Georgia by Regions Descriptions

Imereti
Imereti is a region in Georgia situated along the middle and upper reaches of
the Rioni river.
Significant towns and regional centres include Samtredia, Chiatura (manganese
production centre), Tkibuli (coal-mining centre), Zestafoni (known for metals
production), Vani, Khoni, and Sachkhere. Traditionally, Imereti is an agricultural
region, known for its mulberries and grapes.
Since Georgian independence in 1991, Imereti has been a region of Georgia with
Kutaisi as the regional capital.
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Bagrati Cathedral
The Cathedral of the Dormition, or the Kutaisi Cathedral, more commonly known
as Bagrati Cathedral, is an 11th-century cathedral in the city of Kutaisi, the
Imereti region of Georgia. A masterpiece of the medieval Georgian architecture,
the cathedral suffered heavy damage throughout centuries and was
reconstructed to its present state through a gradual process starting in the
1950s, with major conservation works concluding in 2012. Its a distinct
landmark in the scenery of central Kutaisi.

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Gelati Church
Gelati is a medieval monastic complex near Kutaisi, in the Imereti region of
western Georgia. A masterpiece of the Georgian Golden Age, Gelati was founded
in 1106 by King David IV of Georgia and is recognized by UNESCO as a World
Heritage Site.
Historically, Gelati was one of the main cultural and intellectual centers in
Georgia. It had an Academy which employed some of the most celebrated
Georgian scientists, theologians and philosophers, many of whom had previously
been active at various orthodox monasteries abroad, such as the Mangana
Monastery in Constantinople. Due to the extensive work carried out by the Gelati
Academy, people of the time called it "a new Hellas" and "a second Athos".
The
Gelati
Monastery
has
preserved
a
great
number
of murals and manuscripts dating back to the 12th to 17th centuries.
The Khakhuli triptych was enshrined at Gelati until being stolen in 1859. Gelati is
the burial site of its founder and one of the greatest Georgian kings David IV.
Near King David's grave are the gates of Ganja, which were taken as a trophy by
King Demetrius I of Georgia in 1138.

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Katskhi Pillar
The Katskhi pillar is a natural limestone monolith located at the village of
Katskhi in western Georgian region of Imereti, near the town of Chiatura. It is
approximately 40 metres (130 ft) high, and overlooks the small river valley of
Katskhura.
The rock, with visible church ruins on a top surface measuring c. 150 m2, has
been recognized by locals as the Pillar of Life and a symbol of the True Cross, and
has become surrounded by legends. It remained unclimbed by researchers and
surveyed until 1944 and was more systematically studied from 1999 to 2009.
These studies determined the ruins were of an early medieval hermitage dating
from the 9th or 10th century. A Georgian inscription paleographically dated to
the 13th century suggests that the hermitage was still extant at that
time. Religious activity associated with the pillar was revived in the 1990s and
the monastery building had been restored within the framework of a statefunded program by 2009.

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Motsameta
It is a small and very beautiful monastery with round turrets crowned with
peaked tent-shaped domes. The monastery is standing above the rough Rioni
river and is buried in coastal vegetation. According to the legend the monastery
was constructed on the place where Muslim aggressors executed David and
Konstantin Mkheidze, Georgian princes, who refused to accept Islam. In a small
monastery hall on an eminence there is a big rectangular ark with the hallows of
the pious princes canonized by Georgian Church . Motsameta attracts crowds of
tourists with an ancient superstition: if one crawls three times under the ark and
makes a wish while touching the hallows, the princes David and Konstantin will
grant it. The Tsar Bagrat III reconstructed the church in the 10 th century. The
building was reconstructed again in the 19 th century.
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Ubisa Complex
Ubisa is a small village and a medieval monastic complex in Georgia, particularly
in the region Imereti.
The
monastic
complex
of
Ubisa
comprises
a
9th-century St.
Georges Monastery founded by St. Gregory of Khandzta, a 4-floor tower (AD
1141), fragments of a 12th-century defensive wall and several other buildings and
structures.
The monastery houses a unique cycle of murals from the late 14th century made
by Damiane apparently influenced by art from the Byzantine Palaiologan
period(1261-1453).
The monastery is also known for its honey made by the monks.

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Mgvimevi Monasteri
Mgvimevi Orthodox Monastery is located in the western part of Georgia, in the
valley Kvirila, near the village of Mgvimevi. In the monastery is a narrow and
fairly long staircase, passing that, you can get into the tunnel. The monastery
complex consists of many buildings. The main temple is named after the Savior.
The facade of the main temple is decorated with crosses and engravings. Painted
frescos from the 13th century are still visible on the northern wall of the temple,
while paintings on the southern side date back to the 16th century. The front
door is a unique masterpiece of wood carving.

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Geguti Fortress
Geguti is a Georgian medieval royal palace, now in ruins, at the homonymous
village, 7 km south of the city of Kutaisi, Georgia.
The ruins of the Geguti palace complex occupy the area of over 2,000 m2 along
the Rioni River. An extensive fieldwork between 1953 and 1956 allowed the
specialists to stratify the principal archaeological layers and reconstruct the
architectural form and decoration of the medieval societies dating back to the
12th century, the period when the first written mention of Geguti appears in the
Georgian Chronicle. The earliest structure a plain, one-room building with a
large fireplace dates back to the 8 th 9th century. A principal part of the royal
complex, commissioned by King George III of Georgia (r. 1156-1184), is a four-tier
brick edifice built onto a three-metre high stone plinth, with its spacious,
cruciform central hall surmounted by a dome 14 m in diameter resting on
squinches. The entire building is walled and fortified with massive pillars.
Westerly located additional structures and a palace church are of a later period,
dating to the 13th/14th century.
The importance of the ruins of the Geguti palace is emphasized by its largely
secular nature as most of the surviving monuments of medieval Georgian
architecture are churches and monasteries. Records of medieval secular
patronage (basically palaces with extensive decorative cycles) exist in the
Georgian written sources, although only the shells of castles and the ruins of
Geguti survive to testify the extent of the work produced.
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Modi Nakhe Fortress

The fortress is situated in western Georgia, Imereti. It was built in XVIII centrury by
Papuna Tsereteli. It is said that he was refused to get married to the girl he liked because he did
not have a fortress. He decided to build a fortress and reffered to the father-in-law to Come and
see, thats how the name of the fortress is translated.
Conquering the fortress has always been a problem as long as it is located far away from the
populated area and on the steep slope. In 1991, the fortress was damaged by the earthquake.
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Akaki Tsereteli House-Museum

House museum of famous Georgian poet Akaki Tsereteli (1840-1915) is situated
in the patrimonial palace of the Tseretelis. There are housed personal things of
the writer and his ancestors: (accessories, clothes), French, Italian and German
furniture of the 1st half of 19th century, dishes, library (publications in Georgian,
Russian and French languages), manuscripts by the writer and other public
figures.
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Galaktion and Titsian Tabitdze House-Museum

The museum is situated in the patrimonial palaces of the famous Georgian poets
Galaktion Tabidze (1891-1959) and Titsian Tabidze (1893-1937). There are
housed personal things of the poets and their ancestors: accessories, clothes,
embroidery samples, trinkets, paintings (K.Sanadze, K. Ignatov, V. Japaridze etc.),
graphic and sculpture works of Georgian artists.
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Niko Nikoladze House Museum

The museum is dedicated to well-known public figure and scientist of the XIX-XX
c.c. Niko Nikoladze (1843-1928) and his family and houses their memorial
objects. There are mostly German, British, Austrian, American, Russian
household goods, as well as a rich library; There are also kept brought from the
different countries modern technologies of that time: 1910 wind machine,
washing machine (Berlin), first sample of Kodak camera, sun-dial etc; works of N.
Nikoladze printed on various languages, as well as periodicals with his articles,
etc.
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Vani Archeological Museum-reserve
Vani museum was founded in 1985 by Academician Otar Lordkipanidze during

the international symposium. The museum (more than 4.000 items) houses the
archaeology collection excavated in Vani since 1985. The Gold Fund was opened
at the museum in 1987, after the discovery of the rich burial. In the Gold Fund
are kept unique samples of goldsmith work from Vani site. The permanent
exhibition of the museum displays cultural development of the site from VI c. up
to I c. B.C. (bronze sculptures, fragments of them, gold, silver, bronze objects,
samples of coins, etc.).
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Kutaisi State history Museum

The museum was established in 1921, it houses more than 150 thousand items
of cultural heritage of the country (from IX-VII c.c. B.C. up to late medieval
times). Among them are: Bronze Age and Antiquity period monuments archaeological discoveries from western Georgia, rare samples Georgian, Roman,
Byzantine and Oriental history, everyday life and culture rare objects, collection
of oldest epigraphic monuments and Georgian manuscripts - rare charters,
ethnographic materials, significant samples of items (goldsmith works,
metalwork, ceramics, leather, glassworks, textiles, woodcuts). Permanent
exhibitions are displayed in 10 spaces on two floors. In 2005 had finished
reconstruction of the "Gold Treasury" hall, and at the moment the permanent
display there is done according the modern standards. In 2006 have started
rehabilitation of the museum - a full reconstruction of the facilities according the
international standard.

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Gordi Castle & Garden
Gordi Castle and Garden used to be a summer residence of Dadiani. Ths

is one of the architectural sights in Samegrelo. In 1841, it was built
according to the design of Russian architect, Leoned Vasiliev.
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Imereti Kin palace Okros Chardakhi

Okros Chardakhi is a residence of Imereti Kings. The residence has been
damaged several times in XVII century, during the attacks of Leval II Dadiani. It
was partially restored by Solomon II.
Nowdays, there is only one so called Small house left from the residence.
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Sataflia Cave
Established in 1935 to protect the Sataplia Cave and dinosaur footprints found in
the area, this visitor attraction recently benefited from a very attractive
refurbishment of its Sataplia Cave visitor center.
Sataplia Cave is named after Sataplia Mountain, which gained its name from the
local tradition of collecting honey from the bees that inhabit the mountains
southern slope. Sataplia means place of honey.
A Conservation Center and Museum have been constructed, together with glass
walkways, viewing points, a cafeteria and other visitor amenities.

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Tamari Bridge
The trail begins at the arched stone bridge on the Kintrishi River in the village of
Tskhemvani. This building belongs to the second period (XI-XII) of the flourishing
age of architecture (the development of stone constructions) and is regarded as
a monument of the Rustaveli epoch. According to one legend, it is called Tamari
Bridge.

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Vani Nakalakari
Systematic archaeological studies (N.Khoshtaria, O.Lortkiphanidze) carried out in
the Vani environs since 1947 revealed the remnants of a rich city of the ancient
power of Colchis. The name of this ancient settlement is still unknown but four
distinct stages of uninterrupted occupation have been identified. The first phase
is dated to the 8th to 7th centuries BC. In this period Vani is presumed to have
been a major cultic centre. The second phase - end of the 7th and beginning of
the 6th to the first half of the 4th century BC - is represented by cultural layers,
remains of wooden structures, sacrificial altars cut in the rocky ground, and rich
burials. It is assumed that on this stage Vani was the centre of a politicaladministrative unit of the kingdom of Colchis. The third phase covers the second
half of the 4th to the first half of the 3rd century BC. It is represented largely by
rich burials, remains of stone structures. To the fourth phase (3rd to mid-1st
centuries BC) belong defensive walls, the so-called small gate, sanctuaries and
cultic buildings (temples, altars sacrificial platforms), and the remains of a
foundry for casting bronze statues. It is assumed that in the 3rd to 1st centuries
BC. Vani was a templar city. According to the archaeological data, the city was
destroyed in the mid-1st century BC. Subsequently, Vani declined to a village and
was officially granted a status of a town only in 1981.

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Kutaisi City
Kutaisi is the legislative capital of Georgia, and its third largest city. Situated 221
kilometres (137 miles) west of Tbilisi, it is the capital of the western region
of Imereti.
The landmark of the city is the Bagrati Cathedral, built by Bagrat III, king of
Georgia, in the early 11th century. The Bagrati Cathedral, and the Gelati
Monastery a few km east of the city, are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. One of
the famous churches in Georgia is Motsameta Church. It is named after two
saints, brothers David and Constantine. They were the Dukes of Margveti, and
were martyred by Arab invaders in the 8th century. Besides the churches, there
are many interesting places in Kutaisi, such as: Sataplia Cave, where one can
observe footprints of dinosaurs; Geguti Palace, which was one of the residences
of Georgian monarchs; "Okros Chardakhi" Georgian Kings Palace; and
the Pantheon, where many notable citizens are buried.

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Samegrelo
Samegrelo or Megrelia, Mingrelia is a historic province in the western part
of Georgia, formerly also known as Odishi.
In ancient times Samegrelo was a major part of the kingdom of Colchis (9th-6th
centuries BC) and its successor Egrisi (4th century BC-6th century AD). In the
11th-15th centuries, Samegrelo was a part of the United Kingdom of Georgia.
From the 16th century to 1857, the independent Principality of Samegrelo was
under the rule of the House of Dadiani.
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Martvili Monastery
Martvili Monastery is a Georgian monastic complex located in the village of
Martvili in
the Martvili
District of
the Samegrelo-Zemo
Svaneti Province
of Georgia. It sits upon the highest hill in the area and was of strategic
importance.

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Tsaishi Cathedral
Tsaishi cathedral is situated near Zugdidi. The preliminary look of the cathedral was
destroyed by the earthquake in 1614. The oldest building, Palaty interior is very
impressive with gothic elements. It must have been built in X century. Part of the
Cathedral has been restored after the earthquake.

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Tsalenjikha Cathedral
The Tsalenjikha Cathedral Church of the Transfiguration of Savior is a
medieval Georgian Orthodox cathedral at the town of Tsalenjikha, SamegreloZemo Svaneti region, Georgia.
The cathedral is administered by the Zugdidi and Tsaishi Eparchy of the Georgian
Orthodox Church. It is best known for a unique cycle of murals which exemplifies
the direct import of Byzantine Palaeologan style and even artists in Georgia.

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Khobi Church
Khobi Church is located on the left bank of the river Khobistskali, three
kilometers from the city of Khobi, in the village of Nojikhevi. In old times it was
called The Khobi Monastery. The Khobi Monastery is an architectural complex
consisting of a church, a palace, a bell tower, a wall and the ruins of buildings.
The wall was renovated in the 1970s. The stone church tower, with seven
windows, is one of the biggest bell towers in Georgia. The church tower was once
covered in frescoes. Inside the wall stands a church which got its final shape in
the 13th -14th cc. The church is decorated with ornaments and frescoes, which
have been highly damaged.

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Kortskheli Church
According to historical written sources Kortskheli temple was built in 1624 - 1639
years by Odishi Prince Levan Dadian II. In 1815, the church was renovated by
Nikoloz Dadiani. In 1859, it was updated again.
The temple is built of hewn stone and is a small size, domed building with arched
gallery on the west side. Kortskheli dome rests on the altar wall corners and four
square stone columns.
The painting of the church dates from the second half of XVII century. A dominant
place in the painting is the theme of the Virgin. Frescoes of Christ's birth and the
Assumption are found there. Here you can see the murals on the theme of
religious holidays. Facade of the church is faced with stone slabs of small
dimensions. On the walls are Greek and Georgian inscriptions, although most of
them are damaged.
Near the temple are the tower ruins, built of hewn stone. In the church kept a
few icons donated by Levan II Dadiani and other antiquity.

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Zugdidi Church
Zugdidi Church in Zugdidi Municipality was built with the funding from Emperor
Alexander I.
Virgin Mary Blakhernae icon with their belts was also returned. This icon has
been very important for Dadiani as it is said Constantinopol has been rescued
from destroying thaks to this icon.
The feast day of the church is on July 2 (new style, July 15).

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Poti Cathedral
Poti Cathedral or Poti Soboro Cathedral, is a Georgian Orthodox church in
downtown Poti, Georgia.
The cathedral is an imitation of Hagia Sofia in Istanbul, and it was built in 190607 with the great contribution of Niko Nikoladze, the mayor of Poti. Notably, Niko
Nikoladze chose the location of the cathedral in the center of the town to make it
viewable from every side of Poti.
A. Zelenko and M. Marfeld were the architects of this Neo-Byzantine cathedral
and the capacity of the church is 2,000 people. The ornaments and decorations
are modeled after the medieval Christian cathedrals in the Trabzon mountains.
The Poti Cathedral has three iconostases and among the main decoration of the
iconostasis are the icons of St. Nino, St. Andrew the First Called, and the
St. David the Builder.
In 1923, after the Red Army invasion of Georgia, the Communist government
turned it into a theater and the bells were donated to the industrialization
foundation.
In 2005, the cathedral was restored to the Georgian Orthodox Church.
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Nokalakevi Fortress
Nokalakevi is an archaeological site consisting of the remains of 4-6th century
A.D fortress in the Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region of Georgia. Occupying some
20 ha, the site was known to early Byzantine historians as Archaeopolis, and to
Georgian chroniclers as Tsikhegoji (Fortress of Kuji).
Occupying a strategic position in a loop of the Tekhuri River, Nokalakevi was one
of the key fortresses guarding Lazika (modern Samegrelo).
Though the fortifications and structures visible today mainly date from the 4-6th
century A.D., there is evidence of several earlier phases of occupation from
before the 8th century BC (late Bronze/early Iron Age). Ongoing excavations are
carried out by the Anglo-Georgian Expedition to Nokalakevi and provide
archaeological training for both international and Georgian archaeology students.
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Rukhi Fortress
Rukhi fortress was built by Levan Dadiani in 1647. It was an important
fortification of Samegrelo. The fortress consisted of a citadel and lower court. The
citadel is to the north with towers at both ends. The northeast tower, i.e. the
main tower, contained a dungeon. The lower part of the fortress is blocked at a
height of eight to ten meters, and on the top battle paths are arranged. The
fortress entrance is situated on the top floor, built into the wall of the tower.
Within the walls of the second and third floors there are built-in gun-port
openings. The fortress is surrounded by a wall with height of ten to twelve
meters.
The French traveler Jean Chardin tells about one battle of the Rhuki fortress - in
1672, he was eyewitness to the invasion of by the Ottomans and described the
battles in detail.
In 1769, near the Rhuki fortress one of the episodes of Russian - Turkish war took
place. In 1770, the combined forces of Georgians and Russians liberated the
fortress from the Ottomans.

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Dadian Ethnographical Museum

In 1839 David Dadiani founded his family's museum. The museum is one of the
oldest in the Caucasus region, and currently houses more than 41,000 items,
ranging from the second millennium BC to the end of the 19th century AD. Some
of the most interesting items include Napoleons death mask dated 1833, a
Napoleonic library of several hundred volumes, private letters, and Napoleonic
silver
and
chinaware.
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K.Gamsakhurdia House-Museum
The
museum
houses
materials
belonging
to
famous
Georgian
writer Konstantine Gamsakhurdia (1893-1975). There are memorial things,
writers works in Georgian, German, Ukrainian, Russian and English languages,
manuscripts, correspondences, photos etc.
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Leo Kiacheli Museum

The museum houses materials belonging to famous Georgian writer Konstantine
Gamsakhurdia (1893-1975). There are memorial things, writers works in
Georgian, German, Ukrainian, Russian and English languages, manuscripts,
correspondences, photos etc.
Dadiani Palace
A graceful patrimonial palace of Dadiani Princes is the city's treasure testifying to
its former significance. Dadiani were an ancient aristocratic family known for
their relationship with Napoleon Bonaparte! One of Dadiani princesses was
married to Askil Murat, Napoleon's nephew. Therefore Dadiani princes received a
lot of relics connected with napoleon by the right of succession. For example,
some personal things and pieces of furniture of the Emperor and one of his death
masks (two others are in France and England). It all had been kept in the family
museum of Dadiani Palace. There is here even a more significant relic the
Blessed Virgin shroud. According the legend the shroud was taken from
Byzantium to Western Georgia by the ancestors of Dadiani princes in the 15 th
century. The shroud can be seen only during the big church holidays.
The manor of Dadiani princes is also known for its garden. To plant it Princess
Dadiani, the ruler of Mingrelia, (maiden name Chavchavadze, sister of Nino
Chavchavadze, widow of Alexander Griboedov) invited eminent European

gardeners and ordered rare plants from Europe in the middle of the 19 th century.
Today Dadiani garden is called Zugdidi Botanical Garden. Its total area totals 26.4
hectares. Some trees in the garden are about 200 years old are unique for
Euroasian continent.

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Martvili Canyon
It is rocky wetland in which the Abasha river has formed a magnificent gorge
over time, with canyons, caves and waterfalls. This gorge is usually referred to as
the Martvili canyons, named after the nearby town of Martvili.
The Martvili canyons feature beautiful green and blue colors. It is a protected
area. There are stretches of quiet water for peddling and swimming, but also
steep rocks to climb, spectacular waterfalls to enjoy and caves to explore. If you
prefer to keep dry, you can follow one of the hiking trails along and near the
Abasha gorge. This will allow you to enjoy the warm climate and spectacular
views.

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Okatse Canyon
The Okatse canyon located in western Georgia, in the village of Gordi, has
already attracted large numbers of tourists and amazed them with its
magnificent wild nature, astonishing waterfalls and breathtaking views.
The canyon is situated in the ravine of the river Gordi, which runs for roughly 14
kilometres. The canyon width ranges from 3-6 to 15-20 meters, while its depth is
between 20-100 meters.

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Kinchkha Waterfall
One of the tallest waterfall of Georgia Kinchkha together with another water
abundant waterfall nearby, Okatse Canyon natural monument (just a few km
from Kinchkha in Gordi village) with recently built high quality tourist
infrastructure stairs, footpaths offering magnificent views to the canyon and its
surroundings make a nice day out in the nature especially in spring when water
levels are high and nature is in blossom with flowers all around and smell of
yellow azalea and with still snowed Askhi Pleatau ; Also in summer when you can
swim, relax or just find a really cool place for picnic and to taste some
homemade Georgian wine with locals.

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Poti
Poti is a port city in Georgia, located on the eastern Black Sea coast in
the region of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti in the west of the country. Built near the
site of the ancient Greek colony of Phasis and deriving its name from the same,
the city has become a major port city and industrial center since the early 20th
century. It is also home to a main naval base and the headquarters of
the Georgian navy. Adjacent to the Poti port area is the Free Industrial Zone.
Inaugurated in April 2008, it has registered a number of businesses.
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Zugdidi
Zugdidi is
a
city
in
the
Western Georgian historical
province
of Samegrelo (Mingrelia). It is situated in the north-west of that province. The city
is located 318 kilometres west of Tbilisi, 30 km from the Black Sea coast and
30 km from the Egrisi Range, at an elevation of 100110 metres above sea level.
Zugdidi is the capital of the Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region, which
combines Samegrelo(Mingrelia) and upper part of Svaneti, and the center of
the Zugdidi Municipality within.
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Martvili
Martvili is a small town in Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti province of Western Georgia.
Its monastery was Samegrelo's clerical centre in the Middle Ages. Under Soviet
rule, from 1936 to 1990, it was named Gegechkori after the Old Bolshevik Sasha
Gegechkori.
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Anaklia
Ganmukhuri and Anaklia are two Black Sea resorts connected to each other by a
552 meter pedestrian bridge. The resorts attract tourists for their sandy beaches,
peaceful boulevards, hotels, water parks, and yacht clubs. - See more at:
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Kolkheti National Park

The National Park was created in order to protect and maintain the Kolkheti
wetland ecosystems, which are of international importance. The Kolkheti National
Park Administration offers boat tours on lake Paliastomi and river Pichori, as well
as sport fishing, bird watching and eco-educational tours. Tours are carried out
throughout the year.
- See more at: http://georgia.travel/en/zugdidi#sthash.j7aaGc6X.dpuf

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The swinging rock Kuakantsalia

This rock stands on the limestone massif in Tsalenjikha - 27 kilometers from
Zugdidi. What makes this particular place so special is that a simple touch of a
human hand is enough to make this giant rock shake and create loud knocking
sounds. Location: Tsalenjikha
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Complex of Otsindale
The Otsindale complex is situated 640 meters above the sea level, overlooking
the beautiful Kolkheti valley. The complex combines a church, which dates back
to the 11th century, and a tower, which was constructed around the 8th century.
Location: village of Taia (45 kilometers from Zugdidi)

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Samtskhe-Javakheti
Samtskhe-Javakheti, is a region formed in the 1990s in southern Georgia from
the historical provinces of Meskheti (Samtskhe), Javakheti and Tori (Borjomi
gorge). Akhaltsikhe is
its
capital.
The
region
comprises
six
administrative districts:Akhaltsikhe, Adigeni, Aspindza, Borjomi, Akhalkalaki and
Ninotsminda.
There
are
5 town,
6 townlets,
67
community
and
village sakrebulos (assemblies), and 268 villages in the region. SamtskheJavakheti is bordered by the regions of Adjara to the west, Guria and Imereti to
the north, Shida Kartli and Kvemo Kartli to the north-east and to the east, and by
Armenia and Turkey to the south and southwest.
The Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, the South Caucasus natural gas pipeline,
and the KarsTbilisiBaku railway (under construction) pass through the region.
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Atskuri Church
Atskuri is one of the oldest cities in Georgia, which was previously called
Sosangeti. According to historical records, during the campaign of the Byzantine
Csar Hercules (VII century), the church was built, which became the center of the
historic church Samtskhe - Saatabago of the XII-XVI centuries. It was the largest
church in Georgia, even larger than Svetitskhoveli. At the end of the XIII century,
an earthquake destroyed the church, which was soon rebuilt.
Today the church is in ruins, it appears that the church was destroyed in the last
years of Turkish rule and church stones were used in the construction of local
dwellings by local residents, who became Muslim. Today you can see houses in
the villages, in the walls of which stones with ornate carvings are visible.
Shrine of the church was the miraculous icon of the Atskuri Virgin, the creation of
which is associated with the greatest of miracles. To preach the word of the Lord,
the Virgin Mary was preparing to come to Georgia, but the crucified Christ
appeared to Mary and said that it was approaching the time of Her Assumption.
Instead of the Virgin, the Apostle Andrew had to go to Georgia and he took with
him an image on which was affixed the image of Mary. The Apostle Andrew, who
came to Georgia with this icon, accomplished many miracles with it. He built a
church and there he put the icon. Subsequently, in place of the old church a
great temple church was built.

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Zarzma Monastery
Zarzma represents major monument of Georgian architecture. The first church
was built by a monk, Serapion Zarzmeli, who originally was from Klarjeti. Later
Serapions heirs built a huge church in the same place, to which the local feudal
lord Giorgi Chorchaneli donated villages and estates. Today's church and bell
tower were built in the early XIV century, during the rule of Samtskhe Lord Becka
Jakeli. At the entrance of the temple is a stone of the tenth century, which was
removed from a pre-existing building.
The real decoration of the church with lots of ornamentation is the southern gate.
Also significant are the wall paintings - along with traditional subjects, there are
preserved portraits of historical figures. Zarzma bell tower is one of the largest in
Georgia. In 1577, the new owners of Zarzma, the Khurtsidze family added the
arch to the first floor of the belfry and turned it into John the Evangelist Church.
At the turn of the XVI-XVII centuries, after the Turkish invasion, Zarzma
monastery emptied and the treasures of Zarzma were moved to Guria, in the
village Shemokmedi, in a specially built church, which also was given the name
Zarzma. Today, these treasures are kept in the Tbilisi State Art Museum of
Georgia.

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Green Monastery
The Green Monastery, the same St. George Cathedral was built in Chitahevi by
apprentices of St. Grigol Khandzteli, Christopher and Theodore in about the IX
century. Built on the right bank of the River Kura, the monastery complex
includes a single-nave church of roughly crushed stone and a bell tower of XV-XVI
century.
The exact date of construction of the church is unknown as are the names of
priests who lived there, but the church resembles the construction style of the IX
century. Monks' cells were located around the church; some of which have
survived to this day. In the XVI century, during the Shah - Tamaz invasions, the
monastery was captured by the enemy and dozens of monks were wounded,
tortured and killed.
The riverbed flowing in the monastery is full of rocks of reddish color, which were
called the "bloody stones." Pilgrims believe that the blood of monks killed in XVI
century remained on these stones. It is said that these stones with traces of
redness have abnormal healing power in winter and summer the "blood" of the
stones is visible and if the faithful do not pray, the blood is "erased."
In the 1980s of the XX century restoration works were carried out, and in 2002
there the monastery was restored.

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Timotesubani
The village of Timotesubani is preserved a monument of Georgian architecture
a large monastic complex (XI-XVIII cc.), themain construction of which is the
Church of the Assumption (line XII-XIII cc.), built from pinkish Georgian brick.
The central - dome type buildings are an inscribed cross, on the east side of
which there are three protruding apses. The dome neck rests on two freestanding columns and walls of the projections of the altar. The height is 28
meters (with the cross, 19 meters in width and 11 meters in length). The north
windows bricked up and painted. Later, on the west side, were added brick gates,
which on the south side are made of hewn stone.
The Church is one of the most significant monuments of Georgian culture, which
because of its unique murals, was included in the Global Fund of cultural heritage
rescue. The painting is made not later than the 20ies of the XIII century and
refers to the great monuments of the reign of Queen Tamar. Also is preserved the
hall type church, built of hewn stone (XI century). In the houses located in the
monastery courtyard lived monks. On the upper northern terrace stands a small,
single-nave Basilica of St. Barbara, and on the north-eastern side of the central
church a vaulted tomb built of stone is preserved.
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Tsunda
Tsunda Church is a church in the Samtskhe-Javakheti region of Georgia. Tsunda
Church, dedicated to St John the Baptist, dates back to the 12th-13th centuries.
In this vicinity, there are natural hot water springs and beautiful terraced
gardens.
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Foka Monastery
FOKA MONASTERY is built in 11-th century and situated on the territory near the
lake Paravani 2073 meters up from the sea level. The Georgian nuns still
continue their activity there.

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Saphara Monastery
Sapara Monastery is a Georgian Orthodox monastery in the Akhaltsikhe District
of Samtskhe-Javakheti region, Georgia.
It has existed from at least the 9th century, and has numbered among its monks
many important figures in Georgian ecclesiastical history. At the end of the 13th
century Sapara became a possession of the Jakeli family, whose leader, Sargis
Jakeli, was adept at staying on good terms with the Mongols, which enabled
Samtskhe to enjoy a peace unusual for the time. When he grew old, Sargis took
monastic orders and changed his name to Saba. His son Beka built the largest of
the 12 churches here, St Saba's Church, named after the saint whose name his
father had adopted, one of the most architecturally important churches of its
time. The 14th-century frescoes inside are of high quality.
From the end of the 16th century until the beginning of the 17th century the
Sapara Monastery became empty due to the expansion of Turkish policy
into Samtskhe and during this process the monastery's icons and other treasures
were taken to more protected areas of Georgia.

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Vardzia
Vardzia is a cave monastery site in southern Georgia, excavated from the slopes
of the Erusheti Mountain on the left bank of the Kura River, thirty kilometres
from Aspindza. The main period of construction was the second half of the
twelfth century. The caves stretch along the cliff for some five hundred metres
and in up to nineteen tiers. The Church of the Dormition, dating to the 1180s
during the golden age of Tamar and Rustaveli, has an important series of wall
paintings. The site was largely abandoned after the Ottoman takeover in the
sixteenth century. Now part of a state heritage reserve, the extended area of
Vardzia-Khertvisi has been submitted for future inscription on the UNESCO World
Heritage List.
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Rabati
In the VII-VIII centuries, with outskirts populated by craftsmen and merchants,
was that city known as Rabat. From the tenth century, Rabat becomes an
important political and economic center of eastern feudal times. The history of
the fortress dates to the IX century. Because of its location, Rabat fortress was a
significant fortification. Fragments of ruined fortress are preserved only in the
tower of the citadel. In XII-XIII centuries, the fortress became the residence of
Samtskhe Atabags - Jakeli. It has been restored and expanded. From this comes
the place-name Akhaltsikhe (new fortress). From the sixteenth century,
Samtskhe was conquered by the Ottomans and the process of Islamization of the
region began. The Mosques and madrassas, parts of the complex, are buildings
of the Ottoman occupation period.
The total area of the fortress is about 7 hectares. The Mosque was built on the
territory of Rabat; it is unique in its architecture throughout the Caucasus and
was designed by an Italian architect. The Madrasah was built in 1750- it is a
typical example of an Ottoman madrasah with an educational center, designed
for a large number of disciples.
In 1828, the Russian army at the cost of huge losses wrested Akhaltsikhe from
the Ottomans. During these battles Rabat was fully destroyed. The Russian
Orthodox turned the Mosque into a chapel, which is proved by the Christian altar,
attached to the mosque on the east side.
In 2011 reconstruction of the fortress began, the first phase of which was
completed in August 2012.
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Atskuri
Atskuri fortress belongs to the oldest period of Georgian history. On the South
slope of the rock where the fortress was built are the remains of ancient
dwellings. In historical sources the fortress is first mentioned in the XI century as
one of the most important strategic buildings of historical Mesheti. The extant
remains of the fortress belong to the middle Ages. Builders of fortress mastered
the most difficult relief of the rocks and created a complex-structured facility.
Entrance to the fortress passes through a narrow cut in a rock tunnel. The
internal structure was so inaccessible that it was difficult for an invading enemy
to conquer it even after passing the tunnel.
In XVI century, the fortress was captured by the Ottomans amd Atskuri fortress
became a springboard from which the Turks attacked eastern and western
Georgia. At present, the unity of the fortress buildings is destroyed. Here one
may see building layers of different times.
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Akhaltsikhe
Akhaltsikhe fortress is situated in Kaspi Municipality and dates back to XVIII

century. Its built with stones. There are five cylindric towers. The floors seem to
have been built for combating reasons, however, it must have been used for
living as well.
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Tmogvi
Tmogvi is a ruined fortress in the southern Georgian region of SamtskheJavakheti, on the left bank of the Kura River, a few kilometers downstream of the
cave city of Vardzia.
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Khertvisi
Khertvisi fortress is one of the oldest fortresses in Georgia and was functional
throughout the Georgian feudal period. It is situated in Southern Georgia,
in Meskheti region. The fortress was first build in the 2nd century BC. The church
was built in 985, and the present walls build in 1354. As the legend says,
Khertvisi was destroyed by Alexander the Great.

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Golden Fortress
Golden Fortress is situated in Adigeni Municipality. It is hard to get there and is
one of the oldest fortresses in Georgia.
It used to create defensive circle for the hold. It must have been built by the end
of XIII century.

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Abuli
Abuli fotress is built on mountain small Abuli. It looks like Shaori fortress; natural
conditions are similar, as well as building technique and roads. However, the fortress
is unique with its size, strength, unreachability, strategic position, as there is PokaKhospio-Khertvisi road in its south.
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Akhaltsikhe Historical Museum

The museum is situated on the territory of former Rabati. Museum houses the
significant part of the region cultural heritage: old manuscripts,
epigraphic, archaeology,
numismatic,
ethnography
materials,
photo
documentation, fund of manuscripts and old printed books. Collections of
inscriptions on stone are of special importance, as well as unique collection of
carpets and rugs (of the verge of XIX-XX c.c.). Apart from two main buildings that
display permanent exhibitions - the Castle that surrounds it, Administrative
building, Mosque built in 1752, Ruins of a medresa (Islamic school) - belonged to
the Museum.

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Borjomi Ethnographical Museum
The museum occupies the building initially designed as the chancellery of the
Imperial House of Romanovs. Pseudo-gothic in style, the construction was built in
1890 by the German architect-designer V. Shveyer. As a structural
unit Borjomi Local History Museum has got four departments that are as
follows: archaeological, historical-ethnographical, applied art and local landscape
and nature departments. The visitor will see: Unique samples of bronze
weaponry and adornment (II-I Millennia BC), large numismatic collection (V c BC
XX c AD), personal belongings of members of the House of Romanovs: basically
European and oriental crockery, armory, painting and graphic works, coupled
with several samples of natural wonder a fossilized tree from Goderdzi Pass,
etc.

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Samtskhe-javakheti Historical Museum

The Samtskhe-Javakheti Museum is located in the southern part of Georgia. It
was established as an archive-museum in 1923. In 1937, it was converted into a
museum of local history, and its preexisting collection was joined by materials
representing regional culture and history. The rich collection of the museum
reflects the region's unique qualities on the Georgian border.
The majority of the region's material heritage is represented in the museum:
ancient manuscripts, epigraphic and ethnographic material, and photo
documents.
Today, more than 25 thousand artifacts (among them manuscripts and early
printed materials) are preserved in the museum collections. Works of Georgian
lapidary (jewel-working) technique and woven carpets have an important place
at the museum.
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Observatory
Georgian National Astrophysical Observatory (GENAO) currently renamed again

as Abastumani Astrophysical Observatory was founded in 1932 by Academician
Eugene Kharadze on Mount Kanobili, near resort Abastumani (in SamtskheJavakheti, southeastern part of Georgia). Altitude of Mt.Kanobili varies between
1650-1700 m. above sea level. The observatory is located ~250 km from Tbilisi,
capital of Georgia; being distant from the air pollution and sky illumination
together with excellent natural conditions (hilly landscape covered with
coniferous forest) makes this place being among the best observatories at the
same altitude range. Weather is stable, no harsh and sudden changes.
The Observatory is running wide-profile research, spanning different fields
of Astronomy, Astrophysics and investigation of the upper layers of the Earth's
atmosphere.
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Borjomi
Borjomi is a resort town in south-central Georgia with a population of 10,546. It
is one of the districts of the Samtskhe-Javakheti region and is situated in the
northwestern part of the region in the picturesque Borjomi Gorge on the eastern
edge of the Borjomi-Kharagauli National Park. The town is famous for its mineral
water industry (which is the number one export of Georgia), the Romanov
summer palace in Likani, and the World Wide Fund for Nature-site BorjomiKharagauli National Park. Borjomi mineral water is particularly well known in
those countries which were part of the former Soviet Union; the bottling of
mineral water is a major source of income for the area. Because of the supposed
curative powers of the area's mineral springs, it is a frequent destination for
people with health problems. Borjomi is also home to the most extensive
ecologically-themed amusement park in the Caucasus.

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Adjara
Adjara, officially known as the Autonomous Republic of Adjara, is an historical,
geographic and political-administrative region of Georgia. Located in the
country's southwestern corner, Adjara lies on the coast of the Black Sea near the
foot of the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, north of Turkey. It is an important tourism
destination and includes Georgia's second-largest city of Batumi as its capital.
About 350,000 people live on its 2,880 sq km.
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Batumi
Batumi is the second largest city of Georgia, located on the coast of the Black
Sea in the country's southwest. Situated in a subtropical zone near the foot of
the Lesser Caucasus Mountains, Batumi is a popular tourist destination known for
its varying weatherit is a bustling seaside resort during warm seasons, but can
get entirely covered in snow during winter. Much of Batumi's economy revolves
around tourism and gambling, but the city is also an important sea port and
includes industries like shipbuilding, food processing, and light manufacturing.
Since 2010, Batumi has been transformed by the construction of modern high-
rise buildings, as well as the restoration of classical 19th century edifices lining
its historic Old Town.
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The Batumi Botanical Garden

The Batumi Botanical Garden is a 108 hectare area of land 9 km north of the city
of Batumi, capital of Autonomous Republic of Adjara, Georgia. Located at the
place called Mtsvane Kontskhi ("The Green Cape") on the Black Sea shore, it is
one of the largest botanical gardens in the former Soviet Union.
Currently, the garden consists of nine floristic sectors, those of Caucasian humid
subtropics, East
Asia, New
Zealand, South
America,
the Himalayas, Mexico, Australia, and of the Mediterranean. The garden
collection comprises 2037 taxonomic units of ligneous plants, including 104 of
Caucasian origin.
The Batumi Botanical Garden had formerly been operated by the Georgian
Academy of Sciences. Since 2006, it is an independent institution.

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Mtskheta-Mtianeti
Mtskheta-Mtianeti is a region (Mkhare) in eastern Georgia comprising the town
ofMtskheta, which serves as a regional capital, together with its district and the
adjoining mountainous areas.The western part is controlled by the
breakaway Republic of South Ossetia since 1992 and the independence of
Georgia.
Armazi
Armazi is a locale in Georgia, 4 km southwest of Mtskheta and 22 km northwest
of Tbilisi. A part of historical Greater Mtskheta, it is a place where the ancient city
of the same name and the original capital of the early Georgian kingdom
of Kartli or Iberia was located. It particularly flourished in the early centuries CE
and was destroyed by the Arab invasion in the 730s.
Zedazeni
Zedazeni Monastery is a Georgian Orthodox monastery, located on the Zedazeni
mountain the hills of Saguramo, northeast to Mtskheta and to the east side of
the Aragvi River.
The monastery was founded by Saint John, one of the Holy Assyrian Fathers of
Georgia whose mission was to strengthen Christianity in the region.
Lomisi
Lomisa used to be god in Mtiuleti B.C. the name is said to be related to the Loma
bull. Later the cult was related to the moon god.
Lomisa place of worship is situated in Mtskheta-Mtianeti, Dusheti Municipality.
Jvari
Jvari Monastery is a sixth century Georgian Orthodox monastery near Mtskheta,
eastern Georgia. Along with other historic structures of Mtskheta, it is listed as
a World Heritage site by UNESCO.
Svetitskhoveli
The Svetitskhoveli Cathedral is an Eastern Orthodox cathedral located in the
historic town of Mtskheta, Georgia, to the northwest of the Georgian
capital Tbilisi. A masterpiece of the Early Middle Ages, Svetitskhoveli is
recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. It is currently the second largest
church building in Georgia, after the Holy Trinity Cathedral.
Known as the burial site of Christ's mantle, Svetitskhoveli has long been one of
the principal Georgian Orthodox churches and is among the most venerated
places of worship in the region. The present structure was completed in 1029 by
the medieval Georgian architect Arsukisdze, although the site itself dates back to
the early fourth century.
Svetitskhoveli is considered an endangered cultural landmark; it has survived a
variety of adversities, and many of its priceless frescoes have been lost and
whitewashed.
Shio mgvime
The Shio-Mgvime monastery is a medieval monastic complex in Georgia, near
the town of Mtskheta. It is located in a narrow limestone canyon on the northern
bank of the Kura River, some 30 km from Tbilisi, Georgias capital.
Tsilkani
Tsilkani is a forgotten farming village northwest of Mtskheta. Its church, one of
the oldest in Georgia, was founded in the 4th century by an early Bagrationi of
Mukharani (Oak-Woods) the name of this valley and another now unimportant
village nearby. The area has been occupied since prehistoric times.
Dariali comlex
The gorge begins at the confluence of the river Chkheri (close to Stepantsminda)
and ends near Upper Lars. The Gorge itself is 11 km long. The confluence of the
Kabakhi and Khda rivers is the most narrow and rocky part of the gorge. You will
also have an opportunity to see a Georgian Orthodox Church located within the
gorge. - See more at: http://georgia.travel/en/kazbegi#sthash.QQzlkdz5.dpuf
Gergeti Trinity Church

Gergeti Trinity Church is a popular name for Holy Trinity Church near the village
of Gergeti in Georgia. The church is situated on the right bank of the river
Chkheri (the left tributary of the riverTerek), at an elevation of 2170 meters,
under Mount Kazbegi.
The Gergeti Trinity Church is built in the 14th century, and is the only crosscupola church in Khevi province. The separate bell tower dates from the same
period as the church itself. Its isolated location on top of a steep mountain
surrounded by the vastness of nature has made it a symbol for Georgia. The 18th
century Georgian author Vakhushti Batonishvili wrote that in times of danger,
precious relics from Mtskheta, including Saint Nino's Cross were brought here for
safekeeping. During the Soviet era, all religious services were prohibited, but the
church remained a popular tourist destination. The church is now an active
establishment of the Georgian Orthodox and Apostolic Church.
The church is a popular waypoint for trekkers in the area, and can be reached by
a steep 3 hour climb up the mountain, or around 30 minutes by jeep up a rough
mountain trail.
Ananuri
Ananuri is a castle complex on the Aragvi River in Georgia, about 45 miles (72
kilometres) from Tbilisi. The fortifications consist of two castles joined by a
crenellated curtain wall. The upper fortification with a large square tower, known
as Sheupovari, is well preserved and is the location of the last defense of the
Aragvi against the Shamshe. The lower fortification, with a round tower, is mostly
in ruins.
Within the complex, amongst other buildings, are two churches. The older Church
of the Virgin, which abuts a tall square tower, has the graves of some of the
Dukes of Aragvi. It dates from the first half of the 17th century, and was built of
brick. The interior is no longer decorated, but of interest is a
stone baldaquin erected by the widow of the Duke Edishera, who died in 1674.
The larger Church of the Assumption (Ghvtismshobeli), built in 1689 for the son
of Duke Bardzem. It is a central dome style structure with richly decorated
faades, including a carved north entrance and a carved grapevine cross on the
south faade. It also contains the remains of a number of frescoes, most of which
were destroyed by the fire in the 18th century.
Sno Church
If you blink, you'll miss this tiny settlement, located about 5 km from
Stepantsminda. The home of the Patriarch of the Georgian Orthodox Church is
here, and there is a small church in the courtyard of the residence. Sno also has
a large statue of Vakhtang Gorgasali, and a tower fortification from the XVI
century. - See more at: http://georgia.travel/en/kazbegi#sthash.QQzlkdz5.dpuf
Samtavro Cathedral
Samtavro St. Ninos Monastery was built on the place called Zemo Ecclesia
(Upper Church). It was located in the capital city of the Eastern Georgian
Kingdom Iberia Mtskheta in 30s of the 4th century. The first Christian royal
couple - King Mirian and Qween Nana are buried here. Since the 480s Samtavro
became an Episcopal see. Since the beginning of 19th century it has become a
convent.
The present Samtavro Transfiguration Orthodox Church was built in the 10301040s in the town Mtskheta. The preserved mural paintings in the altar conch
and in the dome are dated to the mid-17th century. The archeological
excavations revealed the remains of a large church that had been standing here
before 11th century.
Eastwards of the Church there is a small early medieval church of St. Nino. Its
mural paintings are dated to 19th century. On the North of the Church there is a
three storied bell tower of 15-16th centuries. A cylindrical tower of 18th century
is preserved in the wall of the monastery that was restored in 19th century.
Samtavro convent, together with other historical monuments of Mtskheta has
been inscribed upon the World Heritage List of the Convention concerning the
Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage since 1994.
Armazi Castle
Armazi castle in Mtskheta is situated in the roots of Armazi ravine. Castle dates
back to XIII-XV centuries and consists of walls and towers, built with a piece of
stones.
Bebris tsikhe
BebtrisTsikhe is a castle from early middle ages. It was named as Belta in ancient
times. The total area is approximately 1500 m, the inner courtyard - 600 sq.
The Great Mtskheta Archeological Museum-Reserve

The Great Mtskheta Archeological Museum-Reserve unites the archeological
monuments of the worldwide and national importance.
Museum-reserve of Mtskheta and its historic neighborhoods and archaeological
sites keep a wide variety of materials (from the Bronze Age until the late Middle
Ages), and ethnographic artifacts.
Al.kazbegi House-museum
The museum building used to be memorial house of well-known Georgian writer
Alexander Kazbegi (1848-1890). There are kept personal belongings and library
of the writer, and ethnographic and craft collections of material culture,
documents characteristic for Khevi (name of the mountainous region) and more
widely for Caucasian culture, for example household objects, accessories,
crockery, kilims,
saddle-bags
(XIX c.
and
beginning
of
the
XX
c.), archaeological collection (numismatics, fragments of weapons and
implements, adornments, decorations, earthenware, etc.), religious objects,
works of local artists.
Vaja-Pshavela House-museum
The museum houses memorial objects connected with life and work of wellknown Georgian poet Vazha-Pshavela (1861-1915), ethnographic collection
(XIX c. and beginning of the XX c.), various publications of poet's works, also are
presented paintings, graphic and sculptures, photographs dedicated to the poet.

Museums branch: Korsha Ethnographical Museum.
Khevsuretian Museum
The Khevsureti Ethnographic Museum is situated in a restored fortified tower in
the village of Korsha, 2 km past the village of Barisakho in Mtskheta-Mtianeti
region. Although small, the museum contains unique displays of Khevsur life,
armour, weapons, clothing, domestic and agricultural implements and
photographs.
Mutso (Historical Castle)

Mutso is a small village in Georgia. One of the former strongholds of the historic
Georgian province of Khevsureti (now part of Mtskheta-Mtianeti region), it is
located on a rocky mountain (1880 m) on the right bank of the Andakistskali
river.
Shatili (Historical castle)

Shatili is a historic highland village in Georgia, near the border with Chechnya. It
is located on the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus mountains, in the
historical Georgian province of Upper Khevsureti, which is now part of the
modern-day region of Mtskheta-Mtianeti.
Mtskheta
Mtskheta is a city in Kartli province of Georgia. One of the oldest cities of
Georgia, it is located approximately 20 kilometres (12 miles) north of Tbilisi at
the confluence of the Aragvi river.
Due to its historical significance and several cultural monuments, the "Historical
Monuments of Mtskheta" became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994. As the
birthplace and one of the most vibrant centers of Christianity in Georgia,
Mtskheta was declared as the "Holy City" by the Georgian Orthodox Church in
2014.
Gudauri
Gudauri is a ski resort located on the south-facing plateau of The Greater
Caucasus
Mountain
Range in Georgia.
The
resort
is
situated
in
the Stepantsminda District, along the Georgian Military Highway near the Cross
Pass, at an elevation of 2,200 meters (7,200 ft.) above sea level with skiable area
enjoying maximum exposure to the sun. Gudauri lies 120 km (75 mi) to the north
of the capital Tbilisi and two hours drive from the Tbilisi International Airport or
even a short helicopter flight from the capital. The resort offers high
quality skiing opportunities. The slopes of Gudauri are completely above the tree
line and are best for free-riders and are generally considered to be avalanchesafe. The ski season lasts from December to April. Heliskiing is also available
throughout the season.
Khevsureti
Khevsureti/Khevsuria is a historical-ethnographic region in eastern Georgia. They
are the branch of Kartvelian (Georgian) people located along both the northern
and southern slopes of the Great Caucasus Mountains.
Kartli
Kartli is a historical region in central-to-eastern Georgia traversed by the river
Mtkvari (Kura), on which Georgia's capital, Tbilisi, is situated. Known to
the Classical authors as Iberia, Kartli played a crucial role in the ethnic and
political consolidation of the Georgians in the middle Ages. Kartli had no strictly
defined boundaries and they significantly fluctuated in the course of history. After
the partition of the kingdom of Georgia in the 15th century, Kartli became
a separate kingdom with its capital at Tbilisi. The historical lands of Kartli are
currently divided among several administrative regions of Georgia.
Kintsvisi monastery
Kintsvisi Monastery is a Georgian Orthodox monastery in the Shida Kartli region,
eastern Georgia, 10 kilometers from the town Kareli, on a forested slope of a high
mountain of the Dzama valley.
The Kintsvisi Monastery complex consists of three churches, of uncertain origin.
The central (main) central church dedicated to St Nicholas is thought to date to
the early 13th century, in what is generally regarded as the Georgian Golden
Age. A very small chapel standing next to it is dedicated to St George, and dates
from around the same time.
The oldest church, dedicated to St Mary dates from the 10-11th centuries, but is
mostly in ruins.
The site is currently listed by the World Monuments Fund as a field project.
Ateni Sioni Church
The Ateni Sioni Church is an early 7th-century Georgian Orthodox church in the
village ofAteni, some 10 km (6.2 mi) south of the city of Gori, Georgia. It stands
in a setting of the Tana River valley known not only for its historical monuments
but also for its picturesque landscapes and wine. The name "Sioni" derives
from Mount Zion at Jerusalem.
Sioni is an early example of a "four-apsed church with four
niches" domed tetraconch. The church's cruciform interior measures 24m x
19.22m, and its faades are faced with carved rectangular greenish-gray stones,
richly decorated with ornaments and figurative reliefs. The church is not dated
but is very similar to the Jvari Monastery at Mtskheta, which is generally held to
have preceded it.
The walls of the church contain the first inscriptions in Nuskhuri or NuskhaKhutsuri, one of the versions of the early Georgian alphabet, dating from 835.
The first examples of Mkhedruli, a currently used Georgian script, are also found
in the Ateni Sioni church and date back to the 980s. One of the inscriptions at the
church
commemorates Adarnase,
the
first
documented
Georgian Bagratid nobleman who was the father of Ashot I, the founder of the
new royal line of Georgia. Near the church there are the ruins of the medieval
fortified town of Ateni (modern-day villages of Didi Ateni and Patara Ateni).
Skhvilo Complex
It is located on the slopes of the Kaspi borough. The historical sources first
mention Skhvilo in the 10th century. The complex consists of many constructions
of different purpose: the wall, church, tower, residential and operational
buildings. The walls are higher than 10 meters at places and they are 2m thick.
The church was invaded many times and it suffered serious damage in the 17th
century
Tsromi Cathrdral
Tsromi cathedral is an early medieval church in the village of Khashuri
municipality Tsromi. It was built in 626-635 by the ruler of Kartli Stephanos II.
In IV century Tsromi had a huge importance, where the chronicler says, in 457, in
August, was tortured and killed Razhden, a Christian during Vakhtang Gorgasali.
May 8, 1940 earthquake damaged the church and a very important part of the
dome was collapsed. Nevertheless the original plan and the overall composition
remained unchanged.
Since 1949, restoration works began. The dome of the base was lifted to follow
the trial wooden dome.
Kvatakhevi
Kvatakhevi is a medieval Georgian Orthodox monastery in Shida Kartli, Georgia,
55 km (34 mi) west of the nations capital of Tbilisi.
The Kvatakhevi monastic complex is situated near the village Kavtiskhevi at the
end of the gorge cut by a stream in the northern slopes of the Trialeti Range,
protected on three sides by the steep mountain slopes. It dates to the 12th-13th
century, and resembles the monasteries of Betania, Pitareti, and Timotesubani in
its architectural form and decoration, reflecting a contemporary canon of a
Georgian domed church architecture. The overall plan is nearly a square, with
the dome resting upon 2 freely standing pillars and 2 pillars fused with the
ledges of the altar. The internal space of the church is formed by the arms of the
cross and the dome which surmounts the crossing point.
The building has two portals, one to the south and one to the west. The faades
are covered with finely hewn white stone squares. The decoration abounds in
fretwork, especially around the windows and the base of the dome; the eastern
faade is adorned with a large ornate cross.
Historically, Kvatakhevi was also a literary center where several manuscripts
were copied. It also possessed a treasure with many artifacts of medieval
Georgian jewelry, a sizeable portion of which was later acquired by and are now
on display at the Moscow State Historical Museum.
The monastery was significantly damaged during invasions in the 14th century,
but was subsequently repaired, more completely under the patronage of Prince
Ivane Tarkhan-Mouravi in 1854. A belfry was added in 1872.
Uplitsikhe
Uplistsikhe is an ancient rock-hewn town in eastern Georgia, some 10 kilometers
east of the town of Gori, Shida Kartli.
Built on a high rocky left bank of the Mtkvari River, it contains various structures
dating from the Early Iron Age to the Late Middle Ages, and is notable for the
unique combination of various styles of rock-cut cultures from Anatolia and Iran,
as well as the co-existence of pagan and Christian architecture.
Urbnisi
Urbnisi is a village in Georgias Shida Kartli region, in the district of Kareli.
Situated on the Mtkvari river, it was an important city in ancient and early
medieval Iberia as Georgia was known to the Greeks and Romans. Archaeological
studies have demonstrated that the place was inhabited in the 3rd millennium
BC. The settlement grew larger and, in the 4th century BC became a city with
thriving commerce and culture. Ruins of a fortress, rich baths, pagan sanctuaries
and even a Jewish temple suggest the importance of the city. Burned structures
and round catapult stones indicate the city may have been under a siege and
subsequently sacked in c. 3rd century BC. The new era in Urbnisis life began
with the conversion of Iberia to Christianity. It now became a major center
of Georgian Orthodox culture. From the 6th to 7th centuries, a strong system of
fortifications was erected around the city that did not prevent, however, the
Arab commander Marwan (caliph from 744 to 750) from capturing the city in the
730s. Following the invasion, it declined to a small village. However, the Urbnisi
monastery of St Stephen continued to function as a center of a Georgian
Orthodox diocese.
The monastery is a 6th-7th-century three-nave basilica which was rebuilt twice in
the 10th and 17th centuries. Quite a simple and large church, it is based on
twelve strong pillars for three naves. There are many inscriptions on the walls of
the monastery which are thought to be the examples of the 6th-7thcentury Georgian alphabet.
Near the village is an 8th-9th-century domed church, Ruisi Cathedral of Divinity,
which serves as a center of the Urbnisi-Ruisi eparchy of the Georgian Orthodox
Church.
Both Urbnisi Monastery and the Ruisi Cathedral are known for a major
ecclesiastic council convened here in 1103-1104 by the Georgian king David the
Builder to cope with problems within the church hierarchy.
Rkoni Monastery Complex

The ancient Rkoni Monastery Complex (VII; XIII-XIV centuries) is situated in 100
km from Tbilisi in the beautiful Tedzami gorge. It's the best sightseeing of Shida
Kartli. The place is rich with different kinds of architecture built at the initiative of
Queen Tamar. The fortresses, arch-stone bridge on the river Tedza, church carved
in rock to save treasure - all these you can see when you travel to this beautiful
place.
Betania
The Betania Monastery of the Nativity of the Mother of God commonly known
as Betania or Bethania
is
a
medieval Georgian
Orthodox
monastery in eastern Georgia, 16 km (9.9 mi) southwest of Tbilisi, the nations
capital. It is a remarkable piece of architecture of the "Golden Age" of
the Kingdom of Georgia, at the turn of the 11th and 12th centuries, and is
notable for its wall paintings which include a group portrait of the contemporary
Georgian monarchs.
Bolnisi Sioni
Bolnisi Sioni or Bolnisi Sioni Cathedral is a Georgian Orthodox basilica in the
Bolnisi village of Bolnisi District, Georgia. The cathedral was built in 478493. It is
the oldest extant church building in Georgia.
Bolnisi Sioni Cathedral is known for its Georgian Bolnisi inscriptions. These are
one of the oldest historical documents of the Georgian alphabet.
Binadzori
Binadzori church is very unique with its dcor.
Binadzori fence is complex fortifications. The church-bell cherishes rectangular

wall. The gates of the South and North join a separate room.
Gudarekhi
Gudarekhi is a village in Kvemo Kartli, Georgia, notable for a nearby monastic
complex and archaeological site. It is located in the Algeti Valley, some 8 km of
the town Tetritskaro, south of Georgias capital Tbilisi.
A large-scale archaeological research of the area was carried out in 1938 and
1939. It revealed the remnants of a medieval urban settlement with welldeveloped pottery production. The complex consists of a ruined palace, living
premises, a wine cellar, a pilastered building, and several other structures which
date from the 12th-13th and 16th-17th centuries.
To the south of the ruined settlement lies the monastery consisting of a single
nave church and a free-standing two-storey bell-tower. The church was
commissioned from the architect Chichaporisdze in the 13th century. It is built of
well hewn stones, with richly incrustated and decorated faades. The church
formerly possessed an avidly decorated iconostasis which is now on display at
the Art Museum of Georgia in Tbilisi. The bell-tower was erected during the reign
of Demetre II of Georgia in 1278. The complex was repaired in 2006.
Gori
Gori Fortress is a medieval citadel in Georgia, standing above the city of Gori on
a rocky hill.
The fortress first appears in the 13th century records but archaeological
evidence shows that the area had already been fortified in the last centuries BC.
The fortress controlled major strategic and economic routes and accommodated
a large garrison. In the 16th century the Ottomans captured it to overawe Tbilisi,
and then it continually changed hands between the Turks, the Georgians, and the
Persians.
Surami
The exact date when the Surami Fortress was built remains obscure. Its earliest
structures possibly date to the 12th century, but it has been reconstructed
several times since then. A local legend associated with the fortress was brought
into classical Georgian literature by the writer Daniel Chonkadze (18301860)
and further famed by the filmmaker Sergei Parajanov in his award-winning
feature film The Legend of Suram Fortress in 1985.
Samshvilde
According to the Georgian historical tradition, the Samshvilde fortress was to be
built by Kartlos, the Georgian ethnarch. Therefore, it must have been built within
the period from the time of the Kartlos father Targamos to King Parnavaz. As the
analysis of the historical sources shows, they must have been built place in the
mid-4th century, AD, when King Bakur of Kartli assigned the Sassanian relative of
his father Mirian to the position of Kartli bidaxae. Thereafter till the middle of the
8th century the Persians ruled the region choosing Samsvilde as their residence.
In the 5th century Samshvilde was such a significant city that it was ruled by the
heirs to the throne of Kartli, among them by the father of Vakhtang Gargasali,
who resided in Samshvilde together with his wife Sagdukht before accession to
the throne. Sagdukht built Samshvilde Sioni church dedicated to the Mother of
God. The church was significantly altered in the 8th century. Today there are just
the ruins of the Samshvilde Sioni church remained.
At the beginning of the 11th century, in the time of the Tashir-Dzoraget King
David the Landless they built the Lori fortress and the Samshvildians moved their
residence to Lori. It was in the 60s of the 11th century when Georgian kings
intensified attacks against Samshvildians and King Bagrat IV of Georgia (1027
-1072) took over several significant fortresses including Samshvilde.
Later, Samshvilde being under the control of Seljuks for a while was released
King David the Builder (1089-1125) and reunited with Georgia.
by
Till the 18th century Samshvilde fortress city played an important role in the
history of the Kartli Kingdom, and then in the history of the Unified Georgia.
Stalin museum
The Joseph Stalin Museum is a museum in Gori, Georgia dedicated to the life
of Joseph Stalin, the leader of the Soviet Union, who was born in Gori. The
Museum retained until recent years its Soviet-era characteristics.
The main corpus of the complex is a large palazzo in Stalinist Gothic style, begun
in 1951 ostensibly as a local history museum, but clearly intended to become a
memorial to Stalin, who died in 1953. The exhibits are divided into six halls in
roughly chronological order, and contain many items actually or allegedly owned
by Stalin, including some of his office furniture, his personal effects and gifts
made to him over the years. There is also much illustration by way of
documentation, photographs, paintings and newspaper articles. The display
concludes with one of twelve copies of the death mask of Stalin taken shortly
after his death.
To one side of the museum is Stalin's personal railway carriage. The
green Pullman carriage, which is armour plated and weighs 83 tons, was used by
Stalin from 1941 onwards, including his attendances at the Yalta Conference and
the Tehran Conference. It was sent to the museum on being recovered from the
railway yards at Rostov-on-Don in 1985.
Iakob Gogebashvili House-Museum
The museum is situated in the former house of famous Georgian public figure,
publicist and holy person Jakob Gogebashvili (1840-1912). There are collections
of exhibits belonging to Jakob Gogebashvili: her works, memorial things,
manuscripts, correspondences, photos, paintings of Georgian artists etc.
Uplistsikhe Historical and Architectural H-M.

Uplistsikhe Historical and Architectural H-M is located in Historical Shida (Inner)
Kartli, 14 km. eastwards from the city of Gori.
Visitors will be able to walk on cut in the rock streets and squares, see heathen
temples, palaces, depressions used for several ritual purposes, richly adorned
halls, bakeries, secret tunnel, etc. Besides, the remains of ancient three-nave
basilica, early medieval crown-prince church erected over the basement of once
heathen temple in the central neighborhood of Uplistsikhe, coupled with
medieval houses and palaces make the site one of the most requested visiting
points in Georgia.
Several valuable artifacts excavated on the territory of the ancient settlement
and its surroundings are exhibited in the museum, the most noteworthy of which
are the unique samples of small plastics, embroidery, weaponry, agricultural
tools and cult service goods.
The Uplistsikhe Complex is one of the outstanding sites of its kind worldwide.
This rockcut settlement is a city-type residential area. In the Hellenistic and Late
Antique periods Uplistsikhe was the influential political, cultural and religious
centers of the Country. The site is rich with heathen-time and Christian
monuments.
Bolnisi Ethnographical museum

The Ethnographic Museum of the Bolnisi Raion shows a small but fine collection
of archaeological items of the stone age until today, including ancient ceramics
and jewelry of the Trialeti Era. Further, things of the everyday life of the last 200
years can be seen there. In the German Corner, the history of german
settlement is well documented.
Orbelians Palace Complex

Orbelians Palace Complex is a historical-archeological monument in Kaspi
Municipality. It has a complex structure, which includes: the fortress, palace, wine
and other agricultural buildings.
The palace is situated in the northern part of the complex with huge wooden
balconies. Interior is very interesting, windows are arched. The palace is covered
with tile roof.
Uplistsikhe
Uplistsikhe is an ancient rock-hewn town in eastern Georgia, some 10 kilometers

east of the town of Gori, Shida Kartli.
Built on a high rocky left bank of the Mtkvari River, it contains various structures
dating from the Early Iron Age to the Late Middle Ages, and is notable for the
unique combination of various styles of rock-cut cultures from Anatolia and Iran,
as well as the co-existence of pagan and Christian architecture.
Dmanisis Nakalakari
Dmanisi Cape has:
medieval settlements;
Late Bronze and early Iron Age archaeological layers;
Municipal adrepaleolituri monument.
Dmanisi Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve was founded in 1983, since
2006 it is under the National Museum.
Archaeological excavations in the monument are underaway since 1936.
The museum represents the medieval town of Dmanisi and the geological layer
dating back 1.8 million years, which is the oldest hominid and animal remains is
rich.
Since 1991, were found five skulls of prehistoric hominids.
Gori
Gori is a city in eastern Georgia, which serves as the regional capital of Shida
Kartli and the centre of the homonymous administrative district. The name is
from Georgian gora that is, "heap", or "hill".
Gori was an important military stronghold in the Middle Ages and maintains a
strategic importance due to its location on the principal highway connecting
eastern and western parts of Georgia. In the course of its history, Gori has been
invaded by the armies of regional powers several times. The city was occupied
by Russian troops during the 2008 RussiaGeorgia war.
Gori is also known as the birthplace of the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin, ballistic
missile designer Alexander Nadiradze and philosopher Merab Mamardashvili.
Bolnisi
Bolnisi is a city in the country of Georgia, located in theKvemo Kartli region and
capital of the Bolnisi district. It currently has an estimated 13,800 inhabitants.
In 1818 the colony Katharinenfeld was founded in Bolnisi by 95 German colonist
families from Swabia. After the occupation of the Red Army in 1921, it was
renamed to Luxemburg after the German communist Rosa Luxemburg. In 1941
all the Germans descendants who were not married to Georgians were deported
to Siberia and Kazakhstan. There are still remnants of the German past in Bolnisi.
A small graveyard and plaque acknowledges the German influence in the village.
A small street called Mill Street has evidence of 19th century German
architecture and a few signs in the German language that date from the early
20th century. In 1944, the town was once again renamed as Bolnisi.
The economy is mostly agrarian with the notable exceptions of a winery,
brewery, and a gold mine in the nearby village of Kazreti.
Bolnisi has long been the seat of a bishop or archbishop, and is the home of the
oldest dated Christian structure in Georgia. It is known as Bolnisi Sioni (Sioni
being Georgian for Zion and a designation used by many of their churches). This
three-nave basilica church dates to the 5th century AD and features
some pagan elements in its stonework. The original roof is missing but has been
replaced with a modern covering.
A dedication Bolnisi inscriptions from the Bolnisi church, carved in the late 5th
century, is one of the oldest dated specimens of Georgian writing. It mentions
Bishop David of Bolnisi and two Sassanid kings Peroz I and Kavadh I.
An airfield near the city was reported to have been bombed by Russia on August
8th, 2008 during the Russia-Georgia war.
Svaneti
Svaneti or Svanetia (Suania in ancient sources) is a historic province in Georgia,
in the northwestern part of the country. It is inhabited by the Svans, an ethnic
subgroup of Georgians.
The landscape of Svaneti is dominated by mountains that are separated by deep

gorges. Most of the region which lies below 1,800 meters (5,904 ft) above sea
level is covered by mixed and coniferous forests. The forest zone is made up of
tree species such as spruce, fir, beech, oak, and hornbeam. Other species that
are
less
common
but
may
still
be
found
in
some
areas
include chestnut, birch, maple, pine and box. The zone which extends from 1,800
meters to roughly about 3,000 meters (5,9049,840 ft) above sea level consists
of alpine meadows and grasslands. Eternal snows and glaciers take over in areas
that are over 3,000 meters above sea level. The region is notable for its glaciers
and
picturesque
summits.
Svaneti's
signature
peak
is
probably
Mount Ushba which towers over the Inguri Gorge and can be seen from many
parts of the region.
Historical and Ethnographic Museum

Svaneti Museum of History and Ethnography is located in north-western Georgia,
in the recently-renovated capital city of the Svaneti region, Mestia. Museum was
established in 1936 as a Local Museum.
In 2013 the new museum was opened in modern building (architect Gaga
Kiknadze) according to international standards. Now it makes possible to
organize temporary exhibitions right next to museums unique permanent
expositions, in a specially arranged space. In addition to all the facilities
mentioned above, educational center and media library were open in 2015.
During their visit, museum guests can enjoy cafe and bookstore. Our renewed
public space is equipped with modern technology and makes museum more
interactive for the visitors.
The renovated Svaneti Museum of History and Ethnography has become a 21st
century cultural-educational center that also encourages scientific research and
the education of future generations.
Mestia
Mestia is a highland townlet (daba) in northwest Georgia, at an elevation of
1,500 metres (4,921 feet) in the Caucasus Mountains. According to the current
administrative subdivision of Georgia, Mestia is located in the Svaneti region of
Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti province, some 128 kilometres (80 miles) northeast of
the regional capital of Zugdidi. Mestia and the adjoining 132 villages form Mestia
District (raioni). Its area is 30,444 square kilometres (11,754 sq mi); and its
population is 14,248 (2,600 in the town itself), according to the 2002 Georgia
census.
Historically and ethnographically, Mestia has always been regarded a chief
community of Zemo, or Upper Svaneti province. It was formerly known as Seti.
The population is mostly Svans, a cultural and linguistic subgroup of
the Georgians. Despite its small size, the townlet was an important centre of
Georgian culture for centuries and contains a number of medieval monuments,

such as churches and forts, included in a list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Mestia is served by the Queen Tamar Airport, which is operated by the stateowned company United Airports Georgia, since 2010.
Ushguli
Ushguli is a community of four villages located at the head of the Enguri gorge in
Svaneti, Georgia. Classified as the Upper Svaneti UNESCO World Heritage
Site, Ushguli is one of the highest continuously inhabited settlements in Europe.
Compared to somewhat more developed towns like Mestia, Ushguli has been
"saved" by its particularly inaccessible location, which helped preserve the
villages' timeless feel.
Latali
The Latali community solely has 24 churches, the village of Adishi 7 churches
and etc. The vast majority of the religious monuments is built in X-XV centuries
and is decorated with the wall painting characteristic to the Georgian feudal
state. The churches of villages Ipari, Lagurki (St. Kvirike) and Nakipari are
decorated by a Royal artist Tevdore at the edge of XI-XII centuries. The
Matskhvarishi church in Latali is painted by Michael Maghlakeli in XIII century and
so on. This points out to tight links and cooperation with the central government.
A certain number of churches were built and decorated by local masters. For
example, the Ughvali Church of Saint George was built by two brothers Anton
and Michael Umpriani in XIV century, the Church of Our Savior in the village
Laghami was built by Shalva Kirkishiani in XV century, the Lenjeri Church of
Archangel in the village of Mukheri was built by Iveldiani in XV-XVI cc. etc.
Becho
Becho was historically known as a trade center. The pass that connects Upper
Svaneti to the North Caucasus is in Becho. There is one church of interest near
Becho - the Church of the Messiah in Chokhuldi, which was built in the 11th
century and contains the 13th century icon of the Archangel.
Kala
The most significant cultural sites in Kala's area are the Iprari churches of the
Archangels and Saint Kvirike (in Lagurka), painted by Theodore, the artist of King
David the Builder, who lived at the end of the 11 th century and during the first
half of the 12th century.
The Lagurka Church is the biggest worshiping place in Upper Svaneti. On July
27th in Kala there is a celebration for Saint Kvirike, which is attended by a large
part of the local population. In Svaneti, Kvirike is known as an agricultural
divinity, which oversees fertility in both people and animals.
Ipari
Ipari is found on the way from the Becho valley to Ushguli and consists of
several smaller villages that are almost placed on top of each other. Ipari houses
one of Svanetis most astonishing churches and there will be plenty of time to
study this both from outside and inside. The outside walls show how preChristian traditions were incorporated in church buildings in Svaneti. The wall
paintings inside are breathtaking. If there is a possibility there might be a chance
to see the monk who lives in Ipari. One of his tasks is to organise services in Ipari
and the villages around. There will also be plenty of time to stroll around in the
villages on your own before it is time for lunch and return travel to the hotel.
Adishi
The village of Adishi, one of the most ancient settlements in Svaneti, is located
several kilometers away from Ipari, under Mount Tetnuldi. The village has four
churches: the Church of Christ, the Church of the Archangel, and two churches of
Saint George. The Church of Christ used once contained icons from the 11th-14th
centuries (now stored at a museum), as well as a manuscript of Shatberdi,
including detailed artwork, dating back to 897, known as the four-chapter book of
Hadishi.
Mulakhi
The most interesting sites in Mulakhi include tower-houses and the Church of
Christ, with paintings dating from the 13th century. The site also includes an icon
of Saint George from the 10th century and other 16th-18th century
Lentekhi
Lentekhi is a small town and Lentekhi District's (Raion) capital in Georgia's
western region of Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, 323 km northwest to
the nation's capital Tbilisi. Situated on the southern slope of the Central
Caucasus, the district is a site of alpinism.
Lentekhi ethnographically belongs to a historic Georgian province of Lower, or
Kvemo Svaneti. Cultural heritage of the area includes several monuments,
particularly St George's Church of Jgrg (the 10th century), the Archangel
Church of Thargizel (the 910th centuries), Tekal. There is a river that goes
through the town and its inhabitants survive largely off of farming and lumber,
though in recent years government restrictions have slowed this latter industry.
Like in much of Georgia, tourism is seen as the future source of income as the
weather in lower Svaneti is not as severe and Lentekhi is one of the larger towns
before arriving in Mestia. Nevertheless, as in much of Svaneti, there has been a
tendency for the younger generation to migrate to the larger cities or to find
work overseas for economic reasons.
Every spring, there is a festival at the church high in the mountain above the
town. There is a singing hall and one restaurant next to the river which serves
traditional food of the region to travelers and sometimes locals. A spring flows
from the mountainside with fresh mineral water of which the town consistently
drinks.
Racha Lechkhumi
Racha-Lechkhumi
and
Kvemo
Svaneti is
a
region
(Mkhare)
in
northwestern Georgia which
includes
the
historical
provinces
of Racha,Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti (i.e., Lower Svaneti). It covers an area of
4,954 km and has a population of 31,927 (2014 census), but nominally also a
section of northwest South Ossetia, over which Georgia has no jurisdiction and
control. It is the most sparsely populated region in the country. The capital
is Ambrolauri.
Nikortsminda
Nikortsminda
Cathedral is
a Georgian
Nikortsminda, Racha region of Georgia.
Orthodox Church,
located
in
Nikortsminda was built in 1010-1014 during the reign of Bagrat III of Georgia and
was repaired in 1634 by the KingBagrat III of Imereti. Three-storied bell-tower
next to the Cathedral was built in the second half of the 19th century. Frescoes
inside the Cathedral date from the 17th century.
The Cathedral is on the Tentative List for status as a UNESCO World Heritage
Site.
Barakoni
Barakoni Church of the Mother of God , commonly known as Barakoni, is
an Orthodox church in Georgia, near the town of Ambrolauri, in the village of
Tsesi of mountainous western province of Racha (modern-day Racha-Lechkhumi
and Kvemo Svaneti).
Barakoni was commissioned, in 1753, by the local lord (eristavi) Rostom of
Racha (1750-1769) from the architect Avtandil Shulavreli who is commemorated
in the inscription of the eastern faade. It is a domed cruciform church and one
of the last important monuments in the tradition of medieval Georgian
architecture. The church was built of neatly trimmed stable stand stones and
adorned with rich ornamentation. The church was closed and desecrated under
the Bolshevik rule. It suffered further damage, though not serious, in the 1991
Racha earthquake, but was quickly repaired. Located on a top of a steep cliff, it
overlooks Rioni River which is joined the Lukhuni River just below the mountain.
Khotevi Church
The church of the Archangel, commonly known as Khotevi Church, and temple
were built in the village of Khotevi during the 13th century. At that time the
village was significant trade centre, and served as a link for Imereti and Kvemo
Racha regions. The first mention of this village was in written documents of the
11th century.
Ambrolauri
Ambrolauri is a city in Georgia, located in the western part of the country, on
both banks of the Rioni river, at the elevation of 550 m above sea level. It is a
self-governing city. At the same time, the city serves as the seat of the RachaLechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti regional administration and of the Ambrolauri
Municipality. According to the 2014 census, the city had a population of 2,047.
Its area is 1.6 km2.
Ambrolauri is first recorded in the 17th century as a place, where one of the
palaces of the kings of Imereti was located. It acquired the city status in 1966
and became a self-governing city with its own municipal government in 2014.
Omalo
Omalo is a principal village in the historical region of Tusheti, Georgia.
Administratively, it is part of the Akhmeta District in Kakheti. It lies between
the Greater Caucasus Mountain Range and the Pirikita Range of Tusheti. Due to
Omalo's high mountain location on the northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus
Mountain Range and the absence of well-maintained roads, it is largely isolated
from the rest of Georgia for most of the year. The only access road is through the
Abano pass at 2,850 metres (9,350 ft).
Dartlo
Dartlo village is situated 2,000 meters above sea level by the Alazani River, on
the northern slope of the Greater Caucasus Mountains. It is distinguished by its
vernacular architecture with dry masonry and stone-slated roofs, where residents
have sustained their ancestors culture and pattern of life.
Tobavarchkhili
Tobavarchkhili lakes trip is one of the most impressive alpine treks what you can
do in Georgia. It takes average 5 days to complete, goes through fast river
gorges, forests, even tropical jungles in case of descending through Magana
gorge, beautiful alpine valleys, snowed passes of an altitude up to 3,000m , 2 big
alpine lakes surrounded by stunning rocks reflected in the lake, from 2 to 4

smaller alpine lakes in case of interest, waterfalls, canyons, glaciers, caves,
shepherds huts where you can try delicious Georgian cheese: sulguni and dish
Elarji, stunning views, panoramas, views to summits in good weather and
beautiful unreal landscapes painted by mystic fog flying over the passes, lakes,
mountains Magic of living outside the civilized world, with no mobile
connection, no availability to reach a settlement in at least 2-day period, living to
breath the nature, to study and test yourself, camping in the heaven, in love with
sun, mountains and life Cheering with a shot of hard Georgian vodka to your
friends around you and to the moon and stars reflected in the beautiful lake.
Mkinvari
Mkinvari, situated in Kazbegi is of the height of 5047m.
There are subalpine meadows on its slopes, above - the eternal snow. Mount has
a double cone shape, whose root is 1770 meters.
First ascent to the mountain was carried out by the British Douglas Freshfield, Adolf
Moore and Charles Tucker in 1868.
Mta-tusheti
Mta-Tusheti, a small historic geographic region in Eastern Georgia located on the
northern slopes of the Greater Caucasus Mountains, covers the area of
approximately 796 sq. km. It is one of the most ecologically unspoiled regions in
Caucasus. Mta-Tusheti vernacular architecture in general and fortress-like
residential buildings in particular represents special interest in terms of their
unique and distinctive architectural forms. This region is remarkable for the
extraordinary beauty of its alpine landscapes and represents greatest
importance as a habitat of numerous rare and endemic animal and vegetative
species.
Kakheti
Kakheti (Georgian: [kxti]) is a region formed in the 1990s in
eastern Georgia from the historical province of Kakheti and the small,
mountainous province of Tusheti. Telavi is its capital.
Kakheti was an independent feudal principality from the end of the eighth
century. It was incorporated into the united Georgian Kingdom at the beginning
of the eleventh century, but for less than a decade. Only in the beginning of the
twelfth century did Georgian King David the Builder (10891125) incorporate
Kakheti into his Kingdom successfully.
The travel infrastructure in Kakheti is fast developing, since it is the most visited
region of Georgia. One can choose to stay in a guest house, in a small and
comfortable hotel, or a beautiful boutique-style hotel while traveling in this
region. Telavi and Signagi are the most visited towns. Signagi was renovated
three years ago. Until recently there were only some family hotels (simple rooms
in a family-owned house with a shared bathroom), but now Signagi features
several hotels.
Churches/monasteries
Akhali (New) & Dzveli (Old) Shuamta
The churches of Akhali (New) Shuamta and Dzveli (Old) Shuamta are fine works
of Georgian architecture among beautiful woodlands off the Gombori road west
of Telavi.
The convent of Akhali Shuamta, 11km from Telavi, was founded in the 16th
century by the Kakhetian Queen Tinatin and is now a convent again after serving
as an orphanage in Soviet times. Wait at the inner gate for one of the nuns to
greet you and show you the church (some of them speak English). The church
has a cruciform design with a high cupola and large crosses inscribed on its
extremities. The fine 16th-century frescoes portray Tinatin, her husband King
Levan II and their son Alexander, as well as biblical scenes. Tinatin and the poet
Alexander Chavchavadze are both buried here.
The three stone churches of Dzveli Shu-amta, 1.8km up the road past Akhali Shuamta, formed part of a monastery founded way back in the 5th century. Nearest
to the road is a three-naved 5th- to 6th-century basilica, in a style typical of the
earliest period of Georgian Christianity. The next is a 7th-century tetraconch
church with a plan derived from the Jvari Church near Mtskheta. Third is another
tetraconch church from the same period.
Alaverdi
Georgian Eastern Orthodox monastery located 25 km from Akhmeta, in
the Kakheti region of Eastern Georgia. While parts of the monastery date back to
6th century, the present day cathedral was built in the 11th century by Kvirike III
of Kakheti, replacing an older church of St. George.
The monastery was founded by the Assyrian monk Joseph (Yoseb, Amba)
Alaverdeli, who came from Antioch and settled in Alaverdi, and then a small
village and former pagan religious center dedicated to the Moon. At a height of
over 55 meters, Alaverdi Cathedral is the second tallest religious building in
Georgia, after Holy Trinity Cathedral of Tbilisi, which was consecrated in 2004. Its
overall size is also smaller than the cathedral of Svetitskhoveli in Mtskheta. The
monastery is the focus of the annual religious celebration Alaverdoba. Situated in
the heart of the world's oldest wineregion, the monks also make their own wine,
known as Alaverdi Monastery Cellar.
Bodbe
The Monastery
of St.
Nino at
Bodbe (Georgian:
, bodbis
tsminda
Ninos
monasteri)
is
a Georgian
Orthodox monastic complex and the seat of the Bishops of Bodbe located 2 km
from the town of Sighnaghi, Kakheti, Georgia. Originally built in the 9th century,
it has been significantly remodeled, especially in the 17th century. The
monastery now functions as a nunnery and is one of the major pilgrimage sites in
Georgia, due to its association with St. Nino, the 4th-century female evangelist of
Georgians, whose relics are shrined there.
According to Georgian tradition, St. Nino, having witnessed the conversion of
Georgians to the Christian faith, withdrew to the Bodbe gorge, in Kakheti, where
she died c. 338-340. At the behest of King Mirian III (r. 284-361), a small
monastery was built at the place where Nino was buried. The monastery gained
particular prominence in the late Middle Ages. It was particularly favored by
the kings of Kakheti who made choice of the monastery as the place of their
coronation. Pillaged by the troops of Shah Abbas I of Persia in 1615, the Bodbe
monastery was restored by King Teimuraz I of Kakheti (r. 1605-1648). With the
revival of monastic life in Bodbe, a theological school was opened. The
monastery also operated one of the largest depositories of religious books in
Georgia and was home to several religious writers and scribes.
In 1924, the Soviet government closed down the monastery and converted it into
a hospital. In 1991, after the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Bodbe
monastery was resumed as a convent. The restoration works were carried out
between 1990 and 2000 and resumed in 2003.
Gremi
Gremi is 16th-century architectural monument the royal citadel and the Church
of the Archangels in Kakheti, Georgia. The complex is what has survived from
the once flourishing town of Gremi and is located east of the present-day village
of the same name in the Kvareli district, 175 kilometers east of Tbilisi, capital of
Georgia.
Gremi was the capital of the Kingdom of Kakheti in the 16th and 17th centuries.
Founded by Levan of Kakheti, it functioned as a lively trading town on the Silk
Road and royal residence until being razed to the ground by the armies of
Shah Abbas I of Persia in 1615. The town never regained its past prosperity and
the kings of Kakheti transferred their capital to Telavi in the mid-17th century.
The town appears to have occupied the area of approximately 40 hectares and to
have been composed of three principal parts the Archangels Church complex,
the royal residence and the commercial neighborhood. Systematic archaeological
studies of the area guided by A. Mamulashvili and P. Zakaraia were carried out in
1939-1949 and 1963-1967, respectively. Since 2007, the monuments of Gremi
have been proposed for inclusion into the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Tetri George Church

Tetri Giorgi is one of the local names of Christian Saint George in Georgia, specifically in the
countrys northeastern highland districts. The popularity of the cult led to establishment of Tetri
Giorgi as a national symbol, part of Georgia's coat of arms in the years 1918-1921 and 19912004.
Nekresi
Nekresi in Kakheti, in Eastern Georgia, situated in Kvareli region not far from Shilda village,
represents complex of ecclesiastical buildings and is one of the most important cultural centers of
Georgia. Beautifully set on the hilltop in the woods the monastery includes several structures
built in different periods.
The oldest is a chapel of the small basilica type built in 4th century, when King Trdat, a grandson
of King Mirian was on the throne; In 5-7th centuries here was erected the main temple - St.
Virgin's Church of the triple-church basilica type, which has several important inscriptions and
wall-painting of 16th century; In 9th century was built the domed church; There are also other
buildings for different purposes - bishop's palace, etc. In second half of 6th century Abibos (one
of the famous 12 Great Syrian Fathers) became the head of Nekresi eparchy. He was fighting
against Persians attempts to implant the fire - worshiping into Georgia and finally was executed
for insulting of Persian God.
The monastery remembers numerous Muslim invasions. The legend tells us about one of them:
Nekresi was attacked by Muslims and the defenders of the monastery let pigs out of the
monastery. When Muslims soldiers saw pigs on their way, they ceased hostilities and left the
monastery in peace. In commemoration of this rescue the pig was announced as Nekresi
protector and up to now the Nekresi st. Virgin temple is the only church in Georgia to which the
pig can be sacrificed.
David Gareja
David Gareja is a rock-hewn Georgian Orthodox monastery complex located in

the Kakheti region of Eastern Georgia, on the half-desert slopes of Mount Gareja, some 60
70 km southeast of Georgia's capital Tbilisi. The complex includes hundreds of cells, churches,
chapels, refectories and living quarters hollowed out of the rock face.
Part of the complex is located in the Agstafa rayon of Azerbaijan and has become subject to
a border dispute between Georgia and Azerbaijan.[1] The area is also home to protected animal
species and evidence of some of the oldest human habitations in the region.
The complex was founded in the 6th century by David (St. David Garejeli), one of the thirteen
Assyrian monks who arrived in the country at the same time. His disciples Dodo and Luciane
expanded the original lavra and founded two other monasteries known as Dodo's Rka (literally,
"the horn of Dodo") and Natlismtsemeli (" the Baptist"). The monastery saw further
development under the guidance of the 9th-century Georgian saint Ilarion. The convent was
particularly patronized by the Georgian royal and noble families. The 12th-century Georgian
king Demetre I, the author of the famous Georgian hymn Thou Art a Vineyard, even chose
David Gareja as a place of his confinement after he abdicated the throne.
Ikalto
Late in the 6th century Saint Zenon, one of the Syrian Fathers founded the
Ikalto Monastery 7-8 km west of the town Telavi. The Monastery was famous as
one of the most significant cultural-scholastic centers of Kakheti as well as of the
whole of Georgia. A high school, the academy, was founded there; an
outstanding Georgian philosopher Arsen Iqaltoeli used to live and work in it.
Archaeological excavations revealed numerous workshops, wine-cellars, a
smithy, store-rooms and other household rooms grouped around the Academy
building. The academy of Ikalto trained its students in theology, rhetoric,
astronomy, philosophy, geography, geometry chanting, etc. Besides the
theoretical courses, the students were skilled in pottery making, metal work,
viticulture and wine making, pharmacology, etc. There are three churches on the
premises - Gvtaeba, Kvelatsminda and Sameba. The main church, Cvtaeba, was
built on the site of an old church (in which the founder of the Monastery, St.
Zenon had been buried) and had the form of the Greek Cross in plan. These
churches were restored so many times that their original appearance has
changed drastically. The Academy of Ikalto had functioned for a long time playing
an important role in the history of Georgian Enlightenment. In 1616 the Iranian
invaders led by Shah Abbas II set it on fire and the Academy ceased to exist.
Now, inside its walls one of the country's first people's Universities is
functioning.
Fortresses
1. Sighnaghi
Due to its special and unique architecture and natural location Sighnaghi, pearl
of Kakheti region (110km from Tbilisi), is one of the most beautiful small towns in
Georgia. Built 790 meters above the sea level, it overlooks the most beautiful
landscape of Alazani Valley and Caucasus Mountains. It was recently restored

under government project but 200-year old view is still preserved. The wall,
houses built with Georgian bricks, wooden fretwork balconies, cobblestone
pavements, wine cellars, basements and of course the inimitable views produce
an unforgettable impression upon the visitors of the town.
You can enjoy walking in the city, get up the wall, eat Kakhetian food and drink
wine in its restaurants, visit wine cellars, buy Georgian carpets or at least some
knitted goods such as socks and hats. There are many hotels and guesthouses
where you can stay. Remember that every Georgian region is unique and
different. Kakheti region is almost a different planet in comparison to other
regions of Georgia. You will not forget your trip here.
Sighnaghi wall with the length of about 5 kilometers and 23 towers was built in
King Erekle IIs times in 1770s. The fortress could accommodate almost all
Kizikians in that period. Sighnaghi Wall is still considered to be one of the most
important historic monuments in Kakheti and throughout Georgia. A small
section of the wall has been restored for tourism. From the city follow the road
down from ,,The Knitting Ladies and sign ,,tourist track will take you up to the
wall and this track ends at the restaurant overlooking Alazani valley. Views of the
greater Caucasus is beautiful in the clear weather if you are lucky. Sighnaghi can
be visited at any season even in sunny days of winter you will admire looking at
snow-capped summits walking on the Sighnaghi wall.
Another highlight of Sighnaghi is St.Stephen church in Sighnaghi fortress, (take
the road to the left of Hotel Sighnaghi at the highest square. The church is up the
road on the right.). The church tower commands an excellent view of Sighnaghis
surrounding areas and tourists can climb over the fortifications.
Bodbe convent and St. Nino spring is also near the city (2km). Its important
place for pilgrims for St.Ninos grave who converted Georgia to Christianity in the
4th century.
2. Ujarma
Established by King Vakhtang Gorgasali in the 5th century, Ujarma Fortress
(Georgian: ) was the second capital of Georgia until the 8th century.
King Vakhtang Gorgasali is believed to have died there after he was wounded in
battle against the Persians.
The fortress consisted of two parts: the Upper Fortress (the Citadel) located on
the plateau of the rocky hill and the Lower City on the slope. A royal palace,
consisting of a two-storey building, was located in the eastern part of the Citadel.
The Upper Fortress was destroyed in the 10th century by the Arabian conqueror
Abul Kassim but was restored in the 12th century by King George III who used it
as a treasury.
The fortress was originally surrounded by powerful protective walls with nine
towers. Parts of the walls remain, together with several ruined towers that
originally had tiled roofs.
In the middle part of the citadel is the two-storey Jvari Patiosani Church (Church
of the Fair Cross) and reservoirs that once held water.
Because of its ruined state the Fortress might be overlooked when planning a
visit itinerary but its historical importance and its beautiful views over the Iori
valley make a visit worthwhile, especially as it is on the way to Telavi.
3. Kvareli
Kvareli fortress is one of the largest of the Kakhetian strongholds of the 16-18th
cc. Forming a virtual square it is situated on a plain and is equally accessible
from all sides. The corners are formed by towers of cylindrical shape, and the
main entrance is located in one of them.The main wall is also subdivided by
smaller towers. The whole structure hosts 3 main floors, with facilities and
embrasures designed to hold a garrison strong enough to resist a siege of an
army of twenty-five thousand, as recorded by a historical tradition. Decorations
are scarce, which is similar to other Georgian fortresses. However, the entrances
are accentuated by brick rhombs and crosses.Initially the citadelwas furnished by
another wall, in about 20 meters inside the extant fortress. Georgians rarely built
their fortresses on a plain, and if they did they usually chose a location with a
secure water supply.In such case the strongholds were often protected with
fosses, and Kvareli Fortress was similarly secured. The fortress was of strategic
importance as a piece of defensive infrastructure for both Kakheti and the inner
regions of the country from Lezghin invasions of the 18th c.
Museums
1. Sagarejo Ethnographical Museum
The museum houses archaeological discoveries (some discovered by chance)
in Kakhetiregion, representing time period from Late Bronze Age up to medieval
times (spearheads, bracelets, cornelian and paste necklaces, different period
ceramics), characteristic for local everyday life and ethnography items, samples
of crafts (parentally samples of the XIX and beginning of the XX c. kilims and
carpets, clothes, and accessories).
2. Vachnadziani Historical Museum
The museum of well-known Georgian cinema actress Nato Vachnadze (19041953) was established in Vachnadze family memorial house. In the museum
funds and on its display are kept memorial objects of actress and her
family: XIX c. and beginning of the XX century furniture, carpets, kilims, crockery
(Russian and French china), paintings, graphics, sculpture, photographs,
documents, books on the subject of the actress work, copies of her films; the
museum houses characteristic for the Kakheti region everyday life and
ethnography objects and archaeological items accidentally discovered by local
people.
3. A. Chavchavadze House-Museum
The museum is located in the palace of the well-known Georgian poet, where
one can see objects representing both the poet's life and creative work, and
his poque: epistolary and iconography archive, XIX c. editions on various
subjects in French, German, English, Polish, Armenian languages, XVIII c.
manuscripts, works of photographer Ermakov, samples of painting and
lithography, XVII-XIX c.c. Georgian, Russian, French furniture, other household
objects, crockery (Chinese, Japanese, French, German, Italian, Georgian,
Russian), musical instruments; Alexsander Chavchavadze in1830 laid out a
decorative park which at the moment occupies 18 hectare land. There are
different plants medical, technical, etc. as well as exotic ones from China,
Japan, Mediterranean, America, etc. In 1835 there was built one of the first in
Georgia wine cellar, where are kept unique collection of wine from many
countries (16 500 bottles).
4. G.Leonidze House-Museum
The museum houses memorial objects connected with life and work of Georgian
poet Giorgi Leonidze, ethnographic collection (XIX c. and beginning of the XX c.),
various publications of poet's works, also paintings, graphic and sculptures,
photographs dedicated to the writer.
5. I.Chavchavadze House-Museum
This complex includes family castle and house of outstanding Georgian poet and
public figure Ilia Chavchavadze (1837-1907) and exposition hall as well. The
museum houses memorial objects of the poet and his family, poet's manuscripts,
sets of established by him periodicals, family coat of arms, seal, household
objects, XVIII-XIXc.c. weapons, furniture, manuscripts of Georgian and foreign
public figures, paintings inspired by the poet's works (by H.Hrinewski,
L. Gudiashvili, K. Guruli, S. Meskhi, T. Mirzashvili), rich collection of photographs
and archive documents, collection of poet's works editions on various languages.
Wine Cellar and Winery
1. Badagoni
2. Alaverdi
3. Alaverdi Monastery Wine Cellar
4. Wine cellar-museum Numisi
5. Manavi Royal Cru
6. GWS
7. Schuchmann Wines
8. Chateau Telavi
9. Telavi Wine Cellar
10.Twins Old Cellar
11.Tsinanadalis Edemi
12.Chateau Mere
13.Teliani Valley
14.Eniseli Bagrationi
15.Nekresi Monastery Wine Cellar

Georgia by Regions Descriptions

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Georgia by Regions Descriptions

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Imereti

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Virgin Mary Blakhernae ....

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The Batumi Botanical Garden

Gergeti Trinity Church

The Great Mtskheta Archeological Museum-Reserve

presented paintings, graphic and sculptures, photographs dedicated to the poet.

Mutso (Historical Castle)

Shatili (Historical castle)

Ateni Sioni Church

Rkoni Monastery Complex

Binadzori fence is complex fortifications. The church-bell cherishes rectangular

Iakob Gogebashvili House-Museum

Uplistsikhe Historical and Architectural H-M.

Bolnisi Ethnographical museum

Orbelians Palace Complex

Uplistsikhe is an ancient rock-hewn town in eastern Georgia, some 10 kilometers

The landscape of Svaneti is dominated by mountains that are separated by deep

Historical and Ethnographic Museum

Georgian culture for centuries and contains a number of medieval monuments,

alpine lakes surrounded by stunning rocks reflected in the lake, from 2 to 4

Tetri George Church

David Gareja is a rock-hewn Georgian Orthodox monastery complex located in

landscape of Alazani Valley and Caucasus Mountains. It was recently restored

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