISØph©n-bmWv ico-c-sa-¶n¬ ico-c-Øns‚ BtcmKyw {]Y-aX ]cn-K-
Wn-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-sW∂v Ckvemw \njvI¿jn-°p∂p.
134 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
""\o \nkvImcw apdbv°v \n¿h-ln-°pI. \nkvImcw Zp¿hrØn-sbbpw
\njn≤ I¿Ω-ß-sfbpw XSbpw. A√m-lpsh Hm¿an-°¬ Hcp alm-Imcyw
Xs∂-bmWv.'' (hn.-Jp. 29:45)
thZ-{K-Ÿ-Øn¬ Fßs\ \a-kvI-cn-°Ww, AYhm \a-kvIm-c-{I-a-
sa¥v F∂v hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´n-s√-¶nepw {]hm-N-I≥ AXns‚ kphniZ cq]w
t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn´p≠v. Jp¿-B-\nse hN-\-߃°pw hcn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-
ep≈ \nKq-Vm¿Y-߃°pw kzPohn-Xw-sIm≠v hymJym\w \n¿h-Nn®
{]hm-N-Is‚ Ncy-Iƒ {it≤-bßfm-Wv. Xs‚ A¥y-\m-fp-I-fn-e-mWv {]hm-
N-I≥ hn[n-]q¿h-Iamb l÷v \n¿h-ln-®-Xv. AXv tkmt±iy-am-bn-cp∂p.
Fßs\ l÷v I¿aa\p-jvTn-°-W-sa∂v A\p-N-c-∑msc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-
hm-\m-bn-cp∂p AXv. A∂mWv, C∂pw A\p-k-‘m\w sNø-s∏-Sp∂ l÷v
I¿Ω-Øns‚ ktN-X-\-amb amXr-Im-cq]w Bhn-jvIr-X-am-b-Xv. AXp-
t]mse \a-kvImc Imcy-Øn¬ {]hm-N-Is‚ hmsamgn Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-
amWv. {]hm-N-I≥ ]d™p:
""Rm≥ \nkvI-cn-°p∂ coXn-bn¬ \n߃ \nkvI-cn-°pI'' F∂v.
Blm-c-sam-gn-hm-°p-I-b√, kpJ-t`m-K-ß-fp-t]-£n-°p-I-bp-a√ {hXm-\p-
jvTm-\-Øns‚ e£yw AYhm e£Ww. Cuiz-tcm-≥apJ-ambn Bfl-\n-b-
{¥Ww ]men®v tZmj-_m-[-bpsS t\sc Pm{KX kq£n-°p-I-bmWv {hXm-
\p-jvTm-\w-sIm-≠p-t±-in-°p-∂Xv. ""\o \nkvImcw apdbv°p \n¿h-ln-°pI''
F∂v Jp¿-B≥ \n¿tZ-in-°p-tºmƒ apS-ßmsX \n¿h-ln-°pI F∂v am{X-
a√ A¿Yw. \a-kvImcI¿a-Øns‚ DZm-Ø-amb e£yhpw hnip-≤n-bp-
apƒs°m≠v lrZ-bw-K-a-ambn \n¿h-ln-°pI F∂-Xm-W¿Yw. \nev°pI,
Ip\n-bpI, GXm\pw hmIy-ß-fp-cp-hn-SpI F∂n-ßs\ B¿°pw A\m-
bmkw sNøm-hp∂ ]pdw-N-S-ßp-I-f√ \a-kvIm-cw-sIm-≠p-t±-in-°p-∂Xv.
Aßs\ Bcm-[-\-bpsS Bfl-`m-h-a-h-K-Wn®v ]pdw-N-S-ßp-I-fnepw hmNnI
hymbm-a-ß-fnepw \a-kvIm-csØ HXp°n\n¿Øp∂Xv K¿l-Wo-b-amb
Imcy-am-sW∂v ""\nkvIm-c-°m¿°v hºn® \miw ˛ AXm-b-Xv \n-kvIm-c-
Øn¬ A{i-≤-cm-hp-∂-h¿°v'' (107:4˛5) F∂ ssZh-h-N\w Ak-µn-KvZ-ambn
shfn-hm-°p∂p. At∏mƒ "apdbv°p \n¿h-ln-°pI'F∂-Xns‚ ip≤-amb
`mjyw, a\- -dn™p \n¿h-ln-°pI F∂mWv. ssZh-Øn¬ a\ v tI{µo-
I-cn-°pI, ZpjvIy-Xy-ßsf XS-bm≥ ]cym-]vX-amw-hn[w `b-ap-≠m-°pI ˛
F∂nh AXns‚ Ahn-`m-Py-L-S-I-ß-fm-sW-∂p-h-cp∂p.
A`ni-]vXc - mbn \c-IØ
- n¬ Ign-bp-∂h - t- cmSv Ah-cpsS Zpc-hÿ
- bv°v
Imc-W-sa-s¥∂v Bcm-bp∂ cwKw Jp¿-B-\n¬ Cßs\ Nn{Xo-I-cn-®n-
´p≠v. ""\nß-sf \c-IØ - n¬ {]th-in-∏n-®s- X-¥p-sIm-≠mWv? Ah¿ ]dbpw:
R߃ \nkvI-cn-°p-∂-h-cn¬ s]´-h-c√; R߃ AK-Xn-Iƒ°v Blmcw
sImSp-Øn-cp-∂p-an√''F∂v (hn.Jp: 74:42˛44)'' \a-kvIm-c-{In-b-bn¬\n∂v
amdn-\n-ev°p-∂-h≥ am{X-a√, hnI-e-ambn, Ahn-ip-≤-ambn \a-kvIm-c-{In-b-
bm-N-cn-°p-∂-h\pw ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ A]-cm-[n-bmWv. a\- nse amen-\y-
߃ Igp-In-°-f-bp-∂-Xn\pw XpS¿∂v amen-\y-ta-imØ hn[w a\- ns‚
{]Xn-tcm-[-i‡n hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-\p-ap≈ B¥-cnI NnIn-’-bmWv
{hXm-\p-jvTm-\w-sIm≠v km[n-°p-∂Xv. ]t£, AXns‚ i‡n km[yXI-
a\x-ip-≤n-°p≈ awK-f-thf 135
ƒ {hX-a-\p-jvTn-°p-∂-hs‚ Bflm¿Y-X-tbbpw XZv-hn-j-b-I-amb Ah-
t_m-[-sØbpw B{i-bn-®p-\n-ev°p∂p. Km‘n-Pn-bpsS ssIbn¬ \ncm-
lmcw DXvIr-jvShpw DZm-Ø-hp-amb Hcm-bp-[-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ C∂Xv
]e-cp-sSbpw ssII-fn¬ Zp¿_-ehpw ]cn-lm-ky-hp-amb tIh-e-samcp
{IoU-\o-b-I-ambn ]cn-W-an-®n-cn-°p∂p. I≈-°-Ω-´-ßfpw hymP-hm‰v tI{µ-
ßfpw s]cp-Ip-tºmƒ auenIX Hcp aco-Nn-I-bmbn amdp∂p F∂-XmWv
kXyw. ""Unkw-_¿ 24, 25 Xnø-Xn-I-fn¬ {InkvXp-a- ns‚ A¥:ku`m-Ky-
Øn\v \nc-°m-Ø-XmWv temI-Øm-N-cn-®p-h-cp-∂Xv'' F∂v {]kn-≤-amb
tdmam-k\ - ym-kn-bmb Utbm-\o-jykv FIvkn-Kyqkv kqNn-∏n-°p-Ib - p-≠mbn.
as‰√mw t]mse {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-ßfpw Bflmhv \jv´-s∏´ tIh-em-Nm-c-
ß-fmbn amdn-°-gn-™n-cn-°p∂p. Cuiz-tcm-∑p-J-ambn, Bfl-\n-b-{¥Ww
km[n®v, tZmj-_m-[-bpsS t\sc \nXm¥ Pm{KX ]men-°pI F∂ {hXm-
\p-jvTm-\-ß-fpsS hn`m-hn-X-e£yw Adn-™-\p-k-cn-°p-∂-h¿ A]q¿∆-am-
sb-¶n-ep-am-≠mImw F∂v \ap-°m-iz-kn-°pI.
{hX-a-\p-jvTn-°mØ aX-Xe-߃ hfsc hnc-f-amWv. {]mNo-\-Imew
apXevt° CXns‚ A\p-h¿Ø\w Bcw-`n-®n-cp∂p F∂p ImWmw. ]pcm-
X\ CuPn-]vXn¬ ]ptcm-lnX-∑mcpw `‡-P-\-ßfpw H∂-c -am-k-°mew
\o≠p-\n-ev°p∂ {hX-ß-fm-N-cn-®-Xmbn Ncn{XtcJ-I-fp≠v. kp{]-[m\
Imcy-ß-fm-cw-`n-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-®m¬ \neØv N{aw]Sn-™n-cp∂v aWn-°q-
dp-It- fmfw, Pe-]m-\w-t]m-ep-ap-t]-£n®v D]hm-ka - m-Nc
- n-®p-t]m∂ {Koknse
Nne- P-\-]-Z-ßsf ChnsS Hm¿Øp-t]m-Ip∂p. IpSpw-_-Øn\pw kaq-l-
Øn\pw h∂p-s]-Sp∂ hn]-Øp-I-fpsS \mfp-I-fn¬ cm∏-I-ep-I-fn-√msX, Dan-
\o-cp-t]m-ep-an-d°
- msX No\-°m¿ {hX-am-Nc - n-°m-dp-s≠-∂mWv Ncn{X kqN\.
PqX-∑m-cpsS thZ-{K-Ÿ-amb Xudm-Øn¬ {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈
]cm-a¿i-ß-fp≠v. Ah-cpsS {]hm-N-I-\mb aqkm-\_n \mev]Xp Znhkw
D]-hm-k-a-\p-jvTn-®-Xmbpw kaql c£bv-°mbn Bcm-[-\m-e-b-߃°p
kao]w ]I-e-¥n-tbm-f-an-cp∂v {hX-N-cy-a-\p-jvTn-°m-dp-≈-Xmbpw Ncn-{X-tc-
J-I-fp≠v. {hXm-N-c-W-Øn¬ {InkvXpaX hnizm-kn-Ifpw ]n≥\n-c-°m-c√.
\ncm-lm-c-{h-Xhpw D]hm-khpw au\m-N-c-W-hpw Km‘nPn ]I¿Øn-bXv
sslµ-hm-Nm-c-ß-fn¬\n∂mWv. F∂m¬ {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-Øn¬ Ime-°m-
t‰-‰p-e-bmsX BZ¿i-\n-jvT-tbmSpw \n¿_‘ _p≤n-tbmSpw IqSn apt∂m´p
t]mIp∂ Ckvemwhnizm-kn-Iƒ Gsd {it≤-b-cmWv. kq£va ssNX-\y-
Øns‚ kXy-ip-≤-amb hni-I-e-\w-sIm≠v Imem-Xn-h-¿-XnØzw t\Sn-°-
gn™ Jp¿-B-\nse kq‡-߃ km¿h-tZ-iob Xe-Øn¬ BZ-cn-°-s∏-
Sp∂p. ]hn-{X-X-tbm-Xp∂ da-Zms‚ Xncp-∏n-d-hn-bn¬ ]Sn-™m-d≥ N{I-hm-f-
Øn¬ sXfn-™p-b-cp∂ N{µ-°e ImWp-tºmƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ tcma-
l¿j-a-Wnbpw. ]pXnb {]`m-X-Øns‚ IXn¿sh-´-Øn¬ {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-
Øns‚ P]-ame ssIhn-c-ep-I-fn¬ De-™mSpw. Ime-Øns‚ Im¥n--{]-
kcw i∆m¬ amk-Øn\v ssIamdpw hsc {hXm-\p-jvTm\w A`wKw XScpw.
{hX-am-N-cn-°p∂ kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS a\- ns‚ Bg-ß-fn¬ hen-
sbmcp kz]v\-ap≠v. kXy hnizm-kn°v bYm¿Y Pohn-Xhpw kXy-ip-≤-
amb hne-bn-cp-Ø-en-e-qsS \evI-s∏-Sp∂ {]Xn-^-ehpw ssIh-cp-∂Xv ]c-
136 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw a\x-ip-≤n-°p≈ awK-f-thf 137

tem-I-Øp-sh-®mWv. AXn-te-°p≈ Xøm-sdSp-∏mWv Ahs‚ Cl-temI ae-°p-I-fn-d-ßp∂ alm-cm-{Xn-bm-WXv. Jp¿-Bs‚ Ah-X-c-W-am-cw-`n-

PohnXw. Chn-SsØ kzc-N-e-\-ß-sf√mw AhnsS \njv-]-£-ambn hne-bn- ®Xv B amk-Øn-emWv. F∂m¬ A\m-bmkw B hn-ip-≤-cm-{Xn-bpsS
cp-Ø-s∏Spw. B hntim-[-\m-hr-Øn-bn¬ hnP-bn-°m-\p≈ hncpXpw hn`q- k¿hm-Xn-im-bn-bmb kuµcyw Bkz-Zn-°m≥ a\p-jy¿°v Ign™p F∂v
Xnbpw ChnsS sh®mWv kam¿Pn-°p-∂Xv. ]ngbv-°msX, a\xip≤n-tbmsS, hc-cpXv. Ah¿ Ipd®v A[zm-\n-°Ww. AXp-sIm-≠mWv B cm{Xn GsX∂v
thZ-{KŸw sXfn-®p-Im-´p∂ hnip-≤ -am¿KØn-eqsS apt∂m´p \oßWw. IrXy-ambn sXfn-®-p]-d-bm≥ ssZh-sam-cp-ßm-™Xv. kzev]w A[zm-\-Øn-
B Xo¿Y{]-bm-W-Ønse KXn-{Iaw ]p\:{Iao-I-cn-°m-\p≈ awK-f-th-f- s‚bpw kl-\-Øn-s‚bpw D∏p tN¿∂mte hn`-h-Øn\v kzmZp-≠mhq F∂-
bmWv {hXImew. hn[n ]q¿hIw hnP-b-I-c-ambn s\mbºv \n¿h-ln-°p- dn-bp∂ ssZhw a\p-jy-\n¬ D¬°-WvTbpw DtZz-Khpw Pn⁄m-k-bp-ap-
Ibpw {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNbvX-h¿t° A¥y-Zn-\-Øn¬ kz¿-K- W¿Øm≥ B{K-ln-®p-ImWpw. {]hm-N-I-\v-t]mepw ku`m-Ky-]q¿W-amb
Ønse døm≥ F∂ t]cn-ep≈ kph¿W Ihm-S-Øn-eqsS IS∂p t]mIm≥ B cm{Xn-sb-°p-dn®v kq£vaambn Adn-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv
km[n-°p-I-bp≈q. {]hm-N-I≥ daZm≥ amkØnse Ah-km-\sØ ]Øp-Zn-hkw cm]-I-en-
a\p-jy-c-psS ]cn-an-Xn-I-sf-°p-dn®pw ]cn-`-h-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw A√m-lp- √msX ssZhm-cm-[-\-bn¬ \njvWn-X-\m-bXv. A√m-lp-hns‚ GI-Xz-Ønepw
Xn-I®pw t_m[-hm-\mWv. ITn-\hpw I¿°-i-hp-amb D]m-[n-Ifpw ]co-£- Xncp-Zq-X-cnepw thZ-{K-Ÿ-Ønepw hne-bn-®p-In-S-°p∂ hnizm-kn-bpsS hnip-
W-ßfpw hgn˛kv{SnIv‰v sk≥k-dnwKv hgn ˛ kz¿K{]m]vXn-°p≈ døm≥ ≤-a-\ v Ah-km-\sØ ]Øp-\m-fp-I-sfm-∂n¬ B alm-\p-`hw kzmwio-
IS-°p-∂h - c
- psS FÆw Ipd-®p-sIm-≠p-hc - W- s - a∂ {Iqc-a\ - s
-  m∂pw ssZh- I-cn®n°pw F∂ Imcy-Øn¬ ktµ-l-an√. C°m-eØv Jp¿-B≥ apgp-h\pw
Øn-\n√. ssZhw ]c-a-Im-cp-Wy-I\pw Zbm-]-c-\p-amWv. AXp-sIm≠v a\p-jy- Hcm-hrØn- hm-bn-°Ww. [ym\-\n-c-X-cmbn ]≈n-bn¬ D]-hm-k-an-cn-°-W-
tcmSv DZm-c-X-Im-Wn®v {hX-m-\p-jvTm-\-ß-fnepw \nc-h[n Cf-hp-Iƒ A\p-h- sa∂pw Xncp-sam-gn-I-fp≠v. ]pWy-I¿a-߃°v Gsd {]Xn-^ew In´p∂
Zn-®n-´p≠v. Ime-am-b-Xn-\m¬ Zm\-[¿a-߃°v Cu awK-f-thf hnin-jvS-sa∂v Io¿Øn-
FÆ-s∏´ GXm\pw Znh-k-ßtf °-s∏-Sp∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Ckv-em-ans‚ I¿a]cn-]m-Sn-bnse k°m-Øns‚
{hX-am-N-cn-t°-≠-Xp≈q. \n¿h-lWw Cu Ime-ØmWv \S-°p-∂Xv.
tcmK-_m[, am‰n-sh-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø- bm{X A®-S-°-Øns‚ al-Ømb Hc-\p-io-e\w IqSn-bmWv t\mºv. Bfl-
F∂n-h-Im-c-W-ambn, Aku-I-cy-ap-≠m-bm¬ \n-b-{¥-W-amWv AXn-\p-≈- am¿Kw. {hX-a-\p-jvTn-°p∂ Bƒ sX‰v ]d-b-
a‰v Znhk-ß-fn¬ {hX-sa-SpØv cpXv, Dd-s°-kw-km-cn-°p-I -t]m-ep-a-cpXv. Bsc-¶nepw Ahs\ iIm-cn-°p-
Ah ]q¿Øn-bm-°Ww. Itbm Ah-t\mSv iWvTbv°p-sN-√p-Itbm sNbvXm¬ "Rm≥ t\mºp-Im-
{]bm-k-s∏´v t\mºp-t\mevt°≠nhcp∂ c-\m-sW'∂v Ah≥ ]d-t™ms´ F∂p≈ lZo-kv _pJmcn D≤-cn-®n-´p≠v.
kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ Hcp-h≥ t\mºv Dt]-£n-°p-∂-]£w Pohn-Xa - `- n-ap-Jo-Ic
- n-°p∂ {]iv\ß
- sf £am-]q¿hw t\cn-Sm-\p≈ a\°cpØv
Ah≥ Hc-K-Xn°v {]mb-›n-Ø-ambn kºm-Zn-°m≥ IqSn {hXm-\p-jvTm\w {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-∂p≠v.
Blmcw \evIWw. ""sht´‰v Bk-∂-a-c-W-\mbn∏nS-bp∂ Hcp t]mcmfn ˛ Zml-P-e-hp-
{hX-cm-{Xn-I-fn¬ `mcy-am-cn¬\n∂v ambn sN√p∂ kl- tk\m\ntbmSv X\n°v t\mºp≠v, t\mtºm-Sp-IqSn
AI∂v Pohn-t°-≠-Xn√. acWw hcn-°m-\mWv Rm\n-jvS-s∏-Sp-∂Xv F∂p ]d™p hne-°p∂p!''
ImcWw ""Ah¿ \n߃°v hkv{Xhpw hnizmk hnkva-b-Øn\v CXn-s\-°mƒ {]Im-i-an-b∂ as‰m-cp-Zm-l-cWw
\n߃ Ah¿°v hkv{Xhpw BIp∂p.'' ImWn-°m≥ ]‰ptam?
K¿`n-Wn-Iƒ°pw ape-sIm-Sp-°p∂ kv{XoIƒ°pw Bcm-[-\m-e-b-ß-fn-sem-Øp-tN¿∂v A¿Y-a-dn™v thZ-{KŸw Bkz-
EXp-hmbh¿°pw s]‰v InS-°p-∂-h¿°pw Zn-°p-∂-Xn\pw hnim-e-amb hn`mhn-X-e-£y-ßtfm-sS-bm-hn-jv°-cn® Zm\-
kuI-cy-ß-f-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p≠v. [¿aß-fn¬ lrZ-b-]q¿h-I-amb \njvT {]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\pw {]hm-N-I≥
A\p-h¿Øn-°m-\m-hmØ hyh-ÿI - f- h
- X- c
- n-∏n®v hnizm-kn-Isf hnj- Xs‚ hnS-hm-߬ {]`m-j-W-Øn-eqsS kw£n-]vX-am-b-h-X-cn-∏n® Jpdm-
an-∏n-°m-\√ thZ-{K-Ÿ-am-{K-ln-°p-∂Xv. A√m-lp-hn\v am{X-a-dn-bm-hp∂ \nI ktµ-i-ßsf Hcn-°¬°qSn Adn-™pƒs°m-≈p-hm-\p≈ hnip-≤
Nne alm kXy-߃ Nq≠n-°m-´n-s°m-≠mWv da-Zm-\nse {hXm-\p-jvTm\w th-f-bmWv {hX-Im-e-sa∂v hnizm-kn-Iƒ a\- n-em-°p-sa-¶n¬ \∂v. hntizm-
hnizm-kn-Iƒ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-ØWw F∂v A\pimkn-®Xv. \√ a\- p-≈- Ø-c-amb kXy-hn-izm-k-Øns‚ A·n-i-me-I-fmbn kzbw amdm\pw, a\-
h¿°v `qan-bn¬ kam-[m\w F∂p-am-{X-a√ ]c-tem-I-Ønse ]c-a-amb  ns\ amen-\y-ß-fn¬\n∂v hnap-‡-am-°m\pw Pohn-X-sØ-Xs∂ tZmj-
AwKo-Im-chpw A\\y e_v[-amb {]Xn-^-ehpw ssIh-cp∂p F∂p IqSn- _m-[bv-°-Xo-X-ambn \nev°m≥ \nXm¥ Pm{K-X-]m-en-°m\pw {hX-Imew
A-√mlp Adn-bn-°p∂p. daZm≥ amkw kap¬Ir-jvS-amWv. da-Zm≥ cm{Xn hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v i‡n kn≤n-I-tf-Is´!
Bbncw amk-ß-sf-°mƒ D¬IrjvS-amWv. ""a\p-jy-cm-in°v am¿KZ¿i-I-ambpw k∑m¿K-Øn-s‚bpw kXym-k-
138 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Xy-hn-th-N-\-Øn-s‚bpw hy‡-amb sXfn-hp-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb Jp¿-B≥ Ah-
X-cn® amk-at{X da-Zm≥ ˛ \nß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ B amk-Øn¬ lmP-dp-
≈-h-sc√mw t\mº-\p-jvTn-°s´.'' 2:185
""kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf, \n߃°v apºp-≈-h-tcmSv Iev]n-®-Xp-t]mse
\nß-tfmSpw CXm {hXm-\p-jvTm\w \n¿_-‘-ambn Iev]n-°p∂p; \n߃
kq£-vaX ]men-°m≥ th≠n-bm-WnXv.'' (2:183)
24
kwkvI-cn-°m\pw kar-≤-am-°m\pw
k°mØv
kXy-hn-izm-kn-bpsS a\- n¬ sXfn-™p-hn-f-ßp-∂Xpw \nd-™p-h-gn-bp-∂-
Xp-amb atlm-÷ze {]Xn-`m-k-amWv A√m-lp-hn-ep≈ AN-©e hnizmkw.
AJ-fihpw AZz-b-hp-amb ssZh-Øns‚ AkvXn-Xz-Øn¬ De-bmØ
hnizmkw kq£n-°p∂ apk¬am≥ Xs‚ hnNm-c-hr-Øn-I-sf√mw B Znhy
k∂n-[n-bn¬ ka¿]n-°p∂p. Znh-k-Øn¬ A©p-t\-c-sa-¶nepw ssZh-Øn-
\p-ap-∂n¬ {]m¿Y-\m-RvP-en-bp-ambn kzbw ka¿∏n®p kXy-hn-izmkn kZm
ssZthm-∑p-J-ambn Pohn-°p∂p F∂-XmWv kXyw. F√m aX-ßfpw A\p-
bm-bn-Iƒ°v {]m¿Y-\m-\n-c-X-amb ]hn-{X-th-f-Iƒ \njvI¿jn-°p-∂p-s≠-
¶nepw AXn∂v kXy-th-Z-hn-izm-kw-t]mse C{X-tbsd {]map-Jyhpw {]mY-
ayhpw \evIp∂ as‰mcp aX-an√; AXp-sIm≠v Ckvem-ans‚ kam-Zr-X-amb
I¿a-]-≤-Xn-I-fn¬ \a-kvIm-c-{In-bbv-°mWv apJyX \evIn-bn-´p-≈Xv. sXm´-
Sp-Ø-XmWv k°mØv.
k°mØv tIh-e-samcp kw`m-h-\-b√; [m¿an-I-ambn \n¿hln-°-s∏-
a\x-ip-≤n°p≈ awK-f-thf 139
Sp∂ Hcp Zm\-hp-a√. k°mØv Hcp \nIp-Xn-bmWv. temI-N-cn-{X-Øn¬,
BZy-ambn Npa-Ø-s∏´ {Iao-Ir-Xhpw \ymb-]q¿W-hp-amb \nIpXn.
k°mØv F∂ ]Z-Øn\v kwkvIc - n-°pI, ip≤o-I-cn-°pI XpS-ßnb
A¿Y-X-e-ß-fm-Wp-≈Xv. hf¿®, [\yX XpS-ßnb A¿Ym-¥-c-ß-fp-ap≠v.
hn[n]q¿hIw kImØv sImSp-°p-tºmƒ am{Xsa Xs‚ ssIh-i-ap≈
kºØv hnip-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p≈q F∂mWv hnh£. hf¿® F∂
A¿Y-amWv k°mØv hn`m-h\ sNøp-∂-sX-¶n¬ hnizm-kn-bpsS kmº-
Øn-I-amb hnIm-k-hr-≤n-Iƒ°v k°mØv A\p-{K-l-Zm-b-I-ambn h¿Øn-
°p∂p F∂m-Wp-t±iyw. [\yX F∂ A¿Y-hm-Nn-bmb ]Z-amWv k°m-
sØ-¶n¬ kº-∂s‚ am\-knI kwXr-]vXn°v k°mØv A\p-t]-£-
Wobw F∂v kn≤n-°p∂p. a\- ns\ kwkvI-cn-°m≥ IqSn CXv {]tbm-P-
\-s∏-Sp∂p F∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv A√mlp CXns\ k°mØv F∂v hnfn-®Xv.
""\o Ah-cpsS kzØn¬\n∂v Ahsc kwkvI-cn-°p-Ibpw ip≤o-I-cn-
°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Zm\w hmßpI'' ˛ (9:104) F∂ Jp¿-B-\nI hN\w
shfn-hm-°p-∂Xv k°mØv ssZhn-I-amb A\p-im-k-\-amWv F∂t{X. \a-
kvImcw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ Iev]n-°p∂ Hmtcm kq‡-tØm-Sp-a-\p-_-‘n®v
k°mØv sImSp-°m-\p≈ \n¿tZ-ihpw ImWmw. AXn-\m¬ kXy-hn-izm-
kn-bpsS I¿a-]q¿W-Xbv°pw PohnX [\y-Xbv°pw k°mØv A\n-hm-cy-
amWv F∂p hcp∂p.
""\n߃ \a-kvImc I¿aw IrXy-ambn \n¿hln°Ww; k°mØv
sImSp-°p-Ibpw thWw.''
""Ah¿ ]›m-Ø] - n-°p-Ibpw \a-kvImcw \ne\n¿Øp-Ibpw k°mØv
sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ah¿ aX-Øn¬ \nß-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-
∑m-cmIpw.'' (Xu_ ˛11)
P\-߃ `c-W-Iq-S-Øn\v \evIp∂ tIhe \nIp-Xn-b√ k°mØv.
{]XypX a\p-jy≥ Xß-fpsS {kjvSm-hns‚ imk-\-Iƒ°-\p-kr-X-ambn
{kjvSm-hns‚ ap∂n-e¿∏n-°p∂ al-Ømb Bcm-[-\-bm-WXv. k°mØv
sIm≠v kzcq-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ \n[n A\p-`-hn-°m-\¿l-cm-b-h-cm-sc∂v \n›-bn-
°-s∏-´n-´p≠v.
kXy-ambpw IjvS-X-b-\p-`-hn-°p-∂-hcpw
sRcp-°-s∏´p Ign-bp∂ Zcn-{Zcpw
k°m-Øv hIp-∏nse tPmen-°mcpw
kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv lrZ-ssb-Iy-ap-≈-hcpw
tamN-\-am-{K-ln-°p∂ ASn-a-Ifpw
EW-_m-[y-X-aqew hnj-an-°p-∂-hcpw
ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ t]mcm-Sp-∂-hcpw
sXmgn¬, hnZym-`ymkw XpS-ßnb
Bh-iy-߃°p-th≠n bm{X sNtø-≠n-h-cp-∂-hcpw
k°m-Øn-\-h-Im-in-I-fmWv.
""\n›-b-ambpw [¿a-߃ Zcn-{Z¿°pw ]mh-s∏´h¿°pw AXn-∂p-
th≠n {]h¿Øn-°p-∂h - ¿°pw lrZb߃ CW-°s - ∏-´h
- ¿°pw ASn-
a-I-fpsS Imcy-Ønepw IS-s∏-´-h¿°pw A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Ønepw
140 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
hgn-bm-{X-°m-c∂pw Xs∂-bm-hp∂p. A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂p≈ \n¿Æ-b-
at{X AXv. A`n-⁄\pw bp‡nam\p-am-Ip∂p A√mlp.'' (hn.Jp.
9:60)
A¿l-cm-bh - ¿°v ssZh-\oXym e`n-t°≠ Ah-Im-iß - f - p-ambn _‘-
s∏-´-Xp-sIm≠v Bsc-¶nepw k°mØv \evIm≥ aSn-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Ah-
cn¬\n∂v k°mØv _ew{]tbm-Kn®v ]ncn-s®-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ckvem-anI hyh-
ÿ-bn¬ A\p-hm-Z-ap≠v. AXn-t\m-Sp≈ A\m-Z-chv A£-¥-hy-am-sW∂v
A[n-IrX hN-\-ß-fp-ap≠v:
""apkvenw Zcn-{Z-∑m-cpsS Bh-iy-Øn\v aXn-bm-hp∂ XpI apkvenw
kº-∂-cpsS [\-Øn¬ A√mlp \n¿_‘am-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p. Zcn-{Z-
∑m¿ hnit∂m \Kv\cmtbm IjvS-s∏-Sp-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ AXv Xß-fpsS
[\n-I-∑m-cpsS Zpjv{]-hr-Øn-sIm≠v am{X-amWv. Adn-bpI, A√mlp
Ahsc ITn-\-ambn tNmZywsNøpw. Ah¿°v ITn-\-amb in£ \evIp-
Ibpw sNøpw.''
[\n-I-cmb apkvenw-I-fn¬\n∂v \n›nX \nc-°n¬ \n¿_-‘-ambn
]ncn-s®-SpØv \n¿ZnjvS P\-hn-`m-K-߃°mbn hnX-cWw sNø-s∏-Sp∂
s]mXp-ap-X-embn k°mØv ]hn-{Xo-I-cn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p.
Zm\-[¿a-ßsf Ime-tZ-im-Xo-Xa - mbn, kI-ecpw ]pWy-I¿a-ambn AwKo-
I-cn-®n-´p≠v. F∂m¬ Zm\-amtbm DZm-cX - s
- Im≠v \n¿h-ln-°s - ∏-Sp∂ ]pWy-
hr-Øn-bmtbm Icp-X-s∏-SmØ k°m-Øns‚ khn-ti-jX Nn¥-\o-b-
amWv.
""`qan-bn-ep-≈-sX√mw \n߃°p-th≠n krjvSn-®n-cn-°p-∂-h-\s{X
Ah≥'' (2:29) F∂ kq‡w ssZh-Øns‚ A\n-tj-[y-amb A[o-i-Xz-
sØ-°p-dn®v a\p-jy-cm-insb A\p-kva-cn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv. D]-t`m-Km-h-Imiw
am{X-ap≈ a\p-jy\v ÿmh-c-Pw-Ka hkvXp-°-fpsS ap∂n¬ £Wn-I-amb
Ime-tØ-°m-sW-¶nepw, Xm\m-W-Xns‚ Ah-Imin F∂v tXm∂n-tb°mw.
AXv tIh-e-samcp tXm∂¬. BXy-¥nI hni-I-e-\-Øn¬ F√m DS-am-h-
Im-i-ßfpw DS-b-X-ºp-cm-∂p-≈-XmWv.
`qan-bn-ep-≈-sX√mw a\p-jy¿°v th≠n-bmWv krjvSn-®n-´p-≈-sX∂v
ssZhw sXfn-®-dn-bn-®-t∏mƒ ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂n¬ A\p-k-cWw ImWn-
°p∂ a\p-jy¿°v kmam-\y-ambn Hc-h-Imiw A\n-tj-[y-ambn ssIh-∂n-
cn-°p∂p˛AXmWv D]-t`m-Km-h-Imiw. F∂m¬ A\p-`-hn-°m-\p≈ Ah-
Imiw kaq-lØ - n¬ Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw IpØ-Ib - √. GsX-¶nepw hy‡ntbm
hy‡n-Itfm P\-]-Ztam AXn¬ IpØ-I-b-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXv
ssZh-\n-µbpw ssZh-\n-tj-[-hp-am-Ip∂p.
tXm∂n-sb-¶n¬ sNømw F∂ Ab™ kao-]-\-a√ kXy-hn-izmkn
k°m-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn-e-\p-h¿Øn-t°-≠Xv. \n¿∫-‘-am-WXv. [\n-I∂v
A√mlp \evInb kzØn¬ Zcn-{Z-∂p≈ Ah-Im-i-amWv k°mØv.
""Ah-cpsS kzØn¬ tNmZn-°p-∂-h∂pw IjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-h∂pw Adn-b-
s∏´ Ah-Im-ia - p≠v'' F∂ hmIyw ChnsS AXoh {it≤-ba - t{X. k°mØv
\evIm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂-hs\ Jp¿-B≥ Cßs\ Xm°oXv \evIn:
141
""A√mlp Ahs‚ A\p-{K-lØ - n¬\n∂v sImSpØn´p-≈X- n¬ ]nip°v
ImWn-°p-∂-h¿ AXv X߃°v \√-Xm-sW∂v Hcn-°epw [cn-°-cpXv.
Ah¿ ]nip°v ImWn® hkvXp-sIm≠v A¥y-\m-fp-I-fn¬ Ah¿°v
ame-bnSpw''
]mh-s∏-´-hs‚ tamN\w ]≠v `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ hnj-b-am-bn-cp-∂n√.
`c-W-IqSw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNbvXXv kº-∂-cpsS Xm¬]-cy-ß-sf-bm-bn-
cp∂p. ""]pcm-X-\-Im-eØv Kh¨sa‚v hy‡n-sbtbm Ahs‚ Xm¬]-cy-ß-
sftbm {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°p-∂p-s≠∂v Ah∂v tXm∂n-bn-cp-∂n√. {]XypX,
{]Xy-£-amb Hcp {]tbm-P-\hpw \evImsX ]Ww ]ngn-s™-Sp-°p-Ibpw
Du‰n-°p-Sn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp i{Xp-hm-bn-´mWv Ah≥ Kh¨sa‚ns\
ho£n-®n-cp-∂Xv. X∑qew `mcw t]dn Xf¿∂ hy‡n \nIp-Xnsb Zp¿h-l-
am-bn-°m-Wp-Ibpw AXn¬\n∂v Fß-s\-sb-¶nepw tamN\w t\Sm≥ B{K-
ln-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' ˛ ]ªnIv ^n\m≥kv F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ Um¬‰¨.
Ckvemw Ah-Xo¿W-am-b-t∏mƒ k°mØv hgn Bcw-`n® kmº-
ØnI hnπ-h-Øns‚ XpS°w Gsd {i≤n-°-s∏´p. Cu hnπ-h-Øn\v as‰mcp
khn-ti-j-X -Iq-Sn-bp-s≠∂v Ncn-{X-Im-c-∑m¿ kqNn-∏n-®n-´p≠v. ]mh-s∏´
P\-hn-`m-K-Øns‚ Ah-Im-i-kw-c-£-W-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ Hcp "HutZym-
KnI hnπh'Øns‚ ]cn-thjw AXn-∂-h-Im-i-s∏-Sm≥ Ignbpw. km[m-c-W-
\n-e-bn¬ GXv P\-]-Zhpw kzbw kwL-Sn-®p-sIm-≠mWv Xß-fpsS Ah-
Imikwc-£-W-Øn-∂p-th≠n s]mcp-Xn-bn-cp-∂Xv. F∂m¬, Ah-i-P-\-hn-
`m-K-Øn\v e`n-t°≠ k°mØv F∂ Ah-Imiw {]tbm-K-Øn¬ hcp-Øp-
∂-Xn-\p-th≠n bp≤w sNbvXXv kº-∂cpw klm-_n-Ifpw kaq-l-Ønse
kp{]-[m-\n-Ifpw Dƒt®¿∂ `c-W-hn-`m-K-am-bn-cp∂p F∂Xv k¿hm-Xn-i-
mbn-bmb khn-ti-j-X-bt{X.
k°mØv hmßp-Ibpw sImSp-°p-Ibpw sNtø-≠Xv Cam-amWv F∂
hyh-ÿt- ]mepw F{X DZm-Øa - mWv! k°mØv \evIp∂ kº-∂≥ k°mØv
A¿ln-°p∂ Hcp ]mh-s∏-´-h\v t\cn´v k°mØv sImSp-°p-tºmƒ, sImSp-
°p-∂-hs‚ taem-fØw AhnsS Xe-bp-b¿Øn F∂p hcmw. hmßp-∂-h≥
sImSp-°p-∂-hs‚ ap∂n¬ hnt[-b-\m-hp-∂Xpw kzm`m-hnIw. sImSp-°p-∂-
h≥ {]I-Sn-∏n-°m-hp∂ Hu≤-Xyhpw hmßp-∂-h-\n¬ kzm`m-hn-I-am-bp-≠m-
hp∂ A[a¿Wt_m[hpw Hgn-hm-°m-\mWv k°mØv Hcp \n[n-bmbn kw`-
cn®v A¿l-X-s∏-´-h¿°v hoXn-°p-∂Xv. sImSp-°p-∂-h\pw hmßp-∂-h\pw
AhnsS apJm-`n-apJw {]Xy-£s - ∏-Sp-∂n√. Acp-XmØ hnIm-cØ
- ns‚ t\¿Ø-
em-f\ t]mep-ap-≠m-I-cp-sX∂pw A`n-am\w sX√p-t]mepw {hW-s∏-S-cp-sX-
∂p-ap≈ \njvI¿j ]c-tam¬Ir-jvS-at{X! kº-∂-cn¬\n∂v, Ah¿°v
t\mth-Xp-ap-≠m-°msX, Ah¿ an®wsh°p-∂-Xn-semcp ]¶v ]ncn®v kaq-l-
Ønse ]mh-s∏-´-hn-`m-K-߃°v ]¶v sh°p-tºmƒ kmaqlnI kpc-£n-
XXzw F∂ [¿a-am-W-hnsS km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
]q°-f-dn-bmsX, Ah-bvt°Xpw t\mhp-≠m-°msX, Ah-bn¬\n∂v
a[p-IWw kam-l-cn®v tX\o-®-Iƒ a[p tiJ-c-ap-≠m°n a‰p-≈-h¿°v
{]tbm-P\ - s
- ∏-Sp-Øp-∂X
- pt]m-sebpw Pem-ib - ß
- f
- n¬\n∂v Ah-bd- n-bmsX
\ocm-hn-bmbn Pe-I-W-߃ kam-l-cn®v Icn-ta-L-ß-fm-Ip∂ Pe-\n-[n-sbm-
142 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
cp°n hcƒ® sIm≠v hn≠v ]nf-cp∂ temI-Øn\v h¿j-a-cp-fp-∂-Xp-t]m-se-
bp-amWv CXv km[n-°p-∂Xv. lnwk-bpsS am¿Kta-Xp-a-h-ew-_n-°msX
kº-∂-cn¬\n∂v [\-kw-`cWw km[n®v ]mh-s∏-´-hs‚ Pohn-X-tam-N-\-
Øn\v {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv ]cn-jvIrX kaq-l-߃°pt]mepw
]I¿Øm≥ ]‰p∂ H∂mw Xc-samcp kmº-ØnI ]≤-Xn-bmWv. Xs‚
Bhiyw Ign-®p-≈-Xn-semcp ]¶v ka-{k-jvS-߃°v th≠n sNe-h-gn-°p-
I-sb-∂Xv ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ hn\n-tbm-K-amWv.
""hn`-h-ß-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ Nnesc a‰p Nne-sc-°mƒ A√mlp sa®-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. sa®w e`n-®-h¿ Ah-cpsS ssIbn-ep≈ hn`hw Ah-cpsS
DS-a-bn-ep-≈-h¿°v \evIp-∂n√. hmkvX-h-Øn¬ Ah-sc√mw AXn¬ kam-
h-Im-in-I-fm-WpXm\pw. F¥v! A√m-lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-
I-bmtWm Ah¿ sNøp-∂Xv!'' (16:17)
Ip∂p-Iq-Sn-°n-S-°p∂ kºØv AX¿ln-°p∂ Ah-i- hn-`m-K-Øns‚
ssII-fn-te°v IqSn {]k-cn-°p-tºmƒ am{Xta kº-Øns‚ ssZh am¿K-
Øn-ep≈ hn\n-tbmKw km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p≈q. kaq-l-Ønse
Zp¿_ehn`m-KØ - ns‚ ZpxJ-\n-hr-Ønbpw AhnsS am{Xsa km[n-°p-∂p≈q.
kaq-l-Øns‚ Xmf-∏n-g-bm-bn-°-cp-X-s∏-Sp∂ Ak-¥p-en-Xm-h-ÿbv-°-dpXn
hcp-∂Xpw At∂cw am{X-amWv. Zcn{Z hn`m-KsØ Ah-K-Wn-°-cp-sX∂pw
Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏´ Zcn-{Z-hn-`m-K-amWv kaq-l-Øns‚ alm-im-]-sa∂pw {]hm-
N-I≥ Bh¿Øn-®-\p-kva-cn-®n-´p≠v. ssZhw Xmev°m-en-I-amb kq£n-∏p-
Im-c-\mbn Xs‚ ssIbnte-ev]n® kºØv ssZh-Øns‚ A\p-⁄-bv°-
\p-k-cn®v hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-hm≥ kº-∂≥ _m[y-ÿ-\mWv.
""Ah-cpsS kzØn¬ tNmZn-°p-∂-h∂pw
IjvS-s∏-Sp-∂-h∂pw Adn-b-s∏´ Ah-Im-i-ap≠v.'' (aBcnPv 24)
CXv ]men-°m-\m-hi - y-amb kw`-cW hnX-cW k{º-Zm-bß
- ƒ A√mlp
k\njvI¿jw Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p≠v. k°mØv ]ncn-s®-SpØv JP-\m-hn-e-Sbv-
°Ww. AXv AhnsS s]mXp-kz-Øm-bn- amdpw. kw`-c-Whpw hnX-c-Whpw
Du\-a‰ - c
- o-Xn-bn¬, tZh-kz-Øns‚ \n¿h-lW hnip-≤n-tbmsS km[n-°Ww.
""F¥mWv [¿aw sNtø-≠-sX∂v Ah¿ Xm¶-tfmSv tNmZn-°p∂p.
Bhiyw Ign®v an®ap-≈Xv F∂v Xm¶ƒ ]d-bpI'' (2:219)
k°mØv sImSp-°m≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-®-h≥ Ckvem-an-t\mSv kacw {]Jym-
]n-®-h-\mbn Icp-X-s∏-SWw F∂v Jeo^m A_q-_-°¿ Hcn-°¬ kqNn-∏n-
°p-I-bp-≠mbn.
Hcn-°¬ Nne¿ k°mØv sImSp-°m≥ hnk-ΩXw `mhn®p. {]hm-N-
Is‚ ImeØv k°mØv apS-ßmsX sImSpØpt]m∂-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿.
{]hm-N-I≥ acn-®-t∏mƒ Ah¿ hn{]-Xn-]Øn Im´n-Øp-Sßn. Ah-cpsS
at\m-`mhw K¿l-Wo-b-am-sW∂v Ahsc [cn-∏n-°m≥ Jeo^ {ian®p
t\m°n. AX-h-cn¬ ^e-sam-∂p-ap-≠m-°n-bn√. Jeo^ klm-_n-amsc
hnfn®v Imcy-hn-Nmcw \SØn. [¿aw ewLn-®-h¿s°-Xnsc Jeo^ bp≤w
{]Jym-]n®p. k°m-Øns‚ \ntj-[-Isc, kXy-th-ZsØ A\m-Z-cn-®-hsc
Ah¿ s]mcp-Xn-]-cm-P-b-s∏-SpØn. A_q-_-°¿ Cßs\ {]kvXm-hn®p:
""A√mlp kXyw, \_n°v sImSpØp h∂n-cp∂ Hcm-´n≥Ip-´nsb
kwkvI-cn-°m\pw kar-≤-am-°m\pw k°mØv 143
hsc Ah¿ F\n°p Xcm≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-®m¬ AXn-s\-s®m√n Rm\-h-tcmSv
bp≤w sNøm-Xn-cn-°n√.''
]Ww am{X-a√, kº-tØXpw k°m-Øn\v hnt[-b-amWv. k°mØv
sImSp-°msX kºØv kzImcy kzØm°n am‰p-∂-h¿°v ap∂n¬ {]hm-N-
I≥ AXns‚ hcpw-Ime `hn-jy-Øp-Iƒ Adn-bn-®n-cp∂p.
""kz¿Whpw sh≈nbpw A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ sNe-h-gn-°msX
kq£n®psh°p-∂-h¿°p≈ thZ-\n-∏n-°p∂ in£-sb-°p-dn®v ap∂-dn-bn∏v
\evIpI. \c-I-Øo-bn-en´v AXv Np´p]gp-∏n-°p-Ibpw (Ah-cpsS s\‰n-Ø-
S-ß-fnepw apXp-Ip-I-fnepw NqSp-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Znhkw.) CXm-
Ip∂p \n߃ \n߃°p-th≠n tiJ-cn® \nt£-]w. \n߃ kq£n®p
sh®Xv A\p-`-hn®psIm≈pI.'' (9:34˛35)
""GXv P\X k°mØv sImSp-°m≥ hnk-Ω-Xn-°p-∂pthm Ah¿°v
am\Øp\n∂v ag XS-b-s∏Spw. \m¬°m-en-I-fn-s√-¶n¬ Ah¿°v Hcn‰v ag
e`n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n√.'' (C_v\p amP)
sI´n-∏q-´n-sh-°m≥ imTyw ]nSn-°p∂ apX-emfnamcpsS [\w kaq-l-
Øns‚ hnimeXm¬]-cy-Øn\v Bh-iy-ambn h∂m¬ ]nSn-s®-SpØv hyh-
km-b-Øn-en-d-°m≥ Ckvem-anI `cW hn[m-\-Øn-∂-[n-Im-c-ap≠v.
{]hm-N-I≥ ]d™ Hcp IY-bn-hnsS Hm¿°p∂p:
Ah-km\ \mfn¬ a\p-jys‚ ap∂n¬ IdpØp Ipdp-Inb Hcp Imf-
k¿∏w {]Xy-£-s∏Spw. AXv Ahs‚ t\sc AXn-io{Lw Cg-™-Sp°pw.
c£-s∏-Sm≥ {ian-°-W-sa∂v Ah∂v tXm∂pw. F∂m¬ Ah≥ Xo¿Øpw
\n -lm-b-\m-W-t∏mƒ. H∂-\-ßm≥ t]mepw Ign-bmØ \n -lm-bX
Ahs\ ho¿∏p-ap-´n°pw. B Icn-\mKw Ahs‚ Imev]-Øn-bn-eqsS Ahs‚
ico-c-Øn-te°v Cg™p Ibdpw. XWp-∏p-d™ h√m-sØmcp ac-hn-∏n\v
hnt[-b-\m-b-Xp-t]mse Ah≥ \n›-e-\mIpw. At∏m-tg°pw Icn-\mKw
Ahs‚ s\©n-eqsS Dcp-Ωn-bn-g™v Igp-Øn-sem-cp -h-f-b-ambn Np‰n-h-
enbpw. AXv Ahs‚ apJ-Øn-\-`n-ap-J-ambn Xe-bp-b¿Øn \nev°pw.
Ahs‚ IÆp-I-fn-te°v AXv Npgn™pt\m°pw. \m°v Nen-∏n-®p-sIm≠v
AXv Ah-t\m-Sn-ßs\ kwkm-cn°pw: ""\n\°v Fs∂ a\- n-emtbm? a\-
 n-em-bn-°m-Wn√. \osbs∂ C°m-e-a-{Xbpw s]´n-bn-en´v ]q´n-bn-Sp-I-bm-
bn-cp∂p. sNe-h-gn-°-s∏-SmsX \o kzcq-]n-®p-sh® ]W-amWv Rm≥.'' B
Icn-\m-KØ
- ns‚ IÆp-If - n¬ t\m°n hn{`m¥n sIm≈mt\ Ah∂v At∂cw
Ignbq.
^nXv¿k-°mØv F∂ t]cn¬ as‰m-∂p≠v. CXpw Hcp \n¿_-‘-Zm-
\-amWv. k°mØv t]mse CXn∂v hn]p-e-amb Dt±-iy-e-£y-ß-fn√; I¿a
kz`m-h-hp-an√. daZm≥ amkw, {hXm-\p-jvTm-\-Øns‚ kam-]\ kµ¿`-
Øn¬ t\mºp-s]-cp-∂mƒ (CuZp¬ ^nXv¿) BtLm-jn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn
F√m-hcpw HØp-tN-cp∂p. At∏mgpw Ckvemw kwkvIrXn D¬°-WvT-s∏-
Sp∂p: F√m-hcpw BÀm-Z-Øn¬ Ign-bm≥ hn[n-°-s∏´ Cu Znhkw Bsc-
¶nepw Blmcw Ign-°msX t\mhp-Xn-∂p-∂p-≠m-Iptam?
D≠mhmw˛C√m-bn-cn°mw.
H∂pw Dd-∏n-°m≥ hø.
144 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
AXn-\m¬ Aßs\ t]mcm. F√m-hcpw Cu BtLm-j-Zn-h-k-sa-
¶nepw kp`n-£-ambn Blmcw Ign-°p-∂p≠v F∂p-d-∏p-h-cp-ØWw. CXn∂v
Hcp hgn-am-{X-ta-bp≈q˛ F√m-h¿°pw kar-≤-ambn Blmcw sImSp-°pI˛
AXmWv ^nXv¿k-°mØv.
Ckvemw I¿am-\p-jvTm-\-a-\p-k-cn®v as‰mcp Zm\w IqSn-bp≠v. "kZJ'
F∂ t]cn-emWv AXv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. CjvS-ap-≈-t∏mƒ CjvS-ap-≈Xv
B¿°p-th-W-sa-¶nepw Zm\w sNømw. CXn∂v ]pWy-I¿a-Øns‚ ]cn-th-
j-ap-s≠-¶nepw CXn-≥ta¬ aX-Øn\v \n¿_-‘-an√. kIe Zm\-ß-fn¬
\n∂pw k°mØv hyXn-cn-‡-ambn \nev°p∂p. Jp¿-B-\n¬ \n¿_-‘n-Xm-
\p-jvTm-\-amb \a-kvImcw ]cm-a¿in-°sh Ccp-]Xv XhW k°mØv
Imcyw A\p-kva-cn-®n-´p≠v. CXv hnizm-k-Øns‚ \n_-‘-\-I-fn¬s]Spw.
A\p-jvTn-®m¬ ]pWyw, Hgn-hm-°n-bm¬ ]m]hpw. ""C√m-Ø-h¿°v Xncn®p
sImSp-°m≥ th≠n D≈-h-cn¬\n∂v CuSm-°p∂ \nIpXn'' AYhm
k°mØv. hm¿jn-I-h-cp-am-\-Øn¬ kz¥w Bhiyw Ign®v \o°n-bn-cn-∏p-
≈-Xns‚ c≠-c-i-X-am-\-amWv k°m-Ømbn \evtI-≠Xv. Ggc tXme-bn¬
IqSp-X¬ kz¿Ww ssIbnep-≈-h\pw k°mØv \evIWw. Ckvem-anI
XØz-Zo-£-bn¬ Cu ]cn-[n°v hf-sc-tbsd {]map-Jy-ap≠v. (Ad-_n-bn¬
\nkm_v F∂mWv Cu ]cn-[nsb ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv.) Bb-hy-b-ß-
fpsS kXy-ip-≤-amb IW°v kq£n-°m\pw \nkm-_n-∂-∏p-dØv InS-
°p∂ "kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ]¶v' bYm¿lw, bYm-Imew, bYm-ÿm-\-sØ-Øn-
°m\pw apk¬am∂v aX-]-c-amb _m[y-X-bp≠v. hnip-≤-Imew F∂-dn-b-s∏-
Sp∂ daZm≥ amk-Ønse k°mØv hn\n-tbmKw Cc-´n-^ew sNøp-sa∂v
kXy-hn-izmkn Icp-Xp∂p.
kº-∂-cpsS Xm¬]cyw A`wKw ]cn-c-£n®pt]m∂ ]g-b-Imew.
{]`p-°∑- m-scbpw ]ptcm-ln-X∑
- m-scbpw Ipeo-\h- n-`m-Ks
- Øbpw am‰n-\n¿Øn
]mh-s∏´ km[m-cW P\-ß-fpsS t\sc ]oU-\-ß-f-gn-®p-hn´v `oIc `cWw
\S-Øn-t∏m-∂-h-cpsS ]g-b-Imew. {Iqc-X-bpsS B Imew ChnsS Xp≈n-
Øn-a¿Øp Ign-bp-tºm-gmWv CkvemwkwkvIr-Xn-bpsS \qX\ kmº-
ØnI Z¿i\Øns‚bpw `c-W-cw-KsØ hnπ-h-Øn-s‚bpw Imlfw apg-
ßm≥ XpS-ßn-bXv.
bqtdm∏v h≥Ic-bn¬ {Iao-Ir-X-amb `c-W-hy-h-ÿ-Itfm \oXn-\n-b-
a-ßtfm A∂v {]tbm-K-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. Xo¿Øpw A]-cn-jvIr-Xn-
bpsS Imew. XtambpK-sa-∂mWv Ncn-{X-Im-c≥am¿ A°m-esØ hnti-jn-
∏n-®Xv. Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS {]Im-i-[mc hgn-s™m-gp-Im≥ XpS-ßn-
bXv As∂mcp alm kw`-h-am-bn-cp∂p.
kwkvI-cn-°m\pw kar-≤-am-°m\pw k°mØv 145
25
ASn-a-hy-h-ÿ-bvs°-Xnsc
Hcp hy‡n°v as‰mcp hy‡nsb F√m A¿YØnepw Iogvs∏-SpØn DS-am-
h-Imiw Dd-∏n-°m\pw B hy‡nsb Xs‚ lnXm-\p-k-cWw sXmgn-en\pw
a‰m-h-iy-߃°pw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm\pw A[n-Im-c-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ Hcp
kmaqlnI k{º-Zmbw ]e {]mNo\ cmPy-ß-fnepw \ne\n∂n-cp∂p. Hcmƒ
as‰m-cm-fpsS A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈ kzØm-hpI F∂-XmWv ASn-a-Ø-Øns‚
I¿aim-kv{X-]-c-amb \n¿h-N\w. ASn-a-bpsS ico-chpw Poh\pw IpSpw-
_hpw A∂n-e-bn¬ bP-am-\\v A[o-\-am-bn-cp∂p. P\m-[n-]-Xy-bp-K-sa∂v
Io¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂ C°m-eØv t]mepw ASna k{º-Zm-b-Øns‚ Ah-in-
jvS-߃ Nne kaq-l-ß-fn¬ Ime-ssh-IrXw t]mse h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂-
XmWv kXyw. Nne B{^n-°≥ cmPy-ß-fnepw em‰n-\-ta-cn-°≥ \mSp-I-
fnepw, ]tcm-£-amb coXn-bn¬ C¥y-bn¬Xs∂ Nne {]tZ-i-ß-fnepw
C∂pw CXv ImWmw. HcpXcw ]cn-jvIr-X-am-b -A-Sna k{º-ZmbwXs∂-
bmWv PmXn-\n¿Wb-Øn-eqsS kh¿W kaqlw ChnsS {]Xn-jvTm-]\w
sNbvX-sX∂v \c-hwi imkv{X-⁄≥am¿°-`n-{]m-b-ap≠v.
a\p-jy≥ auenI-ambn kzX-{¥-\mWv. kzX-{¥s\ ASn-a-bm-°p-∂Xv
{]Ir-Xn-hn-cp-≤hpw Cuiz-c-\n-µ-bp-amWv. ASn-a-Ø-tØmSv Ckvem-ans‚
\njv°-]-S-amb kao-]-\-aXmWv. Ckvemw ASna k{º-Zmbw \ne-\n¿Øn-
sb∂ Btcm-]Ww icn-b√. ASn-aØ - sØ am‰n-sb-Sp-°m≥ Bflm¿Yambn
{ian® aX-Z¿i-\-amWv Ckvemw.
CuPn-]vjy≥ kwkvImcw, Ako-\n-b≥ ˛ _m_n-tem-Wn-b≥ ˛
t]¿jy≥ kwkvIm-c-߃, ssN\okv ˛ C¥y≥ ˛ bh\ ˛ tdma≥ kwkvIm-
c-߃ F∂n-h-bn-se√mw ASna k{º-Zmbw \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂p. PqX \nb-a-{K-
Ÿ-amb tXmd-bnepw lapdm-_n-bpsS \nb-a-kw-ln-X-bnepw {]mNo\ `mc-X-
Ønse kvarXn-I-fnepw IuSn-eys‚ A¿Yim-kv{X-Ønepw ASn-a-Isf
kw_-‘n-®p≈ \nb-a-ß-fp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. A¿Yim-kv{X-a-\p-k-cn®v XS-hn-
em-°-s∏´ Ip‰-hm-fn-Ifpw (Zfi-{]-Wo-X≥) bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Imcpw ([zP-lq-
146 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
X≥) EW _m[y-X-sIm≠v DØ-a¿W\v kzbw Iogvs∏´v Ign-bp-∂-h\pw
(Bln-X-I≥) Zmcn{Zyw sIm≠v hnt[-b-\m-bn-°gn-bp-∂-h\pw (A\m-Im-e-
`q-X≥) kzbw hn‰v ASn-aØw hcn-®-h\pw (Bflhn{Ibn) I®-h-S-®-c-°p-
t]mse hnev°-s∏-´-h-\p-amWv ASn-a-°q-´-Øn\v FÆ-s∏-cp-∏-ap-≠m-°n-bXv.
PmXn-hn-Nm-c-Øns‚ ImeØv a\p-jym-h-Im-i-ßfpw Pohn-X-kp-J-
ßfpw hne°-s∏´ IogvPm-Xn-°m-sc-bmWv ]e cmPy-ß-fnepw ASn-a-I-fm-
°n-sh-®n-cp-∂Xv. P∑w hgn Ah-cpsS kwJy s]cpIn. IS¬sIm-≈bv°n-
dßn Bfp-Isf ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]mbn ASn-a-I-fm°n am‰p∂ k{º-Zm-
bhpw ]e {]_-e-\m-Sp-I-fnepw A∂v \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xmbn Fkv. _n.
dn®m¿Uvkv Xs‚ "]m›m-Xy-\m-K-cn-IX' F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®n-
´p≠v.
tdma-°m¿ ASn-a-Isf I∂p-Im-en-I-sf-t∏m-se-bmWv Icp-Xn-t∏m-∂Xv.
CuPn-]vXnse ASn-aI - sf hf¿ØparK-ßsft∏mse Nß-e° - n-´mWv kq£n-
®n-cp-∂Xv. Atd-_y-bn¬ ASnak{º-Zmbw hym]-I-ambn \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂p.
kaq-l-Ønse {]am-Wn-am¿ HØp-tN-cp∂ kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ Xß-fpsS hcp-Xn-
bn-ep≈ ASn-a-I-f-psS FÆw ]d™v Du‰w sIm≈p-I-sb-∂Xv Jpssdin
{]am-Wn-am-cpsS {]Ir-X-am-bn-cp∂p. ]Wn-sb-Sp-°p∂ arK-ß-sf-t∏m-sem-cp-
h¿Kw F∂-Xn-\-∏pdw a\p-jy¿°p≈ kzmX-{¥yhpw Ah-Im-i-ßfpw
Ah¿°-\y-am-bn-cp∂p. Ah-cpsS t\mhpw s\mº-c-hp-a-dn-bm\pw Ah-tcm-S-
\p-X-]n-°m\pw B¿°pw tXm∂n-bn-cp-∂n√. Zpcn-X-a-\p-`-hn-°m≥ hn[n-°-
s∏-´-h-cm-W-h¿ F∂ [mc-W-bm-W-Xn\v ImcWw.
Ad-_n-I-fpsS Ipe-{]-Ir-X-am-bn-cp∂p tKm{X-kw-L-´\w. Imc-W-ap-
≠m-bmepw Cs√-¶nepw tKm{X-kw-L-´\w Ahn-sS-sbmcp ]Xn-hm-bn-cp∂p.
]s≠t∂m, IW-°n-se-hn-sStbm _m°n-bm-bn-t∏m-b -]-Ibpw Zpc-`n-am-\-
P-\y-amb {]Xn-Im-chpw DuXn ho¿∏n®v, Bfn-°-Øn®v tKm{X-kw-L-´-\ap-
≠m°n tNmc-Nn¥n kpJw sIm≈p∂ {]mIr-X-amb Hcp-Xcw tNtXm-hn-Im-
c-Øns‚ ASn-a-I-fm-bn-cp∂p Jpssd-in-Iƒ, ]Wn-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ Ipsd-bm-fp-
Isf Bh-iy-am-sW∂v hcp-tºmƒ Ah¿, X√m\pw sIm√m\pw Ign-hp≈
Ic-_-e-im-en-I-fmb Ipsd ]cn-Nm-c-I-∑m-cp-ambn N¥-I-fnepw a‰pw sN∂v
B{I-a-W-a-gn-®p-hn´p Bfp-Isf ]nSn-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip∂ ]Xnhv A∂p-
≠m-bn-cp∂p. kwL-´-\ß-fnepw bp≤-ß-fnepw ]nSn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-sc√mw
ASn-a-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn-em-Wv s]-SpI. Nne-t∏mƒ bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Imsc ]ck-
v]cw ssIam-‰m-dp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Ign-hp-≈-hsc ]nSn®v tamN-\-{Zhyw hmßn
kzX-{¥-cm°n Xß-fpsS hcp-Xn-bn¬ \n¿Øn-bn-cp∂p. X߃°njvSw
tXm∂mØhsc ITn-\-amb ]oU\-߃°n-c-bm°n sIm√p-I-sb-∂Xv Nne
{]mIr-X-k-ap-Zm-b-ß-fpsS Hcp hnt\m-Z-hr-Øn-bm-bn-cp∂p. _m°n-h-cp-∂-h-
sc√mw ASn-a-I-fmbn Icp-X-s∏-Sp-I-bmWv ]Xnhv. B¿YnI e£y-tØmsS
ASn-a-Isf kzcq-]n®v ASn-a-hym-]mcw \SØn Pohn-®p-t]m∂ {]am-Wn-am-
cpsS FÆhpw Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂n√.
ASnak{º-Zm-b-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]pI™ ]e a\- p-Ifpw A∂p-≠m-bn-
cp∂p. ]t£, kaq-l-Ønse `qcn-]£w hcp∂ Incm-X-i-‡n-s°-Xnsc
Ah¿s°m∂pw sNøm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n√. apl-Ω-Zns‚ a\ v {]hm-N-
kwkvI-cn-°m\pw kar-≤-am-°m\pw k°mØv 147
IXz kwe-_v[n-°paptº CØcw hnj-b-ß-fn¬ Akz-ÿ-am-bn-cp∂p.
kaq-lsØ am\-hn-I-amb ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ \ho-I-cn-°m≥ B a\ v
h√msX tamln-®n-cp∂p. ]e kµ¿`-ß-fnepw Hcp ]cn-jvI-c-W-hm-Zn-bpsS
sXfn™ kzcw B "\nc-£-c\n'¬\n∂v kaqlw tI´n-cp∂p. ]t£,
i‡cpw kº-∂-cp-amb Jpssd-in-Iƒ°v apl-Ω-Zns‚ kzcw H∂p-am-bn-cp-
∂n√. (I¿i-\a - mb A\p-im-k\ - I- f- n-eq-sSbpw \nb-a\
- n¿am-Wß- f- n-eq-sSbpw
ASn-a-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-b-h-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ Ckvemw Xm¬]cyw ImWn-®n-s√∂
]cmXn km[q-I-cn-°-Ø-°-X√. a\pjy kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ BZy-Ime Xew
apX¬ \ne\n∂p-t]m∂ Hcp kmaqlnI sshIr-X-Øn-s\-Xnsc s]mcp-Xm-
s\m-cp-sº-Sp-tºmƒ BthiwsIm≠v Ien-bp-d™ shfn-®-∏m-S≥-am-sc-b√
{]tbm-K-£a-amb a\x-imkv{X kao-]-\-ß-fn-eq∂n ap-t∂m´v \oßp∂
{]mtbm-KnI hmZn-I-sf-bmWv \mw {]Xo-£n-°p-∂Xv. Cu cwKØv
Ckvemwhniz-mkn-I-fpsS {]I-S\w {it≤-b-am-bn-cp∂p.)
Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eqsS XpS¿∂ph∂ Hcp kmaq-lnI-Zp-cm-Nm-c-amWv ASn-a-
k-{º-Zmbw F∂p-≈-XvsIm≠v AXns‚ \n¿am¿P\w \n¿_-‘Øn-eq-
sStbm \nba \n¿am-W-Øn-eq-sStbm km[n-°m-hp∂ H∂m-bn-cp-∂n√.
kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ am‰w hcp-Øp-Ibpw ASn-abpw a\p-jy-\m-sW∂ kXyw
{]N-cn-∏n®v am\-knI ]cn-h¿Ø-\-Øn\v If-sam-cp-°p-Ibpw sNøp-IbmWv
ÿmbn-bmbn ASn-a k - {- º-Zm-ba
- h
- k- m-\n-∏n-°- m-\p≈ ^e-{]-Za- mb am¿Ksa∂v
{]hm-N-I≥ a\- n-em°n. AXp-sIm-≠mWv kz¥w A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈ ASn-
a-I-tfmSv ssZh-kr-jvSn-I-sf∂ \ne-bn¬ ka-`m-h-\-tbmsS s]cp-am-dm≥
Jp¿-B≥ \n¿tZ-in-®Xv (4:36). \q‰m-≠p--I-fm-bn -Xp-S¿∂pt]m∂ Hc-]-cn-
jvIrX k{º-Zm-b-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ Hcp alØmb hnπ-h-Øns‚ Iml-
f[z-\n-bmWv AhnsS apg-ßn-t°-´Xv. {]hm-N-I≥ Cßs\ {]Jym-]n®p:
""Ah¿ \nß-fpsS ktl-Z-c≥amcpw _‘p-°-fp-amWv. Xs‚ Iogn-
ep≈ Hcp ktlm-Z-c\v Xm≥ `£n-°p-∂-Xvt]m-ep≈ `£-Whpw [cn-°p-∂-
Xp-t]m-ep≈ hkv{Xhpw \evIn-s°m-≈s´. Ah¿°km[y-amb Imcyw
Ahsc Gev]n-°-cpXv. Gev]n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬Xs∂ \nß-f-hsc klm-
bn-°Ww'' (_pJmcn)
Xs‚ `¿Øm-hmb apl-ΩZv ho´n-te°v Ib-dn-h-∂-t∏mƒ kp]-cn-Nn-X-
bmb JZoP BZy-ambn sNbvXXv Xs‚ kºØpw Xs‚ hcp-Xn-bn-ep≈
ASn-a-I-sfbpw ]q¿W-a-\-t msS apl-Ω-Zns\ Gev]n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p.
kaqlw At∂mfw ASn-a-I-tfmSv ImWn-®p-t]m∂ {Iqc-amb kao-]-\-
߃s°-Xnsc Xs‚ a\- n-\p-≈n¬ Xm≥ kq£n-®p-t]m∂ [¿a-tcm-j-
amsI {Inbm-ap-J-a-Wn-™-Xp-t]mse, apl-ΩZv X\n°v ssIam-dn-°n-´nb
apgp-h≥ ASn-a-I-sfbpw JZo-P-bpsS Xr]vXn°v hnt[-b-am-bn-Øs∂ kzX-
{¥-cm°n. ASn-a-hyhÿ-tbm-Sp≈ apl-Ω-Zns‚ a\- -dn-bm≥ Cu kw`hw
Gsd klm-b-I-ambn.
JZo-P-bpsS ASna-I-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ sskZv F∂ Hcp _me-\p-≠m-
bn-cp∂p. apl-Ω-Zns‚ a\x-tim-`-bn-em-Ir-jvS-\mb sskZv kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚
Xpd∂ temI-sØ-°mƒ apl-Ω-Zns‚ kmao-]y-amWv sImXn-®Xv. Xm≥
148 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
apl-Ω-Zns\ tkhn®p Ignbmw ˛ Xs∂ AXn-∂-\p-h-Zn-°Ww F∂
sskZns‚ D≈p-d™ At]£ \nc-kn-°m≥ apl-Ω-Zn\v Ign-™n√.
sskZv apl-Ω-Zn-t\m-sSm∏w kt¥m-j-tØmsS Ign-™p-t]m∂p. Iptd
Ime-Øn-\p-tijw sskZns‚ ]nXmhpw ]nXr-h-y\pw sskZns\ tXSn
Ahn-sS-sbØn. tamN-\-aqeyw \evIn Ahs\ kzoI-cn-°m-\m-W-h¿ h∂Xv.
Ah-tcmSv apl-ΩZv Cßs\ ]d™p:
""tamN\ {Zhy-am-h-iy-an√, ImcWw
ChnsS sskZv Hc-Sn-a-b√˛
kzX{¥-\mWv. Ah∂v CjvS-am-sW-¶n¬
\n߃°-hs\ sIm≠p-t]mImw.
F\n°p kt¥m-j-ta-bp≈q.''
sskZv _‘p-°t- fm-sSm∏w t]mIm-\n-jvSs - ∏-´n√. apl-ΩZ- n-t\m-sSm∏w
Ign-bp-∂-Xn¬ kpJhpw kwXr-]vXnbpw I≠ sskZv XpS¿∂pw Ahn-sS-
Øs∂ Xma-kn®p.
]n∂oSv apl-ΩZv Xs‚ ]nXr-k-tlm-Zco]p{Xn-bmb ssk\_v _n≥Xv
Plvins\ sskZn\v hnhmlw sNbvXp-sIm-SpØp. Iptd-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ
hnhm-l-tam-N\w th≠n-h∂p. A∂pw -\-_n°v sskZpw sskZn\v \_nbpw
kz¥-am- bn-cp∂p. Ckvem-an-\p-th≠n Poh-XymKw sNbvX sskZns\ Ckvemw
Ncn{Xw k_lp-am\w Hm¿°p∂p.
sskZns‚ ac-W-tijw aI-\mb Dk-ma-tbmSv {]hm-N-I≥ Af-h‰
hm’eyw Im´n. Hcn-°¬ Da-dns‚ aI≥ A_vZp≈ kz]n-Xm-hn-t\mSv
Cßs\ tNmZn®p:
""Fs‚ ]nXmhv Ckvem-an-\p-th≠n Gsd XymK-߃ A\p-jvTn-®n-
´p≠v˛ F∂n´pw {]hm-N-I≥ Da-dns‚ aI-\mb Fs∂-°m-tfsd Dk-am-sb-
bmWv kvt\ln-°p-∂-sX∂v F\n°v a\- n-embn. ]cn-K-W-\bpw AwKo-Im-
chpw Ah-\mWv e`n-°p-∂Xv. F¥mWv CXn-\p-Im-cWw?''
Da¿ ]d™p:
""tamt\, Dkm-a-bpsS ]nXmhv sskZv \_n Xncp-ta-\n°v \ns‚ ]nXm-
hn-s\-°mfpw {]nbw-I-c-\m-bn-cp∂p F∂-Xm-Wn-Xn∂v ImcWw.''
kml-N-cy-ß-fn¬ am‰w hcpØn, ASn-a-Ø-sa∂ kmaqlnI sshIr-
X-Øn-s\-Xnsc kuay-ambn s]mcp-Xm≥ {]hm-N-I≥ \S-]-Sn-Iƒ Bhn-jvI-
cn®p. Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eq-sS-bp≈ A\p-kyq-X-amb Bh¿Ø\w sIm≠v tNmc-
bn-en-gp-In-t®¿∂ ASn-a-k-{º-Zm-bsØ Hcp \nb-a-\n¿am-W-Øn-eqsS \ntcm-
[n-°p-∂Xv {]mtbm-Kn-I-a-s√∂v t_m[y-s∏´ {]hm-N-I≥ ]Sn-]-Sn-bm-bp≈
am‰-Øn-\mWv {ian-®Xv. bp≤w hgn- ]n-Sn-°
- s
- ∏-Sp∂ XS-hp-Im-cn-emWv At±lw
Kuc-h-]q¿hw {i≤n-®Xv. XS-hp-Im-cn-eq-sS-bmWv ASn-a-I-fpsS FÆw s]cp-
Ip-∂Xv. t{kmX- -S-®m¬ Hgp-°p-\nev°p-sa-∂-dn-bm-hp∂ {]h-mN-I≥ bp≤-
Ø-S-hp-Imsc ]c-kv]cw ssIam-dm-\p≈ hyh-ÿ-bp-≠m°n. A]-I-S-Im-cn-
I-f-s√∂v t_m[y-ap≈ XS-hp-Imsc hn´-b-®p-sIm≠v, ASn-a-k-aq-l-Øns‚
hep∏w Ipd-bv°m≥ Xocp-am-\n®p. Aapkvenw XS-hp-Im-cn¬\n∂v Pnkvb
kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≠v Ahsc kzX-{¥-cm°n. XS-hp-Imsc {]Xn-^ew hmßntbm
A√m-sXtbm hn´-bbv-°-W-sa∂ (hn.Jp. 47:4) Jp¿-B-\nI hN\w B \S-
ASn-a-hy-h-ÿ-bvs°-Xnsc 149
]-Sn-Iƒ°v km[pXzw \evIn.
ASn-abpw DS-abpw XΩn¬ ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn A¥-c-an-s√∂v {]Jym-
]n-®p-sIm≠v Ckvemw \S-Ønb hnNm-c-hn-πhw hnJym-X-amWv.
Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn Kpcp-X-c-amb sX‰p-sN-bvXm¬ AXn-∂p≈ {]mb-
›n-Ø-ambn Abm-fpsS A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈ Hc-Sn-asb tamNn-∏n-°-W-sa∂v
Jp¿-B≥ A\p-im-kn®p. (hn.Jp. 4: 92).
Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn hnImc hn{`m-¥n-sIm≠v Xs‚ `mcysb t\m°n
"\o F\n°v Fs‚ amXm-hn\v Xpey-bmWv' F∂v ]d-™p-t]m-bm¬ ]ns∂
Ah¿ XΩn-ep≈ ZmºXyw ]pXp-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Hc-Sn-asb tamNn-∏n-°W
sa∂mWv Jp¿-B≥ Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. (58:3).
ASn-a-kv{Xo-bn¬ DS-a-bv°p-≠m-Ip∂ k¥m-\-ßsf kzX-{¥-cmbn
{]Jym-]n®p.
kXy-hn-izm-kn-bmb HcSn-asb tamNn-∏n-°p∂ Bƒ ]p\-cp-∞m-\ -\m-
fn¬ \c-I-in-£-bn¬\n∂v tamNn-∏n°-s∏Spw.
hm°v sX‰n-°p-I-sb∂ hnizm-k-h-©-\°v Jp¿-B≥ \n¿tZ-in-°p∂
aq∂v {]mb›n-Ø-ß-fn-sem∂v kz¥w ASn-a-bpsS tamN-\-am-Ip∂p (5: 89)
F∂-dn-bp-tºmƒ ASna hntam-N-\-sa∂ hrØn°v Ckvemw ssZhnI
hrØn-bpsS ]mh-\-amb ]cn-th-j-amWv \evIn-b-sX∂v a\- n-em-°m-hp-∂-
XmWv.
ASn-aI- ƒ°v kzmX{¥yw \evIp-∂Xv Hcp ]pWy-I¿a-am-sW∂v Ckvemw
{]tLm-jn®p.
""a\p-jy≥ ISº IS-∂n-´n√˛F¥mWv ISº F∂-dn-bmtam? ASn-a-
bpsS tamN-\-am-WXv.'' (90: 11˛13).
Hcn-°¬ A_qZ¿dv {]hm-N-I-t\mSv tNmZn®p:
""ASna tamN-\-Øn¬ G‰hpw t{ijvT-am-bXv F¥mWv?''
{]hm-N-I≥ ]d™p:
""bP-am-\∂v G‰hpw {]nb-s∏´ ASn-asb tamNn-∏n-°¬'' (_pJmcn).
ASna-If - mbn XpS-cm-\n-jvSs
- ∏-SmØh¿ tamN\]{X-sa∂ Hcp hyhÿ
hgn kzmX{¥yw t\Sm-\p≈ kuIcyw Ckvemw kΩm-\n-°p-∂p≠v. AX-
\p-k-cn®v ASn-abpw DS-abpw XΩn¬ Hcp Icm-dn-se-Øp∂p. tamN-\-aqeyw
\n›-bn-°p∂p. AXv Xh-W-I-fmbn AS-®p-Xo¿Øv ASna kzmX{¥yw
t\Sp∂p. DS-a-bpsS HuZm-cy-amb√, ASn-abpsS Ah-Im-i-am-bmWv Jp¿-
B≥ AXns\ AwKo-I-cn-°p∂-Xv. Icm-sd-gpXn°gn-™m¬ tamN-\-aqeyw
kzcq-]n°m\p≈ kuIcyw DSa ASn-abv°v \evIWw. tamN-\-aqeyw kzcq-
]n-°m-\m-bn-s√-¶n¬ Ckvem-anI `c-W-Iq-S-Øn\v s]mXp-\n-[n-bn¬\n∂v
XpI klm-bn®v ASn-asb tamNn-∏n-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.
k°m-Ømbn kzcq-]n-°-s∏´ \n[n F´v hn`m-K-Øn¬s]-´-h¿°v ]¶p-
sh-bv°m-sa∂v Ckvem-anI \n¿tZ-i-ap≠v. ASn-a-bpsS tamN\w ssZh-
am¿K-Øn-ep≈ Hcp ]pWy-I¿a-ambn Ckvemw Icp-Xp-∂-Xp-sIm≠v (2:177)
k°m-Øns‚ hnlnXw ASn-a-b¿ln-°p∂p. (9:60).
Da¿ C_v\p A_vZp¬ Ako-kns‚ ImeØv D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-SmsX
InS-∂n-cp∂ k°m-Øp-hl apgp-h≥ ASn-a-I-fpsS tamN-\-{Z-hy-am°n hn\n-
150 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
tbm-Kn®p F∂ Ncn-{X-bm-Ym¿Yyw ChnsS A\p-kva-c-Wo-b-amWv.
daZm≥ amk-Øn¬ ]I¬ t\cØv hne-°pI-tfm¿°msX ssewKnI
hrØn sNbvXp-t]m-sb-¶n¬ ASn-asb tamNn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv ^e-{]-Z-amb
{]mb- › nØhrØn- s b∂v Ckv e mwkwkv I rXn \n¿tZ- i n- ° p∂p.
(_pJmcn, apkvenw)
kzX{¥ kv{XoIsf hnhmlw sNøm≥ kmº-ØnI tijn-bn-√m-Ø-
h¿°v ASn-a-kv{Xo-Isf hnhmlw sNøm-hp-∂-Xm-sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ Adn-bn-
°p∂p. ASn-a-I-fpsS Bflm-`n-am\w {hW-s∏-S-cp-sX∂v \n¿_-‘-ap-≈-Xp-
sIm-≠mWv \nß-fpsS Zmkn-amsc \n߃ hy`n-Nm-c-Øn\v \n¿_-‘n-°-cp-
sX∂v (24:33) Jp¿B≥ hne-°n-bn-´p≈Xv.
""h√-h\pw Xs‚ ASn-asb h[n-®m¬ \mw Ah-s\bpw h[n°pw. h√-
h\pw Xs‚ ASn-asb jWvUo-I-cn-®m¬ \mw Ah-s\bpw jWvUo-I-
cn°pw.'' (_pJmcn, apkvenw)
ISw-ho-´m≥ Ign-bmsX hcp∂ Hcp kzX{¥ hy‡n°v Ckvemw ]nd-
°p-∂-Xn\p apºv ASn-a-bm-tI-≠n-h-∂n-cp∂p. kzX-{¥-\mb Hcp apkven-
ans\ as‰mcp apkven-an\v ASn-a-bm-°m≥ ]mSp-≈-X√ F∂v Ckvemw
Iev]n®p.
""kXy-hn-izm-kn-bmb Hc-Sn-asb tamNn-∏n-°p∂ Hcmƒ ]p\-cp-∞m\
\mfn¬ \c-I-in-£-bn¬\n∂v tamNn-∏n-°-s∏Spw.''˛\_n-h-N-\-߃.
\nß-fpsS he-Xp-ssI-°p-S-a-s∏-´-h¿ (ASn-aIƒ) tamN-\hpw tXSn
\nß-fp-sS-b-SpØp hcp-tºmƒ \n߃ Ah¿°v AXv \n¿h-ln-®p-sIm-Sp-
°pI (24:33) F∂ hm°p-I-fn-eqsS ASn-a-k-{º-Zm-b-Øn-\-dpXn hcp-Øm-
\p≈ {ia-amWv Jp¿-B-\m-cw-`n-®Xv.
amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ, _‘p-°ƒ, Ab¬hm-kn-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h-tcm-sS∂
t]mse ASn-a-I-tfmSpw \√ \ne-bn¬ s]cp-am-dm≥ hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥
Blzm\w sNøp∂p.
ASn-a-Isf hne-bv°p-hmßn kzX-{¥-cm-°p-∂Xv ]pWy-]q¿W-amb
Hcp I¿a-am-sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ Adn-bn-°p∂p (2: 177). Aßs\ _nem-ens‚
ASn-a-°p-cp-°-gn-®Xv A_q-_-°¿ kn±o-Jm-bn-cp∂p F∂v \mtam¿°pI.
JZoP apl-Ω-Zn\v kΩm-\n® ASn-a-Isf apgp-h≥ kzX-{¥-cm-°n-s°m≠v
Ckvem-anIkwkvIr-Xn-bpsS t{]mZvLm-S\w \n¿h-ln® apl-Ω-Zns‚ F√m
A¿Y-Øn-ep-ap≈ ]n≥ap-d-°m-c-\mWv A_q-_-°¿ kn±oJv.
ASn-aØw I¿i-\-\n-baw hgn \ntcm-[n-°msX, ASn-asb kpc-£n-
X-cmbn hf¿Øn ]uc-\m-°n-am‰n ASn-abpw DS-abpw XΩn-ep≈ A¥-c-a-h-
km-\n-∏n-°m≥ {ian® Jp¿-B-\n-I-amb {]mtbm-KnI Z¿i\w k¿hm-Xn-im-
bn-bmWv.
a\p-jy¿°n-S-bn¬ X´p-Iƒ krjvSn®v, h¿W-t`-Z-ß-fm-tcm-]n®v, D®-
\o-NXzw Iev]n-°p-∂Xv sX‰m-sW∂v Ckvemw Adn-bn®p.
]I¬ ]Wn-sb-Sp-Øm¬ cm{Xn hn{iaw \evIWw. DjvW-Im-eØv D®-
bp-d-°-Øn\pw \nim-\n-{Zbv°pw \n¿_-‘-\a-kvIm-c-߃°pw kuIcyw
sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-°Ww. bP-am-\t- \m-sSm∏w bm{X sNøp-Ib- m-sW-¶n¬ hml-
\-Øn¬ Ib-‰Ww. DS-abv°v ASn-asb h[n-°mt\m ]cp-t°ev]n-°mt\m
ASn-a-hy-h-ÿ-bvs°-Xnsc 151
AwK-`wKw hcp-Ømt\m A[n-Im-c-an√. ASn-asb a¿Zn-®p-IqSm˛apJ-Ø-Sn-
°cpXv. apJ-Ø-Sn-®m¬ tamN\w \evIp-I-bmWv ]cn-lmcw. ASn-asb
NoØ-hn-fn-°p-Itbm Bt£-]n-°p-Itbm AcpXv. bP-am-\≥ ASn-asb
AwK`wKw sNbvXm¬ Ah≥ kzX{¥-\mIpw. \nbaw \njvI¿jn-°p∂
kzm`m-hn-I-amb ]cn-W-Xn-b-XmWv. ASna acn-®m¬ Ahs‚ ac-Wm\-¥c
I¿a-ß-fpsS apgp-h≥ _m[y-Xbpw bP-am-\-\mWv. IpSpw-_-Ønse a‰w-K-
ß-sf-t∏mse ASn-a-I-sfbpw ho´n¬ Xma-kn-∏n-°Ww. bYm¿Y-Øn¬
B[p-\nI P\m-[n-]Xy cmPy-ß-fnsesXmgn¬ \nb-a-ßsf AXn-i-bn-∏n-°-
Ø° \ne-bn-ep-≈Xpw Ahbv°v am¿KZ¿i-I-ß-fmbn h¿Øn-°p-∂-h-bp-
amb \oX-n\n-b-a-ß-fm-Wnh.
kaq-l-Ønse a‰w-K-ß-sf-t∏mse hnhmlw Ign-°m\pw IpSpw_w
]pe¿Øm\pw ASn-a-Iƒ°v Ckvemw Ah-Imiw \evIp-∂p≠v. Hc-Sn-a°v
Xs‚ B{K-l-Øn-s\mØv IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw \S-Øm≥ Xs‚ Zmcn{Zyw
sIm≠p km[n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ kXy-thZ kwkvIr-Xn-bn-eq-∂n-\nev°p∂
kaqlw B IpSpw-_sØ klm-bn-°m-\p-≠mIpw. (24: 32).
ASn-a-sb∂pw DS-a-sb∂pw hnfn®v Hu∂-Xyhpw ]Xn-Xzhpw Iev]n-
°p∂ A\m-K-cnI k{º-Zm-b-Øn\v {]hm-N-I≥ hne Iev]n-°p-∂n√.
ASna kv{XoI-fp-ambn ZmºXy _‘w ÿm]n-°m-\p-t±-in-°p∂-h¿
AXv ]c-ky-ambn sNø-W-sa∂v Ckvemw I¿i-\-ambn \njvI¿jn®p. D]-
t`m-K-Øn\v D¬°-S-amb Bth-i-ap-s≠-¶nepw AXv ]c-ky-s∏-´m¬ Xs‚
Zpc-`n-am\w {hW-s∏-Sp-sa∂p Icp-Xp∂ bP-am-\-Xz-Øns‚ Aev]-Xz-Øn\pw
lrZ-b-iq-\y-Xbv°psaXn-cm-bmWv Jp¿-B≥ hmtfm-ßn-bXv.
Hcn-°¬ Hcmƒ Xs‚ ASn-asb X√m≥ ssIbp-b¿Øn. At∏mƒ B
hgn {]hm-N-I≥ hcp-∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Akz-ÿ-\mb {]hm-N-I≥ At±-
lsØ Cßs\ Hm¿an-∏n®p:
""\n߃ F¥mWv sNøm≥ t]mIp-∂Xv? Hcp Zmks‚ ta¬ \n߃°p-
≈-Xns\-°mƒ A√m-lp-hn∂v \nß-fpsS ta¬ A[n-Im-c-ap-s≠∂v \nß-
tfm¿an-°Ww.''
bYm¿Y-Øn¬ CsXmcp Hm¿an-∏n-°-em-bn-cp∂p. B hm°p-Iƒ At±-
l-Øns‚ a\- n¬ {]Xn-[z-\n®p. t{Im[m-th-i-a-S°n im¥-Nn-Ø-\mb B
a\p-jy≥ {]hm-N-I-t\mSv hn\-b-tØmsS Cßs\ ]d™p:
""Xncp-ta\o, Rm\n-bmsf kzX-{¥-\m-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p.''
""\n߃ Aßs\ sNbvXXv \∂mbn. A√mØ ]£w \n߃ \c-
I-in-£bv°v ]m{X-am-Ip-am-bn-cp∂p.'' (A_q-Zm-hqZv)
Da-dns‚ Imew. Pdq-kew Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS sImSn-∏-S-ap-
b¿Øm≥ k∂≤X {]I-Sn-∏n® kµ¿`w. Jeo^m Dasd t\cn-sem-∂p-Im-
Wm≥ Ahn-SsØ P\-k-©-b-am-{K-ln®p. Da¿ Pdq-k-e-an-seØn Icm-dn-
sem-∏p- sh®v \K-c-Øns‚ \nb-{¥-W-ta-s‰-Sp-°-W-sa∂v Ah-c-`y¿Yn®p.
Da¿ £Ww kzoI-cn®p.
Hcp-\mƒ Hcp bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Im-c-s\bpw Iq´n Da¿ Pdq-k-e-an-te°v
bm{X- Xn-cn®p. c≠p-t]¿°p≈ Blm-c-km-[-\-߃ H´-I-∏p-dØv Hcp-°n-
h®p. c≠p-t]cpw H∏w Ibdn H´-I-Øn\v `mc-°q-Sp-X-ep-≠m-Im-Xn-cn-°m≥
152 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Hmtcm-cp-Ø-cmbn CS-hn´v H´-I-∏p-dØv Ibdn k©-cn-°m-sa∂v Da¿ \n¿tZ-
in®p. Aß-s\-bmWv bm{X XpS¿∂-Xv. Pdp-k-e-an-se-Øm-dm-bn. At∏mƒ
XS-hp-Im-c-\mWv H´-I-∏p-d-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv. hgn-tbm-c-ß-fnse Bƒ°q-
´sØ I≠-t∏mƒ Xm≥ Cdßn \S-∂p-sIm-≈m-sa∂pw Jeo^m Da¿ H´-
I-∏p-dØp Ib-d-W-sa∂pw XS-hp-Im-c≥ Da-dn-t\m-S-`y¿Yn®p. F∂m¬ \n›-
bn® apd sX‰n-°m≥ Jeo^ Xøm-dm-bn√.
Pdq-k-e-an-seØn. Hc-Sna khmcn sNøp∂ H´-I-Øns‚ aq°p-I-b¿
]nSn®v \S-°p∂ Jeo-^sb I≠ P\-߃ hnkva-bm-[o-\c-mbn. AXv Ah-
cpsS k¶-ev]-Øn-\p-a-∏p-d-Øp≈ Hcp hnkvab Zriy-am-bn-cp∂p. ( . ]mSn-s√∂v Ckvemw I¿i\-ambn Iev]n®p. CXv Ncn{X c∞y-bnse {it≤-
) Ckvem-ans‚ ka-`m-h-\bpw ASn-aI-tfm-Sp≈ kao-]-\hpw sXfn-
®pIm´m≥ B kw`h iIew klm-b-I-amWv.
P_e cmPmhv Ckvemw aXw kzoI-cn®p ]cn-hmc ktaXw At±lw
a° kµ¿in®p. IAv_ {]Z-£nWw \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cns° At±-l-a-
Wn™ hne-Iq-Snb tae-¶n-bpsS Agn-™p-e™ `mKw Adn-bmsX Nhn-
´n-t∏mb _Z-hnsb {Ip≤-\mb P_e cmPmhv IW-°n\v {]l-cn®p.
IAv_°v kao]w Cß-s\-sbm-c-\p-`-h-ap-≠m-b-Xn¬ a\w-s\m¥v _Zhn
Jeo^m Da-dns‚ ap∂n¬ k¶-S-ap-W¿Øn®p. Ckvemw kwkvIm-c-a-\p-k-
cn®v kI-ecpw A√m-lp-hns‚ ap∂n¬ ka≥am-cmWv. P_e cmPmhv
sNbvXXv ISpØ A]-cm-[hpw ssZh-\n-µ-bp-am-sW∂v Da¿ hn[n®p. _Z-
hnsb X√n-b-Xp-t]mse _Zhn Xncn®v cmPm-hn-s\bpw X√Ww. Cuiz-c-k-
∂n-[n-bn¬ cmP{]Xm-]hpw ]Xn-Xz-hp-an√˛ Da¿ hn[n-bd - n-bn®p. Xm≥ Ckvemw
hnizmkw kzbw hcn-®Xv kXy-am-sW-¶nepw AXns‚ t]cn¬ Xs‚ Zpc-
`n-am\w \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw C{X-sbm∂pw kln-°m\pw P_e cmPmhv
k∂-≤-\m-bn-cp-∂n√. Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS \nc-¶p-iXzw Dƒs°m-
≈m≥ At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™n-cp-∂n√. ASpØ {]`mXw hncn-™p-h-cp-tºm-
tg°pw A™q-tdmfw hcp∂ A\p-N-c≥am-tcm-sSm∏w AXn-c-l-ky-ambn
P_e AhnSw hn´p-Ig - n-™n-cp∂p. ss_km-∂n-bb
- n-seØn P_e {InkvXp-
aXw kzoI-cn®p. Imew Iptd Ign™p. Pohn-XØnse C∂-e-I-fn-te°v
Xncn-™p-t\m-°nb kµ¿`-ß-fn-se√mw At±-l-Øns‚ IÆp-Iƒ Cud-\-
Wn-bm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v Fw.Fw. jco^v FUn‰v sNbvX F. lnÃdn
Hm^v apkvenw ^ntem-k^n (c≠m-whmfyw) F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-´p≠v.
\a-kvIm-chpw l÷v I¿a-ß-fp-sa√mw ASn-abpw DS-abpw H∏w
\n∂mWv \n¿h-ln-t°-≠-sX∂v Ckvemw hy‡-am°n. Ckvemw kwkvIr-
Xn-b-\p-k-cn®v Hcp DS-bX-ºp-cm-t\-bp≈q. Hc¿Y-Øn¬ a\p-jy-sc√mw
DSbXºp-cms‚ ASn-a-I-fpw. A∂n-e-bn¬ a\p-jysc GsX-¶nepw am\-Z-
WvU-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v DS-a-I-sf∂pw ASn-a-I-sf∂pw th¿Xn-cn®v \n¿Øp-∂Xv
A\p-Nn-X-amWv. DS-a-sbt∂m ASn-a-sbt∂m [\n-I-s\t∂m Zcn-{Z-s\t∂m
shfp-Ø-h-s\t∂m Idp-Ø-h-s\t∂m hyXym-k-an-√msX kIe a\p-jycpw
Htc amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS k¥m-\-ßfpw Aßs\ GtIm-Zc ktlm-Z-c-ß-
fp-am-sW∂v Ckvemw {]Jym-]n®p. (49: 13).
ASn-a-I-tfmSv DZm-cX Im´-W-sa∂ Ckvem-an-Im-\p-im-k\w kaq-l-
ASn-a-hy-h-ÿ-bvs°-Xnsc 153
cw-K-ØmsI Bim-ky-amb ^ew sNbvXp. ASn-a-I-fn¬ ]ecpw kap-∂X
ÿm\-ß-fn-seØn. Zmkn-I-fnepw ]cn-Nm-cn-I-am-cnepw s]´-h¿ cmP-]-Xv\n-
am¿ t]mep-ambn. a°-bn-se `qcn-]£w ASn-a-I-sfbpw ]≈n-∏-cn-N-cW
tPmen-Iƒ°mWv \ntbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂Xv. A∂v ASn-a-Iƒ°v apkvenw bP-am-
\≥am-cn¬\n∂v e`n® s]cp-am‰w am\yhpw a\p-tjym-Nn-X-hp-am-bn-cp∂p.
AXp-Im-cWw, ASn-a-I-fn¬ ]ecpw kXy-th-Z-Øn¬ kam-izmkw I≠p.
bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Imsc ASna-I-fm-°p-Itbm h[n-°p-Itbm Bbn-cp∂p ]gb
k{º-Zm-b-sa-¶n¬, bp≤-`q-an-bn¬ sh®-√msX t]mcm-fn-Isf h[n-°m≥
b-amb Hcp {]Jym-]-\-am-bn-cp∂p. kzX-{¥-cmb a\p-jy-sc-∏n-Sn®v ASn-a-I-
fm°n hnev°p-∂-h≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ i{Xp-hm-sW∂v {]hm-N-I≥ Adn-bn-
°p-Ibp-≠mbn. (_p-Jm-cn)
{]hm-N-I≥ \n¿an® BZysØ ]≈n-bnse (akvPn-Zp-∂-_hn) apA-
±n-\mbn \nb-an-°-s∏-´Xv _nem¬ F∂ B{^n-°≥ ASn-a-bmWv. a°m hnP-
b-Øn\p tijw \_n-bpsS Iev]-\-{]-Imcw IA-v_-bpsS apI-fn¬ Ibdn
_m¶v hnfn-®Xpw _nem-em-bn-cp∂p. (_nem¬ acn-®-t∏mƒ Da¿ {]Xn-I-cn-
®Xv ""C∂v \ΩpsS bP-am-\-\mWv Fgp-t∂‰v t]mbXv'' F∂mWv).
Da¿ ^mdq-Jns‚ ac-W-sØ-Øp-S¿∂v ]pXnb Jeo^ ÿm\-taev°p-
∂-Xp-h-sc-bp≈ aq∂v Znh-k-°mew Xm¬°m-enI Jeo-^-bmbn DØ-c-hm-
Zn-Ø-߃ \nd-th-‰n-bXv BZy-Ime ASn-a-bmb Dkm-a-bm-bn-cp∂p. A°m-
eØv AXn-a-t\m-l-c-ambn Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNøm≥ Ign-™n-cp∂
kmenw Hc-Sn-a-bm-bn-cp∂p. At±-l-Øn\v ap∂n¬ A_q-_-°dpw Dadpw D]-
Nm-c-߃ A¿∏n-®n-cp∂p F∂mWv Ncn{Xw. Cu \S-]-Sn-I-fn-eq-sS-sb√mw
shfn-hm-Ip∂ Hcp alm kXyw ASn-a-Ø-Øn-s\-Xnsc Dd-™p-\nev°p∂
{]hm-N-I-a-\- mWv. ]gp-Xp-I-tf-Xp-ap]-tbm-Kn®v ASn-a-I-fpsS FÆw Ipd-
®p-sIm-≠p-h-cp-hm\pw A\p-kyq-X-ambn XpS¿∂p-h-cp∂ Hcp kmaq-lnI
k{º-Zm-bsØ kuay-ambn \n¿am¿P\w sNøp-hm\pw {]hm-N-I≥ ZrV-a-
\-t msS {ian-®p-t]m∂p.
ASn-a-Iƒ hf¿∂p. Ah-cn¬ \mSp-hm-gn-Ifpw N{I-h¿Øn-am-cp-ap-
≠mbn. CuPn-]vXnse aeqIv kp¬Øm≥amcpw C¥y-bnse ASn-a-hw-i-cm-
Pm-°≥amcpw ]q¿hm-{i-a-Øn¬ ASn-aI-fm-bn-cp∂p. C¥y-bnse `c-Wm-[n-
]-\m-bn-cp∂ sF_Iv ASn-a-bm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ At±lw ÿm]n® cmP-hw-
isØ Ncn-{X-Im-c≥am¿ ASn-a-hwiw F∂p hnfn-°p∂p.
154 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw ASn-a-hy-h-ÿ-bvs°-Xnsc 155

""dkq¬ Xm¶ƒ°nXp ]Xn-®p-X-∂Xv _lp-P-\-߃°v CXn-ep≈

Ah-Imiw XS-™p-sh-°m≥ th≠n-b√; A[zm\w h¿jn®v hnfhv
sImøm-\mWv. AXp-sIm≠v Xm¶ƒ°p-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp∂ `qkz-
sØ-SpØv _m°n Xncn-t®ev]n-°m≥ Jeo^ Adn-bn-®n-cn-°p∂p.''

26
""tl P\-ßtf, \n¿Po-h-am-bn-°n-S-°p∂ `qXew Bsc-¶nepw D÷o-
hn-∏n-®m¬ AXv Ah-∂p-≈-Xmbn.''
""Xcn-ip-\new A√m-lp-hn\pw Ahs‚ dkq-en\pw D≈-Xm-Ip∂p.
]ns∂ Fs‚ ]°¬\n∂v \n߃°pw. AXp-sIm≠v Bsc-¶nepw
Xcn-ip-\new hnf-\n-e-am-°n-bm¬ AXv Ah-∂p-≈-Xm-bn-cn°pw.''
(lZokv)
s]mXpkzØv A√m-lp-hn\pw dkq-en-\p-ap-≈-XmWv. AXp-sIm≠v
Irjn-`qan Irjn-°m-c\v Xcn-ip-\new GsXm-cmƒ°pw \evIm-\p≈ Ah-Imiw dkq-en-\p≠v. dkq-
ens‚ Ime-tijw `c-W-Iq-S-Øn\pw Aßs\ as‰m-cmƒ°pw sImSp°mw.
A[zm\w \nt£-]n-°msX `qkz-Øp-Iƒ ]mgv\n-e-ß-fm-bn-Sp-∂Xv ssZh- Xcn-ip-`q-an-bn¬ Abmƒ°v ]q¿Æm-h-Imiw e`n-°-W-sa-¶n¬ Abmƒ
ln-X-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-sW∂v Ckvemw hniz-kn-°p∂p. aÆv hn\n-tbm-Kn-°-s∏- AXns\ hnf-`q-hm-°Ww. Aßs\ sNømsX aq∂v h¿jw Xcn-im-bn-Ø-
SWw. AXn¬ hnb¿s∏m-gp°n I\Iw hnf-bn-°Ww. Ah Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°v s∂-bn-´m¬ Abm-fn¬\n∂v B `qan Xncn-s®-Sp°mw˛A[zm\w \nt£-]n-
`£y-߃ kΩm-\n-t°≠ sFiz-cy-tI-Zm-c-ß-fmWv. Ah Xcn-im-bn-Sp- ®m¬ Ah-Im-i-ambn. F{X DZmØw! F{X-am{Xw hnπ-h-Icw!
∂Xv ssZh-ln-XØ - n-s∂-Xn-cmWv. ]mgv\n-eß
- f
- m-bn-Sp∂ `qan DS-ab
- n¬\n∂v
]nSn-s®-SpØv A[zm\hpw XymKhpw \nt£-]n-°m≥ t]mcp-∂-h¿°v Zm\w
sNø-W-sa-∂mWv Ckvemw A\p-im-kn-°p-∂Xv. XpS¿®-bmbn aq∂p-h¿jw
]mgv\n-e-am-bn-´m¬ hy‡n°v AXn-t∑-ep≈ DS-am-h-Imiw \jvS-s∏-Sp-sa-
∂mWv Jnem-^Øv \njvI¿jn-°p-∂Xv. am\h kap-Zm-b-Øn-\p-th≠n
A√mlp `qan-bn¬ krjvSn-®p-sh® GsX-¶n-ep-samcp hkvXp Ic-ÿ-am-
°p-∂-Xntem \∂m-°n-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xntem Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ A[zm\w sNe-
hp-sN-øp∂ ]£w B hy‡n°v AXn-t∑¬ {]tXy-Im-h-Imiw e`n-°p-∂-
XmWv.
27
i‡n-bp-]-tbm-Kn®v `qkz-Øp-Iƒ hf-®p-sI´n kz¥-am°n P∑n˛
Pao≥Zmcn ˛ PmKn¿Zmcn-am-cmbn kzbw amdp∂ hnIr-X-amb \mSp-hm-gnØ
kao-]-\-Øn-s∂-Xnsc BZy-ambn kzc-ap-b¿Øn-bXv CkvemwkwkvIr-Xn- apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn\pw
bmWv. ""Irjn sNøp-t∂m≥ Irjn `qan-X-∂-h-Imin'' F∂ hnπ-h-I-c-amb
ap{Zm-hm-Iy-ap-b¿Øn-bXpw Ckvem-amWv. [mcmfw `qkz-Øp-°ƒ ssIh-i- tkmjy-en-k-Øn-\p-a-∏p-dØv
s∏- S p- Ø n- s h- ° p- I bpw Ah- b n¬ bmsXm- c [zm- \ hpw sNe- h - g n- ° m-
Xncn°pIbpw A[zm-\n-°p∂ I¿j-I-cpsS {]b-Xv\-^ew NqjWw sNøp-
Ibpw sNbvXp-t]m∂ \mSp-hm-gn-Ø-Øn-s\-Xnsc \nb-a-߃ \ne-hn-ep-≠m- kmº-ØnI hyh-l-c-W-Øn¬ hy‡n°v ]c-am-h[n kzmX{¥yw apX-em-
bn-cp∂p. fnØ hyh-ÿ-bn¬ A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. hy‡n-bpsS hnImk hr≤n-I-
_nemep¬ apkv\n Fs∂m-cmƒ°v apl-ΩZv \_n Iptd `qan ]Xn-®p- fmWv ChnsS ]c-a-amb e£yw. hy‡n-Iƒ Xm¬]cy kwc-£-W-Øn\v
sIm-Sp-Øn-cp∂p. B `qan-b-{Xbpw hnf-`-qan-bm°n am‰n ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ Itºm-f-ß-fn¬ a’-cn-°p∂p. Dev]m-Z\˛kw`-cW˛hnX-cW cwK-ß-fn¬
hn\n-tbm-Kn-°p-sa∂ Dd-∏n≥ta-emWv {]hm-N-I≥ Aßs\ sNbvXXv. hy‡n°v ]c-a-amb kzmX-{¥y-ap-≠m-bn-cn°pw. \ncp-]m-[n-I-amb Cu kmº-
F∂m¬ Iptd Ign-™-t∏mƒ hmKvZm-\-Øn¬\n∂v At±lw ]nd-tIm´v ØnI kzmX{¥yw kº-Øns‚ A[o-im-h-Imin hy‡n-bm-sW∂v hnfw-
t]mbn. `qan-bmsI Xcn-im°n ]mgv\n-e-am-bn´p. Da¿ AXv ImWm-\n-S-bmbn. _cw sNøp∂p. kºØv Npcp°w Nne hy‡nIfn¬ Ip∂pIqSp∂p. alm-
At±lw _nem-ep¬ apkv\nsb hnfn®v Cßs\ ]d™p: `q-cn-]£w F∂pw \nkz-c-mbn-cn°pw. Pohn-XØns‚ a’-c-th-Zn-bn¬ kzm`m-
hn-I-ambpw Ah¿ ]n≥X-≈-s∏-Sp∂p. ""taemƒ°v ]qw]´v InS° Xp∂n-
156 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
°q´p''∂Xn-∂mbn PohnXw hn\n-tbm-Kn-®-h¿ \ncm-ew-_-cmbn amdp∂p. apX-
em-fnØw ssIbm-fn-t∏m-cp∂ ]cn-[n-c-ln-X-amb kmº-ØnI kzmX {¥yw
t\mhpw s\mº-chpw Ipd™ kmaqlnI Pohn-X-Øn\v Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-
cp∂p.
apX-em-fnØw \n¿an-®p-sh® Zpc-hÿ - s- bm-gn-∏n-°m\pw AXns‚ Zp¿∂-
b-ß-f-h-km-\n-∏n-°m\pw th≠n ]pXn-sbmcp hnπ-h-Z¿i\w cwKØp h∂p.
kºØv kaq-l-Øns‚ s]mXp-hp-S-a-bn-em-bn-cn-°Ww. DZv]m-Z\˛ kw`-
cW˛hnX-cW cwK-߃, kaq-l-Øns‚ AYhm k¿°m-cns‚ {i≤-bnepw
\nb-{¥-WØ - n-ep-am-hWw. kº-Øns‚ DS-am-hI - miw k¿°m-cn-∂m-Ip-tºmƒ
kmº-ØnIcwKØv kzm`m-hn-I-ambpw \oXn {]k-cn°pw; tPmen°v \ymb-
amb Iqen e`n-°pw. AhiyhkvXp-°-fpsS e`y-X-bn¬ \oXn ]men-°-
s∏Spw. kmº-ØnI Nqj-W-߃ \njv{I-an°pw. apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚
emt`m≥ap-J-amb \o°-Øn\v ]Icw kaq-l-Øns‚ t£tam≥ap-J-amb
\b-k-ao-]-\-ß-fm-hn-jvI-cn-°-s∏Spw. apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ A]-I-S-ß-sfm-
gn-hm-°m≥ kmaq-lnIZm¿i-\n-I≥am¿ Is≠-Ønb kmº-ØnI Z¿i-\-
amWv tkmjy-enkw. CXp-hgn D≈-h\pw C√m-Ø-h\pw XΩn-ep≈ kmº-
Øn-I-amb A¥cw Ipd-™p-hcpw. kmº-ØnI cwK-Øp≈ a’-c-߃
Ipdbpw. kmº-ØnI kaXzw kam-h-k-c-߃°pw kmaqlnI-amb kwXr-
]vXn°pw Imc-W-amIpw.
k¿thm-Z-bhpw Iayq-Wn-khpw kzØns‚˛kº-Øns‚ ˛]c-am-h-
Imiw kaq-l-Øn-\m-sW-∂mWv kn≤m-¥n-°p-∂Xv. apX-em-fnØ kwkvIm-
c-Øn¬\n∂v hyXy-kvX-ambn kzØn-s‚bpw kº-Øn-s‚bpw a\p-jy-
\pƒs°m-≈p∂ kakvX Poh-cm-in-I-fp-sSbpw A[o-im-h-Imiw ssZh-
Øn-∂m-sW∂v Ckvemw hniz-kn-°p∂p. hmbp, sh≈w, shfn®w F∂nh
t]mse `qanbpw AXnse kakvX hn`-h-ßfpw F√m-h¿°pw Xpey-amb
\ne-bn¬ Ah-Im-i-s∏-´-XmWv. D]-t`m-Km-h-Imiw a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn\v
kmam-\y-am-bmWv \evI-s∏-´n-´p-≈Xv. GsX-¶nepw hy‡n-Iƒt°m hn`m-K-
߃t°m hyXy-kvXamb Ah-Im-i-ß-sfm∂pw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´n-´n√.
""\mep EXp-°-fn-te-°p≈ Blm-c-hn-`-h-߃
A√mlp `qan-bn¬ \n¿Wbn-®p-sh-®n-cn-°p∂p.
Bh-iy-°m¿°v kam-hIm-i-amb \ne-bn¬'' (41:10)
""Ah≥ `qtem-I-Øp≈ kI-eXpw
\n߃°p-th≠n krjvSn-®-h-\t{X.'' (2: 29)
kzØns‚ DS-am-h-Imiw A√m-lp-hn-\m-sW-¶n¬ AXns‚ D]-t`m-Km-
h-Imiw a\p-jy-km-am-\y-Øn-\p-≈-Xm-sW∂v kwi-bm-Xo-X-ambn {]t_m-
[n-∏n-°p∂ kq‡-ß-fmWv taep-≤-cn-®Xv.
{]]-©h - k
- vXp-°f- n¬ {]ap-Ja
- m-bXv Blm-c] - Z- m¿∞-ßf
- mWv. ss]Zm-
l-ia\w Poh-cm-in-Iƒ°v A\p-t]-£-Wo-b-am-b-Xn-\m¬ `£y-ß-fpsS
hn\n-tbmKw AYhm D]-t`mKw thZ{KŸ-Øn¬ AXn-hn-i-Z-ambn {]Xn]m-
Zn-®n-´p≠v:
""A√mlp \nß-fn¬ Nne¿°v a‰p Nne-sc°mƒ Blmc Imcy-Øn¬
157
an®w \evIn-bn-´p≠v. F∂n´pw an®w \evI-s∏-´-h¿ Ah-cpsS (hi-a-
p≈) Blm-c-hn-`-h-߃ Xß-fpsS IogvPo-h-\-°m¿°v Xncn-®p-sIm-Sp-
°p-∂n√. Ah-cm-Is´ AXn¬ XpeymhImin-I-fm-Wp-Xm\pw. A√m-
lp-hns‚ A\p-{K-lsØ \ntj-[n-°p-I-bmtWm Ah¿ sNøp-∂Xv.!''
(A. 16 kq.17)
""Ah≥ `qansb kwhn-[m\w sNbvXXpw a\p-jy¿°v th≠n-bmWv.
AXn¬ ^e-h¿Khpw Iq¨t]mfIfp≈ CuØ-∏-\bpw ssht°m-
ep≈ [m\yaWnbpw kpK-‘-s®-Sn-I-fp-ap≠v.'' (55: 10˛12)
`qan-bn¬ A√mlp Dev]m-Zn-∏n-°p∂ hn`-hß - ƒ A\p-`h- n-°m≥ am\h
kap-Zmbw Htc \ne-bn¬ Ah-Im-in-I-fm-sW-¶nepw am\h kap-Zm-b-Øn-\p-
th≠n ssZhw krjvSn-®p-sh® GsX-¶n-ep-samcp hkvXp Ic-ÿ-am-°p-∂-
Xntem \∂m-°n-sb-Sp-°p-∂-Xntem Hcp hy‡n Xs‚ A[zm\w sNe-hp-sN-
øp∂ ]£w B hy‡n°v AXn≥ta¬ {]tXy-Im-h-Imiw e`n-°p-∂-XmWv.
Aß-s\-sbm-cmƒ°v h√-Xn≥taepw {]tXy-I-mh-Imiw e`n-®p-I-gn-™m¬
]ns∂ Abm-fpsS A\p-hmZw IqSmsX as‰m-cmƒ°v AXv D]-tbm-Kn-°m≥
]mSn√. Cu {]tXy-Im-h-Im-i-Øn-\mWv C∂v \mw DS-am-h-Imiw F∂p ]d-
bp-∂Xv. F∂m¬ DS-am-h-Imiw ( ) F∂ ]Z-Øns‚ \nb-Xm¿Yw
\man∂v hnkvac - n-°p-Ib - mWv. ChnsS DS-am-hI
- miw F∂Xv tIhew Xm¬°m-
en-Ihpw D]-cn-π-h-hp-amWv. hy‡n A[zm-\hpw XymKhpw \nt£-]n-°p-
tºmƒ ssZhw DS-am-h-Im-i-Øn¬ DZm-cX ImWn-°p∂p. DS-a-ÿ-Xbpw
apX-em-fn-Ø-hp-sa√mw ]nd-°p-∂Xv Ahn-sS-bmWv. Km‘n-Pn-bpsS {SÃn-
jn∏v kn≤m¥w ChnsS Gsd {it≤-b-amWv. kºØv ssZh-Øn-t‚-XmWv.
AXv Xm¬°m-en-I-ambn kq£n-°m\pw [¿Ωm-\p-krXw AYhm ssZh-
am¿K-Øn¬ hn\n-tbm-Kn-°m\pw ssZhw Nnesc Gev]n-°p∂p. Aßs\
Xm¬°m-en-Ia - mbn apX-em-fp∂ hy‡n apX-em-fn-bm-hp∂p. At±lw tIhew
Xm¬°m-en-I-amb kq£n-∏p-Im-c≥ ({SÃn) BIp∂p. apX-em-fp-∂-h≥ DS-
a-bm-h-W-sa-∂n√. Ah≥ tIhew hyh-lmcn. {SÃn°v kq£n-∏-h-Im-i-ta-
bp≈q. DS-am-hI - m-ia- n√. Km‘n-Pn-bpsS {SÃn-jn∏v kn≤m-¥h- p-ambn Ckvem-
anI kmº-ØnI kao-]-\-Øn\v kmPm-Xy-ap≠v.
[\w Hcp h¿K-Øns‚ IpØ-I-bmbn amdn-°qSm. D]-tbm-K-c-ln-X-
ambn, kzcq-]n®v Ip∂p-Iq-´m-\p-≈-X√ [\w. [\w Ip∂p-Iq-´p-∂-XmWv
kIe hn\m-i-߃°pw ImcWw. IpØI kw`-c-WsØ ASn-apSn FXn¿-
°p∂ Z¿i-\-]-Y-amWv Ckvemw. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Jeo^m Da¿ Xs‚
Ah-km\ ImeØv [\n-I-cpsS an®-[\w ]nSn-s®-SpØv Zcn-{Z-k-aq-l-Øn-
∂mbn hnX-cWw sNøm-\p≈ ]cn-]m-Sn-I-sfm-cp-°n-bXv. (]t£, AXv
{]tbm-K-Øn¬ hcp-Øm≥ Gsd Ime-Xm-akw th≠n-h∂p. AXn-¬ Da¿
\n¿hymPw ZpxJn®p.) Ckvem-anI ho£-W-a-\p-k-cn®v an®-[\w Ah-i-P-\-
hn-`m-K-߃°n-S-bn¬ hnX-cWw sNø-s∏-Sm-\p-≈-XmWv. apl-ΩZv \_n
Cßs\ Adn-bn®p:
""tl, a\p-jy-]p{Xm, an®-[\w ]nSn-®p-hbv-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°mƒ \n\°v
\√Xv AXv Zm\w sNøp-I-bmWv'' ˛apkvenw.
""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ sNehv sNømsX kz¿Whpw sh≈nbpw \nt£-
158 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
]n®v sh°p-∂-h¿°v ITn-\-amb in£-bm-Wp-≈-sX∂ kt¥m-j-
hm¿Ø-b-dn-bn-°pI.'' (A. 9 kq.34)
""h√-h-s‚bpw hiw Hcp an®-hm-l-\-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXv hml-\-an-√m-Ø-
h\v shdpsX sImSp-t°-≠-XmWv. h√-h-s‚bpw ]°¬ an®-amb
]mtY-b-ap-s≠-¶n¬ AXv ]mtY-b-an-√m-Ø-h\v hn´p-sIm-Sp-t°-≠-
XmWv.''
(CXv A_qkCuZv dnt∏m¿´v sNbvX \_n hN\w.)
hy‡n-bpsS ssIbn¬ Gev]n-°-s∏´ A\m-a-ØmWv [\w. kaq-l-
Øns‚ t£ssa-iz-cy-߃°v th≠n-bmWv AtX-ev]n-°-s∏-´Xv. hgn-amdn
hn\n-tbm-Kn®v kzm¿Yw t\Sm≥ hy‡n-°-[n-Im-c-an√. a‰p-≈-h-cpsS \n -
lm-b-mh-ÿsb NqjWw sNbvXv sImSpØ-Xn¬ IqSp-X¬ Xncn-®p-hm-
ßm\pw B¿°pw Ah-Im-i-an√. A∂n-e-bn¬ Ckvem-anI ZrjvSn-bn¬
]eni \njn-≤hpw tæ—-hp-amWv. hnhmlw, hnZym-`ymkw, NnIn’ XpS-
ßnb AXym-h-iy-ßsf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-t°-≠n-h-cp∂ kµ¿`-ß-fnepw Nne-
t∏mƒ IpSpw-_-kw-c-£-W-Øn\pXs∂bpw km[m-c-W-°m-c≥ kº-∂s\
B{i-bn-t°-≠n-h-cp∂p. Ahs‚ sRcp-°hpw Bh-iy-ß-fpsS A\n-hm-cy-
Xbpw a\- n-em-°nb kº-∂≥ B kµ¿`sØ ]c-am-h[n NqjWw sNøp-
Ibpw Ah-\n¬\n∂v sIm≈-∏-eni hkq-em-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. A[zm-\-
Øn\v alXzw Iev]n-°p-Ibpw [¿a-\n-jvT-ambn kºmZyw h¿[n-∏n-°p-∂-
Xn\v A\p-h-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Ckvemw ]Ww ]WsØ s]cp-∏n-°p∂
NqjWP\y-amb ]enim k{º-Zm-bsØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-Itbm t{]m’m-
ln-∏n-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂n√. \n -lm-b-Xsb hm‰n-sb-Sp-sØm-cp-°p∂
hnj-h-kvXp-hmWv ]eni. C∂sØ tªUv Iº-\n-I-fn¬ ImWp-∂Xv Icm-
f-I-Tn-\-amb AXns‚ _o`-’-cq-]-amWv. hnizm-k-Øn-s‚bpw kvt\l-Øn-
s‚bpw BZ¿i-]-c-X-bp-sSbpw ih-∏-d-ºnte ]en-i°v thtcm-´-ap-≠m-hp-I-
bp≈q. HcpIq´w Bfp-I-fn¬ kºØv tI{µo-I-cn-°m\pw ]mh-s∏-´-h\pw
]W-°m-c\pw XΩn-ep≈ AIev® h¿[n-∏n-°m-\pta ]eni {]tbm-P-\-s∏-
Sp-∂p≈q. Nne¥nhe-bn¬ IpSp-ßnb ie-`-sØ-t∏mse ]en-i-s°-Wn-
bn¬ IpSp-ßnb ]mh-s∏-´-h≥ \in-°p∂p. Ah∂v ]ns∂ tamN-\-an√.
""Ckvem-ans‚ auenI hn`m-h\- bv°v \nc-°m-ØX- mWv ]eni. Ckvem-
ans‚ ZrjvSn-bn¬ kºØv A√m-lp-hn-t‚-XmWv. ssZh-Øns‚ {]Xn-
\n-[n-bmb a\p-jy≥, Xs‚ lnX-a-\p-k-cn-®√ ssZh-ln-X-a-\p-k-cn-
®mWv kºØv ssIImcyw sNtø-≠Xv'' F∂ kønZv JpXp-_ns‚
]cm-a¿iw AXoh {it≤-b-amWv. a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ kap-∂X
hn`m-hnX e£yw Af-h‰ [\w-kº - m-Zn-°epw A\p-`h
- n-°e
- p-am-sW∂
hnI-e-amb ASn-ÿm-\-Øn-emWv ]eni hyhÿ A[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cn-
°p-∂Xv. Cu ho£Ww sh®p-]p-e¿Øp-∂-h≥ kº-Øn¬ B¿Øn
ImWn-°p-Ibpw AXv t\Sn-°q-´m≥ GXm-Z¿ihpw tlman-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂p.
]en-i°v AwKo-IrX kmaqlnI kZm-Nm-c-Øns‚ ]cn-th-jhpw
AwKo-Im-chpw ssIh∂ Ime-am-WnXv. AXns‚ {Iqchpw lo\hpw A[m¿an-
159
I-hp-amb {]Ir-X-sØ-°p-dn®v \mamcpw C∂v Nn¥n-°m-dn√. hmßp∂ ISw-
sIm≠v km[n-°p∂ {]tbm-P-\ta \mamcpw Io¿Øn-°m-dp≈q. hy‡n-]-c-
amb Pohn-Xm-h-iy-߃, kmaqlnI hnI-k\w, cmjv{S-]p-\-cp-≤m-cWw
F∂n-hbv° - v Ct∂sd {]tbm-P\ - s
- ∏-Sp-∂Xv IS-amWv. hmßp∂ ISw \ap°v
ic-W-ambpw klm-b-ambpw ]cn-W-an-°p-∂p-s≠-¶n¬ Xncn-®p-sIm-Sp-t°≠
]eni sIWn-bmbn amdp∂p. D≈-hs‚ ssIbnse kºØv, {]bm-k-s∏-
Sp-∂h- s\ th´-bmSn s]cp-∏n-°m-\p-]t- bm-Kn-°p∂ Ducm-s°-Wn-bmWv ]eni.
CXv ssZh-ln-X-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-sW∂v Ckvemw I¿i-\-ambn \n¿tZ-in-°p∂p.
]mh-s∏-´-hs\ hnj-am-h-ÿ-bn¬ klm-bn®v A√m-lp-hns‚ {]oXn ]Xn-∑-
S-ß-\p-`-hn-°m-\p≈ al-Ømb kµ¿`w ]en-i-bpsS hnj-[q-an-I-tb‰v
ssItamiw hcp∂ IY \mtam¿°m-dn√. Ckvemw B [¿aNyp-Xn-bpsS
t\sc hnc¬ Nq≠p∂p.
Hmtcm D]-t`m-‡mhpw ]eni hym]m-cn°v ]tcm£ \nIpXn \evIp-
∂p-s≠∂ kXyhpw \mtam¿°m-dn√. hyh-km-bn-Ifpw hym]m-cn-Ifpw
X߃ sImSp-°p∂ ]en-i-ØpI D]-t`m-‡m-°-fn¬\n-∂mWv hkq-em-°p-
∂Xv. sImSp-°p∂ ]en-ibv° - \ - p-kc- n®v Ah¿ Dev]∂ - ß
- ƒ°v hne Iq´p∂p.
Aßs\ hcp-tºmƒ, A¥na hni-I-e-\-Øn¬ ]en-i-bpsS `mcw Npa-°p-
∂Xpw ]mh-s∏-´-h-cm-sW∂p ImWmw. hnI-k\ {]h¿Ø-\-߃°mbn
temI-t_-¶n¬\n∂pw, A¥m-cmjv{S \mW-b-\n-[n-bn¬\n∂pw `c-W-Iq-S-
߃ hmßp∂ hmbv]-bpsS ]eni \evtI-≠Xpw AXXv cmjv{S-ß-fnse
]mhw P\-ß-fm-Wv. ]en-i-b-S°w ISw-ho-´m≥ \n¿_-≤am-hp∂ cmjv{Sw
\nIpXn h¿[n-∏n-°m≥ t{]cn-X-a-am-Ip∂p. \nIpXn`mcw ]ucs‚ \s´-s√m-
Sn-°p-tºmƒ \mamcpwXs∂ ISw-X∂ \mW-b\ - n-[n-Isf Hm¿°m-dn√. kzX{¥
cmjv{S-߃°n-Sb - n¬ DØ-a¿W\pw A[a¿-W\ - p-ap-≠m-hp∂p F∂-Xn-\∏pdw
km{am-PyXz hnI-k-\hpw X÷-\y-amb ioX-k-a-chpw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp∂p.
]en-i-bn¬ Nqj-W-Øns‚ thXm-f-apJw ImWp∂ CkvemwkwkvIrXn
F√m A¿YØnepw ]mh-s∏-´-h-tcmSv IcpW ImWn-°m≥ hy{KX
sIm≈p∂p.
""sIm≈p-tºmgpw hnev°p-tºmgpw In´m-\p-≈Xv Bh-iy-s∏-Sp-tºmgpw
hn´p-ho-gvNm-at- \m-`m-ha
- p-≈h
- t- \mSv A√mlp I\n-bs´.'' (_pJmcn, Xn¿apZn)
F∂pw ""A¥y-\m-fp-I-fnse hnj-a-X-I-fn¬\n∂v A√m-lphns‚ c£
Hcmƒ B{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ sRcp-ßp-∂-h∂v Bizmkw \evIp-Itbm
Cf-h-\p-h-Zn-°p-Itbm sNøs´'' (apkvenw) F∂pw ""sRcp-ßp-∂-h∂v
Ah[n \evIp-Itbm Cf-h-\p-h-Zn-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-h∂v XW-en√mØ
Znhkw A√mlp XW-teIpw.'' F∂p-ap≈ \_nhN-\-߃ AXm-W-`n-hy-
‡-am-°p-∂Xv.
160 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
28
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√
Ckvem-ans‚ Xncp-hp-Z-bsØ Jpssd-in-Iƒ i‡-ambn FXn¿Øp-t]m∂p.
{ItaW Ah¿ Ckvem-an-s\-Xnsc hn{`m-¥cpw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-cp-ambn.
At∏mgpw kl-\-k-a-c-Øn-eqsS kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ apt∂m´v t]mbn-s°m-
≠n-cp∂p. Ah¿ {]I-Sn-∏n® kam-[m-\-Øn-s‚bpw kua-\-ky-Øn-s‚bpw
kao-]\w Zp¿_e-X-bpsS ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fmbn hymJym-\n-°-s∏´p. a‰v hgn-
sbm-∂p-an-s√∂v h∂-t∏mƒ ]pXnb Z¿i-\ß - sf s\©n-te‰n a°-bn¬\n∂v
]em-b\w sNøm≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ \n¿_-≤-cmbn. kao-]-ÿ-amb
A_vko-\n-b-bn-te-°mWv BZy-ambn Iptd-t]¿ A`bw tXSn-s®-∂Xv.
Ahn-SsØ N{I-h¿Øn {InkvXob hnizm-kn-bmb Hcp DZm-c-a-\-kvI-\m-bn-
cp∂p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ°v A`bw sImSpØ A_vko-\n-b≥ N{I-
h¿Ønsb Zp¿t_m-[-\-s∏-SpØn A`bw tXSn-sb-Øn-b-hsc Xpc-Øn-tbm-
´m≥ Jpssd-in-Iƒ NXp-cp-]m-b-ßfpw {]tbm-Kn®p. ]t£, t\c-dn-
bm≥Ign™ N{I-h¿Øn Ckvemw hnizm-kn-Iƒ°v a\- -dn-™p-Xs∂
XpS¿∂pw A`bw \evIm≥ Xocp-am-\n®p.
Iptd t]¿ a°-bn¬\n∂v aZo-\-bn-te°v ]em-b\w sNbvXp. Ah-
km\w apl-ΩZpw Ah-tcm-sSm∏w Atßm´p t]mbn. Ahn-sSbpw sN∂v
kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fpsS kzÿX sISp-Øm≥ Jpssd-in-I-sfm-cpßn. aZo-\-
bn¬ kI-e-P\ {]nb-\mbn apl-ΩZv sIm≠m-S-s∏-´p-sh-¶nepw Jpssd-in-I-
fpsS Ip_p-≤n-sIm≠v A¥-co£w Akz-ÿ-am-bn-Øs∂ XpS¿∂p.
Jpssdin {]am-Wn-am¿ aZo-\-bnse kap-Zmb kmc-Yn-Iƒ°v ZqjWw \nd®
Xc-Ip-I-f-b-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p. Iem-]-Im-cn-Iƒ°v A`bw \evI-cp-sX∂pw
Ahsc Xncn-®-b-°-W-sa∂pw Jpssd-in-I-fm-h-iy-s∏´p. F∂m¬ aZo-\-
bpsS a\- p-ambn Aen-™p-tN¿∂p-I-gn™ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-sf- Xn-cn-®-
b-°m-\-h¿ CjvS-s∏-´n√.
hn]¬°-ca - mb Hcp hnNmc hnπ-hØ
- n\pw kmaq-ly-]c
- n-h¿Ø-\Ø
- n\pw
Imc-W°- m-cm-bn-Øo-cm-\n-Sbp≈ ]pXp hnizm-kn-Isf \in-∏n-°p-hm≥ Jpssd-
apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn\pw tkmjy-en-k-Øn-\p-a-∏p- 161
dØv
in-Iƒ hen-sbmcp ssk\ysØ k÷o-I-cn®v aZo-\-bvs°-Xnsc \oßn.
AXoh \n¿Wm-b-I-amb B kµ¿`-Øn¬ Bfl-c-£bv°pw BZ¿i-
kw-c-£-W-Øn-∂p-ambn Bbp-[-sa-Sp-°m≥ Xncp-sam-gn-I-fp-≠mbn. Ckvem-
an-I kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ Bbp-[-Øns‚ {]k‡n BZy-ambn Ahn-sS-bmWv
t_m[y-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
""bp≤w ASn-t®ev]n-°-s∏-´-h¿°v bp≤w sNøm-\p≈ A\p-hmZw
\evI-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. Fs¥-∂m¬ Ah¿ t{Zmln-°-s∏-´-h-cs{X. Ahsc
klm-bn-°p-hm≥ A√mlp \n›-b-ambpw Ign-hp-≈-h-\mWv.''
""Rß-fpsS \mY≥ A√m-lp-hmWv F∂v ]d-™-Xn\p am{Xw Xß-
fpsS `h-\-ß-fn¬\n∂v A\ym-b-ambn ASn-t®m-Sn-°-s∏-´-h-ct{X Ah¿.
a\p-jy-cn¬ Nnesc a‰p Nne-sc-s°m≠p XS-™p-sIm-≈p-∂n-s√-¶n¬ I\o-
k-Ifpw tZhm-e-b-ßfpw A√m-lp-hns‚ \maw A[n-I-ambn A\p-kva-cn-°-
s∏-Sp∂ ]≈nIfpw Xo¿®-bmbpw \in-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp∂p. A√mlp
Ahs\ klm-bn-°p-∂-hs\ klm-bn-°p-∂-h-\m-Ip∂p. A√mlp \n›-b-
ambpw i‡n-am\pw {]Xm-]-im-en-bp-at{X. `qan-bn¬ \mw B[n-]Xyw
\¬Ip∂ ]£w IrXy-ambn \a-kvIm-c-a-\p-jvTn-°p-Ibpw k°mØv \evIp-
Ibpw \∑ D]-tZ-in-°p-Ibpw Xn∑sb \ntcm-[n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h-cmtcm
Ah¿°mWv Cu A\p-hmZw \evI-s∏-´n-cn-°p-∂pXv. F√m Imcy-ß-fnepw
A√m-lp-ht{X A¥na hn[nI¿Ømhv.'' (22: 40˛42)
""a\p-jy-Po-hs‚ ]hn-{X-Xbpw kaq-l-Øns‚ [m¿an-I-\n-ebpw
im¥nbpw AXn-{I-an-°-s∏-Sm-Xn-cn-°m≥ AXn-{I-a-Øns‚ i‡n-I-tfmSv
t]mcm-tS-≠n-hcpw. AXmWv Ckvem-anse bp≤w.''
Ckvemw hnizm-ka - \
- p-kc
- n®v bp≤w \ymbo-Ic
- n-°s- ∏-Sp∂ Nne kµ¿`-
ß-fp≠v. ""CSXp sNIn-S-Ø-Sn-tb-‰m¬ heXv sNInSpw ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp-
°pI'' F∂ kao-]-\-tØmSv Ckvem-an\v lrZ-b-_-‘-an√.
a¿Zn-°-s∏-SpI
B{I-an-°-s∏-SpI
A\ym-b-ambn ho´n¬\n∂pw \m´n¬\n∂pw
]pdw-X-≈-s∏-SpI
P\n-®p-h-f¿∂v Xma-kn-®p-h-cp∂ \m´n¬
Ign-™p-Iq-Sm-\-\p-h-Zn-°m-Xn-cn-°pI
hnizmk kzmX{¥yw tNmZyw sNø-s∏-SpI
Bcm-[-\m-e-b-߃°v `oj-Wn-b-\p-`-h-s∏-SpI
CØcw kµ¿`-ß-fn¬, bp≤-am-h-iy-ambn hcn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ kXy-hn-
izm-kn-Iƒ°v ssZh am¿K-Ønse hnip≤hrØn F∂ \ne-bn¬ bp≤w
sNøm-hp-∂-XmWv. {]hm-N-I≥ kmc-Yy-a-cp-fnb Hmtcm bp≤hpw Chbv°v
\nZ¿i-\ß- f - m-bn-cp∂p.
bp≤-`q-an-bn-te-°p≈ ]pd-∏m-Sn¬ {]hm-N-I≥ \evIn-t∏m∂ hnip≤
ktµiw ""Hm, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf, ^nXv\ (A{Iaw, a¿Z\w, aX-t{Zmlw,
B`y-¥c Ie-l-߃ apX-emb Xn≥a-Iƒ°mWv Ad-_n-bn¬ ^nX≥
F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv. GI-h-N\w ^nXv\.) Ah-ti-jn-°m-Xm-hp-∂-Xp-h-scbpw
hnt[-bXzw ]q¿Æ-ambpw A√m-lp-hn-∂m-bn-Øo-cp-∂X - p-hs
- cbpw Cu [n°m-
162 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
cn-I-tfmSv kacw sNøpI'' F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p.
""Bsc-¶nepw A√m-lp-hns‚ \ma-Øn¬ bp≤w sNøp-∂-Xm-bm¬,
F∂n´v Ah≥ h[n-°-s∏-Ss´, As√-¶n¬ hnP-bn-°s´˛\mw Ah∂v al-
Ømb {]Xn-^ew \evIp-∂-XmWv. A√m-lp-hn-s‚bpw Zp¿_-e-cmb ]pcp-
j≥am-cp-sSbpw kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw Ip´n-I-fp-sSbpw am¿K-Øn¬ bp≤w
sNøm-Xn-cn-°m≥ \n߃°v F¥p≠v \ymbw? Ah¿ {]m¿Yn-°p∂p: Rß-
fpsS \mYm, A{I-an-I-fmb \nhm-kn-I-fpsS Cu \m´n¬\n∂v Rßsf \o
tamNn-∏n-t°-Wta. R߃°v \ns‚ ]°¬\n∂v Hcp c£-Is\ \o \n›-
bn®p Xtc-Wta. \ns‚ ]°¬\n∂p≈ Hcp klm-bn-sbbpw \o R߃°v
\n›-bn-®p-X-tc-Wta.... kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬
bp≤w sNøp∂p. \ntj-[n-Iƒ Zp»-‡n-If - psS am¿K-Øn¬ bp≤w sNøp∂p.
AXn-\m¬ \n߃ ]nim-Nns‚ an{X-ß-tfmSv bp≤w sNøpI. Adn-™n-cn-
°p-hn≥, ]nim-Nns‚ IpX{¥w Zp¿_ewXs∂-bmWv.'' (4: 75˛ 77)
ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v hyXn-N-en® A{I-an-I-fmb apkvenw-Iƒs°-
Xnsct]mepw th≠n-h-∂m¬ bp≤w sNø-W-sa∂v Ckvemw A\p-im-kn-
°p∂p.
Hcp kml-N-cy-Ønepw Bbp[w sXmSn-s√-∂m-W-bn-Sp∂ Aeu-In-Im-
Z¿i hm-Z-Øns‚ PohnX Z¿i-\-a√ Ckvemw. Bh-iy-am-sW-¶n¬ "Ipcp-
t£{Xw' hnc-Nn-°m\pw Ipcp-t£-{X-Øn¬ i‡n kn≤n-Iƒ ka¿∞-ambn
{]tbm-Kn®v t]mcm-´sØ [¿aI¿a-ambn hnti-jn-∏n-°m\pw apt∂m-´p-h∂
KoXm-Im-c-\n-eqsS {]Im-in-X-amb ktµ-ihpw as‰m-∂√. Bbp[ {]tbmKw
AYhm bp≤w Hcp e£y-a√. D¬Ir-jvS-amb Hcp e£y-Øns‚
km£m¬°m-cØ - n-\p≈ D]m-k\ - b
- psS Znhy-]c- n-th-ja - mWv Ckvemw bp≤-
Øn\v \evIn-bn-´p-≈Xv. [¿a-k-a-chpw PnlmZpw Ipcn-ip-bp-≤hpw B
alØmb Bi-bs - Ø-bmWv {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp-∂Xv. (B[p-\nI ImesØ
bp≤-a√ Chn-SsØ hnNm-c-hn-jbw. C°m-eØv ssZh-an√, Pohn-X-an√,
kap¬IrjvS hn`m-hnX e£y-ß-fn√, [¿ahpw ZuXy-hp-an√˛ Ime{]hm-l-
Ønse Hcp \nan-jm¿[Øn¬ an∂n-am-bp∂ IÆ-S-t®m-´-am-Wn∂v PohnXw.
AXp-sIm-≠n-hnsS aqey-hn-Nmcw t]mepw A{]-k‡ - a - m-sW∂v tXm∂p∂p.)
henb Xn≥asb sNdp-°m≥, a‰v hgn-tb-Xp-an-s√-¶n¬ sNdnb Xn≥a
sNøm≥ Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn-®n-´p≠v. I¿Æs‚ cY-N-{I-߃ aÆn-em-≠p-
t]m-b-t∏mgpw bp≤- \o-Xn-Isf apgp-h≥ Im‰n-¬]d-Øn-s°m≠v KZm-bp-≤-
Øn¬ Zptcym-[-\s‚ XpS-°-Sn®p sIm√m≥ IrjvW-\m-h-iy-s∏´ thf-
bnepw Aß-s\-sbmcp \qdv kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ \nb-a-ew-L\-ap-≠m-b-t∏mgpw
Ahsb thZ-hn-Øp-Iƒ \ymbo-I-cn-®Xv henb Xn∑-sb-s®-dp-°m≥ sNdnb
Xn∑-bmhmw F∂ kp{]-Y-nX-amb {]mtbm-KnI Z¿i-\-Øns‚ ]›m-Ø-e-
Øn-emWv.
bp≤-cw-KØv bp≤-a-cym-Z-Iƒ AYhm bp≤-[¿a-߃ Ckvemw I¿i-
\-ambn \njvI¿jn-®n-´p≠v.
""Ahn-izm-kn-Iƒ k‘n-bn-te°v Nm™m¬ \nß-f-Xn∂v kΩ-Xn-
°pI.'' (8: 61)
""{]Xn-tbm-Kn-Iƒ bp≤w \n¿Øn ]n≥hm-ßp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ bp≤w
apX-em-fn-Ø-Øn\pw tkmjy-en-k-Øn-\p-a-∏p- 163
dØv
XpS-cm≥ \n߃°-h-Im-i-an√. B{I-aWw XpS-cp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ am{Xta
Ahsc i{Xp-°f - m-bn-°c
- p-Xmhq. bp≤-cw-KØv NXnbpw IpSn-eX - bpw Im´msX
ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬Xs∂ s]cp-am-dm≥ \n߃°v Ign-bWw. B{I-a-WsØ
{]Xn-tcm-[n-°m\pw hnizmk kzmX-{¥ysØ kwc-£n-°p-hm\pw am{Xta
bp≤-a-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p≈q.''
""a¿Z\w Ah-km-\n-°p-Ibpw ssZh-lnXw \nd-th-‰-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v aXw
kzX-{¥-ambn A\p-jvTn-°-s∏-Sp-am-dm-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xp-hsc \n߃
Ah-tcmSv s]mcp-Xp-hn≥. F∂m¬ Ah¿ ]n¥n-cn-bp-∂p-sh-¶ntem? A{I-a-
Im-cn-I-tfmS√msX i{XpX ]mSn-s√∂v Hm¿Øp-sIm-≈p-hn≥.'' (2: 194)
""A√tbm hnizm-kn-Itf, \n߃ Hcp ]Ssb t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ ssÿcy-
tØmsS \ne-sIm-≈pI.'' (8: 47.)
""A√tbm hnizkn-®h - tc, kXy-\n-tj-[n-If
- psS ]Ssb t\cn-Sp-tºmƒ
\n߬ ]n≥am-d-cpXv. Bsc-¶nepw CØcw kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ bp≤-X-{¥-am-
bnt´m as‰mcp ssk\y-hn-`m-K-tØm-sSm∏w tNcp-∂-Xn-∂p-th-≠ntbm
A√msX ]n∑m-dp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ tIm]-Øn¬ ]Xn-
°p-∂-XmWv. Ahs‚ A`-b-ÿm\w \c-I-am-bn-cn°pw. F¥p-am{Xw Zpjn®
kt¶-X-am-WXv!'' (8: 15, 16.) i{Xp-°-fpsS ap∂n¬ \nt∂m-Sn-t∏m-Ip-∂Xv
G‰hpw henb [¿aNyp-Xn-bm-sW∂v ImWn-°p∂ H∂n-tesd lZo-kp-I-
fp≠v. t]Sn-t®m-Sp-∂h - s‚ BW-Øan-√mbva sImSnb ]m]-am-sW-∂v t]mepw
Hcn-°¬ {]hm-N-I≥ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠mbn:
""F√m \∑-I-sfbpw l\n-°p∂ aq∂v alm-]m-]-ß-fp≠v. H∂,v A√m-
lp-hn\v ]¶p-Imsc Iev]n-°pI, c≠v, amXm-]n-Xm-°-fpsS Ah-Imiw
\ntj-[n-°pI, aq∂v, A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿KØn-ep≈ bp≤-Øn¬ \n∂v
]n¥n-cn-t™m-SpI.''
Hs´√m \mSp-I-fnepw ]gb N{I-h¿Øn-am-cpsS {]Xm]w Ah¿ \S-
Ønb bp≤-ß-fpsS FÆ-s∏-cp-∏-Ønepw t\Snb bp≤-hn-P-b-ß-fn-ep-amWv
Du∂n-\n-∂n-cp-∂Xv. cmPy hnkvXrXn Iq´m≥ am{X-a√ A¿Ykºm-Z-\-
Øn\pw ASn-a-Isf ]nSn-®-S-°p-∂-Xn\pw th≠n ]g-b-Im-eØv bp≤w \S-
ØpI F∂Xv ]Xn-hm-bn-cp∂p. F∂m¬ cmPyw, A¿Yw, ASna F∂n-h-
bv°p-th-≠n-bp≈ Hscm‰ bp≤-Øn-\p-t]mepw {]hm-NI - ≥ t\XrXzw \evIn-
bn√ F∂Xv {it≤-b-amWv. {]hm-N-I≥ kmcYyw \evInb {][m-\-s∏´
bp≤-ß-fpsS ]›m-Øew {i≤n-®m¬ C°mcyw hy‡-amIpw.
aZo-\-bn¬ A`bw tXSnb {]hm-N-I-s\bpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw
Ahn-sS-\n∂v Xpc-Øn-tbm-´m≥ Jpssd-in-Iƒ aZo-\-bnse {]am-Wn-amsc
t{]cn-∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂p. AØcw {ia-ß-sf√mw hn^-e-ß-fm-sb∂p h∂-
t∏mƒ `ojWn{]tbm-K-ambn. apl-Ω-Zns\ aZo-\-°m¿ h[n-°p-∂n-s√-¶n¬
aZo-\-°msc Hs∂m-gn-bmsX X߃ hI-h-cp-Øp-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p IØp-I-
fnse `ojWn. `oj-Wn-sIm≠pw ^e-an-s√-∂m-bt- ∏mƒ Ih¿®bpw ssItb-
‰-hp-am-cw-`n®p. aZo-\-bn¬ IS-∂p-sN∂v Ahn-SsØ BSp-am-Sp-Isf tamjvSn-
°p-hm≥ XpSßn. kwL-´-\-sam-gn-hm-°m≥ aZo-\-°m¿ t_m[-]q¿hw {ian-
®p-t\m°n. A\p-\b {ia-߃ ]cm-P-b-s∏´p. aZo-\bv-s°-Xnsc hensbmcp
164 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
bp≤w Jpssd-in-I-fpsS a\- n¬ cq]w {]m]n-®p-I-gn-™n-cp∂p. Bh-iy-am-
b{X Bbp[ kw`-c-W-Øn-\mbn A_q-kp-^vbms‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ hen-
sbmcp I®-h-S-kwLw iman-te°v ]pd-s∏´p. Ah¿ Bbp-[-°-®-hSw
\SØn \nc-]mbw a°-bn-te°v aS-ßn-sb-¶nepw bm{X-bn¬ apkvenw-Iƒ
Xßsf ssItb‰w sNbvXp-sh∂v Ah-scmcp I≈-°Y {]N-cn-∏n®p.
CXn∂v ]Icwho´m-s\∂ \ne-bn¬ {Iqc\pw Ip_p-≤n-bp-sa∂v Ip{]-kn≤n
t\Snb A_q-P-lv-ens‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ \qdv IpXn-c-∏-S-bm-fn-I-f-S-ßp∂
hen-sbmcp ssk\yw aZo-\-bn-te°v \oßn. Imcy-a-dn™ {]hm-N-I≥
klm-_n-am-cp-am-bm-tem-Nn®p. {]Xn-tcm-[-Øn\v Xocp-am-\-sa-SpØp. aZo-\-
bnse Hukv˛JkvdPvtKm-{X-°m¿ Jpssd-in-If - psS [n°m-c]- q¿h-amb A\o-
Xnsb Poh≥ sImSpØpw t\cn-S-W-sa∂v {]hm-N-I-t\m-S-`y¿Yn®p.
""\_ntb, Xm¶-fpsS CSØpw heØpw ap∂nepw ]n∂nepw \n∂v
R߃ s]mcp-Xp-''sa∂v ]d™ anJvZmZv F∂ bph-[o-c-\mb klm-_n-
bpsS hm°p-Iƒ {]hm-N-Is\ tcma-l¿j-a-Wn-bn®p.
""{]hm-N-I≥ Iev]n-®m¬ \Sp-°-S-en¬ NmSm\pw X߃ Xøm-dmWv''
F∂ JkvdPv tKm{X-t\-Xm-hmb kAZv-_v\p D_m-Z-bpsS hm°p-Iƒ
AXy¥w Bth-i-ZmbI-am-bn-cp∂p.
c≠p IpXn-c-Ifpw GXm\pw Bbp-[-ß-fp-ambn apl-ΩZv \_nbpw
Iptd kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-an-dßn. aZo-\-bn¬\n∂v Dt±iw \q‰n ap∏Xv
In.ao‰¿ AI-se-bp≈ Hcp sIm®p {Kma-amWv _Z¿. Ahn-sS-bmWv Jpssd-
in-I-fpsS ssItb‰w Agn-™m-Sn-Øn-a¿ØXv. CXmWv _Z¿ bp≤-Øns‚
]›m-Øew. bp≤w A\n-hm-cy-am-°-s∏´ Hcp aplq¿Ø-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.
bp≤w A\n-hm-cy-am-°-s∏´ kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ `ocp-sh-t∏mse, Kuc-h-t_m-[-
apƒs°m-≈msX ]n≥Xn-cn-t™m-Sp-∂Xv A]lmky-am-sW-∂mWv Ckvemw
kwkvIrXn A\p-im-kn-°p-∂Xv.
khoJv bp≤-Øns‚ kml-N-cy-sam∂v {i≤n°mw. ChnsS sslµ-
hob IYm-tem-IØv {it≤-b-amb `ojva {]Xn-⁄tbm ]m©meo i]-
Ytam t]mep≈ Hcp kw`-h-ap-≠mbn. A_q-kp-^vbm≥ {]Xm-]n-bmb Hcp
]S-\m-b-I-\m-bn-cp∂p. At±lw t\cn´v ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂n-s√-¶nepw _Zv¿
bp≤-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ Iptd an{X-߃ sIm√-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bt{X.
kz¥w aI≥ _‘-\-ÿ-\m-°-s∏-´p-sh∂pw At±-l-a-dn™p. Ien-bp-
d™ A_qkp^vbm≥ Hcp {]Xn⁄ sNbvXp:
""CXn∂v ]Icw ho´msX Xm\n\n kpJ-ku-I-cy-ßfpw BUw-_-c-h-
kvXp-°fpw hninjvS t`mPy-߃t]mepw A\p-`-hn-°p-I-bn√.'' ka-\ne
sX‰n-b-h-s\-t∏mse A_q-kp^vbm≥ aZo-\-bpsS Ab¬{]tZ-iØv sN∂v
Xmh-f-a-Sn®v X°w ]m¿Øn-cn-∏mbn. Ahn-SsØ blqZ {]am-Wn-am-cp-am-bn-
t®¿∂v Nne cl-ky-[m-cW - I
- fp-≠m°n. Hcp ]mXn-cm-{Xn-bn¬ Xs‚ ssk\y-
hp-ambn aZo-\-bn¬ ]m™p-sN∂v Hcp A≥km-cn-tbbpw At±-l-tØm-sSm-
∏-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ Nne-tcbpw sh´n-s°m∂p. hgn-bn¬ I≠ hoSp-Ifpw Iptd
Cu¥-∏-\-tØm-∏p-Ifpw Nps´-cn®p.
]Icw ho´n kwXr-]vXn-tbmsS, Hcp tPXm-hn-s\-t∏mse At±lw
a°-bn-te°v aSßn. ]mh-s∏-´-h-cpsS hkvXp-h-l-Iƒ Nps´-cn-°p-Ibpw
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√ 165
\nc-]-cm-[n-Isf sIms∂m-Sp-°pIbpw sNbvX {Iqc-X-bvs°-Xnsc apl-ΩZv
\_n [¿acp-jvS-\mbn. H´pw sshImsX Iptd A\p-N-c≥am-tcm-sSm∏w
{]hm-N-I≥ A_q-kp-^vbms\ ]n¥p-S¿∂p. {]hm-N-I\pw Iq´p-Imcpw
Xs∂ ]n≥Xp-S-cp-∂p-s≠-∂-dn™ kp^vbm≥ Xs‚ Hm´-Øn\v thK-wIq´n.
`£-W-Øn-∂mbn IqsS Icp-Xn-bn-cp∂ tKmX-ºp-Nm-°p-Iƒ t]mepw hgn-
bn¬ If-™mWv Ah-tcm-Sn-bXv. (AXp-sIm-≠mWv khoJv [tKmX-ºp-
s]mSn] bp≤-sa∂v Ncn-{X-Im-c≥am¿ AXns\ hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv.) Chn-sSbpw
{]hm-N-I≥ bpt≤m-Zyp-‡-\m-bXv bp≤w A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øo¿∂p F∂v
h∂-t∏m-gmWv.
DlvZv bp≤-Øns‚ ]›m-Øe {]Ir-Xhpw hyXy-kvX-a√. {it≤-b-
amb _Zv¿ bp≤-Ønse Xncn-®Sn Jpssd-in-Isf hnkvab hnh-i-cm-°n-bn-
cp∂p. a°-bnse Iptd {]am-Wn-am-cmWv sIm√-s∏-´-h-cn-te-sd-t∏cpw. Jpssd-
in-Iƒ°v AXv Zp -l-am-bn-cp∂p. Ah-cn¬ {]Xn-Im-cm·n Bfn-°-Øn-b-Xn-
¬ AZv`p-X-an√. Xß-fpsS hº≥ kmbp[ ssk\ysØ Xmc-X-tay\ ]cn-
anX hn`-h≥am-cmb sNdnb apkvenw ssk\yw Fßs\ ]cm-P-b-s∏-SpØn
F∂Xv Jpssd-in-I-fpsS a\- p-I-fn¬ Hcp hnkva-b-ambn hnf-™p-\n∂p.
XpS¿∂p≈ cm∏-I-ep-Iƒ Hcp ISpØ bp≤-Øn-∂p≈ ssk\nI k÷o-
I-c-W-Øn-∂mbn Ah¿ hn\n-tbm-Kn®p. kao]{]tZ-i-ß-fn¬ sN∂v Bfpw
Bbp-[hpw k÷o-I-cn®p. At∏mgpw bp≤-kw-cw`w AXn-c-l-ky-ambn
kq£n-°m≥ Ah¿ Pm{KX ]pe¿Øn. ka¿Yamb bp≤X{¥-߃ sa\-
s™-SpØp. ap∆m-bncw `S≥amcpw A{X-Xs∂ H´-I-ßfpw Ccp\qdv IpXn-
c-Ifpw AWn-\n-c∂ B henb ssk\y-Øn¬ {]tXyIw ]cn-io-e\w
t\Snb Fgp-∂qdv A¶n-[m-cn-I-fpap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Ah¿ aq∂m-bn∏n-cn™v
aq∂v Zni-I-fn-eq-sS-bmWv aZo-\-bn-te°v IS-∂Xv.
i{Xpssk\yw aZo-\-bn¬\n∂v GXm≠v Bdv Intem-ao-‰¿ AI-se-
bp≈ DlvZv F∂ Ip∂ns‚ Xmgvh-c-bn¬ Xº-Sn-®n-´p-s≠∂v {]hm-N-I\v
hnhcw e`n®p. IqSp-X-e-dn-bm≥ A\kv, apA\okv F∂n-hsc DlvZ-n-te-°-
b®p. tI´-sX√mw kXy-am-sW-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv Bbp-
[-a-Wn-bm\pw ]≈n-bnepw ]´-W-ß-fnepw Imh¬ \nev°m-\p-am-h-iy-s∏´p.
aWn-°q-dp-Iƒ sIm≠v kS-Ip-S-s™-gp-t∂ev°m≥ kXyhnizm-kn-Iƒ°v
Ign™p. Dlv-Z-n-seØn, Bbn-c-ß-f-W-n\n-c∂ Jpssd-in-∏-Sbv°v apJm-`n-
apJw \n∂-t∏mƒ Xs‚ ]£Øv tIhew Fgp-∂q-tdmfw A\p-N-c-∑mtc
D≠m-bn-cp-∂p≈q F∂ hnNmcw apl-ΩZv \_nsb Akz-ÿ-\m-°n-bn√.
CXmWv DlvZv bp≤-Øns‚ ]›m-Øew. kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fp-sS-ta¬ bp≤w
ASn-t®ev]n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p.
Gsd sshIm-sX-bmWv J≥ZJv bp≤w Ah-Xo¿Wam-bXv. Hcp
ISpØ B{I-a-W-Øn-eqsS {]hm-N-I-s\bpw A\p-bm-bn-I-sfbpw \in-∏n-
°-W-sa∂ {]Xn-Imc hmRvO-tbm-sS-bmWv blqZ `S-∑m-cn-d-ßn-∏p-d-s∏-
´Xv. Ah-cmZyw sN∂Xv Jpssd-in-I-fpsS kao-]-tØ-°mWv. ssIh∂
\s√m-c-h-kcw ]mgm-°-cp-sX∂p IcpXn Ahcpw H∏-an-dßn. a°-bnse
tKm{X-{]-am-Wn-am-sc-°≠v Ccp-Iq-´cpw klm-b-a-`y¿Yn®p. apkvenw-Iƒs°-
Xn-sc-bp≈ bp≤w Pbn-®m¬ bp≤-ap-X¬ am{X-a√ Xß-fpsS A[o-\-X-bn-
166 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
ep≈ ssJ_-dnse Irjn-tØm-´-ß-fpsS Hcp h¿jsØ D¬]∂w a°-
bnse {]am-Wn-am-cmb KXv^m≥Im¿°v blq-Z¿ hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. ]c-
tZ-in-I-fn¬\n∂v Bh-iy-Øn-tesd Bbp-[-߃ kw`-cn®v Ah¿ bp≤-k-
∂-≤c - mbn.
\mem-bncw Imemƒ∏S, Bbn-c-Ø-™qdv H´-I-߃, ap∂qdv IpXn-c-
Iƒ, bp≤-a¿a-a-dn-bm-hp∂ A_q-kp-^vbms‚ tk\m-[n-]Xyw. Hm¿°m-∏p-
d-sØm-c-Sn-bmbn bp≤w ]cn-W-an-°-W-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS tamlw.
bp≤-hm¿Ø {]hm-N-Is‚ ImXp-I-fn-seØn. blq-Zcpw, Jpssd-in-
Ifpw a°-bnse tKm{X-{]-am-Wn-amcpw Hcp alm-bp-≤-Øn-\mWv tIm∏p- Iq-
´p-∂s- X-∂d - n™ apkvenw-Iƒ BZy-sam∂v sR´n. Ad_v temIw At∂mfw
I≠n-´n-√mØ Hcp alm-bp≤w AWn-b-d-bn¬ cq]w-sIm-≠p-h-cn-I-bm-bn-
cp∂p.
AXn-s\-Xnsc ka¿l-amb coXn-bn¬ {]Xn-Ic - n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv Bfl-
\m-i-I-c-am-bn-cn-°p-sa-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ apkvenw-Iƒ Kuc-h-]q¿hw bp≤-
X{¥w cq]-s∏-SpØn. ssk\y-_-e-a√ ssk\n-I X{¥-amWv bp≤ hnP-b-
Øn-∂-h-ew-_-sa∂v {]hm-N-I≥ A\p-bm-bn-Isf Hm¿an-∏n®p.
aZo-\°v Np‰pw Dt±iw F´v ao‰¿ hoXn-bnepw \mev -ao-‰¿ Ib-Øn-ep-
ap≈ InS-ßp-Iƒ tIhew Ccp-]Xv Znhkw sIm≠v Ipgn-s®m-cp°n. (Ggv
Znhkw sIm≠v F∂v as‰m-c-`n-{]m-b-ap≠v.) apl-ΩZv \_nbpw klm-_n-
Ifpw cm]-I-et\y hnb¿Øp-sIm≠v ]pXnb bp≤X{¥-Øns‚ H∂mw-
L´w hnP-b-]q¿hw ]n∂n´p. (hni∏v \nanØw \_n hb-‰Øv I√p-sh®v
sI´n-bmWv InSßv Ipgn-®Xv F∂ hm¿Ø A°m-eØv {]Np-c-am-bn-cp∂p.)
J≥Z-Jns‚ aq∂p-`mKw hoSp-Ifpw Cu¥-∏-\-tØm-∏p-I-fp-amWv. B
aq∂v `mK-ØmWv InS-ßp-Iƒ \n¿an-®Xv. Hcp `mKw ssk\ysØ hn\y-kn-
°m-s\m-gn-®n´p. (J≥ZZv F∂m¬ InSßv F∂m-W¿∞w.) Bbn-c-ß-f-S-
ßnb A{I-an-kwLw A\m-bmkw aZo-\sb hngp-ßp-sa∂ a´n¬ ]m™p-
h-s∂-Øn-b-t∏mƒ I≠Xv aZo-\°v Np‰p-sam-cp-°n-bn-´p≈ Ib-ap≈ InS-
ßp-Ifpw Ckvem-an-s\bpw X߃°-`b - ÿ
- m-\a
- mbn h¿Øn® aZo-\s - bbpw
c£n-°m≥ kzbw ka¿∏n®p \nev°p∂ apkvenw t]mcm-fn-I-sf-bp-amWv.
CXmWv J≥Z-Jns‚ ]›m-Øew. H∂p-In¬ bp≤w, As√-¶n¬
Bfl-\miw. bp≤sØ kzbw-h-cn-°m≥ Ckvemw kwkvIrXn apkvenw-I-
sf-bm-io¿h-Zn®p.
_\p¬ apkvXzen-Jvbp≤w A\n-hm-cy-am-°n-Øo¿Ø kml-Ncyw
{it≤-b-amWv. P\-a-\- p-I-fn¬ ]pXnb hnNm-c-hn-π-h-Øns‚ Ae-am-e-I-fp-
b¿Øn-bXv apl-Ω-ZmWv. Dd-h-b-S-®m¬ Hgp°v \nev°pw. apl-Ω-Zns\ hI-
h-cp-ØWw. a°-bnse {]apJ tKm{X-ß-fn-sem-∂mb apkvXz-enJv Cu
e£y-tØmsS aZo-\-bm-{I-an-°m≥ ]S-sbm-cp°n. ]S-∏p-d-∏m-Sn-s\-°p-dn®v
kq£v-a-am-b-dn™ {]hm-N-I≥ aZo-\-bpsS `c-W-`mcw sskZv_n≥ lmcn-
k-sb-tb-ev]n®v A\p-N-c≥am-cp-ambn Hcp al-Ømb ZuXy-\n¿h-l-W-
Øns‚ a\x-ip-≤n-tbmsS ]pd-s∏´p. ssk\ysØ c≠mbn ]IpØp.
aplmPndp-I-fpsS kmcYyw A_q-_-°¿ kzn±o-Jn-\m-bn-cp∂p. A≥kzm-cn-
Isf \bn-®Xv kA-Zv_n≥ D_m-Zbpw. t]mcn-∂p≈ t]m°n¬ ]Xv\-nam-
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√ 167
cmb BCibpw DΩp ke-abpw \_nsb A\p-K-an®p.
Ccp-fns‚ ad-]‰n, A®-S-°-tØmsS apkvenw ssk\yw apkvXz-enJv
tKm{X-°m-cpsS apssd-ko-Av XSm-I-Øn-s‚-bSp-sØØn. t\cw shfp-Ø-
t∏mƒ Xßsf hebw sNbvXp-\nev°p∂ apkvenw ]S-sb-°≠v Iptd-t]¿
t]Sn-t®mSn. _m°n-bp-≈-h¿ s]mbvØm-cw-`n®p. apkvenw ssk\yw Ahsc
A\m-bmkw ssIImcyw sNbvXp. bp≤-s°m-Xn-b-\mb Hcm-fm-bn-cp-∂n√
apl-ΩZv. ]Ww, {]Xm]w, cmPym-Xn¿Øn hnI-kn-∏n-°¬ XpS-ßnb k¶p-
NnX Xm¬]-cy-߃°mbn {]hm-N-I≥ Hcp bp≤hpw Bcw-`n-®n´n√. kml-
Ncyw bp≤sØ A\n-hm-cy-am-°n-Øo¿Ø-t∏mƒ {]hm-NI ssk\yw Bbp-
[-aW- n™p.
Hcp-Im-eØv blqZ aX-hn-`m-K-Øns‚ A[n-hmk tI{µ-am-bn-cp∂p
ssJ_¿. aZo-\-bn¬\n∂v Dt±iw \q‰dp-]Xv Intem-ao-‰¿ AI-se-bm-WXv.
Iq‰≥ tIm´-I-fm¬ kpc-£n-X-am-bn-cp∂p Ahn-SsØ `c-W-Im-cym-ebw.
blq-Z¿°v kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-tfmSv AS-ßmØ Aa¿jhpw hntZz-j-hp-am-bn-
cp∂p. Ah-cpsS ]S-Ø-e-h-\mWv A_q-dm-^n-Av. km[m-c-W-°mcpw \nc-]-
cm-[n-I-fp-amb kXy-hn-izm-kn-Isf In´p∂ kµ¿`-ß-fp-]-tbm-Kn®v At±lw
]oUn-∏n-®p-t]m∂p. imco-cn-I-amb B{I-aWw, sIm≈bpw sIm≈n-sh∏pw,
BSp-am-Sp-Isf I´p-sIm-≠p-t]m-I¬˛Aßs\ ]e \ne-bnepw Atem-
kcw XpS¿∂p. kln-sI´ {]hm-N-I≥ A_q-dm-^n-Cs\ t\cn-Sm≥ A_vZp-
√m-_n≥ AXo-Ins‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ t]mcm-fn-I-sf-b-b®p. Ah¿ ssJ_-
dn-seØn. A\p-N-c-∑msc ]pd-Øp-\n¿Øn At±lw tIm´-bn¬ Ibdn.
tIm´-hm-Xn-ep-I-sf√mw Xpd-∂p-sh®p. A_q-dm-^n-Cs‚ ib-\-Kr-l-Øn-
seØn At±-l-hp-ambn G‰p-ap´n. t]mcm-´-Øn¬ A_q-dm-^n-Av sIm√-
s∏´p.
XpS¿∂p-h∂ blq-Z-\m-b-I-\mb bmkn-dp_v\p d m-ans\ kao-]n®v
k¿∆\m-i-Ic-amb bp≤-bXv\Øn¬\n∂v ]n≥Xn-cn-bm≥ BIm-hp-∂{X
t{]cW sNep-Ø-W-sa∂v {]hm-N-I-\m-{K-ln®p. {]hm-N-I≥ \b-tIm-hn-
Zcpw ]Iz-a-Xn-I-fp-amb ap∏Xv ]S-\m-b-I≥amsc A\p-c-RvP\ `mj-W-Øn-
∂-b®p. kw`m-jWthf-bn¬ apkvenw ]S-\m-b-I≥am¿ Cßs\ Adn-
bn®p:
""Cu kulrZ kw`m-j-W-Øns‚ \√ ]cy-h-km-\-sa∂ a´n¬ \ap-
s°m-cp-an®v {]hm-N-I-k-∂n-[n-bn-te°v t]mImw. kulrZ kqN-I-ambn,
ssJ_-dns‚ B[n-]Xyw bmkn-dns\Xs∂ Gev]n-°m≥ {]hm-N-I-\m-{K-
ln-°p-∂p≠v. kam-[m-\-]-cn-c-£-W-Øn∂v Bh-iy-am-b-sX√mw sNøm\pw
Xncp-ta\n k∂-≤-\mWv.''
bmkn¿ {]hm-N-Is‚ A\p-c-RvP-\-{i-a-Øn¬ AXoh k¥pjvSn
{]I-Sn-∏n®p. AsXmcp h©-\-bpsS XpS-°-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v apkvenw ]S-\m-
b-I≥am¿ [cn-®n√. Ah-sc√mw aZo-\-bn-te°v kt¥m-j-]p-c- cw bm{X-Xn-
cn®p. bm{Xm-th-f-bn¬ NXn-bpsS Ac-t߉w \S∂p. kulr-Z-Øns‚
apJw hen-s®-dn™v bmkndpw A\p-N-c≥amcpw apkvenw ]S-\m-b-I≥am-
cpsS ta¬ NmSn-hoWp. Hm¿°m-∏p-dt- ؉ BLm-Xa - m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw A_vZp-
≈bpw Iq´p-Imcpw Iui-e-]q¿hw Xncn-®-Sn®p. Ako-d-tbbpw kwL-
168 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
tØbpw hI-h-cpØn. C\n {]Jym-]nX bp≤-a-√msX as‰mcp am¿§-hp-an-
s√∂v t_m[y-amb {]hm-N-I≥ ]S-b-Wn-bp-ambn ssJ_-dn-te°v \oßn.
Ccp-\qdv IpXn-c-∏-´m-f-°mcpw Bbn-c-Øn-b-dp-∂q-tdmfw hcp∂ t]mcm-fn-
Ifpw apkvenw ]Ssb AP-ø-am°n.
Hcn-°¬ kXy-hn-izmk-Øns‚ {]Nm-c-Wm¿Yw {]hm-N-I≥ A≥]Xv
t]c-S-ßnb Hcp kwLsØ _\q-kp-sse-an-te-°-b®p. Ahsc Ahn-
SsØ `c-W-IqSw kzoI-cn-®m-Z-cn-®p-sh-¶nepw X©w In´n-b-t∏mƒ NXn-
bn¬s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-∂p-I-f™p. kwL-Ø-e-h≥ Fß-s\tbm c£-s∏´p.
XpS¿∂v _\q-kpssew tKm{X-hp-ambn kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ G‰p-ap´n. Ahsc
A\m-bmkw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ apkvenw ]Sbv°v km[n®p.
]n∂o-sSm-cn-°¬ ]Xn-\-©p-t]-c-S-ßp∂ Hcp {]Nm-c-I-kw-LsØ
kndn-b°v kao-]-ap≈ ZmØp-_¬ln-te-°-b®p. t\Xm-shm-gnsI as‰-√m-
hcpw sIm√-s∏´p. a\p-jy-_‘ - ß - s
- fbpw cmPym-¥c - ob acym-ZI
- s
- f-t∏mepw
Nhn-´n-bpe®psIm-≠p≈ ZujvSy-hr-Øn-Iƒ {]hm-N-Is\ Xo¿Øpw Akz-
ÿ-\m°n. Ah-bvs°-Xnsc {]Xn-Ic - n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv [¿ahncp-≤a - m-sW∂v
{]hm-N-I\v tXm∂n.
i{Xp-]-£-Øns‚ Icp-Ødn-bm-hp∂ {]hm-N-I≥ \s√mcp ssk\y
k÷o-I-c-W-Øn\v {iaw XpSßn. Gsd sshImsX aqhm-bn-c-tØmfw
AwK-k-Jy-h-cp∂ kpk-÷-amb Hcp ]S-\n-c-sbm-cp°n apAvXxbnte-°-
b®p. Xs‚ hm’-ey-`m-P-\-amb sskZn-s\-bmWv {]hm-N-I≥ tk\m-]-Xn-
bmbn \ntbm-Kn-®Xv. aZo-\-bpsS AXn¿Øn-hsc \_n Ahsc A\p-K-an®p.
]S-bm-fn-Isf Bio¿h-Zn-®p-sIm≠v {]hm-N-I≥ Cß-s\-b-dn-bn®p:
""kv{XoI-sfbpw hr≤-P-\-ß-sfbpw sIm√-cpXv. sI´n-S-߃ XI¿°p-
Itbm hr£-߃ sh´n-\-in-∏n-°p-Itbm sNø-cpXv. A√mlp \nß-tfm-
sSm-∏-ap-≠m-Is´. kpc-£n-X-cmbn aS-ßn-h-cm≥ Ah≥ klm-bn-°s´.''
apkvenw-I-fpsS ssk\nI \o°w t\c-sØ-Xs∂ a\- n-em-°nb
tdmam-N-{I-h¿Øn-bmb lncm-¢n-b v Hcp e£-Øn¬]cw hcp∂ Iq‰≥
ssk\y-hp-ambn apA-vXx-bn-te-s°Øn. IS-ev-t]mse ]m™p-h-cp∂ i{Xp
ssk\y-sØ-°≠ Nne¿s°-¶nepw a\ p ]X-dp-∂p-s≠∂p a\- n-em-
°nb [oc-tbm-≤m-hmb A_vZp-√m-ln_v\p dhml Ahsc t\m°n Cßs\
Hm¿an-∏n®p:
""Fs‚ P\-ßtf, \n߃°n-t∏mƒ shdp∏p tXm∂p-∂Xv F¥n-t\m-
SmtWm AtX c‡-km-£n-Xz-Øn\p th≠n-bmWv bYm¿Y-Øn¬ \n߃
Cd-ßn-∏p-ds
- ∏-´n-cn-°p-∂Xv. \mw s]mcp-Xp-∂Xv AwK-_e - Ø
- n-s‚tbm `uXnI
i‡n-bp-sStbm ]n≥_-e-Øn-e√. c≠p -t\-´-ß-fn-sem∂v \n›-b-ambpw
\ap-°p≠v˛H∂p-In¬ hnPbw As√-¶n¬ c‡-km-£nXzw.''
]pXp-Po-h\ - W - n™ t]mcm-fn-Iƒ ]X-dmØ Im¬sh-∏p-It- fmsS i{Xp-
\n-cbv°v t\sc \oßn. CXmWv apAvXx bp≤-Øns‚ ]›m-Øew. bp≤-
tØm-Sp≈ {]hm-NI a\- -dn-bp-hm≥ apAvXx bp≤ ]›m-Øew Fsd- k-
lm-b-I-amWv.
A\n-hm-cy-amb kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ A\p-t]-£-Wobw F∂ Ah-ÿ-
bn¬ am{Xta kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ ]S-°n-d-ßn-bn-cp-∂p≈q. A°m-eØv
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√ 169
Ckvem-anI `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ _UvP-‰n¬ ssk\y-s®-ehv Fs∂m-cn\w
ImWp-am-bn-cp-∂n√. ÿncw ssk\ytam bpt≤m-]-I-cW \n¿am-W-{i-atam
A∂n-√m-bn-cp∂p. bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-t°-≠n-h-cp∂ Hmtcm ]uc\pw X\n-
°m-h-iy-amb `£Ww, ]m\obw, Bbp[w F∂nh kz¥-ambn Icp-Xn-sh-
t°-≠n-bn-cp∂p. bp≤-Im-e-Øp-t]mepw ssk\n-I¿°v iºfw \evIn-bn-cp-
∂n√. ssZh-am¿KØn¬ \S-Øp∂ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°p-Is - b-∂Xv Hmtcm
]uc-s‚bpw IS-a-bmbn, ]pWy-hr-Øn-bmbn Icp-X-s∏´p. AXns‚ I¿a-hn-
ip-≤n-bpsS {]`m-In-c-W-߃ bp≤m-\-¥c hrØn-Ifnepw sXfn-™p-Im-
Wm-am-bn-cp∂p. bp≤-th-f-bn¬ i{Xp-°-fn¬\n∂v ]nSn-s®-Sp-°p∂ H´-I-
߃, IpXn-c-Iƒ, ]S-t°m-∏p-Iƒ F∂nh tbm≤m-°ƒ°n-S-bn¬ hoXn-°-
s∏Spw. bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Im-cn¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ "tamN-\-{Zhyw' t]mcm-fn-Iƒ°-
h-Im-is - ∏-´X
- m-bn-cp∂p. bp≤-ØS- h
- p-Im¿°v Zp¿h-la
- m-bn-tØm∂p-amdv hep-
Xm-bn-cp-∂n√ "tamN-\-{Zhyw.' bp≤-Ø-S-hp-Im-tcmSv i{Xp-Xbpw sshcm-
Kyhpw ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂n√. _Zv¿ bp≤-Øn-\p-tijw tamN-\-{Zhyw sImSp-
°m≥ Ign-bmØ ]c-a-Z-cn-{Z-\mb Hcp XS-hp-Im-c≥ hnj-an®p \nev°p-I-bm-
bn-cp∂p. At±-ls - amcp km£-c\- m-bX- p-sIm≠v ]Øp \nc-£c - ¿°v A£cw
sImSpØp tamN\w t\Sn-s°m-≈m≥ {]hm-N-I≥ \n¿tZ-in®p. bp≤-Ø-S-
hp-Im-tcmSv {]hm-N-I≥ ]pe¿Øn-t∏m∂ DZm-cX t_m[y-s∏-Sm≥ CXnepw
hensbmcp sXfn-hm-h-iy-an√. Pbn-en¬ Ign-bp∂ ImeØv tPmen-sN-bvXp-
≠m-°p∂ kºmZyw tamN-\-{Z-hy-ambn \evIn kzX-{¥-cm-hm≥ XS-hp-
Im¿°v kuI-cy-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. kImØv, [¿a-\n-[n-Iƒ XpS-ßn-b-h-bn¬
kzcq-]n-°-s∏-Sp∂ [\w "tamN-\-aqeyw' \evIp-∂-Xn-∂p-]-tbm-Kn-°m-sa∂v
{]hm-N-I≥ \n¿tZin®p.
Ckvem-anI kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ Gsd {it≤-b-amb ]Z-ß-fn-sem-∂mWv
PnlmZv. sX‰mbn {]N-cn-®p-t]m-cp∂ Hcp ]Z-am-WnXv. ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ Hcp
hy‡n-b¿∏n-°p∂ kakvX {ia-߃°pw XymK-߃°p-amWv \nb-X-amb
A¿YI-ev]-\-bn¬ PnlmZv F∂p ]d-bp-∂Xv. A√m-lp-hn-s∂-Xnsc h¿Øn-
°p∂ kIe i‡n-I-tfm-Sp-ap≈ \nc-¶p-i-amb t]mcm-´-amWv PnlmZv.
ssZh-Øns‚ GI-Xz-Øn-ep≈ AN-©-e-amb hnizm-khpw a\p-jy-h¿K-
tØm-Sp≈ ]c-a-amb kvt\l-hp-amWv Pnlm-Zn\v {]tNm-Z-I-ambn h¿Øn-°p-
∂Xv.
""Hcp apkvenw Xs‚ kIe Ign-hp-I-fp-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v sNøp∂ k¿h-
tXm-ap-J-amb ka-c-amWv PnlmZv'' F∂v Zm¿i\n-I-\mb C_v\p-dpivZv \n¿h-
Nn-®n-´p≠v.
PnlmZv F∂ ssZhnI ka-c-Øns‚ Ah-ew_w i‡n-b√, Z¿i-\-
amWv˛kap¬Ir-jvS-amb ssZh-Z¿i\w. AXn-\m¬ B[ym-flnI {]tNm-Zn-
X-amb ka-cta Pnlm-ZmIq.
bp≤w (JnXm¬) F∂-Xns‚ ]Icw ]Z-a√ PnlmZv. Pnlm-Zns\
tIhew bp≤-am-bn-°m-Wp-tºmƒ AXns‚ Bi-b-]-c-amb {]hn-im-e-
Xbv°v kt¶m-N-a-\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ssZhn-I-amb ]cn-th-j-Øn\v aß-
teev°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. bp≤-sa-∂Xv AXns‚ Dt±-iy-e-£y-߃ F{X
hnim-e-am-bmepw kap¬Ir-jvS-am-bmepw _mly-i-‡n-I-tfm-Sp≈ t]mcm´w
170 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
am{X-amWv.
ssZh-am¿K-Ønse bp≤-am-bm¬t∏mepw Bbp-[-[m-cn-I-fmb i{Xp-
°-sf-bm-W-hnsS t\cn-Sp-∂Xv. ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ bp≤-am-Ip-tºmƒ
AsXmcp [¿a-ka - c
- a- mbn. [¿aka-cs
- a∂ \ne-bn¬ AXv Pnlm-Zm-Wv. AXn-
\m¬, F√m -bp-≤-ßfpw Pnlm-Z√. bp≤-Øns‚ ]Icw ]Z-a√ PnlmZv.
Pnlm-Zn¬ bp≤-ap≠v F∂p-am{Xw. ChnsS Hcp \_n-h-N\w A\p-kva-c-
Wobw:
""kz¥w ico-c-tØmSp kacw sNøp-∂-h-\mWv apPm-lnZv.'' kz¥w
ico-c-Øn-s\-Xnsc, C—-Iƒs°-Xnsc, X∂nse Xn≥a-Iƒ°pw arKo-b-X-
Iƒ°p-sa-Xn-sc-bp≈ t]mcm-´-amWv kp{]-[m-\-amb PnlmZv.
""Pnlm-Zn¬ C{µnb \n{Klw km[n®v at\m-Pbw ssIh-cn-°m≥ Ign-
™mse ssZh-am¿KØn-ep≈ ka-c-Øn\v Hcph≥ i-‡\pw ka¿l-\p-am-
bn-Øo-cp-∂p≈q'' F∂ \_n-h-N\w Pnlm-Zns‚ A¥x-cwK ku`mKyw
sXfn®pIm´m≥ t]m∂-XmWv. Xs∂ Zp¿_e-\m-°p-Ibpw \n¿ho-cy-s∏-Sp-
Øp-Ibpw hgn-sX-‰n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ X∂nse ZpjvS-i-‡n-Iƒs°-Xnsc
t]mcm-Sp-I-sb-∂-XmWv \_n-h-N-\-Øns‚ `mjy-sa∂v Ckvemw kwkvIr-
Xnsb Bg∏-c-∏p-I-fn¬ hni-I-e\w sNbvX C_v\p Jønw {]kvXm-hn-®n-
´p≠v.
a\- ns\ amen-\y-ap-‡-am°n, I¿tΩm≥ap-Jam°n, Bfl-hocyw
hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°p-Ib - m-Wm-hiyw. A{I-an-bmb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS apJØp-
t\m°n kXyw tLmjn-°p-∂-XmWv G‰hpw henb [¿a-k-a-c-sa∂ {]hm-
N-Ia- Xw Cu Bfl-ho-cy-sØ-bmWv A\p-Km\w sNøp-∂Xv. at\m-hmIvI¿a-
߃ F∂ {XnI-c-W-ßsf B Zni-bn-te°v GIm-{K-am-°Ww. Xn≥a-Iƒ
I≠m¬, A[¿aw t_m[y-s∏-´m¬ {XnI-c-W-ßfpw {]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØn
Ah-bvs°-Xnsc {]Xn-I-cn-°Ww. {]hm-N-I≥ Cßs\ Adn-bn®p:
""\n߃ Xn∑ I≠m¬ AXv ssIsIm≠p XS-bpI. AXn∂v Akm-
[y-amsW-¶n¬ Xs‚ \mhp-sIm≠v; AXn\pw i‡n-bn-s√-¶n¬ Xs‚ a\-
 p-sIm≠v AXns\ shdp-°p-I-sb-¶nepw sNøs´. AXt{X hnizm-k-
Øn¬ G‰hpw Zp¿_e-am-bXv.''
FhnsS \∑ I≠mepw AXns\ t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-Ibpw ]pjvSn-s∏-
Sp-Øp-Ibpw sNøpI; FhnsS Xn∑-b-\p-`-h-s∏-´mepw AXns\ i‡-am-sb-
Xn¿°pI. XpS¿∂v ssZhnI kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ kwc-N\ km[n-°pI. `K-h-
ZvKo-X-bn¬ Cu I¿Ω-{X-b-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ sXfn™ ]cm-a¿i-ap≠v.
]cn-{Xm-Wmb km[q\mw
hn\m-im-b -N-Zp-jvIrXmw
[¿Ω kwÿm-]-\m¿∞mb˛
F∂v. \∑sb kwc-£n-°pI, Xn≥asb hn]m-S\w sNøpI, [¿a kwÿm-
]\w km[n-°pI. aX Xe-ß-fnse Nn¥-bpsS Hu∂-Xy-Ønse kam-\-X-
bmbn \man-Xn-s\-bm-kz-Zn-°pI.
Xn∑-tbmSv k‘n-sN-øm≥ Hcn-°epw k∂-≤-am-hmØ aX-Z¿i-\-
amWv Ckvemw. B{I-a-W-Øn\v t\sc-bp≈ sNdp-Øp-\nev]v A\n-hm-cy-hp-
amWv. AXn-\m¬ Ckvemw kwkvIrXn _e-{]-tbm-KsØ ]cn-]q¿W-ambn
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√ 171
hnh¿Pn-°p∂ H∂√. A\n-hm-cy-amb kµ¿`-ß-fnse "\oXoI-cn-°-Ø°
bp≤w' AhnsS km[phpw km¿YI-hp-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p.
A\n-hm-cy-amb kµ¿`-ß-fnse bp≤w km[q-I-cn-°-s∏-´-Xp-t]m-se-
Xs∂ bp≤-cw-K-Øp-S-\ofw [¿aw \njvI¿jn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p F∂Xpw
{it≤-b-amWv. A\ym-b-ambn Hcp Pohnsb h[n-®m¬ h[n-®-h≥ temI-P-
\-Xsb H∂-S¶w h[n-®-h\v Xpey-\m-sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ Xm°oXp \evIn-bn-
´p≠v. ""(Ah¿,) A√mlp BZ-cn® Hcp Poh-s\bpw A\ym-b-ambn \in-∏n-
°p-I-bn√.'' (2: 68)
Hcn-°¬ {]hm-N-I≥ ]d™p:
""A{I-an-bm-bmepw A{I-an-°-s∏-´-h-\m-bmepw \o \ns‚ ktlm-Z-
cs\ klm-bn-°pI.''
A\p-N-c≥am¿ tNmZn®p:
""A{I-an-°-s∏-´-hs\ klm-bn°mw˛AXp a\- n-em°mw. F∂m¬
A{I-ansb Fßs\ klm-bn-°m-\mIpw?'' DØ-c-£WwXs∂ {]hm-N-
I≥ {]Xn-I-cn®p:
""A{I-ansb Ahs‚ ssI ]nSn-®p-sIm≠p A{IahrØn-bn¬\n∂v
Ahs\ c£n°mw.''
sX‰v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m≠v, t{]cW sNep-Øn-s°m≠v, _ew
{]tbm-Kn-®p-sIm≠v ]n≥Xn-cn-∏n-°-W-sa-∂mWv Cu lZo-kn\v \evI-s∏´
`mjyw. Xn∑sb {]Xn-tcm-[n-°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂Xv, Xn∑-bp-ambn kl-h¿Øn-
°p-∂Xv, Xn∑-bp--samØv [mc-W-bm-hp-∂Xv {]Ir-Xn-Z-Ø-amb a\p-jym-h-Im-
i-ß-fpsS ewL-\-am-sW∂v Ckvemw tLmjn-°p∂p.
""A{I-asØ {]Xn-tcm-[n-°Ww. A{I-an-°-s∏-´-hs‚, AXn∂v km[y-
X-bp-≈-hs‚ P∑m-h-Im-i-am-WXv.''
""bp‡n-]q¿h-amb, t{ijvT-amb kZp-]-tZ-i-tØm-Sp-Iq-Snbpw Xm¶-
fpsS \mYs‚ kc-Wn-bn-te°v {]t_m-[\w sNøpI. D¬Ir-jvS-amb coXn-
bn¬ P\-ß-tfmSv kwhmZw sNøpI.'' Aßs\ NXp-cp-]m-b-ßfpw {]tbm-
Kn-®n´pw Xn∑ XpS-cm-\mWv `mh-sa-¶n¬ AhnsS bp≤w A\n-hm-cy-amWv.
bp≤-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ bp≤-a-√Xv. [¿a-kw-c-£-Wm¿Yw \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-
Sp∂ Znhy ZuXy-am-WXv. AXv Pnlm-Zns‚ ]cn-]m-h\- X
- b
- W
- n-™p-\nev°p∂p.
""kXy-hn-izm-kn-If
- psS e£-Wa
- mWv ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøpI
F∂Xv. bYm¿Y kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ ZqX-\nepw
hnizkn-°p-Ibpw ]n∂o-S-Xn¬ Atijw kwi-bn-°m-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw kz¥w
Poh-[-\m-Zn-I-fn¬ ssZhnI kc-Wn-bn¬ kacw sNøp-Ibpw sNbvX-h-
cs{X.'' (49:15)
_p≤n-i‡n, Imbn-I-i‡n F∂n-h-sIm≠pw Xs‚ A[o-\-X-bn-
ep≈ hn`-h-߃ D]-tbm-Kn®pw \S-Øp∂ F√m [¿a-k-a-c-ßfpw Pnlm-
ZmWv. _u≤n-Ihpw Imbn-I-hp-amb Ign-hp-I-fp-]-tbm-Kn-®p-sIm-≠m-hs´,
Xs‚ hmKvssh-`hw, [m¿an-I-i‡n, ss[cyw, Bfl-ssÿcyw F∂nh
sIm≠p-am-hs´ Hcp apkvenw Xs‚ kIe Ign-hp-I-fp-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v sNøp∂
k¿∆-tXm-ap-J-amb ka-c-amWv PnlmZv F∂v C_v\p-dpivZv \evInb \n¿h-
N\w {]kn-≤-amWv. A√m-lp-hn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ kIe i‡n-I-tfm-Sp-ap≈
172 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
ka-ca - m-WXv.
a\p-jy-hn-cp-≤hpw [¿a-hn-cp-≤h- p-amb bmsXmcp Imcy-Øn\pw Ckvemw
bp≤-a-\p-hZn-°p-∂n√. a\p-jys\ am{X-a√, ]£n-ar-Km-Zn-I-sfbpw kky-e-
Xm-Zn-I-sf-t∏mepw A\ym-b-ambn \in-∏n-°m-hp-∂-X√ F∂-XmWv Ckvem-
anI kao-]\w. Poh-cm-in-I-tfm-Sp≈ kao-]-\-sØ-°p-dn®v Ckvemw ]d-
™Xv:
""`qan-bn¬ \S-°p∂ GXv arK-sØbpw hmbp-hn¬ ]d-°p∂ GXv ]d-
h-sbbpw t\m°p-hn≥˛Ah-sbm-s°bpw \nß-sf-t∏m-ep≈ h¿K-߃
Xs∂-bm-Ip∂p. \mw Ah-cpsS hn[n{]am-W-Øn¬ Hcp hogvNbpw hcp-Øn-
bn-´n√.'' (6: 38)
""Bsc-¶nepw Hcp aoh¬ ]£nsb, As√-¶n¬ AXn-s\-°mƒ A{]-
[m-\-amb ]d-hsb AIm-c-W-ambn sIm∂m¬ ssZh-Øn\p apºn¬ Ah≥
B lXy°v adp-]Sn ]d-tb-≠n-hcpw.''
a\p-jy-h¿K-Øns‚ kpc-£n-Xhpw t£a-]q¿h-I-hp-amb \ne-\n-ev]n-
\p-th-≠n-bmWv PnlmZv \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv. a\p-jy-h¿KtØm-Sp≈ ]c-a-
amb kvt\l-amWv Pnlm-Zns‚ Poh≥. tcmK-hn-ap-‡n-°mbn `nj-Kz-c≥
tcmKn-bn¬ \S-Øp∂ ikv{X-{In-b-tbm-SmWv ]e Zm¿i-\n-I≥amcpw Pnlm-
Zns\ kam-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≈Xv.
ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v hyXn-N-en® A{I-an-I-fmb apkvenw-Iƒs°-
Xnsct∏mepw th≠n-h-∂m¬ bp≤w sNø-W-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥ A\p-im-kn-
°p-∂p≠v.
""kXy-hn-izm-kn-I-fn¬\n-∂p≈ c≠p I£n-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw Ie-ln-
°m-\n-S-bm-bm¬ Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ A\p-c-RvP-\-ap-≠m°phn≥, ]ns∂ Ah-
cn-semcp hn`mKw adp-hn-`m-K-tØmSv A{Iaw Im´p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ AXn-{Iaw
sNøp-∂-h-tcmSv ]S-sh-´p-hn≥, Ah¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ hn[n-bn-te°v hcp-∂-
X-ph-sc. Aßs\ Xncn-®p-h-∂m¬ Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ \oXn-]q¿hw A\p-c-RvP-
\-ap-≠m-°p-hn≥.'' (49: 9,10)
hnizmk kzmX-{¥y-Øn-\p-th-≠nbpw Bcm-[\m kzmX-{¥y-Øn-\mbpw
sNøp∂ kacw D¬Ir-jvS-am-sW∂v Ckvemw tLmjn-°p∂p.
""Hm, kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf, ^nXv\ Ah-ti-jn-°m-Xm-hp-∂-Xp-h-scbpw
hnt[-bXzw kºq¿W-ambn A√m-lp-hn-\m-Øo-cp-∂-Xp-h-scbpw Cu [n°m-
cn-I-tfmSv kacw sNøpI.'' (8: 39)
a¿Z\w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂Xpw a\p-jy≥ a\p-jys\ ASn-a-bm°n
sh°m-Xn-cn-°p-∂X - n-∂p-ambn bp≤w sNøm≥ Jp¿-B≥ Blzm\w sNøp∂p.
""B¿ ssZhnI kc-Wn-bn¬ ka-cw-sN-øp-Ibpw AXp-hgn h[n-°-s∏-
Sp-Itbm hnP-bn-°p-Itbm sNøp-Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm Ah∂v \mw AXn-
a-l-Ømb {]Xn-^ew \evIp-∂-Xm-Ip∂p. ]oUn-Xcpw ASn-®-a¿Ø-s∏-´-h-
cp-amb kv{Xo˛]pcp-j≥am¿°pw Ip´n-Iƒ°pwth≠n \n߃ A√m-lp-
hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøm-Xn-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v F¥p≠v \ymbw? B
P\tam {]m¿Yn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p˛\mYm, a¿Z-I-cmb \nhm-kn-I-fpsS
Cu ]´-W-Øn¬\n∂v Rßsf \o tamNn-∏n-t°-Wta! \ns‚ ]°¬\n∂v
R߃°v Hcp c£-Is\ \n›-bn®pXtc-Wta! \o R߃°v Hcp
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√ 173
klmbnsbbpw \n›-bn®p Xtc-Wta? hnizm-k-Øns‚ am¿Kw kzoI-cn-
®-h¿ A√m-lp-hns‚ am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøp∂p. \ntj-[-Øns‚ am¿Kw
ssIs°m-≠-htcm XmKq-Øns‚ am¿K-Ønepw kacw sNøp∂p. AXn-
\m¬, \n߃ ]nim-Nns‚ an{X-ß-tfmSv kacw sNøp-hn≥. Adn-™n-cn-°p-
hn≥, ]nim-Nns‚ X{¥w AXoh Zq¿_-e-am-Ip∂p.'' (4:75)
""Hcp Znh-k-sa-¶nepw Ckvem-ans‚ AXn¿Øn kwc-£n-°p-I-sb-∂Xv
kakvX temI-sØ-°mfpw AXnse kIeam\- hn-`-h-ß-sf-°mfpw DØ-
a-am-Ip∂p.''
""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ ka-c-Øn\v ]pd-s∏-Sp-I-hgn s]mSn-]p-c≠ ]mZ-
ßsf Hcn-°epw \c-Im·n kv]¿in-°p-I-bn√.''
Pnlm-Z-\p-jvTn-°p-∂-hsc klm-bn-°p-∂-h¿t]mepw Pnlm-Zn¬ ]¶m-
fn-I-fm-sW∂v {]hm-N-I-\-dn-bn-®n-´p≠v.
""as‰m-cmsf ssZh am¿K-Øn¬ s]mcp-Xm-\mbn Bbp[w \evIn
klm-bn-°p-∂-h-\mWv hnPbn. Ah≥ {]Xn-^-e-Øn¬ ]¶p-Im-c-\p-amWv.
Hcp ssk\n-Is‚ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kwc-£Ww Gs‰-Sp-°p-∂-Xn-∂mbn \m
´n¬ \nev°p-∂h - ≥ cWm-¶W - Ø- n¬ t]mcm-Sp-∂h- s
- \-t∏mseXs∂-bmWv.''
Xs‚ A\p-N-c≥am-cpsS Imen-S-dm-Xn-cn-°m\pw kXy-]-Y-Øn¬ apt∂-
dm≥ Ahsc i‡-cm-°m\pw Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏-Sm-\n-S-bp≈ P∑-Zu-Xy-ß-sf-
°p-dn-®-\p-kva-cn-∏n°m\pw {]hm-N-I≥ Bh¿Øn-®m-h¿Øn-®m-lzm\w
sNbvXn-´p≠v.
ssZhw tkmt±-iy-amWv a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®n-´p-≈Xv. Ah∂v am{Xw
km[n-°m-hp∂ Hcp-]mSv ZuXy-߃ ssZhw Ahs\ Gev]n-®n-´p≠v. Ah,
Ahs‚ Pohn-X-[¿a-ß-fmWv. PohnX ]q¿W-Xbv°v [¿a-\n¿h-lWw
A\pt]-£-Wo-bhpw. A\o-Xn°pw A[¿a-Øn\pw A]q¿W-X-bv°p-sa-Xn-
sc-bp≈ km¿Y-I-amb t]mcm´w hgn Ah≥ ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ apt∂m´p
t]mIp∂p.
""ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ kacw sNøm-sXbpw ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ kacw
sNøm≥ Xm≥ Xøm-dm-sW∂v kzbw a\- p-sIm-≠p-d-∏n-°m-sXbpw acn-°p-
∂-h≥ I]S hnizm-kn-bm-bmWv acn-°p-∂Xv'' F∂v {]hm-N-I≥ {]kvXm-hn-
®n-´p≠v.
""ssZh-am¿K--Ønse bp≤hpw AXn-∂m-bp≈ D¬°-S-amb A`n-em-
jhpw ssZh-Øn-∂m-bp≈ D]m-k-\-I-fmWv. \nß-fpsS t\Xmhv ssZh-
am¿K-Øn¬ t]mcm-Sm≥ \nß-tfm-Sm-h-iy-s∏-´m¬ At±-l-sØ-b-\p-k-cn-
°pI... ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬ apdn-th-‰-h-cpsS apdnhv A¥y-Zn-\-Øn¬ sXfn-hm-
bn-cn°pw. Ah-bn¬\n∂v c‡w In\nbpw. ]t£, B c‡-Øns‚ aWw
IkvXq-cn-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cn°pw.''
hnip-≤n-bpsS h¿W-tc-Wp-°f - W
- n-™p-\n-ev°p∂ XmZr-iß
- f
- mb ]c-
»Xw lZo-kp-I-fp≠v. Ah-sb√mw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bnse Pnlm-Zns‚
k¿hm-Xn-im-bnXzw hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p∂p. F∂n´pw a‰v aX-hn-`m-K-ß-fp-ambn
bp≤w sNø-emWv Pnlm-sZ∂pw Zo\ns‚ {]Nm-c-W-Øn\pw hym]-\-Øn-\p-
ap≈ bp≤-am-W-sX∂pw Nne¿ Icp-Xn-t∏m-cp∂p. hmfp-sIm-≠mWv
CkvemwaXw hniz-hn-JymXn t\Sn-b-sX∂ Btcm-]-W-hp-ap≠v. ""Zo\n¬
174 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
\n¿_‘w sNep-Øm-hp-∂-X√˛t\cmb am¿Kw hgn-tI-Sn¬\n∂v Dcp-Øn-
cn™p \nev°p∂p.'' F∂ Jp¿-B≥ hN\w Nne-sc-¶nepw kt_m[w
hnkva-cn-°p-I-bm-Wn-hnsS. aX-{]-Nm-c-W-Øn\v Ckvemw \n¿tZ-in-°p∂
am¿Kw {]t_m-[-\-amWv, {]t_m-[\w am{Xw.
km¿h euInI kvt\lhpw kmtlm-Z-cy-hp-amWv Ckvemw kwkvIr-
Xn-bpsS apJ-ap{Z. Hcm-Wn¬\n∂pw s]Æn¬\n∂pw ]nd-∂h - s- c∂ \ne-bn¬
F√m a\p-jycpw ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cm-sW∂v Ckvemw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p∂p.
hnhn[ kap-Zm-b-ß-fn-te°v ssZh-a-b® {]hm-N-I≥am¿ km¿h-eu-InI
kvt\l-Øn-s‚bpw hniz kmtlm-Z-cy-Øn-s‚bpw ktµ-i-amWv {]N-cn-∏n-
®n-´p-≈Xv. Cßs\ \ntbm-Kn-°-s∏´ {]hm-N-I≥am¿°n-S-bn¬ hyXymkw
Iev]n-°p-∂-h¿ kXy-\n-tj-[n-I-fm-sW∂v Jp¿-B≥ JWvUn-X-ambn ]d-
bp∂p. At∏mƒ Ckvemw Fßs\ Ak-ln-jvWpXm {]h-Whpw A{I-a-
tWm-’p-I-hp-amIpw?
Hcp aX-Z¿i-\sØ hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂Xv AXns‚ ASn-ÿm\ Z¿i-\-
ßsf Ah-ew-_a - m-°n-bm-hWw. ASn-ÿm\ Z¿i-\ß - t- fmSv BZ-chv kq£n-
®p-sIm-≠p-thWw {]tbm-K-cw-KsØ sshI-ey-ß-sfbpw sshIr-X-ß-
sfbpw hne-bn-cp-Øm≥. hnizm-kn-bpsS at\m-am-en-\y-߃ BZ¿i-Øns‚
s]men-abpw Kcn-abpw Ipdbv°pw. {]tbmKcwKØv C∂v A`n-Z¿in-°-s∏-
Sp-∂-XmWv bYm¿Y CkvemwZ¿i-\-sa∂ \ne-bn¬ hne-bn-cp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂Xv
\oXo-I-cn-°-Ø-°-X√. BZ¿i-Øns‚ Hu¬IrjvSyw BN-c-W-cw-KØv
ImWp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ AXv {]tbm-K-cw-KsØ ]ng-hm-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m\pw
]d-bm-\p-ap≈ kXy-Zo-£bpw B¿P-hhpw \ap-°p-≠m-hWw. "ap√-am¿ ]d-
bp-∂Xv am{X-a√ Ckvemw' F∂p \mw a\- n-em-°Ww.
B[p-\nI ImeØv Ckvem-ans‚ t]cn¬ \S∂ bp≤-ß-f-Jn-ehpw
apkvenw cmPm-°≥am-cpsS km{am-Py-tam-l-Øn-s‚bpw kzm¿Y-P-Sn-e-amb
\n£n]vX Xm¬]-cy-ß-fp-sSbpw ^e-am-bn-cp∂p. apkvenw cmPm-°≥am¿
am{X-a√, a‰v kap-Zm-bß-fn¬s]´ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw Imem-Im-e-ß-fn¬
A\p-h¿Øn-®p-t]m-∂Xpw CtX {]h-WXXs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p. a[y-Im-e-L-´-
Øn¬ C¥y-sb-bm-{I-an-s®-Ønb apkvenw cmPm-°≥am¿ Aap-kvenw-I-
fmb sNdn-b-sN-dnb cmPm-°≥amsc h√msX ]oUn-∏n-°p-Ibpw sIms∂m-
Sp-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ AXns‚ "Bbhyb'-ß-sfms° Ckvemw
aX-Øns‚ IW-°n-e√ tN¿t°-≠Xv. C¥ysb sh´n-°odn ]m°n-ÿm≥
cq]w sImSp-ØXv Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS Ak-ln-jvWp-Xbv°pw `n∂-
k-ap-Zm-bß
- f- p-ambn HØp-Ig- n-bm-\p≈ lrZ-bk
- w-hr-[n-bpsS \n»q-\y-Xbv°pw
\nZ¿i-\-am-bn-°m-Wp-∂Xv _men-ihpw Akw-_-‘-hp-amWv.
hoc-iqc ]cm-{I-a-߃ ImWn-°p-I-sb-∂Xpw sh´n-∏n-Sn®v A[r-jyX
Im´p-∂Xpw ]gb ImesØ Hs´√m cmPm-°-∑m-cp-sSbpw s]mXp {]Ir-X-
am-bn-cp∂p. aX-t`Zw Ahn-sS-sbmcp \nbm-aI LS-I-am-bn-cp-∂n√. hnP-b-Z-
ian Ign-™m¬ Bbp-[-sa-SpØv Ab¬ cmPm-°≥am-cp-am-bn-t∏mepw ]S-
sh´n tNmc-®m-ep-≠m-°nbpw c≠v \mev I_-‘ß - s- f-sb-¶nepw krjvSn®pw
hm¿jn-ssI-iz-cy-Øns‚ DZvLm-S\w \n¿h-ln-°-W-sa∂ ZrV-{h-X-ap≈
lnµp-cm-Pm-°≥am-cn-hn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Ah-cp-≠m-°nb tNmc-°d k\m-
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√ 175
X\ [¿a-Øns‚ Xn-cp-ap-JØv hmcn-tØ-°p-∂Xv hnth-I-a√. apkvenw cmPm-
°≥amcpw lnµp-cm-Pm-°≥amcpw XΩn¬ \S-∂-Xn-s\°mƒ IqSp-X¬ bp≤-
߃ ChnsS \S-∂Xv lnµp-cm-Pm-°≥am¿ XΩn-em-bn-cp∂p. AXp-t]mse
apkvenw cmPm-°≥am¿ XΩn-em-bn-cp∂p Aapkvenw cmPm-°≥am-cp-ambn
\S-∂-Xn-s\°mƒ IqSp-X¬ kwL-´-\-ß-fp-≠m-bXv. C∂vt]mepw km¿h-
tZ-io-b-cw-KØv ]e Ckvem-anI cmjv{S-ßfpw ]c-kv]cw {]I-Sn-∏n-®p-t]m-
cp∂ cm£-ko-b-amb i{XpX \sΩ hnkva-bn-∏n-°p∂p! t£{X-߃
t]mepw sIm≈-b-Sn®v s]m∂pw ]Whpw hmcn-°q-´-W-sa∂v Iev]n-®-b®Xv
Ip{]-kn-≤-\mb apl-ΩZv Kkv\n-bm-sW-¶n¬ sIm≈-b-Sn°v t\XrXzw
sImSp-ØXv ssk\nI ta[m-hnbpw lnµp-hn-izm-kn-bp-amb P\-d¬ Xne-Im-
bn-cp∂p F∂ hkvXpX \mtam¿°p∂p. bYm¿Y-Øn¬ Chn-sS-sbm∂pw
aXw Hcp kzm[o-\-i-‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂n√. apkvenw cmPm-°≥am¿ _e{]tbm-
Kw-hgn ]c-»-X-ßsf am∏n-f-am-cm-°n-sb∂ ]cm-a¿i-ap≈ \nc-h[n Ncn-{X-{K-
Ÿ-ß-fp≠v. B {]Nm-cWw ]q¿W-ambpw kXy-a√. tkz—m-[n-]-Xy-Ønepw
Zp -l-amb A\o-Xn-bnepw A[n-jvTn-X-amb {_m“W ta[m-hn-Xz-Øn-ep≈
A∂sØ kmaq-lnIm¥-co-£-amWv aX∏cn-h¿Ø-\-Øn\v Nne lnµp
hnizm-kn-Isf t{]cn-∏n-®-sX∂v s{]m^-k¿ ]mWvU-sb-t∏m-ep≈ Ncn-{X-
K-th-j-I≥am¿ Nq≠n-°m-´n-bn-´p≠v. Awt_-ZvIdpw c≠p-e-£hpw lnµp-
aXw hn´p-t]m-bXv kh¿Wm-[n-]-Xy-Øns‚ ]oU-\-߃ Zp l-am-bn-
Øo¿∂-t∏m-gm-sW∂ hkvXpX s{]m. ]mWvsU-bpsS {]kvXm-h\ ZrV-X-
c-am-°n-Øo¿°p∂p. lnµp-°-sfbpw apkvenw-I-sfbpw ]c-kv]-c-a-I-‰m\pw
Ah-cn¬ hntZzjw hf¿Øm\pw {_n´o-jp-Im¿ \S-Ønb KqVm-tem-N\-
bpsS {]Xym-Lm-X-amWv Ccp-k-ap-Zm-b-߃°p-an-S-bn¬ \ne-\n¬°p-∂-
sX‰n-≤m-c-Wbv°v aqe-Im-c-W-sa∂v tUm. ]n.Fkv. Aø¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-
bXv {it≤-b-amWv. aX-Z¿i-\-ß-fpsS AI-°m-º-dn-bp-tºmƒ A{I-an-°m-
s\mcp aXw ChnsS ]nd-∂n-´n-s√∂v A\m-bmkw t_m[y-amIpw. ap≥hn-[n-
Ifpw A_≤ [mc-W-I-fp-a√, kXy-ip-≤-amb kq£va-t_m-[-amWv \sΩ
\bn-t°-≠Xv.
aX-ku-lm¿Zhpw kln-jvWp-Xbpw ]qØp-e™p \n∂Ime-am-bn-
cp∂p apkvenw-cm-Pm-°≥am¿ `cWw \n¿h-ln® a[y-Im-e-L´w. ssZh-
Øns‚ GIXzw, kvt\lw, kmtlm-Zcyw F∂n-h-bpsS ktµi hml-I-
cmbn lnµp k\ym-kn-amcpw kq^n-h-cy≥amcpw ssItIm¿Øp\n∂ Ime-
L-´-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. B a[y-Im-e-L-´-Ønse bYm¿Y Ncn-{X-t_m-[-w-hgn
kXy-ip-≤-amb hkvXp-X-Iƒ shfn°v sIm≠p-h-cm-\p≈ ]hn-{X-amb
_m[yX Ncn-{X-Imc≥am¿°p≠v. AXv aX-ku-lm¿Z-Øns‚ A¥-co£w
]p\x- ÿ m- ] n- ° m≥ klm- b n°pw. B Ime- L - ´ sØ Nq≠n- b mWv
lnµp˛apkvenw sshcw Bfn-°-Øn-°m≥ ChnsS cmjv{So-b-°mcpw {Iucy
{]Ir-Xn-I-fmb Nne _p≤n-Po-hn-Ifpw {ian-°p-∂Xv. kXy-a-dn-bm≥ a[y-Im-
e-L-´sØ ]p\x-J-\\w sNøWw. Ckvem-anI kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS ASn-
ÿm\ {KŸ-ß-fnse kph¿Wm-i-b-߃ A\m-h-cWw sNøm\pw ChnsS
hym]I-amb {ia-am-cw-`n-°Ww.
176 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
29
kln-jvWp-X-bpsS kXy-thZw
P \m-[n-]-Xy-`-c-W-hy-h-ÿn-Xn-bnse `c-W-I-£n-bp-sSbpw {]Xn-]-£-Øn-
s‚bpw ÿm\-amWv Ckvem-anI `c-W-Øn¬ apkvenw-Iƒ°pw a‰p aX-hn-
`m-K-߃°pw D≠m-bn-cn-°pI F∂v [cn-°-cpXv. apkvenw cmjv{S-Øn¬
Aap-kvenw-Iƒ {]Xn-]£w F∂ t]cn-e√ ZnΩn-Iƒ F∂ t]cn-emWv Adn-
b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. (ZnΩn-Iƒ=kwc-£n-X-hn-`mKw) {]hm-N-I-s‚bpw A_q-_-°-
dp-sSbpw Da-dn-s‚-bp-sams° Imew {i≤n-°p-tºmƒ "\n[n-t]mse ImØp-
kq-£n-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp hn`mKw' F∂v Ckvem-anI `c-W-Ønse Aap-kven-
wIsf-∏-‰n-∏-dbmw. apkvenw-Iƒ A[n-Imcw ssIbm-fp∂ I£n-bm-bn-´√,
{]Pm-]m-e\ - s
- a∂ DØ-ch - m-ZnØw hln® hn`m-Ka
- m-bn-´mWv AhnsS h¿Øn-
®Xv.
X-߃ Ah-Im-i-sam-∂p-an-√mØ, A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS HuZm-cyw-sIm≠v
e`n-°p-∂Xv A\p-`-hn-°m≥ am{Xw hn[n-°-s∏´ hn`m-K-am-sW∂ ]n≥\n-c-
°m-cpsS am\-kn-Im-hÿ ZnΩn-Iƒ°n√. aX-]-c-amb Xß-fpsS `n∂-hn-
izmkw A`wKw kq£n-°p-hm\pw BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\-߃ kzX-{¥-ambn
\n¿h-ln-°p-hm-\p-ap≈ ]ucm-h-Imiw kXy-thZw Ah¿°-\p-h-Zn-®n-´p≠v.
"F\n°v Fs‚ aXw, \n߃°v \nß-fpsS aXw' F∂-dn-bn-®p-sIm≠v aX-
]-c-amb kl-h¿Ø-\-Øn\v klm-b-I-amb A¥-co-£-a-hnsS k÷-am-°n-
bn-´p≠v.
kln-jvWp-X-bpsS kwkvIr-Xn-bmWv Ckvemw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂Xv.
aZo-\-bn-emWv Ckvem-ans‚ kzm[o\w kmaq-lnI-cw-KØv BZy-ambn Ah-
Xo¿Wam-bXv. apkvenw-Ifpw PqXcpw ss{IkvX-hcpw _lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-
kn-Ifpw \nd™ aZo-\-bpsS kmaq-lnI-cw-KØv ]c-kv]-c-hn-izm-khpw
kulm¿Zhpw kam-[m-\hpw ÿm]n-°p-hm-\mWv {]hm-N-I≥ BZy-ambn
{ian-®Xv. Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn XΩn¬ X√nbpw Ie-ln®pw Ign™ kap-Zm-b-
߃°n-S-bn¬ sFIyw hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m\pw {]hm-N-I\v km[n®p. kXy-
th-Z-Øns‚ ]pXnb ktµ-i-hp-ambn aZo-\-bn-se-Ønb {]hm-N-I≥ BZy-am-
bn-s®-bvXXv hyh-ÿm-]n-X-amb Hcp kmaq-lnI-{Iaw Nn´-s∏-Sp-Øm≥t]m-
cp∂ Hcp kulrZ DS-ºSn cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. AXn-s\mcp `c-W-
L-S-\-bpsS `{Z-Xbpw inev]-Nm-cp-X-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Xßsf Bi-¶-
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√ 177
tbmSpw Ahn-izm-k-tØm-Spw-IqSn t\m°n-°m-Wp-∂-h-cpsS ktµ-l-\n-hr-
Øn-°p-X-Ipw-hn[w sXfn-hp-‰-Xm-bn-cp∂p AXnse \n¿tZ-i-ßfpw ]cm-a¿i-
ß-fp-sa√mw. \mev]-tØgv Jfin-I-I-fp≈ Hcp _rl-Xvtc-J-bm-bn-cp∂p
AXv. AX-\p-k-cn®v:
apkvenw-Ifpw aZo-\-bn-ep≈ {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ, blq-Z¿ XpS-ßnb CX-
c -a-X-ÿcpw Hscm‰ P\-X-bmbn A\p-c-RvP-\-tØmsS Ignbpw.
Htcm hn`m-Khpw Xß-fpsS hnizm-km-Z¿i-߃ ]cn-c-£n-°p-Ibpw
a‰p-≈-h-cp-tS-Xn¬ CS-s]-Sm-Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. i{Xp-hns‚ B{I-
a-W-Øn-s∂-Xnsc GXv hn`m-K-sØbpw a‰v hn`m-K-߃ Iq´mbn
klm-bn°pw.
bp≤-k-µ¿`-ß-fnepw kam-[m-\-Im-e-ß-fnepw ]c-kv]cw IqSn-bm-tem-
Nn°pw.
aZo-\-bpsS kwc-£Ww F√m-h-cp-sSbpw DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-am-bn-°-W-
°m°pw.
aZo-\-bpsS aÆn¬ Bcpw c‡-sam-gp-°pI-bn√.
A\o-Xnbpw A{I-ahpw B¿ \S-Øn-bmepw apkvenwIƒ AXn-s\-sb-
Xn¿°pw; {]Xn-tbmKn kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bm¬t∏mepw.
h√ X¿°-hp-ap-≠m-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXv apl-ΩZv \_n-bpsS Xocp-
am-\-Øn-∂mbn ka¿∏n°pw.
(CXp-t]mse kln-jvWp-Xbpw kua-\-kyhpw h¿Ww sImSpØ
Hcp `c-W-L-S-\m-inev]w temI-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ Hc-]q¿h-X-bm-sW∂v hneyw-
aq¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v.) aX-kzm-X-{¥yhpw kam-[m-\-]q¿W--amb kl-
h¿Øn-Xzhpw Dd-∏p-h-cp-Øp∂ Cu `c-W-L-S\ Jp¿-B-\nI kwkvIr-Xn-
bpsS kap-∂X - n-sb t- Lm-jn-°p∂p. sshhn-[y-am¿∂ hnizm-kß
- fpw BNm-
c-ßfpw kwc-£n-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ GI-in-em-J-fiw-t]mse Icp-Øp‰
Hcp cmjv{S-ambn, s^U-d¬ tÉmbn Hcn-kvem-anI cmjv{S-Øn\v Pohn-°m≥
Ign-bp-sa∂v {]hm-N-I≥ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Hmtcm hyXy-kvX-
hn-`m-K-Øn\pw Ah-cpsS hnNm-c-hn-izm-k-߃°-\p-kr-X-ambn Pohn-°m-
sa∂pw cmjv{S-Øns‚ {]Xn-tcm[w XpS-ßnb hnj-b-߃ Iq´p-Ø-c-hm-Zn-
Øz-Øn¬s∏-Sp-∂-h-bm-sW∂pw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-I-bm-Wn-hnsS. aZo-\-bnse
F√m P\-hn-`m-K-ßfpw ]pXnb `c-W-L-S-\sb lrZ-b-]q¿hw kzmKXw
sNbvXp. hf-sc-°m-e-tØmfw B `c-W-L-S\ A£-cm¿Y-Øn¬Xs∂
{]tbm-K-Øn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ka-\zb kwkvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw kln-jvWp-X-
bp-sSbpw \nZ¿i-\-ambn h¿Øn® aZo-\-bnse `c-W-L-S-\sb hne-bn-cp-Øn-
s°m≠v Ncn-{X-]-fin-X-\mb hneyw-aq¿ Cßs\ XpS¿∂p:
""temI-Øn\v apsºm-cn-°epw ]cn-N-b-an-√m-Ø-X-c-Øn-ep-≈ Hcp aX-
k-ln-jvWp-X-bmWv At±lw ({]hm-N-I≥) {]N-cn-∏n-®Xv. a\p-jy-a-X-
Øn¬ kln-jvWpX Hcm-h-iy-am-sW-¶n¬ BZ¿i-{]-hm-N-I-s\∂
]Z-hn-°p≈ apl-Ω-Zns‚ Ah-Im-i-Øn\v CXv i‡-amb Hcp \oXo-
I-cW- a- mWv.''
Akm-[m-cW hy‡nXzw ]pe¿Øn-t∏m∂ Aapkvenw {]Xn-`-Isf
Is≠Øn `c-W-cw-KØv ]e ]Z-hn-I-fnepw Ahsc Ah-tcm-[n-®-Xmbn
178 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Io¿Øn-°p∂ Ncn-{X-tc-J-I-fp≠v. Jeo-^-am-cpsS ImeØv Aapkvenw
hn`m-K-Øn¬s∏´ Nnesc a{¥n-am-cmbn \nb-an-®n-cp∂p. `c-W-]-c-amb, Kuc-
h-an-b∂ ]e Npa-X-e-Ifpw Ahsc `c-ta-ev]n-®n-cp∂p. lnPvd A©m-am-
≠n¬ A_vko-\n-b-bn¬ A`bw {]m]n® apkvenw-Isf Xncn-®-b-°m-\m-h-
iy-s∏-´p-sIm≠v a°-bn¬\n∂v Jpssd-in-I-fpsS Hcp \nth-Z-I-kwLw
t]mbn-cp∂p. Ch-cpsS hmZ-ap-J-ßsf t\cn´v, N{I-h¿Ønsb kXyw
t_m[n-∏n-°m≥ \_n Hcp ZqXs\ Ab®p. A_vko-\n-b-bpsS {]m¥-{]-
tZ-iØv Ign-bp∂ Awdp_v\p Daø F∂ Aapkvenw Bbn-cp∂p B ZqX≥.
bp≤-X-{¥-ß-sf-°p-dn-®m-tem-Nn-°p∂ hnZ-Kv[-k-an-Xn-I-fn¬ A apkvenw
{]Xn-`-Iƒ°v AwKXzw \evIn-bn-cp∂p. Hcp s\kvtXm-dn-b≥ _nj∏v Hcn-
°¬ Xs‚-sbmcp kplr-Øn-∂-b® IØn¬ Cß-s\-sb-gpXn:
""CuXz-øp-Im¿ (Ad-_n-Iƒ)°v ssZhw C°m-eØv \Ωp-sS-ta¬
B[n-]Xyw \evIp-Ibpw Ah¿ \ΩpsS bP-am-\-∑m-cm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-°p∂p. F∂m¬, Ah¿ {InkvXp-a-XsØ FXn¿°p-Itb sNøp-
-∂n√. adn®v \ΩpsS hnizmkw kwc-£n-°p-Ibpw \ΩpsS ]ptcm-ln-X-∑m-
scbpw ]pWy-hm-f-∑m-scbpw BZ-cn-°p-Ibpw IqSn sNøp∂p. \ΩpsS ]≈n-
Iƒ°pw tIm¨sh‚p-Iƒ°pw Ah¿ kw`m-h\ \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp∂p.''
(tUm. lao-Zp√ D≤-cn-®Xv).
Ckvem-an-I-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ kph¿Wm-£-c-ß-fn¬ Pzen-°p∂ Nne ]cm-
a¿i-ß-fp≠v. AXn-sem∂v Da-dp_v\p A–n¬ Ako-kns‚ Hcp hnfw-_-
c-amWv.
""ZnΩn-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ {]tXyIw {i≤n-°p-Ibpw Ah-tcmSv kuay-
ambn s]cp-am-dp-Ibpw sNøp-hn≥. Ah-cn-em¿s°-¶nepw hm¿[Iyw _m[n-
°p-Itbm Pohn-X-am¿Kw ap´n-t∏m-hp-Itbm sNbvXm¬ Ah¿°p-th≠n
sNe-hp-sN-tø-≠Xv \nß-fmWv. Ah-tcmSv _m[y-X-bp≈ ktlm-Z-c-\p-
s≠-¶n¬ Ah-tcmSv sNehv sNøm-\m-h-iy-s∏-SpI. Ah∂v Bsc-¶nepw
h√ \jvShpw hcp-Øp-∂X - m-bm¬ AXn∂v X° {]Xn-Im-c\ - S- ]- Sn ssIs°m-
≈pI.''
apl-ΩZv \_n Nc-a-i-ø-bn¬ InS-∂p-sIm≠v Cßs\ ]d™p:
""Aapkvenw {]P-Iƒ°v Rm≥ \evIn-bn-´p≈ kwc-£Ww kq£va-
ambn \ne-\n¿ØpI.''
""Aapkvenw {]P-Isf Bsc-¶nepw D]-{Z-hn-®m¬ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Zn-h-k-
Øn¬ Rm≥ Abm-fpsS `mK-Øp-\n-∂vsIm≠p hmZn-°p-∂Xv ImWm-hp-∂-
XmWv.'' (A_q-Zm-hqZv)
Zam-kv°  - nse ]≈n hn]p-eo-Ic
- n-°m≥ kao-]Ø - p≈ Hcp {InkvXy≥
]≈n-s]m-fn®v AXn-t\m-sSm∏w tN¿Øn-cp∂p. Da-dp_v\p A–n¬ Akokv
C°m-cy-a-dn™v B `mKw s]mfn-®p-am‰n N¿®v ]p\x-ÿm-]n-°m≥ Iev]-\-
bn´p. kXy-hn-izm-kn-bmb Jeo-^-bpsS lrZ-b-hn-im-e-X-bn¬ BIr-jvS-
cmb {InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Aßs\ ths≠∂v ]d™v ]n≥am-dp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-
bXv.
aX-]c- n-h¿Ø\w sNøn-°p-∂h - ¿ aX-t_m-[a
- n-√m-Øh- c- m-sW∂v sXfn-
®p-]-d-bm≥ Ckvemw aSn-°p-∂n√. "Zo\n¬ \n¿_-‘-an√' F∂ hcn„
Ckvemw A{I-a-tWm-’p-I-a√ 179
hN\w aX-kw-kvIr-Xn-bpsS aln-X-i-–-amWv. \n¿_-‘n®v aXw am‰¬
Ckvemw km[q-I-cn-°p-∂n√. aX-{]-t_m-[\w am{X-amWv Hcp kXy-hn-izm-
kn-bpsS ZuXyw.
""\o DW¿ØpI; \o DW¿Øp-∂-h≥ am{X-amWv. \o Ah-cp-sS-ta¬
A[n-Im-c-ÿ-\√'' (88:21)
""ssZh-Zq-X≥ hy‡-amb {]t_m-[-\-a-√msX _m[y-X-bn√.'' (5:99,
24:54, 29:18)
""Ah¿ ]n¥n-cn-™p-I-f-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, \n\°v hy‡-amb {]t_m-
[\w am{X-amWv _m[yX.'' (16:82)
""C\n Ah¿ Ah-K-Wn-®p-am-dn-°-f-bp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬, \ns∂ \mw Ah-
cpsS Imhev°m-c\ - m-°n-bn-´n√ (F∂p a\- n-em-°n-s°m-≈pI.) \ns‚
_m[yX {]t_m-[\w am{X-amWv.'' (42:48)
""_lp-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-I-fn-em-sc-¶nepw \nt∂m-S-`bw tXSn-bm¬ Ah-
∂-`bw \evIpI. Aß-s\-b-h≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ hN\w tIƒ°p-am-
dm-Is´. ]n∂o-S-hs\ Ahs‚ kpc-£n-X-ÿm-\-sØ-Øn-®p-sIm-Sp-
°pI. Ah¿ Adn-™p-Iq-SmØ P\-ß-fm-b-Xp-sIm-≠m-WXv.'' (9:6)
""aX-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ bmsXmcp \n¿_-‘hpw ]mSn√. k∑m¿Kw
Zp¿Ωm¿KØn¬\n∂pw hy‡-ambn th¿Xn-cn-™n-´p≠v. AXp-sIm≠v
B¿ ]nim-Nn¬ Ahn-iz-kn-°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-hn¬ hniz-kn-°p-
Ibpw sNøp-∂pthm Ah≥ \n›-b-ambpw i‡-amb ]nSn-°-b¿ ]nSn-
®n-cn-°p∂p.'' (2:256)
{]hm-N-I≥ ss{IkvX-h-cp-am-bp-≠m-°nb k‘n-ku-lrZw AXy¥w
«mL-\o-b-am-sW∂v k¿ tXmakv B¿tWmƒUv {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≠v:
""aX-hn-izmkw cmjv{Sob Xm¬]-cy-Øn¬\n∂v hnap-‡-am-b-t∏mƒ
hy‡n-]-c-amb hnizm-ksØ ssItb‰w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂-I∂p\n∂
G‰hpw DZm-c-amb aXw Ckvem-am-bn-cp∂p F∂v ImWmw. cmjv{S-Øns‚
`{ZX `oj-Wn°v hnt[-b-am-b-t∏mƒ Ckvem-an-I-`-c-W-Iq-S-߃ aX-]-c-amb
GIo-I-c-W-Øn\v F√m am¿K--ßfpw kzoI-cn-°m≥ t{]cn-X-ambn,
At∏mƒt∏mepw Ckvem-anI aqey-ß-fn¬\n∂v Dbn¿s°m≠ DZm-c-X-
bpsS Cu XØzw AXns‚ ]c-a-Im-jvT-bn¬Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p. ]oU-\-Øn-
s‚bpw _em¬°m-c-Øn-s‚bpw bmsXmcp emRvO-\bpw Fhn-sSbpw
\ap°v ImWm≥ Ign-bp-∂n√.'' (k¿ tXmakv B¿t\mƒUv.)
Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS {]hn-im-e-Xbv-°-IØv h¿K˛h¿W˛{]tZ-
i-hy-Xym-k-ß-fn√. PmXn aXm-Nmc hnizm-k-t`-Z-ß-fn√. BZn-]n-Xmhv
BZw˛]ns∂ ]c-º-c-I-fmbn. AXv A\p-kyqXw XpS-cp∂p. Hcp t{kmX-
 n¬ \n∂m-cw-`n® a\p-jy-{]-hmlw. AXnse Hmtcm Pe-I-Whpw ktlm-
Z-c¿. am\-h-km-tlm-Zcyw Hcp alm-kXyw. a\- ns‚ t_m[y-a-\p-k-cn®v
{]h¿Øn-°m-\p≈ kzmX{¥yw Ckvem-a-\p-h-Zn-°p-∂p≠v. `oj-Wnbpw
t{]c-Wbpw {]tem-`-\-hp-a√ kz¥w a\- ns‚ t_m[y-amWv ]caw. aX-{]-
Nm-c-I∂v \n¿_-‘n-°m-\-h-Im-i-an√; {]hm-N-I-\vt]mepw AXn-∂-[n-Im-c-
an√˛ ssZhw-t]mepw t_m[y-am-Wm-{K-ln-°p-∂Xv.
Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ Gsd sX‰n-≤-cn-°-s∏´ hnj-b-ß-fn-sem-
180 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
∂mWv Pnkvb. AXv Hcp-Xcw ]ng-bpsS ]cn-th-j-a-Wn™p \nev°p∂
]oU\m-fl-I-amb Hcp k{º-Zmbw F∂mWv Aap-kvenw-I-tf-sdbpw [cn-®n-
´p-≈Xv; AYhm Aß-s\-bm-W-hsc [cn-∏n-®n-´p-≈Xv. Pnkvb ChnsS
kzev]w hni-Zo-I-cWw A¿ln-°p∂p.
ssk\n-I-tk-h-\-Øns‚ Imcy-Øn¬ apkvenw-Iƒ°pw Aap-kvenw-
Iƒ°p-an-S-bn¬ Hcp hyXymkw Iev]n-°-s∏-´n-´p≠v. Ckvemw aX-Øn-s\-Xn-
cmbn bp≤w sNøp-∂-hsc apkvenw-Iƒ°v sNdp-t°-≠n-hcpw. At∏mƒ
Aap-kvenw-Iƒ°v apkvenw ]£Øp\n∂v bp≤w sNøp-∂-Xn¬ {]bm-k-ß-
fp-≠mIpw. Hcm-Z¿i-cm-jv{S-Øn¬ B BZ¿i-hp-ambn tbmPn-°m-Ø-h¿°v
ssk\n-It- k-h\w {]bm-kI - c
- a
- m-bn-cn°pw. AXv kzm`m-hnIw. AXp-sIm≠v
Aap-kvenw-Iƒ°v ssk\n-I-tk-h-\-Øn¬\n∂v Hgn-™p-\nev°m≥ A\p-
hmZw \evIn-bn-´p≠v. F∂m¬ AXn\v ]I-c-ambn Hcp Xe-h-cn- sIm-Sp-
°Ww˛AXmWv Pnkvb.
Pnkvb ssk\n-I-tk-h-\-Øn\v ]I-c-ambn am{X-a√, Ah-cp-sSbpw
\mSn-s‚bpw kwc-£Ww apkvenw-Iƒ Gs‰-Sp-Øn-´p-≈-Xn-\v Iq-Sn-bmWv.
ssk\y-Øn¬ tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-°p∂ Aap-kvenw-I-fn¬\n∂v Pnkvb CuSm-
°p-I-bn√. kwc-£Ww \evIm≥ apkvenw-Iƒ°v km[n-°mØ kµ¿`-ß-
fp-≠m-b-t∏mƒ, ]ncn® Pnkvb Xncn-®p-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xmbn Ncn-{X-tc-J-I-fp≠v.
cmjv{S-Øn\v KWy-amb tkh\w \evIn-b-h-scbpw hr≤¿, kv{XoIƒ, Ip´n-
Iƒ, Zp¿_-e¿, Zcn-{Z¿ XpS-ßn-b-h-scbpw Pnkvb-bn¬ \ns∂m-gn-hm-°n-bn-
´p≠v. Pnkvb H´pw `mcn-®-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂n√. \_n-bpsS ImeØv Hcm-fn¬\n∂v
]Øv Zn¿l-amWv hkq-em-°n-bn-cp-∂Xv. (]Øv Znh-ksØ sNe-hn\v th≠n-
h-cp-∂- XpI.)
apkvenw-Iƒ {]Xn-h¿jw kImØv sImSp-°Ww. Aßs\ Xß-fpsS
kºm-Zy-Øns‚ c≠-c-i-X-am\w JP-\m-hn-te°v \n¿_-‘-am-bn-Øs∂
AS-®n-cn-°Ww. Hcn-kvem-anI cmjv{S-Ønse \n¿±n-jvS -[¿a I¿a-ß-fpsS
\n¿h-l-W-Øn-∂mbn B \n[n {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. kaq-l-Øn-ep≈
kº-∂cpw A√m-Ø-hcpw XΩn-ep≈ A¥cw Hc-f-hn¬ Ipd-®p-sIm-≠p-h-
cp-hm\pw AXp-hgn kmº-ØnI k¥p-en-XXzw {]tbm-K-Øn¬h-cp-Øm\pw
AXv klm-bn-°p∂p. Ckvemwhnizm-kn-bpsS aX-]-c-amb kmº-Øn-I-_m-
[y-X-bmWv k°mØv.
Ckvemwhnizm-kn-I-f-√m-Ø-h-cn¬\n∂v k°mØv ]ncn-°p-∂Xv
ta¬°m-c-W-߃sIm-≠p-Xs∂ A\p-Nn-Xhpw A\-`n-e-j-Wo-b-hp-amWv.
AXv A\y-a-X-]o-U-\-ambn hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂ Imcy-Ønepw ktµ-l-
an√. AXn-\m¬ tÃ-‰nse kI-em-h-Im-i-ß-fp-a-\p-`-hn-°p∂ ]uc-∑m-sc-∂-
\n-e-bn¬ a‰v aX-hn-izm-kn-Ifpw tÉv JP-\m-hn-te°v Xß-fp-tS-Xmb
Fs¥-¶n-ep-samcp hnlnXw \evI-W-sa-∂Xv ]ucs‚ _m[y-X-bm-bn-h-
cp∂p. Ahn-sS-bmWv Pnkvb-bpsS {]k‡n.
apkvenw-I-f-√m-Ø-h¿ Pnkvb sImSp-°-W-sa-∂-\p-im-kn-°p-tºmƒ
apkvenw-Iƒam{Xw sImSp-°m≥ _m[y-ÿ-amb k°m-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v ]e-
cp-tam¿°m-dn√.
bp≤-Im-eØv bp≤-Øn¬\n∂v \n w-K-\mbn Hgn-™p-\n-ev°m≥ Hcp
kln-jvWp-X-bpsS kXy-thZw 181
kXy-hn-izm-kn°v km[y-a√. Ah≥ bp≤-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-tØ-Xocq. AXv
Ahs‚ ssZhn-I-_m-[y-X-bmbn Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂p. F∂m¬ Aap-kven-ans\
ssk\n-I-_m-[y-X-bn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-°n-bn-cn-°p∂p. Ckvemw Z¿i-\-a-\p-k-
cn®v bp≤w ssZh-Zu-Xy-am-sW-∂-Xp-sIm≠v AXn∂v aXm-fl-I-amb ]cn-th-
j-ap≠v. AXn-\m¬ ssk\n-I-tk-h\w apkvenw-I-f-√m-Ø-h¿°pw \n¿_-
‘-am-°n-bm¬ AXv ]c-aXt{Zml-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw a‰v aX-
hn-izm-kn-Isf w_-‘n-t®-St- Ømfw AXv hnIm-c] - c
- a
- mb hnj-am-hÿ- bv°v
Imc-W-am-bn-Øo-cp-sa∂pw {]hm-N-I≥ a\- n-em-°n-bn-´p≠v. AXp-sIm-
≠mWv Ckvem-anI tÉv Aap-kvenw-Iƒ°v bp≤w \n¿∫-‘n-X-a-s√∂v
\n›-bn-®Xv. Ahn-izm-ky-X-sImt≠m aX-]-c-amb Akv]r-iy-X-sImt≠m
A√Xv. kza-\  - mse ssk\n-It- k-h\- c- w-KØv {]h¿Øn-°m-\m-{K-ln-°p∂
Aap-kven-an\v hne-s°m-´n-√X - m\pw. Aßs\ ssk\n-It- k-h\ - Ø- n\v kzbw-
k-∂-≤-\mbn apt∂m-´p-h-cp∂ Aap-kvenans\ Pnkvb-bn¬ \ns∂m-gn-hm-°n-
s°m-≠p≈ \nb-ahpw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-°-I-Øp≠v.
hy‡n-]-c-amb Xm¬]-cy-Øn-∂-∏p-dØv kaqlw, cmjv{Sw F∂o taJ-
e-I-fn-te°v Xs‚ i‡nbpw {i≤bpw hym]n-∏n-°m≥ ]cn-{i-an-°p-∂-h-
tcmSv Ckvem-anI `c-W-IqSw kvt\lhpw \µnbpw {]I-Sn-∏n-®p-t]m-∂n-
´p≠v. ssZh-am¿K-Øn-ep≈ {]hrØn FhnsS I≠mepw AXns\ «mLn-
°p-hm\pw t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-hm\pw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn°v km[n-®n-
cp∂p. cmjv{S kwc-£-W-Øn¬ Aap-kvenw-Iƒ kzbw-k-∂-≤-cmbn apt∂m-
´p-h-∂-Xp-sIm≠v aZo-\-bn¬ Ckvem-anI cmjv{Sw cq]-s∏-´-t∏mƒ {]hm-N-
I≥ Ahsc Pnkvb-bn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. sIbvtdm-hn¬\n∂v
sN¶-S-en-te°v Hcp tXmSp-sh-´m-\p≈ ÿew Xnc-s™-Sp-°m≥ klm-
bn® Aap-kven-ans\, IrX-⁄-Xm-kq-N-I-ambn Pnkvb-bn¬\n∂v Hgn-hm-
°n-s°m-≠p≈ DØ-c-hn-d-°m≥ Jeo^ Da¿ DZm-c-X- Im-Wn-°p-I-bp-
≠mbn.
Hcn-°¬ Jeo^m Da¿ Hcp sXcp-hn-eqsS \S-∂p-t]m-hp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p.
hgn-bn¬ Hcp hr≤-bm-N-Is\ I≠p-ap´n. At±lw Hc-‘-\m-bn-cp∂p.
Bcnepw A\p-Xm-]-ap-W¿Øm≥ t]mcpw-hn[w Zb-\o-b-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-
Øns‚ kzchpw {]Ir-X-hp-sa√mw. Jeo^m Da¿ bmN-I-\p-ambn kwkm-
cn®p. At±lw Hcp PqX aX-hn-izm-kn-bm-sW∂v a\- n-embn. Pnkvb
sImSp-°m≥t]mepw Ign-bmsX ZpcnXw hngp-ßn-°-gn-bp∂ bmN-Is\ Da¿
Xs‚ `h-\-Øn-te°v sIm≠p-t]mbn. `£-Whpw At]-£-b-\p-k-cn®v
Pnkv b - ° m- h - i y- a mb Imipw sImSpØv bmNIs\ bm{X- b m°n.
At∏mƒXs∂ Jeo^m Da¿ cmP JP-\mhv hyh-l-cn-°p∂ A[n-Im-cn-
Iƒ°v Cß-s\-sb-gpXn;
""..........Abm-sfbpw AXp-t]m-ep-≈-h-scbpw Is≠-ØpI. ssZhw
km£n, Abm-fpsS buh\w \mw `pPn-°p-Ibpw hm¿[-Iy-am-b-t∏mƒ hgn-
bm-[m-c-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv \oXn-b√.'' AtXm-sS-bmWv \n¿[-\-scbpw
A‘-scbpw AXp-t]mse \n -lm-bm-hÿ - b- n¬ Ign-bp-∂h - s- cbpw Pnkvb-
bn¬ \ns∂m-gn-hm-°n-s°m-≠p≈ DØ-c-hp-≠m-bXv.
Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-b\ - p-kc
- n®v aX-\yq-\]- £- ß - ƒ kpc-£n-Xc - mWv.
182 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Ah-cpsS Poh\pw kzØn\pw AhnsS ]c-am-h[n kwc-£Ww e`n-°p∂p.
""kq£n-®p-sIm-≈pI. Aapkvenw {]P-Isf h√-h\pw ASn-®-a¿Øp-
Itbm Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Ign-hn-∂-Xo-X-amb \nIp-Xn-`mcw sI´n-tb-ev]n-°p-
Itbm Ah-tcmSv {Iqc-ambn s]cp-am-dp-Itbm Ah-cpsS Ah-Im-i-߃
sh´n-°p-d-bv°p-Itbm sNøp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ A¥y-hn-[n-\m-fn¬ Ah-s\-Xn-
cn¬ Rm≥ kzbwXs∂ ]cmXn t_m[n-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv'' F∂v {]hm-N-I-\-
dn-bn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. (A_q-Zm-hqZv) bp≤w sNbvXpw Ah-cpsS Poh\pw
kzØpw kwc-£n-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂pw Ah-cp-sS-ta¬ Aan-X-amb \nIp-Xn-
Np-a-Ø-cpsX∂pw Jeo-^m-D-a¿ Xs‚ Nc-a-i-ø-bn¬ sh®p-t]mepw ]d-™n-
cp∂p. H∂p-d-∏n-°pI; Pnkvb-bpsS \ndw Idp-∏√; aX-tZz-j-Øns‚ hnjmw-
i-hp-a-Xn-en√.
30
F√m thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-sfbpw BZ-cn-°pI
kr jvSn-ÿ
- nXn kwlm-cI - m-cI
- Xzw A√m-lp-hn-∂h
- I
- m-is
- ∏-´X
- mWv. AYhm
A√m-lp-hns‚ I¿acw-K-ß-fm-W-h-aq∂pw. A√mlp k¿h-i-‡-\m-sW∂
{]tbmKw At∏mtg km¿Y-I-am-Ip-∂p≈q. (kr„n, ÿnXn, ]cn-Wmaw˛Ch
aq∂v hyh-ÿ-I-fp-sSbpw hn[m-Xmhv A√m-lp-hmWv F∂ Bibw A`nhy-
RvPn-∏n-°m≥ "d∫p¬ Be-ao≥' F∂ ]Z-amWv Ckvemw kwkvIrXn D]-
tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv.)
Poh-cm-in-I-fpsS h¿Ø-\-Øn-∂-h-ew-_-ambn {]]©w krjvSn-°-
s∏´p. {]]-©-cwKw i‡-am-b -]-c-kv]-cm-t]-£bpw XnI™ Xmf-s∏m-cp-
Øhpw k¿thm-]cn al-Ømb kuµ-cym-fl-I-Xbpw {]Jym-]\w sNøp∂p.
Poh-{]-]-©-Ønse kap-∂-X-kr-„n-bmb a\p-jys‚ tamN-\-Øn\pw
]q¿W-X-bn-te-°p≈ {]bm-W-Øn\pw hgn-hn-f-°mbn {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sm-
\mWv thZ-{K-Ÿ-߃ \evI-s∏-´Xv. kzc-t`-Z-߃ tXm∂m-sa-¶nepw GI-
amb e£y-Øns‚ {]Im-i-\-amWv thZ-ß-sf√mw D∂w-sh-°p-∂Xv.
apJy-amb aq∂v thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-sf-°p-dn®v Jp¿-B≥ ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p≠v.
C{km-tb-en-Iƒ°v aqkm-\_n sIm≠p-h-∂n-´p≈ {KŸ-amWv XudmØv.
]pXnb thZ-߃ {]Xn-tj-[-ap-b¿Øp-I-b√, ]qc-I-am-hp-I-bmWv. Xudm-
kln-jvWp-X-bpsS kXy-thZw 183
Øn-\p-tijw Cukm-\_n ]pXn-sbmcp thZ-hp-am-sbØn. Cukm-\_n
Ah-tcmSv ]d™p:
""Fs‚ ap∂n-ep≈ Xudm-Øns\ (\ntj-[n-°msX) icn-sh-®p-sIm≠pw
\n߃°v hne-°-s∏-´n-cp∂ Nne Imcy-ßsf \n߃°v \nb-am-\p-kr-X-am-
°n-Ø-cp-hm-\p-amWv Rm≥ h∂n-´p-≈Xv. Fs‚bpw \nß-fp-sSbpw c£n-
Xmhv A√m-lp-hm-Ip∂p. AXp-sIm≠v Ahs\ Bcm-[n-°p-hn≥. AXmWv
icn-bmb am¿Kw.'' (3:50)
Xudm-Øns‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ ]pXn-b -th-Z-Øn-\p-t\sc Ak-ln-
jvWp-°-fm-bn-cp∂p. Ah-c-Xn-s\-Xnsc Bt{Im-in-®p. ImX-emb H∂pw
Nq≠n-bm-bn-cp-∂n√ Ah-cpsS _lfw. \ne-hn-ep-≈Xv A{]m-tbm-Kn-Ihpw
Ak-Xy-P-Sn-e-hp-am-b-Xp-sIm-≠t√ ]pØ-s\m∂v hcp-∂Xv F∂v kmam\y
_p≤n am{X-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v Ah¿ ]cm-Xn-s∏´p. Xß-fpsS tNmc-bnepw hnizm-
k-Ønepw kwkvIm-c-Ønepw kzm[o-\n-®p-I-gn™ ]g-b -th-Z-Øn-\p-th≠n
Ah¿ Bbp-[-sa-SpØp. Jp¿-B-\n¬ Cß-s\-sbmcp kqN-\-bp≠v:
""{InkvXym-\n-Iƒ°v bmsXm-c-Sn-ÿm-\-hp-an-s√∂v PqX-∑m¿ ]dbpw.
PqX-∑m¿°v bmsXm-c-Sn-ÿm-\-hp-an-s√∂v {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw ]dbpw. Ah-
cm-sW-¶n¬ (Htc) thZw hmbn-°p-∂p-≠p-Xm\pw. Ch¿ ]d-bp-∂-Xp-t]mse
Xs∂ Adn-hn-√m-Ø-h¿ (apºpw) ]d-™n-´p≠v. F∂m¬ Ah¿ `n∂n®
Imcy-ß-fn¬ ]p\-cp-∞m-\-Zn-hkw A√mlp hn[n-I-ev]n-°p-∂-XmWv. (2:113)
Ckvemw apl-Ω-Zns‚ am{Xw aX-a√. BZysØ {]hm-N-I-\mb BZw
sXm´n-tßm´v ]e Ime-ß-fn-embn, ]e P\-]-Z-ß-fn-ep-ambn ]cn-tk-h\w
\n¿h-ln® {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsSbpw aXw Ckvemw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. {]hm-
N-I-∑m-cp-tSXv ]ngbv-°mØ kzc-am-bn-cn-°m-sa-¶nepw sshb-‡n-I-amb
]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ krjvSn-°p∂ A]q¿W-X-Iƒt]mepw CkvemwZ¿i-\-Øn-s\-
Xnsc Btcm-]n-°m≥ Ign-bp-I-bn√. sshhn-[y-am¿∂ Ime-]-›m-Ø-e-ß-
fn¬ P\-a-\- p-I-fn¬ h¿jn-°-s∏´ {]h-N-\-ß-f-Jn-ehpw Ckvem-an¬
kam-l-cn-°-s∏-´n-´p≠v. AXn-∂-∏pdw as‰m-∂p-Iq-Sn-bp≠v. Ime-]-›m-Ø-e-
ß-fn¬ hne-°-s∏´ hkvXp-X-Isf ]p\x-tim-[-\bv°v hnt[-b-am°n
km[pXzw \evIn a\p-jy¿°v kΩm-\n-°p-hm≥ ]pXn-b- th-Z-߃°v km[n-
°p∂p.
]gb {]hm-N-I-∑msc A\p-k-cn®pw thtZm-‡n-Isf BZ-cn-®p-amWv
]pXn-b -th-Z-߃ Ah-Xo¿W-ß-fm-Ip-∂-sX∂v F√m thZ-{K-Ÿ-ßfpw
A\p-kvac - n-∏n-°p-∂p≠v. ASn-ÿm-\a - n-√mØ Btcm-]W - ß - f
- p-ambn i{XpX
hf¿Øn {]hm-N-I-Zu-Xy-Øn-\p-t\sc Aa¿jw sIm≈m-\√, {]XypX
X߃ ]n¥p-S¿∂p-t]m-cp∂ thZ-{K-Ÿß - f - nse {]Im-ia - pƒs°m-≠p-sIm≠v
\∑-bpsS \nXy-l-cnX tIZm-c-Øn-tebv°v˛ ssZh-Øns‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn-
tebv°v˛\S-∂p-\o-ßp-hm-\p≈ ]cn-{i-a-amWv \ΩpsS `mK-Øp-≠m-th-≠Xv.
`n∂-X-bn-eq-sS-b√, A`n-∂-Xbn-eq-sS-bmWv AJn-em-[n-\m-Y-\mb A√m-lp-
hns‚ kao-]-sØ-Øm≥ Ign-bpI.
a‰v aX-hn-izm-kn-If
- p-ambn X√n-ØI - c
- m-Xn-cn-°p-hm\pw kv]¿[ hf¿Øn
PohnXw Xpebv-°m-Xn-cn-°m\pw am{X-a√ CkvemwkwkvImcw {]t_m-[n-
∏n-°p-∂Xv. Ah-cp-ambn \S-Øp∂ kw`m-j-W-ß-fn¬t∏mepw kmXzn-IX
184 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw kln-jvWp-X-bpsS kXy-thZw 185

ssItamiw hc-cp-sX∂pw hrØn-bnepw kao-]-\-Ønepw hyXym-k-߃

kq£n-°p∂ Hcp c£n-Xm-hns‚ k¥-Xn-I-fmWv Xßsf∂dn-™p-sIm≠v
kvt\l-tØmsS s]cp-am-dm≥ km[n-°-W-sa∂pw Jp¿-B≥ \njvI¿jn-

31
°p∂p.
""thZ-°m-tcmSv G‰hpw \√ hm°p-Ifpw kao-]-\-ßfpw D]-tbm-K-s∏-
Sp-Øn-b-√msX X¿°n-°-cpXv. Ah-cn¬ A{I-an-I-fm-b-h-tcm-sSm-gnsI
\n߃ ]d-bWw: R߃°-hX - c
- n-®
- X
- nepw \n߃°-hX- c- n-®X
- nepw R߃
hniz-kn-°p-∂p≠v. Rß-fp-sSbpw \nß-fp-sSbpw ssZhw H∂mWv. R߃
Ah∂v Iogvs]-´-h-cmWv.'' (29:46)
aX-߃ ImWn-®p-X-cp∂ am¿Kt`-Z-ß-f-\p-k-cn-®p-sIm≠v a\p-jy-Ip-
kv{Xosb shfn-®-Øn-te°v \bn®
e-Øns‚ GI-Xb - w-Ko-Ic
- n-°p-hm\pw GIo-Ic - Ww km£m¬°-cn-°p-hm\pw hntam-N-\-imkv{Xw
km[n°pw.
]e {]hm-N-I-∑mcpw a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Øn-\p-th≠n thZ-{K-Ÿ-߃
kΩm-\n-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw Gsd Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂h \mse-Æ-am-sW∂v Jp¿- sXcp-hp-I-fn¬t]mepw hen-®n´v N¿®sNbvXv hnIr-X-am-°-s∏´ Hcp hnj-
B≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v˛ b-amWv "Ckvem-anse kv{Xo.' kv{Xo, hnhmlw, At\-I-`m-cymXzw, ]ns∂
Zmhq-Zv\-_n-bpsS k_q¿ hnhm-l-tam-N\w. tI´-dnhv am{X-ap≈ ImeØv {]Nm-c-W-Xo-{h-X-bp-sSbpw
aqkm-\-_n-bpsS XudmØv Nmcp-X-bp-sSbpw ap∂n¬ Rm≥ hnkvabw Iqdn \n∂n-´p≠v. A‘-Im-c-bp-
Cukm-\-_n-bpsS C©o¬ K-Ønse a\p-jys‚ {]mIr-X-`mhw ]pXn-b- th-j-a-Wn™v kXy-th-Z-
apl-Ω-Zv\-_n-bpsS Jp¿-B≥ tØmSv {]Xn-Imcw ImWn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂pw F\n°v tXm∂n. kXy-
thZ-ßsf ]q¿W-h¬°-cn® {]hm-NI {]Im-fi-ambn apl-Ω-Zv\_n th-ZsØ ap≥hn-[n-sbm-∂p-an-√msX Xm¬]-cy-]q¿hw kao-]n-°m≥ XpS-ßn-
Io¿Øn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. ]q¿h-th-Z-ß-fnse aln-Xm-i-b-ßsf apgp-h≥ Jp¿- b-tXmsS Adn-hn-√m-bv-abpw Ak-ln-jvWp-Xbpw {]Xn-Im-c-a-\ pw ChnsS
B≥ Dƒs°m-≈p-∂p-s≠∂pw AXn-\m¬ F√m thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-sfbpw Jp¿- sI´n-s∏m-°nb anYy-bpsS tIm´-sIm-Ø-f-߃ F∂n¬ ar¨ab inev]-ß-
B-s\-t∏mse Icp-Xn-bm-Z-cn-°-W-sa∂pw F√m {]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ap∂nepw sf-t∏mse DS-™p-ho-gp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p.
apl-ΩZ- v\_
- n-s°-∂t- ]mse hn\-bm-Zc - ß
- ƒ ka¿∏n-°W- s - a∂pw Jp¿-B≥ ]g-b -tem-IØv ]XnXzw A\p-`-hn-®p-t]m∂ Hc-`n-i]vX hn`m-K-am-bn-
\n¿tZ-in-°p∂p. cp∂p kv{XoIƒ. Nne cmPy-ß-fnse Nne P\-]-Z-ß-fn¬ A]hm--Z-߃
""kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf, A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ {]hm-N-I-\nepw {]hm- Nq≠n-°m-Wn-°m≥ Ign-t™-°m-sa-¶nepw s]mXpsh AXm-bn-cp∂p \ne.
N-I-∂h-X-cn-∏n® thZ-{K-ŸØnepw AXn∂p apº-h-X-cn-∏n-®-Xnepw hniz- a\p-jy-Ip-e-Ønse BZy-\m-bn Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂ BZw Xs‚ CSsØ hmcn-
kn-°p-hn≥. A√m-lp-shbpw Ahs‚ ae-°p-I-sfbpw Ahs‚ {KŸ-ß- sb-√n¬\n∂v krjvSn® hnNn-{X- Po-hn-bmWv kv{Xo F∂mWv k¶ev]w.
sfbpw Ahs‚ ZqX-∑m-scbpw A¥y-\m-fn-s\bpw \ntj-[n-°p-∂-h¿ hfsc AXp-sIm-≠m-Ws{X kv{Xo°v hmcn-sb-√p-Iƒ FÆ-Øn¬ H∂p- Ip-d-
hnZq-c-amb \ne-bn¬ ]ng-®p-t]m-bn-cn-°p∂p.'' ˛ 4:136 ™Xv!
""Ahs‚ ZqX-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬ R߃ hyXymkw Iev]n-°p-I- tImfd, acWw, \cIw, hnjw, k¿∏w, A·n F∂n-h-sb√mw kv{Xo
bn√.''(2:285) F∂ im]-sØ-°mƒ F{Xtbm aSßv DØ-a-am-sW∂v ]d-bp∂ Nne aX-
""Cukm ]d™p: Xo¿®-bmbpw A√m-lp- F-s‚bpw \nß-fp-sSbpw hm-Zn-Iƒ A∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ss__nƒ ]gb \nb-a-Ønse kv{Xosb-°p-
c£n-Xm-hm-Ip∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ahs\ \n߃ Bcm-[n-°pI˛ CXs{X dn-®p≈ ]cm-a¿iw D≤-c-Wm¿l-amWv:
t\sc-bp≈ am¿Kw.'' (19:36) ""]T\˛Kth-j-W-߃ \SØn Adnhp t\Sm\pw Xn∑ A⁄-X-bpw
Ahn-thIw {`m¥p-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°p-hm\pw Rm\pw Fs‚ lrZ-bhpw
Np‰n- -©-cn®p. At∏mƒ ac-W-sØ°mƒ Zp -l-amWv kv{Xosb∂pw
Ahƒ Ipcp°pw Ah-fpsS lrZbw hebpw ssIIƒ hne-ßp-I-fp-am-
sW∂pw Rm≥ I≠p.''
A°m-eØv bqtdm-∏nse ]e cmPy-ß-fnepw kv{Xosb hnth-Ihpw
hnti-j-_p-≤n-bp-an-√mØ Hcp \nIrjvS Pohntbm i]n-°-s∏´ AXn-lo-\-
186 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
bmb Hcp ]nimtNm Bbn-´mWv KWn-®p-t]m-∂Xv.
\mK-cn-IX F∂v tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Bcpw BZy-tam¿Øp-t]m-Ip∂
{Kokv, hniz-kw-kvIm-c-Øns‚ ]n≈-sØm-´n-em-bmWv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
B {Kokn¬, shfn®w {]k-cn-®p-\n∂ B ]g-b- Im-e-Øp-t]mepw kv{Xo
hne-Ip-d™ Hcp hnev]-\-®-c-°mbn N¥-I-fn¬ arK-ß-tfm-sSm∏w ssIam-
‰-s∏-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp∂p F∂-XmWv kXyw.
A°m-e-sØm-cn-°¬ tdman¬ ktΩ-fn® {]am-Wn-am-cp-sSbpw _p≤n-
Po-hn-I-fp-sSbpw Hcp ktΩ-f\w Cßs\ Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bp-≠mbn:
""Bflm-hn-√mØ Hcp-Xcw Pohn-bmWv kv{Xo. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂
Ahƒ°v ac-Wm-\-¥cw Pohn-X-an√. tæ— Pohn-bmb Ahƒ amwkw `£n-
°mt\m `mj kwkm-cn-°mt\m Nncn-°mt\m ]mSn√. Ah-sf∂pw {]m¿Y-
\-bnepw Bcm-[-\-bnepw ]cn-N-c-W-Ønepw apgp-In-bn-cn-°Ww.''
Cu Xocp-am\w {]tbm-K-Øn¬ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn-∂m-h-iy-amb I¿i\ \S-
]-Sn-I-fm-hn-jvIcn-°-s∏´p. kwkm-cn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ Ah-fpsS hmb°v ap{Z-
sh®p. apJØv Icnw-Nmbw tX®Xv `mh {]Im-i\w XS-bm-\m-Ws{X.
Db¿∂-sXt∂m Xmgv∂-sXt∂m t`Z-an-√msX F√m IpSpw-_-Ønepws]´
kv{XoIƒ hmb-aq-Sn-s°-´n-bmWv ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-bn-cp-∂Xv. ]pcp-j-a-\- p-Isf
Ipcp-°n´v ]nSn-°m≥ ]nimNv t_m[-]q¿hw krjvSn-®-b® hio-I-c-Wm-bp-
[-amWv kv{Xo F∂m-W-h¿ hniz-kn-®Xv.
F.Un. 586˛¬ {^m≥kn¬ tN¿∂ aXm-[n-]-∑mcpw _p≤n-Po-hn-Ifpw
Dƒs∏´ Hcp kap-∂X Imcym-tem-N-\m-tbmKw N¿®sNbvX hnjbw
"kv{Xo a\p-jy-Po-hntbm a\p-tjy-Xc Pohntbm?' F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p: N¿®-
bpsS kam-]-\-Øn¬ GI-I-WvT-amb Hcp Xocp-am-\-Øn-e-h-scØn.
""kv{Xo a\p-jy-h¿KØn¬s]-´-XmWv.
F∂m¬ ]pcp-js‚
]cn-Nc- W
- Ø
- n-∂mWv
Ahƒ krjvSn-°-s∏-´Xv.''
Cw•-≠n¬ sl{‚n F´m-a≥, kv{XoIƒ thZ-]p-kvXIw sXm´p-t]m-I-
cp-sX∂ cmP-I-ev]-\-bn-d-°n-bn-cp∂p. F.Un. 1850˛se \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn®v
{_n´-\n¬ kv{Xo°v cmjv{S]ucXzw Ah-Im-i-s∏-´p-IqSm. thesNbvXp-In-
´p∂ Iqen-∏Ww t]mepw kq£n-°m-\-hƒ°-h-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√.
Ad_v\mSp-I-fnse IY AXn-hn-Nn-{X-am-bn-cp∂p. P\n-®p-ho-WXv
s]¨Ip-´n-bm-sW-∂-dn-™m¬ hn\m-i-Im-cn-bmb Hcp `oIc hkvXp-sh-
t∏mse AXn-s\-sb-SpØv Ipgn-®n-Sp∂ k{º-Zmbw AhnsS {]Np-c-am-bn-
cp∂p. s]¨Ip™p ]nd-°p-∂-Xp-t]mepw am\-t°-Sm-bn-°-cp-Xnb B
Ime-Øns‚ _o`-’-apJw sXfn-®p-Im-´m≥ t]mcp∂ Hcp ]cm-a¿iw Jp¿-
B-\n-ep≠v:
""s]¨Ip™v ]nd-∂n-´p-s≠∂ kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø Ah-cn-sem-cm-sf-
b-dn-bn-®m¬ Ahs‚ apJw Idp-Øn-cp-fp∂p. Ah≥ ZpxJhpw tIm]hpw ISn-
s®m-Xp-°p∂p. X\n°v e`n® "kt¥m-j-hm¿Ø' bpsS A]-am\w kln-
°-hø - msX Ah≥ P\-Zr-„n-bn¬\n∂v A{]-Xy-£\ - mIpw. A]-am\w kln®v
187
Cu Ip™ns\ sh®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-Itbm AtXm aÆn¬ Ipgn-®n-Sp-Itbm
th≠Xv? tlm! Ah-cpsS hn[n F{X \oNw!'' (16: 59)
a¿Z-\Ø- n\pw ASn-®a - ¿Ø-en\pw A[-aa - mb ]pcp-jk - w-kvIm-cØ
- ns‚
ss]im-Nn-I-amb t`Zy-߃°pw hnt[-b-bmbn Ign-tb-≠n-h∂ kv{XoIsf
ASn-aI- f
- m°n ssewKn-Im-hi - y-Øn\v hn‰v ]W-ap-≠m-°m≥t]mepw A∂sØ
kap-Zmbw Xøm-dm-bn-cp∂p. s]¨Ip-´n-Isf Poh-t\msS Zln-∏n-°p-Ibpw
Ip∂n≥ apI-fn¬\n∂v Xmtg-s°-dn™v sIm√p-Ibpw sNbvX kw`-h-߃
Ncn-{X-Øns‚ Xmfp-I-fn-ep≠v.
Ad_v\m´n-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ hnNn-{X-amb Hcp coXn \sΩ hnkvabw
sIm≈n°pw. AXn-XmWv: Hcp-\mƒ Hcp acp-a-I≥ Xs‚ AΩm-as\ kao-
]n®v, Xm≥ AΩm-bn-bpsS ico-c-Øn¬ Hcp XpWn ]pX-∏n-®n-´p-s≠∂pw
AXp-hgn Ah-cpsS ka-kvXm-h-Im-i-ßfpw C∂p-ap-X¬ X\n-°m-sW∂pw
]d-™m¬ AΩm-a\v ]ns∂ adp-hm-bp-cn-bm-Sm≥ Ah-Im-i-an-√s{X. B
kv{Xosb˛AΩm-bn-b-Ωsb˛ hnhmlwsNøm\pw acp-a-I\v Ah-Im-i-ap≠v.
thW-sa-¶n¬ ]n∂o-Sv a‰m¿s°-¶nepw hnhmlw sNbvXp-sIm-SpØv {]Xn-^-
ehpw hmßmw. tamN-\-∏-Wtam ac-Wm-\-¥-c- kztØm tamln®v Ahsf
]p\¿hn-hmlw sNøm≥ kΩ-Xn-°msX XS-™p-sh-°m\pw A°m-eØv
\nb-a-k-lmbw e`n-®n-cp∂p.
temI-sØ-hn-sSbpw, F√m kwkvIm-c-ß-fnepw kv{Xo°v ]XnXzw
Iev]n-®n-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ad_v\mSp-I-fn-se-t∏mse {Iqchpw lo\hpw
\n¿e-÷-hp-amb BNm-c-߃ at‰sd \mSp-I-fn¬ ImWm≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-
∂n√. ]nXm-hns‚ ac-W-tijw At±-l-Øns‚ kzØp-°-tfm-sSm∏w a‰v
`mcy-am-scbpw Nne Ad-_n-Iƒ ]n≥Xp-S¿®mh-Im-i-ambn ssIh-i-s∏-
SpØn `mcy-am-cmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®n-cp-∂p-hs{X!
A°m-eØv ]e cmPy-ßf - nepw ac-Ws - ∏-´h - c
- psS kzØn¬ kv{XoIƒ°v
Ah-Imiw \evIn-bn-cp-∂n√. hnhm-l-tam-N-\-Øn\pw A∂v Ahƒ°-h-Im-
i-an-√m-bn-cp∂p. hn[-h-Isf ]p\¿hn-hmlw sNøp-∂Xv \nb-a-coXym hne-
°nb \mSp-Ifpw Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂n√.
I®-h-S-®-c°v, t`mK-hkvXp, ASna˛F∂o \ne-I-fn-e-√msX ]g-b-
temIw kv{Xosb BZ-c-Wo-b-bmb a\p-jy-krjvSn F∂ \ne-bn¬ I≠n-
´n√. A]q¿hw Nne {]tZ-i-߃˛P\-]-Z-߃˛A]-hm-Z-ß-fmbn thdn´v
\nev°p∂p F∂v am{Xw.
a\p-jy-N-cn-{X-Øn¬ Bdmw \q‰m≠v AXy¥w {it≤-b-am-Ip-∂X,v
kv{Xo kzmX-{¥y-Øns‚ a{¥-[z-\n-bp-ambn Hcp thZ-{KŸw cwK-Ø-h-
Xo¿Wambn F∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv. A£-cm¿Y-Øn¬ AsXmcp alm-hn-π-h-
Øn\v _oPm-[m\w \SØn. kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw Xpey-cm-sW∂v Ckvemw
{]Jym-]n®p:
""]pcp-j-t\bpw kv{Xotbbpw \mw
Htc Bflm-hn¬\n∂v kr„n®p.''
kv{Xo°v Bflm-hpt≠m F∂p-t]mepw ktµ-ln® Imew. ssewKn-
Im-h-iy-Øn-\p≈ tIh-e-samcp D]-t`m-K-hkvXp-˛Bcp-sS-sb-¶nepw
ASna˛kzØ-hI - m-iß
- f
- n√-˛]ucm-hI - m-iß- s - fm-∂p-an√. ]nd-hn-tbm-sSmØv
188 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Ipgn-®p-aq-S-s∏-Sp∂ Zpc-hÿ! Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Jp¿-B≥ {]tLm-
jn®p:
kv{Xo°v Bflm-hp≠v
]pcp-j-s∂m∏w kv{Xo°pw
A[n-Im-cm-h-Im-i-ß-fp≠v.
kzm`n-{]mbw ]dbmw.
BZ¿i-߃ sh®p]pe¿Ømw
kzØv kºm-Zn-°m\pw hyh-l-cn-°m\pw Ah-Imiw
hnZym-`ym-kØ- n-\p≈
hne-°p-I-f-gn™p
s]mXp-Im-cy-ß-fn-en-S-s]Smw
hnhmlw, hnhm-l-tam-N\w˛
kv{XobpsS A`n-{]mbw \n¿Wm-bIw
""]pcp-j-\m-hs´, kv{Xobm-hs´ \nß-fn¬ B¿ {]h¿Øn-®mepw
Ah-cpsS {]hrØn Rm≥ ]mgm-°p-I-bn√.'' (3:195)
""BWm-Is´ s]Æm-Is´, kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-bn-cns° B¿ k¬°¿a-
߃ sNøp-∂pthm Ah¿ kz¿K-Øn¬ IS°pw. Ah¿°v Ati-jhpw
\oXn- \n-tj-[n-°-s∏-Sp-I-bn√.''
""a\p-jytc, GI hy‡n-bn¬ \n∂v \nßsf kr„n-°p-Ibpw AXn¬
\n∂pw AXns‚ CWsb D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-Ibpw B c≠v hy‡n-I-fn¬\n∂v
At\Iw ]pcp-j-∑m-scbpw kv{XoI-sfbpw hym]n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX
\nß-fpsS \mYs\ \n߃ kq£n-°Ww.''
""Xo¿®-bmbpw apkvenw ]pcp-j-∑mcpw apkvenw kv{XoIfpw kXy-hn-
izm-kn-Ifpw hnizm-kn-\n-Ifpw `‡-∑mcpw `‡-Ifpw kXy-k-‘-∑mcpw
kXy-k-‘-Ifpw £am-io-e-∑mcpw £am-io-e-Ifpw [¿an-„-∑mcpw [¿an-„-
Ifpw {hX-sa-Sp-°p∂ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw {hX-sa-Sp-°p∂ kv{XoIfpw P\-t\-{µn-
b-ßsf kq£n-°p∂ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw P\-t\-{µn-b-ßsf kq£n-°p∂
kv{XoIfpw˛Ah¿°v A√mlp ]m]-tam-N-\hpw {]Xn-^-ehpw Hcp-°n-sh-
®n-´p≠v'' (33:35)
CkvemwkwkvIr-Xn-b\ - p-kc
- n®v hn⁄m-\k
- º
- m-Z\w ]pcp-j∑
- m¿s°-
∂-t]mse kv{XoIƒ°pw \n¿_-‘n-X-as{X. hym]mc˛hyh-km-b-ßfpw
[\-]-c-amb F√m CS-]m-Sp-Ifpw \S-Øm≥ Ah¿°v kzmX-{¥y-ap≠v.
kv{XoIƒ°v tImS-Xn-I-fn¬ km£n-I-fmbn samgn \evImw. ]pcp-j-∑m-cp-
sSbpw kv{XoI-fp-sSbpw tIkp-I-fn¬ Hcp-t]mse hn[n-\-S-Øp∂ PUvPn-
am-cmImw. A©p-t\cw ]≈n-bn¬ \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂ {]m¿Y-\-I-fnepw sh≈n-
bm-gvN-bnse kaq-l-{]m¿Y\-bnepw kv{XoIƒ°v ]s¶-Sp°mw. ]pcp-j-∑m-
sc-t∏mse Ah¿°pw Ch ]pWy-I¿a-ß-fmWv. ]´m-f-tk-h-\-cw-KØv Xß-
fp-tS-Xmb ]¶p-h-ln-°m≥ kv{XoIƒ°-h-Im-i-ap≠v. DΩp AXnø F∂
kv{XobpsS hm°p-Iƒ {it≤bw:
""Rm≥ \_nXncp-ta-\n-bpsS IqsS Ggv bp≤-ß-fn¬ ]s¶-SpØp.
ssk\y-Øns‚ ]nd-In¬ km[-\-ß-fp-sS-b-SpØv Imh¬ \nev°pI, apdn-
th-‰-hsc NnIn-’n-°p-I, tcmKn-Isf ip{iq-jn-°pI˛apX-emb {]h¿Ø-\-
F√m thZ-{K-Ÿ-ß-sfbpw BZ-cn-°pI 189
ß-fmWv Rm≥ sNbvXXv.''
bp≤-Øn¬ t\cn´v ]s¶-SpØ ]e kv{Xo t]mcm-fn-Ifpw A∂p-≠m-
bn-cp∂p. DΩp¬ ssJ¿, k¿JmA, AIvdiv, DΩp-kn-\m¬, lpssia XpS-
ßnb kv{Xot]m-cm-fn-I-fpsS t]cp-Iƒ Ncn-{X-Øn¬ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´n-
´p≠v. {]hm-N-I-]-Xv\n-bmb Bbni Hcn-°¬ ]´m-f-hn-`m-K-Øn\v t\XrXzw
hln-°p-I-bp-≠mbn.
Zmº-Xy-Ønse _m[y-X-Iƒ°v tIm´w X´m-Ø-hn[w A\p-tbm-Py-
amb sXmgn¬sN-øm≥ kv{XoIƒ°-h-Im-i-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. \_n-bpsS
ImeØv \q¬\q¬∏v thebpw a‰pw sNbvXn-cp∂ kv{XoIsf At±lw ]pI-
gvØn-bn-cp∂p.
""hnizm-kn-I-fmb ]pcp-j\pw kv{Xobpw ]c-kv]cw klm-bn-I-fmWv.
Ah¿ \∑ I-ev]n-°p-Ibpw Xn∑- hn-tcm-[n-°p-Ibpw \a-kvImcw apdbv°v
\n¿h-ln-°p-Ibpw k°mØv sImSp-°p-Ibpw A√m-lp-shbpw Ahs‚
ZqX-s\bpw A\p-k-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw. Ah¿°v A√mlp IcpW sNøp-
∂-XmWv.''
\√Xp Iev]n-°m\pw NoØsb hntcm-[n-°m\pw \√ {]h¿Ø-\-ß-
fn-te¿s∏-Sm-\p-ap≈ {]_p≤ ]ucm-hI - miw kv{Xo°p-ap-s≠-∂v Cu kq‡w
A`n-hy-‡-am-°p∂p.
""kv{Xo ]pcp-j∂pw ]pcp-j≥ kv{Xo°pw hkv{X-am-sW''∂v Jp¿-B≥
kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. a\p-jy-k-aq-l-Ønse c≠v LS-I-ß-sf-∂- \n-ebv°v
kv{Xo°pw ]pcp-j-∂p-an-S-bn¬ kºq¿W ka-Xz-am-Wp-≈Xv. AXp-sIm-≠p-
Xs∂ kI-e-hn[ Ah-Im-i-߃°p≈ A¿l-Xbpw Xpey-amWv. thZ-{K-
Ÿ-Øns‚ kao-]-\-a-XmWv. "kz¿Kw amXm-hns‚ Im¬®p-h-´n-emsW' ∂
\_n-h-N\w am{Xw aXn, Ckvemw km[n® kv{Xohnπ-h-Øns‚ s]cp-ºd
apg-°m≥. "b{X \mcykvXp ]qPyt¥ cat¥ X{X tZhXx' F∂ `mc-Xob
kwkvIr-Xnbpw "kz¿Kw amXm-hns‚ Im¬®p-h-´n-em-sW'∂ Ckvem-anI
kwkvIr-Xnbpw KpW-]c - X
- b
- psS hn«-Y\
- Ø
- n¬ sXm´p-cp-Ωn-t∏m-hp-Ib
- mWv.
]gb kaq-l-Øns‚ AkvXnXzw DS-am-h-Im-i-hp-ambn At`-Zy-amw-
hn[w _‘-s∏-´p-In-S-°p∂p. kv{XobpsS AkvXnXzw A∂v AwKo-I-cn-°-
s∏-´n√ F∂ Zpc-h-ÿbv°v ImcWw Ah¿°v A∂v DS-am-h-Imiw C√m-bn-
cp∂p F∂-XmWv. Xm\-[zm-\n-®p-≠m-°nb Imiv t]mepw kz¥w ssII-
fn¬ kq£n-°p-hm≥ Ahƒ°v ]mSn-√m-bn-cp∂p. kaqlw ]ptcm-K-Xn-bn-
te°v \S-∂-Sp-Ø-t∏mƒ, kv{Xo°p-IqSn kmº-Øn-I-kzm-X{¥yw ssIh-∂-
t∏mƒ am{X-amWv Ahƒ AwKo-I-cn-°-s∏-´Xv. kv{Xo°v B ku`mKyw
kΩm-\n-®Xv CkvemwkwkvIr-Xn-bmWv. Bcp-sSbpw a[y-ÿ-Xtbm CS-
s]-Stem IqSm-sX-Xs∂ kzbw kºm-Zn-°m\pw kºØv ssIImcyw
sNøm\pw kaq-l-hp-ambn kzX-{¥-hym-]mcw \S-Øm\pw Ckvemw
kv{XoIƒ°-h-Imiw \evIn.
""`mcy ]≈n-bn¬ t]mIm-\-\p-hmZw tNmZn-®m¬ XS-bm≥ ]mSns√'' ∂v
\_n ]d-™-Xmbn apkvenw D≤-cn-®n-´p≠v. \_n-bpsS ImeØv {]`m-X-\-
a-kvIm-c-Øn\v kv{XoIƒ sh≈Iodp-∂-Xn\p apsº, Ccp-fn¬t]mepw
190 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
]≈n-bn¬ t]m-bn-cp∂p F∂v lZo-kp-Iƒ hy‡-am-°p∂p. DΩp AXnø
Cßs\ ]d-bp∂p:
""CuZp¬^n-X-dnepw (t\mºp s]cp-∂mƒ) CuZp¬ AZvlm (_en-s]-
cp-∂mƒ)bnepw bph-Xn-Ifpw EXp-a-Xn-Ifpw \mWn-®-I-Øn-cn-°p∂ I\y-
I-I-fp-a-S°w F√m-h-scbpw {]m¿Y-\bv°v sIm≠p-t]m-Im≥ \_n-Xn-cp-
ta\n Rß-tfmSv Iev]n-®n-cp∂p. F∂m¬, EXp-a-Xn-Iƒ \a-kvIm-c-
Øn¬\ns∂m-gn-™p-\n-ev°p-Ibpw as‰√m ]pWy-Ir-Xy-ß-fnepw ]s¶-Sp-
°p-Ibpw thWw. Rm≥ tNmZn®p: Xncp-ta\o, Rß-fn-sem-cmƒ°v aqSp-]-
S-an-s√-¶n¬ Ah-sf-ß-s\- hcpw? At∏mƒ Xncp-ta\n ]d™p: "Ah-fpsS
ktlm-Zcn Hcp aqSp-]Sw hmbv] sImSp-°s´' F∂v.'' A{X-t]mepw kaq-
l-\-a-kvIm-c-Øn¬\n∂v Ahƒ Hgn-™p-\nev°-cp-sX-∂mWv ChnsS hnh-
£n-°p-∂Xv.
Ip‰-ßfpw Ipd-hp-I-fp-sa√mw "A`n-i]vX' bmb kv{Xobn-em-tcm-]n-®-
´n-sh-bv°p∂ kv{Xohncp-≤ -bp-K-amWv l∆sb ]gn-°m-\m-thiw ImWn-
®Xv. BZ-ans\, hne-°-s∏´ I\n Xn∂m≥ t{]cn-∏n-®Xv l∆-bm-sW∂v Nne
aX-th-Zn-If- m-tcm-]n-®t- ∏mƒ, AsXm-c]
- c
- m-[a
- m-sW-¶n¬ AXn-en-cp-hcpw Htc-
t]mse Ip‰-°m-cm-sW∂v sXfn-®p-]-d-bm≥ Jp¿-B≥ k∂-≤-am-bXv
kv{Xotbm-Sp-ff B¿{Z-amb kao-]-\w-sIm-≠mWv. Jp¿-B≥ Cßs\ ]cm-
a¿in®p:
""Ah¿, BZhpw l∆bpw˛H∏w {]m¿Yn®p. Rß-fpsS \mYm, R߃
Rß-tfm-Sp-Xs∂ A{Iaw {]h¿Øn-®n-cn-°p∂p. \o R߃°v ]m]w
s]mdp-Øp-X-cn-Ibpw Rß-tfmSv ImcpWyw ImWn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´n-s√-
¶n¬ R߃ \jvS-s∏-´-h-cn¬ AI-s∏-´p-t]mIpw.'' (7:22)
[¿a ZuXy-ß-fpsS \n¿h-l-W-Øn¬ CgpIn apgpIn \nev°p∂ ]pcp-
js‚ a\- n¬ {]im¥n sNmcn-bp∂ ]hn{X t{kmX- mWv kv{Xo F∂mWv
Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn -tLm-jn-°p-∂Xv. (Jp¿-B-\nse A¿dqw F∂ A[ym-
b-Øn¬ hoSn\v im¥n-\n-ebw (Ad-_n-bn¬ akvI≥) F∂mWv t]¿ \evIn-
bn-´p-≈Xv. kv{Xo kpIp≥ (im¥n) \evIp-∂-h-fmWv, AXn-\m¬ Ahƒ
\nev°p∂ CSw akvI≥ Bbn.)
""\nß-fn¬\n-∂p-Xs∂ \n߃°v CW-Isf kr„n-®p-X∂ - Xv Ahs‚
Zr„m-¥-as{X, Ahƒ aptJ\ \n߃ im¥X {]m]n-°p-hm≥ th≠n.'' (30:
21)
hkvXp-\n-jvT-amb kq£vam-]-{K-Y-\-Øn-eqsS kXy-a-dn™v \n¿`-b-
ambn temI-tØmSp kwkm-cn-°p∂ Hcp kzX{¥ aX-Z¿i-\-Øn\p am{Xta
aXm-[n-Im-cn-Ifpw bmYm-ÿn-Xn-Icpw ÿm]n-X-Xm¬]-cy-°mcpw ChnsS
\q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn ASn-t®-ev]n®v cq£-in-em-X-ew-t]mse P\-a-\- p-I-fn¬
InS-°p∂, kv{Xo im]-am-sW∂ hnizm-k-Øn-s\-Xnsc i–-ap-b¿Øm≥
Ignbq. emL-h-tØmsS ImtW≠ Hcp \n m-c-Im-cy-a-√nXv. CXv a\p-jy-N-
cn-{X-Ønse Hcp alm-kw-`-h-amWv. CXns\, Ckvemw \S-Ønb kv{Xo
kzmX-{¥y-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈ t]mcm´w F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-®mepw kXy-
Nn{Xw ]q¿Wambpw sXfn-™p-In-´p-I-bn√. kzmX-{¥y-Øn-\p-th-≠n-bp≈
t]mcm´w F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ kv{Xo AXp-hsc Ah-KW - n-°s
- ∏´, kzmX{¥yw
kv{Xosb shfn-®-Øn-te°v \bn® hntam-N-\-imkv{Xw 191
\ntj-[n-°-s∏-´-h-fm-bn-cp∂p Ft∂ A¿Yap≈q. AX√ kXyw. Bflm-hn-
√mØ, a\p-jy-Pohn F∂ \ne-bv°p≈ AkvXnXzw t]mepw A\p-h-Zn-°-
s∏-SmØ, P\n-®p-t]m-bm¬ hen-®p-sIm-≠p-t]mbn Ipgn-®p-aqSn cwKw ip≤-
am-°p∂ ss]im-Nn-Im-Nm-c-߃°p-IqSn hnt[b-bmb Hcp \nIr-„-P-¥p-
hm-bn-cp∂p kv{Xo. B \nIr-„-P-¥p-hns\ a\p-jy-kr-„n-bm-bw-Ko-I-cn®v
]pcp-j-s∂m∏w Db¿Øn-s°m-≠p-h-cp-hm≥ Ckvemw {]mcw-`-I-Xz-sa-SpØp
F∂-XmWv kXyw. AhnsS \n∂m-cw-`n-°p∂p h\nXm hnπ-h-Øns‚ BZy-
£cw. A∂n-e-bn¬ kv{Xosb ]p\x-kr-„n®v ]pcp-j∂v Xpeyw kaq-l-Øn-
ep-b¿Øn-s°m-≠p-h∂ alm-hn-π-h-Øns‚ Imc-I-Xz-amWv kXy-th-Z-
Øn\v Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-\p-≈Xv.
Jeo-^m- D-a¿ \mSp-hm-gp∂ Imew. hnhm-lt- h-fb- n¬ ]pcp-j≥ kv{Xo°p
\evIp∂ ]mcn-tXm-jnIw˛al¿˛\nb-{¥n-®p-sIm≠v Da¿ ]m m-°nb Hcp
\nbaw {i≤-bn¬s]-´t- ∏mƒ AXv FXn¿°-s∏-tS≠ H∂m-sW∂p tXm∂nb
Hcp kv{Xo t\sc Da-dns‚ ap∂n-te°v sN∂p. D]-tZ-i-Ik-Z- n¬sh®v
Da¿ Ah-cpsS ]cmXn tI´p. ]pXn-b- \n-b-a-Øns‚ \oXn-cm-ln-Xyhpw
bp‡n-`w-Khpw t{Zml-{]-Ir-Xhpw ka¿Yn-®p-sIm≠v Ah-c-hnsS hnIm-c-hm-
bvt]msS kwkm-cn®p. Ah-cpsS hmZ-ap-J-ß-sf√mw icn-bm-sW∂v t_m[y-
s∏´ Jeo-^m -D-a¿ Ah AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw X¬£Ww ]pXnb Iev]\
]n≥h-en-°p-I-bp-ap-≠mbn.
s]Æns\ BWns‚ ASn-a-bm-°p∂ NS-ßm-bn-cp∂p A°m-ew-hsc
hnhmlw. F∂m¬ Iq´m-bva-bpsS IpSpw-_-_-‘-amWv hnhmlwsIm≠v
km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX∂v Jp¿-B≥ {]t_m-[n-∏n®p. kv{XobpsS
A\p-hm-Z-an-√msX Ahsf B¿°pw hnhmlw Ign-®p-sIm-Sp-°m≥ ]mSn√.''
_m[y-X-Iƒt]mse Ah-Im-i-ß-fp-ap-≠-hƒ°v'' F∂v BZy-ambn {]Jym-
]n-®Xv Jp¿-B-\mWv. hn[hm hnhm-l-Øn\v km[p-Xbpw AwKo-Im-chpw
\evIn-s°m≠v Jp¿-B≥ \S-Ønb {]Jym-]\hpw, {]hm-N-I≥ kzPo-hn-X-
Øn¬ AXn∂v \evInb {Inbm-cq-]hpw hnπh-{]-h-W-X-I-fpƒs°m-≈p∂p.
A∂p-hsc ]pcp-j∂v am{X-am-bn-cp∂p hnhm-l-tam-N-\m-[n-Imcw. hnhm-l-
tam-N-\sØ ]c-am-h[n \ncp-’m-l-s∏-Sp-Øm-\m-{K-ln-°p∂ aX-X-e-amWv
Ckvem-sa-¶nepw hnhm-l-tam-N\w A\n-hm-cy-am-°-s∏-Sp∂ kµ¿`-ß-fn¬
]pcp-j-s\-t∏mse kv{Xo°pw AXn\v ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-°m-sa∂v Jp¿-B≥
Iev]n®p.
{]hm-N-I≥ kv{XoXz-Øns‚ ]hn-{X-Xsb «mLn-°p-Ibpw kpN-cn-X-
bmb kv{Xos°-Xnsc Zpcm-tcm-]W - a
- p-∂b
- n-°p-∂X
- ns\ I¿°-ia - mbn Bt£-
]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≠v. Nmcn-{Xy-Øn-s\-Xn-sc-bp≈ Zpcm-tcm-]Ww \S-
Øp-∂-h¿ ISpØ in£bv°v hnt[-b-cm-th-≠n-h-cp-sa∂v {]hmN-I≥ ap∂-
dn-bn∏p \evIn. Jp¿-B-\n¬Xs∂ in£-\n¿tZ-in-®n-´p≈ Kpcp-X-c-ß-fmb
Nne {]tXyI Ip‰-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn-emWv AXn-s\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈Xv.
""Nmcn-{Xy-h-Xn-I-fpsS ta¬ Ip‰m-tcm-]Ww \S-Øp-Ibpw (Xß-fpsS
Btcm-]Ww sXfn-bn-°p-∂-Xn\v) \mev km£n-Isf lmP-cm-°m≥ Ign-bm-
Xn-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-hsc F¨]Xv ASn-°pI. Ah-cpsS km£yw Hcn-
°epw \n߃ kzoI-cn-°p-I-bp-a-cpXv. Ah-ct{X B⁄m-ew-L-I¿; AXn-
192 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
\ptijw ]›m-Ø] - n-°p-Ibpw kwkvIr-Xc
- m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-∂h - scm-gnsI.
A√mlp G‰hpw s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-∂-h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-am-Ip∂p.''
(24: 4, 5)
kv{Xo-˛]pcp-j-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬ Ckvemw t`Z-`m-h\ kq£n-°p-∂n√.
Jp¿-B≥ sXfn™ `mj-bn¬ C°mcyw {]Jym-]n-®n-´p≠v.
""A\p-k-c-W-ap≈ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw A\p-k-c-W-ap≈ kv{XoIfpw kXy-
hn-izm-kn-I-fmb ]pcp-j-∑mcpw kXy-hn-izm-kn-\n-I-fmb kv{XoIfpw hW-
°-ap≈ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw hW-°-ap≈ kv{XoIfpw kXy-k-‘-cmb ]pcp-j-
∑mcpw kXy-k-‘-I-fmb kv{XoIfpw kl-\-_p-≤n-I-fmb ]pcp-j-∑mcpw
kl-\-io-e-ap≈ kv{XoIfpw hn\-b-io-e-cmb ]pcp-j≥amcpw hn\-b-io-e-
cmb kv{XoIfpw {hX-a-\p-jvTn-°p∂ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw {hX-a-\p-jvTn-°p∂
kv{XoIfpw Nmcn-{Xy-sØ- Im-Øp-t]m-cp∂ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw Nmcn-{Xy- h-Xn-I-
fmb kv{XoIfpw ssZhsØ A[n-I-ambn [ym\n-°p∂ ]pcp-j-∑mcpw
ssZhsØ A[n-I-ambn [ym\n-°p∂ kv{XoIfpw˛Ch¿s°√mw ]m]-s∏m-
dp-Xnbpw al-Ømb kΩm-\-hp-sam-cp-°n-bn-´p≠v.'' (33:36)
Aam-\y-amb s]cp-am‰w, lo\-amb `¿’\w, Ip’n-X-ß-fmb Btcm-
]-W-߃˛Ch-bn¬\n∂v kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw Hcp-t]mse kpc-£n-X-cm-bn-
cn-°p-sa∂pw AXn-\p≈ Ah-Imiw Hcp-t]mse Ccp-h¿°p-ap-s≠∂pw Jp¿-
B≥ Adn-bn-®n-´p≠v.
""hnizm-kn-I-fmb ]pcp-j-∑m-scbpw hnizm-kn-\n-I-fmb kv{XoI-sfbpw
`¿’n-°p-∂h¿ ]›m-Ø-]n-°m-Ø-]£w Ah¿°v \n›-b-ambpw \c-I-in-
£-bp≠v; Ah¿°t{X Nps´-cn-°p∂ in£.'' (85:11)
as‰m-cn-SØv:
""hnizm-kn-I-fmb ]pcp-j-∑m-cnepw hnizm-kn-\n-I-fmb kv{XoI-fnepw
A√mlp ImcpWyw sNmcn-bp∂p. A√mlp G‰hpw s]mdp-Øp-sIm-Sp-°p-
∂-h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-as{X.'' ˛33:74
CkvemwkwkvIr-Xn-b-\p-k-cn®v ]c-tem-IØpw kv{Xo]p-cp-j-k-aXzw
{]Jym-]n-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p. Ccp-h¿°pw ssZh-Øns‚ kwXr]vXn hgn-bp∂
aµ-lmkw Hcp-t]mse AhnsS ssIh-cp-as{X.
amXrXzw AXn-Zn-hy-amb Hcp IpSpw-_-]-Z-hn-bmWv. B Ah-ÿm-¥cw
ssIh-cn-°m≥ apt∂m-´p-\o-ßp∂ kz]-Xv\n-tbmSv B¿{Z-ambn, km\p-Iºw
s]cp-am-dp-hm≥ ]pcp-j\v _m[y-X-bp-s≠∂v Jp¿-B≥ `¿Øm-°-∑msc
Hm¿an-∏n-°p∂p. K¿`-Im-eØv Bh-iy-amb ip{iq-jbpw khn-ti-j-]-cn-c-
£bpw \evIm≥ `¿Ømhv _m[y-ÿ-\m-sW∂pw Adn-bn-°p∂p. `¿Øm-
hns‚ km∂n-[yhpw kvt\l-a-kr-W-amb s]cp-am-‰hpw K¿`n-Wn-bn¬
Bizmkw ]I-cp-sa∂v am{X-a√, Bfl-hn-izmkw hf¿Øp-Ibpw sNøpw.
Agn-®p-am-‰m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcm-fl_ - ‘
- Ø
- ns‚ Iq´m-bav b
- n¬\n-∂mWv ]pXnb
Xe-apd ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-°p-∂-sX∂ t_m[yw IpSpw-_-Po-hn-XsØ `{Zhpw
kvt\l-a-b-hp-am-°n-am‰pw.
""ssZh-sØ-b-√msX a‰m-scbpw Bcm-[n-°-cp-sX∂pw amXm-]n-Xm-°-
tfmSv hfsc DZm-c-ambn s]cp-am-d-W-sa∂pw \ns‚ \mY≥ Iev]n-®n-cn-
°p∂p. Ah-cn-sem-cmƒ, As√-¶n¬ Ah-cn-cp-hcpw \ns‚ Pohn-X-Im-eØv
kv{Xosb shfn-®-Øn-te°v \bn® hntam-N-\-imkv{Xw 193
hm¿[Iyw {]m]n® \ne-bn-ep-s≠-¶n¬ Ah-tcmSv \o ]p—-ambn "sO' F∂p-
t]mepw ]d-b-cpXv. Ahsc \o iIm-cn-°p-Ibpw AcpXv. Ah-tcmSv \o ab-
Øn¬ kwkm-cn-°pI. Ah-cn-cp-h¿°pw hn\-b-]q¿hw \o Nnd-Ip-Xm-gvØn-
s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøpI. ]d-bpI: ""Fs‚ c£n-Xmth, sNdp-∏-Øn¬
Fs∂ Ccp-hcpw I„-s∏-´p -t]m‰nhf¿Øn-b-Xp-t]mse Ah-cn-cp-h-cnepw \o
IcpW sNtø-Wta.'' (17: 24, 25)
""amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ°v \∑ sNøp-hm≥ \mw a\p-jys\ A\p-im-kn-®n-
cn-°p∂p. Ahs‚ amXmhv Ahs\ t¢i-tØm-sS Npa-°p-Ibpw t¢i-
tØmsS {]k-hn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ahs\ K¿`w [cn®v ape-IpSn amdp-∂-
Xp-hsc ap∏-Xp-am-k-°m-e-amWv. HSp-hn-e-h≥ ]q¿W hb-s -Øn-°-gn-bp-
Ibpw \mev]-Xp- h-b- m-hp-Ibpw sNøp-tºmƒ Ah≥ ]d-bp∂p: Fs‚
c£n-Xmth, F∂nepw Fs‚ amXm-]n-Xm-°-fnepw \o sNbvX \ns‚ A\p-
{K-l-Øn\v Rm≥ \µn-Im-´p-∂-Xn\pw \n\°v Xr]vXn-I-c-amb k¬{]-hrØn-
Iƒ Rm≥ sNøp-∂-Xn\pw Fs∂ A\p-{K-ln-®-cp-tf-Wta! Fs‚ k¥-Xn-
I-sf-°qSn \√-h-cm-°n-s°m≠v \osb-\n°v kpJ-a-cp-tf-Wta! Xo¿®-bmbpw
\n∂n-te°v Rm≥ Xncn-bp∂p. Xo¿®-bmbpw Rm≥ Iogvh-g-°-ap-≈-h-\m-
Ip∂p. Cuhn-[-am-fp-I-fn¬\n∂v AhcpsS t{ijvT-I¿a-߃ \mw kzoI-cn-
°p∂p. Ah-cpsS AIr-Xy-ßsf \mw AK-Wy-am-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
Ah¿ kz¿Km-h-Im-in-I-fm-Ip∂p. Ah¿°v hmKvZØw sNø-s∏-´n-cp∂
kXy-hm-KvZØw AXp-X-s∂-bm-Ip∂p.'' (46: 15, 16)
""kz¿Kw \nß-fpsS amXm-hns‚ ]mZ-߃°-Sn-bn¬ ÿnXn-sN-øp∂p''
F∂v {]hm-N-I-\-dn-bn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn(kpbqØn). G‰-hp-a-[nIw {i≤bpw
]cn-K-W-\-bp-a¿ln-°p∂ _‘w GsX∂v \_n-tbmSv tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ \_n-
bpsS DØcw ""\n‚ amXmhv'' F∂m-bn-cp∂p.
\ΩpsS kvt\lm-Zc - ß
- f
- ¿ln-°p∂ c≠m-asØ _‘-ta-sX∂v tNmZn-
®-t∏mƒ ""\ns‚ amXmhv'' F∂pXs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p adp-]Sn. tNmZy-I¿Ømhv
H∂p-IqSn tNmZn®p:
""Ahsc Ign-™m¬?''
"\ns‚ ]nXmhv' F∂mWv {]hm-N-I≥ {]Xn-h-Nn-®Xv ˛_pJmcn.
bp≤-cw-K-tØ°v t]mIm≥ BZ¿i-[o-c-\mb Hcp kXy-hn-izmkn
\_n-tbmSv A\p-hmZw tNmZn-®-t∏mƒ ""\nß-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-°ƒ Pohn-
®n-cn-°p-∂pt≠m'' F∂v \_n-b-t\z-jn®p. Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-s≠-∂-dn-bn-®-
t∏mƒ \_n ]d™p:
""Ahsc ]cn-Nc - n°q. AXv ssk\nI tkh-\t- ØmSv Xpeyw \nev°pw''
F∂mWv. as‰mcp kµ¿`-Øn¬ \_n ]d™p:
""hr≤-cmb amXm-]n-Xm-°-fp-≠m-bn-cns° Ahsc ip{iq-jn®v kz¿Km-
h-Im-in-I-fm-Ip-hm≥ {ian-°m-Ø-h-cmWv F{Xbpw \n¿`m-Ky-hm-∑m¿.''
194 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
32
kmº-Øn-I- Im-cy-Øn¬ kam-\X,
]n¥p-S¿®m-h-Im-i-Øn¬ tIh-e -\oXn
Ad_vkwkvImcw F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬ tKmÃ^v et_mWn (1841˛1931)
Cßs\ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v:
""kv{Xo hntam-N-\-Øn¬ Jp¿-B≥ hln® ]¶v {Kln-°-W-sa-¶n¬,
Ad-_n-I-fpsS kph¿W-bp-K-Øn¬ kv{XobpsS ÿnXn ]cn-tim-[n-t°-≠n-
bn-cn-°p∂p. C∂sØ bqtdm-∏n¬ kv{XoIƒ°p≈ ÿm\-amWv A∂v
kv{Xo°-hn-sS-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂-sX∂v Ncn{XtcJ-I-fp≠v. kvs]bv\nse Ad-
_n-I-fn¬\n∂mWv bqtdm∏v kZvKp-W-ßfpw kZm-Nm-c-ßfpw ]I¿Øn-bXv.
kv{Xosb BZ-cn-°pI F∂ ioew bqtdm-]y¿ Ad-_n-I-fn¬\n∂mWv ]Tn-
®Xv. Ckvem-amWv, {InkvXp-a-X-a√ kv{Xosb A[x-]-Xn-Xm-h-ÿ-bn¬\n∂v
ssI]n-Sn-®p-b¿Øn-bXv.''
Hc¿Y-Øn¬ kv{Xohn-tam-N-\-Øns‚ aX-Z¿i-\-amWv Ckvemw. BXy-
¥n-I- hn-i-I-e-\-Øn¬ kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw ka-∑m-cmWv. AXn-\m¬
Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ Ckvemw XpeyX tLmjn-°p∂p. kaq-l-Øns‚ cY-N-{I-
ß-fmbn Ccp-h¿°pw kam-\-{]m-apJyw \evIp∂p. F∂m¬, IpSpw-_-
Øns‚ kzØ-h-Im-i-Øns‚ {]iv\w hcp-tºmƒ ""]pcp-j∂v, c≠v kv{XoI-
fp-tS-Xn∂v Xpey-amb Hml-cn-bp≠v'' F∂ {]kvXmhw Fßs\ km[p-
hmIpw F∂v s]s´∂v tXm∂n-t∏mIpw. Hcp hni-I-e\w ChnsS Bh-iy-
am-bn-hc- p∂p.
kaq-l-Øns‚ Ah-ew-_-in-e-bmWv IpSpw_w
`mcybpw `¿Ømhpw tN¿∂-Xm-WXv.
IpSpw-_-Øn¬ kwXr-]vXn-bp-s≠-¶nte
kaq-l-Øn¬ kzÿ-X-bp-≠mhq.
Jp¿-B≥ IpSpw-_-t\-XrXzw ]pcp-j∂v \evIn
IpSpw-_-Øn\v AIhpw ]pd-hp-ambn
c≠v I¿aX-e-߃.
Krl-`-c-W-Øns‚ Npa-Xe kv{Xo°v
kv{Xosb shfn-®-Øn-te°v \bn® hntam-N-\-imkv{Xw 195
Ah-Im-i-ß-fnepw Npa-X-e-I-fnepw
`mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑m¿°v XpeyX.
""Ah-cpsS IS-a-Iƒ°v Xpeyw \ymb-amb Ah-Im-i-ßfpw Ah¿
°p≠v. ]pcp-j-∑m¿°v Ah-sc°mƒ Hcp ]Z-hn-bmWv.''
Iq´p-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ AS-°n-`-cn-°epw sNmev]-Sn°v Iogn¬ ASn-a-bm-
°n- \n¿Øepw \njn-≤-amWv. At∏mƒ `mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑m¿ ]c-kv]cw
AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw At\ym\yw IS-a-Iƒ \nd-th-‰p-Ibpw sNøp-tºmtg
Iq´p-Po-hnXw km¿Y-I-am-Ip-∂p≈p. At∏mƒ ""]pcp-j-∑m¿°v Ah-tc-
°mƒ (kv{XoI-sf-°mƒ) Hcp ]Z-hn-bp≠v'' F∂Xns‚ `mjy-sa-¥mWv?
DØcw Jp¿-B-\n¬Xs∂-bp≠v.
""]pcp-j-∑m¿ kv{XoI-fp-sS-ta¬ ta[m-hn-Xz-ap-≈-h-cm-Ip∂p. F¥p-
sIm-s≠-∂m¬, A√mlp Ah-cn¬ Nne¿°v a‰p Nne-sc-°mƒ t{ijvTX
\evIn. IqSmsX Ah-cpsS apX-ep-I-fn¬\n∂v Ah¿ sNe-h-gn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂p.'' CXn∂v A∫mkv alv-aqZv AJzm-Zns‚ (Jpdm-\nI Z¿i\w F∂
IrXn-bn¬) `mjyw Gsd bp‡n-`-{Z-am-bn-tØm∂n:
""{]h¿Ø-\£ - a - X
- b- n¬ ]pcp-jk
- l
- P- a- mb ta∑bpw kmaq-ly-cw-KØv
Ah¿ \n¿h-ln-°p∂ ]¶pw IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ hln-°p∂ `mc-hp-amWv
Cu ta[m-hn-Xz-Øn\v Ahs\ ka¿l-\m-°p-∂Xv. Pohn-X-k-a-c-Øn\v
kv{Xosb-°mƒ IcpØv ]pcp-j-∂mWv. _p≤n-]-chpw Imbn-I-hp-ambn ]pcp-
j-t\mfw tijn kv{Xo°p-≠m-bm¬Xs∂ K¿`-Im-eØpw ape-bq-´p-∂ -Im-
eØpw Cu ka-c-Øn¬\n∂v Ahƒ hn´p\nevt°-≠n-hcpw. Ahƒ°v D]-
Po-h\w kºm-Zn-®p-sIm-Sp-°p-hm\pw inip-]c - n-]m-e\
- Ø
- n\v Ahƒ°v th≠{X
kabw \evIp-hm-\p-amWv. Ahƒ°v hn{i-a-Øn-s‚bpw Km¿ln-I-kz-ÿ-X-
bp-sSbpw am¿K-߃ kpK-a-am-°p-hm\pw ]pcp-j-∂mWv km[n-°pI.''
Cu ka¿Y-\-Øn\v A\p-]q-c-I-ambn ssiJv dioZv dnZm Cßs\
{]kvXm-hn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn:
""{]Xn-amkw Hcm-gvN-°mew B¿Ø-hw- aqew kv{Xo tZlm-kzm-ÿy-
a-\p-`-hn-°p∂p. Zmº-Xy-Po-hnXw Hcp Iq´m-bva-bm-sW∂ hkvXp-X- IqSn
IW-°n-se-Sp-t°-≠-Xp≠v. GXv kaq-l-Øn\pw Hcp \mb-I≥ thWw.
hy‡n-If - psS A`n-{]m-bß - fpw Xm¬]-cy-ßfpw `n∂-ßf - m-bn-cn°pw. AXns‚
t]cn¬ ]c-kv]cw Ie-ln®v sFIyhpw kam-[m-\hpw XI-cm-Xn-cn-°m≥ Hcp
t\Xm-hns‚ A`n-{]m-b-a-\p-k-cn®v \oßn-tb-]‰q. s]mXp-\-∑bv°v AXv
AXy-¥m-t]-£n-X-amWv. t\XrXzw hln-°m≥ ]pcp-j-\mWv IqSp-X¬
ka¿l≥. \∑-sb-°p-dn®v IqSp-X-e-dnhpw [\hpw Ign-hp-ap-]-tbm-Kn®v AXv
t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ IqSp-X¬ tijnbpw ]pcp-j-∂mWv.''
IpSpw-_-\m-Y≥ F∂ Hcp ]Zhn Bh-iy-amtWm? IpSpw-_-Øn¬,
kaq-l-Øn¬˛AXv H∂n-e-[nIw t]cpsS kwLm-X-am-sW-∂-Xn-\m¬ Imcy-
߃ bYm-hn[n \S-Øn-°pI F∂-Xpƒs∏sSbp≈ Npa-X-e-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-
°m≥ Hcp \n¿hm-l-I≥ D≠m-bn-cn-°Ww. B[p-\nI kaq-l-im-kv{Xw-
t]mepw AXm-h-iy-s∏-Sp∂p. AØ-c-samcp ]Z-hn-bpsS A`m-h-Øn¬ Xmfw
kq£n-°p-hm\pw A®-S°w ]men-°p-hm\pw {]bm-k-amWv. IpØ-gn™,
Xmdp-am-dmb Zpÿn-Xn-hcpw. {Ia-Øn-e-hnsS Acm-P-IXzw Ac-tßdpw.
196 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
AXn-\m¬ "ta¬°o-gvs®m√v' kq£n-®p-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ip∂ Hcp \mb-I≥
AXym-h-iy-amWv. "sX‰n-≤-cn-°-s∏´ aXw' F∂ {KŸ-Ønse ]cm-a¿iw-
t]mse \mb-IXzw Bsc-tb-ev]n-°Ww F∂-XmWv, thW-sa-¶n¬ N¿®
sNø-s∏-Sm-\p≈ {]iv\w.
IpSpw-_-\m-Y-\mbn H∂p-In¬ ]pcp-j≥, As√-¶n¬ kv{Xo, AXp-a-
s√-¶n¬ Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw Iq´mbva.
`n∂-cpNn {]Ir-Xn-bpsS khn-ti-j-X-bm-sW-¶nepw (AYhm kuµ-
cy-am-sW-¶nepw) {]tbmKcwKØv AtXsd {]bm-k-ß-fp-≠m-°m-dp≠v.
Iq´mbva kaq-l-Øns‚ i‡n-bm-sW-¶nepw kmc-Yy-Øn\v ]‰n-b-X√.
kwL-S\ - m-im-k{v X-Øn¬, Iq´p-t\-XrXzw ( ) Bim-ky-as- √∂pw
Iq´mbn hnNm-c-hn-i-I-e\w km[n®v \n¿h-l-Wm-[n-Imcw Hcm-fn¬ A¿∏n-
°pI F∂-XmWv Btcm-Ky-Icw F∂pw ]d-bm-dp≠v. AhnsS hy‡n-t\-
XrXzw ( ) kap-Zbw sNøp∂p. IpSpw_w Hcp bq\n-‰mbn ]cn-
K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ AXnse hy‡n-I-sf√mw kwc£-W-`mcw Htct]mse
ssItb‰v \S-ØWw F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv BZ¿i-]-c-am-bn-tØm-∂m-sa-¶nepw
{]tbm-K-£-a-a√. "c£-b¥n ]c-kv]cw' (At\ym\yw c£n-°p∂p) F∂-
Xnse ]uc-t_m[w h√msX hf¿∂ {]_p-≤-k-aq-l-Ønte {]Xo-£n-
°m≥ ]‰q. IpSpw-_-Øn¬ \njv{In-bX hnf-bn-°p∂ PUn-I-Xtbm Npa-X-
e-I-fpsS t]cn¬ At\ym\yw X√p∂ Zpc-h-ÿtbm D≠m-h-cp-sX∂v
Ckvemw B{K-ln-°p∂p.
kv{Xo, ]pcp-j≥˛Ch-cn¬ IpSpw-_m-[n-]-Xy-Øn\v BcmWv IqSp-X-e-
\p-tbm-Py≥? AXpƒs°m-≈p∂ _m[y-X-Iƒ \nd-th-‰m-\m-h-iy-am-bXv
hnNm-ctam hnIm-ctam? hnNm-c-sa-∂mWv hy‡-amb DØcw. icn-bmb
am¿K-Øn¬\n∂v, Nn¥sb ImSp-I-b-‰p∂ Xo£vW-amb sshIm-cn-I-X-
bn¬ \n∂-I∂v kwK-Xn-Isf \nb-{¥n-°p-∂Xv hnNm-c-amWv. A∂n-e-bn¬
]pcp-j-\mWv Xs‚ hnNm-c-{]-[m-\-amb {]Ir-Xnbpw, Pohn-X-k-a-csØ t\cn-
Sm\pw AXns‚ `mc-ß-sfbpw {]Xn-_-‘-ß-sfbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°m-
\p≈ Ignhpw Imc-W-ambn IpSpw-_-\m-b-I-Xz-Øn\v kv{Xosb-°mƒ IqSp-
X¬ A¿l-s\∂v hy‡-amWv.
IpSpw-_-\m-b-I-Xz-sa-∂Xv IqSn-bm-tem-N-\-bp-sStbm ]c-kv]-c-k-l-
I-c-W-Øn-s‚tbm \ntj-[-Øn¬\n∂v ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-°p∂ H∂√. XnI™
]c-kv]-c-[m-c-W-bp-sSbpw i‡-amb kvt\l-_-‘-ß-fp-sSbpw ASn-ÿm-
\-Øn-ep≈ t\Xr-Xz-Ønt\ hnP-bn-°m≥ Ignbq. IpSpw-_-Øns‚ B`y-¥-
ccw-KØv Cu ssNX\yw {]k-cn-∏n-°m-\p-≈-XmWv Ckvem-ans‚ F√m
\nb-a-\n¿tZ-i-ßfpw. `n∂n-∏n-s‚bpw a’-c-Øn-s‚bpw ÿm\Øv
kvt\lhpw kl-I-c-Whpw ]c-kv]-c-[m-c-Wbpw hf¿Øp-hm-\m-W-Xm-{K-
ln-°p-∂Xv.
]n¥p-S¿® kzØn¬ kv{XobpsS Cc´n ]pcp-j∂v \evI-W-sa∂v
\n¿tZ-in-°p∂ aX-Xew kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬ XpeyX {]Jym-]n-
°p∂p F∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv hntcm-[m-`m-k-am-bn-tØm-∂n-tb°mw. F∂m¬
kq£va-hn-i-I-e\w \ΩpsS [mcW Xncp-Øm≥ klm-bn°pw. "kv{Xobp-tS-
Xns‚ Cc´n' e`n-°p∂ ]pcp-j≥ H∂m-a-Xmbn `mcy°pw c≠m-a-Xmbn IpSpw-
kv{Xosb shfn-®-Øn-te°v \bn® hntam-N-\-imkv{Xw 197
_-Øn\pw th≠n Xs‚ kºØv sNe-hg - n-°m≥ _m[y-ÿ\- mWv. At∏mƒ
IpSpw-_-]-c-amb I¿-a_m-[y-X-I-fn-√mØ kv{Xo kº-Øn¬ IqSp-X¬
A\p-`-hn-°p∂p F∂-XmWv bmYm¿Yyw. _m[y-X-I-tfsd hn[n-®p-sIm-
≠mWv kº-Øns‚ hnln-X-°q-Sp-X¬ Ckvemw ]pcp-j∂v \evIn-bn-´p-
≈Xv. kv{Xosb-t∏mse aq∂n-sem∂v am{X-a-h-Im-i-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ssI∏-‰p-
Ibpw sNøp∂ ]pcp-j≥ IpSpw-_-\m-Ys‚ _m[yX Fßs\ \n¿h-
ln°pw Fs∂m-t∂m¿t°-≠-XmWv.
km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn¬ ]pcp-j≥ kº-Øp- ap-gp-h\pw `mcy-bpƒs°m-
≈p∂ IpSpw-_-Øns‚ kwc-£-W-Øn-\mbn sNehv sNøp∂p. `mcy F{X
henb kzØvIm-cn-bm-bmepw IpSpw_ kwc£W _m≤y-X-bn√. AXp-
sIm≠v AXn-te-°mbn Ah-sfm∂pw sNe-h-gn-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂n√. ]pcp-j∂v
Ah-fpsS kΩ-X-tØm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-√msX AXn-semcp Nn√n-t]mepw D]-tbm-
Kn-°m\pw hø. H∂p-an-√m-Øh - ƒs°-∂t- ]mse Ahƒ°v th≠Xv sNøm≥
]pcp-j≥ _m[y-ÿ-\p-amWv. Ah-\Xv sNøp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ AXn-s\-Xnsc
]cm-Xn-s∏-Sm≥ Ahƒ°-h-Im-i-hp-ap≠v. Ckvem-an-I-\n-baw Ahƒ°-\p-
Iq-e-ambn \nev°p∂p.
\oXn-bpsS shfn-®-Ønepw ]pcp-j∂v e`n-°p∂ Af-hn¬ `qkzØv
t\Sm≥ kv{Xo A¿l-b√.
ImcWw 1. Ah-fpsS F√m sNe-hp-Ifpw hln-°m≥ ]pcp-j≥ _m[y-
X-s∏-´-h-\mWv.
2. kmº-ØnI _m[y-X-Iƒ Gs‰-Sp-t°≠ kµ¿`-߃ (Ckvemw
kwkvIr-Xn-b-\p-k-cn®v) kv{Xo°v hnc-f-amWv. Ahƒ ]p{Xn, `mcy,
amXmhv, ktlm-Zcn F∂n-ßs\ GX-h-ÿ-bn¬ \ne-sIm-≈p-tºmgpw
A`n-ap-J-am-bp≈ ]pcp-j≥˛]nXmhv, `¿Ømhv, aI≥, ktlm-Z-c≥˛
Ahsf kwc-£n-°m≥ IS-s∏-´-h-cmWv.
At∏mƒ kv{XoI-fp-sS-IqSn sNehv hln-°m≥ _m[y-X-s∏´ ]pcp-
j\v Cc´n kzØv sImSp-°p-∂-XmWv \oXn. kv{XobpsS kpc-£n-X-Xz-Øn-
\p-IqSn AXm-h-iy-amWv. kmº-Øn-I-Im-cy-Øn¬ kv{Xo°pw ]pcp-j\pw
kam-\X \evInb Ckvemw ]n≥Xp-S¿®m-h-Im-i-Øn¬ kaXzw Iev]n-°m-
Xn-cp-∂Xv Xo¿Øpw \oXn-]q¿h-I-amWv. AXv {]mtbm-Kn-I-Xz-Øns‚
\nZ¿i-\-hp-amWv. kv{Xo°v kmº-Øn-I-ti-jn-bp-s≠-¶nepw hnhm-lm-\-
¥cw `¿Ømhv sNe-hn\v sImSp-°-W-sa-∂mWv Ckvem-anI hyhÿ.
`¿Ømthm c£n-Xmthm Cs√-¶n¬ kv{Xo°v s]mXp-J-P-\m-hn¬\n∂v
sNe-hn\v \evIWw. Ip´n-I-fpsS sNehpw B coXn-bn¬Xs∂. ]nXm-
hnt∂m ]nXm-hns‚ ho´p-Im¿t°m BWv AXns‚ Npa-Xe. C°m-c-W-Øm-
emWv ]pcp-j\pw kv{Xo°p-an-S-bn¬ kmº-Øn-I-k-a-Xp-e-\m-hÿ \ne-
\n¿Øm\pw IpSpw-_-`mcw t]dp∂ ]pcp-j-t\mSv A\oXn sNøm-Xn-cn-
°m\pw Ckvemw kv{XobpsS Cc´n ]pcp-j\v hyhÿ sNbvXXv.
kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿°n-S-bn¬ kºq¿Wk-a-Xz-amWv Ckvemw Iev]n-®n-
´p-≈Xv. {]Ir-Xn-]-c-amb tbmKy-X-Iƒ, ss\]pWyw, _m[y-X-Iƒ F∂n-
h-bn-ep≈ hyXym-kta kv{Xo]p-cp-j-∑m¿°n-S-bn-ep≈q. am\p-jn-Im-Sn-
ÿm-\-Øn¬ hyXym-k-ta-Xp-an√. aX-]-chpw Bflo-b-hp-ambn ""BtWm
198 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
s]tÆm Bhs´ bYm¿∞ hnizm-kn-bm-bn-s°m≠v B¿ k¬°¿aw
sNbvXmepw kz¿K-Øn¬ {]th-in°pw. Ah¿ Xosc B{I-an-°-s∏-Sp-
∂n√.''
""DS-am-h-Im-i-Ønepw [\-hn-\n-a-bm-h-Im-i-Ønepw kv{Xo]p-cp-j-t`-Z-
an√.''
""]pcp-j-∑m¿ kºm-Zn-®-Xns‚ hnlnXw Ah¿°p≠v; kv{XoIƒ
kºm-Zn-®-Xns‚ hnlnXw Ah¿°pw.''
]n≥Xp-S¿®m-h-Im-i-Øn¬ kv{XobpsS Cc´n ]pcp-j∂v \evIn-bXv
Pohn-X-Øn¬ ]pcp-j≥ hln-°m≥ _m[y-X-s∏´ DØ-c-hm-Zn-Ø-߃ ]cn-
K-Wn-®mWv. hnhm-ln-X-\m-b-tijw `mcy-bp-sSbpw Ip´n-I-fp-sSbpw IpSpw-
_-Øn-s‚bpw apgp-h≥ `mchpw hln-t°-≠Xv ]pcp-j-∂mWv. {Inan-\¬ \„-
]-cn-lm-chpw {]mb-›n-Øhpw \evtI-≠Xpw Ah≥Xs∂. CsX-√mw-sIm≠v
]pcp-j≥ kv{XobpsS Cc-´n-hm-ßp-∂-Xn\v \oXo-I-c-W-ambn hnhm-ln-Xtbm
hn[-htbm Bb GX-h-ÿ-bnepw kv{XobpsS `£-W-Øn\pw a‰m-h-iy-
߃°pw hyhÿ sNbvXn-´p≠v. hnhm-ln-X-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ahsf c£n-
°m≥ `¿Øm-hp≠v. ho´n-en-cn-°p-∂-htfm hn[-htbm BsW-¶n¬ Ah-
Imiw In´nb [\w {]tbm-P-\-s∏-SpØmw. c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw _m[y-X-I-fn-
ep≈ hyXym-k-amWv A\-¥-cm-h-Im-i-Øns‚ A¥-c-Øn\p ImcWw.
C\n [\-hn-\n-tbm-K-sØ-°p-dn®v kzev]w. Du\-a‰ ka-{K-km-º-ØnI
Z¿i-\w-t]mse Ckvemw kº-Øns‚ kakvX taJ-e-I-sfbpw ]cy-th-£-
W-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-°n-bn-´p≠v. [¿a am¿KØn-eqsS t\Snb A¿Y-ap-]-tbm-
K-s∏-SpØn Imaw km[n-°p-∂-h\v tam£w ssIh-cp∂p F∂ ]pcp-jm¿Y-
ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ sslµ-h-k-ao-]-\w-t]mse, \nb-a-hn-t[-b-amb am¿K-Øn-
eqsS ssIh-cp∂ [\-Øns‚ DS-am-h-Imiw Ckvemw \ntj-[n-°p-∂n√.
[\w kq£n-°epw [\-hn-\n-tbm-K-Øn¬ epœv ImWn-°epw kzm`m-hn-I-
am-sW∂v Ckvemw kqNn-∏n-°p∂p. ""lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ ]nip°v IpSn-bn-cp-Ø-
s∏-´n-cn-°p∂p'' F∂ hN\w AXn∂v km£y-amWv. Ft‚Xv \nt‚Xv F∂
Nn¥ Aev]-a-\- p-I-fp-tS-Xm-sW∂pw DZm-c-N-cn-X≥-am¿°v temI-amWv
IpSpw_w F∂pw \ma-dn-bp-∂p-sh-¶nepw PohnX bmYm¿Yy-ß-fn-te°v
ItÆm-Sn-®m¬ kz¥w k¥m-\-߃°p-th≠n Icp-Xn-sh-°m-\p≈ B{K-
lhpw a‰pw P\-km-am-\y-Øns‚ kl-P-`m-h-am-sW∂v ImWm≥ Ignbpw.
Cu bmYm¿Yy-Øn-te°v Jp¿-B≥ hnc¬Nq-≠n-bn-´p≠v. k¥m-\ß - ƒ°mbn
kw`-cn-®p-sh-°p∂ [\w kº-Øns‚ cq]-Øn¬ \nt£-]n-°-s∏´ A[zm-
\-am-sW-∂mWv Ckvemw Icp-Xp-∂Xv. AXn-\m¬ AXv \ntj-[n-°-s∏-´-X√.
F∂m¬ hy‡n-bpsS {]Ir-Xn-Z-Øhpw [¿am-[n-jvTn-X-hp-amb A`n-em-j-
߃ ]q¿Øo-Ic - n-°p-∂X
- n\pw kaq-lX
- m-¬]-cy-߃ ]cn-c£
- n-°p-∂X - n\pw
t]mcp∂, \nb-{¥-W-ßfpw \nb-a-\n-jvI¿j-Ifpw Ckvemw -h-c-s®m-cp-°n-
bn-´p≠v.
""A√m-lp-hnepw Ahs‚ ZqX-\nepw hniz-kn-°pI. Ah≥ \nßsf
{]Xn-\n-[n-I-fm-°nb kº-Øn¬\n∂v \n߃ sNe-h-gn-°pI.''˛A¬
199
lZoZv : 7
F∂ kq‡w hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p-∂-Xp-t]mse [\-hn-\n-tbmK kµ¿`-
Øn¬ {]hm-N-I-\n-eqsS Ah-Xo¿W-amb ssZh-lnXw hnkva-cn-°-cpXv.
hy‡n-bpsS t`mK-tem-ep-]hpw N]-e-hp-amb lnXm-ln-X-߃°v hnt[-b-
am-b√ [\-hn-\n-tbmKw km[n-t°-≠Xv. kº-Øns‚ k¿∆m-[n-Im-cn-bmb
ssZh-Øns‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-bmWv Xms\-t∂m¿Øp-thWw Hmtcm Nn√nbpw
sNe-hm-°p-hm\pw \mtf-bv°p-th≠n kzcq-]n-°m\pw. sNe-h-gn-°p-∂Xv
ssZh-am¿K-Øn-em-hWw, kzcq-]n-°p-∂-Xm-hs´, Xs‚ hy‡n-[¿a-߃
]q¿W-ambn \n¿h-ln®v an®w hcp-∂-Xp-am-hWw.
kºØv Hcn-SØv Ip∂p-Iq-Sp-∂Xv kmaq-lnI-amb Akw-Xr-]vXn°v
Imc-W-amIpw. ico-c-Øns‚ Hcp `mK-Øp-am{Xw tI{µo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂
t]mj-Imw-iw-t]mse hn\m-i-I-c-am-WXv. bYm¿Y kXy-hn-izm-kn-bm-
bm¬t]mepw Hcp hy‡n t`mK-hm-RvO-bv°-Sn-s∏´v hgn-hn´ am¿K-Øn¬
[\w sNe-h-gn-s®-∂p-hcpw. Af-h‰ [\w hy‡n-bpsS [¿a-t_m-[sØ
inYn-e-am-°p-Ibpw Acp-Xm-bva-I-fn-te°v Ahs\ \bn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw.
temI-sØ-hn-sS-bp-ap-≠m-bn-°≠ kmaq-lnI -Xn-∑-I-fpsS Dd-hnSw kº-
Øns‚ A\n-b-{¥n-X-amb A[n-I-Xbpw AXns‚ ktlm-Z-co-ÿm-\-Øp-
h¿Øn-°p∂ AXn-t`m-K-Xz-hp-am-sW∂v kmaqlnI-im-kv{X-⁄-∑m¿ tcJ-
s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p≠v. aZy-]m-\hpw ab-°p-a-cp-∂ns‚ D]-tbm-Khpw hy`n-Nm-
chpw NqXm-´-hp-sa√mw AhnsS ]nd-hn-sb-Sp°pw, {]hr-≤-amIpw. kaq-l-
Øns‚ k¥p-en-XXzw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xpw [\-{]-aØ-X-bmWv. Pohn-
°m≥ ]mSp-s]-Sp∂ \nkz≥ kº-∂s‚ ap∂n¬ hnt[-b-\m-hp-Ibpw {Ia-
Øn¬ ASn-a-bmbn ]cn-W-an-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p. kap-∂-Xm-Z¿i-ßfpw
[¿a-kw-ln-X-I-fp-sa√mw [\-s°m-gp∏v krjvSn-°p∂ `oI-c-X-bpsS ap∂n¬
AkvX{- ]-`a- m-bn-∏c
- n-Wa
- n-°p∂p.
[¿am-h-ew-_n-bmbn cq]-I-ev]\ sNbvX kap-Zm-b-in-ev]-Øns‚ ASn-
∏Shnf-°m≥ t]mcp-amdv Zp»-‡n-bp-d-™p-\n-ev°p-∂-XmWv A\n-b-{¥n-X-
ambn hf¿∂p-hc - p∂ [\-tI-{µo-Ic - Ww F∂-dn-™X - p-sIm-≠mWv Ckvemw
kwkvIrXn AXn-s∂-Xnsc \nXm¥ Pm{KX ]pe¿Øn-t∏m-∂Xv. Ckvemw
kwkvIrXn DS-am-h-Im-isØ \ntcm-[n-°p-∂n√. F∂m¬ AXns‚ A\n-
b-{¥n-X-amb, A{]-Xn-tcm-[y-amb {]hr-≤nsb XS-bm≥ {ian-°p∂p.
""....kºØv \nß-fnse [\n-I¿°n-S-bn¬ am{Xw Id-ßm-Xn-cn-°m≥
th≠n....''(A¬ liv¿˛7) Ckvemw kwkvIrXn ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIn-bn-´p≠v.
kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ, [\n-I˛Z-cn-{Z-t`-Z-at\y a°-bn¬\n∂v aZo-\-bn-
te°v ]em-b\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ Ah-cp-sS-sbm∂pw ssII-fn¬ Icp-Xn-bn-cn-
∏p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. Hgn™ ssIbpam-sb-Ønb aplm-Pn-dp-Isf lrZ-b-
]q¿hw kzmKXw sNbvX A≥km-cn-Iƒ, Xß-fpsS ÿmhc PwK-a-h-
kvXp°ƒ°v Ah-sc-sb√mw Hcp-t]mse ]¶m-fn-I-fm°n. AXv Ncn-{X-]-Y-
Ønse Hc-]q¿h-X-bm-bn-cp∂p.
""Xß-fpsSbSp-°¬ kztZiw hn´p-h-∂-hsc Ah¿ kvt\ln-°p∂p.
Ah¿°p sImSpØ kº-Øn¬ Ah¿ B{Klw sh°p-∂n√. Ah¿°v
Bh-iy-ap-s≠-¶n¬ t]mepw Ah¿ kz¥-sØ-°mƒ A\y¿°v ap≥K-W\
200 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
\evIp∂p'' F∂mWv BZ¿i-Øm¬ Bth-in-X-amb B khn-tij at\m-
`m-hsØ Jp¿-B≥ Io¿Øn-°p-∂Xv. Imew Ipsd Ign™p. A≥km-cn-I-
fnse kº-∂¿°pw aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ°pw XΩn-ep-ff kmº-Øn-Ia - mb A¥cw
IqSn-h∂p. kmaq-lnI-amb k¥-pen-XXzw \jvS-s∏-´-Xp-t]mse tXm∂n.
kmº-Øn-I-amb Xmf-∏ng Ckvem-anI k¶-ev]-Øn-ep≈ kaql kwhn-[m-
\-Øns‚ s]mena sISp-Øn-tb-°ptam F∂v {]hm-N-I-\m-i-¶n®p. Hcn-
°¬IqSn A≥km-cn-I-fpsS \√ a\- n-\p-th-≠n-b-t]-£n-°p-∂Xv `wKn-b-
s√∂v IcpXn hnj-an-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p {]hm-N-I≥. At∏m-gmWv _\p-
∂fo¿ kw`hw \S-∂Xv. `mKy-h-im¬ bp≤-ap-≠m-bn√. DS-º-Sn-b-\p-k-cn®v
_\p-∂-fo¿ tKm{X-°m-cpsS kºØv apgp-h≥ apl-ΩZv \_n°v e`n®p.
A\p-h¿Øn-°-s∏-´p-t]m∂ hyh-ÿ-b-\p-k-cn®v, bp≤-ap-≠m-ImsX i{Xp-
°-fn¬\n∂v e`n-°p∂ kºØv A√m-lp-hn\pw dkq-en-\p-ap-≈-XmWv.
bp≤w \S-∂n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ kº-Øns‚ 4/5 `mKw tbm≤m-°ƒ°pw 1/5
`mKw A√m-lp-hn\pw dkq-en\pw F∂mWv hn[n. CXv ssZh-Z-Ø-amb Hc-
h-k-c-am-sW-∂p-I-cp-Xnb {]hm-N-I≥ A≥km-cn-Iƒ°pw aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ°p-
an-S-bn¬ A{X-sb-¶nepw kmº-Øn-I-k-aXzw km[n-°s´ F∂p IcpXn
kºØv apgp-h≥ aplm-Pn-dp-Iƒ°v \evIn. A≥km-cn-I-fn¬ Xmc-X-tay\
]mh-ß-fmb c≠p-t]¿°pw. Cu \S-]-Snsb Jp¿-B≥ Cßs\ ]cm-a¿in-
°p∂p:
""cmPy-hm-kn-I-fn¬\n∂v A√mlp Xs‚ ZqX\v bp≤-sam-gn-hm°n
hmßn-s°m-SpØ [\w A√m-lp-hn\pw Xs‚ ZqX∂pw Xs‚ ASpØ
IpSpw-_-Øn\pw A\m-Y¿°pw AK-Xn-Iƒ°pw ]mŸ¿°pw Ah-Im-
i-s∏-´-XmWv. [\w [\n-I¿°n-S-bn¬ am{Xw Id-ßn-Øn-cn-bm-Xn-cn-
°m≥th-≠n-bm-WXv. {]hm-N-I≥ \n߃°v \evIn-bXv kzoI-cn-°p-
Ibpw hne-°n-bXv h¿Pn-°p-Ibpw sNøpI. A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-
°pI. A√mlp ITn-\a - mbn in£n-°p-∂h
- \
- mWv. kz`-h\
- ß
- f - n¬\n∂pw
kzØp-°-fn¬\n∂pw _ln-jvIr-X-cmbn ]em-b\w sNbvX ]mh-
߃°p-≈-Xm-WXv. A√m-lp-hns‚ s]mcp-Øhpw A\p-{K-lhpw
Imw£n-®m-WXv sNbvXXv. Ah¿ A√m-lp-hn-s\bpw {]hm-NI - s
- \bpw
klm-bn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂p. Ah-cmWv kXy-hm-∑m¿.'' (59: 6˛8)
kº-Øns‚ tI{µo-I-cWw CjvS-s∏-SmØ Hcp aX-Z¿i-\-amWv
Ckvemw. IpØ-I-ap-X-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ Zp¿e-kn-X-߃ Hgn-hm-°p-hm\pw
Zp¿_e hn`m-K-ß-fpsS Xm¬]-cy-߃ kwc-£n-°p-hm\pw t]mcp∂ k∑-
\- p≈ sNdp-InS kzImcy DS-a-ÿ-X-bmWv Ckvem-am-{K-ln-°p-∂Xv;
hnti-jn®pw tIh-e-amb kmº-ØnI kaXzw Hcp aco-Nn-I-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v.
kmº-ØnI Imcy-Øn¬ kam-\X, ]n¥pS¿®m-h-Im-i-Øn¬ tIhe 201
\oXn
33
_lp-`m-cymXzw
Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp hn\
kv{Xobpw ]pcp-j\pw XΩn-ep≈ [mc-W-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ hnip-≤-
hn-Im-c-ß-tfmsS \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp-S-º-Sn-bmWv hnhmlw. Ckvemw
kwkvIr-Xn-bn¬ ]hn-{X-amb Hcp I¿a-am-WnXv. kv{Xobp-sSbpw ]pcp-j-
s‚bpw am\-kn-I-amb tbmPn∏v, AXn\v At\ym-\y-ap≈ AwKo-Imcw,
]ns∂ c≠v km£n-I-fp-sS km∂n[yw (hc\pw h[p-hn\v th≠n Ah-fpsS
c£m-I¿Øm-hp-amWv Cu DS-ºS- n-bnse c≠p ]£w.) Jmkn-bpsS km∂n[yw
t]mepw Ckvemw I¿i-\-am-°n-bn-´n√.
hnhm-l-k-µ¿`-Øn¬ ]pcp-j≥ kv{Xo°p \evIp∂ ]mcn-tXm-jn-I-
amWv alv¿. alvdv Hcp {]Xo-I-amWv. ]pcp-j≥ kv{XotbmSv ImWn-°p∂
BZ-c-hns‚ kqN-\-bm-WXv. hne sImSp-sØ-Sp-t°≠ hnin-jvS-hkvXp
F∂ hnti-j-[z\n alv-dn-\p≠v. alv-dn-√mØ hnhmlw km[p-hm-hp-I-bn√.
alvdv \n¿_-‘-am-sW-¶nepw AXns‚ Xchpw Afhpw I¿i-\-am-°n-bn-cp-
∂n√. Hcn-°¬ Hcp Zcn-{Z-bp-hm-hn-t\mSv ""Hcp Ccp-ºp-tam-Xn-c-sa-¶n-ep-ap-
≠m°q'' F∂v {]hm-N-I≥ D]-tZ-in-°p-I-bp-≠mbn. alv¿ ]W-am-bnØ-
s∂ -\evI-W-sa-∂n√. ]W-amhmw, ip≤n-bp≈ F¥p-amhmw F∂v {]hm-
NI hN-\-߃ {i≤n-®m¬ a\- n-emIpw. {]hm-N-Is‚ ImeØv \n¿Z-\-
\mb Hcp bphmhv "h[p-hn\v Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-∏n®psImSp°mw' F∂p ]d-™p-
sIm-≠mWv hnhmlw \n¿h-ln-®Xv. AXpw al-dmWv. a[p-hn[p Ign-™m¬
alvdns‚ DS-am-h-Imiw ]q¿W-ambn `mcy°v e`n-°p∂p. F∂m¬ AXn\v
apºv Xs∂ samgn -sNm-t√-≠n-h-cn-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ alv¿ Xncn-®p-\evIWw.
hnhm-l-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ kv{Xo°v\evIp∂ \nb-a-]-c-amb kpc-£n-X-Xz-amWv
alv¿.
Ckvemw kwkvIrXn DZm-Ø-amb ]Z-hn-bmWv kv{Xo°v \evInbn-´p-
≈Xv. hnhmlw Imc-W-ambn AXv Ipd-bp-∂n√. hnhm-l-I¿a-Øn¬ h[p-
hns‚ kΩXw apJy-L-S-I-amWv. hnhm-l-Øn\v apºv hc\v h[p-hn-s\bpw
h[p-hn\v hc-t\bpw I≠p t_m[y-s∏-tS-≠-XmWv. `mcy-bpsS Ah-Im-i-ß-
sf-°p-dn®v Hcn-°¬ {]hm-N-I≥ Cß-s\-b-dn-bn®p:
202 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw kmº-ØnI Imcy-Øn¬ kam-\X, ]n¥pS¿®m-h-Im-i-Øn¬ tIhe 203
\oXn
""\o Ign-°p∂ `£WwXs∂ Ahƒ°pw sImSp-°pI, \o [cn-°p∂ auenI {KŸ-ß-fp-ambn ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sm≥ XpS-ßn-b-t∏mƒ ChnsS {]N-cn-®p-
hkv{Xw Ahƒ°pw \evIpI.'' tI-´-sX√mw kXy-Øn¬\ns∂-{Xtbm AI-se-bm-sW∂v a\- n-embn.
AXn-\m-h-iy-amb am\-kn-I-`mhw kq£n-°p-hm≥ `¿Ømhv k∂-≤- Ckvem-ans‚ ho£-W-Øn¬, kv{Xo, _lp-`m-cyXzw, hnhm-l-tam-N\w ˛
\-m-bn-cn-°Ww F∂mWv {]hm-N-I-\p-t±-in-®Xv. Zmº-Xy-Po-hn-X-Ønse A`n- F∂n-h-bn¬ Ipsd-IqSn Kuc-h-]q¿hw {i≤n-®-t∏mƒ F∂n-ep-≠mb {]_e
∂X-bm-Wn-hnsS hnh£. Jp¿-B-\nse Nne samgn-ap-Øp-Iƒ khn-ti-j- -t_m[yw NphsS tN¿°p∂p.
amb {i≤-b¿ln-°p∂p: 1. Hcp aX-Xew F∂-\n-e-bn¬ temI-Øn-em-Zy-ambn kv{Xo hnπ-h-
""\n߃ kv{XoI-tfmSv G‰hpw \√ \ne°v s]cp-am-dpI''. (4:18) Øns‚ s]cp-º-d -ap-g-°n-bXv CkvemwkwkvIr-Xn-bmWv.
""\n߃ Xma-kn-°p-∂n-SØv Ah-sfbpw Xma-kn-∏n°pI''. (65:6) 2. GI `mcym-Xz-tØm-SmWv Ckvemw lrZ-bw-Kaamb BZ-chpw B`n-
""ho´p-Im-cn°v the-sN-bvXp-sIm-Sp-°¬ Hcp Zm\-amWv.'' ap-Jyhpw kq£n-°p-∂Xv.
""kv{Xo Hcp hf™ hmcn-sb-√p-sIm≠v \n¿Ωn-°-s∏-´-h-fmWv. AXn- 3. hnhml tamN-\sØ \s√mcp \S-]-Sn-bmbn Ckvemw AwKo-I-cn-
\m¬ \n\-°-hsf A\p-`-hn-°-W-sa-¶n¬ B hf-thmSv IqSn-Øs∂ A\p- °p-∂n√.
`-hn°mw. hfhv \nI-Øm≥ {ian-®mtem? \obXp s]m´n-®p-I-fbpw.'' kmam-\y-P\w hnNm-ci - o-ec- m-IW
- s
- a-∂n√. Ah¿ ]e-t{]-cW
- I
- f
- mepw
""Ah-cp-ambn \∑-bn¬ h¿Øn-°pI.'' \bn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cmWv. sNøp-∂Xpw ]d-bp-∂Xpw Fs¥∂v ]e¿°pw
""\nß-fn-ep-Øa≥ \nß-fpsS ho´p-Im-tcmSv G‰hpw DØ-a-ambn s]cp- Adn-bn√. AXn-\m¬ Ahsc ]gn-°p-∂-Xn-e¿Y-an√. ImcWw Ah¿ \-bn-
am-dp-∂h - \
- m-Ip∂p.'' °-s∏-Sp-∂-h-cmWv. (amIvknw-tKm¿°n-bpsS "s]mXp-P\w˛IgpX', F∂
""am\y-∑m-c-√msX `mcysb am\n-°p-∂n√.'' {]tbmKw ChnsS {it≤bw.)
]pcpj al-Xz-Øns‚ am\-Z-fi-ambn Ckvemw \n›-bn-°p-∂Xv `mcy- ap≥[m-c-W-I-fp-ambn {KŸsØ kao-]n-°p-∂-h-cp≠v. Ah¿ hnjb
tbm-Sp≈ s]cp-am-‰-co-Xn-bmWv. Ckvemw hnhm-l-Øns‚ ]hn-{X-X-bw-Ko-I- kap-{Z-Øn¬ kz¥w a\- nse thXm-f-ßsf {]Xn-_nw-_n-®p-ImWpw.
cn-°p∂p. Pohn-X-[¿aØns‚ ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Øn\v hnhmlw A\n-hm-cy-am- At∏mƒ Bg-°b - ß - f
- n¬ Ah-ÿm\w sNøp∂ kXyw ImWm≥ Ah¿°v
sW∂v Ckvemw- I-cp-Xp∂p. Ign-s™-∂p-h-cn√. Ah¿ ]q¿h- [m-c-W-I-fpsS ASn-a-I-fmWv. ^e-Øn¬
kuµ-cy-sØtbm Ipe-a-ln-a-tbtbm kmº-Øn-I-i-‡n-tbtbm ]cn- ChnsS hnNm-c-io-e-∑m-cmbn Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-hcpw hnNm-c-iq-\y-∑mcpw kam-
K-Wn-°msX [m¿an-I-X-tbbpw Bflo-b-X-tbbpw ap≥\n¿Øn `mcysb \-∑m-cm-bn-Øo-cp∂p. Ccp-´ns\ Ccp-´mbpw shfn-®sØ shfn-®-ambpw
Xnc-s™-Sp-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ hnhm-l-Øns‚ kZp-t±-iy-߃ k^-eo-I-cn-°- ImWm≥ Ign-bp-I-bm-Wn-hn-sS-bm-hiyw. \mw c≠-£cw ]Tn-®Xv IÆp-sX-
s∏-Sp-am-dmIp-sa∂v apl-ΩZv \_n ap∂-dn-bn∏v \evIn-bn-cp∂p. (apkvenw) fn-bm-\mWv. A£cw ]Tn-®n´pw IÆp-sX-fn-bp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ ImgvN-bn¬ sXfn-
kl-\hpw XymK-hp-amWv Zmº-Xy--Øns‚ hnP-b-c-lkyw. ]c-kv]-c- ®tam sXfn™ ImgvNtbm ssIh-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ ˛ A£-c-a-dn-bp-∂-h\pw
ap≈ \nc-¥-c-amb kvt\lm¿{Z- `m-h-ßfpw s]cp-am-‰hpw hgn hnhm-l- \nc-£-c\pw Xpey-cmIpw. A£-c-Øns‚ {]tbm-P\w ssIh-cn-°m≥ Nne
_‘w a\x-kzm-ÿy-Øn\v \nZm-\-ambnØocWw. ioe-߃ \Ω-f-\p-h¿Øn-°Ww.
""Ahs‚ ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn¬ H∂v CXm-Ip∂p: \nß-fn¬\n∂p-Xs∂ a\- ns‚ hmXm-b-\-߃
\n߃°mbn Ah≥ CW-Isf krjvSn®p. \n߃°v Bizm-kw- Xpd-∂n-Sp-I-bm-WmZyw th≠Xv.
Is≠Øm≥ th≠n. \n߃°n-S-bn¬ kvt\lhpw Imcp-Wyhpw P\-Øn\v ]ns∂ ap≥[m-c-W-Isf
Ah≥ sh°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Nn¥n°p∂ P\-Øn\v \n›-b-ambpw CXn¬ ASn-s®m-gn-°p-Ibpw thWw.
ZrjvSm-¥-߃ AS-ßn-bn-cn-°p∂p''. (30: 20) Adn-hns\ kao-]n-°p-∂Xv
""Ah-tcmSv (`mcy-am-tcmSv) \√ coXn-bn¬ s]cp-am-dp-hn≥. \n߃ tNmZyw sNbvXp-sIm-≠m-hWw.
Ahsc shdp-°p∂psh¶n¬Xs∂ A√mlp Gdn-b -\-∑-sh-®n-´p≈ H∂n- Adn-™Xv AwKo-I-cn-°p-hm-\p≈
s\-bmWv \n߃ shdp-°p-∂-sX-∂p-hcmw.'' (4: 20) a\ pw Bh-iy-amWv.
""IpSpw-_n-\n-I-tfmSv G‰hpw \∂mbn s]cp-am-dp∂hct{X \nß-fn¬ A\y-aX - ß
- s - f-°p-dn®v "apb¬s°mºn's‚ \ymb-amWv \mw kq£n®p
AXyp-Ø-a∑m¿''. (C_v\p-amP). t]mcp-∂Xv ˛ hnti-jn®pw lnµp apkvenw aX-hn-`m-K-߃ XΩn¬.
"sI´p-∂Xpw Agn-°p-∂Xpw CjvSw t]mse'˛ apk¬ams‚ IpSpw-_- AXp-hgn \Ωp-sSbpw IpSpw-_-Øn-s‚bpw
kw-kvImcw AYhm hnhm-l-kw-kvImcw AXm-sW∂ Hcp [mcW ChnsS kaq-l-Øn-s‚bpw a\- ns‚ BImiw
a‰p kap-Zm-b-߃°n-S-bn¬ hym]-I-ambn {]N-cn-®n-´p≠v. CXn¬]c-samcp Icn-¶mdv \nd-™n-cp-≠p-In-S-°p∂p.
{]mIr-X-t_m-[hpw A]-cn-jvIr-X k{ºZmbhpw as‰m-∂pt≠m F∂v kXyw ImWm\pw I≠Xv ]d-bm\pw
Fs‚ a\ v ]s≠ms° hnkva-bn-®n-´p≠v. CkvemwkwkvIr-Xn-bpsS \man∂v t]Sn-°p∂p.
204 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
kXy-Øns‚ am¿Kw ssZh-Øn-te-°p-≈-XmWv.
kXy-]Yw I≠p t]Sn-°p-∂-h¿°v
ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn-se-Øm≥ km[y-a√.
icWw sIm≈m≥ as‰mcp am¿K-hp-an√.
A\y-amb am¿Kß-sf√mw ]ng-hn-te-°p-≈-XmWv.
]nim-Nn-s‚-XmWv.
\ma-dn-bmsX \S-∂-Sp-°p-∂Xv
B hgn-I-fn-te-°mWv.
_lp-`m-cymXz k{º-Zm-b-Øn\v {]mcw-`-I-Xz-sa-Sp-ØXv Ckvem-am-
sW∂v t]mepw Nne-cn-hnsS [cn-®p-sh-®n-´-p≠v. hnhm-l-Øn\pw hnhm-l-tam-
N-\Ø- n\pw A\n-b{- ¥n-XXzw F∂ Acm-PI - m-hÿ
- b - mWv Ckvemw kwkvIr-
Xn°pw ico-AØn-\p-ap-≈-sX-∂m-W-h-cpsS hnizmkw.
Jp¿-B≥ Ah-Xo¿Wam-hp-∂X - n\v aptºXs∂ Atd-_n-bb - n¬ _lp-
`m-cymXzw hym]-I-am-bn-cp∂p. Pmln-enøm ImeØv C°m-cy-Ønepw Ad-_n-
Iƒ sd°m¿Uv t`Zn®p. BZy-Ime Ad-_n-I-fn¬ Nne¿°v ]Øv `mcy-am¿
hsc D≠m-bn-cp∂p.
_lp-`m-cymXzan√m-Xn-cp∂ ]m›m-Xy-\m-Sp-If - n¬ sh∏m-´n-If
- psS FÆw
Af-h-‰-Xm-bn-cp∂p. CXv kZm-Nm-c-Po-hn-X-Øn\v I\Ø BLm-X-am-bn-
h¿Øn®p. A\okv a≥kq¿ C∂v A¥m-cm-jv{S-X-e-Øn¬ Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂
Hcp ]{X-{]-h¿Ø-I-\mWv. At±lw A¬-Alvdmw ]{X-Ønse tImf-an-Ãm-
bn-cp∂p. A\o-kva≥kq¿ Cßs\ FgpXn (13.9.1973):
""{^©v cmjv{So-b-∏p-en-bmb tPm¿Pv ¢a≥skmsb (1841 ˛ 1929)
°pdn®v {^m≥kn¬ Hcp ]pkvXIw {]Im-in-X-am-bn-´p≠v. Htckabw Ccp-
]Xv t]tcmSv Ccp-]Xv hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°m≥ Ign-hp≈
sshNn{Xy-am¿∂ alm-{]-Xn-`-bm-bn-cp∂p ¢a≥skm. Cbmƒ°v 800 Imap-
In-amcpw, 40 A\-[n-IrX k¥m-\-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. F∂n´pw Ata-cn-°-
°m-cn-bmb Xs‚ `mcy Xs∂ h©n®p F∂-dn-™-am-{X-bn¬ Abmƒ
A¿[cm-{Xn-Xs∂ Fgp-t∂‰v sN∂v IX-Ip-Xp-d∂v \n{Zm-th-j-tØmsS
Ahsf sXcp-hn-en-d°n. kz¥w ico-c-Øn-\\p-h-Zn-®Xv a‰p-≈-h¿°v Cbm-
sf-¥n\v hne°n F∂v Bcpw hnkva-bn-®p-t]mIpw. F√m- sN-∂m-bv°-
tfbpw t]mse ¢a≥skmbpw kv{XoIsf G‰hpw IqSp-X¬ \nµn®p.
hnt\m-Zi- ø
- b
- n-em-bmepw tcmK-°n-S°
- b- n-em-bmepw Cbm-sf-t∏mse kv{Xosb-
∏‰n sXdnbpw B`m-khpw ]d™ a‰m-cp-an√. F∂n´pw {^©v cmPy-c-£m-
a{¥n Cbm-sf-∏‰n Hcp- {KŸw ]pd-Øn-d°n. ]m›m-Xy- t\-Xm-°ƒ Cbmsf
alm-∑m-cpsS ap≥\n-c-bn-se-Æp∂p. ImcWw Cbmƒ Hu]-Nm-cn-I-ambn
hnhmlw Ign-°msX hy`n-N-cn®p F∂-Xp-Xs∂!'' (CuPn-]vjy≥ {KŸ-Im-
c-\mb apl-ΩZ- p¬Kkm-en-bpsS ^∂p-±nIvdv hZvZpB F∂ {KŸ-Øn¬\n∂v
A\o-kv a≥kq¿ D≤-cn-®X.v) CXv hy`n-Nm-c-amWv, thiym-Xz-amWv. ChnsS
kv{Xo h©n-°-s∏-Sp∂p.
_lp-`m-cymXzw Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS krjvSn-b√. AXns‚
{]mZp¿`m-h-Øn\v aptº-Xs∂ temIØv _lp-`m-cymXzw \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂p.
""ssZhw Xs‚ P\-am-bn-Xn-c-s™-Sp-ØXv Xß-sf-bm-sW∂''`nam-\n-°m-
kmº-ØnI Imcy-Øn¬ kam-\X, ]n¥pS¿®m-h-Im-i-Øn¬ tIhe 205
\oXn
dp≈ blqZ hnizm-kn-I-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ t]mepw hnhm-l-°m-cy-Øn¬ \nb-
{¥-W-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. Ignhpw Icp-Øp-ap-s≠-¶n¬ F{X-bp-amImw F∂-
Xm-bn-cp∂p Ah¿°n-S-bn¬ \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂ \oXn. ss__n-fn¬ ]cm-ar-jvS-
cmb Zmhq-Zn\pw tkmf-a\pw \qdp-°W - °- n\v `mcy-am-cp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. {InkvXp-
aX hnizm-kn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ ASpØ Imew-hsc _lp-`m-cyXzw \ne-hn-ep-
≠m-bn-cp∂p F∂mWv Ncn-{X-Im-c-∑m¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-´p-≈Xv. AXncpw
FXn-cp-an-√mØ hn[w, No\-bn¬ \q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn XpS¿∂p-t]m∂ _lp-`m-
cy-Xz-Øns‚ _o`-’-Xbv°v t\sc Zm¿i-\n-I-\mb en≥ bpSmßv hnc¬
Nq≠p-I-bp-≠mbn. {Koknepw AXo-\n-bbnepw kv]m¿´-bn-ep-sa-√m-ap-≠m-
bn-cp∂ _lp-`m-cymXzw Imc-W-ambn IpSpw-_-Po-hnXwXs∂ hnd-ß-en®p
\nev°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v kmaq-lnIim-kv{X-Im-c-∑m¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
´p≠v. ]pcm-X\ `mc-X-Ønse ]e EjoKz-c-∑m¿°pw H∂n-tesd `mcy-am-cp-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂mWv ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-߃ {]tLm-jn-°p-∂Xv. N{I-
h¿Øn-am¿°n-hnsS ]´-a-ln-jnbpw a‰-t\Iw km[m-cW ]Xv\n-am-cp-ap≠m-
bn- c p∂p. _lp- ` m- c ymXzw A\p- h - Z - \ o- b - a m- s W∂v IuSn- e ys‚
A¿Yimkv{Xw hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p≠v. a\pkvar-Xnbpw At\Iw `mcymXzw
AwKo-I-cn-®n-´p≠v. \mSp-hm-gn-am¿°pw Xºp-cm≥am¿°pw cmtPm-Nn-X-amb
hnhm-l-_-‘-߃°p-]p-dta sImXn-®p-t]m-b-h-scsb√mw sI´n-kz-¥-am-
°p-∂Xv Hcp ]Xn-hm-bn-cp∂p. \ºq-Xn-cn-am¿°v kmap-Zm-bn-Imw-Ko-Im-c-Øn\v
hnt[-b-amb " thfn' °p]p-dsa a‰p-Pm-Xn-bn¬s∏-´-hsc "kΩ¥w sNbvXp
kpJn-°pI' Fs∂m-cp- kz-`m-hhp-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Fdn-™p-sIm-Sp-°p∂
\mW-b-Øp-´p-I-f-√msX cmP-t`m-Km-h-Imiw AØcw `mcy-am¿t°m Ah-
cn¬ ]nd-°p∂ k¥m-\-߃t°m e`n-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n√.
_lp-`m-cymXzw temI-sØßpw \ne-\n-∂n-cp∂p. F∂m¬ N¿®
sNø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ _lp-`m-cym-Xz-sa-∂Xv apk¬am-s‚ apJ-Øp≈ Hcp
IdpØ Ie-bm-bn-´mWv, ]e-cp-an∂pw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-dp-≈Xv. {]hm-N-I≥
t]mepw Atd-_n-b-bn¬ A∂v XpS¿∂p-t]m∂ kap-Zm-bm--Nm-c-a-\p-k-cn-
®mWv, hyXy-kvX-amb Dt±-iy-e-£y-ß-tfm-SvIq-Sn-bm-sW-¶nepw FÆ-Øn¬
IqSp-X¬ hnhmlw sNbvXXv. _lp-`m-cymXzw kw_-‘n®v shfn-]mSv Ah-
Xo¿W-am-hp-∂-Xn∂v apºm-WXv. AXp-t]mepw ssewKn-I-amb B{K-l-ß-
fpsS ]cn-i-a\w sh®p-sIm-≠√. kap-∂-X-amb am\-kn-I-]-cn-K-W-\-I-fpsS
XymtKm-÷z-e-amb apJ-am-W-h-bv°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv. Bbn-i-sbm-gn-®p-≈-h-
sc√mw Ai-c-Wtcm AK-Xn-Itfm hr≤-Itfm hn[-h-Itfm Bbn-cp∂p
F∂ bmYm¿Yyw Ae-£y-ambn, Ae-k-ambn ImtW≠ H∂√. A°m-
esØ Hcp alm-km-{am-Py-Øns‚ A\n-tj-[y-\mb Hc-[n-Im-cn°v Bscbpw
kz¥-am-°m-\p≈ kml-N-cy-ap-≠m-bn-´p-t]mepw t`mtK-—-bp-tS-sX-∂m-tcm-
]n-°p-hm≥ Ign-bp∂ t\¿Ø Hcp Ne\w t]mepw B h-cn-jvS-Po-hn-X-Øn¬
Z¿in-°m≥ Ign-™n√ F∂Xv \n m-c-a√. Hc¿Y-Øn¬ Xs‚ Xnf-°-am¿∂
Pohn-X-hr-Øn°v ssIh∂ ssZhnI-amb km[p-X-bmWv ]nev°m-eØv
shfn-]m-Sn-eqsS ssIh-∂Xv. aZo-\-bn¬ \n∂mWv _lp-`m-cymXzw kw_-
‘n-®- sh-fn-]m-Sp-≠m-bXv.
206 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
""A\m-Y-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ \n߃°v \oXn ]men-°m-\mhn-s√∂v
\n߃ `b-s∏-Sp-∂-]£w \n߃°v \∂m-bn-tØm-∂p∂ a‰p-kv{Xo-I-fn¬
\n∂v c≠v hoXtam aq∂v hoXtam \mep-hoXtam \n߃ hnhmlw
sNbvXpsIm≈pI. F∂m¬ \n߃°v \oXn ]men-°m-\m-hn-s√∂v \n߃
`b-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Hcp kv{Xosb am{Xw hnhmlwsNøpI. As√-¶n¬
\nß-fpsS A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈ ASn-a-I-fn¬\n∂v hnhmlw sNbvXp-sIm-
≈pI. \n߃ A\oXn {]h¿Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ G‰hpw ASpØ am¿Kw
AXmWv.''
_lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn\v th≠n shfn-]m-Sp-d™ - p-Xp-≈nb Bfm-bn-cp-∂n√
{]hm-N-I≥. {]XypX hniz-hym-]-I-ambn, A\n-b-{¥nX-ambn, {`m¥-ambn
XpS¿∂pt]m∂ At\I`mcym-XzsØ \nbawsIm≠v \nb-{¥n®v ]cn-[nbpw
D]m-[nbpw \n¿W-bn® hnπ-h-Im-cn-bmb Hcp kmaqlnI ]cn-jvI-¿Ømhm-
bn-cp∂p At±lw. Hcp {]tXyI kmaqlnI kml-N-cy-Øns‚ i‡-amb
kΩ¿Zw sIm≠mWv {]hm-N-I≥ \nb-a-߃°pw \n-_-‘-\-Iƒ°pw
hnt[-b-am-bn-´m-sW-¶n¬ t]mepw _lp-`m-cym-XzsØ kzoI-cn-°m≥ \n¿_-
‘-nX\m-bXv. B khn-ti-j-km-l-N-cy-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ thWw
_lp-`m-cymXzw kw_-‘n® {]hm-N-I-N-cy-sbbpw hN- p-I-sfbpw hne-
bn-cp-Øm≥. "\™pw \qep-an´v' sIWn-bn¬ s]Sp-Øm\pw hnizm-kn-I-fpsS
hwi-\miw hcp-Øm\pw IÆn-a-bv°msX {ian-®p-t]m∂ Jpssd-in-Iƒ \nc-
¥-c-ambn \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp∂ Iem-]-ß-fnepw bp≤-ß-fnepw hnizm-kn-
Iƒ hoc-ar-Xyp-hn-\n-c-bmbns°m≠n-cp∂ Imew ˛ aZo-\-bnse kXy-hn-izm-
kn-I-fn¬ ]pcp-j-{]-P-I-fpsS FÆw {it≤-b-amw-hn[w Ipd-™p-h∂ kml-
Ncyw ˛ hn[-h-I-fpsS FÆw IqSn-h∂p. Ip´n-Iƒ Gsd t]¿ A\m-Y-cm-bn-
Øo¿∂p. IpSpw-_-\m-Y-\n-√mØ hoSp-I-fpsS Zb-\o-b-amb tX߬ GXv
ImXp-Iƒ°pw tIƒ°m≥ Ign-bp-am-bn-cp∂p. ˛kaq-l-Øns‚ k¥p-en-Xm-
h-ÿbv°v tIm´w X´n-bn-cn-°p∂p. Cu kmlN-cy-Øn¬ kaq-ln-I-hy-
Ybv°v as‰mcp ]cn-lm-chpw ImWm-\m-hmsX {]hm-N-I≥ hnj-an®p. A\m-
Y-cmb kv{XoIƒ°v k\m-YXzw \evIm\pw kaq-l-Øns‚ kZm-Nm-c-\n-e-
hmcw XI¿∂p-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-°m\pw klm-b-I-am-Ip-amdv D]m-[n-Iƒ°pw
\nb-{¥-Wß - ƒ°pw hnt[-ba - mbn _lp-`m-cymXzsØ-bw-Ko-Ic - n-°m≥ {]hm-
N-I≥ \n¿_-‘n-X-\mbn. _lp-`m-cym-XzsØ a\- p-sIm-≠w-Ko-I-cn® Hcp
a\p-jy-\m-bn-cp-∂n√ {]hm-NI≥: Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp hn\-bmbn
am{Xw AwKo-Ic - n-t°-≠n-h∂- X - mWv. \nb-{¥-Wß - ƒ°pw \n_-‘\ - I
- ƒ°pw
hnt[-b-ambn _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øns‚ ]cn[n HXp°n\n¿Øm≥ Jp¿-B≥
\njvI¿jn-°p-Ib - p-≠mbn. _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn\v A\p-aXn sImSp-°p-tºmgpw
\nb-{¥-W-ta¿s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmgpw Xs‚ Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h-߃ {]hm-N-I\v
t{]c-I-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p F∂v Icp-tX-≠-Xn√. ]Xn-aq-t∂mfw hnhmlw \S-
tØ-≠n-h∂ - X- p-sIm≠v \nXy-ZpxJw kzbw hcn-t°-≠n-h∂ Hcm-fpsS Bflm-
em-]-a√ shfn-]m-Sn-eqsS A`n-hy-‡-am-°-s∏-´Xv. JZo-P-bpsS hntbmKw
hgn-bp-≠mb A\-ev]-amb ZpxJ-a-√msX {]hm-N-Is‚ Zmº-Xy-Po-hn-XsØ
Akz-ÿ-am-°nb as‰mcp Imc-W-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. {]hm-N-Is‚ Hmtcm
hnhm-l-Øn\pw al-Øcamb Htcm Dt±-iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Ah ]cm¿Yhpw
_lp-`m-cymXzw Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp hn\ 207
Poh-Im-cpWy {]h-W-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. A\m-YXzw, \n -lm-bX, Ac-£n-Xm-
hÿ, tcmKm-Xp-cXzw F∂nh ]cn-l-cn®v, Xs‚ `mcym-]-Z-Øn-en-cp∂ Hmtcm
kv{Xo°pw kzX-{¥hpw kam-\hpw \oXn-]q¿h-Ihpw kpc-£n-X-hp-amb
PohnXw kΩm-\n-°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p {]hm-N-Is‚ e£yw. Ah ]q¿W-
ambpw km£m-XvI-cn-°m≥ Ign™ Nmcn-Xm¿Yyw {]hm-N-I∂v [\yX-bm-
bn-amdn. Xß-fpsS PohnX c£-W-Øn-∂mbn Bfl-XymKw kln-°p∂ Hcp
henb a\p-jy-\mbn apl-ΩZv \_n `mcy-am-cpsS ap∂n¬ Po-hn®p. Ah-tcm-
tcm-t]cpw P∑-km-^-ey-a-S-™-h-cm-bn-cp∂p. hnhm-l-th-f-bnse hn`m-hnX
e£y-ß-sf√mw km[n® IrX-Ir-XyX B IpSpw-_-\m-Y-∂p≠m-bn-cp∂p.
""\n߃°v (`mcy-am¿°n-S-bn¬) \oXn-]m-en-°m-\m-hn-s√∂v \n߃
`b-s∏-Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Hcp kv{Xosb (am{Xw hnhmlw sNøpI.)'' (4:3)
_lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn\v Ckvemw \evIp∂ apJy-amb D]m-[n-bn-XmWv.
`mcy-am¿°n-S-bn¬ \oXn ]pe¿Øm≥ Ign-bp-∂n-s√∂ Bi-¶-bp-s≠-
¶n¬ Hcmƒ°v _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn\v A¿l-X-bn√ F∂mWv \n_-‘-\-
bpsS hnh£. A\o-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®m-i-¶-bp-s≠-¶n¬ Hcp `mcy-sb-s°m≠v
Xr]vXn-sIm-≈m≥ Hcmƒ \nbacoXym _m[y-ÿ-\mWv. \oXn-]m-en-°¬,
AXoh emL-h-tØmsS ssIImcyw sNøm-hp∂ H∂m-sW∂v Icp-Xp-∂-h-
tcmSv AXns‚ {ia-I-c-amb {]Ir-Xhpw Kuc-hhpw Jp¿-B≥Xs∂ t_m[y-
s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p≠v:
""kv{XoIƒ°n-S-bn¬ \oXn ImWn-°m≥ \n߃°v Ign-bp-∂-tX-b√,
\n߃ B{K-ln-®m¬Xs∂bpw.'' (4:129)
`mcy-tbmtSm Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_-tØmtSm kzi-co-c-tØmSvXs∂tbm
A\o-Xn-sN-bvXp-t]m-Ip-sa∂ `¿Øm-hns‚ Bi¶ CXns‚ ]cn-[n-bn¬hcpw.
Blmcw, ]m¿∏nSw, kl-hmkw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ Hcp cwKØpw A\o-X-
n h-t∂-°p-sa∂ Bi-¶-bp-≠m-h-cpXv. _lp-`m-cymXzw \nb-a-hn-cp-≤-am-
°m\pw GI-`m-cymXzw \njvI¿jn-°m\pw, `mcy-am¿°n-S-bn¬ A\oXn
kw`-hn-t®-°p-sa∂ Bi-¶ -am{Xw aXn F∂-XmWv Jp¿-Bs‚ kzcw.
\h-Xm-cpWyw Xnc-fp∂ ee-\ma-Wn-Isf A`n-K-an-°m-\p≈ AZ-ay-
amb sshIm-cnI hn{`-aw-sIm≠v hnNm-c-i‡n ac-hn® a\p-jy≥ "`mcy-
am¿°n-Sb - n¬ \oXn-]m-en-°p-I F∂-Xn¬ Akm-[m-cW- a
- mbn F¥n-cn-°p∂p'
F∂v IcpXn FSp-Øp-Nm-Sm-s\m-cp-ßp-tºmƒ ""\nß-fm-{K-ln-®m¬ t]mepw
km[y-a√'' F∂v Xm°oXv sNøp∂ Ckvemw _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn-\p-th≠n
hnizm-kn-Isf Ib-dqcn hn´n-cn-°p∂ Hcp Z¿i-\-th-Zn-bm-sW∂v B¿s°-
¶nepw ]d-bm-s\m-°ptam?
Jp¿-B-\nse 4:3, 4:29 kq‡-߃ H∏w tN¿Øp hmbn-®m¬ _lp-
`m-cym-Xz-tØmSv Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS a\-s -s¥-∂-dn-bm≥ Ffp∏w
Ignbpw.
Hcn-°epw Hcp kv{Xobpw lrZ-bw-sIm≠v k]-Xv\o-`mhw CjvS-s∏-Sp-
∂n√. Hcp `¿Øm-hn∂pw H∂n-e-[nIw t]sc Htct]mse kvt\ln-°m≥
km[y-a-s√∂ kXyhpw Ah¿ a\- n-em-°p∂p. F∂m¬ Nne Akm-[m-
cW kml-N-cy-ß-fp-≠v.
alm-bp≤w Imc-W-ambn Ht´sd sNdp-∏-°m¿ H∂n-®p-a-cn-°m-\n-S-h-
208 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
cp∂ kml-Ncyw AhnsS kaq-l-Øns‚ k¥p-en-Xm-hÿ XI-cm-dnemhpw.
[m¿anIØI¿®bpw AXp-hgn Acm-P-I-Xzhpw kw`-hn°pw.
Hc-\mY kv{Xo Hcp XpW-bv°p-th≠n sImXn°pw.
Hc-\mY Hcp k¥m-\-Øn-\p-th≠n tamln°pw.
Pohn-X-Øns‚ `{Z-Xbv°pw km`n-am-\-amb
kpc-£n-X-Xz-Øn-\pw-th≠n Hcp kv{Xo ]pcp-js‚
Iq´mbvabm{Kln°pw.
`mcy \nXy-tcm-Kn-Wn-bm-bn-∏-cn-W-an®
lX-`m-Ky-∑m-cmb `¿Øm-°≥am-cp-≠mhmw.
Nne Imc-W-ß-fm¬ [¿a-I¿a-߃ sNøm≥
`mcy°v Ign-bmsXhcp∂p F∂p-hcmw.
(PohnX [¿aw \n¿h-ln-°m-\m-h-iy-amb
F√m ss\k¿KnI hnIm-c-ßfpw ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn
]cn-ip-≤hpw am\y-hp-am-sW∂pw Ahsb
th≠-hn[w Xr]vXn-s∏-Sp-tØ-≠-Xm-sW∂pw
Ckvemw Icp-Xp∂p.)
amdm-hym[n ]nSn-s]´v `mcy Zm-º-Xy-]-c-amb
_m≤y-X-Iƒ \n¿h-ln-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-fmbn
amdn F∂p-hcmw. `¿Øm-hns‚ ]cn-N-c-W-a-S°w
Xs‚ [¿aamb Krl-`-cWw \S-Øm\pw
Ahƒ°v km[n-°msXhcp∂p.
Hcp Ip™ns\ {]k-hn®v `¿Øm-hns‚
Ic-ß-fn-te-ev]n®v IpSpw-_sØ [\y-am-°m≥
Ign-bmØ Ah-ÿ-bn-te°v `mcy \n -lm-b-bmbn
hoWp-I-gn™p F∂pw-hcmw.
tcmKm-Xp-c-bmb `mcysb ]cn-N-cn-°m≥
Xm≥ Xs∂ ]q¿Wambpw Dgn-™p-sh-°-s∏-SWw
F∂ imTyw Hcp `¿Øm-hn-\p-≠m-bn-°q-sS-∂n√.
tcmK-hn-h-i-bmb `mcysb \ncm-ew-_-bmbn
]pdw X≈m≥ `¿Ømhv Xøm-d√.
`mcysb ip{iq-jn®v Krl-`-cWw \S-Øm≥
kzbw Dgn-™p-sh-°-s∏-´m¬
kaq-l-Øn¬ Xm≥ sNøm≥ _m[y-X-s∏´
ssZh-am¿K-Ønse hrØn-I-sf√mw XS-b-s∏Spw.
Zmº-Xy-kpJw ]cn-Xy-Pn®v, tcmK-hn-h-i-bmb
Xs‚ `mcysb ]cn-N-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬
\n¿hr-Xn-sIm-≈m-sa∂v Icp-Xn-bmepw
k¥-Xyp¬]m-Z\w km[n®v
IpSpw-_-[¿aw \n¿h-ln-°m≥ Ign-bmsXhcpw.
CsX√mw I≠pw ac-hn®pw Xs‚
lX-`mKym-h-ÿ-bn¬ thZ-\n-®p-I-gn-bp∂
kvt\l-a-bn-bmb `mcy ]p\¿hn-hm-l-Øn\v
_lp-`m-cymXzw Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp hn\ 209
kz`¿Øm-hns\ \n¿_-‘n®p F∂pw-hcmw.
`¿Ømhv ]p\¿hn-hmlw \S-ØmØXv Xs‚
a\ v t\mhp-sa∂ Bi-¶-sIm-≠m-sW-∂p-IqSn
a\- n-em-°p∂ `mcysb tcmK-ssh-h-iy-sØ-°m-tfsd
Ae-´p-∂Xv `¿Øm-hns‚ GIm-¥-Xbpw
\n -lm-b-Xbpw Bfl-Xym-K-{]-h-Wamb A¿∏-Whp-˛
amW-∂v a\- n-em-°p∂ `mcy-bpsS
\nd™ IÆp-Iƒ Ah-K-Wn-°-m\m-hmØ
t{]c-W-bm-bn-Øocmw.
CØcw Akm-[m-cW kml-N-cy-߃ `¿Øm-hns\ _lp-`m-cym-Xz-
Øn-te°v \bn-®p-Iq-sS-∂n√.
A∂pw C∂pw F∂pw P\-kw-Jy-bn¬ IqSp-X¬ kv{XoI-fm-bn-cp∂p.
]I¿®-hym[n, Iem-]-߃, alm-bp-≤-߃˛Ch-bpsS ^e-ambn ]pcp-
j≥am-cpsS AwK-kwJy Xmc-X-tay\ Ipd-bp∂p. BI-kvan-I-am-sW-¶nepw
kv{XoI-fpsS AwK-kwJy B\p-]m-Xn-I-ambn hfsc Db¿∂p-\n-ev°p∂p.
CØ-c-samcp kml-N-cy-Øn¬ Hcp ]pcp-j\v Hcp kv{Xo F∂ \nba
\njvI¿j {]tbm-K-Øn-ep-s≠-¶n¬ \nc-h[n kv{XoIƒ Ahn-hm-ln-X-I-
fmbn Ign-tb-≠n-hcpw; A\m-Y-I-fm-bn-Øo-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. Af-h‰ A\m-
YXzw A\n-b-{¥n-X-amb PohnX kml-N-cy-ß-fn-te°v kv{Xosb X≈n-bn-
s´-∂pw-hcpw. k¿h-Po-hn-km-[m-c-W-amb ssewKn-Im-k‡n Ahsf hgn-sX-
‰n®p F∂p-whcmw. AXv kaq-l-k-Zm-Nm-c-Øn-s‚bpw kwkvImc-Øn-s‚bpw
Nn-{X-X-e-ßsf hnIr-X-am°pw. kz¥-ambn Ip´n-I-fp-≠m-hpI, Ahsc
hf¿Øn kmbq-Py-a-S-bpI-˛Ch a\p-jy-k-l-P-amWv. kwkvIm-c-Øn-s‚bpw
kml-N-cy-Øn-s‚bpw i‡-amb HXp-°n-∏n-Sn-°¬ ImcWw Ah-sb√mw
lrZ-bØ - n-ea- ¿Ø-s∏´ hnIm-cß - f
- mbn, {Ia-Øn¬ tZmj-Im-cn-If- mbn, at\m-
tcm-K-ß-fmbn ]cn-W-an°pw. CØ-c-sam-c-km-[m-cW kµ¿`-Øn¬, Hc-f-
hn¬ kao-]n-°m≥ ]‰p∂ [m¿an-Ihpw BZ-c-Wo-b-hp-amb ]cn-lm-c-am¿K-
amWv _lp-`m-cymXzw. ""h‘ytam Zp¿am¿K Pohn-X-tam -\-bn®v hnhm-l-
Øns‚ \nb-a-]-chpw {]Ir-Xn-]-c-hp-amb Dt±iyw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn-
s\°mƒ aX-Øns‚ ho£-W-Øn¬ t{ijvTw _lp-`m-cym-Xz-at{X. _lp-
`m-cym-Xz-Øn-\\- p-aXn \evIp-Ibpw AtXm-sSm∏w GI-`m-cym-XzsØ t{ijvT-
ambn KWn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-I-bt{X Ckvem-anI kao-]\w.''
ssewKn-Im-k-‡nsb ]nSn-®p-\n¿Øm≥ Ign-bm-Ø-h-cp-≠mhmw.
sshIm-cnI Pohn-X-Ønse Akw-Xr]vXn krjvSn-°p∂ A\m-im-ky-X-I-
fn¬\n∂v Ahsc c£-s∏-Sp-Øp-hm≥ {]mtbm-Kn-Ihpw [m¿an-I-hp-amb ]cn-
lm-c-am¿K-ambn _lp-`m-cymXzw Hc-f-hn¬ \ymbo-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. A∂n-e-
bn¬ Ah¿°v _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn-\-\p-hmZw sImSpØp. Akm-[m-cW
kml-Nc - y-ßsf A`n-ap-Jo-Ic - n-t°-≠n-hc - p∂-h¿°pw, AXn-∂h
- k- cw \evIn.
"Ah-Im-i-ap≈ A[n-Ir-X-`mcy,' F∂ ]Z-hnbpw ]cn-K-W-\bpw GXv
kml-N-cy-Ønepw kv{Xo°v e`n-°Ww F∂v Ckvemw A`n-e-jn-°p∂p.
ssewKn-Im-k‡n Acm-P-I-Xz-Øn-te°pw arKo-b-X-bn-te°pw \bn-°m-Xn-
cn-°pI F∂-XmWv _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn\v \nb-a-km-[pX \evIpI hgn
210 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Ckvemw km[n-°p-∂Xv. Atd-_y-bn¬ A°mew hsc-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂ Af-
h‰ At\I `mcymXzw F∂ Zpc-h-ÿbv°v ]cn[n \n¿W-bn°p-Ibpw
\oXn\n-jvI¿jn-°W - s- a-∂p-d∏
- p-hc
- pØn \nb-{¥-Wt- a¿s∏-Sp-Øp-Ib
- p-amWv
Ckvemw sNøp-∂Xv.
_lp-`m-cymXzw, Nne {]tXyI ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-I-fn¬ AXy-]q¿h-ambn
am{Xw A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xm-sW-¶n¬ AØ-c-sam-∂n-s\-°p-dn®v Io¿Øn-
°msX, Ckvem-ans‚ a\x-km-£n-°-\p-k-cn®vXs∂ Cu hnj-b-Øn¬
au\w `Pn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂nt√ `wKn F∂v tNmZn-°p-∂-h-cp≠v. AXn-\p≈
adp-]Sn CXmWv:
Ckvemw Hcp ka{K PohnX Z¿i-\-am-Wv.
ka{K {]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-im-kv{X-hp-amWv.
A∂n-e-bn¬ AXn∂v ]q¿W-X-thWw.
Pohn-X-Ønse F√m ka-ky-Iƒ°pw
AXv DØcw \evIWw.
_lp-`m-cymXzw hgn Ckvemw kv{XoI-fpsS Xpeym-h-Im-isØ \ntj-
[n-°p∂p F∂mWv Nne-cpsS hna¿iw. F∂m¬ _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn-eqsS
Ckvemw kv{XobpsS Xpeym-h-Im-isØ AwKo-I-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-´p-
≈Xv. GI-`m-cymXzw ASn-t®-ev]n-°p∂ Hcp kaq-l-Øn¬ kv{XoIƒ°v
A\p-`-hn-t°-≠n-h-cp∂ IjvS-∏m-Sp-I-fp-ambn Xpe\w sNøp-tºmƒ _lp-
`m-cymXzw sh®p-]p-e¿Øp∂ kaq-l-Øn-ep≈ Ah-cpsS hnj-a-X-Iƒ
eLp-hmWv. _lp-`m-cymXzw \ntcm-[n® kaq-l-ß-fn-sem∂pw AXv hnP-
b-{]-Z-am-bn´ns√∂ hkvXp-X-bpw \ΩpsS hnNn-¥-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-h-Ww.
C¥y-bn¬ kºq¿W \ntcm-[-\-\n-baw \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn´pw _lp-`m-cym-Xz-
Øns‚ A\p-]mXw apkvenw-I-fn-se-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ lnµp-°-fn-em-sW∂v
\yqZ¬ln-bnse cPn-kv{Sm¿ P\-d¬ B‚v sk≥kkv IΩo-j≥ Hm^v
C¥y-bpsS dnt∏m¿´n¬ ]d-bp∂p.
Hcm-bncw lnµp-°-fn¬ Ggp-t]¿ _lp-`m-cy--cmWv. _lp-`m-cymXzw
\ntcm-[n® kaq-l-ß-fn-e-[n-Ihpw ^e-Øn¬ cl-ky-_-‘-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw
Pmc-k-º¿°-ß-fn-eq-sSbpw H∂n-e-[nIw kv{XoI-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-Sp-∂-h-
cmWv. Ahn-S-ß-fn¬ hy`n-Nm-c-ßfpw hnhm-tl-Xc _‘-ßfpw Pohn-X-
Øns‚ apJ-ap-{Z-bmbn amdn-°-gn-™n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. Ata-cn-°-bn¬ 90%
]pcp-j-∑mcpw 50% kv{XoIfpw hnhm-l-Øn-\p-apºv ssewKnI _‘-Øn-
te¿s∏-Sp-∂-h-cmWv. Ata-cn-°≥ kvIqfp-I-fn¬ K¿`-\n-tcm-[\ Dd-Iƒ
Ip´n-Iƒ°v kuP-\y-ambn hnX-cWw sNbvXp-h-cp∂p. ssewKnI _‘-
Øn-te¿s∏-Sp-tºmƒ K¿`-\n-tcm-[\ Dd-Iƒ D]-tbm-Kn-°-W-sa∂ ]c-ky-
hm-N-I-߃ Ip´n-Isf BI¿jn-°p-hm≥ kvIqfp-I-fn¬ {]Z¿in-∏n-°m-dp-
≠t{X. {_n´-\n¬ 90% ]pcp-j≥amcpw Hc-f-hn¬ `mcy-amsc ]c-kv]cw
ssIam-dp-∂-h-cmWv. AhnsS h¿j-Øn¬ Hcp e£Øn Fgp-]-Ø-øm-bncw
K¿`-On-{Z-߃ \S-°p∂p. {]Xn-h¿jw Fgp-]-Xn-\m-bncw Ahn-hm-ln-X¿
AΩ-am-cm-bn -am-dp∂p. {_n´-\nse Ip´n-I-fn¬ ap∏-Øn-b-©p-i-X-am\w Pmc-
k-¥-Xn-I-fm-sW∂v Ahn-SsØ HutZym-KnI IW-°p-Iƒ kqNn-∏n-°p∂p.
C¥y-bn¬ apºm-bn¬am{Xw ]Xn-\m-bn-c-Øn-e-[nIw thiym-e-b-ß-fp-s≠-
_lp-`m-cymXzw Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp hn\ 211
∂mWv IW°v. KpP-dm-Øn¬ Ipd-®p-Im-e-tØ-°p-am{Xw IqsS-Øm-a-kn-
°m-\-\p-h-Zn-°p∂ "ssa{Xo Icm¿' F∂ k{º-Zmbw \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-
t]mepw. IpØ-gn™ ssewKn-I-th-gvN-bpsS ^e-ambn FbvUvkv F∂ amc-
I-tcmKw a\p-jysc Im¿∂p-Xn-∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p-I-bmWv. _lp-`m-cymXzw
\ntcm-[n® ]e kaq-l-ß-fnepw kv{Xo-I-fpsS kwJym _lpXzw {]iv\-
߃ krjvSn-®n-´p≠v. _lp-`m-cymXzw A\n-hm-cy-am-°p∂ ]cn-Xx-ÿn-Xn-I-
fn¬ Ckvemw Xpey-\o-Xn \n¿_-‘-am°n H∂n-e-[nIw `mcy-amsc kzoI-cn-
°m≥ A\p-hmZw \evIp-tºmƒ _lp-`m-cymXzw \ntcm-[n® kaq-l-߃
A[m¿an-I-hpw kwkvIm-c- c-ln-Xhpw Akm≥ am¿Kn-I-hp-amb ]ckv{Xo
Ka-\-ßsf ]tcm-£-ambn t{]m’m-ln-∏n-°p-I-bmWv sNøp-∂Xv. X∑q-ew-
kw-kvIm-c-Øn\pw \mK-cn-I-Xbv°pw [¿a-Øn\pw t\cn-Sp∂ \mi-\-jvS-
߃ _lp-`m-cymXz k{º-Zm-bw-sIm-≠p-≈-Xn-s\-°mƒ ]Xn-∑-Sßv h¿≤n-
®-Xm-sW∂v ]m›m-Xy-\m-Sp-I-fnse ]T-\-߃ \ap°v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-
cp∂p. kaq-l-Øns‚ `{Z-Xbv°pw [m¿anI ]cn-ip-≤n°pw I¿°-i-amb
GI `mcym-Xz-sØ-°mƒ DØaw \nb-{¥n-X-amb _lp-`m-cymXzwXs∂-
bmWv.
F∂m¬ _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn\v {]hm-N-I≥ hc-®p-Im-´nb BZ¿i-]-c-
amb AI-°m-ºn-s√-¶n¬ AXv AXoh A\¿∞-Im-cn-bmbn ]cn-W-an-°p-sa-
∂Xv Ahn-X¿°n-X-amWv. D]m-[n- a-d∂v \mev `mcy-am-cmImw F∂ \n¿tZiw
am{X-a-\p-k-cn-®m¬ _lp-`m-cymXzw Chn-sS-sbmcp kmaq-ly- hn-\-bmbn ]cn-
W-an-°p-sa∂pw kv{Xo kzmX{¥yw l\n-°-s∏-Sp-sa∂pw a\- n-em-°m≥
Ign-bWw.
{]mNo\ Atd-_y-bpsS ]cn-Xx-ÿn-XnI-fn¬\n∂v kv{XoIsf tamNn-
∏n-°m\pw Ahsc kwc-£n-°m-\p-ap≈ {ia-Øns‚ `mK-am-bn-cp∂p \nb-
{¥n-X-amb _lp-`m-cymXzw. ]pXnb Imem-h-ÿ-bn-en∂v AXns‚ {]k‡n
]g-bX - p-t]mse sXfn-™p-Im-Wp-∂pt≠m F∂ hntim-[\w ÿm\-ØmWv.
[m¿an-I-amb ]cn-thjw \jvS-s∏-Sp-Ibpw ]pXnb kmaqlnI kml-N-cy-
Øn¬ {]k‡n Ipd-™p-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p-s≠-¶n¬ _lp-`m-cymXzw
]p\x-]c - n-tim-[\
- bv°v hnt[-ba
- m-°m≥ kXy-hn-izm-kn-Iƒ k∂-≤a- m-hWw.
kaq-l-Øns‚ hf¿®-bv°-\p-k-cn®v Xe-s]m-°p∂ {]iv\-߃ t\cn-Sp-∂-
Xn\v Jp¿-B-s‚bpw kp∂-Øn-s‚bpw shfn-®-Øn¬ D]-\n-b-a-߃ \n¿an-
°m\pw Imtem-Nn-X-amb ]cn-jvIm-c-߃ hcp-Øm\pw km[n-°Ww. ASn-
ÿm\ Z¿i-\-ß-fn¬ Aev]w-t]mepw hn´p-hogvN hcp-ØmsX D]-\n-b-a-ß-
fm-cNn-°m≥ ]e apkvenw cmPy-ßfpw apt∂m-´p-h-∂n-´p≠v. Aß-s\-bmWv
kndnb, samtdmt°m F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ Hcmƒ Xs‚ c≠mw hnhm-l-Øn-\p-
apºv kmº-ØnI hnj-b-ß-fn-se¶nepw `mcy-am¿°n-S-bn¬ Xpey-\oXn Dd-
∏p-h-cp-Øm≥ kmº-ØnI ÿnXn tImS-Xnsb t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂v
\n¿tZ-in-°-s∏-´Xv. c≠mw hnhm-l-Øn\v BZy-`m-cy-bpsS A\p-a-Xn-bm-h-iy-
am-sW∂ D]m-[n-bm-hn-jvI-cn-®p-sIm-≠mWv ]m°n-ÿm-\n¬ _lp-`m-cym-
Xz-\n-b-asØ \ho-I-cn-®Xv.
1943˛¬ kpss_-Zbpw `¿Ømhv k¿Zm¿jmbpw XΩn-ep-≠mb Hcp
tIkn¬ ""Hcp-h∂v Cu \mep `mcy-am¿°n-S-bn¬ \oXn-]p-e¿Øm≥ Ign-bp-
212 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
∂n-s√-¶n¬, Abmƒ°v H‰- `m-cysb am{Xsa hnhmlw Ign-°m≥ ]mSp≈q''
F∂v emtlm¿t°m-SXn hn[n {]kvXm-hn-®Xv Jp¿-B-\nI imk-\-Øns‚
A¥x-kwkvIm-csØ Ah-ew-_n-®p-sIm-≠mWv.
Ckvemw auen-I-ambn AwKo-I-cn-®Xv GI `mcym-Xz-amWv. F¶nepw
\mK-cn-Ihpw kZm-Nm-c-]-c-hp-amb Imc-W-ß-fm¬ H∂n-tesd `mcy-amsc
kzoI-cn-t°-≠n-h-cp-∂Xv A\n-hm-cytam A\p-t]-£-Wo-btam Bbn-Øo-
cp∂ kml-N-cy-߃ a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-Øn¬ D≠m-bn-°q-sS-∂n√. bi»-co-
c-\mb kn.F≥. Al-ΩZv aue-hn-bpsS Hcp ]cm-a¿iw ChnsS {it≤-b-
amWv:
Hcp-]o-Sn-I-t°m-em-bn¬ ad-®p-sI-´n -Xm-a-kn-°p∂ Hcp bphm-hn-\p-
t]mepw G‰hpw Npcp-ßn-bXv ]Øp-]-hs‚ B`-c-Whpw ]Xn-\m-bncw
cq]bpw sImSp-°Ww. Cs√-¶n¬ Ah≥ Hcp s]Æns\ hnhmlw Ign-°n√.
amXm-]n-Xm-°-fm-Is´, Hcp s]Æns\ F{X-Imew kq£n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn°pw!
Aßs\ s\Sp-ho¿∏n´v sh¥p-\o-dp∂ lrZ-b-tØmsS Zo¿L-Imew \c-In-
°p∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°sf Hcp hnhm-ln-X≥ kao-]n-°p∂p. aIsf c≠mw
`mcy-bmtbm aq∂mw `mcy-bmtbm kzoI-cn-®p-sIm≈mw. ]Whpw ]≠-ß-fp-
am-h-iy-an√ F∂p ]d-bp∂p. a\-an-√m-a-\-t msS s]Æpw c£n-Xm-°fpw
kΩ-Xn-°p∂p. _lp-`m-cym-Xz-Øn\v aX-]-c-amb AwKo-Im-c-ap-s≠-∂-h¿°-
dnbmw. Xpey-\o-Xn-bpsS {]tbm-K-Xew sshIn-bt√ a\- n-em-°m≥ Ignbq.
IeymWw k¿hk-Ω-X-ambn \S-Ø-s∏-Sp∂p. Aß-s\-bmWv _lp-`m-cym-
Xz-ßt- fsdbpw \S-∏n¬h-cp-∂Xv. Nne-t∏mƒ hcp-∂h - s‚ ]Ww-I≠v tamln-
®n-´p-amhmw. ChnsS Ckvemwico-A-Øns\ ]gn-°p-∂-Xn-e¿Y-an√. Imcy-
Øns‚ Xncn-°-√n-√mWv hnc¬sh-t°-≠Xv. {]iv\w amdn-°m-Wm-\m-
flm¿Yambn B{K-ln-°p-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Cu kmaq-lnI -km-l-N-cy-sØ-
bmWv amt‰-≠Xv. aX-kw-L-S-\-Iƒ, kmwkvIm-cnI ÿm]-\-߃, cmjv{So-
b-I-£n-Iƒ, alnfm {]ÿm-\-߃ apt∂m-´p-h-cWw. kv{Xo[\w tNmZn-°p-
∂-hsc am{X-a-√, AXp-ambn ]tcm-£-_‘w kq£n-°p∂h-sc-t∏mepw
Xß-fpsS kwL-S-\-bn¬ {]th-in-∏n-°n-s√∂v ]d-bm≥ kwL-S\m t\Xr-
Xz-߃ k∂-≤-am-hWw. kv{Xo[\w sImSp-°p-I-bn√; hmßp-I-bn√ F∂v
"]men-°-s∏-Sm-\p≈ {]Xn-⁄ -h-cn-°m≥' bph-P\w Xøm-dm-IWw. _lp-
`m-cymXzw GXv kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv Jp¿-B≥ A\p-h-Zn-®-sX∂v ]d-bp∂
\memw A[ym-b-Ønse \memw hmIy-Øns‚ AI-°m-º-dn-bpI. B hmIy-
a-√msX _lp-`m-cym-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®p ]d-bp∂ as‰mcp hmIyhpw Jp¿-B-\n-
en√.
""A\m-Y-I-fpsS Imcy-Øn¬ \n߃°v \oXn-]m-en-°m-\m-hn-s√∂v
\n߃ `b-s∏-Sp∂ ]£w \n߃°v \∂m-bn -tXm-∂p∂ c≠p-ho-
Xtam, aq∂p-ho-Xtam \mep-ho-Xtam \n߃ hn-hmlw sNbvXp-sIm-
≈pI. F∂m¬, \n߃°v \oXn ]men-°m-\m-hn-s√∂v \n߃ `b-s∏-
Sp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ Hcp kv{Xosb (am{Xw hnhmlw sNøpI.) As√-¶n¬
\nß-fpsS A[o-\-X-bn-ep≈ ASn-a-I-fn¬\n∂v (hnhmlw sNbvXp-
sIm-≈pI). \n߃ A\oXn {]h¿Øn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ G‰hpw
ASpØ(am¿Kw) AXmWv.'' (4:4)
_lp-`m-cymXzw Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp hn\ 213
34
XzemJv:
A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fn¬
Gsd shdp-°p-∂Xv
`u XnI {]tem-`-\-߃°v am{Xw hiw-h-Z-cmbn CWsb kzoI-cn-°p-∂Xv
hn]¬°-ca - m-sW∂pw a\:kwkvIc - W
- hpw Bflo-ba - mb khn-ti-jX- I
- fpw
hnhm-l-th-f-bn¬ \ΩpsS ]cn-K-W-\bv°v hnt[-b-am-h-W-sa∂pw Jp¿-B≥
I¿i-\-am-b-\p-im-kn-°p-∂p≠v.
\s√mcp IpSpw-_-Øns‚ ASn-∏-Shv F∂ \ne-bn-emWv hnhmlw ]cn-
ip-≤-I¿a-am-Ip-∂Xv. a\p-jy≥ A]q¿W\mWv. sX‰p-Ip-‰-߃ kl-P-hp-
amWv. B \ne-bn¬ a\pjy{]Ir-Xn-bpsS ]cn-an-Xn-I-sfbpw Zp¿_e-X-I-
sfbpw Ckvemw ]cn-K-Wn-®n-´p≠v. Ahn-sSbpw Ckvemw {]mtbm-Kn-I-amb
Hcp kao-]-\-am-W-h-ew-_n-®n-´p-≈Xv. hy‡n IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-ß-fn¬ F¥v
kw`-hn-®mepw A£-¥hyw F∂p ]d-bm-hp∂ A]-cm-[-߃ GsX-¶nepw
`mK-Øp-≠m-bmepw ]c-kv]c _‘-Øns‚ Bfl-h-Øbv°pXs∂ t]md-
te-‰mepw kam-[m\ ]q¿Whpw ku`m-Ky-{]h-W-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øn\v Xß-
fpsS _‘w XpS-cp-∂Xv hn]-Øm-sW∂v t_m[y-s∏-´mepw Agn-®p-am-‰m≥
]mSn-√m-Ø-XmWv Zmº-Xy-_‘w F∂ kao-]\w Ckvemw kq£n-°p-
∂n√. hnhm-l-_‘w inYn-e-am-hmsX i‡hpw `{Z-hp-ambn XpS-c-W-
sa∂pXs∂-bmWv Ckvemw B{K-ln-°p-∂-sX-¶nepw Nne kml-N-cy-ß-
fn¬ hnhm-l-tam-N\w A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-Øo-cp∂p F∂v Ckvemw kwkvIr-
Xn-b-dn-bn-°p∂p. F∂m¬, as‰mcp t]mwh-gn-bp-an-s√∂ \n -lm-b-X-bpsS
Ah-km-\sØ \nan-jØ - nte hnhm-lt- am-N\
- s
- Ø-°p-dn-t®m¿°mhq F∂pw
Jp¿-B≥ A`n-ejn-°p-∂p≠v. kl-\hpw hn´p-ho-gvNbpw ]c-am-h[n {]tbm-
Kn-°m≥ Ccp-]-£hpw {i≤n-°Ww. Ah-c-n cphcpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-´m¬ Ccp-]-
£-sØbpw {]Xn-\n-[n-Iƒ _‘-ap-‡n-sbm-gn-hm-°m≥ a\-t msS ]cn-{i-
an-°Ww. Ahn-sSbpw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ am{Xsa hnhm-l-tam-N-
214 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
\-Øn\v Xocp-am-\n-°mhq. At∏mgpw Hcp-]m-[n- ]m-en-®n-cn-°Ww. hnhml
thf-bn¬ `¿Ømhv `mcy°v \evInb al-dS- °w H∂pw `¿Ømhv Xncn®phmß-
cpXv. hnhm-lt- am-N\
- Ø
- n-∂p≈ {ia-߃ ]cy-hk - m-\n-°p-∂X - p-hsc `mcy°p
th≠ kakvX ]cn-c-£-Ifpw sNøm≥ `¿Ømhv Npa-X-e-s∏-´-h-\mW.v Hcp
]t£ Cu kµ¿`-am-Ip-tºmtg°pw sX‰n-≤m-c-W-I-sfm-gn™v ]p\-ssc-Iy-
Øn\v `mcym `¿Øm-°-∑m¿ k∂-≤-cm-hp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ ssZh-Øns‚
hc{]kmZw Ahn-sS-b-h¿°v e`n-°p∂p F∂mWv Ckvemw kwkvIrXn
{]tLm-jn-°p-∂Xv. hnhm-lt- am-N\ - ta am¿Kap≈q F∂p tXm∂p∂ kµ¿`-
Øn¬ AX-\p-h-Zn-®p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂ ""\n߃°-\p-h-Zn-°-s∏-´n-cn-°p∂
Imcy-ß-fn¬ ssZh ZrjvSn-bn¬ G‰hpw shdp-°-s∏-´Xv hnhm-l-tam-N-\-am-
Ip∂p'' F∂v A\p-kvacn-∏n-°m\pw {]hm-N-I-s\m-cp-ßp-∂p≠v.
hnhm-l-tam-N\w(XzemJv) Ckvemw Bhn-jvI-cn® Hcp ]pXnb Bi-
b-a√. ]gb kaq-l-ß-fn¬ Cu k{º-Zmbw hfsc hym]-I-ambn \ne-\n-∂n-
cp-∂-Xmbn ImWmw. ]pcpj ta[m-hn-Xz-Øns‚ Ime-am-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ ]pcp-
js‚ i‡nkzc-ß-fmWv hnhm-l-tam-N-\-°m-cy-Ønepw apg-ßn-t°ƒ°m-
dp-≈Xv. \n m-c-Im-cy-߃°v t]mepw hnhml_‘wth¿s]-Sp-Øn-t∏m∂
A\p-`-h-߃ A∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. PqX-aX \nb-a-߃ {]Nm-c-Øn¬ h∂-
t∏mƒ sNdp-sX-¶nepw Bim-ky-amb Nne am‰-ß-fp-≠mbn. hy`n-Nmcw,
h‘yX, imco-cn-Ihpw kz`m-h-]-c-hp-amb Imcy-߃ F∂n-hbv°v hnhm-l-
tam-N\w A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sW∂v PqX-aXw \n¿tZ-in-®p. ]›m-Ø-]n® a\-
 n\v am∏p-s≠∂ {InkvXob aX-Z¿i\w hnhmltamN-\sØ Hc-f-hn¬
HXp-°n-s°m-≠p-h-cm≥ klm-b-I-am-bn-cp∂p.
Ckvem-anI Z¿i\w hnhml tamN-\-°m-cy-Øn¬ Iptd-IqSn hyXy-
kvX-amb \bkao-]-\-ß-fmWv Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-´p-≈Xv. ZmºXy _‘sØ
]cn-]m-h\- a
- mb Hcp DS-ºS- n-bm-bn-°m-Wp∂ Ckvemw ZmºXy_‘w XI¿°m-
\mbn B{K-ln-°p-∂-h¿ aX-Øn¬\n∂v ]pd-tØ°v t]mh-W-sa∂pw Hcp
kv{Xosb Ah-fpsS `¿Øm-hn\v tami-am-°n-bh≥ \Ωn¬ s]´-h-\√
F∂pw Adn-bn-°p-I-bp-≠mbn.
Ckvemw kwkvIrXn ASn-ÿm-\-]-c-ambn hnhm-l-tam-N-\-tØmSv
hntbm-Pn∏v kq£n-°p∂p. F∂m¬ samgn-sNm-√-en¬ ISp-In≥ aWntbmfw
t]mepw XØz-Zo£ kq£n-°m-Ø Hcp aX-amWv Ckvemw F∂m-Wn-hnsS
apg-ßn-t°ƒ°p-∂ A]-JymXn. sI´epw sI´-gn-°epw Ip´n-°-fn-bpsS
emL-ht- Øm-sS-bmWv Ckvemw ssIImcywsNøp-∂Xv F∂m-Wm-tcm-]Ww.
Ckvemw hnhm-l-tam-N-\sØ shdp-°p∂p; ]c-am-h[n \ncp-’m-l-
s∏-Sp-Øp∂p. Nne {]tXy-Ik - m-lN - c
- y-ßf
- n¬ A\p-hZ- n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.
A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fn¬ ssZhw Gsd shdp-°p-∂Xv hnhm-l-tam-N-
\-am-sW∂ \_n-h-N\w Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS Bfl-`mhw sXfn-®p-
Im-´m≥ t]m∂-XmWv. hnhm-lt- am-N\w A\n-hm-cy-am-°n-Øo¿°p∂ kµ¿`-
ß-fn¬Xs∂ AXns\ ]c-am-h[n \ncp-’ml-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ t]mcpw hn[-
amWv AXns‚ \n¿h-lWw \njvI¿jn-®n-´p-≈Xv.
Zº-Xn-Iƒ°n-S-bn¬ AIev®-bp-≠m-bm¬ `mcy-bp-sSbpw `¿Øm-hn-
s‚bpw _‘p-°-fn¬\n∂v \oXn-am-∑m-cmb Hmtcm hy‡nsb £Wn-®p-h-
_lp-`m-cymXzw Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp hn\ 215
cp-ØWw. Ah¿ {]iv\w ]cn-tim-[n-®-tijw `¿Øm-hn-t\mSv ]p\-cm-tem-
N\ \S-Øm≥ D]-tZ-in-°Ww. Ccp-h-scbpw A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn\v t{]cn-∏n-
°Ww. {ia-߃ hn^-e-am-bm¬ am{Xw hnhm-l-tam-N-\-Øns‚ am¿Ka-h-ew-
_n-°Ww. IpSpw-_-°m-cp-am-bp≈ ]p\-cm-tem-N-\bpw A\p-c-⁄-\-Øn-
\p≈ {iahpw A\n-hm-cy-amWv.
Camw K men ]d-bp∂p:
""Xzem-Jn-\p≈ Cu A\p-aXnXs∂ CXp-aqew sX‰m-b -\n-ebv°v Hcp
D]-{Zhw sNøpI F∂- \ne hcp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ am{X-amWv. kv{Xosb XzemJv
sNøp∂p F∂-Xn-\¿Yw Ahsf D]-{Z-hn-°p∂p F∂mWv. Ah-fpsS `mK-
Øp-\n∂v Fs¥-¶nepw s]mdp-°m-\m-hmØ A]-cm-[tam Ahs‚ `mKØv
km[q-I-cn-°-Ø° A\n-hm-cy-Xtbm D≠m-bm¬ am{Xta Cu D]-{Zhw
sNøm≥ ]mSp≈q.''
l{kØv Aen ]d-bp∂p:
""\n߃ hnhmlw Ign°q. XzemJv \S-Ø-cpXv. ImcWw, AXp-aqew
ssZhnI knwlm-k-\w-t]mepw {]I-ºn-X-amIpw.''
`¿Øm-hn-t\mSv XzemJv tNmZn-°p∂ kv{Xosb \_n ITn-\-ambn
Bt£-]n-°p∂p:
""Hcp _p≤n-ap-´p-ap-≠m-bn-´n-√mØ GsX-¶n-ep-
samcp kv{Xo `¿Øm-hn-t\mSv XzemJv Bh-iy-s∏-
Sp-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ Ah¿°v kz¿K-Øns‚ aWw
t]mepw e`n-°p-I-bn√.''
Xzem-Jn¬Xs∂ Ckvemw Cf-hp-Iƒ {]Jym-]n-®Xv, Fß-s\-sb-
¶nepw AXv \S-°m-Xn-cn-°s´ F∂v B{K-ln-®p-sIm-≠mWv.
Hcp kv{Xosb aq∂p-h´w samgn-sNm√mw.
H∂mw XhW samgn-sNm-√n-°-gn™v
aq∂v "ip≤n-Imew' Ign-bp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºm-sW-¶n¬
ho≠pw hnhm-l-_‘w XpScmw.
Hcp D]m-[nbpw {]mb›n-Xz-hp-an-√msX
Ahsf Xncn-s®-Sp°mw.
aq∂v ip≤n-Imew Ign-bp-tºm-gmWv
a\-s m∂p amdp-∂-sX-¶n¬
]pXn-sbmcp _‘-Øn-eqsS
hnhmlw ]p\x-ÿm-]n°mw.
H∂p-am-tem-Nn-°msX, s]m´n-sbm-gp-Inb hnIm-c-Øn-\-Sn-s∏´v XzemJv
sNm√p-Ibpw, ]ns∂-b-Xn¬ ]›m-Ø-]n®v _‘w ]p\x-ÿm-]n-°-W-sa∂v
tXm∂p-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ AXn∂pw am¿§-ß-fp≠v. aq∂p-h´w XzemJv
sNm√p-∂-Xp-hsc Cu Cfhv {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm-hp-∂-XmWv.
hnhm-lt- am-N\
- sØ \n m-ca - m-bn-Im-Wc
- p-sX∂pw ]c-am-h[n kln®pw
s]mdpØpw hn´p-hogvN sNbvXpw hnhm-l-_‘w XpS¿∂p-sIm≠pt]m-tI-
W-sa-∂p-amWv Ckvem-am-{K-ln-°p-∂Xv. aq∂v samgn-°-h-kcw sImSp-°p-
∂Xv CXn∂v aIp-tSm-Zm-l-c-W-amWv.
Xzem-Jns‚ \n¿h-l-W-Øn¬, samgn-sNm-√-en¬ kqNn-∏-gp-Xp-s≠-
216 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw _lp-`m-cymXzw Hgn-hm-°m≥ Ign-bmØ Hcp hn\ 217

¶n¬ _‘w ]p\x-ÿm-]n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn AXp-]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Ø-W-sa∂ {]hm-N-I≥ ]d™p:

Imcy-Øn¬ {]hm-N-I∂v \njvI¿j-bp-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ""dpIm\, Htc ho¿∏n¬ aq∂p-sam-gnbpw
Hcp-h≥ Xs‚ `mcysb aq∂p- Xz-emJpw sNm√n-sb-∂t√ ]d-™Xv? icn
Hcp-an-®p-sNm√n _‘w th¿s]-Sp-Øn-sb∂v AXv Hcp XzemtJ BIp-∂p≈q.
Hcn-°¬ {]hm-N-I-\-dn™p. \nß-fpsS _‘w XpS-cp-I-bmWv `wKn.''
At±lw Abm-tfmSv {Ip≤-\mbn Ib¿Øp-ht{X ""elcn _m[n-®-h-s‚bpw tIm]m-‘-s‚bpw XzemJv kzoI-cn-°-s∏-
"Rm≥ \nß-fp-sS-bn-S-bn¬ Pohn-®n-cns°, Sp-I-bn√'' F∂v {]hm-N-I≥ {]Jym-]n-®-t∏mƒ kzt_m[w \jvS-s∏-SmØ
Ah≥ A√m-lp-hns‚ {KŸwsIm≠v Ifn-°p-Itbm? a\ v kpNn-¥n-X-am-sb-Sp-°p∂ hnhm-l-tam-N\ \n›bw am{Xta A\p-h-
{]hm-N-I≥ [¿acpjvS-\mbn. Z-\o-b-amb Af-hn-∂p-≈n¬t]mepw km[p-hm-Ip-I-bp≈q F∂v {]hm-N-I≥
kXy-th-ZØ - ns‚ ]pcp-jm-Im-ca
- W
- n™ `mjy-amWv {]hm-NI
- ≥. Xs‚ Bh¿Øn-®-dn-bn°p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p. Xze-˛-sb∂v tI´m¬ A£Ww ASn-
kzc-N-e-\-ß-sf√mw Jp¿-Bs‚ kq‡-ß-fpsS hni-I-e-\-amWv. "Hc-ev]- sbm-∏p-sh-°m≥ \oXn-]oTw Xøm-dm-hp-I-bn√ F∂ [z\nbpw B {]Jym-]-
_p≤n, Rm\n-hnsS Jp¿-Bs‚ {]N-mc-W-Øn-\p-th≠n Pohn°p∂p F∂p- \-Øn-\p≠v.v ""tIm]-Øn¬ Xzem-Jp-an√ tamN-\-hp-an√'' F∂ ZrV-kz-c-Øn-
t]m-ep-tam¿°msX, AXns‚ A¥- -Øbv°v \nc-°m-Ø-hn[w Ip´n-°fn ep≈ {]hm-N-I-h-N\w A°mcyw ]-cnhy-‡-am-°p∂p.
Ifn-°p-I-bmWv' F∂t{X {]hm-N-I≥ tNmZn-®Xv. as‰mcp hgn-bp-an-s√-¶nte XzemJv ]mSp≈q. Aßs\ KXy-¥-c-an-
as‰m-cn-°¬ kam-\-amb as‰mcp kw`-h-ap-≠mbn. √msX XzemJv \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-´p-I-gn-™m¬ t]mepw Xzem-Jn\v hnt[-b-
{]hm-N-Is‚ injy-\m-bn-cp∂p dpIm\. bmb `mcy-tbmSv Fßs\ s]cp-am-d-W-sa∂v Ckvemw \n¿tZ-in-°p-∂p≠v.
At±lw `mcy-bp-ambn ]nWßn. AXv t\mhp-Xn-∂p∂ kv{XobpsS ta¬ h¿jn-°-s∏´ Imcp-Wy-Øns‚
]nW°w \nan-j-ß-fn-eqsS Bfn-°Øn. Aar-X-h¿j-am-sW∂v a\- n-em-°m≥ hnj-a-ap-≠m-hn√:
dpIm\ `mcysb ssIsbm-gn°m≥ Xocp-am-\n®p. ""hnhm-l-tam-N\w \evIp∂ kv{XoIƒ°v am\y-amb \nebv°v D]-t`m-
ISp-InS hn´p-ho-gvN-bn-s√∂ a´n¬ K-h-kvXp-°ƒ \evIWw. AXv A√m-lp-hns\ kq£n-°p-∂-h-cpsS
hnIm-c-hn-{`m-¥-\mb dpIm\ IS-a-bmWv.'' (2.236)
Xs‚ `mcysb Htc ho¿∏n¬Xs∂ ""\n߃ kv{XoIƒ°v hnhm-l-tam-N\w \evIp-Ibpw Ah¿ Imem-h-
aq∂p-sam-gnbpw sNm√n _‘-a-dp-Øn´p. [n-bn¬ FØp-Ibpw sNbvXm¬ Ahsc \√-\n-ebv°v sh®p-sIm-≠n-
Iptd Ign™p; hnIm-c-sam-Xpßn cn-°p-Itbm \√ \nebv°v Hgn-hm-°p-Itbm sNøpI. (2:231)
]›m-Øm]w apf-s]m´n. ""\n߃ `mcy°v Ip∂p-Iq-Snb kzØp-sIm-SpØp. ]ns∂, Ah-sf-
samgn-sNm√n hn´ `mcy-sb-°q-SmsX sbm-gn-hm°n as‰m-cp-Ønsb kzoI-cn-°m-s\m-cpßn. BZy-Ø-hƒ°v
Hcp-Zn-hkw t]mepw Pohn-°m≥ hsø∂ \ne-bmbn. sImSp-Ø-Xn¬\n∂v H∂pw Xncn-®p-hm-ß-cpXv. \n߃ AXp hmßp-
\n -lm-b-\mb dpIm\ {]hm-N-Is‚ ap∂n-seØn. ∂Xv Im]-Syhpw hy‡-amb Ip‰hp-at√?'' (4:20)
s]m´n-°-c-™p-sIm≠v ""hnhm-l-tam-N\w sNø-s∏´ kv{XoIsf ImØn-cn-∏ns‚ Imem-h[n
Xs‚ Zp -l-Zpx-J-a-dn-bn®p. Xocp-∂-Xp-hsc ]pcp-j≥ Ahs‚ ho´n¬\n∂v ]pd-Øm-°p-hmt\m
Fs¥-¶nepw ]cn-lmcw \n¿tZ-in®v ]nXm-hn-s‚tbm IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fp-sStbm ko]-tØ-°-bbv-°mt\m
c£n-°-W-sa-∂-t]-£n®p. ]mSn√; Fs¥-¶nepw \oN{]hrØn Ahƒ sNbvXm-sem-gnsI. (65:1)
{]hm-N-I≥ tNmZn®p: ""\n߃ Xma-kn-°p∂ CS-Øp-\n-∂p-Xs∂ \nß-fpsS Ign-hn-\-\p-k-
""\o Fß-s\-bmWv Ahsf samgn-sNm-√n-bXv?'' cn-®-hn[w Ah-sfbpw Xma-kn-∏n-°pI. Ahsf hnj-an-∏n-°-W-sa-∂p-
dpIm\ ]d™p: t±-in®v Hcp D]-{Z-hhpw sNøm≥ \n߃°v ]mSp-≈-X√. Ahƒ K¿`n-
""Htc ho¿∏n¬ aq∂p-sam-gnbpw sNm√n.'' Wn-bm-sW-¶n¬ {]k-hn-°p-∂X - p-hsc sNe-hn\v sImSp-°Ww. Ahƒ
Hcp \nanjw {]hm-N-I≥ au\w `Pn®p. \n߃°p-th≠n Ip´n-Iƒ°v ape-sIm-Sp-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ AXn-
At±-l-Øns‚ IÆp-I-fn¬ ∂p≈ {]Xn-^ew \evIWw. \n߃ X-Ωn¬ IqSn-bm-tem-Nn®v \√-
ImcpWyw \nd-™p-h-gn™p. \n-e-bn¬ {]h¿Øn-°Ww.'' (65:6)
ssZhw hnf-°n-t®¿Ø _‘-amWv ZmºXyw. hnhm-l-tam-N\w \evI-s∏´ kv{Xo c≠p-h¿jw Ip™n-\p- ape sImSp-
]gp-Xp-s≠-¶n¬ AXns‚ ]£-Øp-\n-ev°Ww. °-W-sa∂pw A°m-eØv Ahsf samgn-sNm-√nb ]pcp-j-\mWv Ahƒ°v
AXmWv kXy-th-Z-Øns‚ kwkvImcw. `£-Whpw hkv{Xhpw sImSp-t°-≠-sX∂pw Jp¿-B≥ hy‡-am-°p-∂p≠v.
Jp¿-B-\n¬ Cß-s\-sbmcp kq‡-ap≠v:
218 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
""Ah¿ hnhm-l-tam-N-\-Øn\v Xocp-am-\n-°p-I-bm-sW-¶n¬ A√mlp
tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw Adn-bp-∂-h-\p-amWv.'' (2:227)
Ah-cpsS Zmº-Xy-_‘w Iq´n-t®¿°m-s\m-°mØ
hn[w inYn-e-am-bn-´pt≠m?
ip≤o-I-cn-°m-s\m-°m-Ø-hn[w
aeo-a-k-am-bn-´pt≠m?
kzmÿyw ]p\x-kr-jvSn-°m≥ Ign-bm-Ø-hn[w
Ie-lm-Ip-e-ambn, hnI-e-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-´pt≠m?
hnhm-l-tam-N-\-Øn\v Ckvemw \n¿tZ-in-°p∂
kml-N-cy-߃ Ahn-sS-bp≠mbn´pt≠m?
ssZhw shdp-°p∂ hnNm-c˛hnImc-߃°v
Ah¿ hiw-h-Z-cm-bn-´pt≠m?
D∂-bn® Imcy-ßfpw Imc-W-ßfpw
kXy-k-‘-amtWm?
F∂n-h-sb-°p-dn-s®√mw Hcp ho≠p-hn-Nm-c-am-h-iy-s∏-Sp∂ Adn-bn-∏mWv
""A√mlp tIƒ°p-∂-h\pw ImWp-∂-h-\p-amWv'' F∂ A\p-kva-c-W-Øn-
eqsS [z\n-°p-∂Xv.
A∂v l{kØv Aen Jeo^m [¿aw A\p-jvTn-®p-t]m-cp∂ Ime-am-
bn-cp∂p. XzemJv sNm√n `mcysb ssIsbm-gn® Hcmƒ Jeo-^-bpsS ap∂n-
seØn Ft¥m ]d-bm≥ `mhn®p. At∏mƒ Jeo^ tNmZn®p:
""\n߃ A√mlp Iev]n-®-Xp-t]mse c≠p-t]sc km£n-\n¿Øn-bn-
cpt∂m?'' Abmƒ ""C√'' F∂v DØcw \evIn-bt- ∏mƒ Xzem-Jns‚ Kuchhpw
]hn-{X-Xbpw H∂-\p-kva-cn-®p-sIm≠v Jeo^ Cßs\ Iev]n®p:
""\n߃°v t]mImw; \n߃ \S-Ønb XzemJv Xzem-J√.''
Ckvemw kwkvIrXn kv{XotbmSv Ah-K-W\ Im´p∂p F∂m-tcm-]n-
°p∂ hna¿i-I¿ ]e-t∏mgpw D≤-cn-®p-tIƒ°p∂ H∂mWv XzemJv. AXn-
\p-≈-Im-cWw Xzem-Jn-\p≈ A[n-Imcw ]pcp-j∂v \¬In F∂XmWv.
]pcp-j≥ kv{Xosb hnhmlw Ign-°p∂p F∂-XmWv Ckvemw kwkvIm-
c-a-\p-k-cn-®p≈ kao-]\w. hnhm-l-Øns‚ ap≥ssI ]pcp-j-∂m-sW-¶n¬
_‘-hn-t—-Z\ - Ø
- n\v ap≥ssI-sb-Sp-°m-\p≈ A[n-Im-chpw ]pcp-j∂pXs∂-
bm-bn-cn-°Ww. bp‡n-k-l-amb \n¿W-b-\-a-XmWv. ]pcp-j-\mWv kv{Xosb
hnhmlw Ign-°p-∂-sX-¶nepw hnhm-l-Øn¬ A`n-{]mb {]I-S-\-Øn-\p≈
Ah-Imiw h[p-hn-\p≠v. Ah-fpsS lnX-Øn-s\-Xn-cm-bp≈ hnhmlw Ckvemw
ZrjvSn-bn¬ Akm-[p-hmWv. AXp-t]mse hnhm-l-tam-N-\-Øn¬ lnX-a-dn-
bn-°m\pw AXn∂v {Inb-mapJw \evIm\pw `mcy-°-[n-Im-c-ap≠v. `¿Øm-
hn¬\n∂v tamN\w t\Sm-\p≈ Ah-Im-ihpw Ahƒ°p≠v. `¿Øm-thm-
sSm-Øp≈ PohnXw Zp -l-am-sW-¶n¬ _‘w XpS-cm≥ Xm≥ B{K-ln-°p-
∂n-s√∂pw AXn∂v XzemJv sNm√n Xs∂ Hgn-hm-°-W-sa∂pw `mcy°v
`¿Øm-hn-t\m-Sm-h-iy-s∏Smw. kulr-Zm-¥-co-£-Øn¬ ]Ww sImSpØv
XzemJv Bh-iy-s∏Smw. `¿Ømhv hg-ßp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-bpsS
ap∂n¬ `mcy°v ]cm-Xn-s∏Smw. ^e-Øn¬ kv{Xobm-bmepw ]pcp-j-\m-
bmepw Bcv B{K-ln-®mepw XzemJv \n¿h-ln-°m-hp-∂-XmWv.
XzemJv: A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fn¬ Gsd shdp-°p-∂Xv 219
]pcp-j-\mWv Xzem-Jn\v ap≥ssI FSp-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ ]pcp-j≥
kv{Xo°v sImSpØ alv¿ Xncn-®p-hm-ßm≥ ]mSn√. kv{XobpsS Bh-iy-a-
\p-k-cn-®mWv XzemJv \n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp-∂-sX-¶n¬ hnhm-l-t\-cØv ]pcp-
j≥ Ahƒ°v sImSpØ alv¿ ]pcp-j∂v Xncn-®p-sIm-SpØpw thWw
XzemJv Bh-iy-s∏-Sm≥.
Hcn-°¬ Paoe Xs‚ `¿Øm-hmb km_n-Xn-s\-∏‰n Jeo-^-bpsS
ap∂n¬ Nph-sS-t®¿Ø Xc-Øn-semcp ]cmXn ka¿∏n®p.
""km_n-Xp-ambn CW-ßn-t∏m-Im≥ F\n°v Ign-bp-I-bn√. as‰m-∂p-
sIm-≠p-a√. Fs‚ a\- n¬ At±-l-sØ-°p-dn®v Ad-∏mWv. Idp-I-dpØ
\ndhpw t]Sn-tXm-∂n-∏n-°p∂ hncq-]-amb apJhpw Ipdp-Inb ico-c-{]-Ir-Xn-
bp-ap≈ km_n-Xns\ Rm≥ a\ m shdp-°p∂p. Abm-fn¬\n∂v hnhm-l-
tam-N\w B{K-ln-°p∂p.''
CXp tI´-t∏mƒ {]hm-N-I≥ Cßs\ tNmZn®p:
""km_nXv hnhm-l-t\-cØv X\n°v X∂ Cu¥-∏-\-tØm∏v Xncn-®p-
sIm-Sp-Øp-IqsS?''
Paoe: ""AXv -am-{X-hpa√, AXn-e-∏p-dhpw sImSp°mw.''
\_n: (Aev]w \oc-k-tØmsS) X\n°v X∂-Xn-e-[n-I-sam∂pw Xncn-
®p-sIm-Sp-t°≠.''
{]hm-N-I≥ km_n-Xn-t\mSv ]d™p:
""km_nXv, tXm´w kzoI-cn®p XzemJv sNm√q.''
hy‡n-I-fpsS a\- -am-[m-\-Øn\pw IpSpw-_-`-{Z-Xbv°pw th≠n KXy-
¥-c-an-√mØ kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øm≥th≠n- I-cp-Xn-sh® Hcm-
bp-[-amWv XzemJv. Xzem-Jn\v A√m-lp-hns‚ AwKo-Im-c-ap≠v. ]t£,
Ht∂m¿°pI, Zmº-Xy-_‘w ]cn-]m-h-\-amb Hcp Icm-dmbn Ckvemw Icp-
Xp∂p. AXv imiz-X-ambn \ne-\n-ev°Ww. ""Ah≥ \nß-fn¬\n∂v kpZr-
V-amb DS-ºSn FSp-Øn-cn-°p∂p'' F∂v Jp¿-B≥ hnti-jn-∏n-®Xv AXp-
sIm-≠mWv. Zmº-Xy-Øn\v lm\n-I-c-amb GXv \o°hpw GXv `mK-Øp-\n-
∂p-≠m-hp-∂Xpw Ckvemw hntcm-[n-°p-∂p≠v. AXp-sIm-≠p-Xs∂, {]hm-
N-I¿ ]d™p: ""Zmº-Xy-_‘w XI¿°m-\mbn CS-s]-Sp-∂-h≥ aX-
Øn¬\n∂v ]pd-Øp-t]mIpw'' F∂v. XzemJv sNm√p∂ F√m-h-scbpw
ssZhw i]n®p F∂ \_n-h-N\w Kuc-h-an-b-∂-Xm-sW∂v \mtam¿°pI.
A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fn¬ A√mlp G‰hpw shdp-°p-∂Xv Xzem-JmWv.
220 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
35
]utcm-lnXyw hnIr-X-am-°nb aX-Xew
a[y-Im-e-L´w aX-Z¿i-\-ß-fpsS \n¿`m-Ky-Im-e-am-bn-cp∂p. kXy-Z¿i-\-
Øn\v klm-b-I-ß-fmb aX-Z¿i-\-ß-sf√mw kzm¿YXm-¬]-cy-߃°mbn
{]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´Xv A∂m-bn-cp∂p. aXm-Nm-cy-∑m-cpsS ÿm\Øv
aX-\m-b-I-∑mcpw aXm-[n-]-Xn-Ifpw Db¿∂p-h∂p. Ah¿ aXsØ ÿm]\-
h¬°-cn-°p-Ibpw Xß-fpsS c£bv°pw kpÿn-Xn°pw th≠n Ahbv°v
Np‰pw _u≤n-I X{¥-ß-fpsS aXn¬s°-´p-I-fp-b¿Øp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Xß-fpsS sshb-‡n-I-amb hnIm-k-hr-≤n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS hn`m-
hnX e£yw.
ssZh-tØm-SS- p-Øp-\n-ev°p-∂h - cpw ssZh-Øns‚ ]cn-Nm-cI - ∑- m-cp-amWv
Xß-sf∂ \ne-bn¬ aX-]p-tcm-ln-X-∑m¿ A{]-am-ZnXzw Ah-Im-i-s∏´p.
ssZh-Øns‚ {]Xn-]p-cp-j-∑m-sc∂ a´n¬ Ah-cpsS A\p-{K-lm-in- p-I-
tfm-Sp-IqSn am{Xta {]Pm-]-cn-]m-e\w t]mepw hnP-bn-°p-I-bp-≈q F∂v
{]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-hm≥ Ah¿t°Xpw hnj-a-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√. \mSp-hm-gn-Ø-
Øns‚ kmaq-ln-I-hy-hÿ \ne-\n∂ ImeØpw ]utcm-lnXywXs∂-bm-
bn-cp∂p A[o-i-Xz-a-h-Im-i-s∏-´Xv. kaq-lsØ \nb-{¥n-°p-hm≥ aX-]-cn-
th-j-a-Wn™ \nb-a-ßfpw hyh-ÿ-Ifpw PohnX k{º-Zm-b-߃t]mepw
Ah¿ cq]-s∏-SpØn. Ah ewLn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ssZh-tIm-]-Øn-∂n-S-bm-
°p∂ ]m]-hp-am-sW∂v Ah¿ [cn-∏n®p.
ChnsS lnµp-a-X-Ønse ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ Ime-ØmWv PmXn-I-
fp-≠m-bXpw PmXym-Nmc \n¿Wbw km[n-®Xpw. PmXn-bn¬ ap¥nb {_m“-
W≥ kI-eXpw \nb-{¥n®p. `qan-bnse ssZh-߃ (`qtZ-h-∑m¿) Xß-fm-
sW∂v Ah-ch - I
- m-is- ∏´p. {Ia-Øn-eh - ¿ hnizm-kn-If
- psS Hc-Sn-a - a - q-lsØ
ChnsS krjvSn-®p-\n¿Øn. ssZhm-cm-[-\-t]mse {_m“-W-]q-Pbpw A°m-
e-Øn-hnsS k¿h-km-[m-c-W-am-bn-cp∂p. {_m“-W-t\m-sS-ßm≥ Adn-bm-
sX-t]mepw A\m-Z-chv ImWn-®p-t]m-bm¬ Ah¿ {_m“W tIm]-Øn\pw
{_m“W im]-Øn\pw hnt[-bc - m-bn-Øo-cp-at{X. tKm]q-Pm-Zn-Iƒ \S-Ønbpw
{_m“-W\v `qan, ]ip, hkv{Xw XpS-ßn-bh Zm\w sNbvXpw ]m]-]-cn-lmcw
km[n-°m-dp≠v.
XzemJv: A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fn¬ Gsd shdp-°p-∂Xv 221
]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ G‰hpw Iui-e-an-b∂ X{¥w {]I-S-am-bXv
IogvPm-Xn-°m¿°v hnZy-hn-e-°n-s°m-≠p≈ DØ-c-hn-em-bn-cp∂p. lnµp-°-
fn¬ F¨]-Ø-©p-i-X-am-\-tØmfw iq{Z-hn-`m-K-am-bn-cp∂p˛(Iogm-f-∑m¿)
iq{Z¿ A£cw ]Tn-°m≥ ]mSn-s√∂v hne-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. Hc-Sn-a- -aq-
lsØ kr„n-°m-\p≈ Iui-e-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. A£cw DZo-cWw
sNøp∂ Du¿Pw _p≤nsb NSp-e-ambn {]h¿Øn-∏n°pw. hnZy t\Sn-b-h\v
icnbpw sX‰pw KpWhpw tZmjhpw \∑bpw Xn∑bpw [¿ahpw A[¿ahpw
hnth-Nn-®d - n-bm≥ Ffp∏w Ignbpw. {Ia-Øn¬ icn°pw \∑bv°pw \oXn°pw
kXy-Øn\pw [¿aØn-\p-a-\p-Iq-e-ambn \nev°m\pw hmZn-°m-\p-ap≈ Bfl-
hocyw Ah-cn¬ hfcpw. AXns‚ ^e-ambn, A[¿a-Øn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amb
Xß-fpsS knwlm-k-\-߃ s]mfn-™p-ho-gp-sa∂v {_m“-Wm-[n-]Xyw
`b∂p. AXv kw`-hn-°m-Xn-cn-°m≥ akvXn-jv°Ø - ns‚ C‘-\a - mb A£cw
iq{Z\v A{]m-]y-amb H∂m°n am‰n. aX {KŸ-߃t]mepw ]cn-N-bn-°m≥
Ign-bmØ, _p≤n-a-c-hn®, hnNm-c-i-‡n°v hn\miw t\cn´ Hcp arX-k-aq-
lsØ kt_m[w kr„n-®p-\n¿Øm≥ ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øn\v km[n®p.
""iq{Z-a-£-c-kw-bp‡w Zqc-bx- ]-cn-h¿÷-tbXv'' F∂p IqSn Ah¿
hnfw-_cw sNbvXn-cp∂p. GsX-¶n-ep-sam-c-h¿W≥, AXym¿Øn-sIm≠v Hc-
£cw I´p-]-Tn®p F∂v h∂m¬t∏mepw Ahs\ kaq-l-{`-„-\m-°p-hm≥
B {]amWw Ah¿°v i‡n \evIn. kml-kn-I-cmb aX-]-cn-jvI¿Øm-°-
fpsS {]h¿Ø-\-^-e-ambn sslµ-h-a-X-cw-KØv am‰-Øns‚ Hcp sImSp-¶m-
‰p-Xs∂ Nodn-b-Sn®p.
]utcm-lnXyw ss{IkvXh kaq-l-Øn¬ kzm[o\w {]I-Sn-∏n-®p-
t]m∂ ImeØv kzX-{¥-Nn-¥bv°pw imkv{X-hn-Im-k-Øn-\p-sa-Xnsc F{X-
am{Xw {Iqchpw `oI-c-hp-am-bmWv s]cp-am-dn-b-sX∂v Ncn{Xw \sΩ [cn-∏n-
®n-´p≠v. `qan Dcp-≠-Xm-sW∂v Is≠-Ønb imkv{X-Im-cs\ Xobn-se-dn-
™p-sIm-√m≥ aXm-[n-]-Xy-Øn\v aSn-bp-≠m-bn√. "]cn-Wm-a-hmZ'Øns‚
{]tW-Xm-hns‚ arX-ic - ocw Ahn-ip-≤s
- a-∂\
- n-eb- n¬ shÃv an\n-ÿ B_n-
bn¬ Ib-‰m-\-\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bn-s√∂ aX Iev]-\-bn-d-°m≥ Ah¿°v hnj-a-
ta-Xp-ap-≠m-bn√. kzX-{¥-Nn-¥b - psS BZn-kz-ca- mbn Io¿Øn-°s - ∏´ tkm{I-
‰o-kns\ hnjw -sIm-SpØp sIm√m-\p≈ {IqcX Im´m≥ Ah¿°v Atijw
Nm©-ey-an-√m-bn-cp∂p. N¿®ns‚ Xocp-am-\-sa-¥m-bmepw AXn-s\-Xnsc
B¿°pw an≠n-°q-Sm-bn-cp∂p. N¿®ns‚ hn[n-\n-tj-[-ßsf kzIm-cy-kw-`m-
j-W-Øn¬t∏mepw tNmZyw sNbvXp-sh-∂-dn-™m¬ Ahsc sIm≠p-
t]mbn {]tXyI tImSXn hnNm-cW \SØn Xobn-ent´m Ip∂n≥]p-d-Øp-
\n∂v Xmsg-s°-dnt™m sIm√p-I-bm-bn-cp∂p ]Xnhv. Nn¥m-io-e-Øn\pw,
hnZym-hr-Øn°pw ⁄m\ hn⁄m\ {]Nm-c-W-Øn-\p-sa-Xnsc aX-]u-tcm-
ln-Xy-Øns‚ {Iqchpw lo\-hp-amb kao-]-\-a-Xm-bn-cp∂p. temI-N-cn-{X-
Øn¬ Nn¥n-°p-∂Xv Ip‰-ambn IW-°m-°nb Hcp Ime-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.
aXw F∂Xv tIh-e-samcp hnIm-c-ambpw Hcp-Iq´w BNm-c-ß-fmbpw amdn-
t∏m-b-t∏m-gm-WXv kw`-hn-®Xv. N¿®ns‚ AwKo-Ir-Xm-i-b-߃s°-Xnsc
hnNm-c] - c
- X ]S¿∂p-t]m-bm¬ AsXmcp in£m¿l-amb hn\-bmbn. AØcw
222 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw XzemJv: A\p-h-Zn-°-s∏´ Imcy-ß-fn¬ Gsd shdp-°p-∂Xv 223

tIkp-Iƒ hnNm-cW sNøm≥ {]tXyI tImS-Xn-Iƒ t]mepw ]m›m-Xy-

\m-Sp-I-fn¬ A°m-e-Øp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Jp¿-B≥ Ah-Xo¿Wam-hp-∂X - n\v apºv Atd-_y-bn¬ hn{K-lm-cm-[\

Gsd {]Np-c-am-bn-cp∂p. `h-\-ß-fn-se√mw Bcm-[-\bv-°mbn hn{K-l-ß-fp-
≠m-bn-cp∂p. bm{X ]pd-s∏-Sp-tºmgpw Xncn-s®-Øn-bmepw hn{K-l-ß-sf
Npw_n®v ssZh-`‡n {]I-Sn-∏n-°p∂ ]Xnhv km¿h-{Xn-I-am-bn-cp∂p. kqcy-
N-{µ-∑mcpw Bcm-[n-°-s∏´p. ]q¿h-]n-Xm-°sf ]qPn-°p-∂-hcpw A·n-bm-
cm-[-I-∑mcpw A∂v Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂n√. cq]-Ønepw {]Io¿Ø-\-ß-fnepw
sshNn-{Xy-am¿∂ hy‡nXzw ]pe¿Øn-t∏m∂ At\I "ssZh-߃' A°m-
eØv Atd-_y-bn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂p. hnkva-b-sa-∂p-]-d-bs´, Cuiz-c-\n-tj-
[n-I-fpsS FÆhpw Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂n√. ""sFln-I-Po-hn-X-a-√msX as‰m-
∂n√; R߃ Pohn-°p∂p, acn-°p∂p˛Imew am{X-amWv Rß-fn¬ kzm[o-
\n-°p-∂Xv, Rßsf kwl-cn-°p-∂Xpw'' F∂ hnti-j- Z¿i-\-Øns‚
"Ime-kn-≤m-¥-°m¿' (Zlvcn-Iƒ) A∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. hn{K-lsØ ssZh-am-
bn-°-cp-XmsX ssZh-Øn-te°v a\p-jys\ ASp-∏n-°p∂ am[y-a-ambn am{Xw
hn{K-lsØ Icp-Xn-t∏m-∂h - c
- p-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂p. ]utcm-ln-Xy-Øns‚ A‘hpw
aqVhpw _≤-hp-amb Ccp≠ Xm¬]-cy-ß-fpsS hnj-[q-anI kakvX hnizm-
k-ß-fp-sSbpw \ndw-sI-Sp-Øn-bn-cp∂p. Ckvemw De-bmØ kzc-Øn¬ Cß-
s\-b-dn-bn®p:
A√mlp GI≥
Bcm-[\ Ah∂v am{Xw
""\nß-fpsS Bcm-[y≥ GI≥
]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[n-bp-amb
Ah-\-√msX Hcm-cm-[y-\n-√-Xs∂''
""Ah≥ A\m-Zy-\mWv, A\-¥-\mWv
{]Xy-£-\mWv, ]tcm-£-\mWv
k¿h-⁄\ - p-amWv.''
""A√m-lp-hns‚ IqsS as‰m-cm-cm-[ys\
\o {]m¿Yn-°-cpXv.
Ah-\-√msX Hcm-cm-[y-\n-√-Xs∂.
Ahs‚ apJ-sam-gn®v (Ah-s∂m-gn®v)
as‰-√m-h-kvXp-°fpw \iz-c-ß-fmWv
Ah∂mWv hn[n-°m-\-[n-Imcw
\n߃ Ah-s‚-b-Sp-°-te°v aS-°-s∏-Sp∂p.''
36
al-Ø-c-amb ]q¿Øo-I-cWw
Hcm-bncw ]cn-an-Xn-I-fpsS CSp-ßnb he-b-߃°-IØv sRcp-ßn-sbm-Xp-
ßn-°g- n-bp-Ib - mWv \mw. temI-Øns‚ AXn¿h-cº - p-Iƒ°-IØ - mWv \ΩpsS
IÆpw ImgvNbpw. \ΩpsS kz]v\-߃t]mepw B N{I-hm-f-Øn-\-IØv
Id-ßn-°g - n-bp∂p. kz]v\ß - ƒ ]cn-an-Xn-Iƒ°IØv HXp-ßn-\nev°p-tºmƒ
kz]v\-km-£m¬°m-cw-sIm≠v ssIh-cp∂ kpJm-kzm-Z-\-߃°pw ]cn-an-
Xn-bp-≠mIpw. C{µn-b-th-Zy-ß-fmb {]]-©-h-kvXp-°sf a\ v sImXn-
°p∂p. sImXn km[n-°p-tºmƒ kpJw tXm∂p∂p. F∂m¬ AkpJw
sNdpXpw ss\an-jn-I-hp-amWv. C{µn-b-߃°pw _p≤n°pw sshIm-cnI
{]Xn-`m-kß - ƒ°pw sXm´p-gn-bm≥ Ign-bp∂ `uXn-IX - b- °
v p-a∏
- p-dØv AXn¿h-
c-ºp-I-fn-√mØ Hcp k\m-X\ {]]-©-ap-s≠∂ tXm∂¬ Bflo-b-amb
hf¿®-bpsS XpS-°-amWv. C{µn-b]-c-amb Bkzm-Z-\-Øn\pw sshIm-cn-I-
amb kt¥m-j-Øn\pw _p≤n-]-c-amb {]k-∂-X-bv°p-a-∏p-dØv h¿Øn-
°p∂ k\m-X\ {]]-©-Øns‚ kw`m-h-\-bmWv Bflo-b-hn-Imkw kΩm-
\n-°p∂ ]c-am-\µw. AXv kzbw Is≠-Ø-en-eqsS˛Bfl-Z¿i-\-Øn-eqsS˛
ssIh-cn-t°≠ Hcp alm-\p-`-h-amWv. Afi-I-Sm-l-Ønse hnkva-b-{]-Xn-
`m-k-ß-fn¬ Xm≥ Bsc-∂-dn-bp-tºm-gp-≠m-Ip∂ A\-h-Zy-amb B\µw
\Ωn-ep≈ Znhy-Xz-Øns‚ {]Im-i-\-amWv. \Ωn-ep≈ Znhy-`m-h-ß-fpsS
kq£va-kv^p-c-W-ßsf t{]m÷z-en-∏n-°m≥ Ign-bp-tºmƒ A⁄m-X-
amb Hcm-bncw {]Im-it- Km-]p-cß - f
- h
- nsS Xpd-°s
- ∏-Sp-Ib- mbn. Xa- n¬\n∂v
tPymXn- n-te°pw ac-W-Øn¬\n∂v A\-iz-c-X-bn-te-°p-ap≈ alm-bm-{X-
bm-bXv amdpw. £Wn-Ihpw \n m-c-hp-amb Pohn-X-Øn\v A¿∞u-Nn-Xy-ß-
fp-≠m-hp-Ibpw \nXy-amb Pohn-X-Øn\v AXv \sΩ {]m]vX-cm-°p-Ibpw
sNøp∂p. _p≤\pw {InkvXphpw apl-Ω-Zp-sa√mw B A\-iz-c-X-bpsS
tKm]p-c-I-hmSw IS-∂p-sN-∂-h-cmWv.
""ss\an-jnI kpJ-{`aZm-b-I-amb'' Cu sNdnb temI-Øp-\n∂v "A{]-
tab {]`m-hn-e-knX' amb B Znhy-]-Y-Øn-te-°p-bcm-≥ Ign-bpI F∂-
Xn¬°-hn™ as‰m∂v a\p-jy\v km£m¬°-cn-°m-\n√. "shfn®ta- \-bn-
®mepw' F∂ Bflm-hns‚ hnem]w {i≤n-°pI:
224 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
hnZq-c-X-bn¬ h¿Øn-°p∂ alm-km-K-c-Øns‚ hncn-am-dn-seØn
\n¿hrXn sIm≈m≥ sImXn-°p∂ \ocp-d-h-bpsS a\- nepw Cu {]m¿Y-\m-
Km\w kq£va t{im{X-߃°v sXfn-™p-tIƒ°mw. A⁄m-X-ambn,
Ahy-‡-X-bn-e-a¿∂p InS-°p∂ B hnZqc e£y-Øn-te-°p≈ Xo¿Y-{]-
bm-W-Øn¬ B \ocp-d-h-bpama{¥n-°p-∂Xv "t\Xn' i–-amWv. Hcp-Xcw
aXn-{`-a-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-b-Xp-t]mse hgn-bn¬ I≠-Xn-s\-sb√mw sXm´pw
Xgp-Inbpw kq£va-hn-i-I-e-\-Øn¬ Xm≥ Xnc-™p-t]m-Ip-∂Xv, Xs‚
Bflmhv Zmlw sIm≈p-∂Xv "CX√' "CX√' F∂v t_m[y-s∏´v ]cw-s]m-
cp-fns‚ Zni-bn-te°v ]m™p-t]m-Ip∂ \ocp-d-h-Iƒ, CSbv°v sh®v Pohn-
X-sam-Sp-t°-≠n-h∂- mepw Pohn-t®-St- Ømfw tkmt±-iyhpw A¿Y]q¿Whpw
et£ym-∑p-J-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Znhy-am¿K-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p {]bm-W-K-Xn-
sb∂pw Nmcn-Xm¿Yy-a-S-bp∂p. "Xnc-™m-kz-Zn-t∏m¿°-a¿ØyXzw' F∂
Ihn-h-N\w t]mse kmK-c-Øn¬ hne-bn-°m≥ Ign-bp∂ kcn-Øp-Iƒ A\-
h-Zy-X-bpsS km£m¬°mcw ssIh-cn® aln-X-{]-Xn-`m-k-ß-fmbn amdp∂p.
Poh≥ F∂ {]Xn-`mkw, Pohn-XØ - ns‚ {]bm-WK - Xn, hn`m-hnX e£yw˛Ch-
sb-°p-dn-®-dn™v km¿Y-I-ambn Pohn-°pI F∂-XmWv ssZh-am¿K-Øn¬
\njvI¿jn-°-s∏-Sp-∂Xv.
C{µn-b-߃°pw _p≤n°pw a\- n\pw tIh-e-amb AkvXn-Xz-an√.
`uXn-I-X-bp-ambn _‘-s∏´v am{Xsa Ahbv°v \ne-\n-ev∏p≈q. euInI
hkvXp-°-fn¬\n∂v hn\n¿ap-‡-amb C{µnb hym]m-c-ß-fn√. _u≤nI
{]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn√, at\m-hn-em-k-ß-fp-an√. AXp-sIm-≠mWv {iocm-a-Ir-
jvW-]-c-a-lw-k¿ Cßs\ a\x-{]-bm-kw-sIm-≠Xv. Hcn-°-e-t±lw kzman
tXmUm-]p-cnsb kao-]n®v Cß-s\-b-dn-bn®p:
""kzmao, Rm≥ sXmSp-∂-sX√mw Imfn
Rm≥ tIƒ°p-∂-sX√mw Imfn-bpsS i–w
Rm≥ IÆ-S-®n-cp-∂m¬ Imfn Fs‚ ap∂n¬
\nXcmw \¿Ø\w sNøp∂p.
Rm≥ hn`m-h\ sNøp-∂-sX√mw
Imfo-_-‘n-bmb Imcy-߃!
Fs‚ a\ v Ct∏mgpw Akz-ÿ-amWv.''
CXn-∂p≈ tXmUm-]p-cn-bpsS adp-]Sn AXoh {it≤-b-am-bn-cp∂p:
""Imfn-°-∏p-dØv Hcp Znhy {]]-©-ap≠v.
AhnsS IS-∂p-sN-√Ww
AXn-\p≈ hgn at\m-\n-{K-l-amWv.''
at\m-\n-{K-l-sa-∂Xv a\- ns‚ hrØn-I-fpsS˛hnNm-c- hn-Im-c-ß-fpsS˛ \nb-
{¥-Whpw \n{K-lh - p-amWv. C{µn-bß- f
- pw _p≤nbpw CgpIn apgpIn \nev°p∂
`uXn-I-h-kvXp-°-fn¬\n∂v a\- ns\ hn\n¿ap-‡-am-°m≥ Ign-™m¬
225
am{Xw ssIh-cp∂ B\-µk - µ
- m-bI
- a
- mb Hc-hÿ
- m-¥c - Ø- n-te-°mWv tXmUm-
]pcn hnc¬Nq-≠n-bXv.
_p≤n-bpsS {]`mhw hnfn-®-dn-bn-°p∂ imkv{Xw {]IrXn \nb-a-
߃°v hnt[-ba - m-bmWv {]h¿Øn-°p-∂Xv. F∂m¬ {]IrXn Fhn-sS-\n∂v
Fßs\ F¥n\v Fhn-tSbv°v F∂o tNmZy-߃°p-Øcw \¬Im≥
imkv{X-Øn\v Ign-bp-∂n√. ÿnc-`m-h-hp-an√. A{Xbpw A]q¿Æhpw ]cn-
an-X-hp-amWv. F¥p-sIm≠v imkv{X-Øn\v ÿmbo-`m-h-an√? k\m-X-\-Xz-
an√? C∂sØ Is≠-Ø-en¬ "Is≠-Øn' "Is≠-Øn' F∂-´-l-kn®v
s]m´n-®n-cn-°p∂ imkv{X-temIw \msf-bXp Nq≠n ]Xn-cm-sW∂pw A‘-
hn-izm-k-am-sW∂pw ]gn-°p-tºmƒ Ahn-sSbpw t\Xn-i-–-am-Wm-a-{¥n-°-
s∏-Sp-∂Xv. At∏mƒ imkv{Xw At\z-j-W-amWv, Is≠-Ø-e√. _p≤n-bp-
sSbpw a\- n-s‚bpw kn≤n-I-fm-W-hnsS {]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. ]cn-anX hn`-
h-ß-fmWv _p≤nbpw a\- p-sa∂v \ma-dn-bp∂p. _p≤n-bp-sSbpw a\- n-
s‚bpw Ic-߃°v kv]¿in-°m≥ Ign-bmØ AI-e-ß-fn¬ h¿Øn-°p∂
k\m-X-\m-Im-i-sØ-°p-dn®pw AXn-te°v hgn \bn-°p∂ A`u-Xn-I-⁄m-
\-sØ-°p-dn®pw \ap-°-dn-bm≥ Ign-bWw. Adn-hns‚ ]q¿W-Xbv°v AX-
\n-hm-cy-amWv.
imkv{X-Im-cs‚ ap∂n¬ BZy-¥-ß-fn-√mØ Hcp khn-ti-j-h-kvXp-
hp≠v. AXmWv {]IrXn. AXns‚ BZy-h-km-\-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Ah-
t_m-[-ap-≠m-°m≥ imkv{X-Im-c≥ Ai-‡-\mWv. ImcWw Ah At±-l-
Øn\pw A{]m-]yhpw AtKm-N-c-hp-amWv. imkv{X-Øns‚ ]cn-an-Xn-b-dn-bp-
Ibpw AwKo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂-h¿t° k\m-X\ kXy-Øns‚ kpµc
{]]-©-Øn-te°v {]th-in-°m≥ ]‰q. Hcp t]¿jy≥I-hn-bpsS hN\w
ChnsS Gsd kwK-X-at{X.
""{]IrXn Hcp ]gb {KŸ-amWv
BZy-tØbpw Ah-km-\-tØbpw
t]Pp-Iƒ \jvS-s∏´ Cu {KŸ-Øns‚
Hcp {]Xn-bmWv imkv{X-⁄s‚ ssIbn-ep-≈Xv.''
Xs‚ ssIbnse {]IrXn F∂ {KŸ-Øns‚ BZysØbpw Ah-km-
\-sØbpw t]Pp-Iƒ \jvS-s∏-´n-cn-°p-I-bm-sW∂ kXyw imkv{X-Im-c≥
kΩ-Xn-°Ww. \jvS-s∏´ B t]Pp-I-fn-ep≈ At⁄-b-ß-fmb Bi-b-
߃IqSn Dƒs°m-≈p-tºmtg {]Ir-Xn-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ ]T-\hpw ]cm-a¿ihpw
]q¿Øn-bm-Ip-∂p≈q. {]Ir-Xn-bpsS C∂-sebpw \msf-bp-amWv BZy-¥-ß-
fnse Xmfp-I-fn¬ Bte-J\w sNbvXn-´p-≠m-bn-cn-°pI. hkvXp-t_m-[-
Øn¬ C∂-sebpw \msfbpw \n m-c-ß-f√. Hcp -]t£, C∂ns‚ A¿Yu-
Nn-Xy-ßs - f-°p-dn®v hni-Ie- \w sNøp-∂X - nepw hne-bn-cp-Øp-∂X- nepw \n¿Wm-
b-I-kzm-[o\w Ahbv-°m-bn-cn-°p-I-bn-s√∂v ]d-bm≥ ]‰ptam? AXn-\m¬
B \jvS-s∏´ t]Pp-Iƒ \mw Is≠-ØWw. AXp-IqSn tNcp-tºmƒ
am{Xsa kºq¿Wamb {]Ir-Xn-t_m[w, {]]-©-ho-£Ww, kXy Z¿i\w
km£m¬°-cn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp≈q.
a\p-jys‚ ]cn-Wmaw ssPh-]cw am{X-a-s√∂pw AXn-ep-]cn am\-kn-
I-am-sW∂pw AXv ""al-Ø-c-amb ]q¿Øo-I-c-W-amsW'' ∂pw Pqen-b≥
226 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw ]utcm-lnXyw hnIr-X-am-°nb aX-Xew 227

lIvkven {]kvXm-hn-®n-´p≠v. a\p-jys‚ BXy-¥n-Ihpw k¿thmXvIr-jvS- AXp-sIm-≠mWv aX-\m-a-߃

hp-amb e£yw "al-Ø-c-amb ]q¿Øo-I-cW' amsW∂v \maw-Ko-I-cn-°p-I- kvXpXn-h-N-\-ß-fm°n
bm-sW-¶n¬ \ΩpsS ap∂n-ep≈ am\-knI ]cn-Wm-a-Øns‚ kpZo¿L-amb P]-am-e-I-fm°n
KXnsb klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw \bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw t]mcp∂ a\p-jy-km-≤y-X- A\p-kyq-X-am-a-{¥n®v Bizm-k-a-S-bp-∂Xv.
I-fpsS Hcp imkv{Xw \ap-°m-h-iy-amWv. tUm. cm[m-Ir-jvW≥ ]d™ BN-cn-°-s∏-Sm-\m-b-h-X-cn-∏n-®Xv
"imkv{Xo-b-aXw AYhm aXm-fl-I-imkv{Xw' hnh-£n-°p∂ Bi-b-Xew
Ba{¥n-®m-izmkw sIm≈p∂ Xe-apd!
CXn¬ \n∂-\y-a√. C∂sØ imkv{X-Øns‚ A]q¿WX AhnsS ]cn-l-
cn-°-s∏-Sp∂p. km¿Y-I-amb PohnX kw]q¿Øn°v AXv klm-b-I-ambn hgn-b√, hgn-\-bn-s®-Øp∂
h¿Øn-°p∂p. a\p-jy-km-[y-X-I-fpsS Cu imkv{X-sØ-bmWv B[ym-fln- k∂n-[n-bmWv apJyw.
I-hnZy F∂v hnfn-°p-∂Xv. {_“-hn-Zybpw kXy-th-Z-hp-sa√mw AXns‚ aX-a√, aX-a-\p-imkn-°p∂ Pohn-Xhpw
\mam-¥-c-ß-fmWv. aXw Nq≠p∂ alm-k-Xy-hp-amWv ka-mcm[yw.
aXw am¿§-amWv, e£y-a√.
e£ysØ ad∂v, am¿KsØ Bcm-[y-am-bv°≠v
h¿Æ-®m-b-ß-fn´v,
tXmc-W-߃ sIm≠-e-¶-cn®v
hoWp-cp≠v Npw_n®v
IÆo-cp-sIm-≠-`n-tj-Nn®v

37 kXy-Øn-te-°p≈ hgnsb
kXy-am°n am‰p∂ sshIr-X-amWv
\mw sNbvXp t]mcp-∂Xv.
A¥y-izm-kw hsc
A¥n-a-e-£y-sas¥-∂-dn-bmsX
aXw am¿K-amWv A‘-X-bn-epg-ep∂ P\-]Zw!
""\n\°v Rm≥ kΩm-\n-®n-cn-°p∂ H∂m-asØ hnf°v! shfn®w
a\p-jy-\n¬\n∂v ssZh-Øn-te-°p≈ ImWn-°p-hm≥ Ign-bmØ Zqc-tØ°v shfn®w ImWn-°p-hm-\m-Wt√m
bm{Xm-]-Y-amWv aXw. Rm≥ \n\°v thZw \evIn-bXv. AXv apgp-h\pw \nt∂m-Sp≈ Fs‚ {]kw-
aXw ssZh-a√, K-ß-fmWv, D÷ze {]kw-K-߃. F∂n´pw \o F¥mWv sNøp-∂Xv? t\cw
]pe¿∂-bp-Ss\ ssIbpw apJ-hp-sa√mw IgpIn, hpfp sNbvXp, hrØn-
ssZh k∂n-[n-bn-te-°p≈ am¿KamWv.
bp≈ hkv{Xw [cn®v, Jn_v-e-bpsS t\sc Xncn™v, Xe-bn¬ sXm∏nbpw
aXw am¿K-amWv, e£y-a√Xs∂. sh®v Fs‚ B Hm¿U-dp-I-sf√mw AXyp-®-Øn¬ Fs∂ Ctßm´p \o
apJw hnIr-X-am-°-s∏´ Zpc-h-ÿ-bn-emWv aX-an∂v, hmbn®p tIƒ∏n-°p∂p. HSp-hn¬ Hcp _ns√-gpXn Fs‚ ap∂n-tebv°v \o
AXm-Wn∂v aXw t\cn-Sp∂ sh√p-hn-fnbpw. sh®p-\o-´p∂p ˛ Rm≥ C{X-t]Pv, C{X-hcn, \√ A£-c-ip-≤n-tbmsS
Pohn-X-Øn¬ aX-Øns‚ ]s¶-s¥∂v l¿^p-I-fpsS aJvd-Pp-Iƒ X¿°o°v, X^vJow, Kp∂Øv, Cam-eØv apX-
\mw sX‰n-≤-cn-®n-cn-°p∂p. emb hmb\mapd-Iƒ kkq£vaw ]men-®p-sIm≠v \ns∂ hmbn®p tIƒ∏n-
am¿KsØ e£y-am-bn-°-≠m¬ ®n-´p≠v. Hscm‰ a±pw \n›nX tXmXn-tesd Rm≥ \o´n-bn-´n√. AXp-
]ns∂ bm{X-bm-h-iy-an√, At\z-j-Whpw. sIm≠v Cu hI-bn¬ F\n°v C{Xbn{X Iqen- In-t´-≠-Xp≠v. CXmWv
aXw Dt±-in-°p-∂Xv _n√v. ""Rm≥ Fs‚ ssIIƒ sIm≠v -ky-jvSn®'' (38:75) \obm-Wt√m
\mw ssIh-cn-®p-I-gn™p F∂p hcp-tºmƒ Cßs\ Xmgv∂p t]mbXv! F∂v hne-]n-°mt\ tXm∂p-∂p≈q (kn.F≥)
am¿KsØ e£y-am-bn-°-cpXn, BNm-c-߃°v AanX {]m[m\yw
aXsØ Bcm-[y-sa∂p IcpXn
\evIn, A√m-lp-hns‚ ]hn{X `qan-I-bn-se-Øm≥ hn{`-a-Nn-Ø-cm-bn-°-gn-
]qPn-°m≥ XpSßpw.
228 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
bp∂ \sΩ-sbm∂v {i≤n-®m¬ a\- n-emIpw \mw hgn-bn¬ Htc-bn-SØv InS-
∂p-cp-fp-I-bm-sW∂v. PohnXw hy¿Yam-sb∂v At∏mƒ t_m[y-amhpw.
Jp¿-B-\n¬ aX-Øns‚ hyXykvX hi-ß-sfbpw {]Ir-X-sØbpw
{]Xn-]m-Zn-°m-\p-]-tbm-Kn® ]Z-ß-sf√mw aXw e£y-a√ am¿K-am-sW∂
alm kXysØ {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-I-bmWv.
Zo≥ ˛ ]mX
akveIv ˛ CSp-ßnb aeºmX
ico-AØv ˛ \Zn-bn-te°v \o≠p-t]m-Ip∂ hgn
XcoJ ˛ Hcp ]´-W-Øn¬\n∂v as‰mcp ]´-W-Øn-te-°p≈ hgn.
kzndmØv ˛ Bcm-[-\m-tI-{µ-ß-fn-te-°p≈ hgn
DΩx˛ Hcp t\Xm-hns‚ Iogn¬ Hcp {]tXyI Zni-bn-te°v H‰-b-Sn-∏m-
X-bn-eqsS \oßp∂ kwLw.
k_o¬, an√Xv, an≥lmPv, al-÷Xv, in¿-AXv, i¿-Av˛XpS-ßnb ]Z-
ß-sf√mw am¿Kw F∂ Bi-bsØ Bh-ln®p \nev°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂v \mw
a\- n-em-°p∂p.
aX-sa-∂Xv am¿K-amWv˛aÆn¬\n∂v ssZh k∂n-[n-bn-te-°p≈ am¿Kw.
APvR-X-bnepw Be-ky-Ønepw Aew-`m-h-Ønepw B™p-In-S-°p∂ P\-
ß-sf-°qSn hgn-\-bn-®p-sIm≠v ssZham¿K-Øn-eq-sS-bp≈ bm{X. AXm-
Wn-hnsS hnh-£nXw. Nne-cn-hnsS ]mX-bpsS ku`m-KysØ Io¿Øn®pIgn-
bp-I-bmWv. a‰p Nne-cm-Is´ ]mX-bn¬ Ib-dn-bn-cp∂v AXns‚ KpW-]-cX
hni-I-e\w sNøp∂p. Ccp-hcpw am¿Kw e£y-am-sW∂v IcpXn Ign-bp∂p.
aXw am¿K-amWv, aXw e£y-a√.
38
aÆn-tet°m hnÆn-tet°m?
k¿h-i-‡-\mb ssZhw, AJn-em-fi-tImSn {_“m-fi-I-Sm-l-Øn-
s‚bpw A[n-\m-b-I-\mb ssZhw ae-°p-I-tfmSv ]d™p, Rm≥ `qan-bn-
te°v Fs‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-bmbn a\p-jys\ kr„n-®-b-°m≥ t]mhp-I-bm-
sW∂v.
CXp-tI-´-t∏mƒ ae-°p-Iƒ ]c-kv]cw t\m°n hnkva-bw-Iqdn. ae-°p-
Iƒ ssZh-tØmSv Cßs\ hne-]n®p:
al-Ø-c-amb ]q¿Øo-I-cWw 229
""c‡w sNmcn-bm\pw Ip‰w sNøm\pw
hntZz-jhpw {]Xn-Im-chpw hf¿Øm-\p-amtWm
Aßv a\p-jys\ krjvSn-°m≥ t]mIp-∂Xv?''
F¥p-sIm-≠mWv ae-°p-Iƒ ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn¬ Aß-s\-b-dn-bn-
®Xv? ssZhw {]Xn-h-Nn®p:
""\n߃°-dn-bm-ØXv F\n-°-dnbmw.''
a\p-jy-s\-°p-dn®v ae-°p-Iƒ kXy-ambpw ]q¿W-ambpw [cn-®n-´n-
s√∂pw Ip‰w sNøm\pw hntZz-jhpw {]Xn-Im-chpw hf¿Øm\pw am{Xw-
t]m-cp∂ £p{Z-Po-hn-b√ a\p-jy-s\∂pw ssZhw Icp-Xp∂p. t\cmw-hÆw
{]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn-bm¬ hnkva-b-߃ hnf-bn-°m≥ t]mcp∂ hnin„
kr„n-bmWv a\p-jy-s\∂pw ssZh-a-dn-bp∂p. B hnkva-b-Øns‚ hnf-\n-e-
amb a\p-jys\ ae-°p-Iƒ th≠-hn[w a\- n-em-°n-bn√. AXp-sIm-
≠mWv AX-dn-bp∂ ssZhw ae-°p-I-tfmSv ]d-™Xv ""\n߃°-dn-bmØ
Nne-sX-\n-°-dnbm''sa∂v.
`qan-bn¬ Hcp atl-Xn-lmkw Bcw-`n-°p∂p. AXns‚ s]cp-º-d-bm-
W-hnsS apg-ßn-bXv. ssZhw a\p-jys\ kr„n-°m≥ XpSßn.
ssZh-Øns‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-bm-b-Xp-sIm≠v hne-]n-Sn-∏p≈ A]q¿h- h-
kvXp-°s - f-s°m-≠m-bn-cn°pw a\pjy kwc-N\- s
- b∂v Bcpw Icp-Xn-t∏mIpw.
F∂m¬ kI-e-⁄-\mb ssZhw aÆp-sIm-≠mWv a\p-jys\ krjvSn-®Xv.
aÆp-sIm≠v a\p-jys\ kr„n® Imcyw Jp¿-B≥ \nc-h[n {]mhiyw
]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p≠v (55:14, 15:26, 6:2, 23:12). ASn-™p-Iq-Snb aÆp-sIm-
s≠∂v, Agp-In-b-a-Æp-sIm-s≠∂v, Ifn-a-Æp-sIm-s≠∂v.
\n m-c-h-kvXp-°-fn¬ AXo-h-\n- m-c-amWv a¨Nfn. Nfn-bn-e-a-cp∂
Pohn-I-sf-°mƒ \n m-c-amb Pohn-Iƒ P¥p {]]-©-Øn-en√. k¿hm-cm-[y-
\mb ssZhw `qan-bnse Xs‚ {]Xn-\n-[nsb kr„n-°p-∂Xv \n m-c-Ønepw
\n m-c-amb Nfn-sIm≠v˛{]Xn-\n-[n-bn-eqsS ssZhsØ ImWm≥ {ian-
®m¬? F¥m-bmepw Hcp ]¥n-tI-Sp-≠-Xn¬. Hcp ]t£ At_m-[-amb Hcp
\nan-j-Øn¬ ssZh-Øn\v ]nW™ A_-≤-amtWm AXv? Aß-s\- h-cn√.
\nXy-ssN-X-\y-[-\y-amb tZh-`m-h-Øn¬ At_m-[-\n-an-j-ß-fm-tcm-]n-®p-
IqSm. ]cn-]q¿WX-bpsS Cuiz-c-Xz-Øn¬ A_-≤-hrØn Fs∂m-∂p-≠m-
hp-Ib- p-an√. ssZh-Øns‚ eoem-hn-em-kß- ƒt]mepw kt_m[w tkmt±iyw
\n¿h-ln-°-s∏-Sp∂ km¿∞-I-hr-Øn-I-fmWv.
a\p-jy-s\-∂Xv Hcp ka-\z-b-k-Xz-amWv. \n m-c-X-bpsS a¨N-fnbpw
k\m-X-\-Xz-Øns‚ hcn„ ssNX-\yhpw a\p-jy-\n¬ ka-\z-bn-°p∂p.
NfnaÆpw hcn„ ssNX\yhpw ka-\z-bn-®-t∏m-gmWv ssZh-Øns‚ ssII-
fn¬ a\p-jy≥ cq]-s∏-Sp-∂Xv. {[ph-kw-Ka-Øns‚ kpµ-tc-Xn-lm-k-amWv
a\pjy kwc-N\.
At∏mƒ a\p-jys‚ ap∂n¬ kp{]-[m-\-amb Hcp {]iv\w Db¿∂p-h-
cp∂p:
\o a¨N-fn-bn-tet°m
AtXm alnX ssNX-\y-Øn-tet°m?
\o a¨N-fn-bn-te°v XcwXmgm≥
230 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
sImXn-°pt∂m?
\o Cuiz-c-k-∂n-[n-bn-ep-b¿∂p-s]mßm
\m{K-ln-°p-∂pt≠m?
a\p-jys\ kr„n®p Ign-™-t∏mƒ ssZhw Ahs\ \ma-߃ ]Tn-
∏n®p. (BZw˛am\p-jy-I-Øns‚ {]XoIw) Ah≥ \ma-ß-fpsS ssIh-i-
°m-c-\mbn. CX-dn™ amem-J-am¿ Akz-ÿ-cmbn. Ah-cn-ßs\ Xß-fpsS
]cn-`h
- a- d- n-bn®p:
""{]Im-iw-sIm-≠mWv Rßsf kr„n-®Xv
aÆn¬\n∂mWv a\p-jy-s\-bp-≠m-°n-bXv
F∂n´pw ssZhw Rß-sf-°mƒ
Ahs\ CjvS-s∏-Sp∂p.''
A√mlp Cß-s\-b-dn-bn®p:
""\n߃°-dn-bm-ØXv Rm\-dn-bp∂p.
\n߃ Fs‚ kr„n-bpsS ap∂n¬ \an-°pI.''
amem-J-am¿ a\p-jys‚ ap∂n¬ Zo¿L-Zfiw {]W-an®p.
Ckvemw a\p-jy\v \evInb ]Z-hnbpw {]map-Jyhpw F{X DZm-Ø-
amWv! Xs‚ kmao]yw Gsd Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂-h-sc∂ kXyhpw {]Im-i-
Øn¬\n∂v ]nd-hn-sb-Sp-Ø-h-sc∂ A`n-PmX `mhhpw Hm¿Ωn-®p-sIm-≠p-
Xs∂ BZ-ans‚ ]n∂n¬ \S-°m-\mWv, a\p-jys\ \an-°m-\mWv A√mlp
amem-J-am-tcm-Sm-h-iy-s∏-´Xv. Imcy-a-{X-bp-am-b-t∏mƒ F¥p-sIm≠v a\p-
jy\v˛BZ-an\v apJyX \evIn F∂v amem-J-amsc [cn-∏n-°m≥ A√mlp
Xocp-am-\n®p.
A√mlp Ccp-Iq-´¿°p-ambn Hcp ]co£ \SØn. Iptd hkvXp-°sf
Nq≠n Ah-bpsS t]¿ ]d-bm≥ ssZhw amem-Ja - m-tcm-Sm-hi
- y-s∏´p. Ah¿°v
Ah-bpsS t]cp-If - d
- n-bn-√m-bn-cp∂p. BZw Xr]vXn-Ic- a
- mbn DØcw ]d™p.
amem-J-am¿ ke÷w Xe-XmgvØn. Adnhpw kn≤n-Ifpw hf¿Øn-sb-SpØ
a\p-jys‚ ap∂n¬ amem-J-am¿ ]cm-Pn-X-cmbn. amem-J-am-sc-°mƒ {]mY-
ayhpw {]map-Jyhpw a\p-jy\v ssIh-∂Xv Ah≥ t\Snb Adn-hp-sIm-
≠mWv. Adn-hns‚ ]co-£-bn¬ a\p-jy≥ hnPbw ssIh-cn-®-Xp-ap-X¬
amem-Ja - m-cpsS ap≥\n-cb - n-tebv°v Ah≥ Db¿Ø-s∏´p. amem-Ja
AwKo-I-cn-®p-sIm≠v a\p-jy-\p-ap-∂n¬ hn\-bm-\zn-X-cmbn. CXmWv a\p-
jys\ kw_-‘n® Ckvem-anI k¶ev]w.
X\n°v ssIh∂ hnti-j-_p-≤n-bpsS A\p-{K-lw-sIm≠v a\p-jy≥
temI-cl - k - y-߃˛{]]-©c - l
- k
- y-ßf
- msI˛Adn-bp∂p. AXn-\m¬ Ah≥
temIØv cmP-`m-h-a-Wn™v h¿Øn-°p∂p. Ahs‚ ap∂n¬ kakvX Ncm-
N-c-ßfpw ASn-]-Wn-bp∂p. kqcy-N-{µ-∑mcpw `qanbpw BIm-ihpw F¥n\v,
amem-J-am¿t]mepw! Ah≥ Htc-Im-eØv kr„nbpw {k„mhpw ]cn-Nm-c-
I\pw bP-am-\\pw ssZh-{]o-Xn°v ka¿l\pw ssZh-Øns‚ {]Xn-\n-[n-t]m-
ep-ambn {]`m-kn-°p∂p.
a\p-jys‚ A¿[mwKw ssZh-IrX ssNX-\y-Øn-t‚-XmWv. AXp-
sIm-≠m-W-h∂v ssZh-k-∂n-[n-bn-te°v k©-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa∂v ]d-bp-
∂Xv. ]t£, Xs∂-b-dn-bWw. Xs‚ am¿Khpw a\- n-em-°Ww. Bfl-
al-Ø-c-amb ]q¿Øo-I-cWw 231
t_m[w hgn ssIh∂ IcpØpw ssZh-am¿K-sØ-°p-dn-®p-≈p-sX-fn-™-
t_m-[hpw Ah-∂p-≠m-bn-cn-°Ww. ssZhm-h-t_m-[-an-√mØ Hcp kr„n°v
ssZh-k-∂n[n {]m]n-°pI km[y-a√. a\p-jy-\n¬\n∂v ssZhw {]Xo-£n-
°p-∂Xv as‰m-∂mWv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv ssZhw Ah∂v am{Xw hnti-j-
_p≤n kΩm-\n-®Xv. AXp-sIm-≠mWv Ah∂pth≠n {]hm-N-I-s\-b-
b®Xpw thZ-{KŸw \evIn-bXpw.
Xs∂-°p-dn-®-dn-bm\pw ssZh-am¿§-Øn-eqsS {]bm-W-am-cw-`n-°m\pw
{ian-°p-tºmƒXs∂ as‰mcp i‡n Ahs\ ]nd-tIm´v hen-°p-∂p≠v.
]nim-Nns‚ i‡n-bmWv Xs‚ hcp-Xn-bn-te-s°m-Xp-°m≥ Ahs\ ]nd-
tIm´v hen-°p-∂Xv. AXv XI¿®-bn-te°pw Be-ky-Øn-te°pw Aew-`m-
h-Øn-te°pw ac-hn-∏n-te°pw ac-W-Øn-te-°p-amWv. \n m-chpw hnIr-
Xhpw aen-\-hp-amb GsXmcp hkvXp-sIm≠v a\p-jy≥ \n¿an-°-s∏-´pthm
B Nfn-bn-te°p Ahs\ Aa¿Øn-sbm-Xp-°p-∂-Xp-hsc AXv XpScpw. a\p-
jy-\-hnsS ac-hn®v, hnd-ß-en®v HSp°w Ipi-hs‚ ssIbnse DW-°-s∏m-
Sn-t]m-emIpw; Zb-\ob ac-W-a-XmWv.
ssZh-am¿K-Øn-te-°p≈ {]bm-W-K-Xn-bn¬ a\p-jy≥ Iq-Sp-X¬ IqSp-
X¬ {]Im-ihpw ssNX-\y-hp-ap-≈-h-\m-bn-am-dp∂p. IqSp-X¬ IqSp-X¬
i‡nbpw ku`m-Kyhpw ]q¿WXbpw Ahs\ AI-ºSn tkhn-°p∂p. {Ia-
Øn-e-h≥ hnkva-b-ß-fpsS ambqc ]nRvOw hnS¿Øn hf¿∂-pb¿∂v
s]mßp-∂Xv k\m-X\ kuµ-cy-Øns‚ lcn-X-`q-an-I-bn-te-°m-bn-cn°pw.
aÆn-s‚bpw hnÆn-s‚bpw khn-ti-j-X-I-fm-hm-ln®psIm≠v a\p-
jy≥ \nev°p∂p. {]Ir-Xn-bn¬˛{]]-©-Øn¬˛ssZhhpw ]nimNpw ]c-
kv]cw a’-cn-®p-sIm≠v h¿Øn-°p∂p F∂ [mc-W-bmWv aX-ß-sf√mw
ChnsS {]N-cn-∏n-®Xv. F∂m¬ Ckvemw aXw {]t_m-[n-∏n-°p-∂Xv {]Ir-
Xn-bn¬ ssZhn-I-i‡n am{Xta, Ah-ÿm\w sNøp-∂p≈p F∂mWv. a\p-
jy-a-\- mWv bp≤-`qan. Ahn-sS-bmWv t]mcm´w. a\p-jy-\nse ssZhmw-i-
Øn-s\-Xnsc ]nimNv s]mcp-Xm≥ {ian-°p-I-bmWv. a\p-jy≥ [¿a\n-jvT-
\mbn, KpW-]-£-]m-Xn-bmbn sNdp-Øp-\n∂v s]mcpXn apt∂-dWw. B
t]mcm-´-Øn-\m-h-iy-amb hcm-bp-[-߃ A√mlp a\p-jy\v \evIn-bn-´p-≠v.
- m¿ A¿lX Ah-sb-SpØv {]tbm-Kn-°m-\h - \v i‡nbpw {]m]vXn-bp-ap-≠m-hWw. X∂nse
Zu¿_-ey-ß-fpsS ]gp-Xn-eqsS ]nim-Nns‚ IS-∂p-I-b‰sØ I≠-dn-bm-
\p≈ Pm{K-X-bm-Wn-hn-sS-bm-hiyw. Bkp-c-i-‡n-s°-Xnsc s]mcp-Xn-P-
bn®v, a\p-jy-i-‡nsb {]hr-≤-am°n hn`m-hn-X-e£yw km[n-°p-tºm-gmWv
Pohn-X-[-\y-X-b-Wn-bp-∂Xv. aÆn-eq∂n A√m-lp-hns‚ Xncp-k-∂n-[n-bn-te-
°p-b¿s∂-ØpI F∂ {]Xo-Im-fl-I-amb {]t_m-[-\-amWv aÆp-sIm-
≠p≈ a\p-jy-kw-c-N-\-bn¬ {]tZym-Xn-°p-∂Xv.
X∂nse ]nim-Nn\v ]nSn-sIm-Sp-°msX, a\p-jy≥ A√m-lp-hns‚
shfn-]m-Sp-Iƒ {i≤n®v apt∂m´v t]mIWw. B bm{Xm-]-YsØ hnNm-c-a-
Xn-Iƒ Cß-s\-bmWv hnh-cn-®Xv:
'...... "
'. . . . . . '
232 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw aXw am¿KamWv 233

At∏mƒ a\p-jys‚ ap∂n-ep≈ tNmZyw CXp-am{Xw. A£-ch - n-πh- Ø- ns‚

""aÆn-tet°m hnÆn-tet°m?'' s]cp-º-d- ap-g°n.
kXy-ambpw \Ωƒ A√m-lp-hn-t‚-Xm-Wv˛AXn-\m¬ Atßm´v kº-Øns‚ tI{µo-I-cWw XS-bm≥
Xncn®psNt√-≠-h-cmWv \mw. ]pØ≥ \oXn -\n-b-a-ß-f-h-X-cn∏n®p.
aZy-]m\w, NqXm´w, hy`n-Nmcw, sIm≈-∏-eni
F∂n-hbv-s°-Xnsc
k\n-jvI¿j-amb kao-]-\-ß-fm-hn-jvI-cn®p.
NqjW ap‡-amb kzX-{¥-k-ap-Zm-b-Øn\v
th≠n-bp≈ `c-W-{Iaw Nn´-s∏-SpØn.
A`n-{]mb kzmX-{¥yhpw
\yq\-]£ - c - £- W- hpw
hnizm-k-X-e-ß-fnse kln-jvWp-Xbpw

39
Dd-∏p-hc- pØn.
Jp¿-B≥ ]q¿Whpw A\yq-\hp-amWv,
Hcp ktN-X\ {KŸ-amWv,
AXn-c-‰Xpw A]-cn-ta-b-hp-amWv.
Ak-Zr-i-amWv
km¿h-eu-In-I-amWv
Ak-Zriw, AXyp-ZmØw kvt^mS-I-amWv
hnπ-hm- flIamWv.
Xn∑sb \ntj-[n-°pI, \ncm-I-cn-°pI ! ! !
\n¿am¿÷\w sNøpI
\∑sb ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-ØpI; A∂v {]hm-N-Is‚ Pohn-X-Ønse kp{]-[m-\-amb Hcp Znh-k-am-bn-
]c-as- a-∂d
- n-bn-°pI cp∂p. Xs‚ PohnX ZuXyw ]q¿Øn-bm-hm-dmbn Fs∂mcp tXm∂¬ At±-
\∑ \nd™ [oc-\q-X\ kaqlw l-Øn-\p-≠mbn. ssZhw Xs∂-tbev]n® _m[y-X-bmWv ka¿∏-W-a-\-
kwhn[m\w sNøpI. t msS {]hm-N-I≥ At∂mfw sNbvXpt]m∂Xv. Xs‚ Ime-ti-jhpw
C{X-bp-amWv GXv hnπh {]ÿm-\-Øn-s‚bpw I¿a-Imfiw. A√m-lp-hn‚ Xncp-h-N- p-Iƒ P-\-a-\- p-I-fnepw Ime-Øns‚ A¥-co-£-
Ckvemw kq£vam¿YØn¬ Hcp hnπh {]ÿm-\-amWv. Ønepw apg-ßn-\nev°Ww F∂v At±-l-am-{K-ln®p. Nc-a-Zn-i-bn¬\n∂v-
Cu I¿a-Im-fi-Øn-eqsS, Ah-Zm-\-X-tbmsS sIm≠v \n¿h-ln-°p∂ Hsc-m-ky-Øvt]mse P\-ßsf AX-dn-bn-°-W-
Dd® Imevsh-∏p-I-tfmsS, Ckvemw apt∂m´v \S∂p. sa∂v {]hm-N-I-\m-{K-ln®p. Ahn-S∂v BZy-ambpw Ah-km-\-ambpw \n¿h-
Ad-_n-I-fp-sS-bn-S-bnse AXym-Nm-c-߃s°-Xnsc ln® l÷v I¿ath-f-bn¬ a°-bn¬ Ipd-®-I-se-bp≈ Ad^m ae-bmWv
A‘-hn-izm-k-߃s°-Xnsc, Xs‚ kam-]-\ `m-j-W-Øn-\p≈ thZn-bmbn At±lw Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXv.
Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-Øn-e`nZ¿in-°-s∏´ Atßm´v \S∂p. Ad^m aeapI-fn¬ Ibdn\n∂p. ]c-k-l-{k-߃ IÆpw
`oI-c-amb {]mIr-Xm-h-ÿ-bvs°-Xnsc ImXpw Iq¿∏n®v NphsS \nev°p∂p. {]hm-N-I≥ `mj-W-am-cw-`n®p. Xm\-
Ckvemw s]mcpXn. t∂mfw ssZ\wZn\ -Po-hn-X-Øn-em-Ncn®pw {]t_m-[n-∏n®pw t]m∂ I¿a
ASn-a-Ø-a-h-km-\n-∏n-°m≥ {]]-©-Øns‚ kmc-kw-t£-]-amWv At±lw Xs‚ {]`m-j-W-Øn-em-hn-
Bh-iy-am-b-sX√mw sNbvXp. jvI-cn-®Xv. Ah Ckvemw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS lrZ-b-`m-K-sØ-bmsI sXfn-
ASn-a-I-tfbpw kv{XoI-tfbpw Zp¿_-e-tcbpw ®p-Im-´m≥ t]m∂-hb - m-bn-cp∂p. At±lw Zo¿L-ambn kwkm-cn-®n√. F∂m¬
kzm`n-am-\-tØmsS, kz¥w Imen¬ \nev°m≥ At±-l-Øns‚ hm°p-Iƒ AhnsS IqSn-\n-∂-h-cn¬ {]Xn-kv^µap-f-hm°n.
klm-bn-°p∂ hyh-ÿ-I-fp-≠m°n. Ah¿ Npa-X-e-s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏-´-h-sc-t∏mse, ZuXy-hm-l-I-sc-t∏mse ]e Zni-
Adn-hn-√m-bva-bpsS A\¿Y-߃°-dp-Xn-h-cp-Øm≥ I-fn-te-°p-ambn ]ncn-™p-t]mbn.
ChnsS as‰mcp Imcyw \ΩpsS {]tXyI {i≤bv°v hnt[-b-amhWw.
234 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
{]hm-N-I≥ Xs‚ {it≤-b-amb hnS-hm-߃ {]kwKw \n¿h-ln-°m≥
F¥n\v Ad^m ae Xnc-s™-SpØp? kXy-th-Z -Z¿i-\-Øns‚ A¥x-kw-
kvIm-c-tØmSv BZ-chv ImWn-°p∂ {]hm-N-I-a-\ v \ap-°-hnsS ImWmw.
Ad^m aebv°v Hcp khn-ti-j-]-›m-Ø-e-ap≠v. BZysØ {]hm-N-
I-\mb BZw kz¿K-Øn¬\n∂v _ln-jvIr-X-\m-b-t∏mƒ A`bw tXSn-sb-
Øn-bXv (bmZr-On-I-amhmw) Ad-^-bpsS apIƒ∏-c-∏n-em-bn-cp∂p. {]hm-NI-
]-c-º-c-bpsS BZn-kv^µw Ahn-sS-b-\p-`-h-s∏´p. B {]hm-NI-]cºc
apl-ΩZv \_n-bn¬ hs∂-Øn-\n-ev°p∂p F∂mWv apk¬-am≥ IcpXp-
∂Xv. {]hm-N-I≥ Xs‚ hnS-hm-߬ {]`m-j-W-Øn\v Ad^m ae-ap-I-fn¬
Ibdn\n∂-t∏mƒ BZ-an-em-cw-`n®v X∂n-seØn\nev°p∂ {]hm-N-I-]-c-º-
csb kvacn-®n-cn°pw. CkvemwkwkvIrXn GsX-¶n-ep-samcp {]hm-N-I-\n-
eqsSbh-Xo¿W-amb Z¿i\ kap-®-b-a√. AXv BZysØ {]hm-N-I≥
sXm´p-≈-h-cn-eqsS {]Im-in-X-amb Z¿i\ sshhn-[y-ß-fpsS kmc-kw-t£-
]-amWv. CkvemwZ¿i-\sØ kw]q¿Øo-I-cn® apl-ΩZv \_n Ad-^-bpsS
apI-fn¬ \nev°p-tºm¬ {]hm-N-I-]-c-º-csb {]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp∂p
F∂mWv `mjyw. At∏mtg CkvemwkwkvIr-Xn-bpsS k¿hm-Xn-im-bn-
bmb ka-{KX temI-Øn\v t_m[y-s∏-Sp-I-bp≈q. Cusbmcp hnti-j-hn-
Nm-c-amWv Xs‚ hnS-hm-߬ {]`m-j-W-Øn\v Ad-^m-ae Xnc-s™-Sp-°m≥
{]hm-N-Is\ {]cn-∏n-®Xv.
]q¿h-th-Z-ßsf Ah-bpsS auen-I-amb cq]-`m-h-X-e-ß-fn¬ Ckvemw
Dƒs°m-≈p∂p. F∂m¬ Imehpw A\p-N-c-∑m-cpsS \n£n]vX-Xm¬]-cy-
ßfpw hcp-Øn-sh® hn\-I-sfbpw sshIr-X-ß-sfbpw Ckvemw \ncm-I-cn-
°p∂p. ]utcm-ln-Xyhpw h¿Wm-h¿W t`Z-ßfpw k¶p-NnX Xm¬]-cy-
ßfpw aX-ßsf aen-\-am-°n-bn-´p≠v. a\p-jy≥ kZm-Nm-c-]-c-ambn Xcw
Xmgp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
""Cu {KŸw kXy-k-taXw \mw Xm¶ƒ°v Cd-°n-Ø∂p. CXns‚
apºp≈ {KŸsØ icn-sh-°p-∂Xpw taevt\m´w sNøp-∂-Xp-am-
WnXv. AXpsIm≠v A√mlp Cd-°n-b-Xns\ B[m-c-am°n Ah¿°n-
S-bn¬ Xm¶ƒ hn[n- I-ev]n-°Ww. Xm¶ƒ°v e`n® kXyw shSn™v
Ah-cpsS A`o-jvS-ßsf Xm¶ƒ ]n¥p-S-ccp-Xv. \nß-fn¬ Hmtcm Ime-
L-´-Øn\pw Hmtcm-\n-b-a-kw-ln-Xbpw \S-]-Sn-®-´hpw \mw G¿s∏-Sp-
Øn-bn-´p≠v.''
235
thZ-{K-Ÿs
- Ø-°p-dn®v
""Jp¿-B≥ `‡n-]q¿hw ]Tn-°p∂ Hmtcm hnZym¿Yn°pw {ItaW
A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-∂Xv ]d-™-dn-bn-°m≥ Ign-bmØ A\n¿h-N-\o-b-
amb Hcm-\-µ-amWv. B hnZym¿Yn-bpsS Ignhv h¿[n--°p-∂-X-\p-k-
cn®v Abmƒ°p-≠m-Ip∂ Ah-t_m-[hpw h¿[n-®psImt≠-bn-cn°pw.
B ]T\w Hcp ]¿h-Xm--tcml-Is‚ A\p-`-h-Øn-t\mSv Xpeyw sNøm-
hp∂XmsW∂v ]dbmw. Abmƒ apI-fn-tem´v Ib-dp-tºmgpw Zqsc-
bp≈ ÿe-߃ {Ia-Øn¬ {Ia-Øn¬ IqSp-X-embn ZrjvSn-bn¬ s]Sp-
at√m. Nm]vam≥ hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX tlma-dpsS CXn-lmk Imhyw
BZy-ambn hmbn-®-t∏mƒ Io‰vkv F∂ BwKe Ihn°v Df-hmb A\p-
`qXn kp{]-kn-≤-amb Hcp KoX-I-Øn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-®n-´p≠v. Hcp
thyma \nco-£-I≥ Hcp ]pXnb {Klw Is≠-Øp-tºmƒ Abmƒ°p-
≠m-Ip∂ A\p-`-h-tØmSpw Hcp `qJ-fi-Øns‚ ap\-ºn-ep≈ Hcp
Kncn-irw-J-Øn¬ Ibdn\n∂ Hcp ZnKvk©mcn alm-kap{Zw I≠-
t∏mƒ Abmƒ°p-≠mb A\p-`-h-tØm-SpamWv Io‰vkv kzm-\p-`-
hsØ Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂Xv. hnip≤ Jp¿-B≥ \ΩpsS B[ym-
flnI t\{X-ßsf Xpd-°p-tºmƒ \ap-°p-≠m-Ip∂ B\-µhpw hnkva-
bhpw taep-≤-cn® A\p-`-h-ßsf _lp-Zqcw AXn-i-bn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-
cn°pw. ]pXnb ]pXnb A¿Y߃ \ap°v ImWm≥ km[n°pw. A`n-
\-h-amb taJ-e-I-fn¬ \msaØn--t®cpw.
˛A_vZp≈ bqkp-^en
Jp¿-Bs‚ kzm[o-\-an-s√¶n¬ temI-Øn¬
im¥nbpw kam-[m-\hpw \n\-\n-ev°n√.
-˛tamUn]v ImÃn≥Im¿
Jp¿-Bs‚ ssien-lr-Zb
- m-h¿-PI-amWv. AXv ka-{Khpw kºq¿Whpw
Imhy-Im-¥n-bp-‰-Xp-amWv. kpµ-c-am-b-am¿K-Øn-eqsS AXv ssZh-
kva-c-W-bp-W¿Øp∂p.
-˛tUm. Nm¿´¿
thZ-ß-fp-sSbpw ]pcm-W-ß-fp-sSbpw Imew Ign™p. Ct∏mƒ
temIsØ \bn-°m≥t]m∂ Htc-sbmcp {KŸw Jp¿B≥ am{Xw
˛Kpcp-\m-\m°v
Hcp kwi-b-Øn\pw CS \evImØ al-Zv{K-Ÿ-amWv Jp¿B≥.
236 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw
Bflm¿YX-bmWv AXns‚ G‰hpw henb alXzw. hnhn-[-ß-fmb
KpW-߃ Jp¿B≥ sIm≠p-≠m-bn-´p≠v. Hcp hnj-bsØ°pdn®v
Ah-km-\-hm°v ]d-bm≥t]mcp∂ {KŸw IqSn-bm-WXv.
˛tXma-kv Im¿sse¬.
Jp¿Bs‚ `mj kmlnXy ]pjv°-e-amWv. khn-ti-j-amb L-S-\bpw
Bhn-jvImc NmXp-c-Xbpw AXns\ Fs∂∂pw AXp-eyhpw A\p-
]-a-hp-am-°n-Øo¿°p∂p. AXnse \nb-a-߃ _p≤n°pw {]Ir-Xn°pw
tbmPn-®-XmWv.
˛ t]m∏p-e¿ F≥ssk-Ivtfm-]o-Unb
Fs‚ kØbpsS \yq\-X-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ Nn¥ kºq¿Æ-amb Hcp
kØbpsS AkvXn- X z- s Ø- ° p- d n®v Fs∂ t_m[- h m- \ m- ° n-
Øo¿°p∂p. B kºq¿W kØbmWv A]q¿W-Xsb-°p-dn-®p≈
t_m[w F∂n¬ \nt£-]n-®Xv F∂v hniz-kn-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ \n¿_-
‘-nX-\mWv. AsX, AXmWv ssZhw; AXn-s\-\n°v hgn-Im-´n-b-Xv
Jp¿B\pw.
˛ sU°m¿´v.
a\p-jy-lr-Zb-Øn¬ ssZhm-kvXn-Xz-sØ-°p-dn®p t_m[-ap-s≠-
∂XmWv Fs‚ A`n-{]m-b-Øn¬ ssZhm-kvXn-Xz-Øn-\p≈ G‰hpw
henb ZrjvSm¥w. ssZhnI `m-h\ lrZ-b-Øne¶p-cn-°-Ø° Bflob
i‡n-bp≈ GI Pohn Cu {]]-©-Øn¬ a\p-jy≥ am{X-amWv. Cu
i‡nsb \mw hnNm-c-sa∂pw hnNn-¥-\-sa∂pw hnfn-°p-∂p. hnNm-c-
߃ sIm≠pw ssZhnI ZrjvSm-¥-ß-fn-ep≈ hnNn¥\߃sIm≠pw
a\p-jys‚ A¥-cw-KØv hºn® Bflo-tbm¬°¿jw kwPm-X-am-Ip-
∂p. X≥aqew Cu Ah-ÿm-hn-ti-j-Øn¬ AZr-iy-h-kvXp-°-fpsS
bmYm¿Yyw Ah\v {Kln-°m≥ Ign-bp∂p. Cu i‡nhntijw Hcp
a\p-jy\v ap∂n¬ bmYm¿Yy-ß-fpsS Znhy-sh-fn-]m-Sns‚ hnim-e-cwKw
Xpd-∂p-sh-°p∂p. Ahs‚ am\-kn-I-hn-`m-h-\-Iƒ Bflob bmYm¿Yy-
ß-fpsS cq]w {]m]n-°p∂p. Ah∂v {]m]-©n-Ihpw Bflo-b-hp-amb
AkwJyw ZrjvSm¥-ß-fn-eqsS ssZh-k-Øsb-°p-dn®v sXfnhv e`n-
°p∂p. ssZhw F√m hkvXp-°-fn-ep-ap-s≠∂v, k¿thm-]cn \ΩpsS
lrZ-b-߃°v kao-]ØpXs∂-bp-s≠∂v Ah≥ Xncn-®-dn-bp∂p.
Cu Zni-bn-te°v a\p-jy-a-\- p-Isf {]tNm-Zn-∏n-°p-I-bmWv Jp¿-
B≥.
˛ s{IÃn-tam-dn-k¨
apl-ΩZ- n-\m¬ Zm\w sNø-s∏-Sp-Ibpw D]-tbm-Kn-°s- ∏-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX
AtX aqe-]mTwXs∂ \ap°v ssIh-cp-amdv A¥-chpw _mly-hp-
amb F√m kpc-£n-X-Xzhpw AXn-\p≠v. temI-Ønse as‰√m aX-
aÆn-tet°m hnÆn-tet°m? 237
ß-fn¬\n∂pw hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp khn-ti-jX Ckvem-an\v F¥p-
sIm-≠-h-Im-i-s∏-´p-IqSm? CX-c -a-X-ß-sfms° {KŸ-ß-fpsS Xmfp-
I-fn¬ AS-™p-In-S-°p-tºmƒ, apkvenwIƒ Ah-cpsS Jp¿-Bs\
kz¥w lrZ-b-ß-fn¬ ImØvkq£n-°p∂p.
˛ k¿ hn-eyw-aq¿
Jp¿-Bs‚ A[ym-]-\-ß-fn¬ Abn-Øhpw PmXn-bp-an√. Imew,
PmXn, kºØv F∂n-h-bpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Øn¬ Hcmƒ°pw AXv
alXzw Iev]n-°p-∂n√.
˛ _n]n≥ N{µ-]m¬
ssZhw GI-\m-sW-∂-Xn\v Jp¿-B≥ km£n-bmWv. ssZh-hn-izm-kn-
bmb Hcp imkv{X-⁄\v h√-a-Xhpw kzoI-cn-°m≥ Ign-bp-sa-¶n¬
AXv Ckvemw am{X-amWv.
˛ Kn∫¨
Jp¿-B≥ hmbn-®p-Xp-S-ßp-tºmƒ BZyw \ockw tXm∂pw. Xma-kn-
bmsX AXv \sΩ BI¿jn°pw, AZv`p-X-s∏-SpØpw. HSp-hn¬
AXv \ΩpsS BZ-chv ]nSn-®p-]‰pw. D≈-S-°-Øns‚ Kuc-h-a-\p-k-
cn®v AXns‚ ssien-K-l-\hpw `oXn-P-\-I-hp-amIpw. F∂m¬ AXv
BZy¥w at\m-l-c-am-Wv. AXn-\m¬ Cu {KŸw F°m-ehpw kzm[o-
\w sNep-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn°pw.
˛ tKmbvtY
Jp¿-Bs‚ I¿Ømhv B¿X-s∂-bm-bmepw icn, At±lw Hcp Ime-
L-´-Øns‚ am{X-a√, \nc-h-[n -Im-e-L-´-ß-fpsS A[ym-]-I-\mWv.
Jp¿-B≥ ]mcm-bWw sNbvXm¬ a\- n-emIpw, Ckvemw, temI-
Ønse k¿h-a-X-ß-fnepw sh®v \nkvXp-e-amsW∂v. CXv a\ximkv{X-
Øns‚ BZn-{K-Ÿhpw Bflob-X-bpsS Ah-km\ {KŸ-hp-amWv.
˛ tKm¿U¨ ssN¬Uv
( ) F∂ {KŸw.
Bbp-[-Øns‚ Icp-Øp-sIm-≠√ C¥y-bn¬ apl-ΩZ≥ A[n-Imcw
Dd-∏n-°-s∏-´Xv. Ckvem-anI{]t_m-[\w sIm≠pw Ckvem-anI \nb-a-
ß-fpsS ]ptcm-K-a\ kz`mhw sIm≠p-am-bn-cp∂p.
˛ Fw.F≥. tdmbv
\o°p-t]m-°n-√mØ ssZhnI \nb-aß
- ƒ°v Iogvs∏-Sp-hm-\p≈ apkvenw
lrZ-b-Ønse B -kPo-h-t{]-cW AYhm ssZh-Øns‚ k¿hm-Xn-
im-bn-Xz-Øn-ep≈ Ahs‚ kpZr-V-amb hnizmkw `b-`-‡n-I-fn-eq-
sSbpw kZvKp-W-ßfpw k¬Ir-Xy-߃ aptJ-\bpw ssZhsØ
{]m]n-°p-hm\pw ssZh-Øns‚ Imcp-Wy-hm-bv]n\v ]m{Xo-`-hn-°p-am-dm-
Im\pw D≈ Ahs‚ {ia-ßsf XS- -s∏-SpØpw t]mepw! ]q¿W-\n-
e-bn¬ Bcm-[-\ -\-S-Øp-Ibpw Xs‚ Zu¿_-ey-ßfpw Dƒt{]-c-W-
238 Jp¿-Bs‚ ap∂n¬ hn\-bm-\znXw 239

Ifpw Adn-™p-sIm≠v F√m- i-‡n-I-fp-sSbpw ]q¿W-X-I-fp-sSbpw

Dd-hn-S-amb B k¿h-i-‡-\n-te°v BXvam-hns\ Db¿Øp-hm≥
khn-\bw {ian-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcm-fpsS B¥-c-`-‡nsb t\sc-
bm-°m≥ aX-ßf - nse XXz-im-kv{X-]c
- a- mb hnX¿°-߃°v km[n°pw
t]mepw. Jp¿-B≥ kwi-b-\n-hm-c-W-Øn\pw ZrV-cqV-t_m-[y-Øn\pw
\nZ¿i-\-amWv.
˛ tKmƒgn-l¿ ( )
Im]-Sy-Øns‚ abq-c-am-e-Iƒ hncn-bn® Hcp hymP Z¿i-\-a√ Ckvemw.
AXns‚ hnP-tbm-∑p-J-amb \mfp-I-fn¬ AXv AkZr-iam-bn-cp∂p.
temI-lr-Z-bsØ AXp kam-I¿jn®p. temIw A‘-Im-c-Øn-em-≠p-
\n-∂-t∏mƒ, t\mhpw s\mº-c-hp-a-Wn-™p-I-gn-™-t∏mƒ Ing-°≥
N{I-hm-f-Øn-ep-b¿∂ kam-izm-k-Øns‚ Znhy-Xm-c-I-am-bn-cp∂p AXv.
˛ B¿tWmƒUv tPmk^v tSmbn-≥_n